Definition of Terms BAR - the professional body for lawyers BENCH - the general term for all judges

as in !the ben"h! or for the parti"ular judge or panel of judges as in an order "oming from !the ben"h!###### the large usually long and wide des$ raised abo%e the le%el of the rest of the "ourtroom at whi"h the judge or panel of judges sit# &A'(ER ) a person learned in law who is li"ensed to a"t as a represent for another in a legal matter or pro"eeding# TR*A& &A'(ER ) a lawyer who spe"iali+es in defending "lients before a "ourt of law# ,RACT*C*N- &A'(ER ) a lawyer who gi%e noti"e or render any $ind of ser%i"e whi"h de%i"e or ser%i"e re.uires the use of any degree of legal $nowledge or s$ill# ATT/RNE(-AT-&A' ) a slightly fan"ier way of saying lawyer or attorney# ATT/RNE( *N 0ACT ) an attorney who may or may not be a lawyer who is gi%en written authority to a"t on another1s behalf espe"ially by a power of attorney# C/2N3E& DE /0*C*/ ) a "ounsel appointed by the "ourt from among su"h members of the bar in good standing who by reason of their e4perien"e and ability may ade.uately defend the a""used# C/2N3E& DE ,ARTE ) a lawyer or attorney engaged by a party to represent the latter in a "ase# ATT/RNE( /0 REC/RD - is a person pra"ti"ing law who has been appointed by a person or entity to represent them on the "ourt or legal pro"edures appear in the "ourt in behalf of a "lient sign the do"uments as attorney to the "lient et" and who has not been remo%ed or otherwise dis"ontinued at that time# /0 C/2N3E& ) is often the title of an attorney who is employed by a law firm or an organi+ation but is not an asso"iate or a partner# &EAD C/2N3E& - an attorney appro%ed by the "ourt to be responsible for o%erseeing all aspe"ts of the litigation for a party# H/23E C/2N3E& ) a lawyer employed by a business to wor$ in-house on its legal matters A5*C23 C2R*AE 6&at# friend of the "ourt7 - an ad%isor to the "ourt on some matter of law who is not a party to the "ase usually someone who wants to influen"e the out"ome of a lawsuit in%ol%ing matters of wide publi" interest#

A5*C23 C2R*AE BAR E8CE&&ENCE ) asso"iation of ami"us "uriae SELF EXECUTORY PROVISION - Anything (e.g., a do !"ent o# $egi%$ation& that i% e''e ti(e i""ediate$y )itho!t the need o' inte#(ening o!#t a tion, an i$$a#y $egi%$ation, o# othe# ty*e o' i"*$e"enting a tion. A constitutional provision is self-executing when it can be given effect without the aid of legislation, and there is nothing to indicate that legislation is intended to make it operative. For example, a constitutional provision that any municipality by vote of foursevenths of its qualified electors may issue and sell revenue bonds in order to pay for the cost of purchasing a municipally owned public utility is %e$'-e+e !ting and effective without a legislative enactment. Constitutional provisions are not self-executing if they merely set forth a line of policy or principles without supplying the means by which they are to be effectuated, or if the language of the constitution is directed to the legislature. As a result, a constitutional provision that the legislature shall direct by law in what manner and in what court suits may be brought against the state is not self-executing. ust as with constitutional provisions, statutes and court !udgments can be selfexecuting.