51. RUBEN A. VILLALUZ, petitioner, vs.CALIXTO ZALDIVAR, ET AL., respondents Dec. 1, 1!"5 B#$tist# An%e&o, '. (#cts 1.

Vi&&#&$) *#s no+in#ted #s c,ie- o- t,e .otor Ve,ic&e o--ice on .#/ 01, 1!52. #. 3is no+in#tion *#s con-ir+ed 4/ t,e Co++ission o- Appoint+ents. 4. 3e too5 ,is o#t, o- o--ice t,ere#-ter. 0. In '#n. 1!"1, t,r$ # &etter, #ddressed to t,e 6resident o- t,e 6,i&ippines 4/ Con%ress+#n 'o#7$in R. Roces, t,e &#tter in-or+ed t,e -or+er o- t,e -indin%s +#de 4/ ,is Co++ittee concernin% #&&e%ed %ross +is+#n#%e+ent #nd ine--icienc/ co++itted 4/ petitioner in t,e .otor Ve,ic&es O--ice *,ic, #re s$++ed $p in t,e &etter, #s -o&&o*s8 #. 91: +#&pr#ctice in o--ice res$&tin% in ,$%e &osses to t,e %overn+ent;

4. 90: -#i&$re to correct in#de7$#te contro&s or intention#& to&er#tion o- t,e s#+e, -#ci&it#tin% t,ere4/ t,e co++ission o- %r#-t #nd corr$ption; #nd c. 9 : ne%&i%ence to re+ed/ $ns#tis-#ctor/ #cco$ntin% . Roces reco++ended t,e rep&#ce+ent o- Vi&&#&$). In ,is p&#ce *o$&d 4e Roces< #ssist#nt A$re&io de Leon. =. >ecret#r/ o- 6$4&ic ?or5s #nd Co++$nic#tions -$rnis,ed petitioner *it, # cop/ t,ereo- re7$irin% ,i+ to e@p&#in *it,in A0 ,o$rs *,/ no #d+inistr#tive #ction s,o$&d 4e t#5en #%#inst ,i+ re&#tive to t,e c,#r%es cont#ined in t,e &etter; t,#t Vi&&#&$) #ns*ered t,e &etter #s re7$ired *,erein ,e e@p&#ined #nd re-$ted in det#i& e#c, #nd ever/one o- t,e c,#r%es cont#ined in t,e &etter oCon%ress+#n Roces. 5. E@ec$tive >ecret#r/ N#t#&io 6. C#sti&&o s$spended petitioner #s Ad+inistr#tor o- t,e .otor Ve,ic&es O--ice, ,#vin% t,ere$pon cre#ted #n investi%#tin% co++ittee *it, t,e on&/ p$rpose o- investi%#tin% t,e c,#r%es #%#inst petitioner #nd ,is #ssist#nt A$re&io de Leon. ". A-ter t,e investi%#tion s#id co++ittee s$4+itted its report to t,e 6resident ot,e 6,i&ippines *,o t,ere#-ter iss$ed Ad+inistr#tive Order No. 0 decreein% t,e re+ov#& -ro+ o--ice o- Vi&&#&$). A. Vi&&#&$) -i&ed #n .R 4$t *#s denied. 3ence, t,is petition. 2. T,e respondents #r%$+ents8

#. T,e c,#r%es *ere not directed to Vi&&#&$) ,i+se&- to ,is o--ice. 4. Vi&&#&$) *#s #ccorded d$e process. 3e *#s %iven ti+e to present ,is de-ense, sec$re *itness #nd s$4+it doc$+ents. c. Respondent also averred that the President of the Philippines, contrary to petitioner's claim, has jurisdiction to investigate and remove him since he is a presidential appointee who belongs to the non-competitive or unclassified service under Section 5 of Republic ct !o. ""#$. d. Respondents -in#&&/ #verred t,#t t,e &etter o- Con%ress+#n 'o#7$in R. Roces is in e--ect # v#&id #d+inistr#tive co+p&#int 4ec#$se it cont#ined speci-ic c,#r%es *,ic, constit$te B$st c#$ses -or ,is s$spension #nd re+ov#&; t,#t s#id c,#r%es need not 4e s*orn to -or t,e C,ieE@ec$tive, #s #d+inistr#tive ,e#d o- petitioner, is e+po*ered to co++ence #d+inistr#tive proceedin%s +ot$ proprio p$rs$#nt to E@ec$tive Order No. A1, series o- 1!=1, *it,o$t need o- #n/ previo$s veri-ied co+p&#int. e. Vi&&#&$) is %$i&t/ o- &#c,es -or ,#vin% -i&ed t,is #ction +ore t,#n = /e#rs.

Iss$e >,o$&d 4e Vi&&#&$) 4e reinst#tedC NO. o ?,#t 5ind o- #n #ppointee is Vi&&#&$)C # presidenti#& #ppointee *,o 4e&on%s to t,e nonDco+petitive or $nc&#ssi-ied service o- t,e %overn+ent

Does t,e 6resident ,#ve B$risdiction over ,is c#seC Ees. Bein% # presidenti#& #ppointee *,o 4e&on%s to t,e nonD co+petitive or $nc&#ssi-ied service o- t,e %overn+ent #nd is s$c, ,e c#n on&/ 4e investi%#ted #nd re+oved -ro+ o--ice #-ter d$e ,e#rin% t,e 6resident o- t,e 6,i&ippines $nder t,e princip&e t,#t Ft,e po*er to re+ove is in,erent in t,e po*er to #ppointF #s c#n 4e c&e#r&/ i+p&ied -ro+ >ection 5 o- Rep$4&ic Act No. 00"1.

?,#t 5ind o- c#ses does t,e Co++ission o- Civi& >ervice ,#ve B$risdiction onC

T,e Co++issioner o- Civi& >ervice is *it,o$t B$risdiction to ,e#r #nd decide t,e #d+inistr#tive c,#r%es -i&ed #%#inst petitioner 4ec#$se t,e #$t,orit/ o- s#id Co++issioner to p#ss $pon 7$estions o- s$spension, sep#r#tion, or re+ov#& c#n on&/ 4e e@ercised *it, re-erence to per+#nent o--ici#&s #nd e+p&o/ees in t,e c&#ssi-ied service to *,ic, c&#ssi-ic#tion petitioner does not 4e&on%.

Is t,e &etter o- Con%ress+#n Roces # v#&id co+p&#intC Ees. T,e c,#r%es need not 4e s*orn to -or t,e C,ieE@ec$tive, #s #d+inistr#tive ,e#d o- petitioner, is e+po*ered to co++ence #d+inistr#tive proceedin%s +ot$ proprio p$rs$#nt to E@ec$tive Order No. A1, series o- 1!=1, *it,o$t need o- #n/ previo$s veri-ied co+p&#int.

R#tio8 On t,e '$risdiction o- t,e 6resident over t,is c#se o C#se o- An%DAn%co T,e po*er o- contro& o- t,e 6resident +#/ e@tend to t,e po*er to investi%#te, s$spend or re+ove o--icers #nd e+p&o/ees *,o 4e&on% to t,e e@ec$tive dep#rt+ent i- t,e/ #re presidenti#& #ppointees or do not 4e&on% to t,e c&#ssi-ied service -or s$c, c#n 4e B$sti-ied $nder t,e princip&e t,#t t,e po*er to re+ove is in,erent in t,e po*er to #ppoint 9L#cson v. Ro+ero, s$pr#:, 4$t not *it, re%#rd to t,ose o--icers or e+p&o/ees *,o 4e&on%, to t,e c&#ssi-ied service -or #s to t,e+ t,#t in,erent po*er c#nnot 4e e@ercised. T,is is in &ine *it, t,e provision o- o$r Constit$tion *,ic, s#/s t,#t t,e FCon%ress +#/ 4/ &#* vest t,e #ppoint+ent o- in-erior o--icers, in t,e 6resident #&one, in t,e co$rts, or in t,e ,e#d o- dep#rt+entsF 9Artic&e VII, >ection 11 G H, Constit$tion:. 9An%DAn%co v. C#sti&&o, et #&., LD1A1"!, Nove+4er 1, 1!" :.

Despite 4ein% $nder D6?3, 4ein% # 6residenti#& #ppointee ,e co+es e@c&$sive&/ $nder t,e B$risdiction o- t,e 6resident. T,e po*er o- contro& %iven to t,e 6resident 4/ t,e Constit$tion over #&& o--icers #nd e+p&o/ees in t,e e@ec$tive dep#rt+ents is co$c,ed in %ener#& ter+s -or it does not set in speci-ic +#nner its e@tent #nd scope. FT,e po*er o- #n o--icer to #&ter or +odi-/ or n$&&i-/ or set #side *,#t # s$4ordin#te o--icer ,#d done in t,e per-or+#nce o- ,is d$ties #nd to s$4stit$te t,e B$d%+ent o- t,e -or+er -or t,#t o- t,e &#tter.I

T,e po*er +ere&/ #pp&ies to t,e e@ercise o- contro& over t,e #cts o- t,e s$4ordin#te #nd not over t,e #ctor or #%ent ,i+se&o- t,e #ct. It on&/ +e#ns t,#t t,e 6resident +#/ set #side t,e B$d%+ent or #ction t#5en 4/ # s$4ordin#te in t,e per-or+#nce o,is d$ties. T,#t +e#nin% is #&so t,e +e#nin% %iven to t,e *ord Fcontro&F #s $sed in #d+inistr#tive &#*. T,$s, t,e Dep#rt+ent 3e#d p$rs$#nt to >ection A! 9c: is %iven direct control o- #&& 4$re#$s #nd o--ices $nder ,is dep#rt+ent 4/ virt$e o- *,ic, ,e +#/ Frepe#& or +odi-/ decisions o- t,e c,ie-s o- s#id 4$re#$s or o--ices,F #nd $nder >ection A= o- t,e s#+e Code, t,e 6residentJs contro& over t,e e@ec$tive dep#rt+ent on&/ re-ers to +#tters o- %ener#& po&ic/.

On t,e s$4Bect o- Con%ress+#n Roces< &etter. o 6$rs$#nt to E@ec$tive Order No. A1, series o- 1!=1, t,e pertinent provisions o- *,ic, #re is -o&&o*s8 91: Ad+inistr#tive proceedin%s +#/ 4e co++enced # %overn+ent o--icer or e+p&o/ee 4/ t,e ,e#d or c,ie- o- t,e 4$re#$ or o--ice concerned motu proprio or $pon co+p&#int o#n/ person *,ic, s,#&& 4e s$4scri4ed $nder o#t, 4/ t,e co+p&#in#nt8 6rovided, T,#t i- # co+p&#int is not or c#nnot 4e s*orn to 4/ t,e co+p&#in#nt, t,e ,e#d or c,ie- o- t,e 4$re#$ or o--ice concerned +#/ in ,is discretion, t#5e #ction t,ereon i- t,e p$4&ic interest or t,e speci#& circ$+st#nces o- t,e c#se, so *#rr#nt

K$i&t/ o- L#c,es o In t,e present c#se, petitioner ,erein ,#vin% #&&o*ed #4o$t # /e#r #nd # ,#&- to e&#pse 4e-ore see5in% reinst#te+ent.

6etition denied.