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Comparison of Battery Cells - EasyChem - The Ultimate Resource for HSC Chemistry: Syllabus-Based Dot-Point Study Notes/Summaries, Past Exam Papers, and More

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Comparison of Battery Cells

Gather and present information on the structure and chemistry of a lead-acid cell and evaluate it in comparison to a button cell in terms of: chemistry cost and practicality impact on society environmental impacts Cell type
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Lead-acid cell

Button (silver oxide) cell

Appearance

Chemistry

Cell diagram Pb, PbSO4 | H2SO4 (aq) | PbO2, Pb

Cell diagram Zn, ZnO | KOH (paste) | Ag2O, Ag

Cathode reaction

Cathode reaction

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Comparison of Battery Cells - EasyChem - The Ultimate Resource for HSC Chemistry: Syllabus-Based Dot-Point Study Notes/Summaries, Past Exam Papers, and More

Cathode reaction

Cathode reaction

PbO 2 (s) + 4H + + SO 42- +2e - PbSO 4 (s)2O + 2H (l)

Ag2O (s) + H2O (l) + 2e- 2Ag (s) + 2OHAnode reaction Zn (s) + 2OH- ZnO (s) + H2O + 2eOverall reaction Zn (s) + Ag2O (s) 2Ag (s) + ZnO (s) Cell voltage 1.3 V

Anode reaction Pb (s) + SO42- PbSO4 (s) + 2eCell voltage 2.2 V

Cost and practicality

Very large and heavy Long life Lead is a reasonably expensive metal, making the cell quite expensive Rechargeable Electrolyte must be checked regularly Level of charge easily determined

Very small and light Relatively long life Silver is an expensive metal, making the cell reasonably expensive Constant output voltage Non-rechargeable

Impact on society
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Ability to recharge makes cell suitable for vehicles, where the engine can recharge the cell Allowed development of starters in vehicles Able to store solar energy when connected to solar panels Important for charge storage, such as in remote regions

Small size has allowed for miniature electric appliances Non-toxic nature has allowed for use inside the body

Environmental impacts

Do not have to be discarded/recycled after one use. Corrosive sulfuric acid can pollute the environment if spillages occur.

Have to be discarded/recycled after one use Potassium hydroxide electrolyte is caustic


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www.easychem.com.au/production-of-materials/electrochemical-methods/comparison-of-battery-cells

1/15/14

Comparison of Battery Cells - EasyChem - The Ultimate Resource for HSC Chemistry: Syllabus-Based Dot-Point Study Notes/Summaries, Past Exam Papers, and More

Lead is toxic and electrodes and casings must be recycled; lead causes anaemia and affects the brain.

No highly toxic materials that will harm the environment

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