HEALTH - so many aspects

Personal Health
 Two dimensions of Health
The Well-being axis

FEEL WELL FEEL BAD

The Disease axis MAIN FOCUS

NO DISEASE DISEASE
Public Health and Disasters
 Four Health Domains
• PERSONAL HEALTH
• HEALTH MARKET
• MEDICAL HEALTH
• PUBLIC HEALTH
 PUBLIC HEALTH
Always at a POPULATION level

HEALTH ANALYSIS
PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION
FACTORS
- Risk Factors MAIN FOCUS
+ Salutogenic Factors
 PUBLIC HEALTH

• Communicable Diseases
RISK FACTORS: Infectious agens
MAIN FOCUS

• Non communicable
Diseases
RISK FACTORS: Behaviour
 The Work for Health
The Disaster Application

• Health Promotion PUBLIC HEALTH

• Health Protection
• Disease Prevention

• Treatment, Cure, Care MEDICINE

• Rehabilitation
 Consequences for Population
• Destruction of infrastructure
– Water and Sanitation
– Food supply
– Transportation, Electricity
• Regular Health Care reorganised
• Mental Health
• Bioterrorism
 Structural Public Health Problems
• Water
– Drinking Water
– Waste water
• Food
– Access
– Contamination
• Temporary Housing
• Rats, Lice, Blowflies
• Other zoonoses
 Infectious diseases
• Increased Susceptibility; Immunological
system depressed
• Increased Dissemination; Living close together

• Normally occurring in the population

• Seldom diseases starting up
• Bioterrorism
 Importance of Previous
Vaccinations
• Polio
• Tetanus
• Diphtheria
• Measles

• Start up vaccination
program
 Main Ways of Dissemination
• Man to man; Direct, indirect, faeces
• Man to food products to Man
• Man to water to Man
• Man to Blowflies to food to Man
• Rats to food and water to Man
• Rats to Lice to Man
• Other zoonoses
Drinking Water
♦ Drinking Water System
♦ Local Wells
♦ Surface Water

• Lack of Water (you will

need more than 1 litre
per day)
• Water Contamination
Waste Water

• Waste water system

crashed
• Waste water
contamination of
drinking water
 Water contamination
• Salmonella
• Shigella
• Cholera
• Viruses; Enteroviroses, Hepatitis
Food
• Lack of food
– Basic 1500 cal/day; 35 g
protein per day, vitamins
• Contamination of food
– Temperature for storage
– Hand wash
– Rats, insects
• Main way of
contamination:
♦ MAN – FOOD – MAN
Contamination
♦ Food Product Infection
• Bacteria
– Salmonella, Shigella,
Enteropatogenic E Coli
• Viruses
– Hepatitis A
♦ Food Product Poisening =
Toxic Products produced
on food by Bacteria
• Staphylococci enterotoxin
 Housing; living close together
• Man to man dissemination of infectious agens
• Food preservation, lack of refrigerators
• Lack of clean water
• Humans and animals with severe infectious
diseases
• Dead humans and animals
• Zoonoses
 Zoonoses
Disease transmitted from
animal to man
• Direct contact
• Transmitted via
mosquitoes, lice, tics,
flies (vector)
• Transmitted via food or
water
 Examples of zoonoses
• Bird flu
• Campylobacterios
• Ehec
• Nephropatia epidemica
• Tic born infections (Borelia, TBE)
• Listeriosis
• Salmonellosis
• Psitacosis
• Rabies
 Reactive Mental Disturbances 1
• Not very pronounced,
mass panic seldom

• Confusion, Amnesia
• Depressive, Apatia,
Mutism
• Hysterical
• Psychosomatic (heart,
stomach, headache)
• Psychotic
 Reactive Mental Disturbances 2
• Talk to someone who is objective, support
• Treat as a very normal reaction
• Sleep, rest
• Back to activities as soon as possible

• Less problems with Children

• Do not move children from their parents