1997 Rules on Civil Procedure 2001 Edition

Rule 41 APPEAL FROM THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS Majority of the important rules are found here in Rule 41.

Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

Section 1. Subject of appeal. An appeal ma !e ta"en #$om a %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ t(at completel &i)po)e) o# t(e ca)e* o$ o# a pa$ticula$ matte$ t(e$ein +(en &ecla$e& ! t(e)e Rule) to !e appeala!le. No appeal ma !e ta"en #$om, -a. An o$&e$ &en in' a motion #o$ ne+ t$ial o$ $econ)i&e$ation/ -!. An o$&e$ &en in' a petition #o$ $elie# o$ an )imila$ motion )ee"in' $elie# #$om %u&'ment/ -c. An inte$locuto$ o$&e$/ -&. An o$&e$ &i)allo+in' o$ &i)mi))in' an appeal/ -e. An o$&e$ &en in' a motion to )et a)i&e a %u&'ment ! con)ent* con#e))ion o$ comp$omi)e on t(e '$oun& o# #$au&* mi)ta"e o$ &u$e))* o$ an ot(e$ '$oun& 0itiatin' con)ent/ -#. An o$&e$ o# e1ecution/ -'. A %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ #o$ o$ a'ain)t one o$ mo$e o# )e0e$al pa$tie) o$ in )epa$ate claim)* counte$claim)* c$o))2claim) an& t(i$&2pa$t complaint)* +(ile t(e main ca)e i) pen&in'* unle)) t(e cou$t allo+) an appeal t(e$e#$om/ an& -(. An o$&e$ &i)mi))in' an action +it(out p$e%u&ice. In all t(e a!o0e in)tance) +(e$e t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ i) not appeala!le* t(e a''$ie0e& pa$t ma #ile an app$op$iate )pecial ci0il action un&e$ Rule 34. -n. Q: What orders or judgment are subject to appeal ? A: nly FINAL judgments or orders can be appealed as distinguished from interlocutory judgments or orders !paragraph "c#$%hich are not appealable. FINAL JUDGMENT OR ORDERS&the term final has t%o !'$ possible meanings in (i)il *rocedure: "1# +he judgment is final in the sense that it is already e,ecutory and that happens if there is no appeal. And that is for purposes of applying Rule -. on e,ecution. "'# +he judgment is final in the sense that it is not merely interlocutory and this is for the purpose of applying the la% on appeal under Rule 41. /n other %ords0 a final order or judgment !for purposes of appeal$ is one %hich is not merely interlocutory in the sense that it completely disposes of the case or a particular matter therein %here there is nothing more for the court to do after its rendition. !1airan )s. +an 2ui 3ay0 341.4560 7ec. '80 1.55$ Q: What is the definition of a final judgment or for purpose of appeal? A: A judgment or order is final if it disposes of the pending action so that nothing more can be done in the trial court %ith respect to its merits. !2ala9ar )s. 7e +orres0 :8 .;. 1<1-0 =eb. '50 1.5'> 1airan )s. +an 2ui 3ay0 341.4560 7ec. '80 1.55$ Q: n the other hand0 %hat is an interlocutory judgment or order? A: An interlocutory order is something %hich does not completely dispose of the action and there is still something for the court to do after its rendition. ! lsen ? (o. )s. lsen0 48 *hil. '-8> Restauro )s. =abrica0 86 *hil. <5'$ Actually0 the la% does not prohibit a party from appealing an interlocutory judgment or order0 only you cannot appeal immediately. !Abesamis )s. ;arcia0 .8 *hil. <5'$ Q: What is the te!t for determining %hether a judgment or order is final or interlocutory? A: +he test for the determination of %hether a judgment or order is final or interlocutory is this: Doe! it lea"e !o#et$in% to be &one in t$e t'ial cou't (it$ 'e!pect to t$e #e'it! of t$e ca!e) /f it does0 it is interlocutory0 hence0 you cannot appeal yet> if it does not0 it is final and therefore you can appeal. !Reyes )s. 7e 3eon0 34-<'60 @une '40 1.:'$

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

2o you must Ano% the meanings of the %ord BfinalC in ci)il procedure to a)oid confusion. A good e,ample is 2ection '6 of Rule - %here the %ord BfinalC %as first mentioned: Rule 5* Sec. 67. Action on cont'actual #one* clai#! . 2 8(en t(e action i) #o$ $eco0e$ o# mone a$i)in' #$om cont$act* e1p$e)) o$ implie&* an& t(e &e#en&ant &ie) before entry of final judgment in t(e cou$t in +(ic( t(e action +a) pen&in' at t(e time o# )uc( &eat(* it )(all not !e &i)mi))e& !ut )(all in)tea& !e allo+e& to continue until ent$ o# #inal %u&'ment. A #a0o$a!le %u&'ment o!taine& ! t(e plainti## t(e$ein )(all !e en#o$ce& in t(e manne$ e)peciall p$o0i&e& in t(e)e Rule) #o$ p$o)ecutin' claim) a'ain)t t(e e)tate o# a &ecea)e& pe$)on. -61a. +he %ord final here in 2ection '6 refers to the second meaning that the judgment is final in the sense that it is not merely interlocutory 1AR QDE2+/ F: *laintiff "!. 7efendant. 7efendant file a motion to dismiss under Rule 15. +he court granted the motion and conseGuently ordered the dismissal of the complaint of the plaintiff. (an the plaintiff appeal from the order dismissing his complaint? A: We %ill apply the test: I! t$e'e an*t$in% #o'e fo' t$e cou't to &o afte' i!!uin% t$e o'&e' of &i!#i!!al) Wala naH "A%anenH# Ano pa ba ang gaga%in eh na4dismiss na nga ehH +herefore0 the order of dismissal is a final order I it has completely disposed of the case I hence0 the plaintiff can appeal. *R 13EM: 3etCs modify the problem: *laintiff )s. 7efendant. 7efendant file a motion to dismiss under Rule 15. +he court denied the motion to dismiss. (an the defendant appeal from the order of the court denying his motion to dismiss? A: Again0 %e %ill apply the test: I! t$e'e an*t$in% #o'e fo' t$e cou't to &o afte' &en*in% t$e #otion to &i!#i!! of t$e &efen&ant) Jes because after the court denies such motion0 the defendant %ill no% file his ans%er0 then there %ill be pre4trial0 trial0 judgment. Meaning0 after denying the motion to dismiss0 may trabaho pa aAo. +herefore0 the order denying the motion to dismiss is interlocutory0 hence the defendant cannot appeal. Q: 2o ho% do you appeal from an interlocutory order? A: +he procedure if there is an order %hich is against you but it is not appealable0 you ha)e to %ait. +he case is to be tried and then you ha)e to %ait for the final judgment to be rendered and if you are dissatisfied %ith the judgment0 that is the time you appeal from the said judgment together %ith the interlocutory orders issued in the course of the proceeding. !Mapua )s. 2uburban +heaters0 /nc.0 81 *hil. -11$ 2o there should only be one appeal form that case. +hatCs %hy0 as a general rule0 the la% on (i)il *rocedure prohibits more that one appeal in one ci)il action. +he 'ea!on! %hy interlocutory orders are not appealable are to a)oid multiple appeals in one ci)il case since the order is interlocutory an& the court still continues to try the case in the course of the proceeding0 the court %ill reali9e its error and the court may change its order so it %ill be gi)en an opportunity to corrects its o%n mistaAe. !Manila Elec. (o. )s. Artiaga0 :6 *hil. 14<$ +aAe note of the ne% rule saying that a judgment or order is final if it disposes of the case or of a *AR+/(D3AR MA++ER. 2o0 it is not necessarily the %hole case. /n the case of 7AJ )s. R+( !1.1 2(RA 546$0 a case filed by A against 10 K filed a motion to inter)ene and it %as denied. (an K appeal the denial? Fo%0 it %ould seem that the order is interlocutory because the court0 after denying the motion to inter)ene0 still has something to do since the case bet%een A and 1 %ill continue. 1ut according to the 2(0 JE20 K can appeal because the order denying the motion to inter)ene is final. 1ut is it not true that the court has something to do after denying such motion? Jes but %hat the 2( is trying saying is that0 as far as KCs right is concerned0 the court has nothing to do anymore. Marami pa aAong trabaho dito !case bet%een A and 1$0 pero Aay K %ala na. +hat is %hy the order denying the motion to inter)ene is a final order and is appealable. Laya nga the test that there is nothing more for the court to do is )ery confusing. /n other %ords0 you di)ide the case into parts.

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9A: "!. RTC OF ;AM<OANGA CIT: 1=1 SCRA 347

Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

HEL9: MAn order %hich decides an issue or issues in a complaint is final and appealable0 although the other issue or issues ha)e not been resol)ed0 if the latter issues are distinct and separate from the others.N REPU<LIC "!. TACLO<AN CIT: ICE PLANT 64> SCRA 144 ?1==3@ HEL9: MA court order is final in character if it puts an end to the particular matter resol)ed or settles definitely the matter therein disposed of0 such that no further Guestions can come before the court e,cept the e,ecution of the order. 2uch an order or judgment may )alidly refer to the entire contro)ersy or to some definite and separate branch thereof.N 2o the opening paragraph of 2ection 1 is in accordance %ith the 7AJ and +A(3 1AF cases. /n other %ords0 either the %hole case is disposed of or a particular matter therein has been disposed of. Q: /f / cannot appeal because 2ection 1 of Rule 41 prohibits an appeal0 is there a %ay of hastening the issue before the appellate court in order to a)oid the %aste of time and effort and money of entering into a trial %hich is null and )oid because of lacA of jurisdiction? A: +he ans%er is the last paragraph of 2ection 1: In all t(e a!o0e in)tance) +(e$e t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ i) not appeala!le* t(e a''$ie0e& pa$t ma #ile an app$op$iate )pecial ci0il action un&e$ Rule 34. -n. 2o if appeal is not a)ailable0 the correct remedy is an appropriate special ci)il action under Rule 5:. +here are three ci)il actions there: (ertiorari0 *rohibition0 Mandamus. +he present Rule 41 tells us e,actly %hat orders cannot be appealed: -a. An o$&e$ &en in' a motion #o$ ne+ t$ial o$ $econ)i&e$ation/ 2o %hen a motion for ne% trial or reconsideration is denied0 there is no appeal from that order. Jour remedy is you appeal from the judgment0 not from the order denying your motion for ne% trial or reconsideration. +hat is found on Rule -<0 2ection .: Section =. Re#e&* a%ain!t o'&e' &en*in% a #otion fo' ne( t'ial o' 'econ!i&e'ation.+ An o$&e$ &en in' a motion #o$ ne+ t$ial o$ $econ)i&e$ation i) not appeala!le* t(e $eme& !ein' an appeal #$om t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$. 2o the correct remedy is in Rule -< I you appeal from the judgment0 not from the order denying the motion for ne% trial or reconsideration. -!. An o$&e$ &en in' a petition #o$ $elie# o$ an %u&'ment/ )imila$ motion )ee"in' $elie# #$om

*aragraph "b# has changed some decided cases in the past. 1efore0 an order granting a petition for relief is interlocutory but an order denying a petition for relief is final. F W0 %ala na yanH Whether it is an order granting or denying a petition for relief0 you cannot appeal. 2o %hat is remedy for such paragraph of 2ection 1. order? ;o %ith special ci)il action under Rule 5: as pro)ided in the last

;i)e an e,ample of an order denying a motion other than a petition for relief: motion for ne% trial. 2o it is not appealable.

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

2uppose / am declared in default0 can / appeal from a 7E=AD3+ @D7;MEF+ ? +he 1.54 rules says0 yes. Jou notice that such pro)ision is lost. +here is no more direct pro)ision on that. 1ut still0 it is appealable. +he pro)ision in the old rules is not necessary. +here is nothing in paragraphs "a# to "h# prohibiting an appeal from a default judgment. 2o it falls under the general rule. Q: Oo% about the order to 3/=+ the order of default? 2uppose you file a motion to set aside the judgment of default and motion is denied0 can you appeal? A: F 0 because the la% says0 an order denying any similar motion seeAing relief from judgment cannot be appealed. As a matter of fact0 the 1..: case of MAF/3A E3E(+R/( ( M*AFJ "!. (AM*AFA = 7 *R 7D(+2 !'45 2(RA <<$0 there is no such remedy as a motion to set aside an order of default but there is no pro)ision in the rules to set aside a judgment of default. +he correct remedy is to appeal from the judgment of default not to set aside. And that is clear. +he default judgment is appealable. -&. An o$&e$ &i)allo+in' o$ &i)mi))in' an appeal/ 2o0 if an appeal is dismissed0 you cannot appeal from the order dismissing it. What is the remedy? +he 1.54 rules pro)ides for the remedy of mandamus. +hat is a direct pro)ision because if the appeal is on time 0 the duty of the court to grant due course to the appeal is ministerial. +here is no more such pro)ision in the present rules because it is already pro)ided in the last paragraph. Another possible remedy %here an appeal is allo%ed aside from the mandamus is if / lost my right to appeal because of fraud0 mistaAe accident and ine,cusable negligence0 the other possible remedy is a petition for relief from judgment denying my appeal and that is found in Rule -80 2ection ': Rule 5>* Sec. 6. ,etition fo' 'elief f'o# &enial of appeal. 8(en a %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ i) $en&e$e& ! an cou$t in a ca)e* an& a pa$t t(e$eto* ! #$au&* acci&ent* mi)ta"e* o$ e1cu)a!le ne'li'ence* (a) !een p$e0ente& #$om ta"in' an appeal* (e ma #ile a petition in )uc( cou$t an& in t(e )ame ca)e p$a in' t(at t(e appeal !e 'i0en &ue cou$)e. -1a. 2o0 aside from the remedy under Rule 5:0 the other possible remedy is a petition for relief from the order denying the appeal. -e. An o$&e$ &en in' a motion to )et a)i&e a %u&'ment ! con)ent* con#e))ion o$ comp$omi)e on t(e '$oun& o# #$au&* mi)ta"e o$ &u$e))* o$ an ot(e$ '$oun& 0itiatin' con)ent/ *R 13EM: 2o there is a judgement by consent -co%no"it ju&%#ent. and the motion to set aside such judgment is denied. +he order of denial is not appealable. 2o again0 there is judgement by confession or compromise and then you file a motion to set aside the judgement of compromise on the ground of fraud0 mistaAe or duress or any other ground. Motion deniedH Q: (an you appeal? A: F . !paragraph "e#$ Q: 2o %hat is my remedy? A: Jou file a separate case for annulment for such judgment !Rule 4<$. /n the case of 9OMINGO "!. COURT OF APPEALS 644 SCRA 1>= ?1==3@ HEL9: +he correct remedy is for the party to file an action for annulment of judgment before the (ourt of Appeals pursuant to 2ection .0 par. '0 of the @udiciary 3a%. MA compromise may ho%e)er be disturbed and set aside for )ices of consent or forgery. Oence0 %here an aggrie)ed party alleges mistaAe0 fraud0 )iolence0 intimidation0 undue influence0 or falsity in the e,ecution of the compromise embodied in a judgment0 an action to annul it should be brought before the (ourt of Appeals0 in accordance %ith 2ection .!'$ of 1atas *ambansa 1ilang 1'.0 %hich

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

gi)es that court !(A$ e,clusi)e original jurisdiction o)er actions for annulment of judgments of regional trial courts.N -#. An o$&e$ o# e1ecution/ 2o you cannot appeal from an order of e,ecution because if %e %ill allo% the losing party to appeal from an order of e,ecution0 then there %ill be no end to litigation. Laya nga e,ecution0 eh I it means tapos na ang Aaso. +hat case is finished0 decided0 final. 1ut suppose the order of e,ecution contains portions %hich are not found in the judgment0 meaning0 the order of e,ecution is changing the judgment %hich should not be done0 then ob)iously0 the correct remedy is certiorari under Rule 5: because of gra)e abuse of discretion. -'. A %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ #o$ o$ a'ain)t one o$ mo$e o# )e0e$al pa$tie) o$ in )epa$ate claim)* counte$claim)* c$o))2claim) an& t(i$&2pa$t complaint)* +(ile t(e main ca)e i) pen&in'* unle)) t(e cou$t allo+) an appeal t(e$e#$om/ +he best e,ample of a judgment of final order %here there are separate claims is found in Rule -5. +here could be more than one judgment in one ci)il case and there can be more than one decision I judgment on the main action0 on the counterclaim0 etc. !c.f. 2ections 4 and :0 Rule -5$ Q: E)erytime a judgment is issued0 can you appeal already form the first judgment %hen there %ill be a second judgment in that ci)il action? (an you appeal from all these separate judgment? A: Fo0 unless the court allo%s an appeal therefrom. ;enerally0 you ha)e to %ait for all the judgments to be rendered before you can appeal because0 normally0 there can be no appeal from e)ery judgment rendered. A good e,ample of this is in the case of PROAINCE OF PANGASINAN "!. COURT OF APPEALS 667 SCRA B63 FACTS: +his %as a partial summary judgment under Rule -:. /s it appealable? ne party claims that a partial summary judgment is appealable because of Rule -50 %here the court allo%s an appeal therefrom. 1ut according to the 2upreme (ourt: HEL9: A partial summary judgment is not co)ered by Rule -5. /t is go)erned by Rule -: and there is no appeal because it is merely interlocutory. Rule 54* Sec. 4. /a!e not full* a&ju&icate& on #otion. I# on motion un&e$ t(i) Rule* %u&'ment i) not $en&e$e& upon t(e +(ole ca)e o$ #o$ all t(e $elie#) )ou'(t an& a t$ial i) nece))a$ * t(e cou$t at t(e (ea$in' o# t(e motion* ! e1aminin' t(e plea&in') an& t(e e0i&ence !e#o$e it an& ! inte$$o'atin' coun)el )(all a)ce$tain +(at mate$ial #act) e1i)t +it(out )u!)tantial cont$o0e$) an& +(at a$e actuall an& in 'oo& #ait( cont$o0e$te&. It )(all t(e$eupon ma"e an o$&e$ )peci# in' t(e #act) t(at appea$ +it(out )u!)tantial cont$o0e$) * inclu&in' t(e e1tent to +(ic( t(e amount o# &ama'e) o$ ot(e$ $elie# i) not in cont$o0e$) * an& &i$ectin' )uc( #u$t(e$ p$ocee&in') in t(e action a) a$e %u)t. T(e #act) )o )peci#ie& )(all !e &eeme& e)ta!li)(e&* an& t(e t$ial )(all !e con&ucte& on t(e cont$o0e$te& #act) acco$&in'l . Q: When can there be a partial summary judgment? A: When some portions of a claim are substantially contro)erted and the rest are not substantially contro)erted. 2o the court is authori9ed to render a partial summary judgment on the claim %here there is no genuine issue %e continue trying the case %ith respect to the claim %here there is a genuine issue. 2o there %ill be t%o judgments. A summary judgment for one claim and an ordinary judgment for the other claim. 2o nauna yung partial summary judgment. Q: (an you appeal from there immediately?

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

A: F 0 you ha)e to %ait for the other judgment to come out. Jou cannot appeal from that partial summary judgment %hile the main case is pending0 unless the court allo%s appeal therefrom. -(. An o$&e$ &i)mi))in' an action +it(out p$e%u&ice. /f an action is dismissed %ithout prejudice0 it cannot be appealed because0 as it is %ithout prejudice0 you can re4file the case. 1ut supposed the dismissal %ithout prejudice is arbitrary0 and / donCt %ant to re4file because it is too costly and / really %ant to Guestion the court dismissing my case %ithout prejudice0 / %ant to challenge the order. Fo%0 because appeal is not appealable0 your remedy is Rule 5: on certiorari. Q: ;i)e e,amples of dismissal of cases %ithout prejudice. A: Rule 150 2ection : !c.f. Rule 150 2ection 1 "f#0 "h#0 "i#$: Rule 13* Sec. 4. Effect of dismissal. Su!%ect to t(e $i'(t o# appeal* an o$&e$ '$antin' a motion to &i)mi)) !a)e& on pa$a'$ap() -#.* -(. an& -i. o# )ection 1 (e$eo# )(all !a$ t(e $e#ilin' o# t(e )ame action o$ claim. Rule 13* Section 1. Grounds. 8it(in t(e time #o$ !ut !e#o$e #ilin' t(e an)+e$ to t(e complaint o$ plea&in' a))e$tin' a claim* a motion to &i)mi)) ma !e ma&e on an o# t(e #ollo+in' '$oun&), -#. T(at t(e cau)e o# action i) !a$$e& ! a p$io$ %u&'ment o$ ! t(e )tatute o# limitation)/ -(. T(at t(e claim o$ &eman& )et #o$t( in t(e plainti##C) plea&in' (a) !een pai&* +ai0e&* a!an&one&* o$ ot(e$+i)e e1tin'ui)(e&/ -i. T(at t(e claim on +(ic( t(e action i) #oun&e& i) unen#o$cea!le un&e$ t(e p$o0i)ion) o# t(e )tatute o# #$au&)/ Another ne% pro)ision is 2ection '. 1ut0 actually0 the principles are not ne%. Oo% do you appeal from the R+( to the (A? !or to a higher court$ +aAe note that 2ection ' tells us that there are - possible %ays: 1$ rdinary Appeal !in cases decided by the R+( pursuant to its original jurisdiction$ '$ *etition =or Re)ie% !in cases decided by the R+( pursuant to its appellate jurisdiction$ -$ Appeal 1y (ertiorari !appeal from R+( direct to the 2( on pure Guestions of la%$ Sec. 6. Mo&e! of appeal. -a. O'&ina'* appeal.2 T(e appeal to t(e Cou$t o# Appeal) in ca)e) &eci&e& ! t(e Re'ional T$ial Cou$t in t(e e1e$ci)e o# it) o$i'inal %u$i)&iction )(all !e ta"en ! #ilin' a notice o# appeal +it( t(e cou$t +(ic( $en&e$e& t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ appeale& #$om an& )e$0in' a cop t(e$eo# upon t(e a&0e$)e pa$t . No $eco$& on appeal )(all !e $eDui$e& e1cept in )pecial p$ocee&in') an& ot(e$ ca)e) o# multiple o$ )epa$ate appeal) +(e$e t(e la+ o$ t(e)e Rule) )o $eDui$e. In )uc( ca)e)* t(e $eco$& on appeal )(all !e #ile& an& )e$0e& in li"e manne$. rdinary Appeal is the mode of appeal from R+( to (A in cases decided by the R+( pursuant to its original jurisdiction. @ust liAe in Rule 460 you file a notice of appeal %ith the R+( furnishing the ad)ersePlosing party. Fo record on appeal shall be reGuired e,cept in special proceedings and other cases of multiple or separate appeals %here the la% or these Rules so reGuire. -!. ,etition fo' 'e"ie(.2 T(e appeal to t(e Cou$t o# Appeal) in ca)e) &eci&e& ! t(e Re'ional T$ial Cou$t in t(e e1e$ci)e o# it) appellate %u$i)&iction )(all !e ! petition #o$ $e0ie+ in acco$&ance +it( Rule 46. Actually0 this %as already touched in @udiciary 3a%. Oo% do you appeal to the (A from the R+( in cases decided by the R+( pursuant to its appellate jurisdiction? I not by ordinary appeal but by petition for re)ie%.

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R7/FARJ A**EA3 !par. A$ +he case %as decided by the R+( pursuant to its original jurisdiction. +he case %as originally filed in the R+(.

Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

*E+/+/ F = R REQ/EW !par. 1$ +he case %as decided by the R+( pursuant to its appellate jurisdiction !go)erned by Rule 4'$

EKAM*3E: Jou filed an action for reco)ery of money amounting to *1 million. b)iously the jurisdiction is in the R+(. Fo%0 natalo Aa and you %ant to go to the (A. What is your mode of appeal? rdinary Appeal because the case %as decided by the R+( pursuant to its original jurisdiction. EKAM*3E: /n paragraph 10 the case is reco)ery of sum of money amounting to *:60666. 2aan i4file yan? M+( man yan ba. Fo%0 you lose0 %here %ill you appeal and %hat is the mode of appeal? R+( by rdinary appeal. 2uppose0 talo Aa pa rin sa R+( and you %ant to go to (A. +his time0 the mode of appeal is not by ordinary appeal but by petition for re)ie% because the case no% being appealed has been decided by the R+( pursuant to its appellate jurisdiction. -c. Appeal b* ce'tio'a'i.2 In all ca)e) +(e$e onl Due)tion) o# la+ a$e $ai)e& o$ in0ol0e&* t(e appeal )(all !e to t(e Sup$eme Cou$t ! petition #o$ $e0ie+ on ce$tio$a$i in acco$&ance +it( Rule 44. +his goes bacA to the jurisdiction of the 2(. +he 2( has e,clusi)e0 appellate jurisdiction in certain cases & constitutionality of a la%0 treaty is in issue0 jurisdiction of the court is in issue0 and %hen only Guestions of la% are being raised. 2o the case is in the R+( and you lost. Jou %ould liAe to appeal on pure Guestion of la%. Fo%0 do not go to the (A for it has no jurisdiction. Jou by4pass (A and go directly to the 2( on appeal by certiorari in accordance %ith Rule 4:. What is the period to appeal? 2ection -: Sec. 5. ,e'io& of o'&ina'* appeal. T(e appeal )(all !e ta"en +it(in #i#teen -14. &a ) #$om notice o# t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ appeale& #$om. 8(e$e a $eco$& on appeal i) $eDui$e&* t(e appellant )(all #ile a notice o# appeal an& a $eco$& on appeal +it(in t(i$t -57. &a ) #$om notice o# t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$. Ho+e0e$* an appeal in habeas corpus ca)e) )(all !e ta"en +it(in #o$t 2ei'(t -4>. (ou$) #$om notice o# t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ appeale& #$om. T(e pe$io& o# appeal )(all !e inte$$upte& ! a timel motion #o$ ne+ t$ial o$ $econ)i&e$ation. No motion #o$ e1ten)ion o# time to #ile a motion #o$ ne+ t$ial o$ $econ)i&e$ation )(all !e allo+e&. +he period to appeal is 1: days. And %hen a record on appeal is reGuired0 the period to appeal is doubled I -6 days. 2ection - is already amended. /t no% specifically pro)ides the period to appeal in cases of habeas corpus0 %hich is 48 hours. +his is because the 2( made an error in one of the latest cases in)ol)ing Rufus Rodrigue9 as /mmigration (ommissioner0 %here the 2( ruled that the period to appeal in habeas corpus cases is 1: days since the 484hour period disappeared in the 1..< Rules. 2o many got confused no%. 2o %hen / had a talA %ith Ju!tice *anganiban last year during the celebration of the 166 years of 2( here in 7a)ao0 / opened this issue to him. 2abi Ao0 MMali man yung ruling nyo ba. Dnder the judiciary la%0 it is 484hoursHN +%o months after the con)ersation0 2ection - %as amended. "ehemH# Alright0 the period to appeal shall be interrupted by timely motion for ne% trial or motion for ne% consideration pro)ided that the motion for ne% trial is not a pro forma motion !Rule -<0 2ection '$. LA<ITA9 "!. COURT OF APPEALS

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643 SCRA 454 ?1==4@

Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

FACTS: Jou recei)e a judgment on @anuary -1. Jou filed a motion for reconsideration on =ebruary 16. 2o0 interrupted and then on =ebruary '60 you recei)e the order denying the motion for reconsideration. When is the last day to appeal? HEL9: +he last day is =ebruary '5. +he filing of a motion for ne% trial or reconsideration is not counted in the 1:4day period. Dpon the filing in =ebruary 160 it is already interrupted. 2o0 you did not consume 16 days. Jou consumed only . days. M+he period to appeal is suspended if a motion for reconsideration or one for a ne% trial is filed0 %hich0 if denied0 continues to run upon receipt of the order denying the same as if no interruption has occurred. +he time during %hich a motion for reconsideration or one for ne% trial has been pending shall be counted from the date the motion is duly filed to the date %hen the mo)ant is duly notified of the denial thereof.N M+he period during %hich the motion is pending %ith the trial court includes the day the same is filed because the motion shall ha)e been already placed under the courtRs consideration during the remaining hours of the day. +he )ery date the motion for reconsideration has been filed should be e,cluded from the appeal period.N 2o ho% do you reconcile this pronouncement %ith the rule that the first day is e,cluded and the last day is included? +he ans%er is found in Rule ''0 2ection ': Rule 66* Sec. 6. Effect of inte''uption.2 S(oul& an act !e &one +(ic( e##ecti0el inte$$upt) t(e $unnin' o# t(e pe$io&* t(e allo+a!le pe$io& a#te$ )uc( inte$$uption )(all )ta$t to $un on t(e &a a#te$ notice o# t(e ce))ation o# t(e cau)e t(e$eo#. T(e &a o# t(e act t(at cau)e& t(e inte$$uption )(all !e e1clu&e& in t(e computation o# t(e pe$io&. -n. RU<IO "!. MTCC <RANCH 4 OF CAGA:AN 9E ORO CIT: 646 SCRA 1B6 FACTS: +he period to file a motion for ne% trial or reconsideration is %ithin the period to appeal %hich is 1: days0 Aaya %alang e,tension. Fo% this is %hat happened. +he court issued an interlocutory order. After t%o months0 one of the parties filed a motion for reconsideration and0 of course0 the other party said0 no more0 you should file the motion %ithin 1: days. Jou cannot file beyond the 1:4day period. /s that correct? HEL9: F . +hat is %rong because an interlocutory order cannot be appealed hence0 the 1:4day period does not apply. Jou can file your motion for reconsideration anytime for as long as the court still has jurisdiction o)er the case. +he 1:4day period only applies %hen the order is final. 1ut %hen the order is interlocutory0 you can file it anytime because there is no definite period for the court to change it. =or as long as the court has jurisdiction o)er the case0 it has the po%er to change that %rong order. M+he period subject to interruption by a motion for reconsideration is the period to appeal. An interlocutory order is not appealable if there is accordingly no period to suspend or interrupt.N Sec. 4. Appellate cou't &oc0et an& ot$e' la(ful fee!. 8it(in t(e pe$io& #o$ ta"in' an appeal* t(e appellant )(all pa to t(e cle$" o# t(e cou$t +(ic( $en&e$e& t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ appeale& #$om* t(e #ull amount o# t(e appellate cou$t &oc"et an& ot(e$ la+#ul #ee). P$oo# o# pa ment o# )ai& #ee) )(all !e t$an)mitte& to t(e appellate cou$t to'et(e$ +it( t(e o$i'inal $eco$& o$ t(e $eco$& on appeal. -n. Dnder the la%0 %ithin the period for taAing an appeal0 the appellant shall only pay to the clerA of court of the R+( %hich rendered the judgment or final order the full amount of the appellate court docAet fee and all other la%ful fees and the proof of payment shall be transmitted to the (A together %ith the original record on appeal. Q: Oo% does this amend the ld la% ?

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

A: Dnder the 37 3a%0 %hen you appeal from the R+( to the (A 0 you just file a notice of appeal. Jou do not pay anything0 you do not pay the appellate docAet fee. 2o the records %ill be transmitted upon order of the clerA of court. *agdating sa (A0 later on0 the clerA of court there %ill communicate to the appellant na the records are there already0 magbayad Aa ng docAet fee %ithin so many days. 2o0 mamaya mo na bayaran0 hintayin mo munang mapunta doon at hintayin mo ang notisya. F W0 you do not %ait. *ag 4 file mo ng notice of appeal0 you *AJ /MME7/A+E3J. When you appeal0 bayaran mo na ang (A docAet fee sa R+( clerA and then pag4transmit0 sabay naH +hat is the change. /f %e %ill notice0 the counterpart is 2ection : Rule 46 I yung appeal from the M+( to the R+(: RULE 47* Section 4. Appellate cou't an& ot$e' la(ful fee!. 2 8it(in t(e pe$io& #o$ ta"in' an appeal* t(e appellant )(all pa to t(e cle$" o# t(e cou$t +(ic( $en&e$e& t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ appeale& #$om t(e #ull amount o# t(e appellate cou$t &oc"et an& ot(e$ la+#ul #ee). P$oo# o# pa ment t(e$eo# )(all !e t$an)mitte& to t(e appellate cou$t to'et(e$ +it( t(e o$i'inal $eco$& o$ t(e $eco$& on appeal* a) t(e ca)e ma !e. -n. Q: 2uppose the person appealing from the M+( to the R+( failed to pay the appeal fee under Rule 460 can the appeal be dismissed ? A: Fo0 because it is not one of the reGuisites. +hat %as the ruling in 2AF+ 2 "!. (A. +hat can be collected from you later but that is not a reGuisite. +he appeal cannot be dismissed. We %ill asA the same Guestion under 2ection 4 Rule 41. 1D+ this time0 you are appealing from the R+( to the (A and this contains an identical pro)ision that %hen you are appealing from the R+( to the (A0 you already pay there %ith the clerA of court of the R+( the docAet fee. 1ayaran mo na0 siya na ang bahalang mag4for%ard. OereCs the problem: Q: Jou failed to pay the docAet fee %ithin 1: days. 2o0 %hen the case %as transmitted to the (A0 hindi Aasali yung fee no. Fo%0 can your appeal be dismissed on the ground of failure to pay the docAet fee or not in accordance %ith the ruling in 2AF+ 2 !by analogy0 although in this case0 the appeal is from the M+( to the R+(. *ero the same0 hindi Aa rin magbayad ng docAet fee.$ /s the ruling in 2AF+ 2 also applicable to Rule 41 ? A: F 0 the ruling in 2AF+ 2 is not applicable. Jour appeal %ill be dismissed. Q: What pro)ision of the Rules authori9es such dismissal? /s there any direct pro)ision of the Rules of (ourt %hich authori9es the dismissal of the appeal by non4payment of the appeal docAet fee? A: JE2. Rule :6 2ection 1 "c#> RULE 47* Section 1 E An appeal ma !e &i)mi))e& ! t(e Cou$t o# Appeal)* on it) o+n motion o$ on t(at o# t(e appellee. on t(e #ollo+in' '$oun&), 1111 -c. Failu$e o# t(e appellant to pa t(e &oc"et an& ot(e$ la+#ul #ee) a) p$o0i&e& in Section 4 o# Rule 41 / 1111 / belie)e that it is dismissible because of that. 2o0 to my mind0 the 2AF+ 2 "!. (A ruling %hich go)erns Rule 46 and %hich for me is )alid0 is F + A**3/(A13E to Rule 41 because there is a direct pro)ision in Rule :6 that an appeal can be dismissed for non4payment of appeal docAet fee. +hat is the difference bet%een these t%o situations. F +/(E Fo%0 let us go bacA to 2ection : of Rule 41> Sec. 4. Notice of appeal. T(e notice o# appeal )(all in&icate t(e pa$tie) to t(e appeal* )peci# t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ o$ pa$t t(e$eo# appeale& #$om* )peci# t(e cou$t to = A**EA3

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

+(ic( t(e appeal i) !ein' ta"en* an& )tate t(e mate$ial &ate) )(o+in' t(e timeline)) o# t(e appeal. -4a. Ano ba ang naAalagay sa notice of appeal? /tCs )ery clear there that you indicate the parties to the appeal0 specify the judgment and state the material date sho%ing the timeliness of the appeal. 7o you Ano% ho% to do it? /tCs )ery simple. +he defendant merely says> Defen&ant $e'eb* !e'"e! notice t$at $e i! appealin% to t$e /A on 1ue!tion! of fact o' on 1ue!tion! of fact an& la( t$e ju&%#ent of t$e 2ono'able /ou't -RT/. &ate& Dece#be' 345 67785 cop* of ($ic$ (a! 'ecei"e& b* #e on Janua'* 95 677:.; 2o it is simple that only 1: days is reGuired to file the notice. When the la% says the period to file an appeal is non4e,tendible0 that is fair. / do not need 1: days to prepare the notice of appeal. Jou can do it only in t%o minutes. "sobra pa sa GuicAyHH# 2o you must state the date %hen you recei)ed because the computation of the 1:4day period is from the receipt of the judgment and F + from the date of the judgment. +his is the so4called the MA+ERA3 7A+A RD3E I material dates sho%ing timeliness of appeal. +he &ate 'ecei"e& and the &ate of &eci!ion are not the same. 1oth dates must be included in the notice of appeal. Fo%0 Aung sabihin mo na I a# appealin% f'o# t$e ju&%#ent of t$e cou't &ate& Dece#be' 345 6778 0 and hindi mo sinabi Aung Aailan mo natanggap0 the presumption is you also recei)ed the copy of the judgment on 7ecember '60 1..<. And then you are appealing today0 it %ill be dismissed because you did not state the material dates. And of course0 there is one 2( decision %hich said that you do not only specify the final judgment or order0 but you also specify as much as possible the interlocutory orders from %here you are appealing because interlocutory orders can only be appealed at this time. 2o0 isabay mo na rin0 i4one time baH /n the case of HEIRS OF MAFIMO RIGOSO "!. COURT OF APPEALS 611 SCRA 54> FACTS: *laintiff filed an action against defendant for partition of property. While the action %as pending0 defendant died. *artition is an action %hich sur)i)es. 7efendantCs la%yer failed to inform the court about plaintiffCs death !it is the la%yerCs duty %hich he did not do$. 2o %ith that0 there %as no proper substitution. 3ater0 judgment %as rendered against the deceased defendant. 1ut after the decision came out0 the la%yer of the defendant filed a notice of appeal in accordance %ith Rule 41. ISSUE G1: Was the appeal properly made? HEL9: F . Dpon the death of the defendant0 the la%yerCs authority to represent him already e,pired. +here %as an automatic e,piration of the la%yer4client relationship. +he notice of appeal %hich the la%yer filed in behalf of the deceased %as an unauthori9ed pleading0 therefore not )alid. ISSUE G6: /s the judgment binding to the defendantCs heirs !remember0 they %ere not substituted$? HEL9: JE2. +he )alidity of the judgment %as not affected by the defendantCs demise for the action sur)i)ed !partition0 eh$. +he decision is binding and enforceable against the successor4in4 interest of the deceased litigant by title subseGuent to the commencement of the action pursuant to 2ection 4< "b# of Rule -.&Rule on Res @udicata. Fo%0 in our outline in appeal0 the general rule is %hen you appeal0 you only file a notice of appeal and you pay the docAet. +he important reGuirement there is notice of appeal but0 %e said in some cases0 aside from notice of appeal0 there is a second reGuirement %hich is the RE( R7 F A**EA3. +his time0 the period to appeal is not only 1: but -6 days and a record on appeal is only reGuired in special proceedings or in ci)il cases %here multiple appeals are allo%ed. Fe)er mind special proceedings0 saAa na Byun.

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

/t sounds strange because %hat %eC)e studied so far0 multiple appeals are not allo%ed in ci)il cases0 there should only be one appeal. Laya nga interlocutory orders are not appealable0 precisely to a)oid order on appeal in a ci)il case. We %ill e,plain this later. RE( R7 F A**EA3

Sec. 3. Reco'& on appeal< fo'# an& content! t$e'eof. T(e #ull name) o# all t(e pa$tie) to t(e p$ocee&in') )(all !e )tate& in t(e caption o# t(e $eco$& on appeal an& it )(all inclu&e t(e %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ #$om +(ic( t(e appeal i) ta"en an&* in c($onolo'ical o$&e$* copie) o# onl )uc( plea&in')* petition)* motion) an& all inte$locuto$ o$&e$) a) a$e $elate& to t(e appeale& %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ #o$ t(e p$ope$ un&e$)tan&in' o# t(e i))ue in0ol0e&* to'et(e$ +it( )uc( &ata a) +ill )(o+ t(at t(e appeal +a) pe$#ecte& on time. I# an i))ue o# #act i) to !e $ai)e& on appeal* t(e $eco$& on appeal )(all inclu&e ! $e#e$ence all t(e e0i&ence* te)timonial an& &ocumenta$ * ta"en upon t(e i))ue in0ol0e&. T(e $e#e$ence )(all )peci# t(e &ocumenta$ e0i&ence ! t(e e1(i!it num!e$) o$ lette$) ! +(ic( it +a) i&enti#ie& +(en a&mitte& o$ o##e$e& at t(e (ea$in'* an& t(e te)timonial e0i&ence ! t(e name) o# t(e co$$e)pon&in' +itne))e). I# t(e +(ole te)timonial an& &ocumenta$ e0i&ence in t(e ca)e i) to !e inclu&e&* a )tatement to t(at e##ect +ill !e )u##icient +it(out mentionin' t(e name) o# t(e +itne))e) o$ t(e num!e$) o$ lette$) o# e1(i!it). E0e$ $eco$& on appeal e1cee&in' t+ent -67. pa'e) mu)t contain a )u!%ect in&e1. -3a. A record on appeal is simply a reproduction of all the pleadings filed by the parties0 all the motions filed by the parties0 all the orders issued by the court and the final judgment rendered by the court arranged in chronological order. =or EKAM*3E: Juan &e la /'u= "e'!u! ,e&'o Santo!. Record on appeal. Formally0 it starts %ith this phrase& >?e it 'e#e#be'e& t$e follo(in% p'ocee&in%! too0 place in t$e cou't belo(@ ,a'. 6. On Janua'* 95 677:5 plaintiff file& a co#plaint a%ain!t &efen&ant a! follo(!@ 44 !so Aopyahin mo Byung complaint. *ractically it is mechanical %orA0 eh.$ ,a'. 3. On Janua'* 395 677:5 &efen&ant file& an an!(e' A !Aopyahin mo ang ans%er$ ,a'. B. On Ma'c$ 95 677:5 t$e cou't 'en&e'e& ju&%#ent A !Aopyahin mo na naman.$N Oo% long? ;aano AaAapal yan? 7epende. =or e,ample0 the case lasted for more than t%o years. 2o practically0 the record on appeal may amount to hundreds of pages. +hat is %hy the period to appeal is increased from 1: to -6 if the la% reGuires a record on appeal because of the possibility that you may not be able to complete e)erything %ithin 1: days. 2ometimes the -64day period can be e,tended. Q: 7o you ha)e to include there e)ery motion0 e)ery order of the case? A: Fo0 the la% says you reproduce in chronological order copies of only such pleadings0 motions0 petitions0 and all interlocutory orders as are related to the appealed judgment or final order for the proper understanding of the issues in)ol)ed. +his is to allo% the appellate court to re)ie% the order appealed from. 1ut there are some motions na hindi na Aailangan. =or e,ample0 the case %ill be set for trial ne,t %eeA. 2abi ng defendant0 >Motion to po!tpone5 I a# not 'ea&* becau!e I a# !uffe'in% f'o# &ia''$ea.; 2o the trial %as postponed. Lailangan pa bang ilagay ang motion na yan? +hat is not necessary to understand the issue. *iliin mo lang ang importante. Fo%0 baAit Aailangan Byang record on appeal? 1aAit sa ordinary appeal0 hindi man Aailangan? 1ecause in rdinary (i)il Actions0 %hen the appeal is perfected0 the clerA of court of the R+( transmits the entire record to the (A. 2o andoon na lahat yan. 1ut in special proceedings or in ci)il cases %here multiple appeals are allo%ed0 %hen an order or judgment is rendered0 the case continues pa. 2o0 the records are not yet ele)ated. 2o0 ho% can the (A understand %hat happened %ithout the records? +hat is called the record on appeal. Q: ;i)e an e,ample of a ci)il action %here multiple appeals are allo%ed. A: 2ection 4 of Rule -50 %here se)eral judgments %ill be rendered in one case:

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

RULE 53* Sec. 4. Se"e'al ju&%#ent!. 2 In an action a'ain)t )e0e$al &e#en&ant)* t(e cou$t ma * +(en )e0e$al %u&'ment i) p$ope$* $en&e$ %u&'ment a'ain)t one o$ mo$e o# t(em* lea0in' t(e action to p$ocee& a'ain)t t(e ot(e$). -4. And to be more specific0 that rule %as applied by the 2( in the case of MUNICIPALIT: OF <IHAN "!. GARCIA 1>7 SCRA 4B3 FACTS: Municipality of 1inan filed e,propriation cases against se)eral lando%ners because it %ould liAe to e,propriate their land for public use. All of them %ere named as co4defendants in one complaint. 3ando%ner A filed a motion for separate trial !Rule -1$. +he court granted it. +he court rendered a decision e,propriating the land of A. Fauna siya. As for the other lando%ners0 the case continued. ISSUE G1, (an A appeal already from the decision rendered against him or must he %ait for the decision to be rendered against the other lando%ners? HEL9, JE20 A can no% appeal because the order %as already final against A. +here is something more for the court to do but only %ith respect to the other defendants. 1ut as far as A is concerned0 there is nothing more for the court to do. 2o %hen the judgment is already rendered against the other lando%ners0 they can no% also appeal. 2o there could be t%o or more final judgments and t%o or more appeals. ISSUE G6, 2uppose the case %as tried against all of them !sabay ba$ and there %as one decision against them&so sabay4sabay sila mag4appeal. /s record on appeal reGuired? HEL9: F 0 only notice of appeal because there is only one decision. Q: Why is it that in ordinary ci)il cases0 normally a record on appeal is not reGuired? A: rdinarily0 %hen the case is o)er and you say that you are appealing0 the entire record of the case %ill be ele)ated to the (A. 1ut in the case of ?ICAN0 there is judgment against lando%ner A and he %ants to appeal0 the record cannot be brought to the (A because the case %ill still be tried %ith respect to lando%ners 10 ( and 7. 2o for the (A to Ano% %hat happened0 a record on appeal is needed. ROMAN CATHOLIC ARCH<ISHOP OF MANILA "!. COURT OF APPEALS 64> SCRA 1>3 ?1==3@ HEL9: Multiple appeals are allo%ed in: 1.$ 2pecial proceedings> '.$ Actions for reco)ery of property %ith accounting> -.$ Actions for partition of property %ith accounting> 4.$ 2pecial ci)il actions of eminent domain !e,propriation$> :.$ 2pecial ci)il actions for foreclosure of mortgage. M+he rationale behind allo%ing more than one appeal in the same case is to enable the rest of the case to proceed in the e)ent that a separate and distinct case is resol)ed by the court and held to be final.N +he enumeration cited in ROMAN /AT2OLI/ /ASE is taAen from the ruling of the 2( in the cases of M/RAF7A "!. (A !<1 2(RA '.:$ and 7E ;DSMAF "!. (A !<4 2(RA '''$. /n these cases0 %hen you file only a notice of appeal %ithout the record on appeal0 it %ill not suffice. 2o it %ill be dismissed. Q: What if the party filed a record on appeal %ithout a notice of appeal? 2hould the appeal be dismissed? A: F 0 the appeal %ill not be dismissed because the filing of the record on appeal is harder to comply %ith than the filing of a notice of appeal. +he filing of the record on appeal is more e,pressi)e of the desire of the party to appeal. !*eralta )s. 2olon0 << *hil. 516$

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Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

-T$e follo(in% &i!cu!!ion! un&e' Section D (a! ta0en f'o# t$e Et$ *ea' 'e"ie( t'an!c'iption. Fo%0 let us try to tie this up %ith %hat may be appealed and %hat may not be appealed0 letCs go bacA to section 1 "g# of Rule 41: Section 1. Subject of appeal. 2 An appeal ma !e ta"en #$om a %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ t(at completel &i)po)e) o# t(e ca)e* o$ o# a pa$ticula$ matte$ t(e$ein +(en &ecla$e& ! t(e)e Rule) to !e appeala!le. No appeal ma !e ta"en #$om, 11111 -'. A %u&'ment o$ #inal o$&e$ #o$ o$ a'ain)t one o$ mo$e o# )e0e$al pa$tie) o$ in )epa$ate claim)* counte$claim)* c$o))2claim) an& t(i$&2pa$t complaint)* +(ile t(e main ca)e i) pen&in'* unle)) t(e cou$t allo+) an appeal t(e$e#$om. 11111 +aAe note that as a ;EFERA3 RD3E: a judgment for or against one or more of se)eral parties or in separate claims0 counterclaims0 cross4claims0 etc.5 %hile the main case is pending0 cannot be appealed because that %ill result to multiple appeals0 unless the court allo%s an appeal therefrom0 in %hich case0 multiple appeals %ould no% be possible. Q: (ite e,amples of ci)il actions %here0 by direct pro)ision of the Rules0 the la% mentions that the judgment is already final and appealable despite the fact that the case still goes on %ith respect to the other issues. A: +he case of MUNI/I,ALITF OF ?ICAN "!. GAR/IA %hich is no% e,pressly pro)ided for in Rule 5<0 2ection 40 !on E,propriation$: Sec. 6. Ent'* of plaintiff upon &epo!itin% "alue (it$ aut$o'i=e& %o"e'n#ent &epo!ita'* G Upon t(e #ilin' o# t(e complaint o$ at an time t(e$ea#te$ an& a#te$ &ue notice to t(e &e#en&ant* t(e plainti## )(all (a0e t(e $i'(t to ta"e o$ ente$ upon t(e po))e))ion o# t(e $eal p$ope$t in0ol0e& i# (e &epo)it) +it( t(e aut(o$iIe& 'o0e$nment &epo)ita$ an amount eDui0alent to t(e a))e))e& 0alue o# t(e p$ope$t #o$ pu$po)e) o# ta1ation to !e (el& ! )uc( !an" )u!%ect to t(e o$&e$) o# t(e cou$t. Suc( &epo)it )(all !e in mone * unle)) in lieu t(e$eo# t(e cou$t aut(o$iIe) t(e &epo)it o# a ce$ti#icate o# &epo)it o# a 'o0e$nment !an" o# t(e Repu!lic o# t(e P(ilippine) pa a!le on &eman& to t(e aut(o$iIe& 'o0e$nment &epo)ita$ . 1 1 1 1 1 1 7id you notice that an rder of E,propriation MAJ 1E A**EA3E7? When there is an order of e,propriation 4 the court says0 >Al'i%$t5 t$e p'ope't* i! &ecla'e& eHp'op'iate&.; +apos na ba ang case? F + JE+ because there is still a *art ' %hich the determination of just compensation. 2o0 technically0 it does not yet really dispose of the case 1D+ by e,press pro)ision of the la%0 the order is already appealable. +hat is an instance %here multiple appeals may arise in one ci)il case. Another e,ample is Rule 5. on *artition: RULE 3=* Sec. 6. O'&e' fo' pa'tition5 an& pa'tition b* a%'ee#ent t$e'eun&e' . 2 I# a#te$ t(e t$ial t(e cou$t #in&) t(at t(e plainti## (a) t(e $i'(t t(e$eto* it )(all o$&e$ t(e pa$tition o# t(e $eal e)tate amon' all pa$tie) in inte$e)t. T(e$eupon t(e pa$tie) ma * i# t(e a$e a!le to a'$ee* ma"e t(e pa$tition amon' t(em)el0e) ! p$ope$ in)t$ument) o# con0e ance* an& t(e cou$t )(all con#i$m t(e pa$tition )o a'$ee& upon ! all t(e pa$tie)* an& )uc( pa$tition* to'et(e$ +it( t(e o$&e$ o# t(e cou$t con#i$min' t(e )ame* )(all !e $eco$&e& in t(e $e'i)t$ o# &ee&) o# t(e place in +(ic( t(e p$ope$t i) )ituate&. -6a. A #inal o$&e$ &ec$eein' pa$tition an& accountin' ma !e appeale& ! an pa$t a''$ie0e& t(e$e! . -n. A final order decreeing partition is appealable. 1ut the case %ill go on because if the first order is that there is a co4o%nership0 then there should be a partition. Ang sunod is ho% to partition. As a matter of fact0 the court may e)en hire commissioners as to ho% to partition but in the meantime0 the order to partition is already appealable although it did not completely disposed of the ci)il action.

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Sec. B. App'o"al of 'eco'& on appeal. Upon t(e #ilin' o# t(e $eco$& on appeal #o$ app$o0al an& i# no o!%ection i) #ile& ! t(e appellee +it(in #i0e -4. &a ) #$om $eceipt o# a cop t(e$eo#* t(e t$ial cou$t ma app$o0e it a) p$e)ente& o$ upon it) o+n motion o$ at t(e in)tance o# t(e appellee* ma &i$ect it) amen&ment ! t(e inclu)ion o# an omitte& matte$) +(ic( a$e &eeme& e))ential to t(e &ete$mination o# t(e i))ue o# la+ o$ #act in0ol0e& in t(e appeal. I# t(e t$ial cou$t o$&e$) t(e amen&ment o# t(e $eco$&* t(e appellant* +it(in t(e time limite& in t(e o$&e$* o$ )uc( e1ten)ion t(e$eo# a) ma !e '$ante&* o$ i# no time i) #i1e& ! t(e o$&e$ +it(in ten -17. &a ) #$om $eceipt t(e$eo#* )(all $e&$a#t t(e $eco$& ! inclu&in' t(e$ein* in t(ei$ p$ope$ c($onolo'ical )eDuence* )uc( a&&itional matte$) a) t(e cou$t ma (a0e &i$ecte& (im to inco$po$ate* an& )(all t(e$eupon )u!mit t(e $e&$a#te& $eco$& #o$ app$o0al* upon notice to t(e appellee* in li"e manne$ a) t(e o$i'inal &$a#t. -Ba. What you ha)e to remember here is that in appeals0 %here a record on appeal is reGuired0 the la% reGuires an appro)al. +he record on appeal has to be appro)ed by the court. /n ordinary cases %here you only file a notice of appeal0 appro)al is not reGuired. A record on appeal has to be appro)ed because the other party is gi)en the right to object your record on appeal. +he possible grounds for objections are I necessary pleadings %ere not produced liAe Aulang4Aulang ang record on appeal "Aulang4Aulang din siguro yung nag4file#> or0 you did not reproduce the pleading properly> to pe)te$ the other party and just to blocA the appro)al0 liAe i4reAlamo Aahit %rong spelling lang. " pe)te talagaH# Sec. >. Joint 'eco'& on appeal. 8(e$e !ot( pa$tie) a$e appellant)* t(e ma #ile a %oint $eco$& on appeal +it(in t(e time #i1e& ! )ection 5 o# t(i) Rule* o$ t(at #i1e& ! t(e cou$t. ->a. Q: /s it possible that both sides %ill appeal? A: Jes0 %hen both are not satisfied. 2uppose both plaintiff and defendant %ill %ant to appeal and a record on appeal is reGuired0 it %ould be tedious. *ara %alang gulo at para maAatipid0 the plaintiff and the defendant %ill file a joint record on appeal0 tapos hati tayo sa gastos. 8HEN APPEAL IS 9EEME9 PERFECTE9 3et us no% go to 2ection . of Rule 41 %hich is one of the most important pro)isions I %hen is appeal deemed perfected. Fo%0 if you are asAed this Guestion: 2OI DO FOU ,ERFE/T AN A,,EAL) +his Guestion is not the same as I2EN IS T2E A,,EAL DEEMED ,ERFE/TED) Q: Oo% do you perfect an appeal? A: 1y: 1.$ =iling a F +/(E = A**EA30 generally %ithin 1: days> or by '.$ =iling A F +/(E = A**EA3 and RE( R7 F A**EA3 W/+O/F -6 7AJ2. +hose are the steps taAen to perfect the 1D+ the appeal is F + JE+ *ER=E(+E7. /t is perfected according to 2ection .0 and it is important to determine the e,act date %hen the appeal is considered as perfected because of the doctrine that from the moment the appeal is perfected0 the R+( automatically loses jurisdiction of the case. And by fiction of la%0 the jurisdiction is automatically transferred to the (A0 although the records as still %ith the R+(. +herefore it is important to determine the e,act date. =or e,ample0 in notice of appeal0 is it perfected on the )ery day that the appellant %ill file a notice of appeal that if he files it0 after t%o days perfected na? All of these are ans%ered by 2ection . and / noticed that 2ection . has impro)ed on the language of the /nterim Rules. Dnder the /nterim Rules0 they are actually the same0 the Guestion %hen is the appeal deemed

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perfected is also ans%ered by the /nterim Rules but the language of the la% there is more con)oluted. Fo%0 it is more clearer: Sec. =. ,e'fection of appeal< effect t$e'eof. A pa$t J) appeal ! notice o# appeal i) &eeme& pe$#ecte& a) to (im upon t(e #ilin' o# t(e notice o# appeal in &ue time. A pa$t J) appeal ! $eco$& on appeal i) &eeme& pe$#ecte& a) to (im +it( $e)pect to t(e )u!%ect matte$ t(e$eo# upon t(e app$o0al o# t(e $eco$& on appeal #ile& in &ue time. In appeal) ! notice o# appeal* t(e cou$t lo)e) %u$i)&iction o0e$ t(e ca)e upon t(e pe$#ection o# t(e appeal) #ile& in &ue time an& t(e e1pi$ation o# t(e time to appeal o# t(e ot(e$ pa$tie). In appeal) ! $eco$& on appeal* t(e cou$t lo)e) %u$i)&iction onl o0e$ t(e )u!%ect matte$ t(e$eo# upon t(e app$o0al o# t(e $eco$&) on appeal #ile& in &ue time an& t(e e1pi$ation o# t(e time to appeal o# t(e ot(e$ pa$tie). In eit(e$ ca)e* p$io$ to t(e t$an)mittal o# t(e o$i'inal $eco$& o$ t(e $eco$& on appeal* t(e cou$t ma i))ue o$&e$) #o$ t(e p$otection an& p$e)e$0ation o# t(e $i'(t) o# t(e pa$tie) +(ic( &o not in0ol0e an matte$ liti'ate& ! t(e appeal* app$o0e comp$omi)e)* pe$mit appeal) o# in&i'ent liti'ant)* o$&e$ e1ecution pen&in' appeal in acco$&ance +it( )ection 6 o# Rule 5=* an& allo+ +it(&$a+al o# t(e appeal. -=a. WOEF F3J F +/(E = A**EA3 /2 REQD/RE7

Q: When only a notice of appeal is reGuired0 %hen is an appeal deemed perfected? A: =irst and third paragraph: >A pa't* ! appeal b* 'eco'& on appeal i! &ee#e& pe'fecte& a! to $i# (it$ 'e!pect to t$e !ubject #atte' t$e'eof upon t$e app'o"al of t$e 'eco'& on appeal file& in &ue ti#e. H H H In appeal! b* notice of appeal5 t$e cou't lo!e! ju'i!&iction o"e' t$e ca!e upon t$e pe'fection of t$e appeal! file& in &ue ti#e an& t$e eHpi'ation of t$e ti#e to appeal of t$e ot$e' pa'tie!.; +his %as taAen in the case of 9ELGA9O 0) IAC !14< 2(RA ':8$. 3etCs compose a problem based on that case: *R 13EM: / recei)ed a copy of the decision on March -1 so / ha)e 1: days to appeal i.e. up to April 1:. My opponent recei)ed the decision on April 16. 2o ang opponent Ao naman ang bilang niya is from April 16 to April ':. /ba ang 1: days niya0 iba din sa aAin. Q: 2ince / recei)ed the decision on March -10 / filed my notice of appeal on April :0 is the appeal perfected? A: Jes0 as far as / am concerned. Q: Oo% about the other side? A: Fot yet0 because as of April :0 he has not yet recei)ed a copy of the decision. Oe %ill start computing from April 16. 2o as of no%0 it is already perfected only by :6T. Q: 2uppose by April ': %hich is the last day of 1:4day period of my opponent0 he did not file anything. Fag4 e,pire na. What %ill happen no%? A: +hen as of April ':0 the appeal is no% fully perfected !166T$ because as far as / am concerned0 / ha)e already filed a notice of appeal. As far as he is concerned0 his 1:4day period to appeal has lapsed. +herefore0 the case is no% ripe for ele)ation. +his is %hat the third paragraph means0 >In appeal! b* notice of appeal5 t$e cou't lo!e! ju'i!&iction o"e' t$e ca!e upon t$e pe'fection of t$e appeal! file& in &ue ti#e an& t$e eHpi'ation of t$e ti#e to appeal of t$e ot$e' pa'tie!.; Jou ha)e to looA at it from the )ie%point of both parties. +hat is the time for the clerA of court to ele)ate the records. /t is from that moment that the court has lost 166T jurisdiction o)er the case from the )ie%point of both parties. Dp to no%0 despite this pro)ision0 /Cm still recei)ing these Aind of orders from the courts. FaAalagay doon: >A notice of appeal $a"in% been file& b* t$e &efen&ant on t$i! &ate5 t$e appeal i! no( &ee#e& pe'fecte& an& let t$e 'eco'& no( be ele"ate& to t$e /A.; My ;ollyH +his is WR F;H +he appeal is perfected only as far as the defendant is concerned %hy decree it as perfected? +iningnan mo lang yung isang side eh. *aano Aung Byung plaintiff mag4file pa ng motion for e,ecution pending appeal?

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2o0 do not ele)ate the record until the 1:4day period has e,pired on 1 +O 2/7E2. +his is the correct interpretation of the Rules. We %ill no% go to some interesting cases: UNIAERSAL FAR EAST CORP. "!. COURT OF APPEALS 151 SCRA 346 FACTS: n March -10 both Epi and Oilde recei)ed a copy of the decision. Epi %on0 Oilde lost. =rom the )ie%point of both0 April 1: is the last day to appeal. n April :0 Oilde filed a notice of appeal. 2o the appeal is perfected from the )ie%point of Oilde. n April 1-0 Epi file a motion to e,ecute pending appeal. Was the motion filed on time? Jes0 because Epi can file the motion bet%een March -1 and April 1:. n April ':0 the court granted EpiCs motion. +his is no% the argument of Oilde: >JM* Goll*KL T$e o'&e' of eHecution b* Epi i! "oi& becau!e t$e cou't $a! al'ea&* lo!t ju'i!&iction o"e' t$e ca!e a! of Ap'il 39 becau!e F'o# t$e "ie(point of bot$ pa'tie!5 t$e la!t &a* i! Ap'il 695 afte' Ap'il 69 t$e pe'io& (it$in ($ic$ Epi can file a #otion to eHecute $a! eHpi'e&.; =rom the )ie%point of Oilde0 he already filed a notice of appeal on April :. 2o0 from the )ie%point of both0 the court already lost jurisdiction. According to Epi: >?ut I file& #* #otion on Ap'il 6B5 t$e cou't $a! not *et lo!t ju'i!&iction.; >A$ Fe!5; sabi naman ni Oilde0 >but t$e cou't acte& on *ou' #otion on Ap'il 395 ($ic$ i! afte' Ap'il 69.; HEL9: Epi is correct. +he important point is the date of filing. +hus0 e)en if the court acts beyond the 1:4day period0 the order is still )alid. +he important thing is the motion to e,ecute pending appeal %as filed %ithin the 1:4day period. M/t may be argued that the trial court should dispose of the motion for e,ecution %ithin the reglementary fifteen4day period. 2uch a rule %ould be difficult0 if not impossible0 to follo%. /t %ould not be pragmatic and e,pedient and could cause injustice.N M+he motion for e,ecution has to be set for hearing. +he judgment debtor has to be heard. +he good reasons for e,ecution pending appeal ha)e to be scrutini9ed. +hese things cannot be done %ithin the short period of fifteen days0 or in this case0 t%o days. +he trial court may be confronted %ith other matters more pressing that %ould demand its immediate attention.N 2o in this case0 the court has not yet lost jurisdiction the act on the motion for e,ecution pending appeal e)en if it is beyond 1: days0 pro)ided the motion %as filed %ithin 1: days. WOEF RE( R7 = A**EA3 /2 REQD/RE7

Q: Oo% about an appeal %here a record of appeal is reGuired? When is the appeal deemed perfected? A: 2econd paragraph of 2ection .: >A pa't* ! appeal b* 'eco'& on appeal i! &ee#e& pe'fecte& a! to $i# (it$ 'e!pect to t$e !ubject #atte' t$e'eof upon t$e app'o"al of t$e 'eco'& on appeal file& in &ue ti#e.; 2o it is not upon the filing of the record of appeal0 but upon the A**R QA3. 1ecause as %e said0 under 2ection <0 a record on appeal has to be appro)ed %hile a notice of appeal need not be appro)ed. As to the fourth paragraph: >In appeal! b* 'eco'& on appeal5 t$e cou't lo!e! ju'i!&iction onl* o"e' t$e !ubject #atte' t$e'eof upon t$e app'o"al of t$e 'eco'&! on appeal file& in &ue ti#e an& t$e eHpi'ation of t$e ti#e to appeal of t$e ot$e' pa'tie!.; +he principle is the same. 1ut definitely an appeal is not perfected upon the filing of the record on appeal but upon the appro)al. +he last point to remember in 2ection .. ;EFERA3 RD3E: once an appeal is deemed perfected from the )ie%point of both sides0 the trial court loses jurisdiction o)er the case. +he jurisdiction is automatically transferred to the (ourt of Appeals. Q: Are there EK(E*+/ F2 to the rule? Are there things that the trial court can do e)en if it has no more jurisdiction? What things or actions can the trial court do? A: 3ast paragraph of 2ection .: >In eit$e' ca!e5 p'io' to t$e t'an!#ittal of t$e o'i%inal 'eco'& o' t$e 'eco'& on appeal5 t$e cou't #a* i!!ue o'&e'! fo' t$e p'otection an& p'e!e'"ation of t$e 'i%$t! of t$e pa'tie! ($ic$ &o not in"ol"e an* #atte' liti%ate& b* t$e appeal5 app'o"e co#p'o#i!e!5 pe'#it appeal! of in&i%ent liti%ant!5 o'&e' eHecution pen&in% appeal in acco'&ance (it$ !ection 3 of Rule B75 an& allo( (it$&'a(al of t$e appeal.;

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3ets us outline the last paragraph: nce an appeal is deemed perfected under 2ection .0 the R+( loses jurisdiction o)er the case and can no longer act in that case. Q: What things or %hat actions can the R+( do e)en if it has technically lost jurisdiction o)er the case? 2ometimes they call this as the 'e!i&ual jurisdiction0 a.0.a. MduAotN jurisdiction. A: =or as long as the original record or the record on appeal is not yet transmitted !because it taAes some time for the records to be transmitted$ the trial court0 despite the fact that it has already lost jurisdiction0 can do the follo%ing acts: 1.$ to issue orders for the protection and preser)ation of the rights of the parties %hich do not in)ol)e in any matter litigated in the appeal> '.$ to appro)e compromises bet%een the parties> -.$ to permit appeals to indigent litigants> 4.$ to order e,ecutions pending appeal in accordance %ith 2ection ' of Rule -.> an& :.$ to allo% the %ithdra%al of the appeal. 5.$ +he court can order the dismissal of an appeal under 2ection 1-0 Rule 41. Q: (an the parties settle the case amicably despite the fact that there is already an appeal? A: Jes0 compromise is %elcome anytime. Q: Fo% %ho %ill appro)e the compromise? A: +echnically0 the court has no jurisdiction. 1ut for as long as the records are still there0 the trial court can appro)e the compromise. Fo%0 suppose the records are already transmitted to the (A? +hen you better submit your compromise agreement before the (A. 2ections 160 110 and 1' are purely administrati)e pro)isions. Sec. 17. Dut* of cle'0 of cou't of t$e lo(e' cou't upon pe'fection of appeal. 8it(in t(i$t -57. &a ) a#te$ pe$#ection o# all t(e appeal) in acco$&ance +it( t(e p$ece&in' )ection* it )(all !e t(e &ut o# t(e cle$" o# cou$t o# t(e lo+e$ cou$t, -a. To 0e$i# t(e co$$ectne)) o# t(e o$i'inal $eco$& o$ t(e $eco$& on appeal* a) t(e ca)e ma !e* an& to ma"e a ce$ti#ication o# it) co$$ectne))/ -!. To 0e$i# t(e completene)) o# t(e $eco$&) t(at +ill !e t$an)mitte& to t(e appellate cou$t/ -c. I# #oun& to !e incomplete* to ta"e )uc( mea)u$e) a) ma !e $eDui$e& to complete t(e $eco$&)* a0ailin' o# t(e aut(o$it t(at (e o$ t(e cou$t ma e1e$ci)e #o$ t(i) pu$po)e/ an& -&. To t$an)mit t(e $eco$&) to t(e appellate cou$t. I# t(e e##o$t) to complete t(e $eco$&) #ail* (e )(all in&icate in (i) lette$ o# t$an)mittal t(e e1(i!it) o$ t$an)c$ipt) not inclu&e& in t(e $eco$&) !ein' t$an)mitte& to t(e appellate cou$t* t(e $ea)on) #o$ t(ei$ non2t$an)mittal* an& t(e )tep) ta"en o$ t(at coul& !e ta"en to (a0e t(em a0aila!le. T(e cle$" o# cou$t )(all #u$ni)( t(e pa$tie) +it( copie) o# (i) lette$ o# t$an)mittal o# t(e $eco$&) to t(e appellate cou$t. -17a. Sec. 11. T'an!c'ipt. Upon t(e pe$#ection o# t(e appeal* t(e cle$" )(all imme&iatel &i$ect t(e )teno'$ap(e$) conce$ne& to attac( to t(e $eco$& o# t(e ca)e #i0e -4. copie) o# t(e t$an)c$ipt) o# t(e te)timonial e0i&ence $e#e$$e& to in t(e $eco$& on appeal. T(e )teno'$ap(e$) conce$ne& )(all t$an)c$i!e )uc( te)timonial e0i&ence an& )(all p$epa$e an& a##i1 to t(ei$ t$an)c$ipt) an in&e1 containin' t(e name) o# t(e +itne))e) an& t(e pa'e) +(e$ein t(ei$ te)timonie) a$e #oun&* an& a li)t o# t(e e1(i!it) an& t(e pa'e) +(e$ein eac( o# t(em appea$) to (a0e !een o##e$e& an& a&mitte& o$ $e%ecte& ! t(e t$ial cou$t. T(e t$an)c$ipt) )(all !e t$an)mitte& to t(e cle$" o# t(e t$ial cou$t +(o )(all t(e$eupon a$$an'e t(e )ame in t(e o$&e$ in +(ic( t(e +itne))e) te)ti#ie& at t(e t$ial* an& )(all cau)e t(e pa'e) to !e num!e$e& con)ecuti0el . -16a.

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1997 Rules on Civil Procedure 2001 Edition

Rule 41 Appeal From The Regional Trial Courts

Sec. 16. T'an!#ittal. T(e cle$" o# t(e t$ial cou$t )(all t$an)mit to t(e appellate cou$t t(e o$i'inal $eco$& o$ t(e app$o0e& $eco$& on appeal +it(in t(i$t -57. &a ) #$om t(e pe$#ection o# t(e appeal* to'et(e$ +it( t(e p$oo# o# pa ment o# t(e appellate cou$t &oc"et an& ot(e$ la+#ul #ee)* a ce$ti#ie& t$ue cop o# t(e minute) o# t(e p$ocee&in')* t(e o$&e$ o# app$o0al* t(e ce$ti#icate o# co$$ectne))* t(e o$i'inal &ocumenta$ e0i&ence $e#e$$e& to t(e$ein* an& t(e o$i'inal an& t($ee -5. copie) o# t(e t$an)c$ipt). Copie) o# t(e t$an)c$ipt) an& ce$ti#ie& t$ue copie) o# t(e &ocumenta$ e0i&ence )(all $emain in t(e lo+e$ cou$t #o$ t(e e1amination o# t(e pa$tie). -11a. Sec. 15. Di!#i!!al of appeal. P$io$ to t(e t$an)mittal o# t(e o$i'inal $eco$& o$ t(e $eco$& on appeal to t(e appellate cou$t* t(e t$ial cou$t ma motu p$op$io o$ on motion &i)mi)) t(e appeal #o$ (a0in' !een ta"en out o# time. -14a. Q: May the R+( dismiss the appeal? A: Jes0 for as long as the record of the case or the record of appeal has not yet been transmitted to the appellate court0 the court may #otu p'opio0 e)en %ithout any motion0 or on motion of the appellee0 the trial court is empo%ered to dismiss the appeal on the ground of ha)ing been taAen out of time. Q: (an the trial court dismiss the appeal on the ground that the appeal is dilatory? A: F . +he trial court has no po%er to say that the appeal is dilatory. 2uch Guestion can only be passed upon by the appellate court. ther%ise0 trial courts can easily forestall re)ie% or re)ersal of their decisions no matter ho% erroneous such decisions may be. !7asalla )s. (aluag0 3418<5:. @uly -10 1.5-> ;2/2 )s. (loribel0 34'''-50 @une ''0 1.5:> Republic )s. Rodrigue90 34'56:50 May '.0 1.5.$ +he only ground for the trial court to dismiss appeal is for ha)ing been taAen out of time. +hatCs all. 7onCt confuse that %ith Rule -.. Q: (an the pre)ailing party file a motion for e,ecution pending appeal0 on the ground that the appeal is dilatory? Any appeal %hich is fri)olous is intended as dilatory. A: Well0 itCs not the appeal that is being Guestioned but %hether there is a ground for e,ecution pending appeal. Ang jurisprudence niyan magulo eh: F 0 the trial court cannot do that. nly the (A can determine %hether the appeal is dilatory. 1ut there are cases %here the 2( said JE2 because that can be a good reason. *ero dito !Rule 41$0 iba ang tanong. +he court is not being asAed to grant an e,ecution pending appeal but being asAed to dismiss an appeal. Ah0 ito talaga hindi p%ede. FEQER0 because of 2ection 1-0 Rule 41 I there is only one ground0 filed out of time. JaaanH 2oOo2

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