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Santa Ana vs. Commercial Union (1930) Facts: 1. In 1923, Sta.

Ana built his house in Pasig and insured it against fire for (1) P3,000 to Phoenix Assurance o!"an# and (2) P$,000 to %uardian Assurance o!"an#, &i!ited, for a "eriod of one #ear. 2. In 'o(e!ber 192), Santa Ana !ortgaged this house to %arcia for P),000, for a "eriod of t*o #ears, the contract being dra*n u" as a retro sale for the su! of P),000. +he 2 "olicies *ere endorsed to %arcia. 3. In ,ece!ber 192), Santa Ana reinsured said house *ith the defendant co!"anies, the %lobe and -utgers .ire Insurance o!"an# of 'e* /or0, and the o!!ercial 1nion Assurance o!"an# &i!ited of &ondon, through their co!!o n agent dul# authori2ed to re"resent the! in the Phili""ine Islands, the Pacific o!!ercial o!"an# *hich *as to be effecti(e for one #ear. 3. 4n Se"te!ber 20, 192$, Santa Ana too0 out another insurance "olic# on the house in 5uestion for P$,000 in the 6.ili"inas, o!"ania de Seguros, *hich issued the one7#ear "olic# u"on recei(ing fro! Sta. Ana "re!iu! thereon. ). +*el(e hours before the ex"iration of the "olicies issued b# the Phoenix Assurance o!"an# and the %uardian Assurance o!"an#, &i!ited for P3,000 and P$,000 res"ecti(el#, the entire house *as burned. $. Santa Ana ga(e notice in due ti!e of the loss to each and e(er# one of the co!"anies in *hich he had insured the house and de!anded "a#!ent of the res"ecti(e "olicies. 8. +he insurance co!"anies refused "a#!ent on the ground that the clai! of P21,000 filed b# hi! *as fraudulent, being in excess of the real (alue of the insured "ro"ert#9 that none of said companies had been informed of the e istence of the other policies in the other companies! and that the fire *as intentional. :. Sta. Ana filed ci(il cases in -+ against +he o!!ercial 1nion Assurance o!"an#, &i!ited in case 'o. 312$39 the %lobe and -utgers .ire Insurance o!"an# of 'e* /or0 in case 'o. 312$39 and the Phoenix Assurance o!"an#, &i!ited, the %uardian Assurance o!"an#, &i!ited, and the 6.ili"inas, o!"ania de Seguros6, incase 'o. 31322. All the defendants are absol(ed in their alleged liabilities b# the -+ . ;ence this "etition. "SSU#:Can the ins$red claim a%ainst the ins$rance companies& '#(): *+. <ithout deciding *hether notice of other insurance u"on the sa!e "ro"ert# !ust be gi(en in *riting, or *hether a (erbal notice is sufficient to render an insurance (alid *hich re5uires such notice, *hether oral or *ritten, the S held that in the absolute absence of such notice *hen it is one of the conditions s"ecified in the fire insurance "olic#, the "olic# is null and (oid. Since the "olic# is null and (oid, "laintiff cannot reco(er fro! the defendants insurance co!"anies. +he S u"held the finding of the trial court that the "olicies "ro(ide that no other insurance should be ad!itted u"on the "ro"ert# thereb# assured *ithout the consent of said co!"anies dul# gi(en b# endorse!ent.

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