PRINCIPALES BASES DE DATOS DE SECUENCIAS DE DNA

DDBJ (http://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/index-e.html) DDBJ (DNA Data Bank of Japan) is one of the three summit databanks that construct DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank Internationa Nuc eotide !e"uence Database# throu$h c ose co aboration %ith EBI in Europe and N&BI in '!A( DDBJ is the so e DNA data bank in Japan# %hich is officia ) certified to co ect DNA se"uences from researchers and to issue the internationa ) reco$ni*ed accession number to data submitters( +e co ect data main ) from Japanese researchers# but of course accept data and issue the accession number to researchers in an) other countries( !ince %e e,chan$e the co ected data %ith EMBL/EBI and GenBank/N&BI on a dai ) basis# the three data banks share -irtua ) the same data at an) $i-en time. EMBL-Bank (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl) .he database is produced in an internationa co aboration %ith GenBank ('!A) and the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ)( Each of the three $roups co ects a portion of the tota se"uence data reported %or d%ide# and a ne% and updated database entries are e,chan$ed bet%een the $roups on a dai ) basis( .he EMBL Nuc eotide !e"uence Database (a so kno%n as EMBL/Bank) constitutes Europe0s primar) nuc eotide se"uence resource( Main sources for DNA and 1NA se"uences are direct submissions from indi-idua researchers# $enome se"uencin$ pro2ects and patent app ications( enBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g!"/Ent#e$/) GenBank is part of the Internationa Nuc eotide !e"uence Database &o aboration# %hich comprises the DNA DataBank of Japan (DDBJ)# the European Mo ecu ar Bio o$) Laborator) (EMBL)# and GenBank at N&BI( .hese three or$ani*ations e,chan$e data on a dai ) basis( GenBank3 is the NI4 $enetic se"uence database# an annotated co ection of a pub ic ) a-ai ab e DNA se"uences( .here are appro,imate ) 56#768#659#79: bases in 5;#56<#956 se"uence records in the traditiona GenBank di-isions and =>5#9<6#7<9#=:= bases in ;7#:<8#;>9 se"uence records in the +G! di-ision as of ?ebruar) ;>>5(

PRINCIPALES BASES DE DATOS DE TAXONOMA

%#ee !& Li&e 'eb (#!ject (http@//%%%(to %eb(or$/tree/ph) o$en)(htm ) .he .ree of Life +eb Aro2ect is a co ection of information about biodi-ersit) compi ed co aborati-e ) b) hundreds of e,pert and amateur contributors( Its $oa is to contain a pa$e %ith pictures# te,t# and other information for e-er) species and for each $roup of or$anisms# i-in$ or e,tinct( &onnections bet%een 1

.ree of Life %eb pa$es fo o% ph) o$enetic branchin$ patterns bet%een $roups of or$anisms# so -isitors can bro%se the hierarch) of ife and earn about ph) o$en) and e-o ution as %e as the characteristics of indi-idua $roups( )pecie* +,,, (http@//%%%(sp;>>>(or$) !pecies ;>>> (%%%(sp;>>>(or$) is an autonomous federation of ta,onomic database custodians# in-o -in$ ta,onomists throu$hout the %or d( Its $oa is to co ate a uniform and -a idated inde, to the %or d0s kno%n species( It is a not/ for/profit compan) imited b) $uarantee (re$istered in En$ and No( <:78:>6) %ith si, directors and ta,onomic database or$anisations from around the %or d as members( It is sponsored b) &BDA.A# I'B! and I'M!C is an associate participant in GBI?C and is reco$nised b) 'NEA and the &BD( .here are t%o re$iona pro$rammes@ !pecies ;>>> europa (sp;>>>europa(or$)# %orkin$ %ith $ oba and re$iona databases based in Europe and !pecies ;>>> Asia/ Bceania (%%%(sp;>>>ao(nies($o(2p) %orkin$ to promote ta,onom) and ta,onomic databasin$ in that re$ion( .he Ahase II Aro$ramme is estab ishin$ a number of re$iona /nationa hubs of %hich the European 4ub# the !pecies ;>>> &hina Node (%%%(sp;>>>(cn)# the Bra*i ian 4ub (E &ata o$o da Dida Bra*i ) and the N America 4ub are the first to appear(

PRINCIPALES BASES DE DATOS DE RNA

%he -./ '!#ld 'eb*ite (http@//%%%(imb/2ena(de/1NA(htm ) .his %eb resource ists Internet inks on 1NA re ated topics( 0) #ib!*!mal -./ Databa*e (http@//%%%(man(po*nan(p /6!Data/) 6! ribosoma 1NA is an inte$ra component of the ar$e subunit of a c)top asmic and most or$ane ar ribosomes( Its sma si*e and association %ith ribosoma as %e as non/ribosoma proteins made it an idea mode 1NA mo ecu e for studies of 1NA structure and 1NA/protein interactions( .he purpose of this database is to pro-ide information on nuc eotide se"uences of 6! r1NAs and their $enes( .he se"uences for particu ar or$anisms can be retrie-ed as sin$ e fi es usin$ a ta,onomic bro%ser or in mu tip e se"uence structura a i$nments( t-DB: %he en!mic t-./ Databa*e (http@//rna(%ust (edu/t1NAdb/)

.his $enomic t1NA database contains t1NA $ene predictions made b) the pro$ram t1NAscan/!E on comp ete or near ) comp ete $enomes( 'n ess other%ise noted# a annotation is automated# and has not been inspected for a$reement %ith pub ished iterature( )1L2/: 3!mp#ehen*i"e #ib!*!mal -./ databa*e* (http@//%%%(arb/si -a(de/)

A comprehensi-e on/ ine resource for "ua it) checked and a i$ned ribosoma 1NA se"uence data# free for academic use( !ILDA pro-ides comprehensi-e# "ua it) checked and re$u ar ) updated databases of a i$ned sma (=9!/=5!# !!') and ar$e subunit (;<!/;5!# L!') ribosoma 1NA (r1NA) se"uences for a three domains of ife (Bacteria# Archaea and Eukar)a)(

PRINCIPALES BASES DE DATOS DE PROTENAS

4.1-(-5% (http@//%%%(uniprot(or$) .he 'ni-ersa Arotein 1esource ('niArot) is a comprehensi-e resource for protein se"uence and annotation data( .he 'niArot databases are the 4ni(#!t 6n!wledgeba*e ('niArotEB)# the 4ni(#!t -e&e#ence 3lu*te#* ('ni1ef)# and the 4ni(#!t /#chi"e ('niAarc)( .he 'niArot Meta$enomic and En-ironmenta !e"uences ('niME!) database is a repositor) specifica ) de-e oped for meta$enomic and en-ironmenta data( 'niArot is a co aboration bet%een the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)# the !%iss Institute of Bioinformatics (!IB) and the Arotein Information 1esource (AI1)( Across the three institutes c ose to =6> peop e are in-o -ed throu$h different tasks such as database curation# soft%are de-e opment and support( 'nti a fe% )ears a$o# EBI and !IB to$ether produced !%iss/Arot and .rEMBL# %hi e AI1 produced the Arotein !e"uence Database (AI1/A!D)( .hese t%o data sets coe,isted %ith different protein se"uence co-era$e and annotation priorities( .rEMBL (.rans ated EMBL Nuc eotide !e"uence Data Librar)) %as ori$ina ) created because se"uence data %as bein$ $enerated at a pace that e,ceeded !%iss/Arot0s abi it) to keep up( Mean%hi e# AI1 maintained the AI1/ A!D and re ated databases# inc udin$ iAro& ass# a database of protein se"uences and curated fami ies( In ;>>; the three institutes decided to poo their resources and e,pertise and formed the 'niArot &onsortium( (1- - (#!tein 1n&!#mati!n -e*!u#ce (http@//pir($eor$eto%n(edu) .he Arotein Information 1esource (AI1)# in co aboration %ith the Munich Information &enter for Arotein !e"uences (MIA!) and the Japanese Internationa Arotein !e"uence Database (JIAID) maintains the AI1/ Internationa Arotein !e"uence Database / a comprehensi-e# annotated# and non/redundant set of protein se"uence databases in %hich entries are c assified into fami ) $roups and a i$nments of each $roup are a-ai ab e( (DB - %he (#!tein Data Bank (http@//%%%(rcsb(or$/pdb/) An internationa repositor) for the processin$ and distribution of </D macromo ecu ar structure data primari ) determined e,perimenta ) b) F/ra) cr)sta o$raph) and NM1( (MD (http@//pmd(ddb2(ni$(ac(2p/)

.he Arotein Mutant Database (AMD) co-ers natura as %e as artificia mutants# inc udin$ random and site/directed ones# for a proteins e,cept members of the $ obin and immuno$ obu in fami ies( .he AMD is based on iterature# not on proteins( .hat is# each entr) in the database corresponds to one artic e %hich ma) describe one# se-era or a number of protein mutants( 1nte#(#! (http@//%%%(ebi(ac(uk/interpro) InterAro is a database of protein fami ies# domains# re$ions# repeats and sites in %hich identifiab e features found in kno%n proteins can be app ied to ne% protein se"uences( InterAro =8(> is re eased and co-ers 79(;G of 'niArotEB# %ith ne% methods from Afam# AAN.4E1# Gene<D and !'AE1?AMILH( 3DD (http@//%%%(ncbi(n m(nih($o-/!tructure/cdd/cdd(shtm ) A &onser-ed Domain Database and !earch !er-ice( (&am (http@//pfam(san$er(ac(uk) Afam is a ar$e co ection of mu tip e se"uence a i$nments and hidden Markomode s co-erin$ man) common protein domains( Afam contains a i$nments and mode s for more than :>>> protein fami ies# based on the !%issprot and !A/.rEMBL protein se"uence databases( )M/-% (http@//smart(emb /heide ber$(de) !MA1. (a !imp e Modu ar Architecture 1esearch .oo ) a o%s the identification and annotation of $enetica ) mobi e domains and the ana )sis of domain architectures( More than 6>> domain fami ies found in si$na in$# e,trace u ar and chromatin/associated proteins are detectab e( .hese domains are e,tensi-e ) annotated %ith respect to ph) etic distributions# functiona c ass# tertiar) structures and functiona ) important residues( Each domain found in a non/redundant protein database as %e as search parameters and ta,onomic information are stored in a re ationa database s)stem( 'ser interfaces to this database a o% searches for proteins containin$ specific combinations of domains in defined ta,a( (-5)1%E (http@//%%%(e,pas)(or$/prosite/) A1B!I.E is a database of protein fami ies and domains( It consists of bio o$ica ) si$nificant sites# patterns and profi es that he p to re iab ) identif) to %hich kno%n protein fami ) (if an)) a ne% se"uence be on$s(

BASES DE DATOS DE ENZIMAS Y RUTAS METABLICAS

En$7me Databa*e - B-E.D/ (http@//%%%(brenda/en*)mes(info/)

B1ENDA is the main co ection of en*)me functiona data a-ai ab e to the scientific communit)( .he en*)mes are c assified accordin$ to the En*)me &ommission ist of en*)mes( !ome :>>> IdifferentJ en*)mes are co-ered( En$7me* and metab!lic pathwa7* (http@//i$%eb(inte$rated$enomics(com/MA+/) .he EMA Aro2ect# Inc( %as incorporated in =888 to pro-ide or$ani*ationa # e$a # and financia support for the EMA $roup pro2ects# such as En*)mes and Metabo ic Aath%a)s Database (EMA) and Metabo ic Aath%a)s Database (MA+)( EMA/MA+ is the most comprehensi-e sin$ e source of computeri*ed biochemica data a-ai ab e toda)( Moreo-er# this is a po%erfu too for metabo ic reconstruction and mode in$# unmatched in either academia or the $enomics industr)( Both databases are current ) used in a number of pub ic and commercia $enomics pro2ects( 6E : 67!t! Enc7cl!pedia !& (http@//%%%($enome(2p/ke$$/)) ene* and en!me*

A $rand cha en$e in the post/$enomic era is a comp ete computer representation of the ce # the or$anism# and the biosphere# %hich %i enab e computationa prediction of hi$her/ e-e comp e,it) of ce u ar processes and or$anism beha-iors from $enomic and mo ecu ar information( .o%ards this end %e ha-e been de-e opin$ a bioinformatics resource named EEGG as part of the research pro2ects of the Eanehisa Laboratories in the Bioinformatics &enter of E)oto 'ni-ersit) and the 4uman Genome &enter of the 'ni-ersit) of .ok)o( %he 4ni"e#*it7 !& Minne*!ta (http@//umbbd(msi(umn(edu/) Bi!catal7*i*/Bi!deg#adati!n Databa*e

.he 'ni-ersit) of Minnesota Biocata )sis/Biode$radation Database ('M/BBD) contains compound# en*)me# reaction and path%a) information for microbia catabo ism of primari ) anthropo$enic materia s( It has been a-ai ab e on the %eb for o-er => )ears# and has $ro%n from : to a most =6> path%a)s( As it starts its second decade# the 'M/BBD contains information on o-er 8>> compounds# o-er 9>> en*)mes# near ) =>>> reactions and about <6> microor$anism entries( A on$ %ith path%a) data# the 'M/BBD no% inc udes Biochemica Aeriodic .ab es and a Biode$radation Aath%a) Arediction !)stem (AA!)( Its Biochemica Aeriodic .ab es ha-e $ro%n to inc ude bio o$ica information for a most a stab e# non/nob e/$as e ements# and an KAbout the Biochemica Aeriodic .ab esL %eb pa$e has been created (http@//umbbd(ahc(umn(edu/periodic/)( .he AA! (http@//umbbd(ahc(umn(edu/predict/) is no% an internationa ) reco$ni*ed# open s)stem for predictin$ microbia catabo ism of or$anic compounds(

BASES DE DATOS DE ORGANISMOS MODELO

%he 5#gani*m Databa*e (http@//saf(bio(ca tech(edu/mode Mor$(htm ) .his pa$e contains inks to sin$ e or$anism databases( %1 - Databa*e (http@//%%%(ti$r(or$/db(shtm ) .IG10s Genome Aro2ects are a co ection of curated databases containin$ DNA and protein se"uence# $ene e,pression# ce u ar ro e# protein fami )# and ta,onomic data for microbes# p ants and humans( .he access to the data is faci itated b) .IG10s Internet hi$h/speed research net%ork connection %hich is supported in part b) the Nationa !cience ?oundation ('!A)( E*che#ichia c!li E. c!li en!me (#!ject (http@//%%%($enome(%isc(edu/)

4a-in$ se"uenced the E( co i E/=; $enome# %e no% maintain and update its annotation( +e are creatin$ a knockout of e-er) $ene# a c one of e-er) B1?# and an e,tensi-e $ene e,pression data set under a -ariet) of ph)sio o$ica conditions( .hese c ones and data sets are made a-ai ab e free ) to the communit)( +e ha-e a so se"uenced si, additiona enterobacteria strains %hich are patho$ens c ose ) re ated to E( co i E/=;# and man) p asmids( .he comparati-e $enomics aim of this effort is to characteri*e the $ene poo of hori*onta ) transferred e ements and -iru ence determinants kno%n as the pathosphere( 3)3: %he 3!li enetic )t!#e 3ente# (http@//c$sc(bio o$)()a e(edu/inde,(php)

.he &G!& Database of E( co i $enetic information inc udes $enot)pes and reference information for the strains in the &G!& co ection# the names# s)non)ms# properties# and map position for $enes# $ene product information# and information on specific mutations and references to primar) iterature( .he &G!& &o ection contains on ) non/patho$enic aborator) strains# primari ) $enetic deri-ati-es of Escherichia co i E/=;# the aborator) strain %ide ) used in $enetic and mo ecu ar studies( )accha#!m7ce* ce#e"i*eae ) D: )accha#!m7ce* en!me Databa*e (http@//%%%()east$enome(or$/)

!GD is an or$ani*ed co ection of $enetic and mo ecu ar bio o$ica information about !accharom)ces cere-isiae# bakers0 and bre%ers0 )east( It contains the se"uences of )east $enes and proteinsC descriptions and c assifications of their bio o$ica ro es# mo ecu ar functions# and subce u ar oca i*ationsC inks to iterature informationC inks to functiona $enomics datasetsC and too s for ana )sis and comparison of se"uences(

mip*38 D: mip* 3!mp#ehen*i"e 8ea*t (http@//mips($sf(de/$enre/pro2/)east/)

en!me Databa*e

.he MIA! &omprehensi-e Heast Genome Database (&HGD) aims to present information on the mo ecu ar structure and functiona net%ork of the entire ) se"uenced# %e /studied mode eukar)ote# the buddin$ )east !accharom)ces cere-isiae( In addition the data of -arious pro2ects on re ated )easts are used for comparati-e ana )sis( )3(D: %he (#!m!te# (http@//ru ai(csh (edu/!&AD/) Databa*e !& )accha#!m7ce* ce#e"i*iae

In order to faci itate a s)stematic stud) of the promoters and transcriptiona ) re$u ator) cis/e ements of the )east !accharom)ces cere-isiae on a $enomic sca e# %e ha-e de-e oped a comprehensi-e )east/specific promoter database# !&AD( &urrent ) !&AD contains 65> e,perimenta ) mapped transcription factor (.?) bindin$ sites and :;6 transcriptiona start sites (.!!) as its primar) data entries( It a so contains re e-ant bindin$ affinit) and e,pression data %here a-ai ab e( In addition to mechanisms for promoter information (inc udin$ se"uence) retrie-a and a data submission form# !&AD a so pro-ides some simp e but usefu too s for promoter se"uence ana )sis( 31/.5B/3%E-1/) 37an!Ba*e: %he en!me Databa*e &!# 37an!bacte#ia (http@//$enome(ka*usa(or(2p/c)anobase/) &)anobacteria carr) a comp ete set of $enes for o,)$enic photos)nthesis# %hich is the most fundamenta ife process on the earth( .his or$anism is a so interestin$ from an e-o utiona -ie%point# for it %as born in a -er) ancient a$e and has sur-i-ed in -arious en-ironments( &h orop ast is be ie-ed to ha-e e-o -ed from c)anobacteria ancestors %ho de-e oped an endos)mbiontic re ationship %ith a eukar)otic host ce ( &)anoBase pro-ides an eas) %a) of accessin$ the se"uences and a /inc usi-e annotation data on the structures of the c)anobacteria $enomes( /#abid!p*i* thaliana %1 - Databa*e /#abid!p*i* thaliana (http@//%%%(ti$r(or$/tdb/e;k=/ath=/) en!me (#!ject

.he .IG1 Arabidopsis tha iana Database pro-ides access to $enomic se"uence data and annotation $enerated at .IG1 and assemb ies of Arabidopsis E!.s from %or d/%ide se"uencin$ pro2ects( %/1-: %he /#abid!p*i* 1n&!#mati!n -e*!u#ce (http@//%%%(arabidopsis(or$/) .he Arabidopsis Information 1esource (.AI1) maintains a database of $enetic and mo ecu ar bio o$) data for the mode hi$her p ant Arabidopsis thaliana( Data a-ai ab e from .AI1 inc udes the comp ete $enome se"uence a on$ %ith 7

$ene structure# $ene product information# metabo ism# $ene e,pression# DNA and seed stocks# $enome maps# $enetic and ph)sica markers# pub ications# and information about the Arabidopsis research communit)( Gene product function data is updated e-er) t%o %eeks from the atest pub ished research iterature and communit) data submissions( Gene structures are updated =/; times per )ear usin$ computationa and manua methods as %e as communit) submissions of ne% and updated $enes( .AI1 a so pro-ides e,tensi-e inkouts from our data pa$es to other Arabidopsis resources( %-D./ Exp#e**: /#abid!p*i* gene mapping t!!l (http@//si$na (sa k(edu/c$i/ bin/tdnae,press) A comprehensi-e ist of ./DNA mutants of Arabidopsis a-ai ab e at different co ections( ((DB: %he (lant (#!te!me Databa*e (http@//ppdb(tc(corne (edu/) AADB is a A ant Aroteome DataBase for Arabidopsis tha iana and mai*e (Nea ma)s)( Initia ) AADB %as dedicated to p ant p astids# but has no% e,panded to the %ho e p ant proteome O hence it %as renamed from A astid ADB to A ant ADB in No-ember ;>>7 .he AADB stores e,perimenta data from in/house proteome and mass spectrometr) ana )sis# curated information about protein function# protein properties and subce u ar oca i*ation( Important )# proteins are particu ar ) curated for possib e (intra) p astid ocation and their p astid function( Arotein accessions identified in pub ished Arabidopsis (and other Brassicacea) proteomics papers are cross/referenced to rapid ) determine pre-ious e,perimenta identification b) mass spectrometr)( 5t#!* !#gani*m!*: 13%2dB: %he 4ni"e#*al 2i#u* Databa*e !& the 1nte#nati!nal 3!mmittee !n %ax!n!m7 !& 2i#u*e* (http@//%%%(ncbi(n m(nih($o-/I&.Ddb/) .he 'ni-ersa Dirus Database# I&.DdB# is authorised b) I&.D (Internationa &ommittee on .a,onom) of Diruses)( .he director) of I&.DdB is an Inde, of Diruses# a ist of appro-ed -irus names inked to -irus descriptions coded from information in Dirus .a,onom)# and inc udes updates subse"uent ) appro-ed b) I&.D( It a so incorporates the p ant -irus database DIDEdB and is i ustrated %ith EM pictures# dia$rams and ima$es of s)mptoms contributed b) -iro o$ists around the %or d( 97pe#3LDB (http@//%%%(biotech(ist(uni$e(it/c db/inde,es(htm ) 4)per&LDB is a h)perte,t on ce cu ture a-ai abi it) e,tracted from the &e Line Data Base of the Inter ab Aro2ect( It inc udes inks to records of BMIM# the Bn ine Mende ian Inheritance in Man &ata o$ue# and no% a so inks to the AubMed# database of bib io$raphic biomedica references# %hich are dra%n primari ) from MEDLINE and A1EMEDLINE(

BASES DE DATOS DE PATENTES

Japane*e (atent 5&&ice (J(5) (http@//%%%(2po($o(2p/) .he aim of industria propert) (IA) s)stem ($enera term for patent# uti it) mode # desi$n# and trademark s)stems) is to contribute to the nation0s industria de-e opment throu$h ade"uate protection and effecti-e uti i*ation of in-entions and other forms of inte ectua creations( .o he p promote science and techno o$)# the IA s)stem is e,pected to p a) an increasin$ ) important ro e in Japan in the ;=st centur)( .he Japan Aatent Bffice (JAB) consists of the Genera Affairs Department# the E,amination Department# the Appea s Department# and other sections and departments( .he main functions of these departments inc udeC =) $rantin$ ade"uate ri$hts for patents# etc(# ;) draftin$ p ans for IA po icies# <) internationa e,chan$e and cooperation# :) re-ie% of the IA s)stem# and 6) dissemination of information on IA( .hese functions pro-ide for the positi-e ad-ancement of industria de-e opment( 4nited )tate* (atent and %#adema#k 5&&ice (4)(%5) (http@//%%%(uspto($o-/) .he '!A.B has e-o -ed into a uni"ue $o-ernment a$enc)( !ince =88=//under the Bmnibus Bud$et 1econci iation Act (BB1A) of =88>//the a$enc) has been fu ) fee funded( .he primar) ser-ices the a$enc) pro-ides inc ude processin$ patent and trademark app ications and disseminatin$ patent and trademark information( .hrou$h the issuance of patents# the '!A.B encoura$es techno o$ica ad-ancement b) pro-idin$ incenti-es to in-ent# in-est in# and disc ose ne% techno o$) %or d%ide( .hrou$h the re$istration of trademarks# the a$enc) assists businesses in protectin$ their in-estments# promotin$ $oods and ser-ices# and safe$uardin$ consumers a$ainst confusion and deception in the marketp ace( B) disseminatin$ both patent and trademark information# the '!A.B promotes an understandin$ of inte ectua propert) protection and faci itates the de-e opment and sharin$ of ne% techno o$ies %or d%ide( Eu#!pean (atent 5&&ice (E(5) (http@//%%%(epo(or$/) .he European Aatent Bffice (EAB) pro-ides a uniform app ication procedure for indi-idua in-entors and companies seekin$ patent protection in up to <5 European countries( It is the e,ecuti-e arm of the European Aatent Br$anisation and is super-ised b) the Administrati-e &ounci ( !!gle (atent )ea#ch (http@//%%%($oo$ e(com/patents) +ith Goo$ e Aatent !earch# )ou can no% search the fu te,t of the '(!( patent corpus and find patents that interest )ou( A patents a-ai ab e throu$h Goo$ e Aatent !earch come from the 'nited !tates Aatent and .rademark Bffice ('!A.B)( Aatents issued in the 'nited !tates are pub ic domain $o-ernment information# and ima$es of the entire database of '(!( patents are readi )

a-ai ab e on ine -ia the '!A.B %ebsite( Internationa Aatents are not co-ered b) this pa$e( (atent)c!pe: )ea#ch 1nte#nati!nal (atent /pplicati!n* (http@//%%%(%ipo(int/pctdb/en/) AA.EN.!&BAE3 !earch !er-ice enab es )ou to do fu /te,t search in o-er =(9 mi ion pub ished internationa patent app ications from the first pub ication in =875(

ON-LINE ANALYSIS TOOLS

BL/)% (http@//b ast(ncbi(n m(nih($o-/B ast(c$i) .he BLA!. (Basic Loca A i$nment !earch .oo ) finds re$ions of oca simi arit) bet%een se"uences( .he pro$ram compares nuc eotide or protein se"uences to se"uence databases and ca cu ates the statistica si$nificance of matches( BLA!. can be used to infer functiona and e-o utionar) re ationships bet%een se"uences as %e as he p identif) members of $ene fami ies( 3lu*tal'+ (http@//npsa/pbi (ibcp(fr/c$i/bin/npsaMautomat(p P pa$eQ/NA!A/npsaMc usta %(htm ) & usta +; is a $enera purpose mu tip e se"uence a i$nment pro$ram for DNA or proteins( It produces bio o$ica ) meanin$fu mu tip e se"uence a i$nments of di-er$ent se"uences( It ca cu ates the best match for the se ected se"uences# and ines them up so that the identities# simi arities and differences can be seen( E-o utionar) re ationships can be seen -ia -ie%in$ & ado$rams or Ah) o$rams Ex(/)7 M!lecula# Bi!l!g7 )e#"e# (http@//%%%(e,pas)(ch/) .his is the E,AA!) (E,pert Arotein Ana )sis !)stem) proteomics ser-er of the !%iss Institute of Bioinformatics (!IB)( .his ser-er is dedicated to the ana )sis of protein se"uences and structures as %e as ;/D AAGE(

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(h7l!gen7.&# -!bu*t (h7l!genetic /nal7*i* :!# %he .!n-)peciali*t (http@//%%%(ph) o$en)(fr/-ersion;Mc$i/inde,(c$i) Ah) o$en)(fr is a free# simp e to use %eb ser-ice dedicated to reconstructin$ and ana )sin$ ph) o$enetic re ationships bet%een mo ecu ar se"uences( Ah) o$en)(fr runs and connects -arious bioinformatics pro$rams to reconstruct a robust ph) o$enetic tree from a set of se"uences( (DB*um (http@//%%%(ebi(ac(uk/thornton/sr-/databases/pdbsum/) ADBsum pro-ides an at/a/$ ance o-er-ie% of e-er) macromo ecu ar structure deposited in the Arotein Data Bank (ADB)# $i-in$ schematic dia$rams of the mo ecu es in each structure and of the interactions bet%een them( 3!d!n 4*age Databa*e (http@//%%%(ka*usa(or(2p/codon/) 11

&odon 'sa$e Database compi ed from &'.G (&odon 'sa$e .abu ated from GenBank)( -EB/)E (http@//rebase(neb(com/rebase/rebase(htm ) .he 1estriction En*)me Database is a co ection of information about restriction en*)mes and re ated proteins( It contains references# reco$nition and c ea-a$e sites# isoschi*omers# commercia a-ai abi it)# meth) ation sensiti-it)# cr)sta and se"uence data( DNA meth) transferases# homin$ endonuc eases# nickin$ en*)mes# specificit) subunits and contro proteins are a so inc uded( Most recent )# putati-e DNA meth) transferases and restriction en*)mes are a so isted( SITIOS DE BSQUEDA DE PROTOCOLOS M!lecula# 3l!ning: / Lab!#at!#7 Manual (http@//%%%(csh press(com/defau t(tp P cartQ=;<8>6;6;;:6<5;:=;Rfrom inkQ.R inkactionQfu R inksortb)QoopMtit eR// e"!E'datar"Q;=Sdescription) .his is the on ) manua that e,p ains ho% to achie-e success in c onin$ and pro-ides a %ea th of information about %h) techni"ues %ork# ho% the) %ere first de-e oped# and ho% the) ha-e e-o -ed( It pro-ides the user %ith detai ed information about the characteristics of rea$ents# supp ies and kits from -arious manufacturersOa of %hich is important in our a$e of 0kit science0( .he authors point out the pros and cons in-o -ed in usin$ such rea$ents and kits# and recommend them at times (e($( for cDNA s)nthesis and ibrar) construction)# but stress caution in others (e($( s%itchin$ to nonOradioacti-e detection methods)( Arotoco s are inc uded e-en %hen kits are su$$ested# so users can be a%are of the traditiona methods that accomp ish the same tasks( B1521)/..E% (#!t!c!l (http@//bio-isa(net/protoco /protoco Minde,(php<) &omp etTsima co ecciUn de en aces a pV$inas de Bio o$Ta# c asificados por cate$orTas( Bi!techni;ue*: M!lecula# Bi!l!g7 %echni;ue* :!#um (http@//mo ecu arbio o$)(forums(biotechni"ues(com/forums/inde,(php) +e come to the Bio.echni"ues3 Mo ecu ar Bio o$) ?orums# a science/based bu etin board for techni"ues# tips# and "uestions concernin$ mo ecu ar bio o$)# ce bio o$)# microscop)# and bioinformatics 3u##ent (#!t!c!l* (http@//%%%(currentprotoco s(com/) &urrent Arotoco s is the ar$est co ection of authoritati-e and re$u ar )/updated step/b)/step research techni"ues and procedures a-ai ab e( +ith o-er ;> )ears of e,perience and o-er ==#6>> protoco s# as %e as e,pert Editoria Boards and a "ua ified in/house scientific editoria staff# &urrent Arotoco s is the eadin$ source of hi$h/"ua it) protoco s for ife scientists %or d%ide(

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E 9ealthca#e (#!tein (u#i&icati!n 9andb!!k* (http@//%%%6($e ifesciences(com/aptri,/upp>>8=8(nsf/&ontent/Lab!epM.echDoc ;WhandbMpp r) Manua es de GE 4ea thcare de purificaciUn de proteTnas ) de as diferentes tXcnicas de cromato$rafTa( (#!t!c!l 5nline: 8!u# lab<* #e&e#ente b!!k (http@//%%%(protoco /on ine(or$/) Database of research protoco s in bioscience inc udin$ mo ecu ar bio o$)# ce bio o$)# immuno o$)# p ant bio o$)# de-e opmenta bio o$)# neuroscienceY

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