An external factor is something that is an outwards person or feeling that contributed to the over all result.

Shakespeare presents many external factors to change the course of the play, which also in tails changing the tragic hero to show his flaw by the end of the piece. At the beginning the main character's (Othello) attribute's have all positive connotations; He is an general serving in the Venetian state and is a respected ,honourable and loyal back man who is ironically in love with Desdemona( the senators daughter), Due to everyone's surprise Desdemona and Othello get married in secret and inflict on the violent unravelling of a twisted plot set down by a jealous manipulative character (iago), that ends up with the death of 3 characters and a denowent, over the course of 3 days. Iago, he is the villain in all of this and in many ways responsible for the downfall of Othello. Shakespeare purposely portrays the character of iago from the start as a pivotal character hence outlining his motive clearly ; even the stage craft in which he uses to position this character revels his manipulative ways-every time Iago and Othello are scheming iago is always standing next to Othello's ear or just out of sight, this it self is an external factor trying to act as an internal factor, because Othello is never looking directly at iago when he speaking so its as if iago is an voice inside Othello's head by positioning him into Othello's ear, making the illusion that Othello is coming up with the scheme by him self. a significant moment is also alluded to the audience foreshowing what is to come; This is where iago utters" in a personal suit to make he his lieutenant... I know my price" By doing this Shakespeare has clearly used dramatic irony adding an air of mystery to the start of the play as well as an external factor of the feeling to Othello that everyone else knows more than he does. the characterization of this certain part revels him as a unnatural catalyse in my option, so when he is over looked for

a promotion; this starts iago's reaction and his grievance as iago thinks he is more worthy of the job than a man who has never" set a squadron in the field" and hence motivating this peak peripateria that turns everything. it's obvious why Iago wants vengeances therefore Shakespeare positions him as the antagonist in the pursuit giving him an huge impact in Othello's mental state, and allowing the tragic hero a part to appealing to the heart strings of a contemporary audience due to the fact at the period of the play the heritage from black descended was not equal to the one from white. Shakespeare uses this as a clear juxtaposition which is shown in the play- the opposition of black and white imagery that runs throughout the play, setting aside Othello from his pear sand successfully dehumanising him as well. so when iago refers to Othello as the' moor' he has identified Othello's weakness and uses it to an advantage the moor is a stereotype used in the time and an external factor. another theme to this play is jealousy which runs thought the deception. for instant when Shakespeare uses stage craft for an upper hand so that iago talks aside to the audience. where he says " with as little a web... fly as cassio" this shows jealousy at the purest and an extended metaphor because he has plotted to turn cassio against Othello, as well as using sarcasm of 'great' to suggest envy on iago's part as Cassio got promoted above him . however some people would suggest that Shakespeare tries to guide the audience to the conclusion that Iago is a misogyny and in love with Othello hence why he would do all these things to tarnish any of Othello's relationships as he cant express his love. but its only as a modern day audience member I would pick up on the trail because in Elizabethan times it was nearly un common to hear of homosexuals and therefore an unusual response. Shakespeare deliberately tries to entices us into his ironic and humorous way in which to think- evidence of this is when Othello needs to leave Venice and entrust his wife over to Iago. " a man he is of honestly and trust ... I assign my life". which shows a deliberate use of language to show pathetic irony. Iago's deceptive nature is highlighted to several times in the plot, demonstrating his true colours while using musical

lexical words to refer to his part on the disaster and calling it his 'medicine' this tells the audience that he is fully conscious of his choices, as well that he is making all the characters come round to his way in thinking, dosing them up to his plan and letting it unfold. Iago uses his ability and skills of understanding and reading people to manipulate them for his own pleasure . His nature is evident through out the play with character changing circumstances the second central character is BrabaRTIO WHO IS A SENTOR AND Desdemona's father as well as a product of Shakespearian time and has a racist attitude; so when Brabartio is told about Desdemona and Othello's marriage he is frustrated at Othello, hence revelling his hypiocrical waysOthello is good enough to be Brabtiantio's general but not good enough to marry Desdemona , showing in plain sight the views and attitudes of the time. Shakespeare pursuits the fact that the character Othello is insecure about getting married to Desdemona and how he allured her there for introduces these external factors to play on his mind. thus when Brabartio says that he should watch his wife it eats away at the already insecure character of Othello. This downfall of Othello can be pin pointed; his many weaknesses make him jealous and over time obsessive. Othello sees him self as an outside looking in, prone to the feeling that he doesn't fit in to the Venetian society and accordingly a long way from home and the norms and laws a society brings and hence his biggest downfall and external factor is him self. one in which its hard to get away from, bringing him from an a high honourable man to one which has blood on his hand and in fact a murderer.