The following information was generated from the Toxicology Literature Online Databank (TOXLINE), a database of the National

Library of Medicine's TOXNET system (http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov) on November 26, 2002. Query: The chemical name tungsten was identified. The following terms were added from ChemIDplus: wolfram CAS Registry Number: 7440-33-7

1 TITLE: Industrial Toxicology AUTHORS: Fairhall LT SOURCE: Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, Maryland, Second Edition, pages 128-129, 8 references, 19571957 ABSTRACT: Physical properties, industrial uses, toxicity, and analytical determination of tungsten (7440337) and tungsten compounds are briefly given. The more important tungsten oxides are tungsten-dioxide (1328661) and tungsten-trioxide (1314358), the latter being reduced to metallic tungsten by heating it in a stream of hydrogen. Tungsten carbides W2-C and WC are formed when the powdered metal is intimately mixed with carbon and is heated in an atmosphere of hydrogen in an electric furnace. Consumption of tungsten ore and concentrates in the United States was 20,100 in 1944 and 14,900 in 1945. Tungsten-carbide cemented in a matrix of metallic cobalt (7440484) has a hardness approaching that of the diamond and is thus used in cutting tools and dies. Exposure to tungsten in industry is related chiefly to the dust arising from crushing and milling of scheelite (14913805) and wolframite (1332087) and in the preparation of cemented tungsten-carbide tool tips. Toxicity data are given for tungsten metal, sodium-tungstate (13472452), and ammonium-paratungstate. The chief sites of deposition of tungsten are in the bones, and spleen with smaller amounts in the kidney and liver. The thiocyanate-stannous-chloride method as modified by Aull and Kinard can determine minute amounts of tungsten in biological materials and in air. Nickel (7440020) and cobalt give color interference. KEYWORDS: DCN-178854 Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Detection Industrial chemicals Air quality measurement Analytical methods Chemical processes Production Tungsten alloys Tungsten ore Body distribution Refractory metals

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 1328-66-1 1314-35-8 7440-48-4 14913-80-5 1332-08-7 13472-45-2 7440-02-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1957 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074916 2 TITLE: Detection Of Tungsten In The Kidneys Of A Suicide And Some Findings In Animals After Tungsten Administration AUTHORS: Stepan J Friedrich E SOURCE: Deutsche Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Gerichtliche Medizin, Vol. 51, pages 7-11, 6 references, 19611961 ABSTRACT: The biological effects of tungsten (7440337) were investigated in guinea-pigs and a human subject. Tungsten was found at autopsy in the kidneys of a 33 year old male who had committed suicide. The subject had installed fire resistant linings in blast furnaces for many years. Determinations were also made in kidneys of 35 human subjects who died naturally. Guinea-pigs were given doses of 0.3 to 25 micrograms per 20 milligrams (microg/20mg) tungsten by intranasal administration, sodium-tungstate (11120017) by subcutaneous injection, or tungsten-oxide (39318188) by stomach tube. Brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, adrenals, pancreas, gall bladder, and testicles were examined. Tungsten concentrations in tissues were determined by emission spectral analysis. No tungsten was found in the 35 human kidneys. Of ten guinea-pigs given tungsten, traces of tungsten were found in the lungs of one. Those given sodium-tungstate had no tungsten in any organs. Tungsten was found in the lungs of one of ten guinea-pigs given tungsten-oxide. Histological findings among 30 treated animals included suspicious glia nodules in the brains of 3 animals, perivascular infiltrates in 2 animals, and 1 case of encephalitis. Siderosis, increased segmented cells, and excessive blood were found in spleens of 26 animals. The authors conclude that tungsten may cause chemical lesions in nervous tissue, possibly explaining the cause of the subject's suicide. (German) KEYWORDS: DCN-125126 TRANS

Animal studies Tungsten compounds Heavy metals Case studies Histopathology Toxicopathology Biological effects Body distribution CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 11120-01-7 39318-18-8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1961 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00137040 3 TITLE: A Model of the Distribution and Retention of Tungsten in the Human Body AUTHORS: Leggett RW SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 206, Nos. 2/3, pages 147-165, 51 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: The preliminary results obtained with a biokinetic model describing the disposition of tungsten (7440337) in humans were discussed. The model was derived from an International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) model developed for uranium (7440611) and other 'bone seeking elements' and consisted of a transfer (blood) compartment and skeleton, kidney, liver, spleen, and excretory compartments. The biokinetic parameters needed for the model were derived from published studies on the metabolic disposition in rats, dogs, and goats. Following a single injection into the blood (acute exposure), the model predicted that the tungsten body burden would decrease to 15% of the injected amount after 1 day (day), to 5% after 1 week, to 3% after 1 month (mo), to 1.6% after 1 year (yr), and to 0.4% after 10yr. The amounts of tungsten in the liver, kidneys, spleen, and other soft tissues would be greater than in bone tissues during the first mo after injection. Tungsten that migrated into bone mineral pools, however, would be strongly retained and as a result of the more rapid depletion of soft tissue tungsten burdens, the bone mineral tungsten content would become an increasingly larger proportion of the body burden. For example, the bone tungsten content would represent 50% of the tungsten body burden after 1mo, 60% after 1yr, 70% after 2yr, 90% after 4yr, and 99.5% after 10yr. In the case of chronic tungsten exposure, assuming that tungsten is absorbed into the blood at the rate of 1 unit (U) per day, the model predicted that the tungsten levels in the kidneys, liver, spleen, and all other soft tissues combined would increase for several years, but eventually plateau at approximately 3.1, 2.6, 0.3,

and 1.8U, respectively. The bone tungsten content would increase throughout life, reaching 25U after 10yr, 46U after 30yr, and 62U after 70yr. When the model was compared to the ICRP model for 'bone seeking elements', both predicted similar tissue uptakes during the first few weeks after acute exposure except in the spleen where the ICRP model predicted greater uptake and retention. The ICRP model predicted faster decreases in tissue tungsten levels over the long term, however. KEYWORDS: DCN-240560 Hard metals Biokinetics Mathematical models Simulation methods Tissue distribution Acute exposure Chronic exposure In vivo studies Laboratory animals Bone structure Body burden CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-61-1 CODEN: STENDL ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00240134 4 TITLE: Chronic dosing study to assess health and reproductive effects of tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot on game-farm mallards. AUTHORS: Mitchell RR Powell DM Aulerich RJ Balander RJ Fitzgerald SD Bursian SJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. SOURCE: Toxicologist 1999 Mar;48(1-S):45 ABSTRACT: In 1991, the United States banned the use of lead shot for waterfowl hunting because of its toxic effects on waterfowl and other wildlife

species upon ingestion. Steel shot is used as a nontoxic alternative to lead, but there has been a continual effort to develop shot compositions that emulate the ballistic characteristics of lead. Shot composed of tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer were given conditional approval for hunting by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service based on the results of a 30-day acute toxicity trial. The present study examined the health and reproductive effects of the 2 shot types on mallards over a 150-day period. Sixteen male and sixteen female adult mallards were dosed with 8#4 steel shot, 8#4 tungsten-iron shot, or 8#4 tungsten-polymer shot every 30 days over the 150-day period. An additional 6 males and 6 females received 8#4 lead shot. During the first 60 days of the trial, birds were fed a nutritionally-deficient diet (shelled-corn) and maintained in a cold environment. Birds were then switched to a commercial layer mash for the subsequent 90 days during which reproductive performance was examined. Tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot had no deleterious effect on adult body weights, blood parameters, egg production, fertility, hatchability, and duckling survivability. Lead-dosed mallards had significantly decreased hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and delta aminolevulinic dehydratase activity on day 7. The only pathological changes were observed in the liver and kidneys of lead-dosed birds. All lead-dosed birds died by day 25. The erosion rates of lead, steel, tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot were 20, 55, 75 and 97% respectively. The results of this study indicated that game-farm mallards dosed with tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot were not adversely affected during the 150-day trial. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Animal Male Female Tungsten/*TOXICITY Iron/*TOXICITY Ducks/*PHYSIOLOGY Reproduction/*DRUG EFFECTS Lead/TOXICITY Polymers/TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7439-89-6 7439-92-1 NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0731-9193 PUBLICATION TYPES: ABSTRACT ENTRY MONTH: 199908 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Toxicologist YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/99000227 LAST REVISION DATE: 19990831 5 TITLE: Tungsten and Its Compounds AUTHORS: Svartengren M Elinder C-G SOURCE: Occupational Medicine, Third Edition, C. Zenz, O. B. Dickerson, and E. P. Horvath, Jr., Editors; Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis, pages 582-583, 22 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The production, use, and health effects of tungsten (7440337) and its compounds were discussed in this review. Due to the extreme hardness of this metal, it has found wide industrial applications in power tools and has replaced diamond in many drills. At least 30,000 employees in the United States have been estimated to be at potential risk for exposure to tungsten and its compounds. Following inhalation, tungsten was found to collect in the bone, lung, and kidney of experimental animals. Tungsten and its compounds have been identified in the lungs of patients with hard metal exposure. A tungsten-carbide (12070121)/cobalt (7440484) mixture has been reported to be cytotoxic in an in-vitro system and the addition of tungsten-carbide to a cobalt instillation mixture in experimental animals resulted in severe alveolitis and fatal pulmonary edema, while only a moderate inflammatory response was seen with cobalt alone. The effects of tungsten exposure on humans have not been determined as no cases of exposure to tungsten or tungsten compounds alone without concomitant exposure to other agents have been reported. The recommended threshold limit values have been 5mg/m3 and 1mg/m3 for insoluble and soluble tungsten compounds, respectively. KEYWORDS: DCN-228639 Tungsten compounds Metal compounds Hard metals Toxic effects Occupational exposure Health hazards Biological effects Tissue distribution Respiratory irritants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199605

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00228353 6 TITLE: Labor Protection and Safety Engineering in Powder Metallurgy. On the Maximum Permissible Air Content of the Dust of Tungsten and Titanium Carbide, Silicide, and Nitride Powders AUTHORS: Mezentseva NV SOURCE: Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2, pages 112-113, 3 references, 19641964 ABSTRACT: The inhalation effects of tungsten (7440337), tungsten-trioxide (1314358), tungsten-carbide (12070121), tungsten-silicide (12166562), titanium (7440326), titanium-dioxide (13463677), titanium-carbide (12070085) and titanium-nitride (25583204) powders were assessed in rats. The character and degree of the dusts were determined by intratracheal administration of 50 milligrams (mg) of dust suspensions. Rats were killed at 7 or 10 months. Internal organs were histologically examined. No changes occurred in any organs except the lungs, which were similar for tungsten and titanium to the changes seen with inhalation exposures. The effect of tungsten-carbide and tungsten-silicide on the lungs was less than those seen with tungsten or tungsten-trioxide. Increased exposure time did not substantially affect the picture of the changes in pulmonary tissue. Titanium-carbide and titanium-nitride did not cause greater changes than metallic titanium or titanium-dioxide. Increased exposure did not have any effect. Morphological changes in pulmonary tissue exposed to the metallic powders coincided with changes caused by the metals themselves, but the degree of evidence of the process was less. The authors conclude that maximum permissible content in air for tungsten-carbide and tungsten-silicide is 6mg per cubic meter and titanium-carbide and titanium-nitride is 10mg per cubic meter. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-120322 TRANS Animal studies Biological effects Dust exposure Toxic effects Biological factors Pathogenesis Dust inhalation Inhalants Histology Pathogenesis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 1314-35-8 12070-12-1 12166-56-2

7440-32-6 13463-67-7 12070-08-5 25583-20-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1964 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129186 7 TITLE: Milling and Processing Tungsten AUTHORS: Zadra JB SOURCE: Reno Metallurgy Research Center, Bureau of Mines, Reno, Nevada, Information Circular 7912, 129 pages, 48 references, 19591959 ABSTRACT: The technologic status and the problems encountered in milling and processing tungsten (7440337) ores are presented. Milling practices and chemical treatment methods used at most of the major and at a number of smaller domestic tungsten operations are summarized, and flowsheets developed for them are provided. The discovery of tungsten, development of uses for tungsten, resources, production, consumption, price, tungsten minerals, and properties of economic tungsten minerals are discussed. Analytical methods are described for the determination of tungsten and molybdenum (7439987). KEYWORDS: DCN-178836 Tungsten Tungsten compounds Refractory metals Transition metals Primary metallurgical processes Metallic minerals Mineral processing Work operations Cemented tungsten carbide CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1959 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NIOSH/00074894 8 TITLE: Tungsten in April 1976 AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Mineral Industry Surveys, Division of Ferrous Metals, Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 13 pages, 19761976 ABSTRACT: Data are given on tungsten (7440337) production, consumption, stocks, foreign trade, imports, government inventory, and price for the first quarter of 1976, all of 1975, and in some cases back to 1971. Reported domestic consumption of tungsten concentrate in April 1976 decreased 18 percent to 1,024,000 pounds while net production of tungsten products rose 21 percent compared with April 1975. Consumer stocks of tungsten concentrate decreased 16 percent while stocks of tungsten products at processor plants rose 5 percent. During April the European price of tungsten concentrate ranged from a low of 51.000 pounds sterling per metric ton unit to a high of 58.50. KEYWORDS: DCN-178855 Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Industrial chemicals Tungsten alloys Materials Statistics Information Refractory metals Demographic characteristics Tungsten minerals Minerals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074917 9 TITLE: Spectrophotometric Determination Of Tungsten With Disodium Cis-1,2-Dicyanoethylene Dithiolate AUTHORS: Chakrabarti AK Bag SP

SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 59, pages 225-230, 11 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: A spectrophotometric method for determining tungsten (7440337) was developed. The reaction was based on the red violet complex formed by tungsten in the presence of disodium malonitrile dithiolate (MNT). MNT was prepared fresh by mixing with sodium-cyanide, dimethylformamide, and carbon-disulfide. The red/brown product was washed with ether, the solution was dried, and the crystal was dissolved in ethyl-ether before use. Standard solutions of sodium-tungstate were mixed with MNT, concentrated hydrochloric-acid, and acetonitrile. The mixture was stirred and the absorbance measured. Effects of variation of acid concentration, MNT, and time on optimal concentration range of tungsten were determined. The interference of several ions with tungsten determination were measured. Composition of the tungsten complex was determined by mixing equimolar solutions of metal ions, MNT, and tungsten standards. The degree of dissociation and stability constant of the complex were calculated. Tungsten complex gave maximum absorbancy at 570 nanomicrons. The complex was stable in 1 to 3 molar concentrations of hydrochloric-acid for several days. At this acidity, the tungsten complex showed full color development. For 8 parts per million (ppm) sodium-tungstate solution, 5 milliliters of a 2 percent MNT was sufficient for development of full color. The absorbancy measured at various time intervals showed that the complex absorbance was constant even after 96 hours. Zinc (7440666), cadmium (7440439), and mercury (7439976) did not interfere with tungsten determination while molybdenum (7439987) did. Oxalate (338705), citrate (126443), and fluoride (16984488) ions had no effect. A metal to reagent ratio of 1 to 4 was obtained for determination of composition of the complex. This obeyed Beer's law from 1 to 20ppm with 2.7 percent relative error per 1 percent absolute error. KEYWORDS: DCN-124152 Analytical methods Analytical chemistry Metals Chemical properties Chemical analysis Spectrographic analysis Chemical composition Trace analysis Laboratory testing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 7440-43-9 7439-97-6 7439-98-7 338-70-5 126-44-3 16984-48-8 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136181 10 TITLE: Some Problems Relating to the Effects of Tungsten Powder on Humans AUTHORS: Vengerskaya KhYa Salikhodzhaev SS SOURCE: Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniia, Vol. 6, No. 3, pages 27-29, 10 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: The levels of tungsten (7440337), sugar (50997) and chlorides in the blood and urine as well as liver functions were studied in 178 workers engaged in basic processes at a hard alloys plant manufacturing tungsten bars and hard alloys by a metal ceramic method and in a number of other occupations such as press operating, grinding, reducing, carbonizing, and testing. Air samples from these various operations contained from 0.75-6.1 milligrams of tungsten and 0.6-3.2 milligrams of cobalt (7440484) per cubic meter of air. The temperature of the environment reached 45-50 degrees centigrade with relative humidities of 25-30 percent and rates of air movement of 0.3-0.5 meters per second. The workers (52 men and 126 women) were mostly below 30 years of age with three years of service; 88 reported various complaints including dyspnea, coughing, pounding of the heart, headache, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite and olfactory disorders. The content of tungsten in the blood varied from traces to 1.9 milligram percent, averaging 0.8-1.1 milligram percent. No tungsten was detected in 11 of 56 workers examined. Tungsten in the urine of 40 of 47 workers averaged 0.6-1.1 milligrams per liter. Sugar in the blood was slightly higher than normal in 8. Incipient liver function disorders were found in 8 of 14 workers studied, and disorders of the detoxification function of the liver were found in 19 of 31 studied. Chloride content in the urine was somewhat depressed in most of the workers. (Russian; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178851 TRANS Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Primary metallurgical processes Metal fabrication workers Blood chemistry Hazards Symptoms Transition metals Urine chemistry Liver disorders Alloying Tungsten alloys CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-33-7 7440-33-7 50-99-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: GTPZAB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074912 11 TITLE: Tungsten AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Gmelins Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry, 8th edition, rev., R. J. Meyer, Editor; Verlag Chemie, Berlin, pages 138-141, 148-149, 152, 165-166, 179-180, 209, 216, 224-225, 228, 231, 245, 248-249, 255, 258, 265, 269, 328, 342, and 361, 19351935 ABSTRACT: Sections of the handbook on inorganic chemistry are presented which deal with the solubility of various tungsten (7440337) compounds in water. Among the specific tungsten compounds included in this report are: tungsten-trioxide (1314358), metatungstic-acid, pertungstic-acid, normal tungstates, metatungstates, tungsten(V)-bromide, sodium-paratungstate, sodium-metatungstate, potassium-tungstate (7790605), potassium-tritungstates, potassium-tungsten(III)-chloride, potassium-tungsten-cyanide, ammonium-paratungstate, ammonium-hexatungstate, tungstenborates, tungsten silicates, and tungstophosphoric-acid (1343937). (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178828 TRANS Cemented tungsten carbide Chemical properties Analytical methods Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 1314-35-8 7790-60-5 1343-93-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1935 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074885 12 TITLE: Morbidity and mortality in the Wolfram syndrome. AUTHORS: Kinsley BT Swift M Dumont RH Swift RG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Joslin Diabetes Center, New England Deaconess Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. SOURCE: Diabetes Care 1995 Dec;18(12):1566-70 ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To determine the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the autosomal recessive Wolfram syndrome, which is defined by diabetes and bilateral progressive optic atrophy with onset in childhood or adolescence. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We abstracted and reviewed the medical records of 68 confirmed cases of Wolfram syndrome identified through a nationwide survey of endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, institutes, and homes for the blind. We also reviewed all available autopsy records. RESULTS: The most common causes of morbidity and mortality were the neurological manifestations of this syndrome and the complications of urinary tract atony. There was a lower frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis, no histologically proven diabetic glomerulosclerosis, and less severe, more slowly progressive, diabetic retinopathy than in classic type I diabetic patients. Mortality in Wolfram syndrome is much higher than in type I diabetes; 60% of Wolfram syndrome patients die by age 35. Recognition of these clinical differences from classic type I diabetes is important for the proper management of Wolfram syndrome patients. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of Wolfram syndrome patients among all diabetic patients presenting in childhood or adolescence is important because the management of patients with this syndrome is different from that of patients with classic type I diabetes. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Abnormalities/EPIDEMIOLOGY Adolescence Adult Age Factors Child Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent/*EPIDEMIOLOGY Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent/*MORTALITY Diabetic Ketoacidosis/EPIDEMIOLOGY Diabetic Ketoacidosis/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Diagnosis, Differential Human Life Tables Medical Records Morbidity Retrospective Studies

Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. United States/EPIDEMIOLOGY Wolfram Syndrome/*EPIDEMIOLOGY Wolfram Syndrome/*MORTALITY Wolfram Syndrome/*PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0149-5992 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE MULTICENTER STUDY GRANT/CONTRACT FUNDING: MH-45128/MH/NIMH ENTRY MONTH: 199612 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: EAG TITLE ABBREVIATION: Diabetes Care YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/MED/96352332 LAST REVISION DATE: 19961104 13 TITLE: The Spectrophotometric Determination of Tungsten with Thiocyanate. Part I. A Review of Procedures AUTHORS: Fogg AG Marriott DR Burns DT SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 95, No. 1135, pages 848-853, 61 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: Procedure for the spectrophotometric determination of tungsten (7440337) with thiocyanate are reviewed. The first determination of tungsten using thiocyanate and tin-chloride in 1932 with the subsequent interference of molybdenum is cited. Modifications to the method are described. These included substituting titanium for tin and using solvent extraction techniques. The use of tin-amalgam along with tin-chloride and the interference of iron are described. The existence of a purple and a yellow tungsten-thiocyanate complex is noted. The use of sulfuric-acid instead of hydrochloric-acid at the reduction stage caused the mixture to

become purple. The conclusion of subsequent workers that complete reduction can be obtained by boiling the solution and by precipitation of molybdenum is discussed. The use of aqueous acetone solutions for determination of molybdenum and thiocyanate, with tungsten determinations possible, is assessed. Simultaneous determination of niobium (7440031) with tungsten is suggested. The various procedures for determining tungsten are compared. The authors conclude that the spectrophotometric method for determining tungsten with thiocyanate is unreliable. KEYWORDS: DCN-120239 Analytical methods Metals Analytical chemistry Quantitative analysis Chemical analysis Laboratory testing Chemical properties Analytical instruments Tungsten compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-03-1 CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00128268 14 TITLE: Metabolism Of W185 In The Rat AUTHORS: Ballou JE SOURCE: Hanford Atomic Products Operation, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Richland, Washington, Report No. HW-64112, 16 pages, 4 references, 19601960 ABSTRACT: The gross metabolism of radioactive tungsten-185 (14932413) was investigated in rats. Sprague-Dawley-rats were administered solutions of tungsten-185 Tissue samples were dry ashed or acid digested and measured for tungsten-185 content. Animals were sacrificed periodically over a 102 day retention period. Urinary excretion during day 1 indicated extensive absorption and rapid excretion of tungsten-185. Balance of the remaining tungsten-185 was in the feces and intestinal contents. Total tissue retention 24 hours after administration was about 2 percent of the dose fed. The spleen continued to accumulate tungsten-185 for several days after administration. After about 1 week, the concentrations of

tungsten-185 in spleen and skeleton were higher than in any other tissues. The maximum permissible concentration for tungsten-185 was 0.02 microcentimeters per milliliter (microcm/ml) for spleen and 0.06microcm/ml for skeleton. Ingestion of insoluble tungsten-185 did not present any unusual hazards. The author concludes that deposition of tungsten-185 in spleen is more critical than in any other tissue except the lower large intestine. KEYWORDS: DCN-125025 Animal studies Heavy metals Radiochemical analysis Body distribution Toxicopathology Exposure limits Health standards Biologic half life Metabolic study CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14932-41-3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1960 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136912 15 TITLE: Excretion Of Cobalt And Tungsten In Workers In The Production Of Heavy Metals. II. Daily Excretion Of Tungsten In Urine. Influence Of CaNa2 EDTA And Penicillamine On Its Excretion AUTHORS: Barborik M SOURCE: Pracovni Lekarstvi, Vol. 24, No. 8, pages 295-297, 14 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: The effect of calcium-sodium-ethylene-diaminetetraacetic-acid (62339) (CaNa2EDTA) and penicillamine (52675) on the excretion of tungsten (7440337) and cobalt (7440484) in workers producing hard metals was investigated. Daily urinary excretion of tungsten and cobalt was determined in ten exposed subjects. The first sample was taken on Monday. On Tuesday, 15 milliliters CaNa2EDTA was administered intravenously, and urine was collected again. On the fifth working day, penicillamine was administered at 600 milligrams. Tungsten was determined in the urine colorimetrically. Daily excretion of tungsten in the individual subjects varied significantly. Differences in the excretion of cobalt were even more pronounced. Before administration of the chelate, urinary excretion of tungsten varied from 230 to 960 micrograms (microg) in 24 hours. After the administration of CaNa2EDTA, urinary tungsten excretion fell to 380microg in 24 hours. After administration of pencillamine, an average higher excretion of tungsten of 660microg in 24 hours was ascertained.

Average cobalt excretion after penicillamine administration was 600microg per 24 hours. In one worker, excretion of tungsten was initially 320microg per 24 hours; after CaNa2EDTA, it was 290; and after penicillamine, 680. The author concludes that it is uncertain whether this slightly increased excretion was caused by penicillamine or by the accumulation of metal at the end of the working week. (Czech) KEYWORDS: DCN-125814 TRANS Biological effects Urinalysis Clinical symptoms Occupational hazards Exposure levels Occupational exposure Biological factors Clinical diagnosis Pharmacology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 62-33-9 62-33-9 52-67-5 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: PRLFAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00137848 16 TITLE: The Spectrophotometric Determination of Tungsten with Thiocyanate AUTHORS: Fogg AG Jarvis TJ Marriott DR Burns DT SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 96, No. 1144, pages 475-479, 8 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: A method for the photometric determination of tungsten (7440337) in steel was developed. Samples of steel were dissolved in a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric-acid. The mixture was warmed, and diluted, HCA and tungsten and molybdenum (7439987) were extracted with bezoin alpha oxime. This solution was treated with tetraphenylarsonium-chloride solution and sodium-thiocyanate, and the complex was extracted in chloroform. The absorbancy of the final extract was read against chloroform at 402 nanometers. Tungsten was also extracted by treating the

concentrated hydrochloric-acid/steel solution with isobutyl-methyl-ketone (IMK) to remove iron and proceeding with the complex formation as described above. Standard sodium-tungsten and sodium-molybdenum solutions were used to determine molybdenum interference in the benzoin method. The result showed that up to 4 percent of molybdenum was tolerable in such steel samples. Similarly, when sodium-molybdenum was added as standard in the IMK method to determine its degree of interference, up to 25 percent of molybdenum in the steel was tolerated in this procedure. When steel samples containing less than 0.25 percent tungsten and greater than 0.3 percent molybdenum were tested by the benzoin and IMK methods, the results were similar to the standard, direct colorimetric and thiol methods. The authors conclude that the benzoin and IMK extraction modifications to the direct colorimetric procedure for determining tungsten with thiocyanate allow its extension to the determination of tungsten in steel samples containing amounts of molybdenum that would normally interfere. KEYWORDS: DCN-120604 Analytical methods Metals Analytical chemistry Quantitative analysis Chemical analysis Laboratory testing Chemical properties Analytical instruments Tungsten compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00132778 17 TITLE: Summary of Plant Observation Reports and Evaluations for Tungsten and Its Compounds AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: SRI International, Menlo Park, California, Contract No. 099-74-0031, 286 pages, 19771977 ABSTRACT: Summaries and evaluations of the seven plants visited for the criteria document are reported. The visits occurred from October 21, 1976 to February 10, 1977 and included Boeing, Li Tungsten Corporation,

Kennametal, Inc., GTE Sylvania, Union Carbide Corporation, General Electric (Carboloy Systems), and Union Carbide Corporation (Metals Division). Aspects covered in each report include description of the process, medical, labeling, personal protective equipment, informing employees of hazards, work practices, sanitation, and environmental monitoring. Documentation is also given to support statements. Three plants processed ores to obtain ammonium-p-tungstate or tungsten (7440337) metal powder and three others used ammonium-p-tungstate as the basic material in preparing tungsten or tungsten-carbide powders. Among the various processes, the potential for occupational exposure exists mainly in ore grinding, loading, unloading, mixing, ball milling and grinding of the cemented tungsten-carbide tools. Protective measures include exhaust ventilation systems, barriers beneath grinding wheels for collecting and channeling coolants, use of enclosed areas, and automation. Most of the companies considered tungsten or its compounds as not hazardous and virtually no monitoring or posting hazards referring to tungsten is done. The little monitoring that was done showed values ranging from 0.2-36.3 milligrams per cubic meter. (Contract No. 099-74-0031) KEYWORDS: DCN-178850 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Contract Contract 099 74 0031 Tungsten Evaluations Cemented tungsten carbide Primary metallurgical processes Metals Work operations Metal fabrication workers Air quality Transition metals Health Metalworking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074911 18 TITLE: Preliminary Data on Hard Metal Workers Exposure to Tungsten Oxide Fibres AUTHORS: Sahle W Krantz S Christensson B Laszlo I SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 191, Nos. 1/2, pages 153-167, 33

references, 1996 ABSTRACT: Personal exposure to tungsten-oxide (1314358) fibers during the production of tungsten (7440337) metal was examined. Static and personal samples were obtained from two hard metal manufacturing facilities. Static samples were taken at important sites during the reduction of various tungsten-oxide compounds. Three different raw materials, ammonium-paratungstate (12208547) (APT), blue-oxide and tungsten-trioxide (1314358), were utilized by the two factories. Personal samples were obtained from the double filters worn by workers for various lengths of time. Total dust, respirable dust, and tungsten-oxide fiber concentrations were measured. In all of the samples from both factories, tungsten-oxide fibers were detected. Personal sample dust micrographs were identical to those obtained by static sampling. Due to agglomeration, the fiber level in the working environment may have been higher than the results indicated. The total dust level at static sampling sites ranged from 0.05 to 3.66mg/m3. The highest value was measured at the site where APT was charged to the calcination furnace. Although this dust was not fibrous, when the blue-oxide was charged at this same site, the dust was fibrous. The total dust measured from personal samples ranged from 0.8+/-0.6 to 1.6+/-0.8mg/m3 and the fiber exposure values for fibers between 1 and 5 micrometers in length ranged from 0.02+/-0.15 to 0.14+/-0.2 fibers per milliliter. In both these ranges, the highest values correspond to the use of blue-oxide as a raw material. The authors conclude that workers in tungsten factories are exposed to tungsten-oxide fibers. They recommend that the reduction of raw material occur in one step, thereby reducing dustiness and maintenance. KEYWORDS: DCN-233748 Humans Hard metal workers Hard metals Occupational exposure Tungsten compounds Airborne fibers Respirable dust Dust sampling Workplace monitoring Industrial hygiene CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-35-8 1314-35-8 7440-33-7 12208-54-7 1314-35-8 CODEN: STENDL ENTRY MONTH: 199707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00233323

19 TITLE: Tungsten, Alloys And Compounds AUTHORS: Lee S Kye RK SOURCE: Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety, Vol. 2, pages 2225-2226, 3 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: The hazards of tungsten (7440337) and its alloys and compounds are reviewed. Safety and health measures are recommended. Chemical and physical properties are listed. Countries that produce tungsten are named. Occurrence of tungsten in the environment is examined. Production methods are summarized. Tungsten is used in the production of tungsten steel, in lamp vacuum tubes, electric contacts, X-ray tubes, and fluorescent light tubes. In toxicity studies, the median lethal dose of sodium-tungstate (12737869) was determined to be between 223 and 255 milligrams per kilogram in rats and showed significant postprandial and age effects. Feeding studies resulted in no marked effects. Industrial exposure is not a significant health hazard. Hazards are related to substances associated with the production and uses of tungsten instead of tungsten itself; these hazards relate to quartz (14808607) dust and cobalt (7440484) fumes. The incidence of accidents and diseases in tungsten mines and mills is not well documented. Ventilation is one of the most important engineering control measures. General safety recommendations such as good housekeeping and hygiene, protective clothing and equipment, preemployment medical screening, and periodic medical examinations are suggested. KEYWORDS: DCN-136558 Industrial environment Toxicology Trace metals Safety research Workers Dust particles Toxic effects Temperature regulation Health hazards Temperature effects Occupational hazards CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 12737-86-9 14808-60-7 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150016 20 TITLE: Tungsten AUTHORS: Browning E SOURCE: Toxicity of Industrial Metals, Butterworth and Co., London, pages 301-304, 17 references, 19611961 ABSTRACT: The toxicity of tungsten (7440337) is reviewed. The physical properties of tungsten are described. It is a steel grey metal resembling molybdenum but less fusible, is highly resistant to acids, oxidizes in air only at red heat, gives good electrical conductivity, and has an atomic weight of 183.92, a specific gravity of 19.3, a melting point of 3410 degrees-C, and a boiling point of 5930 degrees-C. The industrial uses of tungsten are listed for alloy production, in the tungsten-carbide tool industry, as a plating material on brass and other metals, as an electrode for ultraviolet radiation, as an anticathode in X-ray tubes, in the textile industry for rendering fabric nonflammable, and in the preparation of blue and green pigments. The metabolism of tungsten is discussed. In plants it is an antagonist to molybdenum and plays a part in nitrate assimilation. In animals, it antagonizes molybdenum and selenium and inhibit deposition of intestinal xanthine-oxidase. Retention is greatest in bone and spleen. In animals, large doses can cause acute or lethal poisoning; however, in humans, tungsten dust inhalation has no specific fibrogenic effect. Oral toxicity in animals is assessed. Toxic effects in humans are cited with some instance of pulmonary involvement and pneumoconiosis. The author concludes that most researchers believe that cobalt (7440484), rather than tungsten, is the most probable toxic agent in pneumoconiosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-120699 Toxicology Poisons Gravimetric analysis Occupational exposure Occupational hazards Inhalants Dose response Gravimetry Toxic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1961

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00132923 21 TITLE: Ultrafine Tungsten and Molybdenum Powders AUTHORS: Lamprey H Ripley RL SOURCE: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 109, No. 8, pages 713-716, 12 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: A process is described for producing tungsten (7440337) and molybdenum (7439987) metal powder of 0.01-0.1 micrometer average particle diameter by hydrogen reduction of the metal chlorides. A diagram of the quartz apparatus used for carrying out the reaction is given. Purified hydrogen and tungsten-chloride or molybdenum-chloride vapors are preheated and brought together in a large reaction space. The gases react immediately on contact to form submicron metal powder and hydrogen-chloride vapor. The metal may be collected by gravity settling with or without the use of an electrostatic precipitator, or the reaction gases may be filtered through a large diameter column of steel wool, the trapped powder shaken free of the wool and separated from small steel fragments by magnetic means. A photomicrograph of the ultrafine tungsten powder is given. The particles approach spheres in shape. The bulk density of the powder was approximately 0.2 grams per cubic centimeter. Other physical and chemical properties are described. The ultrafine powder can be sintered effectively at temperatures nearly a thousand degrees lower than conventional tungsten powder. The powders may have unique applications as catalysts, fillers, fuels, and nucleation agents in alloy production. KEYWORDS: DCN-178857 Tungsten Chemical processes Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Refractory metals Industrial processes Particles Physical properties Tungsten alloys Industrial chemicals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074919 22 TITLE: Toxicity of Some Materials Used in the Manufacture of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Tools AUTHORS: Fredrick WG Bradley WR SOURCE: Industrial Medicine, Vol. 15, No. 8, pages 482-483, 19461946 ABSTRACT: A brief summary is given on the toxicity to humans and animals of tungsten (7440337), tungsten-carbide and other metals involved in the manufacture of cemented tungsten-carbide tools. Workers may show dermatitis and bronchitis, with a few showing dyspnea and a roentgenogram suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis. Median lethal doses in white rats after intraperitoneal injection are 0.5 grams per 100 grams of body weight for tungsten, 25-50 milligrams per 100 grams for nickel (7440020), 0.5 grams per 100 grams for cobaltic-oxide (1308049), 10-20 milligrams per 100 grams for cobalt (7440484), and 0.75 milligrams per 100 grams for cobalt-lactate. With tantalum-oxide (1314610) rats survive an intraperitoneal dose of 0.5 grams per 100 grams but show minor liver and spleen involvement, marked kidney damage and mild fibrotic response of the peritoneal surfaces. Tungsten, tantalum and titanium carbides and titanium-oxide were essentially inert and may be compared with corundum in action. The distinguishing features of cobalt intoxication are given. KEYWORDS: DCN-178852 Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Metal fabrication workers Primary metallurgical processes Dosage Exposure limits Hazards Threshold limit values Metalworking Symptoms Respiratory system disorders Skin disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 1308-04-9 7440-48-4 1314-61-0 CODEN: INMEAF ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1946 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074914 23 TITLE: Molecular Basis Of The Biological Function Of Molybdenum. Effect Of Tungsten On Xanthine Oxidase And Sulfite Oxidase In The Rat AUTHORS: Johnson JL Rajagopalan KV Cohen HJ SOURCE: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 249, No. 3, pages 859-866, 39 references, 19741974 ABSTRACT: The effect of tungsten (7440337) on the activities of molybdenum (7439987) dependent enzymes, xanthine-oxidase and sulfite-oxidase, was studied in male Charles-River-CD-rats. Rats were maintained on a normal protein diet and given salts of molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium (7440622) at 25 parts per million (ppm) in their drinking water for 3 weeks. The animals were sacrificed. Different tissues were removed for analysis of enzyme activity. The molybdenum content of the enzymes was determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR); the absolute molybdenum content was also determined. Sulfite-oxidase and xanthine-oxidase activity and the EPR signal for molybdenum were unaffected by molybdenum or vanadium administration. With tungsten, however, hepatic sulfite-oxidase activity was decreased to 23 percent of control, and the EPR signal amplitude was lowered to 29 percent of control. The hepatic molybdenum content was lowered to 30 percent of the control value. Similar decreases in sulfite-oxidase activity in the lung and xanthine-oxidase activity in both lung and liver were observed. Doses of tungsten up to 100ppm caused progressively greater decrease in the activity of hepatic enzymes. The diminution of the amplitude of the EPR signal and the molybdenum content of the liver paralleled the loss of sulfite-oxidase activity. At even the highest dose, the animals showed no toxic signs. The time course of loss of the two enzyme activities fitted first order kinetics. The effects of 100ppm tungsten were inhibited by the presence of 1ppm molybdenum in the diet. Injection of molybdenum into rats depleted of hepatic enzyme activities by tungsten treatment resulted in substantial restoration of both enzyme activities. The reactivation was unaffected by cycloheximide (66819) and puromycin (53792), indicating that it was independent of protein synthesis. The authors conclude that tungsten competitively antagonizes molybdenum in-vivo. KEYWORDS: DCN-124928 Biochemical analysis Clinical techniques Laboratory testing Animal studies Qualitative analysis Physiological measurements Metabolic study

Chemical properties Metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7440-62-2 66-81-9 53-79-2 CODEN: JBCHA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136793 24 TITLE: Tungsten, Cobalt, and Their Compounds AUTHORS: Alexandersson R SOURCE: Occupational Medicine: Principles and Practical Applications, Second Edition, C. Zenz, Editor; Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc., pages 624-629, 61 references, 1988 ABSTRACT: The biological effects of occupational exposure to tungsten (7440337), cobalt (7440484) and related compounds were reviewed and discussed. The properties and industrial uses of these elements were described. Respiratory disease has been seen in workers in the cemented tungsten-carbide, or hard metal industry. Animals studies have indicated that the pathology associated with exposure to hard metal was a result of the cobalt and not the tungsten component of the hard metal. Hard metal pneumoconiosis has been reported in hard metal workers with long term exposures to tungsten cemented dust, and obstructive lung disease has been seen in workers exposed to lower levels. Long term exposure to cobalt has been reported to result in rare cases of pneumoconiosis, and a study of occupational exposure to 0.06mg/m3 reported the development of obstructive pulmonary symptoms that resolved when the workers were away from work. Other biological effects of cobalt exposure include skin allergy, myocardial, carcinogenic, and teratogenic effects. The threshold level values for both tungsten and cobalt were discussed. KEYWORDS: DCN-208008 Biological effects Occupational exposure Toxic effects Metal compounds Tungsten compounds Chemical properties

Cobalt compounds Carcinogens Teratogens Respiratory system disorders Hard metal disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00208311 25 TITLE: Biological Responses of Isolated Macrophages to Cobalt Metal and Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Powders AUTHORS: Lison D Lauwerys R SOURCE: Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 69, No. 4, pages 282-285, 11 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: The effects of a tungsten-carbide (12070121), cobalt (7440484) dust mixture and cobalt metal powder on macrophages were compared in-vitro. Mouse peritoneal macrophages and alveolar macrophages from adult Sprague-Dawley-rats were cultured with different concentrations of an extra fine cobalt metal powder, a tungsten-carbide/cobalt mixture prepared by a hard metal producing factor, and a tungsten-carbide powder produced by chemically removing cobalt from the tungsten-carbide/cobalt mixture. Glucose uptake was measured after 24 hours of incubation by disappearance from the culture medium. Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was determined after 18 hours of incubation. Plasminogen activator (PA) activity was assayed after the same amount of time. The cytochrome-C reduction method was used to assess superoxide anion production. Results showed that the tungsten-carbide/cobalt mixture was associated with significantly more depressed levels of glucose uptake and superoxide anion production than cobalt alone; however, there was no difference between the two compounds with respect to G6PD activity and PA activity. Tungsten-carbide did not significantly inhibit G6PD activity and slightly stimulated PA activity. The authors conclude that this study confirms previous findings regarding differences between the reactivities of cobalt alone and tungsten-carbide/cobalt mixtures. Such differences should be considered when explaining the occurrence of hard metal disease in factories producing cobalt only and cobalt mixtures. KEYWORDS: DCN-202748 Cobalt compounds

Hard metal disease Laboratory animals Enzyme activity Metal dusts In vitro studies Phagocytes Hard metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 CODEN: PHTOEH ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00202907 26 TITLE: Hygienic Evaluation of Aerosols Formed in the Manufacture of Hard Alloys AUTHORS: Kaplun ZS Mezentseva NV SOURCE: Gigiena i Sanitariia, Vol. 24, No. 6, pages 16-22, 7 references, 19591959 ABSTRACT: A study of working conditions in the hard alloy industry reveals that the main factor exerting a harmful effect on worker health is pollution of the air with aerosols of tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326), cobalt (7440484), and mixtures of these. Experiments in rats indicate that dust mixtures of tungsten, titanium, and cobalt have a more pronounced effect than the dust of each taken separately. Pathological changes produced by the dust were similar to those caused by metallic cobalt, but more intense. Tungsten increases the effect of cobalt because of the higher solubility of cobalt in the presence of tungsten. (Russian; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178833 TRANS Refractory metals Transition metals Air contamination Toxic substances Light metals Heavy metals Tungsten alloys Primary metallurgical processes Cemented tungsten carbide Tungsten

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-48-4 CODEN: GISAAA ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1959 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074890 27 TITLE: Contribution of maternal radionuclide burdens to prenatal radiation doses: relationships between annual limits on intake and prenatal doses. AUTHORS: Sikov MR Hui TE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA. SOURCE: NTIS Technical Report (NTIS/PB94-121787) 1993 Oct;:110 pp. ABSTRACT: This addendum to NUREG/CR-5631, Revision 1, describes approaches to calculating and expressing radiation absorbed doses and dose rates to the embryo/fetus from maternal radionuclide intakes at levels corresponding to Annual Limits on Intake (ALI). To facilitate dosimetric assessments in operational radiation protection, the situations that are addressed include the determination of dose from chronic maternal intakes of radionuclides by inhalation or ingestion during pregnancy and from radionuclide burden in the woman prior to the time at which her pregnancy begins. These approaches build upon determinations of radiation doses to the conceptus from radionuclides in the woman's transfer compartment that were described in NUREG/CR-5631, Revision 1. However, doses to the embryo/fetus ordinarily would be controlled by maternal intakes, which are restricted in terms of the ALI. The previous dose factors were extended to convert from intakes to activity in the transfer compartment, which allowed use of the tabulated values of gestational-stage-dependent fractional depositions and retentions in the embryo/fetus and the associated dose factors. To simulate chronic exposure, the intake activity was considered as being subdivided into intakes of 1/9 ALI that occurred at the beginning of successive 30-day intervals corresponding to the months of gestation. Separate calculations were performed for ingestion and inhalation and the sums of all increments from the time of exposure through term were obtained by simple addition. Conventional bioassay and biokinetic modeling approaches can be used to estimate a woman's burden at the beginning of pregnancy from radionuclide intakes prior to her pregnancy. Modeling to estimate the entry of this activity into the embryo/fetus and the resulting dose is not readily accomplished. As a

nominal substitute, worst-case scenarios were constructed to develop conservative evaluations of absorbed dose from pre-existing burdens. Calculations assumed ingestion or inhalation intake of an ALI immediately before pregnancy, and initial activity in the transfer compartment was considered to be ALI multiplied by transfer fraction. The results of the foregoing calculations are tabulated as three complementary dose relationships involving the radiation dose equivalents that correspond to intake of an ALI and the intake levels that would result in a dose of 0.05 rem to the embryo/fetus. These intakes are expressed as fraction of ALI and as activity in uCi. It also was desirable to provide approximations of comparable dose factors applicable to radionuclides and forms for which biokinetics in the embryo/fetus have not been established. Values of committed dose equivalent to the uterus per unit intake were used to generate tables of factors to facilitate dose estimates from ingested or inhaled activity. These were tabulated as dose equivalents from intakes of ALI, and placed in formats showing the three complementary intake-dose relationship expressions. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Pregnancy Human Female *Radiation Dosage Fetus/*RADIATION EFFECTS Body Burden Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16922-44-4 14119-08-5 14119-09-6 15757-14-9 14391-74-3 13982-22-4 15034-51-2 15756-76-0 15756-77-1 15034-49-8 14374-81-3 14687-40-2 14687-59-3 15756-83-9 14809-44-0 14809-45-1 16685-55-5 15755-33-6 15422-59-0 14304-78-0 15575-20-9 14687-61-7 15755-35-8 19869-93-3 15422-57-8 14265-71-5 15758-45-9 15422-58-9 15720-26-0 14809-47-3 15765-38-5 15765-39-6

14391-61-8 14686-69-2 14687-62-8 14331-90-9 18268-34-3 14391-63-0 17056-36-9 15765-86-3 14932-53-7 13982-13-3 14928-36-0 14191-65-2 15701-15-2 14809-49-5 14809-50-8 14809-51-9 13967-73-2 13982-64-4 14158-27-1 10098-97-2 14331-91-0 14928-29-1 14809-53-1 14274-68-1 13982-36-0 10098-91-6 14234-24-3 15751-59-4 14981-70-5 15422-72-7 15422-71-6 15743-56-3 14681-75-5 13981-27-6 15751-77-6 13967-71-0 14928-30-4 14681-74-4 15700-40-0 14681-65-3 7440-03-1 14681-63-1 13967-76-5 15832-32-3 18496-04-3 15700-41-1 15690-77-4 14119-13-2 14119-15-4 14191-83-4 14119-14-3 14809-55-3 14809-56-4 14808-44-7 15759-35-0 32025-58-4 14133-76-7 14913-92-9 15701-17-4 15125-02-7

15758-35-7 13968-53-1 14331-95-4 13967-48-1 15765-79-4 15765-80-7 14378-53-1 15765-82-9 7440-16-6 UNKNOWN 14234-34-5 15706-50-0 15690-69-4 15749-54-9 14967-68-1 17637-99-9 14981-64-7 14833-32-0 14967-69-2 15116-79-7 14928-14-4 14333-39-2 14391-65-2 14391-76-5 15760-04-0 14331-86-3 15760-07-3 30905-38-5 14709-52-5 14109-32-1 14336-66-4 14336-68-6 15139-70-5 15750-15-9 14391-66-3 14885-78-0 13981-55-0 14191-71-0 14191-69-6 14914-66-0 23308-12-5 15700-33-1 13966-06-8 13981-59-4 14314-35-3 14683-06-8 14683-07-9 14683-08-0 15832-50-5 15690-89-8 16645-96-8 17620-10-9 15755-27-8 15755-18-7 14391-67-4 14914-68-2 14391-68-5 14374-79-9 14683-10-4 14234-35-6

15756-32-8 13968-50-8 15756-34-0 14331-88-5 15756-35-1 15756-29-3 15125-45-8 14304-79-1 13981-49-2 14269-71-7 14683-12-6 14234-28-7 15759-52-1 15701-09-4 15480-34-9 15755-17-6 15715-08-9 14158-30-6 14158-31-7 14158-32-8 14391-72-1 15046-84-1 14914-02-4 10043-66-0 14683-16-0 14834-67-4 14914-27-3 14834-68-5 15758-27-7 15720-35-1 15047-05-9 15066-92-9 14914-76-2 15758-03-9 13967-70-9 15726-30-4 14234-29-8 10045-97-3 15758-29-9 14914-75-1 13981-41-4 14698-58-9 14378-25-7 14798-08-4 15741-29-4 18879-37-3 15715-04-5 15066-93-0 15816-85-0 14834-69-6 UNKNOWN 15816-88-3 15816-89-4 16729-61-6 15055-11-5 15757-94-5 13968-49-5 13982-30-4 13967-74-3 14119-19-8

14762-78-8 22095-53-0 15125-66-3 15481-22-8 14191-76-5 14191-64-1 14981-79-4 14119-05-2 15765-23-8 15765-24-9 22095-52-9 15700-34-2 18411-36-4 14877-64-6 14269-74-0 15749-81-2 15690-82-1 14952-27-3 14834-72-1 14834-73-2 15706-44-2 14834-74-3 14380-75-7 14683-19-3 15765-31-8 15720-47-5 15766-03-7 14877-67-9 15701-12-9 15065-02-8 15715-94-3 15766-00-4 14391-31-2 15759-70-3 14981-86-3 14907-88-1 14191-78-7 15840-15-0 14907-89-2 15840-16-1 14683-23-9 15585-10-1 14391-16-3 14280-35-4 14280-36-5 14041-40-8 23315-89-1 14952-32-0 14952-31-9 14937-16-7 14937-17-8 14276-65-4 14041-42-0 26209-85-8 15065-93-7 15065-95-9 14998-51-7 14981-98-7 15758-64-2 14391-17-4

14391-10-7 14391-18-5 15759-55-4 13981-29-8 14391-19-6 14982-00-4 14981-97-6 14280-34-3 13967-64-1 15840-01-4 15832-34-5 15750-02-4 14391-20-9 15700-49-9 15749-97-0 13967-65-2 15750-04-6 14967-67-0 14041-43-1 15840-13-8 14391-45-8 15840-14-9 15832-57-2 15690-75-2 14391-22-1 13981-30-1 14333-45-0 15720-75-9 14041-46-4 14041-47-5 24347-38-4 14834-83-4 14041-45-3 14269-78-4 14041-44-2 14119-23-4 29919-07-1 15715-05-6 15741-32-9 15752-27-9 14093-12-0 14391-24-3 14914-12-6 14452-47-2 14265-75-9 14683-30-8 15755-89-2 14922-51-1 14093-11-9 15757-23-0 15750-13-7 14093-09-5 14265-77-1 14265-76-0 14265-78-2 14900-21-1 29492-85-1 15832-40-3 29687-28-3 15759-26-9

22095-77-8 15758-54-0 15759-28-1 15758-55-1 15759-27-0 15055-22-8 14391-27-6 15759-29-2 13982-00-8 14683-36-4 15701-21-0 15701-22-1 15701-16-3 15749-43-6 15749-44-7 15055-23-9 14683-32-0 15749-46-9 14932-41-3 14983-48-3 24421-27-0 18853-09-3 18853-08-2 14993-65-8 21459-71-2 14983-46-1 14998-63-1 14391-29-8 14378-26-8 15765-78-3 14993-35-2 14993-64-7 14993-36-3 15766-50-4 15761-06-5 14119-24-5 16057-77-5 15766-57-1 29054-62-4 27742-26-3 29054-43-1 24447-13-0 14834-71-0 15752-22-4 14265-84-0 14981-91-0 14694-69-0 14158-35-1 15816-99-6 14993-39-6 14922-70-4 15055-30-8 15706-36-2 15735-70-3 14191-88-9 15735-74-7 15706-54-4 29687-31-8 13982-20-2 15756-89-5

14320-93-5 10043-49-9 14391-11-8 20091-45-6 23238-59-7 15116-82-2 15064-97-8 15756-15-7 13981-51-6 14191-87-8 13982-78-0 18235-46-6 26683-69-2 14107-52-9 15743-50-7 15064-66-1 15720-55-5 15064-65-0 15720-57-7 13968-51-9 35788-48-8 16646-00-7 27486-00-6 16645-99-1 17239-87-1 15752-86-0 14687-25-3 14119-28-9 14119-30-3 14255-04-0 15816-77-0 15092-94-1 15067-28-4 17239-85-9 14280-38-7 14687-50-4 24383-94-6 14333-38-1 15776-19-9 13982-38-2 14331-79-4 14913-49-6 15776-20-2 14733-03-0 16729-74-1 16729-76-3 15720-45-3 13981-52-7 20601-76-7 15755-39-2 36840-25-2 15756-98-6 15623-45-7 13233-32-4 13981-53-8 13982-63-3 15743-84-7 15262-20-1 15755-98-3 14265-85-1

20379-10-6 14952-40-0 14331-83-0 15571-75-2 15623-47-9 14274-82-9 15594-54-4 14269-63-7 14932-40-2 7440-29-1 15065-10-8 29901-97-1 15766-09-3 15766-10-6 14331-85-2 15766-06-0 13981-14-1 15100-28-4 15743-51-8 15700-08-0 14158-29-3 13968-55-3 13966-29-5 15117-96-1 13982-70-2 14269-75-1 7440-61-1 13982-01-9 15687-53-3 29687-52-3 15832-46-9 15116-90-2 15700-37-5 15700-36-4 13994-20-2 15766-25-3 13968-59-7 15690-84-3 34018-47-8 14928-39-3 15411-92-4 15411-93-5 13981-16-3 15117-48-3 14119-33-6 14119-32-5 13982-10-0 15706-37-3 14119-34-7 18784-52-6 15756-66-8 29492-78-2 18233-96-0 16652-10-1 15116-95-7 14596-10-2 13981-54-9 14993-75-0 15756-26-0 16415-43-3

15776-16-6 30989-40-3 15411-90-2 15411-91-3 15510-73-3 15757-87-6 13981-15-2 15621-76-8 15757-90-1 15758-32-4 15758-33-5 15701-07-2 15743-83-6 16652-07-6 15715-02-3 15752-38-2 14900-25-5 15755-53-0 16044-16-9 15117-45-0 15758-24-4 15237-97-5 13982-11-1 15765-19-2 13981-17-4 15720-29-3 22095-76-7 26150-38-9 26250-43-1 15840-02-5 15840-03-6 15756-90-8 18396-20-8 15750-23-9 15750-24-0 15750-26-2 15752-34-8 29665-18-7 13966-02-4 14390-89-7 14333-33-6 14762-75-5 13981-56-1 13966-32-0 13982-04-2 14276-49-4 15092-72-5 14596-37-3 15749-66-3 15117-53-0 13981-43-6 14158-34-0 15585-26-9 13966-00-2 14378-21-3 14903-02-7 14378-22-4 15706-41-9 14092-95-6 13966-05-7

14391-99-2 14276-61-0 14391-94-7 13967-63-0 14391-96-9 14391-86-7 14391-97-0 15749-33-4 14392-00-8 14867-38-0 14833-09-1 15758-14-2 14392-02-0 14392-03-1 14092-99-0 14999-33-8 13966-31-9 14681-52-8 14093-04-0 14681-59-5 14596-12-4 32020-21-6 13982-25-7 14093-03-9 13981-50-5 13981-38-9 10198-40-0 14331-97-6 14392-01-9 13981-83-4 14809-62-2 14932-64-0 13981-99-2 14336-70-0 13981-37-8 14833-49-9 15766-33-3 13982-06-4 15128-03-7 13981-25-4 15757-86-5 14833-23-9 14833-26-2 13982-39-3 13982-23-5 14914-52-4 15743-55-2 12266-32-9 22840-34-2 51-90-1 10026-10-5 10049-14-6 13536-84-0 10102-06-4 7783-81-5 1344-57-6 1344-58-7 1344-59-8 14682-66-7 15092-71-4

LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: TECHNICAL REPORT ENTRY MONTH: 199905 TITLE ABBREVIATION: NTIS Technical Report (NTIS/PB94-121787) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/99000059 LAST REVISION DATE: 19990503 28 TITLE: Hard Metal Disease AUTHORS: Sprince NL SOURCE: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Second Edition, W. N. Rom, Editor; Little, Brown and Company, Boston, Massachusetts, pages 791-798, 40 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: Hard metal disease (HMD) was reviewed. The general background and occurrence of HMD were outlined. HMD which is clinically known as interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most frequently seen respiratory disease in tungsten-carbide production workers. The first cases of HMD appeared in Europe in 1940 where tungsten-carbide production was first started in the 1920s. The first US cases appeared in the mid 1940s. A series of laboratory animal studies in the 1950s suggested that cobalt (7440484) was the causal agent for ILD whereas tungsten and tungsten-carbide were inert. The epidemiological aspects of ILD were considered. A number of studies of active tungsten- carbide workers have found a general prevalence of radiographic abnormalities of 2.6% or less. One study found a prevalence of 12.8%. Since these studies investigated actively employed workers, it was thought that the frequency and severity of ILD was probably underestimated. Workers at risk for ILD in tungsten-carbide production include grinders and sharpeners of tungsten-carbide tools and diamond polishers who use cobalt containing discs. Occupational asthma and its possible association with ILD in hard metal workers were considered. ILD and occupational asthma usually occur independently of each other; however, a possible association between the two has been seen in some patients. Cobalt induced T-lymphocyte mediated sensitization as measured in lymphocyte transformation tests and its relationship to ILD pathogenesis were discussed. The risk of ILD among diamond polishers and sintered carbide grinders was considered. Relationships between cobalt exposure and ILD were discussed. Although the current US time weighted average standard for cobalt is 50 micrograms per cubic meter, data from several studies have suggested that some

workers exposed at lower levels develop ILD and occupational asthma. Several studies have also suggested that factors other than cobalt exposure, such as variations in host susceptibility, may play a role in the etiology of ILD. KEYWORDS: DCN-221989 Hard metal disease Hard metals Occupational exposure Epidemiology Tungsten compounds Respiratory system disorders Chemical hypersensitivity Transition metals Bronchial asthma CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00222251 29 TITLE: Contribution of maternal radionuclide burdens to prenatal radiation doses. AUTHORS: Sikov MR Hui TE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA. SOURCE: NTIS Technical Report (NTIS/NUREG/CR-5631-REV-2) 1996 May;2:400 pp. ABSTRACT: This report describes approaches to calculating and expressing radiation doses to the embryo/fetus from internal radionuclides. Information for occupationally and medically significant radioelements was used to derive biokinetic transfer models and integrated with metabolic patterns. Placental transfer and radioactivity levels in the embryo/fetus were calculated as a function of stage of pregnancy and time after administration and are given as tables of deposition and retention in the embryo/fetus. Methodologies described by MIRD were extended to calculate radiation absorbed doses to the embryo/fetus using a scenerio that assumed injection of a bolus into the woman's blood. Calculations were performed for administration at successive months of pregnancy to accommodate stage dependence of geometric relationships and biological behaviors of radionuclides. The gestational-stage-dependent dosimetric dose factors are based on radiation absorbed doses. Multiplication by appropriate quality factors convert these to dose equivalent, the most common quantity for stating prenatal dose limits in the United States. The dose factor

tabulations are supplemented with tables of correlations and surrogate dose factors. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Pregnancy Human Female Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. *Radiation Dosage Fetus/*RADIATION EFFECTS *Body Burden *Maternal Exposure Radioisotopes Maternal-Fetal Exchange CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN 10028-17-8 13966-02-4 14390-89-7 14333-33-6 14762-75-5 13981-56-1 13966-32-0 13982-04-2 15092-71-4 14682-66-7 14276-49-4 15092-72-5 14596-37-3 15749-66-3 15117-53-0 13981-43-6 14158-34-0 15585-26-9 13966-00-2 14378-21-3 14903-02-7 14378-22-4 15706-41-9 14092-95-6 13966-05-7 14391-99-2 14276-61-0 14391-94-7 13967-63-0 14391-96-9 14391-86-7 14391-97-0 15749-33-4 14392-00-8 14867-38-0 14331-97-6 14392-01-9 14833-09-1 15758-14-2 14392-02-0 14392-03-1 14092-99-0 14999-33-8

13966-31-9 14681-52-8 14093-04-0 14681-59-5 14596-12-4 32020-21-6 13982-25-7 14093-03-9 13981-50-5 13981-38-9 10198-40-0 13981-83-4 14809-62-2 14932-64-0 13981-99-2 14336-70-0 13981-37-8 14833-49-9 15766-33-3 13982-06-4 15128-03-7 13981-25-4 15757-86-5 14833-23-9 14833-26-2 13982-39-3 13982-23-5 14914-52-4 15743-55-2 16922-44-4 14119-08-5 14119-09-6 15757-14-9 14391-74-3 13982-22-4 15034-51-2 15756-84-0 15756-76-0 15756-77-1 15034-49-8 14374-81-3 14687-40-2 14687-59-3 15756-83-9 14809-44-0 14809-45-1 16685-55-5 15755-33-6 15422-59-0 14304-78-0 15575-20-9 14687-61-7 15755-35-8 19869-93-3 15422-57-8 14265-71-5 15758-45-9 15422-58-9 14687-60-6 15720-26-0

14809-47-3 15765-38-5 15765-39-6 14391-61-8 14686-69-2 14687-62-8 14331-90-9 14809-48-4 18268-34-3 14391-63-0 17056-36-9 15765-86-3 14932-53-7 13982-13-3 14928-36-0 14191-65-2 15701-15-2 14809-49-5 14809-50-8 14809-51-9 13967-73-2 13982-64-4 14158-27-1 10098-97-2 14331-91-0 14928-29-1 14809-53-1 14274-68-1 13982-36-0 10098-91-6 14234-24-3 15751-59-4 14981-70-5 15422-72-7 15422-71-6 15743-56-3 14681-75-5 13981-27-6 15751-77-6 13967-71-0 14928-30-4 14681-74-4 15700-40-0 14681-65-3 7440-03-1 14681-63-1 13967-76-5 15832-32-3 18496-04-3 15700-41-1 15690-77-4 14119-13-2 14119-15-4 14119-14-3 14809-55-3 14809-56-4 14808-44-7 15759-35-0 32025-58-4 14133-76-7

14913-92-9 15701-17-4 15125-02-7 15758-35-7 13968-53-1 14331-95-4 13967-48-1 15765-79-4 15765-80-7 14378-53-1 15765-82-9 7440-16-6 UNKNOWN 14234-34-5 15706-50-0 15690-69-4 15749-54-9 14967-68-1 17637-99-9 14981-64-7 14833-32-0 14967-69-2 15116-79-7 14928-14-4 14333-39-2 14391-65-2 14391-76-5 15760-04-0 14331-86-3 15760-07-3 30905-38-5 14709-52-5 14109-32-1 14336-66-4 14336-68-6 15139-70-5 14833-35-3 14133-75-6 15750-15-9 14391-66-3 14885-78-0 13981-55-0 14191-71-0 14191-69-6 14914-66-0 23308-12-5 15700-33-1 15720-78-2 13966-06-8 13981-59-4 14314-35-3 14683-06-8 14683-07-9 14683-08-0 15832-50-5 15690-89-8 16645-96-8 17620-10-9 15755-27-8 15755-18-7

14391-67-4 14914-68-2 14391-68-5 14374-79-9 14683-10-4 14234-35-6 15756-32-8 13968-50-8 15756-34-0 14331-88-5 15756-35-1 15756-29-3 15125-45-8 14304-79-1 14304-80-4 14390-73-9 13981-49-2 14269-71-7 14683-12-6 14234-28-7 15759-52-1 15701-09-4 15480-34-9 15755-17-6 15715-08-9 14158-30-6 14158-31-7 14158-32-8 14391-72-1 15046-84-1 14914-02-4 10043-66-0 14683-16-0 14834-67-4 14914-27-3 14834-68-5 15758-27-7 15720-35-1 15047-05-9 15066-92-9 14914-76-2 15758-03-9 13967-70-9 15726-30-4 14234-29-8 10045-97-3 15758-29-9 15229-36-4 15741-25-0 14914-75-1 13981-41-4 14698-58-9 14378-25-7 14798-08-4 15741-29-4 18879-37-3 15715-04-5 15066-93-0 15816-85-0 14834-69-6

15816-87-2 13981-28-7 15816-88-3 15816-89-4 16729-61-6 15055-11-5 15757-94-5 13968-49-5 13982-30-4 13967-74-3 14119-19-8 14762-78-8 22095-53-0 15125-66-3 15481-22-8 14191-76-5 14191-64-1 14981-79-4 14119-05-2 15765-23-8 15765-24-9 22095-52-9 15700-34-2 18411-36-4 14877-64-6 14269-74-0 15749-81-2 15690-82-1 14952-27-3 14834-72-1 14834-73-2 15706-44-2 14834-74-3 14380-75-7 14683-19-3 15765-31-8 15720-47-5 15766-03-7 14877-67-9 15701-12-9 15065-02-8 15715-94-3 15766-00-4 14391-31-2 15759-70-3 14981-86-3 14907-88-1 14191-78-7 15840-15-0 14907-89-2 15840-16-1 14683-23-9 15585-10-1 14391-16-3 14280-35-4 14280-36-5 14041-40-8 23315-89-1 14952-32-0 14952-31-9

14937-16-7 14937-17-8 14276-65-4 14041-42-0 26209-85-8 15065-93-7 15065-95-9 14998-51-7 14981-98-7 15758-64-2 14391-17-4 14391-10-7 14391-18-5 15759-55-4 13981-29-8 14391-19-6 14982-00-4 14981-97-6 14280-34-3 13967-64-1 15840-01-4 15125-75-4 15832-34-5 15750-02-4 14391-20-9 15700-49-9 15749-97-0 13967-65-2 15750-04-6 14967-67-0 14041-43-1 15840-13-8 14391-45-8 15840-14-9 15832-57-2 15690-75-2 14391-22-1 13981-30-1 14333-45-0 15720-75-9 14041-46-4 14041-47-5 24347-38-4 14834-83-4 14041-45-3 14269-78-4 14041-44-2 14119-23-4 29919-07-1 15715-05-6 15741-32-9 15752-27-9 14093-12-0 14391-24-3 14914-12-6 14452-47-2 14265-75-9 14683-30-8 15755-89-2 14922-51-1

14093-11-9 15757-23-0 15750-13-7 14093-09-5 14265-77-1 14265-76-0 14265-78-2 14900-21-1 29492-85-1 15832-40-3 29687-28-3 15759-26-9 22095-77-8 15758-54-0 15759-28-1 15758-55-1 15759-27-0 15055-22-8 14391-27-6 15759-29-2 13982-00-8 14683-36-4 15701-21-0 15701-22-1 15701-16-3 15749-43-6 15749-44-7 15055-23-9 14683-32-0 15749-46-9 14932-41-3 14983-48-3 24421-27-0 18853-09-3 18853-08-2 14993-65-8 21459-71-2 14983-46-1 14998-63-1 14391-29-8 14378-26-8 15765-78-3 14993-35-2 14993-64-7 14993-36-3 15766-50-4 15761-06-5 14119-24-5 16057-77-5 15766-57-1 29054-62-4 27742-26-3 29054-43-1 24447-13-0 14834-71-0 15752-22-4 14265-84-0 14981-91-0 14694-69-0 14158-35-1

15816-99-6 14993-39-6 14922-70-4 15055-30-8 15706-36-2 15735-70-3 14191-88-9 15735-74-7 15706-54-4 29687-31-8 13982-20-2 15756-89-5 14320-93-5 10043-49-9 14391-11-8 20091-45-6 23238-59-7 15116-82-2 15064-97-8 15756-15-7 13981-51-6 14191-87-8 13982-78-0 18235-46-6 26683-69-2 14107-52-9 15743-50-7 15064-66-1 15720-55-5 15064-65-0 15720-57-7 13968-51-9 35788-48-8 16646-00-7 27486-00-6 16645-99-1 17239-87-1 15752-86-0 14687-25-3 14119-28-9 14119-30-3 14255-04-0 15816-77-0 15092-94-1 15067-28-4 17239-85-9 14280-38-7 14687-50-4 24383-94-6 14333-38-1 13982-38-2 14331-79-4 14913-49-6 15776-20-2 14733-03-0 16729-74-1 16729-76-3 15720-45-3 13981-52-7 20601-76-7

15755-39-2 36840-25-2 15756-98-6 15623-45-7 13233-32-4 13981-53-8 13982-63-3 15743-84-7 15262-20-1 15755-98-3 14265-85-1 20379-10-6 14952-40-0 14331-83-0 15571-75-2 15623-47-9 14274-82-9 15594-54-4 14269-63-7 14932-40-2 7440-29-1 15065-10-8 29901-97-1 15766-09-3 15766-10-6 14331-85-2 15766-06-0 13981-14-1 15100-28-4 15743-51-8 15700-08-0 14158-29-3 13968-55-3 13966-29-5 15117-96-1 13982-70-2 14269-75-1 7440-61-1 13982-01-9 15687-53-3 29687-52-3 15832-46-9 15116-90-2 15700-37-5 15700-36-4 13994-20-2 15766-25-3 13968-59-7 15690-84-3 34018-47-8 14928-39-3 15411-92-4 15411-93-5 13981-16-3 15117-48-3 14119-33-6 14119-32-5 13982-10-0 15706-37-3 14119-34-7

18784-52-6 15756-66-8 29492-78-2 18233-96-0 16652-10-1 15116-95-7 14596-10-2 13981-54-9 14993-75-0 15756-26-0 16415-43-3 15776-16-6 15411-90-2 15411-91-3 15510-73-3 15757-87-6 13981-15-2 15621-76-8 15757-90-1 15758-32-4 15758-33-5 15701-07-2 15743-83-6 16652-07-6 15715-02-3 15752-38-2 14900-25-5 15755-53-0 16044-16-9 15117-45-0 15758-24-4 15237-97-5 13982-11-1 15765-19-2 13981-17-4 15720-29-3 22095-76-7 26150-38-9 26250-43-1 15840-02-5 15840-03-6 15756-90-8 18396-20-8 15750-23-9 15750-24-0 15750-26-2 15752-34-8 29665-18-7 630-08-0 124-38-9 50-99-7 50-88-4 3545-96-8 18453-57-1 14543-09-0 68-19-9 41183-64-6 23288-60-0 63767-78-2 15478-11-2

13983-27-2 14932-42-4 14995-62-1 14859-67-7 15785-07-6 53231-79-1 7446-18-6 10099-74-8 20425-72-3 UNKNOWN UNKNOWN 50454-44-9 26677-58-7 40850-03-1 UNKNOWN 65438-08-6 153546-52-2 63347-65-9 UNKNOWN 99944-78-2 125224-05-7 109581-73-9 UNKNOWN 7704-34-9 8027-28-9 16284-59-6 UNKNOWN UNKNOWN 65717-97-7 7790-26-3 41927-88-2 12266-32-9 22840-34-2 10026-10-5 10049-14-6 7783-81-5 13536-84-0 1344-57-6 1344-58-7 1344-59-8 UNKNOWN LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: TECHNICAL REPORT ENTRY MONTH: 199906 TITLE ABBREVIATION: NTIS Technical Report (NTIS/NUREG/CR-5631-REV-2) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/99000152 LAST REVISION DATE:

19990603 30 TITLE: Substoichiometric Determination of Tungsten by Neutron Activation Analysis AUTHORS: Nadkarni RA Haldar BC SOURCE: Journal of Radioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 8, pages 45-51, 12 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: A substoichiometric method for the determination of microgram amounts of tungsten (7440337) was developed. The method was based on the extraction of tungsten on the extraction of tungsten with toluene-3,4-dithiol in amyl-acetate by thermal neutron activation. Samples of alloy steel, meteorites, and biological standard kale were powdered and irradiated in a reactor. Standards were prepared. Radioactivity of irradiated samples was measured. Tungsten was extracted from samples into amyl-acetate with zinc-dithiol. Values for tungsten in alloy steel were in good agreement when compared with other methods. In kale, the results were in very good agreement with recommended values. In meteorites, there was a large number of replicate determinations that were in excellent agreement with each other. Decontamination of tungsten was good. In an artificial mixture containing 0.00673 microgram, 0.00719 microgram was found. In alloy steel, sample containing 0.28 percent tungsten was found to contain 0.278 percent. The authors conclude that the method is simple, rapid, and accurate. KEYWORDS: DCN-120289 Analytical methods Chemical properties Analytical chemistry Absorption rates Chemical analysis Laboratory testing Sampling methods Analytical instruments Irradiation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: JRACBN ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00128882 31 TITLE:

Maximum Permissible Content Of Tritanium And Tungsten Nitride, Silicide And Carbide Powders And Dust In The Air AUTHORS: Mezentseeva NV SOURCE: Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2(20), pages 112-113, 3 references, 19611961 ABSTRACT: The toxicities of aerosols of tungsten-carbide (12070121), tungsten-silicide (12627417), titanium-carbide (12070085), and titanium-nitride (11116168) were studied in rats to determine a maximum permissible content (MPC) values in air. A suspension of 50 milligrams of the appropriate powder in 0.5 milliliters of saline was introduced into the respiratory tract by the blood free intratracheal method. The animals were killed after 7 and 10 months and the internal organs were examined histologically. With the exception of the lungs, there were no changes in the organs after treatment. In the respiratory system, there were some changes in the cellular reaction in septa, the peribronchial reaction, and the perivascular reaction. However, the compounds caused less or no greater toxicity than had been seen with the parent metals, tungsten (7440337) and titanium (7440326), or with the metal oxides, tungsten-trioxide (1314358) and titanium-dioxide (13463677). The changes were not different at 7 and 10 months. The authors conclude that the MPC for tungsten-carbide and tungsten-silicide in air should be the same as that for tungsten, 6 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3). The values for titanium-carbide and titanium-nitride should be the same as that for titanium-oxide, 10mg/m3. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-129688 TRANS Metallic compounds Dust exposure Air contamination Toxic dose Dose response Animal studies Biochemical analysis Medical monitoring Safety research CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 12627-41-7 12070-08-5 11116-16-8 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 1314-35-8 13463-67-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1961

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00138245 32 TITLE: Distribution of Tungstate in Pregnant Mice and Effects on Embryonic Cells In Vitro AUTHORS: Wide M Danielsson BRG Dencker L SOURCE: Environmental Research, Vol. 40, No. 2, pages 487-498, 23 reference, 19861986 ABSTRACT: Whole body autoradiography and impulse counting experiments, using tungsten-185 (W-185) labeled tungstate, were carried out to obtain information on the distribution of tungsten (7440337) in pregnant NMRI-mice, to determine whether the isotope reaches the implanted embryo and fetus, and whether it is taken up in the placenta or the reproductive system of the mother. Tail vein injections of 120 micrograms per kilogram or 20mg/kg were given on days 12 or 17 of gestation. The retention of tungsten was estimated by varying the time between the injection of W-185 and the sacrifice of the pregnant mice. The cytotoxic effect of tungstate was also tested in-vitro, using chick limb bud mesenchymal cells differentiating into chondrocytes. A rapid uptake was recorded in the skeleton, red pulp of the spleen, adrenals, liver, thyroid, pituitary, ovaries, intestine and kidneys of both adult males and pregnant female mice; there was rapid kidney and intestinal excretion. In a C57Bl mouse, radioactivity accumulated in the ciliary body, iris and retina; this was not recorded in albino mice. The largest maternal retention occurred in the skeleton, kidneys and spleen; in the fetus, retention was highest in the visceral yolk sac epithelium and the skeleton. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that tungstate inhibited cartilage production in limb bud mesenchymal tissue at concentrations similar to those used in-vivo; as measured by densitometry, tungsten affected chondrogenesis at a concentration between 150 and 200 micromolar. The concentration of tungsten in embryonic tissues was about 100 micromolar at 1 hour after treatment with tungsten in a dose of 2mg/kg on day 12 of gestation. The authors conclude that tungsten is readily transported from mother to fetus, more so in late than in early gestation. KEYWORDS: DCN-150543 Heavy metals Metallic poisoning Tungsten compounds Laboratory animals Tissue distribution Transplacental exposure In vitro studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: ENVRAL

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00163963 33 TITLE: Some Data On The Influence Of Vegetables Enriched With Cobalt And Tungsten On The Animal Organism AUTHORS: Seidov IM SOURCE: Voprosy Pitaniya, Vol. 23, No. 2, pages 73-77, 16 references, 19641964 ABSTRACT: The effects of eating vegetables irrigated with waste water containing cobalt (7440484) (Co) and tungsten (7440337) were studied in rabbits. Agricultural plots containing cabbage and carrots were irrigated with undiluted industrial waste water that contained 6528 milligrams (mg) Co and 2763mg tungsten; waste water diluted in a 1 to 1 ratio with tap water and containing 3269mg Co and 1384mg tungsten; and tap water. The Co and tungsten contents of vegetables were determined. The vegetables were fed to rabbits for 75 days. At 15 day intervals, the animals were observed for growth, and samples were obtained for blood chemistry studies. Selected animals were killed and examined for gross and histopathological changes. The largest tungsten and Co concentrations were found in the vegetables grown in the plots irrigated with undiluted waste water. Rabbits that ate the vegetables irrigated with undiluted waste water received 2.64 times more Co and 6 times more tungsten than did rabbits eating vegetables irrigated with tap water. Animals eating the vegetables irrigated with diluted waste water received 1.8 times more Co and 1.67 times more tungsten than did the controls. Animals that ate vegetables irrigated with waste water gained weight at a slightly faster rate. The number of erythrocytes and the amounts of hemoglobin and cholesterol were slightly increased in rabbits eating vegetables irrigated with waste water. Pathological changes included increased activity of the thyroid and erythropoiesis of the bone marrow in experimental animals. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-124614 TRANS Metals Glandular disorders Bone disorders Biochemical analysis Physiological measurements Animal studies Dose response Toxic effects Blood analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4

7440-48-4 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1964 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136417 34 TITLE: Some Problems Of The Influence Of Tungsten Dust On The Organism AUTHORS: Vengerskaya KhYa Salikhodzhayev SS SOURCE: Gigiyena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya, Vol. 6, No. 3, pages 27-29, 10 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: The effect of tungsten (7440337) on blood sugar and chloride, urine and liver functions was investigated in workers exposed in an alloy manufacturing factory. A total of 178 workers were examined. Eighty one percent (52 males, 126 females) had been exposed for up to 3 years. Blood and urine samples were collected and analyzed for sugar, hippuric-acid, and chlorides. Sodium-benzoate load test was used to determine liver disorders and air samples were collected and determined for tungsten and cobalt (7440484) contents. Tungsten content in air during the various operations ranged from 0.75 to 6.1 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) and cobalt from 0.6 to 3.2mg/m3. Cobalt concentration was significantly higher than values generally considered permissible (0.5mg/m3). Eighty eight workers showed clinical signs which included dyspnea, coughing, heart palpitations, headache, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite, and olfactory disorders. Complaints were mostly from reducers and inspectors. Blood concentrations of tungsten varied from traces to 1.9mg percent. Tungsten content in urine averaged from 0.6 to 1.1mg per liter. Blood sugar was normal in 29 workers, slightly elevated in 8, and suggestive of liver function disorders in 14. In the tests, 19 of 31 workers showed values indicating disorders of the detoxifying type. Press operators had the highest incidence of disorder. The press operators also had the highest chloride value for blood and urine and the reducers the lowest. Thirty two of 39 workers had depressed urine chloride content. The authors conclude that tungsten and cobalt exposure produces increased sugar in blood and depresses the antitoxic function of the liver. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-122658 TRANS Physiological response Biological effects Clinical diagnosis Blood analysis Biological factors Dust exposure

Air sampling Toxic effects Clinical symptoms CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: GTFZAB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129987 35 TITLE: Effects Of Molybdenum And Tungsten On Mammary Carcinogenesis In SD Rats AUTHORS: Wei H-J Luo X-M Yang SP SOURCE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 74, No. 2, pages 469-473, 22 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: The inhibitory effect of molybdenum (7439987) and tungsten (7440337) on mammary carcinogenesis was investigated in SD-rats. Female rats were fed 10 parts per million (ppm) molybdenum or received 150ppm tungsten in their drinking water. Controls received demineralized water. All animals received single intravenous injections of 5 milligrams per gram N-nitroso-N-methylurea (615532) (NMU). Animals were killed on day 125 or 298 after NMU administration. None of the control rats developed mammary tumors. NMU alone produced mammary carcinomas with 97.8 percent being adenocarcinomas and 2.2 percent being fibroadenomas. Most carcinomas were highly aggressive but nonmetastatic. Rats given NMU without molybdenum or tungsten showed a 50 percent mammary tumor rate at 125 days. Molybdenum treated rats showed a slight but insignificant decrease in carcinoma incidence (45.5 percent). Rats given tungsten exhibited a significant increase in carcinoma incidence (79.2 percent). The molybdenum group killed at 198 days showed carcinoma incidence of 50 percent compared to 90.5 percent for the untreated group and 95.7 percent for the tungsten treated groups. Palpable tumors were first seen on days 56 and 71 in the tungsten treated and untreated groups, respectively, after NMU treatment. Single injection of NMU significantly increase hepatic molybdenum concentration in the molybdenum treated group while in animals receiving tungsten, the hepatic molybdenum content was below the detectable limit of 0.01 microgram per gram dry weight. The authors conclude that molybdenum has an inhibitory effect on mammary carcinogenesis in mice. KEYWORDS: DCN-134348

Animal studies Industrial chemicals Quantitative analysis Toxicology Hygiene Chemical composition Trace metals Industrial emissions Chemical analysis Occupational hazards Industrial environment CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 615-53-2 CODEN: JNCIAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00147452 36 TITLE: Solvent Extraction Procedures for the Determination of Tungsten in Ores AUTHORS: Rao PD SOURCE: Atomic Absorption Newsletter, Vol. 9, No. 6, pages 131-132, 3 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: A method is described for solvent extraction of tungsten (7440337), allowing rapid atomic absorption determination of tungsten at low concentrations. The method is based on the conversion of tungstate to phosphotungstate which can be effectively extracted into diisobutyl-ketone (108838) containing Aliquat 336 (5137553). The procedure is adequate for ores containing more than 0.5 percent tungsten. A sacrifice of precision will permit analysis of samples containing lower tungsten. KEYWORDS: DCN-178848 Refractory metals Analytical methods Microanalysis Atomic absorption spectrometry Inorganic compounds Solvent extraction Tungsten compounds Cemented tungsten carbide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 108-83-8 5137-55-3 CODEN: AABNAC ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074909 37 TITLE: Tungsten Carbide Pulmonary Fibrosis A Case Report AUTHORS: Bartl F Lichtenstein ME SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 37, pages 668-670, 3 references, 19761976 ABSTRACT: A case of pulmonary fibrosis is reported of a 34-year-old tool grinder. He was found to have diffuse bilateral, poorly delineated parenchymatous densities distributed evenly in upper and lower lobes on X-ray films of the chest. Ventilatory findings are given. Microscopic examination of lung biopsy material showed multi-focal pulmonary scarring with associated patchy interstitial fibrosis. There were non-specific reactive changes in a hilar lymph node. During his 15 year job history, the employee performed tool or drill grinding a total of 7 years, 42 months of which involved work with tungsten-carbide alloys. Intermittent adverse exposures to tungsten-carbide dust may have occurred as early as June, 1966. The observed interstitial fibrosis in the employee is considered consistent with the magnitude of his potential exposure to tungsten-carbide dust containing cobalt (7440484). No specific reference is made to tungsten (7440337) in this paper. KEYWORDS: DCN-178858 Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Hazards Respiratory system disorders Lung disorders Lung fibrosis Metalworking Tool making Toolmakers Industrial factory workers Grinders Tungsten alloys

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074920 38 TITLE: Evaluation of Tungsten and Lead Surgical Gloves for Radiation Protection AUTHORS: Vano E Fernandez JM Delgado V Gonzalez L SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 68, No. 6, pages 855-858, 5 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: The ability of tungsten and lead lined surgical gloves to protect against X-ray exposure was evaluated. Eleven commercial brands of lined gloves, nine containing lead at mass thicknesses of 0.05 to 0.23 kilogram per square meter (kg/m2) and two containing tungsten at mass thicknesses of 0.23 and 0.25mg/m2, were tested. The gloves were exposed to 60, 80, 102, and 125 kilovolt potential (kVp) X-rays in an experimental chamber. The degree of attenuation of the X-radiation by the gloves was measured using an ion chamber placed behind the gloves. The experimental values were compared with data supplied by the manufacturers. The tactile quality of the gloves was evaluated by radiology specialists using a four point scale. A numerical attenuation simulation experiment was performed using four pattern X-ray spectra produced at 60, 80, 100, and 120kVp and the known atomic properties of lead and tungsten to determine the equivalent linear thickness of the elements in the gloves for attenuating the radiation. The measured attenuation values generally did not agree with those supplied by the manufacturers. For example, the percentage attenuation of a glove containing 0.23kg/m2 lead for the 60, 80, 102, and 125kVp X-rays averaged 51, 41, 34, and 29%, respectively. The attenuation percentages claimed by the manufacturer were 76, 65, 60, and 53%, respectively. Thicker gloves generally provided better protection (higher attenuation levels) than thinner gloves, but had poorer tactile quality. The exception was the two tungsten lined gloves which had high attenuation levels and good tactile ratings. The tungsten lined gloves had equivalent linear thicknesses of 0.012 and 0.013 millimeters which were comparable to most of the lead lined gloves. The authors conclude that tungsten offers clear advantages over lead for X-rays in protective gloves over the range of X-ray energies used in diagnostic radiology. KEYWORDS:

DCN-227416 Radiation protection Protective clothing Hand protection Ionizing radiation Laboratory testing Simulation methods Radiologists Spectrographic analysis X ray technicians CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00227308 39 TITLE: Toxic Effect of Refractory Compounds and Measures for Preventing Occupational Diseases among Workers in Powder Metallurgy Plants AUTHORS: Brakhnova IT SOURCE: Studies in Soviet Science Environmental Hazards of Metals Toxicity of Powdered Metals and Metal Compounds, Consultants Bureau, New York, New York, pages 115-159 and 231-249, 19751975 ABSTRACT: Toxicity data in animals are given regarding transition metal borides and carbides, transition metal silicides, refractory nitrides and rare earth refractory compounds. Measures for preventing occupational diseases among workers in powder metallurgy plants are described. Compounds tested for toxicity include boron-carbide, titanium-carbide, zirconium-carbide, chromium-carbide, molybdenum-disilicide, and titanium-silicide. Studies in white rats indicate that tungsten-silicide has a moderate fibrogenic effect. The pathogenesis, histopathology, liver changes, and cytopathology are given. The effects with tungsten-silicide were similar to those with tungstic-oxide (1314358) and metallic tungsten (7440337). The maximum allowable concentration for these tungsten compounds is 6 milligrams per cubic meter. The phagocytic activity of molybdenum and tungsten-silicide dust is described. The maximum allowable concentration of aerosols of metals and their compounds, some volatile and gaseous substances and dust of refractory compounds, chalcogenides and carbonyls are listed. The production processes of sintered articles from refractory compounds, iron powders by reduction, and carbonyl iron powders are described. Recommendations for reducing dusts include use of vacuum-air systems, movable loading spouts and pneumatic transport systems. Diagrams are given of a packing machine with discharge holes next to the bottom of the container, a packing machine with a rotating-vane feeder, and a device for loading powdered materials into a container. Medical considerations include early detection of disorders and parameters to measure. (Russian; English translation available)

KEYWORDS: DCN-178853 TRANS Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Hazards Dosage Metal fabrication workers Primary metallurgical processes Exposure limits Host resistance Threshold limit values Liver disorders Respiratory system disorders Work operations Control measures CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-35-8 1314-35-8 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074915 40 TITLE: Glutamine Metabolism Changes In The Liver And The Brain Of The Rat, Induced By Metallic Molybdenum And Tungsten Ions AUTHORS: Capilna S Ghizari E Ababei L SOURCE: Academia Republicii Populare Romine Studii, Vol. 8, No. 1, pages 75-80, 9 references, 19631963 ABSTRACT: The effects of molybdenum (7439987) (Mo) and tungsten (7440337) on brain and liver glutamine metabolism were investigated. Rats were given intraperitoneal injections of 500 micrograms per day of Mo or disodium-tungstate (13472452) for 100 days. At 40, 60, 80, and 100 days, rats were killed, and livers and brains were analyzed for glutaminase activity. Both Mo and tungsten inhibited liver glutaminase activity. Inhibition was greater and occurred earlier with the tungsten than with Mo. In the brain, Mo caused significant decreases in glutamic-acid and gamma-amino-butyric-acid (GABA) activities. Tungsten had no effect on brain glutamic-acid content. The GABA content was slightly increased at first after tungsten treatment, then was reduced below control values. In Mo treated rats, the reductions in glutamic-acid were correlated with the inhibition of glutaminase. The authors suggest that Mo and tungsten

affect liver and brain glutaminase activity by inducing the catalytic oxidation of the active sulfhydryl groups into inactive sulfur/sulfur bond groups. The subcellular activity of both metals is directed selectively at the mitochondria. (Romanian) KEYWORDS: DCN-123406 TRANS Hepatotoxicity Neurotoxicity Liver disorders Brain disorders Metals Metal poisoning Animal studies Laboratory testing Toxicology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 13472-45-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1963 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135528 41 TITLE: Comparative evaluation of the in vitro micronucleus test and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay for the detection of DNA damaging agents: genotoxic effects of cobalt powder, tungsten carbide and cobalt-tungsten carbide. AUTHORS: Van Goethem F Lison D Kirsch-Volders M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Laboratory of Antropogenetics, Faculty of Science, Free University Brussels (VUB), Belgium. fvgoethe@vnet3.vub.ac.be SOURCE: Mutat Res 1997 Aug 1;392(1-2):31-43 ABSTRACT: Although it is well known that micronuclei may arise from either DNA breakage leading to acentric chromosome fragments or from chromosome/chromatid lagging in anaphase, the ratio between the amount of DNA breakage induced and the frequency of micronuclei expressed in the following interphase is unclear. With the development of the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay, which measures single strand and/or double strand breaks in a cell by cell approach, it is new possible to

address this question at the cellular level. We therefore compared the genotoxic potential of pure cobalt powder (Co) and a cobalt-containing alloy, cobalt-tungsten carbide (WC-Co), involved in specific lung disorders, in parallel with the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay (comet assay) and the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (MN) test, both carried out in vitro on isolated human leukocytes. The comet assay indicated that the WC-Co mixture produced a higher level of DNA damage than Co alone; WC alone was not able to induce a dose-dependent DNA breakage effect as was seen for Co and WC-Co. Results from the MN test confirmed these observations. It was clear that the clastogenic property of Co-containing dust is significantly enhanced when the Co metal is mixed with WC and suggested that their physicochemical characteristics may act as one of the important parameters responsible for the increased incidence of lung cancers observed in the population of hard metal workers. In agreement with data obtained in the same laboratory on liposoluble chemicals (PCBs and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons) and from the literature, the results indicate that both the comet assay and the micronucleus test were able to detect differences in the genotoxic potential of the compounds studied. Although the micronucleus test seemed to be less sensitive to assess a synergistic DNA damaging potential of the mixture involved, it detects chromosomal aberrations (chromosome/genome mutations) and not just repairable DNA breakage or alkali-labile sites. Combination of the comet assay and the in vitro MN test might therefore be recommended for genotoxins to understand the mechanisms underlying mutagenicity and to assess the lowest efficient dose. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE TISSUE CULTURED: LYMPHOCYTES-DIVISION BLOCKED LEUKOCYTES CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS ASSAY: CYTOLOGICAL EFFECTS EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Adult Alloys/TOXICITY Cells, Cultured Cobalt/*TOXICITY Comparative Study Electrophoresis, Agar Gel/*METHODS Evaluation Studies Human Lymphocytes Micronucleus Tests/*METHODS Mutagens/*TOXICITY Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Tungsten/TOXICITY Tungsten Compounds/*TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: UNKNOWN 11130-73-7

7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0027-5107 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199711 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NNA TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutat Res YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/97414644 EMIC/104168 LAST REVISION DATE: 19971105 42 TITLE: Criteria for a Recommended Standard... Occupational Exposure to Tungsten and Cemented Tungsten Carbide AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Robert A. Taft Laboratories, NIOSH, Cincinnati, Ohio, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 77-127, Contract No. 099-74-0031, 182 pages, 108 references, 19771977 ABSTRACT: The recommended standard compiled by NIOSH requires that occupational exposure to insoluble tungsten (7440337) and to soluble tungsten shall be controlled so than employees are not exposed at concentrations greater than 5 milligrams and 1 milligram, respectively, of tungsten per cubic meter of air, determined as a time weighted average (TWA) concentration for up to a 10 hour shift in a 40 hour week. Recommended levels for occupational exposure to dust of cemented tungsten carbide containing more than 2 percent cobalt (7440484) or more than 0.3 percent nickel (7440020) are established at 0.1 milligram of cobalt and 15 micrograms of nickel per cubic meter of air, determined as a TWA concentration for up to a 10 hour shift in a 40 hour week. Recommendations are also made for sampling and analysis, medical surveillance and counseling, engineering controls, work practices, and personal protective clothing and equipment. (Contract No. 099-74-0031) KEYWORDS:

DCN-178726 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Criteria Document NIOSH Contract Contract 099 74 0031 Industrial hygiene Toxicology Air quality control Exposure limits Analytical methods Sampling methods Preventive medicine Safety engineering Refractory metals Metal poisoning Dust control Heavy metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074596 43 TITLE: Spectrophotometric Determination of Tungsten in Tantalum, Titanium, and Zirconium Using Dithiol AUTHORS: Greenberg P SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 29, pages 896-898, 7 references, 19571957 ABSTRACT: A method was developed for the spectrophotometric determination of tungsten (7440337) in the presence of readily hydrolyzable metals. Tungsten was reacted with dithiol (496742) under reducing conditions in a hydrochloric-acid solution to form a blue green complex that was extracted with amyl-acetate (628637). The tungsten/dithiol complex could then be read spectrophotometrically. Samples of tantalum (7440257), titanium (7440326), and zirconium (7440677) containing tungsten were dissolved in an appropriate acid. To the resultant solutions, stannous-chloride and dithiol solutions were added. Solution was transferred to a separatory funnel and washed with amyl-acetate. Molybdenum (7439987) was determined from the acetate layer. Reagent blanks were used throughout the procedure. Hydrochloric-acid and titanium sponge were added and the solution heated until titanium-(III) was formed. Dithiol solution was again added, the solution separated, and absorbance measured at 640 millimicrons. Tungsten concentration was determined using standards. The

author concludes that the method is sensitive, specific, rapid, and simple. KEYWORDS: DCN-120285 Analytical methods Quantitative analysis Laboratory testing Metal compounds Trace analysis Analytical chemistry Chemical properties Colorimetry Analytical instruments CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 496-74-2 628-63-7 7440-25-7 7440-32-6 7440-67-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: ANCHAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1957 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00128799 44 TITLE: An Experimental Study of the Effects of Rare Metals on Animal Lungs AUTHORS: Delahant AB SOURCE: American Medical Association Archives of Industrial Health, Vol. 12, pages 116-120, 6 references, 19551955 ABSTRACT: The effects of six metallic substances on the lungs of guinea-pigs were examined. A 150 milligram (mg) dose of tantalum-oxide (12035904), tungsten (7440337), cobaltic-oxide (1308049), or a mixture of tungsten-carbide (11130737) and carbon (7440440) dust was given in three equal quantities at weekly intervals by the intratracheal route. One dose of 50mg and another of 25mg, or two doses of 5mg cobalt dust were given 1 week apart to another group of guinea-pigs. A mixture of tungsten-carbide and cobalt (7440484) dust in a ratio of 91 to 9 was given in three equal doses intratracheally totaling 150mg. Animals were killed at 1, 4, 8, and 12 months after the last injection and lung tissue was examined. Twenty guinea-pigs were exposed to tungsten-carbide and cobalt dust by inhalation route in a chamber at concentrations of 8,800 to 10,600 particles per

cubic centimeter for 20 days, then at 2,800 particles per cubic centimeter for 15 days. Of the four surviving animals, two were killed at 181 days and two at 585 days. Lung tissue was examined. Lungs of animals exposed to tantalum-oxide, tungsten, cobaltic-oxide, or tungsten-carbide and carbon exhibited large circumscribed pigmented lesions. No temporal change in lesions was noted in successively killed animals. The four dusts proved to be relatively benign in biological effects on lung tissue. All animals given cobalt dust became acutely ill within 24 hours regardless of dose. Animals dying within a few days exhibited acute pneumonitis. The survivors presented pleural adhesions and sometimes obliterative pleuritis. Lungs of animals exposed to tungsten-carbide and cobalt dust showed linear and diffuse patterns of black pigmentation. In the inhalation experiment, all animals dying during the exposure period showed acute pneumonic pulmonary consolidation. The four survivors showed faint diffuse dust pigmentation. The author concludes that cobalt is intensely irritating to pulmonary tissue. KEYWORDS: DCN-119539 Animal studies Carbides Oxides Chemical properties Dust exposure Toxic effects Pathogenesis Inhalants Dose response Lung irritants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12035-90-4 12035-90-4 7440-33-7 1308-04-9 11130-73-7 7440-44-0 7440-48-4 CODEN: AMIHAB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1955 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00130590 45 TITLE: The Biological Action Of Tungsten Carbide And Carbon. Studies On Experimental Pulmonary Histopathology AUTHORS: Schepers GWH SOURCE: American Medical Association Archives of Industrial Health, Vol. 12, pages

137-139, 6 references, 19551955 ABSTRACT: The toxic effects of intratracheally administered tungsten-carbide (11130737) and carbon (7440440) were studied in guinea-pigs. Guinea-pigs were given three successive intratracheal doses of 50 milligrams tungsten-carbide and carbon in a ratio of 94:6. Animals were sacrificed at intervals to 1 year and examined for pulmonary histopathology. None of the animals died. The immediate response was a diffuse hyperemia with bronchial catarrh. After 1 month, much of the tungsten-carbide was taken up by macrophages within the alveoli or in alveolar walls. Marked lymphocyte hyperplasia was also noted at 1 month and for many months thereafter. After 12 months, there were isolated foci of confluent interstitial pneumonitis in relation to trapped dust masses. Most retained tungsten-carbide occurred as masses of granules within relatively atrophic alveoli. Many such masses were partially or wholly phagocytosed by multinucleated giant cells. There was no persistent bronchiolitis or peribronchial (or perivascular) fibrosis. The author concludes that the tungsten-carbide and carbon mixture is less harmful to lung tissue than tungsten alone. KEYWORDS: DCN-124607 Animal studies Pathogenesis Biological effects Pulmonary function Toxicology Pulmonary disorders Histology Biological factors Pulmonary congestion CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-44-0 CODEN: AMIHAB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1955 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136409 46 TITLE: On the Mechanism of the Acute Toxic Action of Chlorides of Rare Metals AUTHORS: Spiridonova VS Suvorov SV SOURCE: Gigiena i Sanitariia, Vol. 32, No. 12, pages 79-82, 8 references, 19671967

ABSTRACT: The comparative toxicities of tungsten-hexachloride and molybdenum-pentachloride under various artificial hydrolytic conditions in mice were investigated in order to determine the part played by the hydrolysis of rare metal chlorides in the mechanism of their acute toxic effect. It is concluded that the chlorine (7782505) anion plays the leading part in the toxicity of chlorides of tungsten (7440337) and molybdenum (7439987). The industrial use of molybdenum and tungsten chlorides in the absence of suitable protective measures involves a danger of acute intoxication. Prophylactic and other medical services for workers must take account of the specific properties of molybdenum and tungsten chlorides as industrial poisons. (Russian; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178839 TRANS Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Tungsten compounds Molybdenum compounds Toxic substances Chlorinated compounds Hazards Biochemical reactions Chemical industry Biochemical mechanisms Transition metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: GISAAA ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1967 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074897 47 TITLE: Cemented Tungsten Carbide Pneumoconiosis AUTHORS: Kitamura H Kitamura H Tozawa T Kimula Y SOURCE: Acta Pathologica Japonica, Vol. 28, No. 6, pages 921-935, 18 references, 19781978

ABSTRACT: A case history of a patient with cemented tungsten-carbide (11130737) pneumoconiosis was reported. The subject, a pregnant 28 year old, was employed as a grinder of cemented tungsten-carbide. She developed respiratory symptoms that were eventually diagnosed as pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of cemented tungsten-carbide. Initial medical examinations indicated pulmonary tuberculosis and the patient was treated with antituberculous drugs. Four months after the symptoms were noticed, the subject had a baby with no complications. She was then admitted to a hospital for detailed examinations. The only significant results were from pulmonary function tests, which revealed reduced vital capacity and ventilatory restriction. Also, arterial blood gas analysis indicated mild hypoxemia and the carbon-dioxide concentration was raised to the normal upper limit. These test results, in conjunction with consideration of the subject's occupation, indicated interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Antituberculous drugs were stopped and a corticosteroid was administered. The corticosteroid produced a slight, but transient improvement. Her condition remained static for approximately 4 years, when it deteriorated fatally in December, 1975. The authors conclude that cobalt (7440484) combined with other components such as tungsten-carbide causes fibrosis of the lungs in humans, particularly in those in the cemented tungsten-carbide industry. KEYWORDS: DCN-123373 Clinical symptoms Physiological response Inhalants Biological factors Respiratory irritants Clinical diagnosis Toxic effects Biological effects Disease incidence CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135491 48 TITLE: Determination of Tungsten, Cobalt and Titanium in Mixtures AUTHORS: Urusova TM SOURCE: Gigiena i Sanitariia, Vol. 34, pages 72-74, 2 references, 19691969 ABSTRACT:

A new method is described for the determination of tungsten (7440337), cobalt (7440484) and titanium (7440326) in the air of a hard alloy shop. The air is drawn through a filter, the sample dissolved in sulfuric-acid with ammonium-sulfate, then in the presence of an oxidant, sodium-hydroxide is used to precipitate cobalt-hydroxide and metatitanic-acid. Tungsten is determined colorimetrically from the yellow color formed when ammonium-thiocyanate is added. Cobalt and titanium are also determined colorimetrically after further chemical treatment. (Russian; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178824 TRANS Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Air contaminants Chemical reactions Analytical methods Air quality measurement Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 7440-32-6 CODEN: GISAAA ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074878 49 TITLE: Toxicity of Tungsten and Molybdenum Compounds AUTHORS: Karantassis MT SOURCE: Annales de Medecine Legale, Vol. 5, pages 44-50, 1 reference, 19241924 ABSTRACT: The toxicity of sodium-tungstate (13472452) and ammonium-molybdate (13106768) is tested in guinea-pigs. Doses ranging from 0.50-0.75 gram given orally to 575-640 gram guinea-pigs produced death after 5-23 hours. Symptoms before death included anorexia, colic, uncoordinated movements, sudden jumps, trembling and dyspnea. Autopsy showed the stomach full or containing a bloody, greenish pap like substance; the large intestine almost always full or soft, bloody, diarrheic fecal matter; small discolored spots in the liver approximately 4 millimeters in diameter; and Tardieu's spots in the lungs. Tungstate was found in the stomach, intestine, their content and walls, liver, kidneys, lungs, blood and urine. Hypodermic administration of doses ranging from 0.10-0.50 gram

gave more pronounced and sustained symptoms. Autopsy showed intense liver congestion, large infarction in each lung, dark blood in the heart, and yellow patches of degeneration in the liver and kidneys. The studies with the molybdenum (7439987) compound showed it to be less toxic than the tungsten (7440337) compound. Both act as slow toxins, with death resulting from asphyxial symptoms. Tests for detecting tungsten and molybdenum in biological materials are briefly outlined. (French; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178859 TRANS Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Histochemistry Tungsten compounds Body distribution Absorption Dosage Lung disorders Cardiovascular system disorders Gastrointestinal system disorders Detection Analytical methods CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13472-45-2 13472-45-2 13106-76-8 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 CODEN: AMILAN ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1924 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074921 50 TITLE: Environmental Effects of Tungsten and Tantalum Alloys. AUTHORS: Meijer A Wroblicky G Thuring S Marcell MW AUTHOR ADDRESS: GCX, Albuquerque, NM. SOURCE: /u0016

ABSTRACT: Final rept. Jun 1995-Oct 1998. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of the testing of tungsten alloy and tantalum penetrator munitions at Test Site C-64 A on Eglin AFB, FL. The tungsten alloys that were investigated in this study contained iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, and/or manganese as alloying elements. Data on physical, chemical, and biological site conditions were obtained from field studies and published reports. These data were used to design and carry out leaching/corrosion studies on the penetrator alloys in the laboratory. The data obtained in the laboratory studies were combined with additional site data to quantify the potential environmental impacts of munitions testing at Site C-64 A through the use of a computer code called the Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS) developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The results obtained from the MEPAS code indicate that the tungsten alloy containing cobalt will have the least impact, while the alloy containing copper would have the greatest impact. The conclusions assume that the deposition rate of metal/alloy on the site is less than or equal to 500 lbs/yr. The calculations further indicate that testing of the tungsten alloy or tantalum penetrator munitions on the C-64 A test site would not pose unacceptable risks to humans or the environment. KEYWORDS: Environmental impact *Tungsten alloys *Tantalum alloys Test and evaluation Computer programs Laboratory tests Corrosion Hydrology Geology Soils Penetration Climate Ammunition Site investigations Kinetic energy projectiles Leaching Toxicology Water chemistry Sbir(Small business innovation research) Tantalum penetrator munitions Mepas computer program ORDER NUMBER: 288p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A14/MF A03 ENTRY MONTH: 200008

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/ADA375795 51 TITLE: Environmental Contamination by Cobalt in the Vicinity of a Cemented Tungsten Carbide Tool Grinding Plant AUTHORS: Abraham JL Hunt A SOURCE: Environmental Research, Vol. 69, No. 1, pages 67-74, 31 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: Bulk sample and individual particle analysis (IPA) of soil and dust samples collected in and around a hard metal tool grinding factory were reported. The factory had been operational for 20 years, but was closed for the previous 3 years. During operation, waste grindings were swept out the back door of the facility. Samples were collected from an inside wall, from a mound of gray material at the back of the factory, from soil covered areas 20 meters (m) behind the building, and from sites 30 to 160m away from the building. Cobalt (7440484) (Co) concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy of dried, nitric-acid digested samples. Concentrations of Co at the rear of the factory ranged from 12,780 to 12,560mg/kg. The sites 20m behind the facility had Co concentrations of 1,800mg/kg in an uncultivated garden and of 100mg/kg in a cultivated garden. Concentrations of Co in samples taken further away ranged from 12 to 18mg/kg. Automated scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis were used to analyze the composition of tungsten bearing particles. Of the tungsten bearing particles wiped from an interior factory wall, 77% contained only tungsten with 17% also containing Co. Of the particles from the mound, 27% contained only tungsten, 30% also contained Co, 20% contained iron, and 61% contained calcium. Only 8% of the tungsten particles collected from the gardens 20m from the factory contained Co. The authors conclude that leaching of Co from the particles occurred in the soil environment and recommend clean up of the contaminated soil behind the factory to prevent further spreading of Co contamination. KEYWORDS: DCN-232331 Metal dusts Metallic dusts Cobalt alloys Hard metals Microscopic analysis X ray analysis Environmental contamination Soil analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: ENVRAL

ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00231906 52 TITLE: Determination of Chromium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Tungsten, and Vanadium in Tool and Alloy Steels by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AUTHORS: Husler J SOURCE: Atomic Absorption Newsletter, Vol. 10, No. 2, pages 60-62, 3 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: A method is described for the determination of chromium (7440473), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), tungsten (7440337), and vanadium (7440622) in steels. Metal samples are dissolved in nitric-acid with hydrofluoric-acid, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The acid solution is particularly suited for tungsten as it prevents tungsten-oxide (1314358) from precipitating. Some representative analyses are presented, with a table of matrix interference effects. KEYWORDS: DCN-178820 Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Spectrometry Chemical analysis Analytical chemistry Alloys Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 7440-62-2 1314-35-8 CODEN: AABNAC ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074874

53 TITLE: Cancer Risk and Thoriated Welding Electrodes AUTHORS: Vinzents P Poulsen OM Ligaard R Simonsen H Hansen EB Hviid J Svane O SOURCE: Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 1, No. 1, pages 27-33, 11 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The lung cancer risk associated with grinding thoriated electrodes and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding was examined. Thoriated tungsten welding electrodes containing 1 to 4% thorium-dioxide (1314201) have been widely used in TIG welding because the arcs are easier to start and are very stable. The electrodes contain thorium-228 (14274829), thorium-230 (14269637) (Th230), and thorium-232 (7440291), which are all radioactive and emit alpha particles as they decay. An experiment in which thoriated tungsten electrodes containing 4% thorium-dioxide were ground for 139 minutes with carborundum belts was conducted. The grinding dusts were collected and analyzed for thorium by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The data were used with industrial hygiene monitoring data to estimate thorium exposures experienced by Danish welders performing TIG welding. The data were then used in conjunction with models in Publication Number 30 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection to estimate the lung cancer risk for TIG welders. The mean concentrations of thorium in the total and respirable dusts generated by grinding the thoriated tungsten electrodes were 401 and 110 micrograms per cubic meter (microg/m3), respectively. The fulltime TIG welding population in Denmark assumed to be at risk was 1,200 welders. The fulltime exposure to thorium during welding was estimated to be 0.1microg/m3 times 360 minutes. The number of lung cancer cases among the population of welders was predicted to range from less than one to approximately 2.5, depending on the amount of Th230 in the electrodes, for 30 years of work. The authors conclude that the number of excess lung cancers associated with TIG welding using thoriated tungsten electrodes is low, ranging from zero to three, for a working life of 30 years. To eliminate the lung cancer risk, it is recommended that the electrodes be replaced by nonradioactive electrodes, possibly those containing lanthanum or cerium alloyed tungsten. KEYWORDS: DCN-219420 Lung cancer Risk analysis Radioactive metals Arc welding Metal fumes Abrasive grinding Mathematical models CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-20-1

1314-20-1 14274-82-9 14269-63-7 7440-29-1 CODEN: OCHYE9 ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00219964 54 TITLE: A model of the distribution and retention of tungsten in the human body. AUTHORS: LEGGETT RW AUTHOR ADDRESS: Build. 1060COM, MS6480, Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 206 (2-3). 1997. 147-165. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Expanding industrial and military uses of tungsten could result in substantially increased levels of this metal in the environment in the next few years. Although occupational experiences and available toxicological studies on laboratory animals suggest that tungsten may have a relatively low order of toxicity, the data are weak and inconclusive. There is a need not only for more systematic studies of the behavior and effects of tungsten in different animal species but also for a reliable, biologically realistic biokinetic model for tungsten in man that can be used to relate concentrations of this metal in environmental media to concentrations in tissues of exposed persons and translate results of experimental studies into terms of environmental exposures. This paper is intended as a first step toward development of such a biokinetic model. Information related to the biokinetics of tungsten in mammalian species is examined, a biologically meaningful compartmental model MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS CYBERNETICS MINERALS/METABOLISM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Biocybernetics (1972- ) Metabolism-Minerals

Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199802 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/02039 55 TITLE: Analytical Chemistry of Molybdenum and Tungsten (Including the Analysis of the Metals and Their Alloys) AUTHORS: Elwell WT Wood DF SOURCE: International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry, R. Belcher, and H. Freiser, Editors; Pergamon Press, New York, New York, 283 pages, 1768 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: This collation of information combines the relevant analytical details of tungsten (7440337) and molybdenum (7439987) and their compounds. The history, occurrence, and decomposition, qualitative detection, and separations in their determination are surveyed briefly. The analytical methods covered are: gravimetry; titrimetric; colorimetry; polarography, amperometry, and coulometry; emission spectroscopy; atomic absorption; X-ray spectrometry; radiochemical and mass spectrometry; and miscellaneous. A chapter on the determination of impurities and alloying elements is included. KEYWORDS: DCN-178817 Cemented tungsten carbide Physical properties Tungsten Transition metals Quantitative analysis Alloys Carbides Contaminants Tungsten alloys CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7

7439-98-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074869 56 TITLE: Oxygen free radicals and lung injury: II. Effect of tungsten and allopurinol on oleic acid induced isolated rat lung injury. AUTHORS: SONG D LUO Z AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathophysiol., Hunan Med. Univ. Cai Yuelin, China. SOURCE: HUNAN YIKE DAXUE XUEBAO; 15 (1). 1990. 19-23. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The role of oxygen free radicals (OFRs) in pathogenesis and effect of tungsten and allopurinol on oleic acid (OA) induced isolated rat lung injury was investigated. The rats were divided into 4 groups; (1) Control; (2) OA (8 uI); (3) Allopurinol +OA; (4) Tungsten + OA (pretreatment with tungsten rich diet for 3 -4 weeks). The results were as follows: (1) Compared with the control group, the content of malondiadehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased in OA group. The lung coefficient significantly correlated with the content of MDA and LDH, and negatively correlated with the SOD activity. (2) The OA induced lung injury attenuated in group 3 and 4. Compared with OA group, the catalase activity and tungsten/molybdenum ratio increased and the content of molybdenum and xanthine oxnthine oxidase activity decreased in the lung tissue of tungsten + OA group. The lung coefficient significantly correlated with t MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS LIPIDS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY METABOLISM LIPIDS/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY

POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Lipids Enzymes-Physiological Studies Pathology Metabolism-General Metabolism Metabolism-Lipids Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7722-84-1 7722-84-1 7440-33-7 315-30-0 112-80-1 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: HYXBE ENTRY MONTH: 199009 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/19481 57 TITLE: Determination of Tungsten in Silicate Ores AUTHORS: Keller E Parsons ML SOURCE: Atomic Absorption Newsletter, Vol. 9, No. 4, pages 92-93, 5 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: A new method for analysis of tungsten (7440337) in silicate ores has been developed. Samples are dissolved using a lithium metaborate fusion technique, with adjustment of pH using ammonia solution. The samples are diluted, centrifuged and the tungsten determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The principle advantage of the method is its speed compared with other methods; the method has a precision of 0.02 percent, and the analytical curve is linear to 1000ppm of tungsten.

KEYWORDS: DCN-178822 Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Analytical methods Inorganic compounds Chemical analysis Analytical chemistry Silicates Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: AABNAC ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074876 58 TITLE: Inhibition of Escherichia Coli Mutant and Its Reversal by B12 and Methionine AUTHORS: Saxena KC Agarwala SC SOURCE: Enzymologia, Vol. 17, No. 4, pages 177-181, 17 references, 19541954 ABSTRACT: The effects of molybdenum (7439987), tungsten (7440337), and phenylhydrazine (100630) (PHZ) on the growth of an Escherichia-coli (E-coli) mutant deficient in vitamin-B12 (68199) were studied, as well as the reversal effects of vitamin-B12 and L-methionine (63683). The E-coli mutant was cultured in 10 milliliters medium containing 0.0000015 milligrams (mg) vitamin-B12, alone or with 0.1 or 0.5mg PHZ, 10 or 40mg molybdenum, or 20 or 30mg tungsten. Additional tubes containing up to 0.5mg PHZ, up to 80mg molybdenum, or up to 30mg tungsten were treated with up to 0.00005mg vitamin-B12. Tubes containing 0.024 to 0.5mg PHZ were also treated with 0.000001 to 0.000015mg L-methionine. After incubation for 18 hours, growth was measured as percent transmission in a photoelectric colorimeter with red filter, greater light transmission indicating less growth. In tubes containing minimal amounts of vitamin-B12, growth decreased with increasing concentration of inhibitor until (at the highest concentrations of each inhibitor tested) light transmission was about 82 percent for PHZ, about 93 percent for molybdenum, and about 96 percent for tungsten, compared to about 52 percent for controls. Increasing amounts of added vitamin-B12 stimulated growth in the presence of inhibition caused by the highest concentrations of PHZ and molybdenum, and by 10mg tungsten. However, vitamin-B12 had little effect on the inhibition caused by 30mg tungsten. Concentrations

up to 0.000005mg L-methionine provided some reversal of PHZ inhibition, but enhanced inhibition at higher concentrations. The authors conclude that vitamin-B12 and the inhibitors tested have competitive metabolic effects, the nature of which are unknown. KEYWORDS: DCN-119271 Bacteria Chemical properties Metabolic study Biosynthesis Laboratory testing Metabolism Bioassays Bacterial cultures Enzymology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 100-63-0 68-19-9 63-68-3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1954 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00131098 59 TITLE: KISMET tungsten dispersal experiment. AUTHORS: Wohletz K Kunkle T Hawkins W AUTHOR ADDRESS: Los Alamos National Lab., NM. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1997 ABSTRACT: TD3: Results of the KISMET tungsten dispersal experiment indicate a relatively small degree of wall-rock contamination caused by this underground explosive experiment. Designed as an add-on to the KISMET test, which was performed in the U-1a.02 drift of the LYNER facility at Nevada Test Site on 1 March 1995, this experiment involved recovery and analysis of wall-rock samples affected by the high- explosive test. The chemical, high-explosive blast drove tungsten powder, placed around the test package as a plutonium analog, into the surrounding wall- rock alluvium. Sample analyses by an analytical digital electron microscope (ADEM) show tungsten dispersed in the rock as tiny ( < 10 (mu)m)

particles, agglomerates, and coatings on alluvial clasts. Tungsten concentrations, measured by energy dispersive spectral analysis on the ADEM, indicate penetration depths less than 0.1 m and maximum concentrations of 1.5 wt % in the alluvium. Sponsored by Department of Energy, Washington, DC. KEYWORDS: Sedimentary Rocks Tungsten Underground Explosions ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE97001855, This product may be ordered from NTIS by phone at (703)487-4650; by fax at (703)321-8547; and by email at 'orders ntis.fedworld.gov'. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA., 18p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE97001855 60 TITLE: The Influence Of Arsenic And Certain Other Elements On The Toxicity Of Seleniferous Grains AUTHORS: Moxon AL DuBois KP SOURCE: Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 18, No. 5, pages 447-457, 4 references, 19391939 ABSTRACT: The effect of arsenic (7440382) on the toxicity of selenium (7782492) was investigated in rats. Rats were fed diets containing 11 parts per million (ppm) selenium in wheat. Animals were divided into groups given drinking water containing 5ppm tungsten (7440337), fluorine (7782414), molybdenum (7439987), arsenic, chromium (7440473), vanadium (7440622), cadmium (7440439), zinc (7440666), cobalt (7440484), uranium (7440611), or nickel (7440020). Additional groups received selenium diet with no elements in drinking water or distilled water and a selenium free diet. Differences in weight and food consumption were noted. Survivors were killed on day 130 and examined for liver damage. By day 60, there was an increase in mortality rate in rats given fluorine, molybdenum, chromium, cadmium, vanadium, zinc, cobalt, and uranium. All rats in the tungsten and arsenic groups were living and normal in appearance on day 60. Examination of livers of rats fed selenium alone, selenium with nickel, and of controls

were normal. Liver concentrations of selenium in the group given arsenic were much lower than in other groups, except for the one surviving rat given vanadium. None of the rats given tungsten had any appreciable liver damage. Rats were given selenium and 2.5ppm arsenic or tungsten in water for 75 days and autopsied. Arsenic partially prevented liver damage in rats fed selenium; they consumed more food and grew more rapidly than rats not given arsenic. Tungsten had no effect in preventing the symptoms of selenium poisoning, but rats given tungsten with selenium lived longer than those given selenium alone. KEYWORDS: DCN-123303 Poisons Toxic effects Safety research Biochemical analysis Chemical properties Metals Metal poisoning Animal studies Food contaminants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-38-2 7440-38-2 7782-49-2 7440-33-7 7782-41-4 7439-98-7 7440-47-3 7440-62-2 7440-43-9 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7440-61-1 7440-02-0 CODEN: JONUAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1939 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135419 61 TITLE: Maximum Permissible Content of Titanium and Tungsten Nitride, Silicide and Carbide Powders and Dust in the Air AUTHORS: Mezentseva NV SOURCE: Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2(20), pages 112-113, 3 references, 19641964

ABSTRACT: The maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of dusts or powders of the nitrides, carbides, and silicides of tungsten (7440337) and titanium (7440326) (Ti) were investigated. Metallic tungsten and titanium are chemically inactive substances. The carbides, nitrides, and silicides are also chemically inactive. Aerosols of tungsten-carbide (11130737) (WC), tungsten-silicide (12039882) (WSi2), titanium-carbide (12070085) (TiC), and titanium-nitride (25583204) (TiN) were administered intratracheally in doses of 50 milligrams to 45 rats at unspecified intervals. Animals were killed 7 and 10 months later. There were no changes in internal organs, except the lungs. Changes in the lungs were similar to those seen with the metals alone. The effects of WC and WSi2 were less than those of the metals alone, especially with WSi2. TiC and TiN caused no greater changes than metallic Ti or its oxides. When the poisoning time was increased to 10 months, there were no significant changes in the pulmonary tissues. The author recommends that the MPC in air for the test compounds be between 6 and 10 milligrams per cubic meter. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-121468 TRANS Dust exposure Physiological response Dust inhalation Lung disorders Mortality data Animal studies Toxic effects Pulmonary function tests Poisons CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 11130-73-7 12039-88-2 12070-08-5 25583-20-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1964 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00133831 62 TITLE: Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals and Toxicity of Tungsten Oxide Fibres. AUTHORS: LEANDERSON P SAHLE W AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Occup. Environ. Med., Fac. Health Sci., Linkoping Univ., S-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden.

SOURCE: TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO; 9 (2). 1995. 175-183. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Occupational exposure to hard metal dust may cause interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and asthma. The cause of asthma is well established, whereas the cause of lung fibrosis is still under debate. Recently, slightly reduced airborne tungsten oxide fibres, the role of which in hard metal pneumoconiosis has never been accounted for, were detected in an air sample from a hard metal production plant. In this study, the capacity to generate hydroxyl radicals, toxicity to cultured human lung cells and haemolytic activity of tungsten oxide fibres were compared with crocidolite asbestos fibres. The results show (a) that tungsten oxide fibres can generate hydroxyl radicals, and (b) that tungsten oxide fibres were more cytotoxic to human lung cells than was crocidolite, but (c) that the haemolytic activity of tungsten oxide fibres was lower than for crocidolite. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-35-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TIVIE ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/17256 63 TITLE: A Case of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Possible Role of Tungsten Dust

AUTHORS: Rochemaure J Ancla M Tringuet G Meyer A SOURCE: Journal Francais de Medecine et Chirurgie Thoraciques, Vol. 26, No. 4, pages 305-312, 4 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: A case of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis is reported in a woman aged 46, with information on clinical, radiological and laboratory tests and lung biopsy. The patient had worked for six years in a plant which manufactured metal pieces from a powder of tungsten-carbide, cobalt (7440484) and titanium (7440326) mixed in paraffin to make it less volatile. The lung biopsy was negative for tungsten (7440337) and the other minerals, but, as there was regression of the respiratory symptoms when the patient stopped work and they returned when she resumed work, the occupational exposure to metal dusts is considered a causative factor of the disease. (French; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178819 TRANS Cemented tungsten carbide Hard materials Transition metals Metal fabrication workers Diagnostic tests Tungsten compounds Respiratory system disorders Clinical analysis Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 CODEN: JFMCAW ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074873 64 TITLE: Composite Materials for X-Ray Protection AUTHORS: Yaffe MJ Mawdsley GE

Lilley M Servant R Reh G SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 60, No. 5, pages 661-664, 4 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: An optimization algorithm was devised for determining optimum compositions of lead, tungsten and barium mixtures for x-ray attenuation, and composites were developed and tested for spectra typical of diagnostic x-ray procedures. Barium and tungsten were selected due to complementary energies of K-shell absorption edges for energies up to 120 kiloelectron volts. A mass loading of 5.65 kilograms per square meter (kg/m2), equivalent to that for 0.5 millimeter lead, was used for comparison of composites. The optimization process yielded a three dimensional graph showing percent energy transmission for a particular kilovolt peak (kVp) energy for different mass loadings of barium and tungsten. Mass loading of lead for a given mixture was obtained by subtracting combined masses for barium and tungsten from 5.65kg/m2. Energy fluence transmission and exposure transmission were determined theoretically and used to select optimum compositions at 70, 100 and 120kVp. Composite optimized for 100kVp contained no lead, 2.04kg/m2 tungsten and 3.61kg/m2 barium. Composite optimized for 120kVp contained 0.45kg/m2 lead, 2.72kg/m2 tungsten and 2.48kg/m2 barium. Because barium could not be used in elemental form, a composite material (Xenolite) containing lead and less barium was used. An identical material with reduced mass loading of 4.5kg/m2 was developed and transmissions calculated for both. Results showed that a wide range of compositions was possible to account for various spectra. Test samples were produced and tested for broad beam exposure transmission through a 100 square centimeter area at 85 centimeters from the source, with exposures measured 5 centimeters behind the attenuator. Xenolite at 4.5kg/m2 had equivalent attenuation to 5.65kg/m2 lead at 100kVp but was somewhat less effective at other energies. No effect of element placement order in layered multielement attenuators was noted. The authors conclude that multiple attenuating elements can be combined to produce protective garments that are lighter or have improved attenuation relative to conventional lead aprons. KEYWORDS: DCN-195507 Personal protective equipment Radiation shielding Protective materials Laboratory testing Ionizing radiation X ray absorption CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00200063 65

TITLE: Comparative study of the acute lung toxicity of pure cobalt powder and cobalt-tungsten carbide mixture in rat. AUTHORS: LASFARGUES G LISON D MALDAGUE P LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. and Occupational Med. Unit, Sch. Med., Catholic Univ. Louvain, 30.54 Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 1200 Brussels, Belg. SOURCE: TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL; 112 (1). 1992. 41-50. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Alveolitis progressing to lung fibrosis has been reported in workers exposed to cobalt containing dust (e.g., tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture as produced by the hard metal industry) but rarely following exposure to pure cobalt dust (e.g., in cobalt producing factories). We have previously demonstrated that tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture is more toxic toward rat alveolar macrophages in vitro than pure cobalt metal powder. The present study was undertaken to compare in females rats the acute pulmonary response (lung weight, lung histology, cellular and biochemical analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and mortality) following the intratracheal instillation of pure cobalt (Co) particles (median particle size, d50:4 mum), pure tungsten carbide (WC) particles (d50:2 mum), tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) powder (d50:2 mum; cobalt 6.3%, tungsten 84%, carbon 5.4%) and crystalline silica (d50 < 5 mum) used as pneumonotoxic reference material. WC alone (15.67 mg/100 g body MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Muridae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TXAPA ENTRY MONTH: 199205 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/09339 66 TITLE: Analysis of Aerosols Produced During Tests of Tungsten Alloy Kinetic Energy Penetrators. AUTHORS: Gold K AUTHOR ADDRESS: Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center Dover, NJ. Warheads Energetics and Combat Supply. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 05, 1998 ABSTRACT: TD3: Kinetic energy (KE) penetrators made with tungsten alloys have historically been assumed to be relatively benign and to pose no health or environmental risks. No actual test data has ever been recorded to support this assumption. The assumption is based on the belief that, though a heavy metal, the tungsten constituent of the alloy is non-toxic. However, the presence of two toxic metals, nickel and cobalt, although in relatively small proportions, raises issues about the possible risks that may be associated with (a) inhalation of aerosols and (b) ingestion of the metals once they are introduced into the food chain. This study was designed to characterize the sizes and shapes of tungsten alloy aerosol particles and fragments ejected from penetration tunnels during performance tests of KE penetrators. Special attention was directed to the elemental composition of particles in the respirable size range, the fraction of the aerosol most likely to reach the gas exchange region in the lungs. Dust par KEYWORDS: Aerosols Tungsten alloys Ammunition fragments Kinetic energy penetrators ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AD-A331 720/3, Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers);

(703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)321-8547; and email at orders ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA., 86p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A06/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AD-A331 720/3 67 TITLE: Trace Metal Lung Disease: In Vitro Interaction of Hard Metals with Human Lung and Plasma Components AUTHORS: Edel J Sabbioni E Pietra R Rossi A Torre M Rizzato G Fraioli P SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 95, pages 107-117, 22 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: The interaction of hard metals with human lung and plasma components was studied in-vitro to investigate biochemical changes associated with the development of hard metal pneumoconiosis. Hard metal dust collected from a factory in northern Italy was analyzed for cobalt (7440484), tantalum (7440257), and tungsten (7440337) by neutron activation analysis. The extent of dissolution of these metals into phosphate buffer (PB), saline, and water was determined. Blood samples were collected from healthy donors and lung tissue from lung cancer patients. These were incubated with cobalt-60 (10198400) (Co-60), niobium-95 (13967765) (Nb-95), tantalum-182 (13982008) (Ta-182), titanium-44 (15749334) (Ti-44), and tungsten-187 (14983483) (W-187). The extent of dissolution of Co-60, Nb-95, Ta-182, Ti-44, and W-187 into lung nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes, microsomes, and cytosol and erythrocytes and blood plasma was determined. Blood plasma and lung cytosol alone or in combination were incubated with Co-60, Nb-95, Ta-182, Ti-44, or W-187. The concentrations of tungsten, cobalt, and tantalum in the hard dust sample was 71.4, 24, and 0.445%, respectively. Cobalt showed the greatest solubility in PB, saline, and water, followed by tungsten and tantalum in that order. The hard metal radioisotopes partitioned primarily into the lung cytosol. The concentrations of Co-60, Nb-95, Ta-182, Ti-44, and W-187 in the cytosol were 75.2, 60.2, 70.8, 52.8, and 91.3%, respectively. Significant amounts of the metals were also found in the lung nuclear fraction. The blood plasma fraction contained virtually all of the metals. The concentrations ranged from 92.5% for Co-60 to 97.8% for Ti-44. The gel chromatograms showed three peaks for cobalt in lung cytosol and plasma. Ta-182, Ti-44,

and Nb-95 showed two or three peaks. W-187 showed only one peak. The authors suggest that retention and excretion of inhaled hard metal dust depends on the extent of solubilization of cobalt, tantalum, tungsten, and other metals in pulmonary cytosol. The pools of cobalt found in the gel chromatograms support the notion that cobalt is the major factor in the etiology of hard metal disease. KEYWORDS: DCN-193122 In vitro studies Hard metals Hard metal disease Humans Body fluids Lung tissue Blood plasma CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-25-7 7440-33-7 10198-40-0 13967-76-5 13982-00-8 15749-33-4 14983-48-3 CODEN: STENDL ENTRY MONTH: 199107 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00197684 68 TITLE: Pulmonary Fibrosis in Three Individuals Working in the Same Factory and Exposed to Cobalt and Tungsten Carbide Dusts - Pulmonary Problems in the Hard Metal Industry AUTHORS: Dorsit G Girard R Rousset H Brune J Wiesendanger T Tolot F Bourret J Galy P SOURCE: Semaine des Hopitaux de Paris, Vol. 46, No. 51, pages 3363-3376, 37 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT:

Two cases of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in workers exposed to cobalt (7440484) dust and tungsten-carbide dust in the hard metal industry are described in detail. The results of an inquiry during which a third case was identified at the same plant are reported. A definite diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis was established by means of clinical studies, chest X-rays and respiratory function tests. Analysis of the environmental dust was also performed to determine tungsten (7440337) and cobalt content. The identification of 3 such cases in the same factory and the similarity with other published cases suggest that the condition might be of occupational nature. (French; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178844 TRANS Tungsten Refractory metals Heavy metals Metallic dusts Dust inhalation Lung fibrosis Respiratory system disorders Pneumoconiosis Diagnostic tests Industrial plants Cemented tungsten carbide Clinical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: SHPAAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074903 69 TITLE: Biological responses of isolated macrophages to cobalt metal and tungsten carbide-cobalt powders. AUTHORS: LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Sch. Med., Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.54, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. SOURCE: PHARMACOL TOXICOL; 69 (4). 1991. 282-285. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A previous study from this laboratory, using morphological and biochemical (LDH release) parameters, has shown that tungsten carbide-cobalt dust exhibits a greater cytotoxicity toward isolated macrophages than cobalt metal powder alone. The present study extends this comparison by examining additional biological parameters. Glucose uptake and superoxide anion production by isolated macrophages were significantly more depressed by the tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture (WC-Co) than by cobalt alone (Co) while pure tungsten carbide (WC) had no effect or even stimulated the cells. For glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and cell-associated plasminogen activator (PA) activities, no difference between Co and WC-Co dusts was observed. These observations add further evidence to our previous findings regarding the different biological reactivity of cobalt metal alone or mixed with tungsten carbide. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY CARBOHYDRATES MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS ELECTRON TRANSPORT ENERGY METABOLISM OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION CARBOHYDRATES/METABOLISM BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Biophysics-Bioenergetics: Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Metabolism-Carbohydrates Blood Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology In Vitro Studies

Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PHTOE ENTRY MONTH: 199201 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/36040 70 TITLE: Effect Of Chromium And Tungsten On L-Ascorbic Acid Metabolism In Rats And Chicks AUTHORS: Chatterjee GC Roy RK Sasmal N Banerjee SK Majumder PK SOURCE: Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 103, No. 4, pages 509-514, 11 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: The effects of chromium (7440473) (Cr) and tungsten (7440337) on growth rate and L-ascorbic-acid metabolism were studied. Male Wistar-rats were fed diets containing 5, 10, or 50 parts per million (ppm) Cr, or 5 or 50ppm of tungsten for 28 days. Chicks were fed a diet containing 5 micrograms per 100 grams Cr for 10 days. Growth rate was monitored, tissue ascorbic-acid concentrations were measured, liver enzymes were measured, and synthesis of L-ascorbic-acid was determined in rat liver and chick kidney extracts. In-vitro studies of L-ascorbic-acid synthesis were also conducted using goat and rat liver extracts exposed to Cr. Body weights were increased in rats fed 10ppm Cr and in Cr fed chicks. In rats, 5ppm Cr increased ascorbic-acid concentrations in liver, spleen and adrenals. At 5ppm, tungsten increased ascorbic-acid in the liver, while 50ppm reduced ascorbic-acid in the adrenals. In chicks, Cr increased ascorbic-acid only in the spleen. In rats, both Cr and tungsten increased L-ascorbic-acid synthesis; increased synthesis also occurred in-vitro in the goat and rat liver extracts exposed to Cr. Both chemicals decreased urinary excretion of L-ascorbic-acid and D-glucuronic-acid in rats and chicks. Species differences in the synthesis of L-ascorbic-acid were observed which were attributed to different nutritional utilization of Cr.

KEYWORDS: DCN-124630 Metabolic study Feeding study Dietary effects Biological effects Physiological response Chemical properties Biological factors Laboratory testing Animal studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 CODEN: JONUAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136438 71 TITLE: Materials Survey, Tungsten AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Business and Defense Services Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C., Report No. BDSA 1-56, 126 pages, 270 references, 19561956 ABSTRACT: Pertinent aspects of the technical and economic position of tungsten (7440337) are surveyed in order that a proper evaluation of the commodity may be made with respect to both its intrinsic merits and its role in the national economy. Comprehensive information is given on the world tungsten industry, including: history, resources, mining, metallurgy, chemistry, applications, substitutions, supply and distribution in the U.S., world production, consumption, prices, government controls, U.S. and foreign producers, consumers, importers and exporters. KEYWORDS: DCN-178837 Tungsten Refractory metals Transition metals Chemical properties Minerals Mining industry Primary metallurgical processes Industrial chemicals

Cemented tungsten carbide CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1956 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074895 72 TITLE: Ultrastructural Investigation Of Chronic Interstitial Pneumonitis In A Tungsten Carbide Worker AUTHORS: Watson JHL Swedo JL Coates EO Jr SOURCE: Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the Electron Microscope Society of America, Houston, Texas, pages 236-237, 19701970 ABSTRACT: The case of a tungsten-carbide (11130737) worker in whom X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of tungsten-carbide in the lung tissue was investigated. Most of the material handled by the patient was tungsten-carbide; about 6 percent was cobalt (7440484). The presence of large amounts of tungsten (7440337) in the lungs was confirmed by neutron activation analysis and optical emission spectroscopy. Light microscopy revealed the presence of extensive, patchy, interstitial pneumonitis with cellular component, interstitial fibrosis and metaplastic alveolar epithelium. Electron microscopy revealed a grossly abnormal lung tissue with absent or vastly altered alveolar epithelium and basement membrane. Deposits of small crystals, assumed to be carbide (12385158) were found. These were mostly within the septa and appeared in a variety of morphologies, both free within the cytoplasm and within lysosomes. The thin sections were often torn near the crystals. Repeated attempts at their identification by selected area electron diffraction were unsuccessful. The crystalline nature of the groupings was determined from dark field studies and by the presence of extinction fringes. KEYWORDS: DCN-124910 Medical monitoring Metals Dust exposure Employee exposure Radiochemical analysis Analytical methods Pulmonary system disorders Lung disorders Laboratory testing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 12385-15-8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136770 73 TITLE: Use of Fluidizing Bed Aerosol Generators to Establish a Dust Mixture of Two Substances at a Fixed Ratio for Inhalation Toxicity Studies AUTHORS: Shiotsuka RN Kutzman RS Firriolo JM Drew RT SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 53, No. 8, pages 510-513, 6 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: A fluidized bed generator (FBG) system for producing aerosols containing 1mg/m3 cobalt (7440484) plus 15mg/m3 tungsten-carbide (12070121) for a subchronic inhalation toxicity study was described. The system consisted of two TSI model 9310 FBGs that produced the tungsten-carbide aerosols in two stainless steel chambers and a TSI model 3400 FBG that aerosolized the cobalt. The output of the model 3400 generator was split so that half went into one of the tungsten-carbide aerosol chambers and the rest into a third chamber. The FBGs were operated in the batch feed mode. The aerosol leaving each generator was passed through a tube containing a krypton-85 source that neutralized the electrical charges on the particles. The aerosol concentration in each chamber was monitored by a real time aerosol analyzer. In the tungsten-carbide aerosol chamber, timed pulses of compressed air were used to decrease the accumulation of dust along the transport tubes and to provide a more uniform delivery of material. The exhaust lines from the chambers contained high efficiency particulate air filters and an electrostatic precipitator installed just before each filter. The precipitators reduced the dust loading on the filters. Monitoring of the aerosol concentrations during the toxicity study indicated that they were stable. The authors conclude that the FBG system can reproducibly generate an aerosol consisting of two different dusts at a fixed ratio. KEYWORDS: DCN-210670 Aerosol generators Metallic dusts Transition metals Equipment design Inhalation studies

Equipment reliability Tungsten compounds Cobalt compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199305 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00209291 74 TITLE: In vitro genotoxic effects of hard metal particles assessed by alkaline single cell gel and elution assays. AUTHORS: Anard D Kirsch-Volders M Elhajouji A Belpaeme K Lison D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Unite de Toxicologie Industrielle et de Medecine du Travail, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: Carcinogenesis 1997 Jan;18(1):177-84 ABSTRACT: Hard metals (WC-Co) are made of a mixture of cobalt metal (Co, 5-10%) and tungsten carbide particles (WC, > 80%). Excessive inhalation of WC-Co is associated with the occurrence of different lung diseases including an excess of lung cancers. The elective toxicity of hard metal is based on a physico-chemical interaction between cobalt metal and tungsten carbide particles to produce activated oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to assess the genotoxic activity of hard metal particles as compared with Co and WC alone. In human peripheral lymphocytes incubated with Co or WC-Co, a dose- and time-dependent increased production of DNA single strand breaks (ssb) was evidenced by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and modified alkaline elution (AE) assays. Addition of 1 M formate, a hydroxyl radical scavenger, had a protective effect against the production of ssb by both WC-Co or Co alone. On the basis of an equivalent cobalt-content, WC-Co produced significantly more ssb than Co. WC alone did not produce DNA ssb detectable by the AE assay, but results obtained with the SCGE assay may suggest that it either allows some uncoiling of the chromatin loops or induces the formation of slowly migrating fragments. Overall, this in vitro study is the first demonstration of the clastogenic property of cobalt metal-containing dusts. The results are consistent with the implication of an increased

production of hydroxyl radicals when Co is mixed with WC particles. The SCGE results also suggest that WC may modify the structure of the chromatin, leading to an increased DNA sensitivity to clastogenic effects. Both mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and may concurrently contribute to the greater clastogenic activity of WC-Co dust. This property of WC-Co particles may account for the excess of lung cancers observed in hard metal workers. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE DNA,3T3 FIBROBLASTS TISSUE CULTURED: LYMPHOCYTES EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS: IN VITRO+ CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS ASSAY: EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Cobalt/*TOXICITY Dose-Response Relationship, Drug DNA/*DRUG EFFECTS *DNA Damage Human Mutagenicity Tests Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Tungsten Compounds/*TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 141-53-7 7440-48-4 11130-73-7 NO CAS RN 7646-79-9 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0143-3334 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199705 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: C9T TITLE ABBREVIATION: Carcinogenesis YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/97207111 EMIC/102678 LAST REVISION DATE: 19970603 75 TITLE: Genotoxic effects in bacteria of the light emitted by halogen tungsten lamps having treated quartz bulbs. AUTHORS: Camoirano A Bennicelli C Bagnasco M De Flora S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, via A. Pastore 1, I-16132, Genoa, Italy. SOURCE: Mutat Res 1999 Apr 26;441(1):21-7 ABSTRACT: Traditional halogen tungsten lamps, which are extensively used worldwide for the illumination of indoor environments, have a quartz bulb which transmits not only visible light but also ultraviolet (UV) light. Due to the output of far-UV wavelengths, halogen lamps were found in previous studies to be potently genotoxic in bacteria, clastogenic in cultured human cells, and carcinogenic in hairless mice. This discovery prompted the launching of new halogen lamps, known as UV-Stop, UV-Block, or similar trade names, which have the quartz glass treated in such a way to reduce its permeability to UV radiation. Surprisingly, these lamps are advertised for attenuating discolouration of UV-sensitive materials, such as fabrics, paintings, works of art and furniture, whereas protection of the human skin from potential carcinogenic risks is overlooked. We tested forty-seven 12 V-powered lamps with treated quartz bulb, which were made available by five producers as blind-coded samples. After exposure to either 1000 lx for 30 min or 2500 lx for 60 min, the 50 W lamps from two producers were borderline mutagenic in strains TA100 and TA104 of S. typhimurium, and induced an evident and dose-related DNA damage in the E. coli strain CM871 (uvrA- recA- lexA-), as compared to its isogenic, DNA repair-proficient counterpart WP2. The 50 W lamps supplied by the other three producers also induced a significant genotoxic damage, but only after exposure for 60 min at illuminance levels of 2500 lx or higher. In calibration experiments, one of these three lamp brands was found to induce in 60 min a genotoxic damage which was equivalent to the one induced in just 55 s by a traditional halogen lamp. Therefore, the new types of lamps with treated quartz bulbs provide an appreciable step forward in the safety of halogen lamps, but some output of genotoxic UV radiations does still occur. Moreover, the lamps manufactured by different producers are not equally effective to this respect. By comparison, the simple application of a glass cover to a traditional halogen lamp completely prevented genotoxic effects, even after 60 min of exposure at an illuminance of 10,000 lx. Suitable regulations are urgently needed for controlling the biological safety or artificial illumination systems.

Copyright 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. TAXONOMIC NAME: ESCHERICHIA COLI,WP2 ESCHERICHIA COLI,CM871(UVRA RECA LEXA) SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM,TA100 SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM,TA104 TEST OBJECT: BACTERIA ASSAY: GENE MUTATIONS EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Animal DNA Damage DNA, Bacterial/RADIATION EFFECTS Escherichia coli/GENETICS Escherichia coli/*RADIATION EFFECTS Halogens Human *Lighting Lighting/*ADVERSE EFFECTS Mice Mice, Inbred HRS Mutagenicity Tests/METHODS Salmonella typhimurium/*RADIATION EFFECTS Support, Non-U.S. Gov't *Tungsten Tungsten/*ADVERSE EFFECTS *Ultraviolet Rays CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0027-5107 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199908 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NNA TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutat Res YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

EMIC/MED/99242680 EMIC/109476 LAST REVISION DATE: 19990831 76 TITLE: Heterogeneous Decomposition Of Hydrazine On Tungsten Films AUTHORS: Cosser RC Tompkins FC SOURCE: Transactions of the Faraday Society, Vol. 67, No. 578, pages 526-544, 27 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: The decomposition of hydrazine (302012) chemisorbed on tungsten (7440337) films at 195 degrees-K was studied under isothermal conditions. The apparatus consisted of a conventional high vacuum system. During outgassing, the cell was maintained at 630 degrees for 24 hours by an external furnace; during subsequent evacuation, a current of 6.8 amperes (A) was passed through the filament for 8 hours. For production of a film, a current of 9.0A over a period of 40 minutes was used. Hydrazine was added to the film either as 10 to 12 discrete doses from the calibrated volume, at a measured pressure, or as a continuous stream over measured periods of time at constant pressure through a capillary of known conductance. Decomposition was effected either isothermally using suitable temperature baths of melting organic compounds or with a linear temperature rise of 1 degree per minute. The extent of decomposition was followed by removal of condensable products in trap at 78 degrees and simultaneous measurement of the permanent gas pressure. Evolution curves for ammonia (7664417) and nitrogen (7727379) from the different films did not coincide when referred to unit weight of film. Overdosing of hydrazine resulted in an increased evolution of ammonia. The ratio of amount of hydrogen produced to that of ammonia varied whereas the ratio of ammonia to nitrogen was constant at 4:1. Ammonia was neither dissociatively nor molecularly chemisorbed on the film plane. Molecular absorption of tungsten took place on the 110 plane and other planes were active for the dissociative adsorption. The hydrazine molecule appeared to be attached to a single tungsten atom; on other planes, hydrazine occupied four adjacent surface sites. The authors conclude that decomposition occurs by two main processes: dissociative chemisorption to form adsorbed amide radicals and associative chemisorption of the hydrazine molecule to surface tungsten atoms. KEYWORDS: DCN-142564 Decomposition products Temperature measurement Chemical analysis Analytical models Workers Temperature effects Analytical methods Analytical instruments Exposure limits

Gases CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 302-01-2 302-01-2 7440-33-7 7664-41-7 7727-37-9 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00155075 77 TITLE: Preliminary data on hard metal workers exposure to tungsten oxide fibres. AUTHORS: SAHLE W KRANTZ S CHRISTENSSON B LASZLO I AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. Working Life, Dep. Work Organisation Technol., S-171 84 Solna, Sweden. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 191 (1-2). 1996. 153-167. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The first personal exposure data for tungsten oxide fibres, in two hard metal manufacturing industries is presented. Occupational exposure was studied by static and personal measurements during tungsten metal production. Three different initial materials were used, ammonium-paratungstate (APT), blue oxide and tungsten trioxide. In both factories, airborne tungsten oxide fibres were detected both in static and personal samples. Fibre exposure varies for different activities. Charging of raw material, changing the hammer, cleaning-work on the cyclone and the micro-filter were found to be among the most high dusty operations. However, as workers use respirators during cleaning operations, these filters could not be related to personal exposure. The calcination of APT to the blue oxide generates fibrous dust. The raw material imported as blue oxide is also fibrous material and both charging it into the calcination furnace and re-charging it into the reduction furnace genera MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS:

Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11120-25-5 11120-25-5 1314-35-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199702 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/00527 78 TITLE: Determination, by X-Ray-Fluorescence Spectrometry, of Tin and Tungsten in Scheelite and Cassiterite Ores and Concentrates AUTHORS: Tolmay RT Jacobs JJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Metallurgy, Johannesburg (South Africa). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 18, 1982 ABSTRACT: TD3: A method of analysis is presented that is applicable to sample mixtures of cassiterite and scheelite in concentrations of 0,2 to 70 per cent. Matrix variations are compensated for by dilution and fine grinding with coarse river sand, potassium chloride being used as a binder. Residual matrix effects are corrected for by the use of zinc and antimony as internal standards for tungsten and tin respectively. Calibration graphs are obtained by the use of chemically analysed scheelite and cassiterite standards. For tin, the relative standard deviation at a concentration of 60 per cent is 0,0063, and, at 10 per cent, 0,028; for tungsten, it is 0,013 at a concentration of 40 per cent. The lower levels of detection for tungsten and tin are 0,26 and 0,23 per cent respectively, and the time required for the analysis of 10 samples and 5 calibration standards by this method is 5 hours. A detailed laboratory method is given in the appendix. (Atomindex citation 12:587393) KEYWORDS: Tin Tungsten Foreign technology

ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/NIM-2071, U.S. Sales Only., 14p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/NIM-2071 79 TITLE: A tungsten oxide coated wire electrode used as a pH sensor in flow injection potentiometry. AUTHORS: DIMITRAKOPOULOS LT DIMITRAKOPOULOS T ALEXANDER PW LOGIC D HIBBERT DB AUTHOR ADDRESS: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst. Instrumentelle Analytik, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. SOURCE: ANALYTICAL COMMUNICATIONS; 35 (12). 1998. 395-398. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In this study, a tungsten oxide wire electrode is described for use as a pH electrode in a portable battery-powered flow injection analyser described previously. The tungsten oxide electrode exhibits a linear response of 44.8 | 0.5 mV change per pH unit over a wide range, pH 2-11 in the steady-state mode. In the flow injection mode, the tungsten oxide wire electrode exhibited a slope of 42.4 | 0.9 mV per pH unit. The tungsten oxide electrode was employed to determine the pH of various alcoholic beverages and environmental water samples. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FOOD TECHNOLOGY FERMENTATION FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ANALYSIS FOOD TECHNOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION

KEYWORDS: Methods Methods Ecology Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-General Food Technology-Malts Food Technology-Evaluations of Physical and Chemical Properties (1970- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Air LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: XXAJA ENTRY MONTH: 199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/04103 80 TITLE: Pathology Of The Lung In Tungsten Carbide Workers Using Light And Electron Microscopy AUTHORS: Coates EO Jr Watson JHL SOURCE: Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 15, No. 3, pages 280-286, 7 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: Pathologic findings were reported in the lungs of tungsten-carbide (11130737) workers. Three contrasting situations were seen: one asymptomatic case with clinically normal lungs, one case of subacute interstitial pneumonitis, and one case of established interstitial lung disease. The subject with interstitial lung disease had worked in the manufacture of tungsten-carbide for 12 years before developing symptoms of cough and dyspnea at age 48. X-rays showed stable looking fibrotic changes, predominantly at the bases. Thoractomy revealed extensive fibrotic changes in some areas, with evidence of alveolar lining metaplasia and swollen alveolar lining cells. Microscopic examination showed heavy deposits of collagen and elastic tissue in septal areas and distortions in alveolar lining cells with microvilli. Mast cells were present; hard crystals and some needle like crystals were scattered throughout the area. In the subject with subacute interstitial pneumonitis, X-rays showed fine reticular nodulation. Pulmonary function studies showed ventilatory restriction and reduced carbon-monoxide diffusing capacity. Histologic examinations of lung tissue showed thickened alveolar walls that were infiltrated with lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. Alveolar lining cells were seen with collagen deposits. Microscopy showed areas of grossly abnormal lung tissue and a

widened basement membrane infiltrated with collagen. Crystals were also seen in tissues. Microscopy of tissue from the asymptomatic subject showed abnormalities in the septal area between epithelium and endothelium. Fine crystals were found in septal tissues and within macrophages; these were associated with masses of collagen, septal thickening, and changes in basement membrane. The authors conclude that there are many similarities between the clinical and pathological findings from inhalation of tungsten-carbide and those caused by inhalation of beryllium (7440417). KEYWORDS: DCN-125608 Histopathology Toxicopathology Biological effects Occupational respiratory disease Tungsten compounds Airborne dusts Employee exposure Case studies Industrial dusts CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-41-7 CODEN: JOCMA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00137598 81 TITLE: Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Determination Of Tungsten As Peroxytungstic Acid AUTHORS: Parker GA Boltz DF SOURCE: Analytical Letters, Vol. 1, No. 11, pages 679-686, 7 references, 19681968 ABSTRACT: An ultraviolet spectrophotometric quantitative determination of tungsten (7440337) in the form of peroxytungstic-acid (41486833) was developed. Absorbance measurements were made with a spectrophotometer in 100 centimeter matched silica cells. An aliquot of the sample tungsten solution was diluted and an acid medium was added. Hydrogen-peroxide was added along with distilled water. Heating time to achieve formation was varied. Cooled contents were transferred to a spectrophotometer cell for determination. A reference sample of process reagents without tungsten was prepared. Variations from 0 to 60 percent sulfuric-acid were used.

Other acid media were also tested. Diverse ions were added to see their effects on maximum absorbance values. The optimum concentration range for this method was found to be from 50 to 160 parts per million of tungsten. Molar absorbancy at the wavelength of maximum absorbance was 907 liters per centimeter per mole. Sulfuric-acid was the best medium. With increasing sulfuric-acid, the wavelength of maximum absorbance shifted to a longer wavelength and absorbance decreased. At less than 20 percent sulfuric-acid by volume, the stability of peroxytungstic-acid decreased. An adequate amount of hydrogen-peroxide was required. Heating for 0.5 hours proved necessary for formation. Ions that interfered with the maximum absorbance for peroxytungstic-acid included lead, mercury, nitrate, nitrite, copper, cobalt, barium, aluminum, cadmium, and chromium. KEYWORDS: DCN-130615 Radiochemical analysis Radiation detection Spectrographic analysis Metals Trace analysis Cytology Biophysics Physical properties CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 41486-83-3 CODEN: ANALBP ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00143160 82 TITLE: Cytogenetic Effects of Inorganic Compounds of Tungsten, Zinc, Cadmium and Cobalt on Animal and Human Cells AUTHORS: Voroshilin SI Plotko EG Fink TV Nikiforova VYa SOURCE: Tsitologiya i Genetika, Vol. 12, No. 3, pages 241-243, 13 references, 1978 ABSTRACT: A study was conducted on the mutagenic activities of tungsten (7440337), zinc (7440020), cadmium (7440439), and cobalt (7440484) salts. In-vitro toxicity was assessed in human leukocytes exposed to the test compounds and in-vivo effects were determined following exposure of rats to aerosols of zinc-oxide (1314132). An increase in the frequency of chromosomal

alterations was seen following exposure of the leukocytes to all of the compounds. The lowest concentrations of the metals demonstrating mutagenic activity were close to or higher than those reported in the literature in the blood of workers occupationally exposed to such compounds. Aberrations induced by exposure to tungsten, cadmium, or cobalt included hyperdiploid cells while chromosomal aberrations were noted following exposure to zinc. A statistically significant increase in hyperdiploid cells in the bone marrow was seen following in-vivo exposure of rats to zinc-oxide aerosol. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-226617 TRANS Metallic compounds Inorganic compounds Toxic effects Mutagenicity Genotoxic effects Chromosome damage DNA damage Cadmium compounds Cobalt compounds Zinc compounds Tungsten compounds Laboratory animals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7440-43-9 7440-48-4 1314-13-2 CODEN: TGANAK ENTRY MONTH: 199511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00226594 83 TITLE: The Medical and Technical Viewpoints of Metal Ceramics as a Source of Dust AUTHORS: Jobs H Ballhausen C SOURCE: Vertrauensarzt und Krankenkasse, Vol. 8, pages 142-148, 19401940 ABSTRACT: A brief review of the technology of the use of metal powders in the metal ceramics industry, with particular reference to tungsten-carbide, titanium-carbide, and cobalt (7440484) dusts. Dust concentrations were

determined in the area of various processes in a metal carbide plant, and physical and chemical properties of the dusts are given, including the presence of tungsten (7440337) compounds. Medical examination of 27 employees of a metal carbide plant revealed one definite case of pneumoconiosis, grade 1, and eight cases of beginning pneumoconiosis. In the milling and mixing room, five of six employees had bronchitis. (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178838 TRANS Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Airborne particulates Lung fibrosis Respiratory system disorders Tungsten compounds Physical properties Titanium compounds Environment Air quality Metalworking Work operations CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1940 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074896 84 TITLE: Mass Spectrometric Study Of The Species CS, SO, And CCl2 Produced In Primary Heterogeneous Reactions AUTHORS: Blanchard LP Le Goff P SOURCE: Canadian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 35, pages 89-98, 13 references, 19571957 ABSTRACT: The reactions of carbon-disulfide (75150) (CS2), hydrogen-sulfide (7783064) (H2S), sulfur-dioxide (7446095) (SO2), and carbon-tetrachloride (56235) (CCl4) on pure tungsten (7440337) ribbons were studied at 1300 to 2000 degrees-K. The vapor of the sample material at a pressure of 0.00001 millimeters of mercury was pumped through a reaction chamber at a rate of 5 liters per second. The vapor then reacted with a tungsten ribbon that was mounted in the chamber. The reactants and products were analyzed by a mass spectrometer, the ionization chamber of which formed an integral part

of the reaction vessel. In the decomposition of CS2, the parent peak, mass 76, decreased above 1400 degrees. Mass 44 and mass 64 intensities increased above 1400 degrees while that of mass 32 remained constant. The decomposition of H2S on pure tungsten produced decreasing ion intensities of mass 33 and 34 above 1500 degrees. On pure tungsten, the decomposition of SO2 showed a decrease in the appearance potential of mass 64 between 1300 and 1900 degrees. Increases in the intensities of mass 35 and 70 were seen during the decomposition of CCl4. The authors conclude that on pure tungsten ribbon, the decompositions of CS2 to carbon-sulfide (2944050) and sulfur (7704349), H2S to hydrogen (1333740) and sulfur, SO2 to oxygen (7782447) and sulfur-monoxide (13827322), and CCl4 to carbon-dichloride (1605727), chlorine (7782505), and chloride (16887006) occur. KEYWORDS: DCN-122795 Analytical methods Analytical chemistry Pyrolysis Mass spectrometry Physical properties Chemical properties Testing equipment Laboratory testing Heat exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-15-0 75-15-0 7783-06-4 7446-09-5 56-23-5 7440-33-7 2944-05-0 7704-34-9 1333-74-0 7782-44-7 13827-32-2 1605-72-7 7782-50-5 16887-00-6 CODEN: CJCHAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1957 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00133453 85 TITLE: Interstitial Lung Disease And Asthma In Hard-Metal Workers: Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Ultrastructural, And Analytical Findings And Results Of Bronchial Provocation Tests AUTHORS:

Davison AG Haslam PL Corrin B Coutts II Dewar A Riding WD Studdy PR Newman-Taylor AJ SOURCE: Thorax, Vol. 38, No. 2, pages 119-128, 29 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Five cases of hard metal workers with occupational respiratory disorders were investigated. A 35 year old man who ground sintered hard metal had interstitial lung disease with mural, luminal, and giant cell features together with bronchiolitis obliterans. Treatment with 60 milligrams prednisolone and vacation from work improved his condition, but it deteriorated within days of return to work. Similar interstitial disease was seen in a 28 year old tool grinder who had worked for 8 years. He suffered dyspnea even at rest. Elemental analysis of lung biopsy material showed particles of tungsten (7440337), sometimes associated with titanium (7440326) or cobalt (7440484). Lung biopsy in a 48 year old tool grinder with a 14 year history of progressive shortness of breath and a cough revealed interstitial lymphocytic infiltration and fibrosis though giant cell features were less pronounced. Tungsten and titanium were detected in mononuclear and multinuclear macrophages. Following prednisolone treatment his exercise tolerance, radiograph, and lung function improved. The only woman was a 40 year old who developed asthma while working as a cutter and grinder of sintered hard metal. Lung function tests showed reversible airway obstruction. Despite avoidance of exposure she continued to suffer intermittent asthma attacks. The chest radiograph of a 45 year old man, an exsmoker, who worked for 20 years mixing cobalt and tungsten powders showed fine nodular shadowing throughout both lung fields. Numerous refractile particles were present in 21 percent of macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Tungsten, iron (7439896), and occasionally tantalum (7440257) were identified. Cobalt was not detected, but inhalation tests with cobalt powder significantly decreased forced expiratory volume. With reduced exposure to hard metal dust and treatment with inhaled salbutamol and beclomethasone, the patient remained symptom free, but lung function tests continued to show an obstructive ventilatory defect. The authors conclude that hard metal exposure produces interstitial fibrosis and asthma. Cobalt may be the causative agent. KEYWORDS: DCN-130663 Lung Lung burden Lung function Pulmonary function Pulmonary disorders Pulmonary system Lung disorders Respiration Ventilation Dust analysis Dust samplers CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-48-4 7439-89-6 7440-25-7 CODEN: THORA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00143214 86 TITLE: Trace of Metal Exposure in Hard Metal Lung Disease AUTHORS: Rizzato G Cicero SL Barberis M Torre M Pietra R Sabbioni E SOURCE: Chest, Vol. 90, No. 1, pages 101-106, 13 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: A case of a former metal worker complaining of dyspnea was investigated. The 34 year old Caucasian male had worked for 13 years as a grinder, forming cutting edges on steel tools covered with hard metals. Chest X-rays after 12 years exposure showed wide bilateral reticulomicronodular shadows. Four years after removal from hard metal exposure specimens of lung biopsy obtained by thoracotomy, lung washing fluids from bronchoalveolar lavage, blood, and urine were subjected to nuclear activation analysis for trace metal determination. Results were compared to those for 17 unexposed comparison subjects. Lung biopsy trace metal concentrations for the worker compared to control values showed that the highest values were those for tungsten (7440337), tantalum (7440257), and to a minor extent, nickel (7440020), cobalt (7440484), chromium (7440473), and thorium (7440291). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids showed worker tantalum elevated 10,100 times over controls, with tungsten, thorium, and selenium (7782492) also elevated. In patient blood, mean values of 1070 parts/billion (ppb) of tantalum and 200ppb nickel were significantly elevated over control values. Urinary concentrations of tungsten and tantalum were more than 10 times those in comparisons. Urinary uranium (7440611), gold (7440575) and lutetium (7439943) were also significantly increased. The authors conclude that this worker suffered from hard metal pulmonary fibrosis due to occupational multi element dust exposures during hard metal grinding. Cobalt may be the etiologic agent in this case. Tantalum is thought to be relatively benign and the toxicologic significance of high concentrations in lung biopsy material from this worker is not clear. Results suggest that tungsten, tantalum, and cobalt have a poor degree of mobility.

KEYWORDS: DCN-147501 Case studies Lung disorders Metal dusts Humans Occupational respiratory disease Lung fibrosis Hard metals Toolmaking Abrasive grinding CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 7440-02-0 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-29-1 7782-49-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7439-94-3 CODEN: CHETBF ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00163523 87 TITLE: Industrial Hygiene Aspects of the Cemented Tungsten Carbide Industry AUTHORS: Fairhall LT Castberg HT Carrozzo NJ Brinton HP SOURCE: Occupational Medicine, Vol. 4, No. 4, pages 371-379, 31 references, 19471947 ABSTRACT: An occupational health survey was conducted in three large cemented tungsten-carbide plants. The field investigation comprised an engineering study of the working conditions, and particularly the dustiness of operations, in the various plants, and a medical and dental study of the health of the workers. Chemical examination was made of the dust content of the air samples secured at various operations to evaluate the dust content of the air and to determine the chemical composition of the dust, particularly the cobalt (7440484) content. The regions of the body where

examiners consistently obtained abnormal findings on physical examination were the conjunctivas and the upper respiratory tract. Abnormal conditions of the gingivae were found among three fourths of those examined, and in one half of the mucous membrane was abnormal to some extent. KEYWORDS: DCN-178835 NIOSH Author Cemented tungsten carbide Metalworking Tungsten Environment Respiratory system disorders Tungsten compounds Oral disorders Cemented carbides Airborne particulates Air quality Dusts Gingival disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: OCMEA4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1947 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074893 88 TITLE: Industrial Hygiene: Allowable Concentrations of Harmful Substances in the Atmosphere of Workplaces Definitions and Limit Values AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: German Democratic Republic, Industrial Standard 22,310, Group 963601, pages 1-3, 19731973 ABSTRACT: Definitions are given for the terms: workplace, maximum allowable workplace concentration, smoke, dust, and fog, as used in the Industrial Hygiene Standard of the German Democratic Republic. Maximum allowable concentrations are given for tungsten (7440337), xylidine (1300738), xylol (1330207), zinc-oxide (1314132), and tin (7440315) compounds. The 30 minute maximum allowable concentration for tungsten is 12 milligrams per cubic meter, and the long term (8.75 hour) maximum allowable concentration is 6 milligrams per cubic meter. (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178834

TRANS Refractory metals Transition metals Air contaminants Standards Cemented tungsten carbide Solvents Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 1300-73-8 1330-20-7 1314-13-2 7440-31-5 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074891 89 TITLE: Evaluation of the in vitro direct and indirect genotoxic effects of cobalt compounds using the alkaline comet assay. Influence of interdonor and interexperimental variability. AUTHORS: De Boeck M Lison D Kirsch-Volders M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Laboratorium voor Cellulaire Genetica, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. mdboeck@vub.ac.be SOURCE: Carcinogenesis 1998 Nov;19(11):2021-9 ABSTRACT: The mechanisms of cobalt-induced pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and cancer are incompletely understood. DNA damage, either induced by genotoxic (direct or via oxygen radicals) or co-genotoxic (e.g. inhibition of DNA repair) processes may play an important role in the initiation of cancer. The alkaline comet assay provides a sensitive tool to investigate these two processes. Cobalt metal, a mixture of cobalt with tungsten carbide and cobalt chloride, were compared for their DNA-damaging capacity. Concentrations from 0 to 6.0 microg Co-equivalent/ml were tested. All three compounds were able to induce DNA damage in isolated human lymphocytes from three donors, in a dose- and time-dependent way. A relatively large interexperimental and interdonor variability in response was observed. This was ascribed to technical parameters and unidentified individual factors. This confirms the importance of repeating experiments using the same and different donors. The DNA-damaging potential of the cobalt-tungsten carbide mixture was higher than that of cobalt metal and

cobalt chloride, which had comparable responses. No significant increase of DNA migration was observed when the DNA of cells treated with cobalt metal, cobalt-tungsten carbide or tungsten carbide were incubated with the oxidative lesion-specific enzyme formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase. This suggests that during the short treatment period no substantial oxidative damage to DNA was produced. Cobalt metal was able to inhibit the repair of methylmethanesulphonate-induced DNA damage. This was concluded from simultaneous exposure to cobalt and methyl methanesulphonate, post-incubation and post-treatment with 1.2 microg/ml cobalt of methyl methanesulphonate-treated cells. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE SEX TREATED: FEMALE TISSUE CULTURED: LYMPHOCYTES CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS ASSAY: EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Adult Cells, Cultured Cobalt/*TOXICITY Dose-Response Relationship, Drug DNA/*DRUG EFFECTS *DNA Damage Female Human Methyl Methanesulfonate/TOXICITY Oxidation-Reduction Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Time Factors CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7646-79-9 UNKNOWN 66-27-3 NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0143-3334 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199902

JOURNAL TITLE CODE: C9T TITLE ABBREVIATION: Carcinogenesis YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/99070661 EMIC/108156 LAST REVISION DATE: 19990510 90 TITLE: Pneumoconiosis in the Hard Metal Industry Technical and Medical Study AUTHORS: Lundgren KD Ohman H SOURCE: Archiv fuer Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und fuer Klinische Medezin, Vol. 325, No. 3, pages 259-284, 18 references, 19541954 ABSTRACT: The occurrence of chronic lung fibrosis in a number of workers employed in the powder mixing and briquetting operations, in the hard metals industry, are reported. Environmental surveys and medical studies performed in hard metal factories with about 200 exposed workers failed to explain the reason for the development of the disease. However, a causal relationship might exist between the occurrence of pneumoconiosis and exposure to the metals involved in the powder mixing operation, although the onset of pathology was not correlated to the length of exposure. The workers in the powder sections were exposed to dust that consisted of tungstic-acid (7783031), metallic tungsten (7440337), tungsten-carbide, titanium-oxide (1309633), titanium-carbide, cobalt-oxalate (814891), metallic cobalt (7440484), and carbon (7440440). (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178842 TRANS Respiratory system disorders Refractory metals Heavy metals Transition metals Primary metallurgical processes Tungsten Tungsten compounds Inorganic compounds Metal powders Air contamination Pneumoconiosis Histopathology Cemented tungsten carbide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7783-03-1 7783-03-1 7440-33-7 1309-63-3 814-89-1 7440-48-4 7440-44-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1954 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074901 91 TITLE: Paraquat Causes S-Phase Arrest of Rat Liver and Lung Cells In Vivo AUTHORS: Matsubara M Yamagami K Kitazawa Y Kawamoto K Tanaka T SOURCE: Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 70, No. 8, pages 514-518, 22 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: The ability of paraquat (4685147) to induce S-phase arrest in lung and liver cells was studied in rats. The ability of tungsten (7440337) to protect against this effect was also examined. Male Wistar-rats were fed standard diets or diets supplemented with 0.07% sodium-tungstate (13472452) for 5 weeks. They were then injected intravenously with 0 or 20mg/kg paraquat-dichloride (1910425). The rats were killed 1, 3, or 5 days later and the livers and the lungs were removed. They had been injected intravenously with 2mg/kg bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 1 hour before death to label S-phase cells. The proportion of lung and liver cells in the S-phase and other cells of the cell cycle were determined by flow cytometric analysis utilizing anti-BrdU/propidium-iodide staining. Paraquat significantly increased the proportion of lung and liver cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle 1 and 3 days after dosing. The proportion of cells in the GoG1 and G2M phases were decreased, confirming the paraquat induced S-phase block. On day five, the proportion of liver cells in the S-phase had nearly returned to the control level. The proportion of S-phase lung cells was still elevated. In rats fed the tungsten enriched diet, no increase in the proportion of S-phase cells was seen in either the lungs or liver. The authors conclude that paraquat does not induce S-phase arrest in either lung or liver cells in rats fed a tungsten enriched diet. Since tungsten is a xanthine-oxidase inhibitor, this suggests that xanthine-oxidase plays an important role in paraquat toxicity. KEYWORDS: DCN-235917

Herbicides In vivo studies Laboratory animals Cell division Biokinetics Tungsten compounds Feeding study Lung cells Liver cells Prophylaxis Toxic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 4685-14-7 4685-14-7 7440-33-7 13472-45-2 1910-42-5 CODEN: ARTODN ENTRY MONTH: 199801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00235492 92 TITLE: Induction and prevention of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes exposed to the light of halogen tungsten lamps. AUTHORS: D'Agostini F Caimo A De Filippi S De Flora S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Health Sciences, Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. SOURCE: Mutagenesis 1999 Jul;14(4):433-6 ABSTRACT: Previous studies have shown that the light emitted by halogen tungsten lamps contains UV radiation in the UV-A, UV-B and UV-C regions, induces mutations and irreparable DNA damage in bacteria, enhances the frequency of micronuclei in cultured human lymphocytes and is potently carcinogenic to the skin of hairless mice. The present study showed that the light emitted by an uncovered, traditional halogen lamp induces a significant, dose-related and time-related increase not only in micronuclei but also in chromosome-type aberrations, such as breaks, and even more in chromatid-type aberrations, such as isochromatid breaks, exchanges and isochromatid/chromatid interchanges, all including gaps or not, in cultured human lymphocytes. All these genotoxic effects were completely

prevented by shielding the same lamp with a silica glass cover, blocking UV radiation. A new model of halogen lamp, having the quartz bulb treated in order to reduce the output of UV radiation, was considerably less genotoxic than the uncovered halogen lamp, yet induction of chromosomal alterations was observed at high illuminance levels. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE TISSUE CULTURED: LYMPHOCYTES-DIVISION BLOCKED CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS ASSAY: CYTOLOGICAL EFFECTS EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Adult Cells, Cultured Chromosome Aberrations/GENETICS Halogens Human Lighting/*ADVERSE EFFECTS Lymphocytes/*DRUG EFFECTS Lymphocytes/*ULTRASTRUCTURE Male Micronuclei/GENETICS Micronuclei/*RADIATION EFFECTS Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Tungsten Ultraviolet Rays/*ADVERSE EFFECTS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0267-8357 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199911 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: MUG TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutagenesis YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

EMIC/MED/99322098 EMIC/110082 LAST REVISION DATE: 19991105 93 TITLE: The Tolerance of Rabbit Cornea for Various Chemical Substances AUTHORS: Hughes WF Jr SOURCE: The Physiology, Biochemistry and Cytopathology of the Cornea in Relation to Injury by Mustard Gas and Allied Toxic Agents, J. S. Friedenwald and A. C. Woods, Editors; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, pages 338-349, 1 reference, 19441944 ABSTRACT: Tables list tolerance of rabbit cornea for a large number of chemicals. Usually 0.1 milliliters of the solution of the test substance was injected intracorneally. The exact quantity injected within limits of 0.05-0.2 cubic centimeters was of less importance than the concentration of the injected material. The only tungsten (7440337) compound, tungstic-acid (7783031) is listed as giving a detectable reaction at pH 7-9. Other types of substances include agents such as hypertonic agents, dehydrating agents, solvents, protein precipitating agents, quinones and hydroquinones, reducing agents, sulfhydryl binding agents, miscellaneous inhibiting agents, and dyes. KEYWORDS: DCN-178856 Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Acids Tungsten compounds Toxicity Eye irritants Cornea disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7783-03-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1944 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074918 94 TITLE: Exposure Of Welders To Fumes, Cr, Ni, Cu, And Gases In Dutch Industries

AUTHORS: van der Wal JF SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 29, No. 3, pages 377-389, 21 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: Exposures to total particulate, chromium (7440473), nickel (7440020), and copper (7440508) fumes during the welding of non alloyed, stainless, and high alloyed steels were investigated in welders. Exposure to nitrogen oxides and ozone was also monitored. The techniques investigated included: welding stainless steel using manual metal arc with coated electrodes, metal inert gas, and tungsten inert gas; welding alloys with tungsten inert gas; aluminum bronze with metal inert gas; and manual metal arc and tungsten inert gas welding. Samples were collected in the breathing zone of the welders behind the face guard. Samples were also collected at about 2 meters distance from the welders and their working areas. Samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry for content of particulate and metals in the particulate fume. Manual metal arc welding fumes of stainless steel contained soluble hexavalent chromium. During metal inert gas and tungsten inert gas welding, the fumes contained chromium which was insoluble in water and not hexavalent. The nickel was insoluble in water in all three processes. Only metal inert gas welding of aluminum yielded concentrations of ozone in the breathing zone exceeding permissible standards. The author concludes that exposure to copper, nickel, and chromium fumes during welding may exceed occupational safety standards. KEYWORDS: DCN-145934 Exposure levels Inhalants Breathing zone Industrial exposures Lung irritants Occupational exposure Air sampling Health hazards Chemical composition Respiratory irritants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 7440-50-8 CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00158243

95 TITLE: Electron Microscopy Study of Various Cellular Aspects of Pulmonary Fibroadenomatoses with Diffusion Disorders (Discussion on the Etiological Role of Cobalt and Tungsten Carbide) AUTHORS: Collet A Liot F Gallouedec C Roussel G Martin J Reuet C Brouet G SOURCE: Revue de Tuberculose et de Pneumonologie, Vol. 27, No. 4, pages 357-381, 22 references, 19631963 ABSTRACT: The development of an acute respiratory febrile episode at the age of 54 in a man having occupational exposure to cobalt (7440484) and tungsten-carbide dusts led to the radiological discovery of a diffuse pulmonary abnormality of an unusual type. After the patient's dyspnea had improved for short period, it became so exacerbated that he was no longer able to work. Respiratory function tests revealed significant alveolar-capillary diffusion disorders. The pulmonary biopsy demonstrated that the disease in question was a histologically benign fibroadenomatosis. Morphological abnormalities of the alveolar capillary wall were investigated by electron microscopic means, and the findings are compared with certain features usually observed in the course of malignant cellular processes. (French; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178826 TRANS Cemented tungsten carbide Blood vessel disorders Tungsten Lung disorders Respiratory system disorders Cardiovascular system disorders Capillaries Circulatory system Neoplastic transformation Inhalation Fibrosis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: RTPNAS ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1963 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NIOSH/00074882 96 TITLE: Aerosol Trace Element Analysis Using Neutron Activation and X-Ray Fluorescence AUTHORS: Roberts NJ SOURCE: Report Prepared for U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48, by University of California, Livermore, California, 117 pages, 33 references, 19741974 ABSTRACT: Throughout 1972, air filter samples were collected in a mining district at Kellogg, Idaho. They were analyzed to determine the trace elements, and to seek indications of their sources, natural from the soil, or as a result of mining operations. Tungsten (7440337) was one of 34 elements determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis; six others were determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The enrichment of the element concentrations relative to their worldwide average in earth's crustal rock in tabulated. Based on the enrichment factors the sources of the elements are ascribed; tungsten falls in the intermediate range, or uncertain origin group. Twelve elements are identified as definitely derived from mining and smelting operations. KEYWORDS: DCN-152777 Trace substances Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Air contaminants Environmental contamination Air monitoring Trace analysis Tungsten Analytical methods Primary metallurgical processes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074871 97 TITLE: Diffuse Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis. Responsibility of Hard Metals AUTHORS: Baudouin J Jobard P

Moline J Lavandier M Roullier A Homasson JP SOURCE: Nouvelle Presse Medicale, Vol. 4, No. 18, pages 1353-1355, 18 references, 19751975 ABSTRACT: In a factory producing tungsten-carbide and hard metals, 15 of 100 workers exposed showed signs of irritation, which progressed in five to clinical, radiological and functional pulmonary fibrosis with altered carbon-monoxide (630080) transport. In one patient histological sections were studied and typical findings of dust inclusion seen. Pulmonary specimens subjected to X-ray fluorescence revealed tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326), tantalum (7440257), and niobium (7440031). Since the patient was exposed to these metals and their oxides and carbides at work, the disease is considered to be occupational in origin. (French; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178823 TRANS Lung fibrosis Diagnostic tests Transition metals Tungsten compounds Hard materials Respiratory system disorders Exposure Tungsten Histology Histopathology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 630-08-0 630-08-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-03-1 CODEN: NPMDAD ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074877 98 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-85-064-1844, GTEalenite Corporation, Westminster, South Carolina AUTHORS:

Bryant CJ Singal M SOURCE: Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-85-064-1844, 26 pages, 46 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: In response to a confidential request, an evaluation of exposure to hard metal dusts was made at GTE Corporation (SIC-3541), Westminster, South Carolina, employing 50 production workers. Dusts were generated during finish grinding of tungsten-carbide cutting tool inserts. Personal and area air samples were analyzed for seven nitrosamines, cobalt (7440484), and tungsten (7440337). No nitrosamines were detected. Cobalt levels were nondetectable to 26.8 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3) (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Value, 50microg/m3). Tungsten levels were nondetectable to 0.41mg/m3 (NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit, 5mg/m3). Medical survey of 35 workers showed respiratory symptoms associated with length of employment and smoking status. Symptoms did not correlate with exposure category. Personal air samples were taken for cobalt for ten workers giving urine samples pre and post shift. All had increased urine cobalt levels over shift. There was no correlation between total airborne and urine cobalt levels, but there was a significant association for post shift urinary and respirable cobalt. The authors recommend that air sampling for tungsten-carbide and cobalt be continued. Good housekeeping and personal hygiene practices should be instituted and maintained. Change to a safer cutting fluid is recommended along with a medical surveillance program and careful follow up of employees with persistent symptoms of cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, or wheezing. KEYWORDS: DCN-165352 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author HETA 85 064 1844 NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report Region 4 Hazard Unconfirmed Cutting tools Metallic dusts Grinding mills Metalworking Safety measures Medical monitoring CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NIOSH/00177538 99 TITLE: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics AUTHORS: Weast RD 19Ed SOURCE: The Chemical Rubber Company, Cleveland, Ohio, Edition 53, pages B-76, B-79, B-81, B-86, B-90, B-100, B-104, B-107, B-110, B-118, B-127, B-135, B-141, B-143, B-150-151, and C-715, 19721972 ABSTRACT: Physical constants are given in tabular form for organic and inorganic compounds of tungsten (7440337). Information given includes: name, synonyms, formula, molecular weight, crystalline form, crystalline properties, index of refraction, density or specific gravity, melting point, boiling point, and solubility in cold water, hot water and other solvents. KEYWORDS: DCN-178832 Metal compounds Refractory metals Transition metals Tungsten compounds Physical properties Chemical properties Cemented tungsten carbide Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074889 100 TITLE: Pulmonary Fibroses among Hard Metal Production Workers AUTHORS: Heuer W SOURCE: Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene, Vol. 19, pages 613-632, 12 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: Mild, moderately severe or severe pulmonary fibrosis was identified in 12 of 208 workers employed at a hard metal production plant, in addition to

43 cases of suspected incipient pneumoconiosis. Most of the workers with fibrosis were employed in processing operations involving the basic elements of hard metal production, that is, cobalt (7440484), tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326) and tantalum (7440257). In one case, autopsy and histological examination revealed pulmonary fibrosis and the presence of remarkable amounts of tungsten, cobalt and titanium in the lung tissue. In addition to fibrosis, the prevalence of respiratory disease, particularly bronchitis, in the populations studied was high. (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178847 TRANS Tungsten Refractory metals Hard materials Lung fibrosis Respiratory system disorders Powder metallurgy industry Heavy metals Dust inhalation Metallic dusts Lung burden Occupational diseases Cemented tungsten carbide CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 CODEN: AGGHAR ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074908 101 TITLE: A Nested Case-Control Study of Lung Cancer among Silica Exposed Workers in China AUTHORS: McLaughlin JK Chen J-Q Dosemeci M Chen R-A Rexing SH Wu Z Hearl FJ McCawley MA Blot WJ

SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 49, No. 3, pages 167-171, 25 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: A case/control study of workers at facilities in China known to have a history of heavy silica (14808607) exposure, was conducted in order to assess the role of silica in the etiology of lung cancer. A total of 316 men with lung cancer and 1352 comparison workers from 29 mines and factories (including pottery factories, and clay, tungsten, iron/copper and tin mines). A detailed quantitative exposure matrix was developed using information available from work histories, industrial hygiene records, and a monitoring program specially designed for the investigation. A job title dictionary was developed. Information of confounding exposures such as radon (10043922), arsenic (7440382), polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons (PAH), and tobacco use was obtained. Odds ratios (OR) analysis showed that 30% of the cases were from tungsten mines, 28% from tin mines, 25% from iron/copper mines, and 18% from pottery factories. Information on history of tobacco smoking was obtained. The highest risk associated with cumulative total dust and respirable silica was in tin miners followed by pottery workers. Tungsten miners had decreased risks, and iron/copper workers showed some increase with rise in total dust, but not with respirable silica. Although exposure to PAH and silica correlated among pottery workers, adjustment for this confounder slightly raised rather than lowered the OR for silica exposure. Among tin miners, exposure to arsenic was significantly associated with risk of lung cancer. Both arsenic and PAH exposure were correlated with silica concentrations in these workers, so that adjustment for these confounders was not possible. No clear trend with regard to radon was observed. A significant excess of silicosis occurred among iron/copper and tin miners with lung cancer, but not among pottery workers or tungsten miners, even though these two categories were subjected to heavier silica exposure. The authors conclude that while there is some evidence for an association between silica exposure and lung cancer, it is difficult to dissociate the effects of confounders. Furthermore, inconsistencies exist in the association between silicosis and risk of lung cancer. KEYWORDS: DCN-205604 NIOSH Author Carcinogenicity Carcinogens Dust exposure Epidemiology Factory workers Metallic dusts Mine workers Occupational exposure Risk analysis Risk factors Silica dusts Silicosis Toxic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 10043-92-2 7440-38-2

CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00205733 102 TITLE: The Effect of BAL on Experimental Lead, Tungsten, Vanadium, Uranium, Copper, and Copper-Arsenic Poisoning AUTHORS: Lusky LM Braun HA Laug EP SOURCE: Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Vol. 31, No. 5, pages 301-305, 11 references, 19491949 ABSTRACT: The effect of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (59529) (BAL) on experimental poisoning induced with lead (7439921) (Pb), tungsten (7440337), copper (7440508), vanadium (7440622), uranium (7440611(), and cupric-arsenite (10290127) was studied. Rabbits, 8 to 10 weeks old, were poisoned by Pb and received intravenous BAL, 30 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) in water followed by the same dose subcutaneously in oil, and subsequent 15mg/kg doses in oil for 29 days. Adult rabbits were poisoned by the other metals and treated by one or more 30mg/kg doses of BAL in oil. Animals were observed for survival. Young rabbits poisoned with Pb were examined for symptoms, survival and Pb contents of bones. After Pb poisoning, 66 percent of the untreated rabbits died within 25 days after losing 35 percent of their body weight. Only one of the animals treated with BAL deteriorated in this way. BAL increased the median lethal dose (LD50) of Pb from 25 to 41mg/kg. The Pb content in bones of rabbits receiving intravenous Pb plus BAL was reduced from 66 to 30 micrograms per gram after 8 days, and from 104 to 42 micrograms per gram after 30 days. BAL increased the LD50 for tungsten from 105 to 129mg/kg; had no effect on the LD50 for vanadium; and decreased the uranium LD50 from 1.5 to 0.9mg/kg. Bal increased the LD50 of copper from 10 to 37mg/kg, and cupric-arsenite from 13 to 26mg/kg. The authors conclude that BAL decreases the toxicity of intravenously administered Pb, tungsten, copper, and cupric-arsenite in rabbits, but is ineffective in the treatment of rabbits acutely poisoned with vanadium and uranium salts. KEYWORDS: DCN-118397 Animal studies Metal poisoning Toxic dose Therapeutic agents Laboratory testing In vivo studies Medicinal chemicals

Biological effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 59-52-9 59-52-9 7439-92-1 7440-33-7 7440-50-8 7440-62-2 10290-12-7 CODEN: JIHTAB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1949 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129845 103 TITLE: Some Industrial Hygiene Problems in the Production of Hard Alloys AUTHORS: Salikhodzhaev SS Vengerskaya KhYa SOURCE: Poroshkovaia Metallurgiia. Akademiia Nauk Ukrainskoi S.S.R., Vol. 2, No. 2, pages 106-110, 19621962 ABSTRACT: The health hazards were evaluated in a partially mechanized plant engaged in the production of hard alloys. A high level of air contamination by rare metal aerosols was seen in poorly mechanized processes such as cleaning of boats or poorly sealed dust forming processes such as screening, loading and unloading of ball mills. Detailed measurements are given for each process regarding dust, tungsten (7440337), and cobalt (7440484) content in air. Sealing the screening process reduced the range of air contamination, from 35.3-222.0 to 10.0-40.0 milligrams per cubic meter. Converting from manual to automatic pressing also reduced the dust content from 15.9 to 7.4 milligrams per cubic meter. Meteorological conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, rate of air movement, and radiant energy are listed for the various operations. Almost half of the workers studied since 1959 complained about their health asthma, coughs, palpitation of the heart, headaches, vertigo, nausea, lack of appetite, and a loss of the sense of smell, dryness in the nose and throat, and throat infection. Recommendations include a reduction of dust in the air, an increase in ventilation and cooling, health examinations, and wearing of face masks. (Russian; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178849 TRANS Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Metals

Primary metallurgical processes Air pollution Control measures Protective measures Dusts Transition metals Environment Symptoms Metal fabrication workers CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: PMANAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074910 104 TITLE: Inflammatory response of the lung to tungsten particles: An experimental study in mice submitted to intratracheal instillation of a calcium tungstate powder. AUTHORS: PEAO M ND AGUAS AP DE SA CM GRANDE NR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Anat., Abel Salazar Inst. Biomed. Sci., Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4000 Porto, Portugal. SOURCE: LUNG; 171 (4). 1993. 187-201. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Tungsten has been implicated as a cause of a severe form of pneumoconiosis in humans, the so-called "hard metal" lung disease. We have investigated the effect of intratracheal instillation of a powder of calcium tungstate on the pulmonary tissue of CD-1 mice. The tungsten-induced alterations were studied using 3 microanatomical methods: cytologic study of exudates obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); histologic examination of paraffin-embedded sections of the lung; and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination of lung samples using x-ray microanalysis to detect tungsten in situ. The animals were sacrificed 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after a single intratracheal instillation of 250 mug calcium tungstate particles suspended in 100 mul of saline. We found that the metal particles induced a marked inflammatory response in the bronchoalveolar space characterized by a biphasic attraction of leukocytes with cellular peaks observed at day 1 and 14.

More than 50% of the MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7790-75-2 7790-75-2 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: LUNGD ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/25851 105 TITLE: Cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis. AUTHORS: KITAMURA H KITAMURA H TOZAWA T KIMULA Y AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathol., Yokohama City Univ. Sch. Med., 2-33 Urahune, Minami, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Jpn.

SOURCE: ACTA PATHOL JPN; 28 (6). 1978 (RECD. 1979). 921-936. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An autopsy case of cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis, the 1st lethal case in Japan, is presented. A 28 yr old woman, who was engaged in grinding presintered metallic matrix for 4 yr, developed respiratory symptoms. X-ray examinations were indicative of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Corticosteroid therapy revealed only little effect. She died 5 yr after the onset of the symptoms. Postmortem examination showed nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis resulting in marked lung fibrosis. Ultrastructurally, crystals were observed in cytoplasm of presumable macrophages in the fibrotic lung tissue. Electron probe microanalysis of the lung tissue showed the presence of W and other constituents of tungsten carbide except for Co. Metal analysis demonstrated a large amount of W in the lung. Co was detected at 10-fold the normal value in the bone. In pathogenesis of the pneumoconiosis in the cemented tungsten carbide workers, toxicity of Co is most suspectable and individual susceptibility may be also important. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: APJAA ENTRY MONTH: 197908 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/08730 106 TITLE: Airborne Tungsten Oxide Whiskers in a Hard-Metal Industry. Preliminary Findings AUTHORS: Sahle W Laszlo I Krantz S Christensson B SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 38, No. 1, pages 37-44, 32 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The presence of airborne fibers in the working environment in the hard metal industry was examined. Air samples were collected at one position near the reduction furnace at a hard metal factory over a 1 week period and fiber concentrations were determined using optical and transmission electron microscopy. The total dust concentration was determined to be 0.22mg/m3. Optical microscopic analysis demonstrated a daily variability in the fiber concentration. Both straight and curved tungsten-oxide (1314358) fibers as well as single fibers and aggregates were identified

by transmission electron microscopy. Fiber concentrations as determined by transmission electron microscopy were found to be 0.08 fibers/milliliter for fibers greater than 5 microns in length. The authors conclude that tungsten-oxide fibers should be considered potentially harmful. KEYWORDS: DCN-218803 Airborne fibers Hard metals Hard metal workers Occupational exposure Exposure levels Tungsten compounds Airborne dusts CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-35-8 CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00219201 107 TITLE: Environmental contamination by cobalt in the vicinity of a cemented tungsten carbide tool grinding plant. AUTHORS: ABRAHAM JL HUNT A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathol., State Univ. New York Health Sci. Cent., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH; 69 (1). 1995. 67-74. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Surface soil and dust samples have been collected from the vicinity of a hard metal (cemented tungsten carbide) tool grinding factory. As a result of poor waste management practices, dusts generated by the grinding operation were, for the most part, swept from the interior of the building onto open ground at the rear of the plant. The potential for contamination of the local environment with cobalt, tungsten, and other metals as a result of dust being either resuspended from the resulting uncontrolled mound of debris or emitted from the factory vents was considerable. Levels of cobalt in local soils were found to be as high as 12,700 mg kg-1; almost 2000 times higher than the average value for in the United States. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis examination of the waste dust particles revealed that the individual particles were, in general,

composites containing variable quantities of tungsten, cobalt, calcium, titanium, and iron. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVRA ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/01678 108 TITLE: Cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis: Human case and experimental approach. AUTHORS: KITAMURA H AUTHOR ADDRESS: First Dep. Pathol., Yokohama City Univ. Sch. Med., 2-33 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232, Jpn. SOURCE: YOKOHAMA MED BULL; 31 (4-6). 1980 (RECD. 1981). 103-126. ABSTRACT:

HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An autopsy case of cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis was presented. A 33 yr old woman who was engaged in grinding presintered metallic matrix for 4 y developed respiratory symptoms with suspicion of interstitial pulmonary disease. Despite retirement from work and receiving corticosteroid treatment, she expired 5 yr after onset of symptoms. Postmortem examination revealed extensive nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis accompanied by marked lung fibrosis. Patchy distribution of the lesions of fibrosis was characteristic. Ultrastructurally, hard crystals were observed in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Electron probe microanalysis of the lung tissue showed the presence of W, Ti and Ta, but no Co. Metal analysis demonstrated a large amount of W in the lung. Co was detected 10- to 20-fold of the normal value in the bone and in less amounts in the lung. Co had a high solubility in the plasma that was closely related to its cytotoxicity. A cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis was produced in rats via a single intratracheal injection of the saline suspension containing the presintered carbide dusts. The acute response of the lungs to the dust, which was lethal in 1/5 of the animals, was hemorrhagic edema with intense alveolar engorgement. Six months after treatment, all animals developed pulmonary lesions of patchy fibrosis in the vicinity of the deposited dusts, occasionally associated with focal traction emphysema and bronchiolectasia. At 12 mo., only 1/3 of the animals showed pulmonary lesions similar to those seen in the 6 mo. responders. The remaining animals had neither fibrosis nor dust deposition. Fibrosis of the lungs appeared to result from collapse of the alveoli with condensation of the pre-existent reticulin fibers at light microscopical level. Ultrastructurally, interstitial deposition of collagen fibers and immature elastic fibers was occasionally observed, associated with the finding of type II pneumocyte proliferation. Hard crystals compatible with the carbide dusts were seen in the cytoplasm of macrophages or freely in the interstitial spaces. Recovery of the pulmonary lesions evidently resulted from removal of the dusts from the lesions. Pulmonary lesions simulated, in part, those of the human cases but differed in respect to less severe lesions and the lack of interstitial pneumonitis. The biological effects of cemented tungsten carbide dust on human or animal lungs were attributable to the toxicity of Co that was related to its high solubility in protein-rich fluids like blood plasma. It is essential to remove workers from exposure to the dust as soon as suspicious signs and symptoms are noticed. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 CODEN: YMBUA ENTRY MONTH: 198112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/00257 109 TITLE:

Effect Of Molybdenum Deficiency On Chemically-Induced Carcinogenesis In Rats AUTHORS: Luo X-M Wei H-J Yang SP SOURCE: Trace Substances in Environmental Health XVI, pages 355-361, 14 references, 19821982 ABSTRACT: The role of dietary molybdenum (7439987) in prevention of induced esophageal cancer was studied in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley-rats were given a nutritionally adequate diet with drinking water to which 2 or 20 parts per million (ppm) molybdenum as sodium-molybdate or 100 or 200ppm tungsten (7440337) was added. Rats received molybdenum for 30 weeks or tungsten for 19 weeks. The carcinogen N-nitrososarcosine-ethyl-ester (13344508) (NSEE) was prepared and given in doses sufficient to cause hyperplastic lesions at 10 milliliters of solution per kilogram body weight by gastric intubation. Beginning in week 4 animals were intubated twice weekly for 2, 4, or 8 weeks. Animals were killed at 19 or 30 weeks and visceral organs examined visually. Esophagus and forestomach were examined histologically. The only abnormalities found in rats receiving NSEE were in the esophagus and forestomach. All animals receiving NSEE had hyperplastic lesions at 19 weeks but cancer incidence was significantly reduced in those receiving molybdenum at either concentration, with no significant difference between the two molybdenum concentrations. Animals receiving the carcinogen plus 200ppm tungsten had more hyperplastic and precancerous lesions than those not receiving tungsten. The authors conclude that the addition of molybdenum to drinking water at either concentration reduces chemically induced esophageal and forestomach cancers. KEYWORDS: DCN-134556 Trace substances Health care Carcinogens Animal studies Chemical inhibition Quantitative analysis Trace analysis Chemical analysis Biology Trace metals Environmental exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 13344-50-8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00147681 110 TITLE: Inhibitory Effects Of Molybdenum On Esophageal And Forestomach Carcinogenesis In Rats AUTHORS: Luo X-M Wei H-J Yang SP SOURCE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 71, No. 1, pages 75-80, 16 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: The inhibitory effects of molybdenum (7439987) on esophageal and forestomach carcinogenesis were studied in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley-rats were administered 0, 2, or 20 parts per million (ppm) sodium-molybdate (7631950) or 0, 100, or 200ppm sodium-tungstate (11120017) in their drinking water for 19 or 30 weeks. The animals were gastrically intubated twice weekly with 10 milliliters of a solution of N-nitrososarcosine-ethyl-ester (13344508) for 2 to 8 weeks. The animals were monitored for body weight changes. The rats were killed at the end of the experimental periods and the visceral organs were examined for histopathological changes. The animals that were administered the ester with or without the molybdenum or tungsten (7440337) supplements gained weight less rapidly from week 13 on. The addition of 2 or 20ppm molybdenum significantly inhibited the ester induced esophageal and forestomach carcinogenesis. The 100ppm dose of tungsten had no effect on carcinogenesis or the action of molybdenum. The 200ppm dose of tungsten significantly countered the inhibitory action of molybdenum. The authors conclude that supplemental molybdenum increased and supplemental tungsten decreased the activity of the molybdenum containing enzyme xanthine-oxidase in the liver, intestine, and kidneys. KEYWORDS: DCN-129333 Animal studies Toxicopathology Research Drug interaction Comparative toxicology Dose response Biological effects Metals Enzyme inhibitors Quantitative analysis Histochemical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7439-98-7 7631-95-0 11120-01-7 13344-50-8 7440-33-7

CODEN: JNCIAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00141804 111 TITLE: Thiamine responsive anemia in DIDMOAD syndrome AUTHORS: Borgna-Pignatti C Marradi P Pinelli L Monetti N Patrini C AUTHOR ADDRESS: Reprints: Clin. Pediatr., Policlin. Borgo Roma, 37134 Verona, Italy Inst. of Human Physiol., Univ. of Pavia, Pavia, Italy SOURCE: J. Pediatr.; VOL 114 ISS Mar 1989, P405-410, (REF 31) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A report is presented of 2 young cousins with Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD syndrome; diabetes insipidus-diabetes mellitus-optic atrophy-deafness) in whom hematologic findings returned to normal and insulin requirements decreased upon treatment with thiamine (I), 75 mg daily. Withdrawal of I repeatedly induced relapse of the anemia and an increase in insulin requirements. It is proposed that an inherited abnormality of I metabolism is responsible for the multisystem degenerative disorder known as DIDMOAD syndrome. KEYWORDS: Thiamine Wolfram syndrome therapy Insulin thiamine therapy Vitamins Wolfram syndrome thiamine(Vitamins Pediatrics Wolfram syndrome therapy HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 59-43-8 59-43-8 9004-10-8 LANGUAGE:

eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0022-3476 CODEN: JOPDA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 6 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/90/879039 112 TITLE: Cobalt Exposure and Lung Disease in Tungsten Carbide Production. A Cross-Sectional Study of Current Workers AUTHORS: Sprince NL Oliver LC Eisen EA Greene RE Chamberlin RI SOURCE: American Review of Respiratory Disease, Vol. 138, No. 5, pages 1220-1226, 15 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: A study of the prevalence of lung disease and cobalt (7440484) exposure in tungsten-carbide production workers was conducted. The cohort consisted of 1039 workers, 828 males, mean age 36 years, at 22 tungsten-carbide production facilities. The subjects completed a questionnaire package to obtain information on respiratory health, smoking, and occupational history. Spirometric evaluation, including measuring single breath diffusing capacity for carbon-monoxide (DLco) was performed. Chest x-rays were obtained. Industrial hygiene sampling for airborne cobalt was done. Work related wheeze, chronic bronchitis, and dyspnea were the most frequently reported respiratory symptoms. Subjects with work related wheeze smoked more and had been exposed longer than other subjects. Abnormal chest x-rays, bronchitis and obstruction were more frequent among subjects with work related wheeze regardless of smoking status. Bronchitis was more frequent among smokers with work related wheeze than those without wheeze. The relative odds for work related wheeze doubled for workers with cobalt exposures above 50 micrograms per cubic meter. Decrements in 1 second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity were significantly associated with pack years smoking but not with cumulative exposure or years of exposure. DLco was significantly associated with cumulative and years' exposure after adjusting for smoking. Hard grinders had lower mean DLcos than nongrinders. The overall prevalence of abnormal chest x-rays was 2.6 percent. Abnormal chest x-rays were significantly positively correlated with cumulative exposure in subjects with a latency exceeding 10 years after adjusting for

smoking. Eighteen subjects had radiographic opacities graded 1/0, of which three were diagnosed with interstitial lung disease. Seven of eight subjects with radiographic opacities graded 1/1 or higher had interstitial lung disease. The authors suggest that a small percentage of tungsten-carbide workers with increased individual susceptibility is at risk for developing interstitial lung disease. These workers may develop interstitial lung disease after relatively shorter and lower exposures than less susceptible individuals. KEYWORDS: DCN-176686 Lung disorders Epidemiology Hard metal workers Clinical symptoms Chest X rays Industrial hygiene Questionnaires Pulmonary function X ray diagnosis Tobacco smoke CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: ARDSBL ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00185983 113 TITLE: Maintenance of stellite and tungsten carbide saw tips: Respiratory health and exposure-response evaluations. AUTHORS: KENNEDY SM CHAN-YEUNG M MARION S LEA J TESCHKE K AUTHOR ADDRESS: Occup. Hyg. Programmme, Univ. B.C., 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. SOURCE: OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE; 52 (3). 1995. 185-191. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Objective: To study exposure to chromium in saw maintenance rooms and test respiratory health filers at lumber mills. Hard-metal lung disease is associated in the manufacture of tungsten carbide tools; recently it has cobalt and among saw with cobalt also been

reported among tool maintenance workers. Lumber mills often use saws tipped with tungsten carbide or with a newer alloy, stellite (containing more cobalt, as well as chromium). Methods: A cross sectional study of 118 saw filers at eight lumber mills was carried out that included a standardised questionnaire, spirometry, personal air sampling, and examination of tasks every 10 minutes (by observation). Comparison data were from a study of bus mechanics tested with similar methods. Results and Conclusion: Cobalt exposure was associated with tungsten carbide grinding but not with stellite grinding. Chromium exposure was associated mainly with stellite welding. Saw filers had a twofold increase in phlegm and wheeze (P MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: OEMEE ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/14187 114 TITLE: Acute effects of lead, steel, tungsten-iron, and tungsten-polymer shot administered to game-farm mallards. AUTHORS: KELLY ME FITZGERALD SD AULERICH RJ BALANDER RJ POWELL DC STICKLE RL STEVENS W

CRAY C TEMPELMAN RJ BURSIAN SJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathol., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES; 34 (4). 1998. 673-687. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Sixteen-bird groups (sexes equal) of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were orally dosed with eight #4 steel shot, eight #4 lead shot, eight BB-size tungsten-iron shot, eight BB-size tungsten-polymer shot, or were sham-dosed and maintained for 30 days (16 January 1996 to 15 February 1996). Half of the lead-dosed ducks (five males, three females) died during the study, whereas no ducks died in the other dosage groups. For lead-dosed ducks, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were decreased on day 15 of the trial, but not on day 30. Delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in lead-dosed ducks was lower when compared to steel-dosed ducks only. Plasma activities of selected enzymes were elevated in lead-dosed ducks when compared to enzyme activities of ducks in the other groups. For lead-dosed ducks, relative heart, liver, and kidney weights increased in comparison to relative weights of those organs of ducks in other groups. Histology of tissues indicated that MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM URINE/CHEMISTRY ADIPOSE TISSUE BONE AND BONES CONNECTIVE TISSUE DIAGNOSIS FASCIA JOINTS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BIRDS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Digestive System-General Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-General Bones Toxicology-General Anseriformes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12597-69-2 12597-69-2 7440-33-7 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: JWIDA ENTRY MONTH: 199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/00430 115 TITLE: Neuentwicklung eines Systems zur Rueckgewinnung von umweltkritischen Wertstoffen in Produktionsmedien fuer die Herstellung von Leuchtstoffen und Wolfram. Abschlussbericht. (Development of an innovative system recovering ecocritical base materials for luminous substance and tungsten production. Final AUTHORS: Marsen G Seidel K Kaiser M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Osram G.m.b.H. - Studiengesellschaft, Augsburg (Germany, F.R.). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 19, 1991 ABSTRACT: TD3: In the framework of the project under review, methods for the recovery and reutilization of materials such as yttrium, europium, tungsten, and ammonium were developed or improved, respectively. The substances recovered were found to be pure enough to be reprocessed. Primary project aims, i.e. materials-preserving processing techniques and minimization of environmental impacts, have been reached. (orig.). (TIB: FR 3737.) (Copyright (c) 1991 by FIZ. Citation no. 91:000843.) In German. KEYWORDS: Recycling Tungsten Ammonium Fluorescent lamps Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/TIB/A91-00843, 53p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC E09 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany, F.R.). ENTRY MONTH: 199112

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/TIB/A91-00843 116 TITLE: The Determination of Major Alloying Elements in High-Temperature Cobalt-Base Alloys by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry AUTHORS: Welcher GG Kriege OH SOURCE: Atomic Absorption Newsletter, Vol. 9, No. 3, pages 61-64, 2 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: A thorough study of interelement interferences has been made, resulting in procedures for the accurate determination of major amounts of aluminum (7429905), chromium (7440473), iron (7439896), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), nickel (7440020), niobium (7440031), tantalum (7440257), titanium (7440326), and tungsten (7440337), in high-temperature cobalt (7440484) base alloys. For the determination of major elements in cobalt alloys by atomic absorption, close matching of samples and standards is unnecessary, and the few interferences are easily controlled. Five representative cobalt base alloys were analyzed using these procedures, and the results compared favorably with National Bureau of Standards certified values of values obtained by wet chemical analysis. KEYWORDS: DCN-178821 Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Analytical methods Analytical chemistry Tungsten alloys Spectrometry Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-47-3 7439-89-6 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-02-0 7440-03-1 7440-25-7 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: AABNAC ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074875 117 TITLE: Mechanistic Study of the Hydrodesulfurization of Methanethiol over Tungsten Disulfide; a Survey of Rare Earth Sulfides for Hydrodesulfurization Activity. AUTHORS: Dowd DQ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ames Lab., IA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1985 ABSTRACT: TD3: Hydrodesulfurization is a process whereby sulfur bound in organic compounds is removed as hydrogen sulfide, and is important to the control of sulfur dioxide emissions in the combustion of petroleum and coal fuels. It involves the cleavage of carbon sulfur bonds, and is catalyzed by layered disulfides such as molybdenum and tungsten disulfide. The simplest example is the reaction CH sub 3 SH + H sub 2 implies CH sub 4 + H sub 2 S. The mechanism of even this protypical reaction is unclear. In an effort to clarify it, the kinetics of methanethiol hydrodesulfurization over tungsten disulfide at low pressures was established, with partial pressures of methanethiol and hydrogen varied over a hundred fold. The kinetic order in each reactant was positive when its partial pressure was low negative when its partial pressure was high. The negative order in hydrogen had not been previously seen. The product gases, methane and hydrogen sulfide, each exhibited negative kinetic orders at high partial pressure KEYWORDS: Cerium Sulfides Desulfurization Dysprosium Sulfides Erbium Sulfides Gadolinium Sulfides Hydrogen Hydrogenation Lanthanum Sulfides Neodymium Sulfides Praseodymium Sulfides Terbium Sulfides Thiols Tungsten Sulfides Ytterbium Sulfides ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE85011758, 117p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A06/MF A01

SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198601 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE85011758 118 TITLE: Respiratory Effects of Hard-Metal Dust Exposure AUTHORS: Balmes JR SOURCE: Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, Vol. 2, No. 2, pages 327-344, 50 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: Respiratory aspects of worker exposure to hard metal dust are reviewed. Exposed workers are at risk for the development of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Even though the role of cobalt (7440484) in the development of this disease is accepted, the mechanism by which it operates is not understood. A description of the hard metal production process is offered. In all of the various processes, respirable dust particles with an average mean diameter of less than 2.0 microns are produced. Workers who are particularly involved in the weighing or ball milling of the powdered metals, machining the presintered material and grinding the sintered hard metal products may be exposed to significant amounts of dust if engineering controls are not used. Historical data, results of animal studies, and findings on the environmental disposition of cobalt, tungsten (7440337), or total dust are delineated. Exposure to cobalt in the hard metal industry can be monitored by urinary levels in addition to measurement in ambient air. Blood cobalt concentrations have also been measured. The distinctive clinical presentation of hard metal workers with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis is described. Considerable efforts have been made in industry to lower the exposure to hard metal dust. The significant exposures now occurring are at secondary use facilities where machining and grinding of tungsten-carbide (12070121) tools may be performed without proper ventilation or respiratory protection. KEYWORDS: DCN-157113 Metal industry workers Hard metal workers Metal dusts Occupational exposure Pulmonary system disorders Cobalt compounds Cobalt alloys Grinding mills Tungsten minerals Tungsten compounds Dust inhalation

Occupational respiratory disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 12070-12-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00169259 119 TITLE: MUTAGENICITY OF HEAVY METALS USED IN MILITARY APPLICATIONS: COMPARISON OF DEPLETED URANIUM, TUNGSTEN, AND NICKELYMEETING ABSTRACT SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM HUMAN STRAIN-TA98 STRAIN-TA7002 STRAIN-TA7001 STRAIN-TA7003 STRAIN-TA7006 STRAIN-TA7005 STRAIN-TA7004 TOXICOLOGY NICKEL MUTAGEN URANIUM TUNGSTEN CARCINOGENESIS TUMOR BIOLOGY MOLECULAR GENETICS =7440020 =7440337 =7440611 AUTHORS: MILLER AC PAGE N SOURCE: 1999 ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOCIETY MEETING, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, MARCH 27-APRIL 1, 1999.YENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS; 33 (SUPPL. 33). 1999. 45. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MUTAGENICITY OF HEAVY METALS USED IN MILITARY APPLICATIONS: COMPARISON OF DEPLETED URANIUM, TUNGSTEN, AND NICKELYMEETING ABSTRACT SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM HUMAN STRAIN-TA98 STRAIN-TA7002 STRAIN-TA7001 STRAIN-TA7003 STRAIN-TA7006 STRAIN-TA7005 STRAIN-TA7004 TOXICOLOGY NICKEL MUTAGEN URANIUM TUNGSTEN CARCINOGENESIS TUMOR BIOLOGY MOLECULAR GENETICS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY GENETICS, MEDICAL POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY NEOPLASMS BACTERIA/CLASSIFICATION BACTERIA/GENETICS VIRUSES/GENETICS ENTEROBACTERIACEAE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Toxicology-General

Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-General Bacteriology Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses Enterobacteriaceae (1992- ) Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-61-1 7440-61-1 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EMMUE ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/30369 120 TITLE: Hard-Metal Pneumoconiosis in Switzerland AUTHORS: Reber E Burckhardt P SOURCE: Respiration, Vol. 27, No. 2, pages 120-142, 18 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: The results of investigations of dust samples taken from various workplaces in Swiss plants that are engaged in hard metal manufacture are discussed. The threshold limit values which have been set up for cobalt (7440484) and tungsten (7440337) had not been exceeded in pressing plants. However, the cobalt dust concentrations in mixing and casting plants were above these limits. Airborne concentrations of tungsten, however, rarely exceeded the limit. The first part of this report discusses the survey made on metal carbide production, the manufacturing processes used, and the risk of dust thereby incurred by the workers. Preventive measures being taken to limit dust exposure are also discussed. In the remainder of the paper the main findings reported in the medical literature related to cases of pneumoconiosis as reported to the Swiss Accident Insurance Association are discussed. (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178830 TRANS Cemented tungsten carbide Metalworking industry Air sampling Respiratory system disorders Lung disorders

Dusts Air monitoring Environmental contaminants Exposure limits Tungsten Inhalation Metalworking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: RESPBD ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074887 121 TITLE: The Nitrous Oxide-Acetylene Flame in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy AUTHORS: Manning DC SOURCE: Atomic Absorption Newsletter, Vol. 5, No. 6, pages 127-134, 14 references, 19661966 ABSTRACT: Operating conditions, together with sensitivities and detection limits obtained, are listed for 28 elements determined in the nitrous-oxide/acetylene flame. Absorbance values are tabulated for a number of lines of tungsten (7440337), uranium (7440644), and samarium (7440199), europium (7440531), terbium (7440279), holmium (7440600), erbium (7440520), dysprosium (7429916), gadolinium (7440542), lanthanum (7439910), scandium (7440202), zirconium (7440677), praseodymium (7440100), and ytterbium (7440644). Effects due to chemical interferences, ionization, and flame noise are discussed. KEYWORDS: DCN-178840 Tungsten Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Analytical methods Atomic absorption spectroscopy Rare earth metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-64-4 7440-19-9

7440-53-1 7440-27-9 7440-60-0 7440-52-0 7429-91-6 7440-54-2 7439-91-0 7440-20-2 7440-67-7 7440-10-0 7440-64-4 CODEN: AABNAC ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1966 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074899 122 TITLE: Hard Metal Pneumoconiosis AUTHORS: Joseph M SOURCE: Australasian Radiology, Vol. 12, pages 92-95, 4 references, 19681968 ABSTRACT: A diffuse pulmonary lesion was found in a 33 year old man undergoing a routine chest X-ray. Diagnosis was made of advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. For fourteen months prior to this time he had been working as a precision grinder, grinding a hard metal compound, stellite (8049283), with a silicon-carbide wheel and without any exhaust ventilation. Minor abnormalities of lung function were demonstrated consistent with interstitial rather than airways disease. Biopsy revealed lesions of hard metal pneumoconiosis. A chemical analysis showed a quantity of titanium (7440326), but no tungsten (7440337) or cobalt (7440484). The diagnosis of hard metal pneumoconiosis rests on the history of exposure to hard metal dust, the X-ray appearances of the lungs, the histology of the lung biopsy, and the finding of one constituent of hard metal in the lung tissue. While there are no exposure standards for tungsten-carbide or cobalt dusts, the dust concentrations in workplaces have been in excess of those found in a recent survey which listed 0.31 million particles per cubic foot as the average dust concentration. It is suggested, however, that this patient may have been of the hypersensitive type. KEYWORDS: DCN-178831 Cemented tungsten carbide Respiratory system disorders Lung disorders Metalworking industry Grinding equipment

Grinding machines Metalworking Grinding wheels Transition metals Tungsten Inhalation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 8049-28-3 8049-28-3 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: AURDAW ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074888 123 TITLE: Exposures from thorium contained in thoriated tungsten welding electrodes. AUTHORS: JANKOVIC JT UNDERWOOD WS GOODWIN GM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6292, USA. SOURCE: AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL; 60 (3). 1999. 384-389. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Information provided in this article can be used for estimating the radiation dose associated with the use of thoriated tungsten electrodes in tungsten inert gas welding. Area and breathing zone concentrations of 232Th generated by welding and electrode sharpening along with particle size information; isotopic composition of electrodes from two domestic manufacturers and one European manufacturer; and process variables and estimates on the number of thoriated tungsten electrodes manufactured are rpening. Less than 3% of the weight loss was attributable to the welding process. The in-mask concentration of respirable thorium particulate in the welder's breathing zone was 0.002f respirable thorium particulate from electrode sharpening was 1.3sec per electrode. Estimates of the activity median aerodynamic diameters for the respirable fraction of the welding and electrode sharpening aerosol MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-General Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/19133 124 TITLE: Catalytic-adsorptive stripping voltammetric measurements of ultratrace levels of tungsten. AUTHORS: WANG J LU J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem., New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA. SOURCE: TALANTA; 39 (7). 1992. 801-804. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An ultrasensitive catalytic-adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedure for trace measurements of tungsten, based on a chlorate catalytic reduction peak in a 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (VMA)-oxine-sulfuric acid medium is reported. Optimum experimental conditions (particularly the solution composition) are exposed to give an extremely low detection limit of 5 ng/l. (2.5in accumulation. The relative standard deviation (at 1 mug/l.) is 1.0%. The high sensitivity and precision are coupled to high selectivity. Simultaneous trace quantitation of tungsten and molybdenum is also illustrated. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TLNTA ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/24006 125 TITLE: Evaluation of the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Interactive Toxicity of Carbide-Cobalt Mixtures on Macrophages in Culture AUTHORS: Lison D Lauwerys R SOURCE: Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 67, No. 5, pages 347-351, 15 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: The induction of hydroxy radicals by carbide/cobalt mixtures was studied. The hydroxy radical inducing ability of 10 different carbide/cobalt mixtures was studied using the deoxyribose degradation assay and macrophage cultures in the presence or absence of scavengers. Iron(II) (7439896) and cobalt (7440484) plus tungsten-carbide (12070121) caused deoxyribose degradation and the effects of both were enhanced with the addition of hydrogen-peroxide (H2O2). Only the former was enhanced with the addition of ascorbate. In contrast, cobalt and cobalt(II) were inactive in the assay in the absence of H2O2 or ascorbate. A high rate of degradation was seen following incubation with tungsten-carbide alone and this was increased slightly with the addition of H2O2 but unaffected by ascorbate. The effects of niobium (7440031), titanium (7440326), tantalum (7440257), and chromium (7440473) carbides were weaker than the effects of tungsten-carbide while those of molybdenum (7439987) and vanadium (7440622) carbides were stronger. An increase in the release of lactate-dehydrogenase was seen following incubation of mouse macrophages with cobalt-chloride (7646799), cobalt, or tungsten-carbide and these effects were not reduced by the addition of catalase, sodium-azide, sodium-benzoate, mannitol, methionine, taurine, or superoxide-dismutase. The authors conclude that these results do not support the notion that the

production of reactive oxygen species contributes to the elective toxicity of carbide-cobalt mixtures. KEYWORDS: DCN-215585 Toxic effects Free radicals Free radical generation Oxidative processes Metal carbides Cobalt compounds Lung cells CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 7439-89-6 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 7440-03-1 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-47-3 7439-98-7 7440-62-2 7646-79-9 CODEN: ARTODN ENTRY MONTH: 199401 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00215815 126 TITLE: Pulmonary Disease in Workers in the Production of Hard Metals (Sintered Carbides) AUTHORS: Barborik M SOURCE: Pracovni Lekarstvi, Vol. 18, No. 6-7, pages 241-247, 41 references, 19661966 ABSTRACT: Cough was the prevalent symptom recorded in 193 workers engaged in the production of hard metals, or sintered carbides, at a plant where dust levels in the air ranged from 13 to 100 milligrams per cubic meter. The basic materials used were tungsten-carbide, titanium-carbide and cobalt (7440484) powders. Chest x-rays showed changes ranging from slight reticulation to advanced pulmonary fibrosis in 16 percent of the workers exposed, including 3 with histologically confirmed severe fibrosis and 7 with moderately severe disease. It is postulated that metallic cobalt powder plays a substantial role in the etiology of pulmonary fibrosis, and that this effect may be potentiated by tungsten-carbide. (Czech; English

translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178845 TRANS Tungsten Refractory metals Hard materials Lung fibrosis Respiratory system disorders Heavy metals Powder metallurgy industry Dust inhalation Histopathology Air contamination Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: PRLFAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1966 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074906 127 TITLE: Biological Monitoring of Workers Exposed to Cobalt Metal, Salt, Oxides, and Hard Metal Dust AUTHORS: Lison D Buchet J-P Swennen B Molders J Lauwerys R SOURCE: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 51, No. 7, pages 447-450, 17 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The influence of the chemical form of cobalt (7440484) on the response of several biological indicators was investigated in workers exposed to different cobalt compounds. Occupational exposure to cobalt and its concentrations in blood and urine were characterized in workers exposed to cobalt metal, oxides and salts in a refinery and to a mixture of cobalt and tungsten-carbide in a hard metal producing facility. The study population included 122 men from a cobalt refinery and ten from a cemented tungsten-carbide factory. The study group was divided into three classifications based on their main workplace or activity. Thirty five workers were exposed to cobalt metal, 72 to cobalt salts, and 15 to cobalt oxides. For those at the tungsten-carbide factory, work involved the

grinding of cobalt and tungsten-carbide powders after the addition of paraffin, the pressing and presintering of small blocks of the mixture, and the shaping and sintering of the product. The authors conclude that, depending on the chemical form to which workers were exposed, clear differences were noted in the relations between air and urine or blood cobalt concentrations. Biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt oxides showed greater blood and urine concentrations than in nonexposed subjects, but these indices only poorly reflected the recent exposure level. When exposure was to soluble cobalt compounds, the measurement of urinary or blood cobalt at the end of the workweek could be recommended for monitoring of workers. Exposure to 20 or 50 micrograms/cubic meter of a soluble form of cobalt for 8 hours resulted in an average concentration of 18.2 or 32.4 micrograms of cobalt per gram creatinine in the urine, respectively. KEYWORDS: DCN-221307 Biological monitoring Blood analysis Urinalysis Carbides Cobalt compounds Refineries Hard metal workers Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00221564 128 TITLE: Study of the Mechanism Responsible for the Elective Toxicity of Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Powder toward Macrophages AUTHORS: Lison D Lauwerys R SOURCE: Toxicology Letters, Vol. 60, No. 2, pages 203-210, 11 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: In this study of the mechanisms of metal powder toxicity toward murine macrophages in-vitro, extra fine cobalt (7440484) (Co) metal powder, tungsten-carbide (12070121) mixed with cobalt (W-Co) and cobalt-chloride (7646799) (CoCl2) were prepared and suspended in DMEM-H medium. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were incubated with the suspensions for 18 hours prior to filtering the suspensions. Solubilization of Co in the extracellular milieu was increased by the presence of tungsten (7440337), but this was not the critical factor in explaining the greater toxicity of the W-Co mixture as increasing the amount of solubilized cobalt in the

extracellular medium in the absence of tungsten did not result in increased toxicity. The amount of cobalt solubilized from a toxic dose of W-Co was insufficient to affect by itself macrophage viability. Only when the W-Co mixture came directly in contact with the cells was a toxic effect observed. The elective toxicity of W-Co could not be explained by stimulation of phagocytosis of cobalt metal particles due to the simultaneous presence of other particles in the extracellular fluid since stimulation of phagocytosis by latex beads or zymosan particles did not amplify the toxicity of cobalt metal particles. The authors conclude that the toxicity of the W-Co mixture did not result exclusively from the enhanced bioavailability of its cobalt component. The authors suggest that hard metal dust behaves as a specific toxic entity. KEYWORDS: DCN-206824 Metallic dusts Laboratory animals In vitro studies Cytotoxic effects Respiratory system disorders Lung irritants Lung disease Hard metals Hard metal disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 7646-79-9 7440-33-7 CODEN: TOLED5 ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00207069 129 TITLE: General Procedures for Metals AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, HEW Publication No. (NIOSH) 75-121, Cincinnati, US Dept. Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health, Service, Center for Disease Control, NIOSH, pages 173-1 to 174-8, 2 references, 19741974 ABSTRACT: A method is described for the analysis of metals as found in industrial hygiene samples. Samples are ashed using nitric-acid to destroy the organic matrix and the metals are solubilized in an acidic solution

maintaining a pH of 1. Samples and standards are aspirated into the appropriate atomic absorption flame. Data are given on the range and sensitivity, precision, accuracy, advantages and disadvantages of the method. Also described are the apparatus, reagents, and procedure used; analysis of samples; interferences; calibration and standards; and calculations. A data table is provided for the following metals; beryllium (7440417), calcium (7440702), cadmium (7440439), cobalt (7440484), chromium (7440473), copper (7440508), iron (7439896), potassium (7440235), magnesium (7439954), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), sodium (7440235), nickel (7440020), lead (7439921), tin (7440337), zinc (7440666), aluminum (7429905), lithium (7439932), palladium (7440053), silicon (7440213), silver (7440224), tellurium (10028167), thallium (7440280), barium (7440393), and arsenic (7440382). There is no reference to tungsten (7440337) in this paper. KEYWORDS: DCN-178827 NIOSH Publication Analytical methods Air monitoring Cemented tungsten carbide Air sampling Metalworking industry Transition metals Tungsten Sampling Workplaces Metalworking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-41-7 7440-41-7 7440-70-2 7440-43-9 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-50-8 7439-89-6 7440-23-5 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-23-5 7440-02-0 7439-92-1 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 7429-90-5 7439-93-2 7440-05-3 7440-21-3 7440-22-4 10028-16-7 7440-28-0 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074884 130 TITLE: New Synthesis of Hexamethyltungsten(VI); Hexamethylrhenium(VI) and Dioxotrimethylrhenium(VII) AUTHORS: Galyer L Mertis K Wilkinson G SOURCE: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, Vol. 85, pages C37-C38, 2 references, 19751975 ABSTRACT: A new synthesis of hexamethyltungsten in multigram quantities by the interaction of the tungsten (7440337) compound tungsten-hexachloride and trimethylaluminum in petroleum ether at minus 70 degrees Celsius is described. Also described is the interaction of trimethylaluminum and oxotetramethylrhenium, resulting in the production of hexamethylrhenium. The synthesis of dioxotrimethylrhenium is also reported. KEYWORDS: DCN-178841 Tungsten Refractory metals Transition metals Organo metallic compounds Chemical reactions Chemical synthesis Cemented tungsten carbide CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: JORCAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074900 131 TITLE: Health Hazard of Poorly Regulated Exposure during Manufacture of Cemented Tungsten Carbides and Cobalt AUTHORS: Auchincloss JH

Abraham JL Gilbert R Lax M Henneberger PK Heitzman ER Peppi DJ SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 49, No. 12, pages 832-836, 14 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: The effects of exposure to tungsten-carbide (12070121) and cobalt (7440484) were investigated in 42 of 125 workers employed in a facility of Syracuse, New York during 1966 through 1982 where cemented tungsten carbides were manufactured. The facility was closed in 1982. Reliable exposure data were not available, but workers reported that the facility was always dusty. Chest radiographs were taken in 1982 through 1985 along with spirometry and lung volumes plus airway resistance studies. The workers were divided into four groups based on lung volumes. There was no significant difference between these groups based on years of exposure. Four cases in this study and one case not studied during life revealed giant cell interstitial pneumonia and appreciable concentrations of tungsten-carbide. Chest radiographs provided evidence of pulmonary fibrosis in four cases, two with normal lung function. Abnormal pulmonary function was noted in 14, five of whom had a restrictive pattern, eight a pattern of air trapping, and one a combined pattern. Four of the workers had progressive clinically important disease. The authors conclude that poorly regulated working conditions existed in such facilities as this one and that these dusty conditions were responsible for the illnesses and abnormalities present in the workers today. KEYWORDS: DCN-211911 Mineral dusts Metal dusts Dust inhalation Respiratory system disorders Lung disease Pulmonary function tests Lung function Hard metal workers CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00212087 132

TITLE: Permethyls of Tantalum, Tungsten and Rhenium: A Warning AUTHORS: Mertis K Galyer L Wilkinson G SOURCE: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, Vol. 97, page C65, 2 references, 19751975 ABSTRACT: The explosion hazards presented by the tungsten (7440337) compound pure hexamethyltungsten, pentamethyltantalum and hexamethylrhenium are underlined. It is pointed out that the last two compounds should be handled with extreme caution even in the absence of air since dangerous explosions have occurred when frozen samples warmed up during physical measurements and also during the transfer of the pure compounds. KEYWORDS: DCN-178846 Tungsten Organo metallic compounds Refractory metals Explosion prevention Safety measures Accident prevention Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: JORCAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074907 133 TITLE: Molecular Basis Of The Biological Function Of Molybdenum. The Relationship Between Sulfite Oxidase And The Acute Toxicity Of Bisulfite And SO2 AUTHORS: Cohen HJ Drew RT Johnson JL Rajagopalan KV SOURCE: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, Vol. 70, No. 12, pages 3655-3659, 26 references, 19731973

ABSTRACT: The relationship between sulfite-oxidase activity and the acute toxicity of bisulfite (15181461) and sulfur-dioxide (7446095) (SO2) was investigated in outbred male CD-rats. To produce sulfite-oxidase deficiency, the animals were maintained on a low molybdenum (7439987) diet and the drinking water was supplemented with 100 parts per million (ppm) of tungsten (7440337) as sodium-tungstate (11120017) for 3 to 5 weeks before toxicity studies were performed. For bisulfite toxicity studies, the animals were injected intraperitoneally with doses of sodium-bisulfite (7631905) ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 grams per kilogram (g/kg) and the median lethal dose (LD50) was calculated. For studies of SO2 toxicity, the rats were exposed to an atmosphere of 244 to 1319ppm of SO2 and survival time was measured. After 5 weeks of tungsten treatment, the activities of sulfite-oxidase in liver, kidney, ileum, heart, and lung were less than 3 percent of control values. Hepatic xanthine-oxidase activity and molybdenum content were also decreased to near zero. The LD50 for bisulfite was 181 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) for the animals with lowered sulfite-oxidase activity, compared to 473mg/kg for normal rats. At 2350ppm of SO2, the mean survival time for the tungsten treated animals was 63 minutes compared with 176 minutes for controls. At 925ppm, the survival time for the treated animals averaged 6.1 hours and that of controls averaged 12.6 hours. When animals were exposed to 590ppm, there were no survival differences between eight tungsten treated and eight control animals. The experiment was discontinued after 65 hours with one survivor in each group. Continuous exposure to 100ppm of SO2 or daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.15g/kg of sodium-bisulfite for 6 days did not induce sulfite-oxidase activity. The authors conclude that sulfite-oxidase is important in the toxic systemic effects of bisulfite or SO2. The enzyme does not appear to be inducible by bisulfite or SO2. KEYWORDS: DCN-126647 Metals Chemical properties Physical properties Biochemical analysis Physiological measurements Poisons Toxic effects Animal studies Clinical techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 15181-46-1 15181-46-1 7446-09-5 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 11120-01-7 7631-90-5 CODEN: PNASA6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00138831 134 TITLE: Directional Detector of Gamma Ray Sources AUTHORS: Kronenberg S Brucker GJ Bechtel E Gentner F SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 70, No. 4, pages 505-511, 13 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: An ionization chamber design for detecting and locating gamma radiation sources was described. The chamber was a 9.2 centimeter (cm) high cylinder with a diameter of 5.18cm constructed of lucite containing an S-shaped detector made of aquadag coated lucite, had a inner 0.025 millimeter thick lead liner, and a 0.153 thick outer aluminum wall. The chamber was designed to be used with either tungsten or lead electrodes. Ionization currents generated by a radiation source placed in the chamber were measured and recorded. The chamber fitted with either the tungsten or lead electrodes was tested by irradiating the detector with 661.6 kiloelectron volt (keV) cesium photons and X-ray photons having effective energies of 14, 45.7, 78.5, 126.6, 173.7, 215.5, and 249.6keV while it was rotated on a turntable exposed to the source beams. When used with either type of electrode, the ionization chamber could detect photon energies down to 14keV. The directional sensitivity of the chamber, as indicated by peaks in plots of ionization current versus angle of rotation, depended on the energy of the photons, intensity, and type of source. The maximum increase in ionization current intensity occurred when the photons struck the detector perpendicularly. The plots showed that the current varied with the cosine of the angle of rotation. When the chamber fitted with lead electrodes was exposed to the X-ray photons, a peak normalized ionization current of about 22 was measured. The tungsten electrodes produced a peak normalized current of about 11. This difference appeared to be related to the difference in atomic number between lead and tungsten. The minimum detectable intensity for cesium photon radiation was 100 microgray per hour (microGy/hr). The authors conclude that the ionization chamber can detect and locate gamma radiation sources having intensities as low as 100microGy/hr. Ionization chambers of this type can be used to identify hot spots in contaminated areas. KEYWORDS: DCN-231455 Gamma radiation Radiation sources Radioactive contamination Radiation detection Ionization chambers Laboratory testing Ionizing radiation CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199702

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00231029 135 TITLE: Experimental pneumoconiosis induced by cemented tungsten and sequential concentrations of cobalt and tungsten in the lungs of the rat AUTHORS: Tozawa T Kitamura H Koshi K Ikemi Y Ambe K Kitamura H SOURCE: Japanese Journal of Industrial Health May 1981, Vol.23, No.3, p.216-226. Illus. 29 ref. ABSTRACT: Presintered cemented tungsten carbide (WC) dusts, containing cobalt (Co), were introduced intot the lungs of rats by intratracheal injection. The dusts used were G2 (composition WC:Co=98:2), and TX20 (WC:Co:titanium carbide:tantalum carbide 64:16:6:14). Marked fibrotic foci were observed, and W was detected, in lung tissues of all experimental animals after 6 months. Fibrotic changes and W levels were reduced in both groups after 12 months, and the reduction was more notable in the case of G2 dust. Examination of tissue levels of Co, and Co levels in the lungs and bone, indicated that some Co was dissolved in body fluid and disappeared from the pulmonary fields. The changes induced by these dusts were reversible to some extent. KEYWORDS: RESPIRABLE DUST PNEUMOCONIOSIS TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT CEMENTED CARBIDES ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS PULMONARY FIBROSIS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: jpn PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE:

070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/82/00938 136 TITLE: Control of cobalt exposures during wet process tungsten carbide grinding. AUTHORS: LICHTENSTEIN ME BARTL F PIERCE RT SOURCE: AM IND HYG ASSOC J; 36 (12). 1975 879-885 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Pneumoconiosis has been reported in tungsten carbide manufacture; past studies have suggested that adverse Co exposures in workers may occur from wet process tungsten carbide grinding. Wet process tungsten carbide grinding without local exhaust can cause adverse Co exposures. Controls are summarized. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/08029 137 TITLE: Elimination of Toxic Heavy Metals From Small Caliber Ammunition. AUTHORS: Bunting W AUTHOR ADDRESS: Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, Dover, NJ. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 07, 1998 ABSTRACT: Annual rept. The investigation of the chemical stability and mobility of tungsten as contained in non-lead bullets was conducted during FY 98. The environmental stability and mobility of the powdered tungsten as part of fragmented bullets was examined employing combinations of leaching and

aging (corrosion) experiments. Materials used in the non-lead bullets were exposed to simulated environments (soil, solvents, temperatures, etc.) to determine what compounds would form and their solubility and mobility were examined. KEYWORDS: Tungsten Small arms ammunition Toxicity Heavy metals Simulation Stability Mobility Environments Corrosion Exposure(General) Fragmentation Chemicals Powders Solubility Tungsten Leaching ORDER NUMBER: 30p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 200005 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/ADA371028 138 TITLE: Hard Metal Disease in Workers Employed in Production of Tungsten Carbide AUTHORS: Barborik M SOURCE: Pracovni Lekarstvi, Vol. 18, No. 6-7, pages 241-247, 41 references, 19661966 ABSTRACT: The first experiences gained in Czechoslovakia in the investigation of the health of 193 hard metal workers are reviewed. Cough was a common complaint in 90 (47 percent) of the workers. Dyspnea was reported in 31 percent and in 13 percent a middle heavy and heavy ventilation disorder was proved. In 16 percent (31 cases) marked changes were seen on X-ray examination of the lungs, including light increases of linear markings as well as serious lung fibrosis. A heavy picture of the disease was noted in three cases, a moderate to severe degree was found in 7 others. The

dust of cobalt (7440484) metal powder is of substantial significance in the etiology of the above diseases. It may be concluded that the effect of this dust can be potentiated by tungsten-carbide. Based on these findings the disease originating in the production of hard metals was added to the list of occupational diseases in Czechoslovakia in 1964. (Czech) KEYWORDS: DCN-178829 Cemented tungsten carbide Metalworking industry Lung disorders Respiratory system disorders Metalworking equipment Air monitoring Workplaces Inhalation Tungsten Metalworking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: PRLFAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1966 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074886 139 TITLE: Animal Experiments On The Problem Of Hard Metal Pneumoconiosis AUTHORS: Schiller E SOURCE: Beitrage zur Silikose-Forschung Sonderband, Vol. 3, pages 77-90, 15 references, 19581958 ABSTRACT: The production of pulmonary fibrosis or pneumoconiosis by occupational exposure to hard metal dusts is reviewed. Hard metals refer to a number of materials that are characterized by great hardness, particularly hot hardness, and resistance to wear. Several of these materials are identified. A detailed flow diagram describes the production processes for one group of these materials, the sintered hard metals. Human and animal studies on these materials are discussed. Some workers report only cases of bronchitis in sintered hard metal facilities. Others report cases of death among sintered hard metal workers that were due to pneumonia, with pronounced fibrosis and large intraalveolar cells, although morbidity in general is low. As in human studies, the facts obtained from animal studies are relatively scant. In general, some hard metals such as tungsten (7440337), tungsten-oxide (39318188), tungsten-carbide (12070132), tantalum (7440257), titanium-dioxide

(13463677), and titanium-carbide (56780564), appear to be inert, and their biological action is relatively benign. Exposure to cobalt (7440484), however, appears to result in acute pulmonary damage. Whether this damage is permanent is unknown. More experimental data is needed to assess the occupational hazards associated with exposure to hard metals. A discussion by participants at a meeting of the Working Group for Basic Silicosis Research is included. (German) KEYWORDS: DCN-123327 TRANS Physiological measurements Toxicology Medical research Medical monitoring Poisons Metal poisoning Pulmonary system disorders Respiratory system disorders Biochemical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 39318-18-8 12070-13-2 7440-25-7 13463-67-7 56780-56-4 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1958 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135444 140 TITLE: Documented vasopressin deficiency in a child with Wolfram syndrome AUTHORS: Wit JM Donckerwolcke RAMG Schulpen TWJ Deutman AF AUTHOR ADDRESS: Wilhelmina Kinderziekenhuis, P.O. Box 18009, 3501 CA Utrecht, Netherlands SOURCE: J. Pediatr.; VOL 109 ISS Sep 1986, P493-494, (REF 10) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Vasopressin deficiency in a 14-yr-old girl with Wolfram syndrome treated with intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP; 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin; I), 5 mcg 2 times/day, is reported.

After I administration, normal free water reabsorption was noted with resulting urinary volumes of approximately 1.5 liters. KEYWORDS: Desmopressin Wolfram syndrome vasopressin deficiency Pediatrics Wolfram syndrome DDAVP 1-Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16679-58-6 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0022-3476 CODEN: JOPDA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 6 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/87/715052 141 TITLE: Tungsten determination in biological fluids, hair and nails by plasma emission spectrometry in a case of severe acute intoxication in man. AUTHORS: MARQUET P FRANCOIS B LOTFI H TURCANT A DEBORD J NEDELEC G LACHATRE G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pharmacol. Toxicol., Univ. Hosp., F-87042 Limoges Cedex, France. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES; 42 (3). 1997. 527-530. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A healthy 19-year-old recruit in a French artillery regiment drank 250 mL of a mixture of beer and wine that had rinsed in a hot 155-mm gun-barrel. Fifteen minutes later, he complained of

nausea followed by seizures. He was comatous for 24 h, presenting signs of encephalopathy. A moderate renal failure was noted initially and worsened to an extensive tubular necrosis with anuria on the day after the incident. The first toxicological investigations only showed a 0.31 g blood ethanol. Then inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) emission-spectrometry revealed very high concentrations of tungsten in the "beverage" as well as in gastric content, blood and urine (1540 mg/L, 8 mg/L, 5 mg/L, and 101 mg/L, respectively). The nature of the metal was confirmed by ICP coupled to mass spectrometry. A simple and reliable ICP quantitative assay of tungsten in biological fluids, hair and nails was then developed. It showed high blood levels ( > 0.005 mg/L) until day 13 in spite of six hemod MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): FORENSIC MEDICINE BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS SKIN POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Forensic Science Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Blood Integumentary System-General Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 64-17-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JFSCA ENTRY MONTH: 199901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/37334 142 TITLE: Life-Term Studies in Rats: Effects of Aluminium, Barium, Beryllium, and Tungsten AUTHORS:

Schroeder HA Mitchener M SOURCE: Journal of Nitrition, Vol. 105, No. 4, pages 421-427, 12 references, 19751975 ABSTRACT: The toxicity of aluminum (7429905), barium (7440393), beryllium (7440417), and tungsten (7440337) was studied in weanling rats. Rats were given 5 parts per million of the trace elements as their soluble salts in drinking water for life. Weight was measured at regular intervals, and organs were inspected at death, both grossly and microscopically. Glucose, cholesterol, and uric-acid were measured in body fluids. Aluminum did not affect the weight of female rats, but males were significantly heavier than controls after 1 year of age, 511 grams (g) compared to 485g, respectively. Barium, in contrast, increased the weight of older females, 323g compared to 291g, at 540 days of age. Tungsten increased weights in both sexes, while beryllium produced a weight depression in 2 to 6 month old male rats, with effects of about 30g. There were no significant effect on heart and body weight ratios. Longevity was significantly depressed in males (but not females) receiving tungsten, 983 days versus 1126 days in controls. There was little consistent effect on glycosuria, proteinuria, uric-acid values, or serum glucose and cholesterol. Aluminum slightly elevated the incidence of gross tumors in male, but not in female, rats. The authors conclude that these metals are virtually innocuous at the administered doses as measured by longevity, incidence of tumors, growth, and fluid glucose values. KEYWORDS: DCN-118473 Animal studies Feeding study Long term study Weight measurement Trace substances Toxic materials Tumorigenesis Growth rate Lifespan CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-39-3 7440-41-7 7440-33-7 CODEN: JONUAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129935 143

TITLE: Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Micronucleus Test and the Alkaline Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay for the Detection of DNA Damaging Agents: Genotoxic Effects of Cobalt Powder, Tungsten Carbide and Cobalt-Tungsten Carbide AUTHORS: Van Goethem F Lison D Kirsch-Volders M SOURCE: Mutation Research, Vol. 392, Nos. 1-2, pages 31-43, 41 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: The genotoxic effects of cobalt (7440484) (Co), tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC), and cobalt-tungsten-carbide (WC-Co) were examined using the in-vitro micronucleus (MN) test and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Leukocytes obtained from human peripheral blood samples were exposed to various concentrations of Co, WC, or WC-Co for 15 minutes. The cells were incubated for a total of 72 hours before the microscopic examination of cytokinesis blocked lymphocytes (CBs) for MN. Comet assay analysis was used to determine DNA breakage in exposed cells. DNA migration increased significantly in leukocytes exposed to the metals. Tail length (TL) and tail moment increased in a dose dependent manner in cells treated with Co and WC-Co. The TL and tail moment were greater in cells treated with WC-Co than in cells treated with Co alone. WC and Co exhibited a synergistic effect on TL and tail moment. The frequency of MNCBs increased significantly, although not dose dependently, in cultures exposed to WC. Significant, dose dependent increases in the frequencies of MNCBs were observed in cultures exposed to Co or WC-Co. The percentage of CBs was decreased at the highest concentration only in cells exposed to WC and at all concentrations in cells exposed to Co or WC-Co. The WC-Co mixture was the strongest inducer of MN. The cell division potential was diminished by Co and WC-Co more than by WC alone. DNA breakage, determined in the comet assay, was correlated with the MNCB frequency, with a coefficient of 0.66. The authors conclude that the comet assay performed in conjunction with the MN test offers a useful means of DNA damage assessment. KEYWORDS: DCN-240182 Cell cultures In vitro study Genotoxic effects DNA damage Metal carbides Blood cells Microscopic analysis Analytical methods Exposure levels Dose response Synergism Cell division Statistical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1

CODEN: MUREAV ENTRY MONTH: 199808 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00239756 144 TITLE: A Comprehensive Scheme for the Analysis of a Wide Range of Steels by Atomic-Absorption Spectrophotometry AUTHORS: Thomerson DR Price WJ SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 96, No. 1149, pages 825-834, 39 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: The determination of manganese (7439965), nickel (7440020), chromium (7440473), molybdenum (7439987), copper (7440508), vanadium (7440622), cobalt (7440484), titanium (7440326), tin (7440315), aluminum (7429905), and lead (7439921) in steel by a direct atomic absorption method, which involves a single dissolution based on perchloric-acid (7601903), is described. The scheme effects considerable savings in time compared with traditional methods, and is of comparable accuracy. The serious depressive interferences caused by iron (7439896) on the response of some elements are overcome in the nitrous-oxide/acetylene flame, and minor effects are corrected for by inclusion of iron in calibration standards. No other inter-elemental interferences were encountered in perchloric-acid based solutions in the presence of iron. Silicon (7440213) and tungsten (7440337), which are not retained in this scheme, are determined after a separate dissolution of the sample. Results obtained with British Chemical Standard steels are tabulated, and accuracies discussed. KEYWORDS: DCN-178818 Cemented tungsten carbide Transition metals Analytical methods Heavy metals Chemical analysis Analytical chemistry Spectrometry Alloys Tungsten CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-96-5 7439-96-5 7440-02-0 7440-47-3 7439-98-7 7440-50-8

7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7429-90-5 7439-92-1 7601-90-3 7439-89-6 7440-21-3 7440-33-7 CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074872 145 TITLE: In vitro cytotoxic effects of cobalt-containing dusts on mouse peritoneal and rat alveolar macrophages. AUTHORS: LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol., Occupational Med. Unit, Sch. Med., Catholic Univ. Louvain, 30.54 Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: ENVIRON RES; 52 (2). 1990. 187-198. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. "Hard metal disease" is a chronic lung disease characterized by the presence of interstitial fibrosis; the role of cobalt in the development of this entity is still debated. Indeed, most cases have been observed in some workplaces (grinding) of the hard metal industry and in the diamond polishing industry whereas no similar cases have been reported from workers exposed to pure cobalt powders in cobalt refineries. This study was designed to assess the in vitro toxicity (LDH release, morphology) of different cobalt-containing dusts toward murine peritoneal and alveolar macrophages. The results clearly demonstrate that, both in terms of dust particle and cobalt concentrations, the reactivity of the tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture is quite different from that of cobalt metal powder. The ground tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture prepared by the hard metal industry is almost as toxic as cystalline silica whereas, when tested separately, tungsten carbide has no effect and pure cob MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY MINERALS

BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY MEMBRANES MESENTERY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURE PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Coelomic Membranes Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology In Vitro Studies Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVRA ENTRY MONTH: 199012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/29535 146 TITLE: Indirect Determination of Tungstate in Rat Tissues by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AUTHORS: Chakraborty D Das AK

SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 114, No. 1, pages 67-69, 19 references, 19891989 ABSTRACT: A more rapid and sensitive atomic absorption spectrometric (AAS) analysis for the determination of tungstate was presented. The method was based on the principle that, in acidic solution, tungstate and iron(II) form a stable complex with 2,2'-dipyridyl, extractable in chloroform. The iron(II) in the extract could be determined by flame AAS after stripping back into the aqueous phase with 60 percent perchloric-acid. The tungstate concentration was then related to the amount of iron(II) present rather than to tungsten. Methods which rely on the direct determination of tungsten by AAS have poor sensitivity. This new method was used successfully for the determination of tungstate in Rattus-norvegicus tissue samples. The method was highly sensitive, rapid, simple and free from interference from many foreign ions. Therefore the tungstate could be determined accurately without the use of a masking agent. The proposed method was suitable for routine laboratory determination. KEYWORDS: DCN-177080 Analytical methods Analytical chemistry Chemical analysis Tissue distribution Body burden Laboratory animals Tungsten compounds CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00186329 147 TITLE: Memory Deficits in Workers Suffering from Hard Metal Disease AUTHORS: Jordan C Whitman RD Harbut M Tanner B SOURCE: Toxicology Letters, Vol. 54, Nos. 2/3, pages 241-243, 6 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: Memory functioning in tungsten-carbide (12070121) workers suffering from hard metal disease was examined. Twelve adult former hard metal workers who were exposed to hard metals consisting primarily of cobalt (7440484) and tungsten-carbide and who had manifestations of disease caused by this exposure were administered the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. Twenty six

health, unexposed workers comparable in sex, age, race, and education served as controls. The Wechsler results were analyzed using a direct discriminant function analysis using the indices of verbal memory, visual memory, attention, and delayed memory. The hard metal exposed group of workers showed memory deficits related to difficulties in attention and verbal memory, with an apparent sparing of visual spatial memory. Implications of this finding for future research were discussed. The authors conclude that a comparison of workers with a history of exposure to solvents without hard metals would permit a more complete evaluation of the neuropsychological sequelae of hard metal exposure. KEYWORDS: DCN-194933 Toxic effects Neurotoxic effects Worker health Hard metal workers Hard metal disease Hard metals Neurotoxicity Psychological effects Tungsten compounds Cobalt compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 CODEN: TOLED5 ENTRY MONTH: 199112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00199556 148 TITLE: Metal Compounds and Rare Earths AUTHORS: Wilkenfeld M SOURCE: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Second Edition, W. N. Rom, Editor; Little, Brown and Company, Boston, Massachusetts, pages 815-830, 108 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: Antimony (7440360), copper (7440508), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), osmium (7440042), phosphorus (7723140), selenium (7782492), silver (7440224), tellurium (13494809), thallium (7440280), tin (7440315), tungsten (7440337), vanadium (7440622) and zinc (7440666), and their health effects were reviewed. Information on the uses, sources of environmental and occupational exposure, health hazards, exposure limits, and techniques for monitoring occupational exposure to the elements and

major compounds where available were summarized. Manganese, silver, tin, tungsten, and zinc are commonly used metals that have caused health problems in certain settings. Chronic inhalation exposure has long been recognized as a major cause of severe neurological problems in workers exposed to manganese-dioxide (1313139). Exposure to silver-nitrate (7761888) dusts and solutions has been associated with severe skin, eye, and mucous membrane damage. The skin may become pigmented as a result of the formation of silver/protein complexes. The major hazard associated with tin originates from the use of alkyl and aromatic tin compounds which are neurotoxic. The major problem associated with exposure to tungsten is a respiratory disorder called hard metal disease. Inhalation of fresh zinc-oxide (1314132) fumes causes a flu like syndrome known as metal fume fever. Epidemiological studies have found a slight excess of lung cancer in smelter workers exposed to antimony-trioxide (1309644). Laboratory animal studies have indicated that antimony-trioxide is a lung carcinogen. KEYWORDS: DCN-221992 Transition metals Metalloids Metal compounds Toxic effects Occupational exposure Environmental exposure Health hazards Carcinogens CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-36-0 7440-36-0 7440-50-8 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-04-2 7723-14-0 7782-49-2 7440-22-4 13494-80-9 7440-28-0 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 7440-62-2 7440-66-6 1313-13-9 7761-88-8 1314-13-2 1309-64-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00222254 149 TITLE: Airborne tungsten oxide whiskers in a hard-metal industry: Preliminary

findings. AUTHORS: SAHLE W LASZLO I KRANTZ S CHRISTENSSON B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Natl. Inst. Occupational Health, Aerosol Div., S-171 84 Solna, SWE. SOURCE: ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE; 38 (1). 1994. 37-44. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In spite of an increased risk of death due to pulmonary fibrosis among workers in the hard-metal industry, only one other publication (SAHLE, Chest (Lett.) 102, 1310 (1992)) has reported the presence of airborne fibres in the working environment. In this study, airborne tungsten oxide fibres are observed in such an environment. The fibres are formed and released to the environment as a by-product during the reduction stage of the raw material. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY GASES MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 1314-35-8

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AOHYA ENTRY MONTH: 199407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/15787 150 TITLE: Maintenance of Stellite and Tungsten Carbide Saw Tips: Respiratory Health and Exposure-Response Evaluations AUTHORS: Kennedy SM Chan-Yeung M Marion S Lea J Teschke K SOURCE: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 52, No. 3, pages 185-191, 20 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: A survey was conducted of respiratory health among saw filers in eight lumber mills in coastal British Columbia, Canada. Particular attention was placed on excessive exposures to cobalt (7440484) or chromium (7440473). There were 131 saw filing room personnel eligible to participate and 118 took part (90%). The proportion of the working day spent grinding or welding varied among the workers, but was only seldom over 50% of the day. Detectable cobalt concentrations were identified in 62 of the 278 air samples collected. Factors significantly associated with airborne cobalt concentrations were working within 5 feet of a wet tungsten-carbide grinding machine, working within 5 feet of a dry tungsten-carbide grinding machine, and having a job title of knife grinder or head filer. These factors accounted for 24% of the variance in the cobalt air concentrations. Chromium was detected in 105 of the air samples with a mean of 4 micrograms/cubic meter. Work factors significantly associated with chromium exposure were working within 5 feet of a stellite welding operation, working within 5 feet of a saw steel heating operation, and work as a knife grinder. Saw filers reported about twice the rate of phlegm production and wheeze and about three times the rate of cough, phlegm, and wheeze related to work, respectively. A total of 35 saw filers had a greater than 5% drop in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) over the shift on at least 1 day, and a greater than 5% average change was noted in 12 workers. Average cobalt exposures were 5 micrograms/cubic meter which is well below the current workplace limit for cobalt (100 micrograms/cubic meter in the local jurisdiction). KEYWORDS: DCN-225790 Metal dusts Dust inhalation

Lumber industry workers Abrasive grinding Metallic dusts Occupational exposure Hard metals Dust exposure Sawmill workers CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 CODEN: OEMEEM ENTRY MONTH: 199511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00225841 151 TITLE: Engineering and Work Practice Controls in the Tungsten Carbide Tooling Industry to Control Airborne Cobalt Dust Exposure AUTHORS: Fairfax R 19Ed SOURCE: Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vol. 9, No. 2, pages 106-108, 5 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: Cobalt (7440484) (Co) dust exposures in a tungsten-carbide tool manufacturer in New Hampshire were reduced by engineering and work practice controls. The tungsten-carbide stock being ground and milled contained 6 to 10% CO. During an OSHA visit in 1990, it was found that the wet grinding operations had little or no ventilation supplied to the machines, and Co contaminated water leaked to the floor where it evaporated. Shop cloths used to wipe machinery were shaken out in the same area, employees ate and drank at work stations, and wore no protective clothing. Personal air sampling was conducted during a normal 8 hour shift. Grinding operations were air sampled and wipe samples were taken at work stations. Results showed that the highest exposures were during the wet grinding process, and during dry sweeping and manual change of ventilation filters. Wipes showed that workers were consuming food in areas highly contaminated with Co. The company introduced work practice controls (no food consumption in work areas, machine clean up limited to wet wipes, leakage controls, and high efficiency vacuum for floor clean up), and engineering controls (new ventilator system, with efficiency monitoring, and filter clean up and replacements). After a year, the Co exposures were reduced to levels below the current permissible exposure level of 0.1mg/m3 or the 0.05mg/m3 threshold limit value. KEYWORDS:

DCN-218765 Air sampling Airborne dusts Cobalt compounds Hard metals Work practices Occupational exposure Dust control Dust exposure Ventilation systems Maintenance workers Toolmaking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: AOEHE9 ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00219148 152 TITLE: The Determination of Metals (Antimony, Bismuth, Lead, Cadmium, Mercury, Palladium, Platinum, Tellurium, Thallium, Tin and Tungsten) in Urine Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry AUTHORS: Schramel P Wendler I Angerer J SOURCE: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Vol. 69, No. 3, pages 219-223, 15 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: An analytical method for determination of metals in urine samples was described. Metals included antimony (7440360), bismuth (7440699), lead (7439921), cadmium (7440439), mercury (7439976), palladium (7440053), platinum (7440064), tellurium (13494809), thallium (7440280), tin (7440315), and tungsten (7440337). The method used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and was designed to provide enough sensitivity to measure levels resulting from environmental exposures. Urine samples were collected from 14 nonsmoking subjects (seven male, seven female) between the ages of 21 and 56 years. The standard addition method was used for calibration. Precision was evaluated by measuring a pooled urine sample ten times, and accuracy was evaluated by recovery tests following addition of standards. Nine of the eleven metals tested (antimony, lead, cadmium, mercury, palladium, tellurium, thallium, tin, and tungsten) were detected in urine. Detection limits using ICPMS were lower than detection levels by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) by one to two orders of magnitude, and were in the range of 5 to 50 nanogram/liter. With AAS, detection limits are between 0.1 and 1

milligram/liter, levels which are higher than urinary levels of several of the metals in the absence of occupational exposure. The authors conclude that ICPMS offers several advantages in metal analysis, including the ability to determine levels in subjects with only background environmental exposure, and the ability to analyze several elements in a single run. KEYWORDS: DCN-239554 Analytical methods Analytical chemistry Mass spectrometry Environmental exposure Trace metals Heavy metals Humans Atomic absorption spectrometry Urinalysis Mass spectrometry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-36-0 7440-36-0 7440-69-9 7439-92-1 7440-43-9 7439-97-6 7440-05-3 7440-06-4 13494-80-9 7440-28-0 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 CODEN: IAEHDW ENTRY MONTH: 199808 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00239128 153 TITLE: Mercury Control Technology Assessment Study, GTE Products Corporation, Chemical and Metallurgical Division, Towanda, Pennsylvania, Preliminary Survey Report for the Site Visit of June 9, 1981, Report No. CT-109-14a AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Enviro Control Division, Dynamac Corporation, Rockville, Maryland, Report No. CT-109-14a, Contract No. 210-81-7107, 18 pages, 19821982 ABSTRACT: A visit was made to GTE Products Corporation, Chemical and Metallurgical Division, Towanda, Pennsylvania to evaluate mercury (7439976) control

methods. The company manufactured chemical, metal, and ceramic products; tungsten bar pressing and treating required the use of mercury. Ten workers had potential mercury exposure during this typical tungsten sintering activity. Mercury was used as a continuous electrical contact in the sintering process and was contained in pools called mercury cups. Each sintering unit was located in a ventilated enclosure. The density of completed bars was determined by immersing them in a pool of mercury and weighing the displaced mercury. When the bar was removed from the pool, mercury was brushed off into a tray of water. The ventilation system, air supply and air exhaust systems were described. Personal protective equipment included sheepskin gloves, Tyvek disposable smocks, and air line respirators. Work practices were delineated. Biological monitoring included monthly urinalysis for mercury. Workers with urine mercury level exceeding 0.10 milligrams/liter were removed to another area of the facility. Air contaminant monitoring was not routinely performed at this site. The authors conclude that existing control strategies associated with the manufacture of tungsten rods may be effective in controlling exposures to mercury. It is recommended that the facility adopt a regular air monitoring program to determine levels of mercury in ambient air. KEYWORDS: DCN-172350 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Survey Field Study Region 3 CT 109 14a NIOSH Contract Contract 210 81 7107 Mercury vapors Metallurgical processes Heavy metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-97-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00183562 154 TITLE: In Vitro Toxicity of Cobalt and Hard Metal Dust in Rat and Human Type II Pneumocytes AUTHORS: Roesems G Hoet PHM Demedts M Nemery B SOURCE: Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 81, No. 2, pages 74-80, 23 references, 1997

ABSTRACT: The toxic effects of cobalt (7440484) (Co) and hard metal dusts on alveolar type II pneumocytes (AT) were examined and compared with the effects on alveolar macrophages as part of a study of the role of cobalt in the occurrence of lung fibrosis. AT/II and alveolar macrophages were isolated from male Wistar-rats and humans undergoing lobectomy. The cells were cultured and incubated with crystalline-silica (7631869) (DQ12), Co, tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC), a cobalt/tungsten-carbide mixture (Co/WC), or a reconstituted mixture of cobalt plus tungsten-carbide (Co+WC) for 18 hours. The test concentrations varied from 0.118 to 1,180 micrograms per 10(5) cells (microg/10(5)cells). Cell toxicity was assessed through the spectrophotometric measurement of lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) release. In a validation experiment, Co, Co/WC, and Co+WC caused marked inhibition of LDH activity in culture medium in the absence of cells. Therefore, all subsequent measurements of LDH activity accounted for the inhibition of LDH by Co. In preliminary experiments, neither the presence of fetal calf serum nor the size of the well plates influenced the toxic effects of Co on AT/II or alveolar macrophages. In the toxicity experiments, the dust concentrations which induced 50% cell death (TD50) in rat AT/II were 672microg/10(5)cells for Co, 4,468microg/10(5)cells for WC, and 726microg/10(5)cells for DQ12. The TD50 values based on Co concentrations were 672microg/10(5)cells for Co, 101microg/10(5)cells for Co/WC, and 180microg/10(5)cells for Co+WC. In rat alveolar macrophages, the TD50 values based on dust concentrations equaled 18microg/10(5)cells for Co, 591microg/10(5)cells for WC, and 35microg/10(5)cells for DQ12. The TD50 values based on Co concentrations were 18microg/10(5)cells for Co, 5microg/10(5)cells for Co/WC, and 12microg/10(5)cells for Co+WC. Human AT/II incubated with Co and Co containing dusts showed no signs of toxicity. The authors conclude that rat AT/II are less susceptible to the toxic effects of Co and Co containing dusts than rat alveolar macrophages. Co and WC exert synergistic, toxic effects in alveolar macrophages and AT/II. Human AT/II exhibit no sensitivity to Co./COMPLICATIONS KEYWORDS: DCN-240514 Toxic dose Cytotoxins Cobalt compounds Alveolar cells Metal dusts Cytotoxicity Dust exposure Enzyme activity Hard metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7631-86-9 12070-12-1 CODEN: PHTOEH ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00240088 155 TITLE: CHEMISTRY OF NH=NR PREPARED FROM TRANSITION METALS AUTHORS: HILLHOUSE GL AUTHOR ADDRESS: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 5735 SOUTH ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ Monosubstituted diazenes (NH=NR) are thought to be ubiquitous reactive metabolites responsible (as alkylating agents) for the carcinogenic activity often found in molecules containing the diazo (N-N) functionality. Diimide (NH=NH) and NH=NR species are often invoked as intermediates in a number of important organic reactions (e.g., oxidations of arylhydrazines, Wolff-Kishner reductions, reductive deaminations), but although trans-NH=NR molecules are known, no examples of the cis isomers have been previously detected. This is significant because a trans - > cis isomerization is generally regarded as a key feature in their reaction chemistries. We have developed and recently reported the first method for the clean, stereoselective generation of monosubstituted cis-aryldiazenes (cis-NH=NR). Our technique involves the low-temperature (-5 oC) displacement (by using bromide ions) of the coordinated cis-diazene ligands from easily prepared cationic tungsten complexes, which in turn are prepared by an insertion reaction of aryldiazonium ions into a tungsten hydride bond. A variety of substituted derivatives, including those containing extensive isotopic labels (2H, 15N), can be straightforwardly prepared, thus this unique system is well suited to detailed synthetic, physical, and mechanistic studies of the properties and reactivity modes of these important molecules. The chemistry proposed herein details our plans to: (1) explore the scope of this synthetic method, (2) study the physical properties of this heretofore inaccessible class of molecules, (3) investigate their reaction chemistry, and (4) address fundamental mechanistic details of the nitrogen extrusion and group-transfer (alkylations and arylations) reactions of these molecules. KEYWORDS: alkene alkylating agent alkyne amination diazo compound hydrazine diene cis trans isomerization chemical structure function imide ligand tungsten chemical carcinogen CRISP

RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: ILLINOIS ENTRY MONTH: 199403 ZIP CODE: 60637 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/94/GM41650-03 AWARD TYPE: G 156 TITLE: Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Nonferrous Metals Manufacturing Point Source Category. Volume 6. Primary Tungsten, Secondary Tungsten and Cobalt, Primary Molybdenum and Rhenium, Secondary Molybdenum and Vanadium. AUTHORS: Anon AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Industrial Technology Div. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 11, 1990 ABSTRACT: TD3: Contents: Subcategory profile; Subcategorization; Water use and wastewater characteristics; Selection of pollutant parameters; Control and treatment technologies; Costs, energy, and nonwater quality aspects; Best practicable technology currently available, best available technology economically; New source performance standards; Pretreatment standards; Best conventional pollutant control technology. Final rept. See also PB87-121752 and Volume 5, PB90-182007 and Volume 7, PB90-182023. KEYWORDS: Water pollution control Tungsten Cobalt Molybdenum

Rhenium Vanadium Best technology New source performance standards Water pollution standards Clean Water Act of 1977 Nonferrous metals Pretreatment(Water) ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB90-182015, Also available in set of 10 reports PC E99/MF E99, PB90-181959., 649p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A99/MF A04 ENTRY MONTH: 199008 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB90-182015 157 TITLE: Biological monitoring of urinary cobalt - Occupational medical interest of monitoring exposure to cemented metal carbides AUTHORS: Pellet F Perdrix A Vincent M Mallion JM SOURCE: Archives des maladies professionnelles 1984, Vol.45, No.2, p.81-85. Illus. 9 ref. ABSTRACT: Correlations were sought between urinary cobalt concentrations and exposure to cemented tungsten carbide containing known amounts of cobalt (2 to 20%). A review of cobalt metabolism is followed by a description of the monitoring protocols applied to subjects in 3 shops (powder preparation, pre-sintering, sintering): cobalt determination in 24-hour Sunday urine and normalisation to creatinine concentration (basal level), daily determination (Monday-Friday) before and after a shift, personal and area dust sampling. The highest cobalturias were found in the powder preparation area, where dust exposure was greatest. Cumulative weekly exposure can be estimated by measuring urinary cobalt on Friday night and comparing the concentration with Sunday (Monday morning) levels. This method is faster and easier than determination of the insoluble tungsten carbide. KEYWORDS: COBALT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE CEMENTED CARBIDES EXPOSURE TESTS

URINE MONITORING DETERMINATION IN URINE DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: fre PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198602 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/85/01372 158 TITLE: Environmental acceptability of high-performance alternatives for depleted uranium penetrators. AUTHORS: Kerley CR Easterly CE Eckerman KF AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 23, 1997 ABSTRACT: TD3: The Army's environmental strategy for investigating material substitution and management is to measure system environmental gains/losses in all phases of the material management life cycle from cradle to grave. This study is the first in a series of new investigations, applying material life cycle concepts, to evaluate whether there are environmental benefits from increasing the use of tungsten as an alternative to depleted uranium (DU) in Kinetic Energy Penetrators (KEPs). Current military armor penetrators use DU and tungsten as base materials. Although DU alloys have provided the highest performance of any high-density alloy deployed against enemy heavy armor, its low-level radioactivity poses a number of environmental risks. These risks include exposures to the military and civilian population from inhalation, ingestion, and injection of particles. Depleted uranium is well known to be chemically toxic (kidney toxicity), and workplace exposure levels are based on its renal toxicity. Waste mat KEYWORDS: Depleted Uranium

Penetrators Tungsten ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE97051265, Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)321-8547; and email at orders ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA., 165p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A09/MF A02 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE97051265 159 TITLE: Comparative evaluation of the in vitro micronucleus test and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay for the detection of DNA damaging agents: Genotoxic effects of cobalt powder, tungsten carbide and cobalt-tungsten carbide. AUTHORS: VAN GOETHEM F LISON D KIRSCH-VOLDERS M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lab. Antropogenetics, Fac. Sci., Free Univ. Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: MUTATION RESEARCH; 392 (1-2). 1997. 31-43. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Although it is well known that micronuclei may arise from either DNA breakage leading to acentric chromosome fragments or from chromosome/chromatid tagging in anaphase, the ratio between the amount of DNA breakage induced and the frequency of micronuclei expressed in the following interphase is unclear. With the development of the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay, which measures single strand and/or double strand breaks in a cell by cell approach, it is now possible to address this question at the cellular level. We therefore compared the genotoxic potential of pure cobalt powder (Co) and a cobalt-containing alloy, cobalt-tungsten carbide (WC-Co), involved in specific lung disorders, in parallel with the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay (comet assay) and the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (MN) test, both carried out in vitro on isolated human leukocytes. The comet assay indicated that the WC-Co mixture produced a higher level of DNA

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY GENETICS CYTOGENETICS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-General Genetics and Cytogenetics-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 60674-89-7 60674-89-7 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUREA ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/27658 160 TITLE: Catalytic Purification of Car Exhausts with a Catalyst Modified with Regard to Influence of Methanol and Its Oxidation Products. AUTHORS: Schoeoen NH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Styrelsen foer Teknisk Utveckling, Stockholm (Sweden). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 11, 1990 ABSTRACT: TD3: The aim of the project was to study which catalytic materials that could be employed in exhaust gas purification for vehicles operated on methanol containing fuels. Platinum is of course active but the oxidation of formaldehyde is strongly restrained by the presence of carbon monoxide. Several basic metal oxides show good catalytic activity and also tungsten carbide. In the case of the latter the activity is initially good but it decreases relatively quick. The nobel metal properties of tungsten carbide implies that this catalyst would possess better properties as a three-way catalyst. To obtain a realistic conception of a possible application in

exhaust gas connection, all studies were done at the space velocity 35000/h, i.e. a contact time of c. 0.1 seconds. A literature survey is presented separately in appendix. In Swedish. KEYWORDS: Flue Gas Methanol Tungsten Carbides Pollution Abatement Foreign technology Air pollution control ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE90728331, U.S. Sales Only. Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products., 73p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199008 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE90728331 161 TITLE: Determination of tungsten in bulk drug substance and intermediates by ICP-AES and ICP-MS AUTHORS: Wang T Ge Z Wu J Li B Liang AS AUTHOR ADDRESS: Analytical Res. Dept., Merck Res. Lab., P.O. Box 2000, RY80L-115, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA SOURCE: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.; VOL 19 ISS 6 1999, P937-943, (REF 16) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The development and validation of a rapid and sensitive method for the determination of tungsten in bulk drug substance and intermediates using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are reported. KEYWORDS: Tungsten spectrometry contamination Spectrometry Spectrometry

Manufacturing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0731-7085 CODEN: JPBAD ENTRY MONTH: 200007 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 14/1 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/00/1195385 162 TITLE: On-line coupling of electrochemical preconcentration in tungsten coil electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of lead in natural waters. AUTHORS: BARBOSA F JR KRUG FJ LIMA EC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. SOURCE: SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY; 54 (8). 1999. 1155-1166. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A flow injection system was coupled to a tungsten coil electrothermal atomizer (150 W) for on-line separation and preconcentration of lead based on its electrochemical reduction on the atomizer surface. The electrochemical cell is built up inside the furnace by using a Pt flow-through anode and the atomizer itself as the flow-through cathode. The manifold and the tungsten coil power supply were controlled by a computer running a program written in Visual Basic, which was utilized in synchronism ion for a sample flowing at 1.0 ml min-1. The method detection limit was 0.2 mug l-1 Pb and theR.S.D. < 5% (n = 10 for 5 mug l-1 Pb). Up to 2% m/v NaCl or KCl and 5% m/v CaCl2, or MgCl2 did not interfere on the separation and atomization of 5 mug l-1 Pb. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): COMPUTER SYSTEMS BIOLOGY DOCUMENTATION

INFORMATION SYSTEMS BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Information Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Toxicology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SAASB ENTRY MONTH: 199911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/23031 163 TITLE: Determination Of Cobalt In Samples Containing Cobalt And Tungsten Carbide By Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AUTHORS: Firriolo JM Kutzman RS SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 46, No. 9, pages 476-480, 14 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: An electronic atomic absorption (AA) spectrometric method for determining cobalt (7440484) in tungsten-carbide (12070132) cobalt (WCo) alloys was developed. Spiked samples containing 0 to 100 percent cobalt on filter paper were placed in tubes and 4 milliliters (ml) aqua-regia was added. After 30 minutes, the solution was heated to 150 degrees-C and the solution was reduced to 0.5ml. Nitric-acid was added. The heating was continued and the solution evaporated to 1.54ml. After cooling, the solution was vacuum filtered, and the filtrate was diluted to 10ml with 1 percent nitric-acid. Samples were injected by an auto sampling solution into AA spectrometry operated at 240.7 nanometers (nm) with a 0.2nm slit width. Samples were dried for 20 seconds at 150 degrees prior to charring and atomization. A sample preparation using hydrofluoric-acid dissolution was employed as a comparison. The method was evaluated by using samples of WC/Co containing 7.88 and 11.89 percent cobalt. The starting material

and the filtered residue were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray analysis. Cobalt recovery was reduced at increased tungsten concentrations. When the sample cobalt concentration was 4 percent or greater, 95 to 100 percent of the cobalt was accounted for. For the aqua-regia method, 7.95 and 11.90 percent cobalt were found in samples as compared to 8.18 and 12.19 percent found with hydrofluoric-acid dissolution. There was no cobalt in the filtered residue. The authors conclude that the method for determining the amount of cobalt in WC/Co is reliable and avoids using highly caustic hydrofluoric-acid. KEYWORDS: DCN-140199 Metal industry Hygiene Analytical methods Electronic equipment Monitors Analytical instruments Laboratory equipment Chemical composition Monitoring systems Laboratory techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-13-2 CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00128389 164 TITLE: The Effect of Tungstate Ingestion on Xanthine Oxidase in Milk and Liver AUTHORS: Owen EC Proudfoot R SOURCE: British Journal of Nutrition and the Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, Vol. 22, pages 331-340, 40 references, 19681968 ABSTRACT: The effect of tungstate ingestion on xanthine-oxidase (9002179) in milk and liver was studied. The ingestion of up to 6 grams sodium-tungstate (13472452) by goats diminished the amount of xanthine-oxidase secreted in their milk even to the extent that the enzyme was undetectable in some samples. The concentration of riboflavine (83885) in the milk was not affected. The ingestion of sodium-tungstate by young goats for a period of 3 to 5 months diminished the amount of xanthine-oxidase in their livers. Doses of sodium-tungstate (the only tungsten (7440337) compound

discussed) up to 20 grams were given in early lactation to two cows with the result that the titer of xanthine-oxidase in the milk was diminished with no effect on the yield. Much later in lactation, the milk phosphatase of the cows was poorly correlated with milk xanthine-oxidase. Reasons for this finding are discussed. Under anaerobic conditions, with xanthine as substrate and triphenyl-tetrazolium-chloride as hydrogen acceptor, neither sodium-molybdate (7631950) not tungstate affected the xanthine-oxidase activity of cow or goat milk in-vitro. Molybdate in-vitro did not enhance the very low titer of human milk. KEYWORDS: DCN-178825 Cemented tungsten carbide Enzyme activity Amino acids Blood chemicals Tungsten Vitamins Metabolism Secretion CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 9002-17-9 9002-17-9 13472-45-2 83-88-5 7440-33-7 7631-95-0 CODEN: BJNUAV ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074881 165 TITLE: Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in a Hard Metal Coating Worker Undergoing Hemodialysis AUTHORS: Rochat T Kaelin RM Batawi A Junod AF SOURCE: European Journal of Respiratory Diseases, Vol. 71, No. 1, pages 46-51, 9 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: A case of hard metal induced interstitial lung disease complicated by hemodialysis was reported. A 49 year old metal worker who was exposed to tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326), and cobalt (7440484) particles, presented with persistent cough and mild shortness of breath. X-rays

showed mild infiltrates. Administration of antibiotics was ineffective. The patient had renal failure resulting from congenital bilateral renal segmental hypoplasia associated with megaureters. The following year, symptomatology had increased and chest x-rays showed diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates that were more pronounced than previously. Blood urea was 32.6 millimoles/liter. Pulmonary function tests showed a restrictive ventilatory defect and widening of the alveolar/arterial gradient for oxygen during exercise. Biopsy indicated interstitial lung disease from hard metal exposure. Prednisone was prescribed and azathioprine was added later but withdrawn when no improvement was seen. In July 1983, hemodialysis was begun using a new cuprophane membrane for each session. The patient was admitted in January 1985 with fever, cough, and increasing shortness of breath. X-rays showed infiltrate progression. Treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics was ineffective, and the patient died of respiratory failure. Biopsy revealed thickening of alveolar septa with proliferation of fibroblasts and infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils. Birefringent crystals within alveolar septa were identified as tungsten and titanium by x-ray diffraction. Autopsy showed highly fibrotic lungs. Aspergillus-fumigatus was found in a large abscess of the left upper lobe. The authors suggest that the rapid and fatal progression was due to cobalt, which is highly soluble in tissues. Defective renal function might have contributed due to a decreased ability to eliminate cobalt. A key factor may have been complement activation and pulmonary leukostasis induced by hemodialysis. The authors emphasize the possible side effects of hemodialysis in patients with interstitial lung disease. KEYWORDS: DCN-160720 Metal dusts Hard metal disease Lung irritants Case studies Lung fibrosis Kidney disorders Occupational hazards Worker health Medical treatment Histopathology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-48-4 CODEN: EJRDD2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00171897 166 TITLE: Pulmonary Changes in Sintered Hard Metal Workers

AUTHORS: Moschinski G Jurisch A Reinl W SOURCE: Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene, Vol. 16, pages 697-720, 26 references, 19591959 ABSTRACT: Clinical and radiological evaluation of 300 workers employed at 4 facilities for the sintering of hard metals revealed the presence of incipient pulmonary fibrosis in 20, while 38 had mild and 1 had severe forms of the disease. A high incidence of bronchitis was also recorded. Dust measurements revealed that only workers exposed to the preliminary sintering operations were at risk. Workers exposed to similar powders in some other plants, specifically titanium-oxide (1309633), cobalt-oxide, tungsten (7440337), and tungstic-acid (7783031), were also studied. Slight alterations of the respiratory system indicative of pulmonary insufflation, were recorded only at one titanium-oxide plant. A definite relationship between exposure and respiratory pathology could not be established. (German; English translation available) KEYWORDS: DCN-178843 TRANS Tungsten Refractory metals Transition metals Respiratory system disorders Air quality Pneumoconiosis Lung fibrosis Chronic bronchitis Metallic dusts Air contamination Powder metallurgy Cemented tungsten carbide CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1309-63-3 1309-63-3 7440-33-7 7783-03-1 CODEN: AGGHAR ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1959 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074902 167 TITLE: The Effect of Inhaled Sulfur Dioxide and Systemic Sulfite on the Induction

of Lung Carcinoma in Rats by Benzo(a)pyrene AUTHORS: Gunnison AF Sellakumar A Snyder EA Currie D SOURCE: Environmental Research, Vol. 46, No. 1, pages 59-73, 11 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: The effect of sulfur-dioxide (7446095) and systemic sulfite (14265453) on induction of lung cancer by benzo(a)pyrene (50328) (BaP) was studied in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley-rats were exposed to a suspension containing 0 or 0.5 percent BaP by intratracheal instillation weekly for 15 weeks and to 0, 10, 20, or 30 parts per million (ppm) sulfur-dioxide or to systemic sulfite by providing a drinking solution containing 0, 100, or 400ppm tungsten (7440337) plus 0 or 40ppm sodium-molybdate (7631950). The tungsten and molybdate treatments induced a sulfite-oxidase deficiency which allowed sulfite and bisulfite ions to accumulate in the body. The rats were maintained for observation and mortality was recorded. All animals were necropsied with particular attention given to the respiratory tract. Rats given BaP began dying from lung tumors approximately 200 days after the first dose. Nearly all BaP treated rats were dead 2 years after the first dose. Survival of rats exposed to sulfur-dioxide or with induced sulfite-oxidase deficiency was not significantly different from that of controls. Most BaP treated rats developed squamous cell carcinomas located primarily in the lower respiratory tract. A few tumors invaded the pulmonary vein and occasionally metastasized to lymph nodes and kidneys. A few rats developed bronchial squamous papillomas and lung adenomas. Mortality from pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma was not significantly affected by sulfur-dioxide or systemic sulfite. A slight nonsignificant increase in mammary tumors was seen in rats given 100 or 400ppm tungsten. The authors conclude that the results do not support a cocarcinogenesis role for inhaled sulfur-dioxide or systemic sulfite in induction of lung cancer by BaP. KEYWORDS: DCN-169952 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Sulfur oxides In vivo studies Laboratory animals Carcinogenesis Lung cancer Enzyme activity Benzopyrenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7446-09-5 7446-09-5 14265-45-3 50-32-8 7440-33-7 7631-95-0 CODEN: ENVRAL

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00181170 168 TITLE: Ultraviolet Irradiance Levels in Welding Processes AUTHORS: Cox CWJ SOURCE: Human Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation. Risks and Regulations, W. F. Passchier and B. F. M. Bosnjakovic, Editors; Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, International Congress Series 744, pages 383-386, 4 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: The levels of ultraviolet radiation emitted from shielded metal arc welding, tungsten inert gas welding, metal inert gas welding, and metal active gas welding were presented in relation to the development of guidelines for safe welding practice. Measurements were made using semiautomatic welding units for metal inert gas and metal active gas welding and using manual units for shielded metal arc and tungsten inert gas welding. Radiation levels were determined by a scanning spectroradiometer at 1 meter from the arc, and the effective irradiance and the ultraviolet-A irradiance were determined from the measured spectral irradiance. The irradiance at 1 meter from the arc varied as a function of the square of the arc current, and both the irradiance and the spectral distribution of the different welding processes were dependent on the type of base and filler metals and the shielding gas employed. High effective irradiance levels and ultraviolet-A irradiances were determined for the metal inert gas welding of stainless steel and aluminum alloys using spray transfer. High effective irradiance levels were also found for the tungsten inert gas welding of stainless steel using helium as the shielding gas. The results were compared to occupational exposure limits for ultraviolet radiation as defined by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists and the Dutch Health Council. KEYWORDS: DCN-171812 Metalworking industry Occupational exposure Radiation exposure Nonionizing radiation Radiation measurement Industrial hazards Ultraviolet radiation Arc welding Welders ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00183068 169 TITLE: Some Problems of Experimental Study of the Toxic Effect of Tungsten-Nickle Catalysts AUTHORS: Kiriy VG SOURCE: Nauchnye Trudy-Irkutskogo Meditsinskata Instituta, Vol. 115, pages 30-32, 19721972 ABSTRACT: The toxicity of tungsten (7440337) and nickel (7440020) catalyst dust on laboratory animals was investigated. Animals were treated by single or repeated intragastric, intratracheal or inhalation exposure. After poisoning, the animals became almost immobile, did not eat, and had ruffled fur. Survivors developed cyanosis of the mucosa, and plethora of internal organs. The lungs had acute bronchitis with acute interstitial pneumonia and the liver and kidney showed dystrophic changes. A 30 milligram (mg) dose caused death within 1 day. Some animals poisoned with 10 and 20mg of the dust were killed after 6 months, and others were killed after 12 months. Bronchial pneumonia, interstitial pneumonia, emphysema and pneumosclerosis occurred. Peribronchial and perivascular-sclerosis developed in animals that were killed after 12 months. The liver and kidneys dystrophied. At an inhalation concentration of 55 miligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) for 5 hours per day, 5 days per week for 4 months, there was a reduction in body weight, an increase in erythrocytes and leukocytes, an increase in cholinesterase activity, an increase in the content of blood serum protein, development of chronic bronchitis, interstitial pneumonia, emphysema, pneumosclerosis in the lungs and dystrophic changes in the parenchymatous organs. Concentrations of 4 and 2mg/m3 caused slight changes which normalized at the end of 4 months or during the month following the end of poisoning. Results of intragastric poisoning were not reported. The author concludes that a dust concentration of 2mg/m3 can be considered the threshold dose for chronic inhalation. (Bulgarian). KEYWORDS: DCN-182909 TRANS Metals Dusts Laboratory animals Poisoning Histology Biochemistry Lung disorders Organs Blood cells Hematology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-02-0

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00101990 170 TITLE: Amine Extraction-Spectrographic Determination Of Tantalum, Titanium, Tungsten, And Zirconium In Plutonium AUTHORS: Ko R SOURCE: Hanford Atomic Products Operation, Richland, Washington, Report No. HW-83072, 13 pages, 9 references, 19641964 ABSTRACT: A method was described for the analysis of tantalum (7440257), titanium (7440326), tungsten (7440337), and zirconium (7440677) in plutonium (7440075). The samples were mixed in hydrochloric-acid to dissolve the plutonium, then immediately extracted using tri-n-octylamine to remove the plutonium. Hydrofluoric-acid was added to dissolve impurities in the aqueous phase. The solution was evaporated, then washed twice with xylene. The final residue was dissolved in hydrofluoric-acid and analyzed by graphite spark excitation using niobium as the internal standard. The extraction efficiency was 99 percent or higher. Plutonium extraction decreased in the presence of fluoride (16984488), but was not affected by the presence of chloride (16887006). Recovery of added insoluble oxide impurities ranged from about 96 to 104 percent. The detection limits were 5 parts per million (ppm) for titanium and zirconium, and 50ppm for tantalum and tungsten. The average relative standard deviation was 7 percent. The author concludes that this is a simple and effective procedure for removing plutonium from test samples, and provides excellent sample recovery and sensitivity. KEYWORDS: DCN-122851 Analytical methods Physical chemistry Analytical chemistry Trace analysis Physical properties Chemical properties Chemical analysis Metals Metal compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-25-7 7440-25-7 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-67-7 7440-07-5

16984-48-8 16887-00-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1964 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00133922 171 TITLE: Analytical Data for Reconnaissance Geochemical Samples from Mine Dumps, Stream Sediments, and Waters at the Thompson Creek Tungsten Mine, Custer County, Idaho. AUTHORS: VanGosen BS Eppinger RG Hammarstrom JM Briggs PH Crock JG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Geological Survey, Denver, CO. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 22, 2002 ABSTRACT: Open-File rept. The Thompson Creek mine is an inactive and abandoned tungsten mine located along Thompson Creek about 10.5 miles (17 km) northwest of Clayton, Idaho. The mine consisted initially of open pit mining of outcrops and later of underground workings accessed by a single adit. The mine was worked through 1955 and waste piles presently reside in the flood plain above the east bank of Thompson Creek. On August 13, 1999, personnel of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected four composite samples of the dump material, two stream sediments, and three samples of waters; samples include waters draining from the mine property and waters and sediments from Thompson Creek above and below the mine site. The U.S. Forest Service is currently (2000) considering reclamation of this property. At the request of the U.S. Forest Service, the USGS provided geochemical analyses in this data release for consideration in their reclamation plan. The analytical data are presented in tables in this report. It must be emphasized that when collected the samples described in this report were considered reconnaissance in nature, collected as part of a regional characterization and sampling of a variety of mineral deposit types that occur in east-central Idaho. The methodology used and data provided in this report are not intended to represent a complete characterization of the site and do not follow Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) protocol for Site Investigations. KEYWORDS: Sampling *Abandoned sites *Mines(Excavations) Idaho

Geochemistry Chemical analysis Tungsten Land reclamation Reforestation Leaching Water pollution Mine acid drainage Clayton(Idaho) Thompson Creek mine ORDER NUMBER: 32p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 200210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2000 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB2002-108107 172 TITLE: Measurements of Air Concentrations of Thorium during Grinding and Welding Operations using Thoriated Tungsten Electrodes AUTHORS: Crim EM Bradley TD SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 68, No. 5, pages 719-722, 8 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: An attempt was made to assess the airborne concentration of thorium (7440291) during grinding and welding operations with thoriated tungsten electrodes. Air samples and personal breathing zone samples were collected for welders during grinding of thoriated tungsten electrodes, and air samples were collected from locations during welding procedures. Two types of grinders were used in the electrode grinding process: a bench ball bearing grinder and a motorized belt grinder. The electrodes analyzed contained 2% thorium-oxide (1314201) and were 2.4 or 3.9 millimeters in diameter. The presence of removable surface contamination was determined by wipe test samples. The measurements taken during grinding operations for personal and air samples were generally below the derived air concentration for thorium-232 of 0.04 becquerels/cubic meter. Exceptions were observed in one area air sample and in one personal air sample, both of which were linked with the ball bearing bench grinder. The authors conclude that the use of the motorized belt grinder is preferable to the bench grinder.

KEYWORDS: DCN-226064 Workplace studies Radiation exposure Airborne particles Exposure levels Air sampling Breathing zone Grinding equipment Occupational exposure Welding equipment CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 7440-29-1 1314-20-1 CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00226133 173 TITLE: Phase 1. Initial Screening Studies. Study Of Fuel Additives For Enhancement Of Flight Safety AUTHORS: Field AL Jr SOURCE: Astronuclear Laboratory, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Contract No. WANL-TNR-114, 102 pages, 16 references, 19631963 ABSTRACT: Additives that enhance reentry burn up of nuclear reactor fragments from satellites were examined. Mechanical properties and oxidation rates of 17 additives were studied. The additives included carbides, borides, nitrides, and silicides of tungsten (7440337), molybdenum (7439987), niobium (7440031), vanadium (7440622), zirconium (7440677), titanium (7440326), tantalum (7440257), and rhenium (7440155). The additives were incorporated into graphite (7782425) matrix materials at concentrations of 1 or 5 weight percent using standard fuel element production methods. Mechanical property tests consisted of tensile and flexural strength measurements conducted from room temperature to 4000 degrees-F in vacuo or in an argon atmosphere. The oxidation tests were carried out at 2200 degrees in a specially designed flow system that simulated a high altitude reentry trajectory. All additives increased the mechanical strength of the core material over a portion of the temperature range. Molybdenum-carbide (12627575) and rhenium increased the mechanical strength over the complete range. All additives significantly increased oxidation rates. Tungsten-carbide (11130737), molybdenum-carbide,

vanadium-carbide (11130215), and rhenium doubled the oxidation rate. KEYWORDS: DCN-123247 Safety research Laboratory testing Analytical methods Quantitative analysis Chemical properties Chemical analysis Aerospace industry Physical properties Testing equipment CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7440-03-1 7440-62-2 7440-67-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-15-5 7782-42-5 12627-57-5 11130-73-7 11130-21-5 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1963 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135357 174 TITLE: Evaluation of Pulmonary Reactions in Hard Metal Workers AUTHORS: Chiappino G Tomasini M Rivolta G Forni A Sabbioni E Pieta R SOURCE: Proceedings of the VIIth International Pneumoconioses Conference, Part I. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, August 23-26, 1988. NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 90-108, Part I, pages 255-258, 10, 1990 references ABSTRACT: A study of pulmonary reactions to inhaled metallic dusts in hard metal

workers was conducted. The study group consisted of 26 workers (25 males), mean age 32.9 years, engaged in manufacturing hard metal tools (group-A) and five males, 21 to 26 years old, engaged in grinding hard metal tools using high speed diamond/cobalt wheels with oily coolants (group-B). The subjects were given physical examinations that included chest X-rays, lung function tests, patch testing with cobalt (7440484) and tungsten (7440337), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). BAL fluid cytology was determined. Samples of BAL fluid, blood, urine, toenails, and pubic hair were analyzed for cobalt, tungsten, and tantalum (7440257). Information on personal and occupational histories was obtained. The mean years of exposure of group-A and group-B were 10.4 and 5 years, respectively. Eighteen group-A and four group-B subjects were smokers. Two group-A subjects had a history of work related asthma. Two group-B subjects complained of severe exertional dyspnea and weight loss. All group-A subjects had normal chest X-rays. A slight impairment in pulmonary gas diffusion was the only functional impairment seen. Nine group-A subjects had moderate to large increases in BAL fluid lymphocyte counts. The increase was mainly due to an increase in OKT8+ suppressor cells. The group-B subjects with dyspnea showed diffuse irregular opacities on their chest X-rays and had a significant restrictive ventilatory impairment. Their BAL fluid contained a significant increase in bizarre giant cells, eosinophils, and lymphocytes with inverted OKT48 ratios. One subject had a positive patch test for cobalt. The other three group-B subjects had only a slight increase in BAL fluid lymphocyte counts. The concentrations of cobalt, tungsten, and tantalum in the biological samples from all subjects were highest in those with the longest exposures and not related to symptomatology. The authors conclude that immunological mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in hard metal workers. The more severe pathological changes seen in group-B subjects reflect the higher risk associated with exposure to coolant fluids as well as hard metals. KEYWORDS: DCN-193882 NIOSH Publication Hard metal workers Respiratory system disorders Physiological response Lung cells Chest X rays Clinical symptoms Immune reaction Metallic dusts Cutting oils CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00198438

175 TITLE: The Role of Xanthine Oxidase in Paraquat Intoxication AUTHORS: Kitazawa Y Matsubara M Takeyama N Tanaka T SOURCE: Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vol. 288, No. 1,pages 220-224, 25 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: In in-vitro and in-vivo studies in rats, xanthine-oxidase was shown to contribute to paraquat (1910425) toxicity. It was suggested that xanthine-oxidase inhibitors may protect rats against paraquat toxicity. Paraquat stimulated the reduction of cytochrome-c by xanthine/xanthine-oxidase system in lung homogenates in-vitro. Tungsten feeding inhibited xanthine-oxidase activity in a variety of tissues in experimental animals. Male Wistar-rats were fed either a standard diet or a tungsten enriched diet. In rats fed a tungsten enriched diet for 5 weeks prior to intraperitoneal injection of 50mg/kg paraquat-dichloride (1910425), the mortality decreased significantly compared with rats fed a standard diet. Pretreatment with oxypurinol also ameliorated the paraquat toxicity in rats. The authors conclude that xanthine-oxidase is important in paraquat toxicity and that xanthine-oxidase inhibitors may become antidotes for paraquat intoxication. KEYWORDS: DCN-202337 Agricultural chemicals Laboratory animals Herbicides Chlorides Enzyme activity Toxic effects Nutrition Enzymatic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1910-42-5 1910-42-5 1910-42-5 CODEN: ABBIA4 ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00202481 176 TITLE: New Data On Pneumoconiosis Due To Hard Metal Dust

AUTHORS: Turos E Timar M Vincze E SOURCE: Tuberkulozis es Tudobetegsegek, Vol. 22, pages 100-104, 14 references, 19691969 ABSTRACT: Lung changes caused by exposures to hard metal dusts are reviewed. Hard metals include tungsten (7440337), tantalum (7440257), titanium (7440326), cobalt (7440484), and their carbides and oxides. Radiologic changes in the lungs of workers exposed to tungsten-carbide, titanium-carbide, and cobalt dusts over a 2 year period are described. Irritative changes and moderate pneumoconiosis are reported in a Hungarian study. The irritative effects of heavy metal dusts are: irritation of the bronchial system, parenchymal changes, fibrosis, and simple accumulation. Correlations between the period of exposure, degree of exposure, and radiologic changes are variable. Radiologic changes are seen in the form of a very fine network of intensified bronchovascular markings beginning in the basal and median areas and spreading diffusely, followed by the formation of small spots of less marked nodules in both pulmonary fields. Shadows are more marked in the upper fields, with mild to moderate emphysema and spastic type bronchitis, and reductions in respiratory functions. The significance of the composition of the metal dust is obscure; the total metal dust or only one of its components may be responsible for pulmonary alterations. Pathological and pathohistological studies reveal distinct fibrosis, intraalveolar giant cells, and peribronchial and perivascular proliferation of connective tissues after about 8 years of exposure. Conjunctivitis, skin manifestations, itching, hyperglobulinemia, and positive serum tests are reported among hard metal workers. Results of examinations of 62 cases exposed to hard metal dusts are tabulated. The authors conclude that hard metal dust has a mildly irritating effect that causes moderate respiratory problems and symptoms; however, exposure can produce severe pulmonary fibrosis in some cases. (Hungarian) KEYWORDS: DCN-123531 TRANS Biological effects Toxic effects Dust exposure Physiological response Inhalants Clinical diagnosis Biological factors Dust inhalation Clinical symptoms CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 7440-32-6 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00134931 177 TITLE: Trace Metal Lung Diseases: A New Fatal Case of Hard Metal Pneumoconiosis AUTHORS: Della Torre F Cassani M Segale M Scarpazza G Pietra R Sabbioni E SOURCE: Respiration, Vol. 57, No. 4, pages 248-253, 16 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: A case report of death resulting from hard metal pneumoconiosis was presented. Four hard metal workers were analyzed, of whom only one developed lung disease. The worker was a 37 year old female who had been exposed for 7 years to hard metal dusts via sharpening and grinding operations. Cytologic examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a high number of eosinophils, more than 30% of the cell population. Biopsy of the lung revealed interstitial fibrosis with hyperplasia of the pneumocytes of the second type and inflammatory cellular infiltration of the interstitium. High tungsten (7440337) and tantalum (7440257) concentrations were determined in the admission BAL and in the biopsy 4 months later by neutron activation analysis. Cobalt (7440484) levels were near to normal at biopsy due to the high solubility of cobalt dust in the pulmonary fluid. The content of cobalt and tungsten in blood and urine, and particularly in the pubic hair and toe nails of the patients, was significantly higher than normal values. The authors conclude that biological specimens may be useful as indicators of chronic exposure to hard metal dusts. Neutron activation analysis is of great analytical potential in the study of trace metal lung diseases. KEYWORDS: DCN-203744 Trace metals Occupational exposure Worker health Occupational respiratory disease Hard metal disease Hard metal workers Lung disease Case studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: RESPBD

ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00203893 178 TITLE: Comparative Study of the Acute Lung Toxicity of Pure Cobalt Powder and Cobalt-Tungsten Carbide Mixture in Rat AUTHORS: Lasfargues G Lison D Maldague P Lauwerys R SOURCE: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 112, No. 1, pages 41-50, 33 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: The acute pulmonary effects of a cobalt (7440484) (Co) metal powder, a tungsten-carbide/cobalt mixture, and tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC) were compared. Female Sprague-Dawley-rats received 1.0 milligram Co per 100 grams body weight (mg/100g), the same quantity Co in a 16.67mg/100g WCo mixture, and 15.67mg/100g WC by intratracheal instillation. Two days later, lungs were removed from survivors. A second experiment involved administration of 0.06mg/100g Co, the same amount in a 1.0mg/100g WC/Co mixture, and 1.0mg/100g WC prior to in-situ bronchoalveolar lavage. A third experiment involved administration of 1.0 or 0.03mg/100g Co or 16.67 or 0.50mg/100g WC/Co followed by 24 hour urine collection. Determinations were made regarding lactate dehydrogenase activity, total proteins, rat serum albumin, plasminogen activator activity, Co concentration, and number of live cells. Administration of WC alone was associated with only a mild accumulation of macrophages in the alveolar duct walls. Co alone caused only a moderate inflammatory response, but when combined with WC it produced severe alveolitis and fatal pulmonary edema. Co excretion was significantly higher in animals exposed to the mixture than Co alone, suggesting that Co bioavailability is greater when combined with WC. The authors conclude that the acute lung toxicity of a WC/Co mixture is much higher than that of its components, which explains why lung fibrosis is rarely caused by exposure to pure cobalt. KEYWORDS: DCN-205123 Metal dusts Metal carbides Respiratory system disorders Laboratory animals Alveolar cells Cell damage Lung cells Urinalysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: TXAPA9 ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00205245 179 TITLE: Health hazard of poorly regulated exposure during manufacture of cemented tungsten carbides and cobalt. AUTHORS: AUCHINCLOSS JH ABRAHAM JL GILBERT R LAX M HENNEBERGER PK HEITZMAN ER PEPPI DJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: State Univ. N.Y., Coll. Med., Pulmonary Sect., 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, N.Y. 13210, USA. SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 49 (12). 1992. 832-836. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Forty two of 125 former workers in a factory in Syracuse, New York (USA), which manufactured hard metal parts from tungsten carbide and cobalt, were studied by chest radiographs, spirometry, and plethysmographically determined lung volumes. The plant was closed in 1982 and the studies were performed in 1983-5. Recorded measurements of carbide dust concentrations were only mildly excessive by modern standards, but deceitful efforts to reduce the apparent concentration of dust were known to have occurred during an inspection by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Lung biopsies in four cases in the study and necropsy in one of the 83 cases not studied during life showed giant cell interstitial pneumonia and appreciable concentrations of tungsten carbide. This information indicates that exposure was substantial. Four workers had evidence of pulmonary fibrosis by chest radiographs; two of these workers had normal pulmonary function. Fourteen had abnormal pulmon MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS

MINERALS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/04774 180 TITLE: Risks attributable to the occurrence of tin, silver and tungsten in workplace atmospheres. AUTHORS: GAWEDA E MROCZEK J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Czerniakowska 16, 00-715 Warszawa, Poland. SOURCE: MED PR; 44 (2). 1993. 161-168. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Tin, silver and tungsten constitute serious threat to the health of the employees of Polish industry. As no standard

methods for determination of those metals in the atmospheres of workplaces were available, measurements of their concentrations in the workplace atmospheres were not perfored, and, therefore, determination of the resultant risks to the health of the people exposed to those metals was not possible. A spectrophotometric method of determination has been developed for tin, which is based on the formation of coloured Sn(IV) pyrokatechine complexes in the dilute sulfuric and citric acid medium in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (absorbance determined at lambda = 600 nm). The detectability of the method is 0.5 mg/m3. To ensure the selectivity of the method in the presence of foreign cations and acid anions. Sn should be pre-separated from the disturbing ions by the extraction method. For silver determination, a method using atomic absorption spe MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 LANGUAGE: pol CODEN: MEPAA ENTRY MONTH: 199312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/32522 181

TITLE: Metal Determinations in Biological Specimens of Diseased and Non-diseased Hard Metal Workers AUTHORS: Sabbioni E Minoia C Pietra R Mosconi G Forni A Scansetti G SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 150, Nos. 1-3, pages 41-54, 19 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: Biological monitoring of diseased and nondiseased hard metal workers for metal levels, along with airborne dust determination at hard metal workplaces was performed. A total of 251 subjects, encompassing four different groups of workers from different factories in Northern Italy, and seven individual case reports of diseased subjects were included in the study. Airborne dust, blood, urine, pubic hair, toenails, bronchoalveolar lavage, and transbronchial and open lung biopsies were examined by neutron activation analysis or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results indicated that hard metal disease does not relate to the levels of cobalt (7440484), tungsten (7440337), and tantalum (7440257) in blood, urine, pubic hair or toenails, and should not depend on age, length of work period, sex, dose, or length of exposure. Urinary and blood cobalt levels could represent valuable indicators in discriminating exposed and nonexposed groups, but were poor indicators of exposure for single individuals. The high levels of cobalt in pubic hair and toenails indicated that they could be used as indicators of exposure, but not as quantifiers of the degree of cobalt accumulation. Tungsten and tantalum bronchoalveolar lavage were also useful indicators of exposure. The presence of variable and high levels of metals such as tungsten and tantalum in the biological specimens reflects the widely variable presence of these metals in airborne dusts. The authors conclude that multielement analysis is obligatory in order to understand the complexities of hard metal disease. KEYWORDS: DCN-221443 Hard metal workers Metal workers Occupational exposure Blood analysis Urinalysis Biological monitoring Spectrographic analysis Sputum analysis Disease incidence CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 CODEN: STENDL

ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00221708 182 TITLE: Maintenance of Stellite and Tungsten Carbide Saw Tips: Determinants of Exposure to Cobalt and Chromium AUTHORS: Teschke K Marion SA van Zuylen MJA Kennedy SM SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 56, No. 7, pages 661-669, 32 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: A study was conducted on the exposure of lumber mill saw filers to cobalt (7440484) and chromium (7440473). Personal air samples collected from saw filing workers who used steel, tungsten (7440337), and/or stellite saw tips were analyzed. Cobalt was detected in 62 of 278 measurements with the mean concentration being 9 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3) while chromium, which was detected in 105 samples, had a mean concentration of 4microg/m3. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the variables influencing cobalt exposure were wet and dry carbide grinding. Chromium concentrations were associated with wet grinding of knives made of chromium containing steel as well as with welding of stellite and saw steel. Increases in cobalt and chromium concentrations in grinding machine coolants were seen following machine operation particularly for cobalt in coolants from tungsten-carbide grinding machines and chromium in stellite grinding machines. The authors conclude that airborne exposures to chromium and cobalt are not accurately predicted by the amount of metal in the parent material and that standard exposure control methods such as wet grinding may be insufficient to adequately reduce exposures. KEYWORDS: DCN-228184 Occupational exposure Exposure levels Chromium compounds Cobalt compounds Sawmill workers Industrial hygiene Metal compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7

CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00228101 183 TITLE: The Delayed Lung Responses to Single and Repeated Intratracheal Administration of Pure Cobalt and Hard Metal Powder in the Rat AUTHORS: Lasfargues G Lardot C Delos M Lauwerys R Lison D SOURCE: Environmental Research, Vol. 69, No. 2, pages 108-121, 34 reference, 1995 ABSTRACT: Delayed lung responses to cobalt (7440484) (Co) metal dust, tungsten-carbide (12070121) particles (WC), or a tungsten-carbide/cobalt mixture were studied in rats. Female Sprague-Dawley-rats were intratracheally instilled with saline (controls) or suspension of Co at 0.06, 0.3, or 0.6 milligrams/100 grams (mg/100g); 1, 5, or 10mg/100g WC-Co; 1, 5, or 10mg/100g WC. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed on days one and 28 following instillation. WC and Co significantly increased lactate-dehydrogenase(LDH), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), total protein (TP), and albumin on day 28 relative to day one. The highest dose of WC slightly increased LDH, TP, and albumin on day one compared with controls. The highest dose of Co significantly increased LDH and NAG on day 28 compared with controls. WC-Co significantly increased LDH, NAG, TP, and albumin in a dose response manner on days one and 28 compared with controls. Fibronectin levels, analyzed on days one, seven, and 15, showed a marked increase in WC-Co animals on day one and declined by day 15. WC-Co compared with controls and WC or Co alone, significantly increased total cell numbers, macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes on days one and 28. In a repeated treatment of four intratracheal instillations of 1mg/100g WC-Co at monthly intervals, lung hydroxyproline increased and histopathology revealed evidence of fibrosis, compared with WC or Co given alone for 4 months. The authors conclude that single or repeated intratracheal doses of WC-Co produced delayed lung responses that differed from those produced by Co or WC alone. KEYWORDS: DCN-232665 Laboratory animals Histology Enzyme activity Cobalt compounds Tungsten compounds Lung lesions

Toxic effects Hard metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: ENVRAL ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00232240 184 TITLE: Xanthine Oxidase Mediates Paraquat-Induced Toxicity on Cultured Endothelial Cell AUTHORS: Sakai M Yamagami K Kitazawa Y Takeyama N Tanaka T SOURCE: Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 77, No. 1, pages 36-40, 29 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: The role of xanthine-oxidase (XO) in paraquat (4685147) toxicity was studied in-vitro. Bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells were cultured and incubated with 0 to 0.5 millimolar (mM) paraquat for 24 hours. The effects on cell growth were determined by growing the cultures in fresh paraquat free medium over the next 5 days and monitoring changes in their growth rate. Other cell cultures were incubated with 0.1mM paraquat for 24 hours after being pretreated with tungsten, allopurinol or superoxide-dismutase (SOD), inhibitors of XO activity. The effects on production of superoxide anion, XO and xanthine-dehydrogenase (XDH) activity, and cell viability were determined. Viability was assessed by measuring changes in intracellular lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and fluorescein-diacetate (FDA) staining. Paraquat caused a dose dependent inhibition of cell growth. The dose inhibiting growth by 50% was 0.1mM. Paraquat significantly decreased XDH activity without affecting XDH activity. This effectively increased relative XO activity. Paraquat significantly increased production of superoxide. Tungsten inhibited the paraquat induced increases in relative XO activity without affecting production of superoxide. Allopurinol inhibited the paraquat induced increases in relative XO activity and superoxide anion formation. SOD induced the paraquat induced increases in relative XO activity. Paraquat significantly decreased cell viability, as measured by both LDH leakage and FDA staining. Tungsten and allopurinol, but not SOD, protected against paraquat induced cytotoxicity. The authors conclude that the toxicity of paraquat is due, at least in part, to production of superoxide

anion which is mediated by XO. KEYWORDS: DCN-229503 In vitro studies Mammalian cells Blood vessels Herbicides Enzymatic effects Oxidative processes Free radicals Growth inhibition Dose response Cytotoxic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 4685-14-7 CODEN: PHTOEH ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00229202 185 TITLE: Historical Total and Respirable Silica Dust Exposure Levels in Mines and Pottery Factories in China AUTHORS: Dosemeci M McLaughlin JK Chen J-Q Hearl F Chen R-G McCawley M Wu Z Peng K-L Chen A-L Rexing SH Blot WJ SOURCE: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Vol. 21, Supplement 2, pages 39-43, 16 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: An analysis of historical total and respirable silica (14808607) dust exposures in the Chinese mining and pottery industries was performed. Current data on total and respirable silica dust exposures collected in iron and copper mines were combined with a retrospective job exposure matrix that used exposure information where available on the free silica content of dusts to estimate total and respirable silica dust exposures in 20 mines (ten tungsten, six iron and copper, and four tin mines) and nine pottery factories for the period 1950 to 1987. Altogether, 6,805

historical estimates based on 2.1 million industrial hygiene monitoring data points were obtained information were constructed. Across all facilities combined, the mean total dust exposures during the periods 1950 to 1959, 1960 to 1968, 1969 to 1980, and 1981 to 1987 were 17.6, 6.26, 4.91, and 3.85mg/m3, respectively. The corresponding mean respirable silica dust exposures were 3.89, 0.90, 0.56, and 0.43mg/m3. By specific industry and across the 1950 to 1987 period, total dust exposures decreased from 11.82 to 10.44mg/m3 in the pottery industry, from 18.09 to 1.65mg/m3 in the tungsten mines, from 13.61 to 3.11mg/m3 in the iron and copper mines, and from 21.19 to 2.63mg/m3 in the tin mines. The respirable silica exposures in these industries averaged across the 1950 to 1987 period were 0.71mg/m3 in the pottery factories, 1.75mg/m3 in the tungsten mines, 0.32mg/m3 in the iron and copper mines, and 1.31mg/m3 in the tin mines. The mean respirable silica exposures averaged across the entire 38 year period rations were: underground mining 1.43mg/m3, surface mining 0.67mg/m3, and ore dressing 1.27mg/m3. Within the pottery industry, mud preparation workers employed as ore mixers had the highest respirable silica exposures. KEYWORDS: DCN-230996 NIOSH Author Silica dusts Respirable dust Occupational exposure Industrial hygiene Mining industry Pottery industry Dust exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 CODEN: SWEHDO ENTRY MONTH: 199611 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00230570 186 TITLE: Xanthine oxidase mediates paraquat-induced toxicity on cultured endothelial cell. AUTHORS: SAKAI M YAMAGAMI K KITAZAWA Y TAKEYAMA N TAMAKA T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Emergency and Critical Care Med., Kansai Med. Univ., Moriguchi, Osaka 570, Japan.

SOURCE: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY; 77 (1). 1995. 36-40. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The role of xanthine oxidase in paraquat toxicity was investigated using cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Exposure to paraquat 0.1 mM was done for 24 hr with or without tungsten pretreatment and in the presence or absence of xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Exposure to paraquat significantly increased O2production and relative xanthine oxidase activity (xanthine oxidase activity divided by total xanthine dehydrogenase plus xanthine oxidase) while depressing cell growth. In contrast, tungsten and allopurinol inhibited the increase of xanthine oxidase activity and decreased O2release. Cell injury was assessed by leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and by fluorescein diacetate staining. it was found that oxidase inhibitors (both allopurinol and tungsten) reduced paraquat cytotoxicity. Thus the toxicity of paraquat was at least partly due to intracellular O2production mediated by xanthine oxidase and the subsequent formation of other free radicals. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURE HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ARTIODACTYLA KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-Proteins Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General In Vitro Studies

Pest Control Bovidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 4685-14-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PHTOE ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/27430 187 TITLE: Hard Metal Disease AUTHORS: Kipling MD SOURCE: Occupational Health, Vol. 25, No. 3, pages 131-134, 4 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: Disease associated with exposure to tungsten-carbide (11130737) is reviewed. The development of tungsten-carbide is cited. These include its components and its use in cutting tool tips, armor piercing heads for shells, torpedoes, industrial dies, and ballpoint pens. Recognition of the toxicology and its symptoms are described. Symptoms resemble allergic asthma or bronchitis, with breathlessness, dry cough, loss of weight, sometimes including radiological changes and fatal cystic and emphysematous lung changes. Deaths are noted in workers exposed to dusts from grinding, sintering, and other foundry and machining processes. The occurrence of radiographic changes in workers exposed to hard metal dust from grinding is discussed. Worker exposures to dusts are assessed. The number exposed in the manufacture of tungsten-carbide is relatively small, but the number exposed in industry, particularly in tool grinding, is relatively large. The author concludes that hard metal disease is still somewhat of a mystery and is comparatively rare, but could be more frequently recognized by awareness of its existence on the part of physicians and industrial medicine staff. KEYWORDS: DCN-120250 Disease incidence Clinical symptoms Exposure levels Occupational exposure Toxic effects Physiological response Clinical diagnosis Pathogenesis Occupational hazards

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 CODEN: OCHRAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00128426 188 TITLE: Work conditions in concentration of tungsten-molybdenum ores. AUTHORS: NAUMOVA AP CHEBOTAREV AG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Ind. Med., Russ. Acad. Med. Sci., Moscow, Russia. SOURCE: MEDITSINA TRUDA I PROMYSHLENNAYA EKOLOGIYA; 0 (7). 1995. 9-12. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Manifold hygienic studies carried out at Tyrnaouz tungsten-molybdenum enterprise served as example to characterize work conditions, microclimate, chemical load, levels of dust, noise, vibration and radiation at modern concentration enterprises. The factors leading in intensity were dust load in air during preparation of ores processing (grinding, grist, etc.), noise, and microclimate especially during cool season. Hygienic importance of occupational factor is shown by data on morbidity with transitory disablement and outpatient medical examinations. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM URINE/CHEMISTRY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSIS GENITALIA REPRODUCTION MUSCLES ADIPOSE TISSUE BONE AND BONES CONNECTIVE TISSUE DIAGNOSIS FASCIA JOINTS NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY

POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PUBLIC HEALTH AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-General Biochemical Studies-General Digestive System-General Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-General Respiratory System-General Reproductive System-General Muscle-General Bones Nervous System-Pathology Toxicology-General Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: MTPEE ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/03596 189 TITLE: Exposure to Airborne Metals in the Manufacture and Maintenance of Hard Metal and Stellite Blades AUTHORS: Linnainmaa M Kangas J Kalliokoski P SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 57, No. 2, pages 196-201, 23 references, 1996 ABSTRACT:

Dust samples were taken during the manufacture and maintenance of hard metal and stellite blades at eight tool manufacturing companies and eight blade repair shops in the mechanical wood processing industry in Finland. Personal and stationary dust samples were analyzed for cobalt (7440484), chromium (7440473), cadmium (7440439), silver (7440224), nickel (7440020) and tungsten (7440337). Samples of the coolants were also analyzed for cobalt and chromium. Electron microscopy and elemental X-ray microanalysis were used to investigate the size, shape and composition of single particles collected from the air. Breathing zone and stationary sampling site geometric mean cobalt concentrations were below the Finnish occupation exposure limit (OEL) of 0.05mg/m3. For workers manually operating machines, the cobalt concentration was close to the OEL. About 68% of the cobalt was soluble. Cobalt concentrations exceeded the OEL in six workplaces. Airborne concentrations of cadmium, silver, and nickel were low during brazing. Particles released during the grinding of hard metal tips contained cobalt, tungsten and iron. Particles released during the grinding of stellite contained chromium and cobalt; particles released during the welding of stellite contained cobalt and iron. From 48 to 83% of the total dust was respirable. Cobalt concentrations in coolants ranged from 1.2 to 5,100 milligrams/liter, with a mean of 696 milligrams/liter. Tungsten concentrations in coolants ranged from 1.9 to 5,370 milligrams/liter. The authors conclude that wet grinding alone does not assure adequate control of cobalt. The authors recommend that efforts be made to control worker exposures to cobalt. KEYWORDS: DCN-230923 Hard metals Occupational exposure Airborne particles Grinding equipment Metal dusts Dust analysis Toolmaking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7440-33-7 CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199611 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00230497 190 TITLE: Comparison of Respirable Dust Generation by New Polycrystalline Diamond Compact and Tungsten Carbide Drill Bits in Wet and Dry Drilling

AUTHORS: Sundae LS Koblas JA Cantrell BK Summers DA Wright DA Xu J SOURCE: Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vol. 11, No. 7, pages 690-694, 7 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: An analysis of aerosol generated by polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) and tungsten-carbide (WC-Co) roof bolt drill bits was made in an effort to quantify the relative amount of respirable dust generated by each bit type during both wet and dry drilling. Dust aerosol measurement equipment was used to monitor the amount of respirable dust generated by new tungsten-carbide and polycrystalline diamond compact bits. One WC-Co and three PDC bits were tested under conditions with air and water used as bit cooling and dust removal agents. When compressed air was used to remove dust from the drill hole, PDC bits produced 71 to 88% less respirable aerosol as compared to WC-Co bits during dry drilling. When water was used as a wetting agent, a 95% reduction in the aerosol generated was observed. The amount of aerosol generated was not large enough to permit a distinction to be drawn between PDC and WC-Co bits for wet drilling. The life of the WC-Co bit was extended about three times over when water was used during the drilling as opposed to dry drilling using compressed air. KEYWORDS: DCN-235134 Aerosols Airborne particles Dust exposure Mining industry Mining equipment Mineral dusts Dust control Respirable dust CODEN: AOEHE9 ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00234708 191 TITLE: An Investigation Of Some Health Hazards In An Inert-Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding Shop AUTHORS: Challen PJR Hickish DE

Bedford J SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 15, pages 276-282, 8 references, 19581958 ABSTRACT: Atmospheric contaminants and worker symptoms were investigated in a British welding shop. The shop used the inert gas tungsten arc method to weld aluminum. Air samples were collected at six work positions in the welding area and three work positions where parts were degreased in trichloroethylene (79016). Samples were analyzed for trichloroethylene, ozone (10028156), and phosgene (75445). Analyses were repeated after installation of local exhaust ventilation. Fourteen welders and two degreasers were interviewed concerning work related symptoms. Degreasing area air samples contained 84 to 472 parts per million (ppm) trichloroethylene. Welding area samples contained 0 to 97ppm trichloroethylene, 0.8 to 1.7ppm ozone, and traces of phosgene. Ozone concentrations dropped to 0.19 to 0.30ppm after ventilation was installed. Only 3 of 14 welders had no symptoms. The others were troubled periodically and complained of dry mouth and throat, irritation of nose and eyes, and lacrimation. Five workers were subject to attacks of diurnal lassitude and two had feelings of substernal oppression. The two degreasers complained of lassitude and lack of concentration. The authors conclude that ozone is the chief air contaminant generated by the inert gas tungsten arc welding method, and suggest that the British maximum allowable concentration be lowered from 1ppm to the American standard of 0.1ppm. KEYWORDS: DCN-124676 Clinical symptoms Case studies Physiological response Biological effects Toxic effects Workplace studies Clinical diagnosis Chemical properties Biological factors Industrial medicine CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 79-01-6 79-01-6 10028-15-6 75-44-5 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1958 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136499 192

TITLE: Experimental pneumoconiosis induced by cemented tungsten and sequential concentrations of cobalt and tungsten in the lungs of the rat. AUTHORS: TOZAWA T KITAMURA H KOSHI K IKEMI Y AMBE K KITAMURA H AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Hygiene, Yokohama City Univ. Sch. Med., 2-33 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232 Japan. SOURCE: JPN J IND HEALTH; 23 (3). 1981. 216-226. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Experimental pneumoconiosis was induced by intratracheal injection of dusts of presintered cemented tungsten carbide (WC), G2 (WC: Co = 98:2) and TX20 (WC:Co:TiC(titanium carbide):TaC (tantalum carbide) = 64:16:6:14) into the lungs of rats to document the pathological changes in lung tissues associated with environmental Co and W. After administration of G2 and TX20 dusts (6 mo.), fibrotic foci were noted and W was detected in lung tissues of all animals. After administration of both dusts (12 mo.), fibrotic changes and W levels were reduced in both test groups but the reduction was more notable in the G2 group. Cases with fibrotic changes were relatively concomitant with cases in which W was detected. On examination of tissue levels of Co derived from the dust, Co levels in lungs and bones were less influenced by the dust of the G2 group but only pulmonary Co levels at 6 mo. after administration of TX20 group showed a remarkable influence from dust Co (P < 0.01). In cases where W was detected 6 mo. after administration of both groups and 12 mo. after administration of TX20 group, pulmonary Co levels had not reached the value that should have been gained by the addition of expected values (dust Co levels calculated from the W levels) to control values. G2 and TX20 dusts induced marked fibrotic changes in rat pulmonary tissues. These changes were reversible to some extent. A portion of dust Co was dissolved in the body fluid and disappeared from the pulmonary fields. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: SAIGB ENTRY MONTH: 198203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/03678 193

TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 85-064-1844, GTEalenite Corporation, Westminster, South Carolina, AUTHORS: Bryant CJ Rondinelli R Singal M AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 15, 1988 ABSTRACT: TD3: In response to a confidential request, an evaluation of exposure to hard metal dusts was made at GTE Corporation (SIC-3541), Westminster, South Carolina, employing 50 production workers. Dusts were generated during finish grinding of tungsten carbide cutting tool inserts. Personal and area air samples were analyzed for seven nitrosamines, cobalt (7440484), and tungsten (7440337). No nitrosamines were detected. Cobalt levels were nondetectable to 26.8 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3) (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Value, 50microg/m3). Tungsten levels were nondetectable to 0.41mg/m3 (NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit, 5mg/m3). Medical survey of 35 workers showed respiratory symptoms associated with length of employment and smoking status. Symptoms did not correlate with exposure category. Personal air samples were taken for cobalt for ten workers giving urine samples pre and post shift. All had increased urine cobalt levels over shift. There was no corr KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Toxic substances Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB88-188404, 28p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB88-188404 194 TITLE: Erythematogenicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of uncovered tungsten halogen lamps [letter; comment] AUTHORS:

De Flora S D'Agostini F SOURCE: Health Phys 1997 Oct;73(4):710-1 COMMENTS: Comment on: Health Phys 1997 Jan;72(1):53-5 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Animal Carcinogenicity Tests Erythema/*ETIOLOGY Escherichia coli/RADIATION EFFECTS Human Lighting/*ADVERSE EFFECTS Mutagenicity Tests Salmonella typhimurium/RADIATION EFFECTS Tungsten/*ADVERSE EFFECTS *Ultraviolet Rays CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0017-9078 PUBLICATION TYPES: COMMENT LETTER ENTRY MONTH: 199712 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: G2H TITLE ABBREVIATION: Health Phys YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/97457893 EMIC/104549 LAST REVISION DATE: 19980422 195 TITLE: Toxicity of Tungsten, Molybdenum, and Tantalum and the Environmental and Occupation Laws Associated with their Manufacture, Use, and Disposal. AUTHORS:

Kerwien SC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Army Armament Research and Development Center, Dover, NJ. Armament Engineering Directorate. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1996 ABSTRACT: TD3: This report gives an account of the toxicity of tungsten, molybdenum, and tantalum to humans. A brief summary of the environmental and occupational safety laws related to the manufacture, use, and disposal of these metals is provided. Special publication. KEYWORDS: Toxicity Molybdenum Tantalum Tungsten ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AD-A310 298/5, 15p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199610 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AD-A310 298/5 196 TITLE: Application Of Molybdenum And Tungsten Sulphides As Adsorbents In Gas Chromatography AUTHORS: Gavrilova TB Roshchina TM Dimitrov Chr Topalova I Petsev N SOURCE: Journal of Chromatography, Vol. 286, pages 49-55, 12 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: A gas chromatographic study of the adsorption of halogen, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen containing compounds was conducted with molybdenum-sulfide (1317335) (MoS2) and tungsten-sulfide (12627713) (WS2) or adsorbents. The tests were conducted at 230 degrees-C with nitrogen as the carrier gas. Retention volume (Va), differential molar changes in interval energy (delta-U), and relative retention volume (Vr) of various organic compounds were determined. The thermodynamic adsorption characteristics of individual compounds were similar for MoS2 and WS2 regardless of the metal

atoms contained in the adsorbents, indicating that adsorption took place on the basal faces filled with sulfur atoms. The retention of n-alkanes on the metal sulfides was stronger than that of mono-n-alkylbenzenes. Neither the double bonds of the benzene derivatives nor a free electron pair on the oxygen atom of an ether had any pronounced effect on the adsorption of the metal sulfides. The delta-U and Va of individual compounds were similar in MoS2 and WS2. Retention of 1,2,4,5-tetramethylcyclohexane (2090382) isomers on MoS2 increased with increasing number of equatorial substituents, and the duration and temperature of analysis were reduced. The adsorption of low polarity compounds on MoS2 and WS2 were significantly influenced by dispersion interaction with basal faces. High Vr was seen with molecules containing active groups such as methyl-ethyl-ketone (78933) on both adsorbents. In compounds with similar boiling points, retention increased with increasing polarization on both adsorbents, with little influence by the dipole moments of the molecules. Adsorption on MoS2 and WS2 was largely determined by universal dispersion forces, and an increase in the number of chlorine (7782505) atoms in a molecule caused a non uniform increase in Va and delta-U. The authors conclude that MoS2 and WS2 are suitable for analyzing a wide range of organic compounds. KEYWORDS: DCN-130162 Sulfides Gas chromatography Surface properties Physical properties Chemical properties Materials testing Analytical processes Molybdenum compounds Tungsten compounds Alkanes Chlorinated hydrocarbons CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1317-33-5 1317-33-5 12627-71-3 2090-38-2 78-93-3 7782-50-5 CODEN: JOCRAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00142614 197 TITLE: Catalytic Hydrogenation of Coal-Derived Liquids. Interim Report, December 1973--February 1979 AUTHORS:

Berg L McCandless FP AUTHOR ADDRESS: Montana State Univ., Bozeman. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 22, 1979 ABSTRACT: TD3: Five additional commercial hydrotreating catalysts were investigated with SRC-II during the quarter with NALCO 502 nickel molybdate giving the best denitrogenation (60%) and NALCO 477 cobalt molybdate giving the best desulfurization (73%). Thirty-two different catalysts were fabricated during the quarter involving combinations of cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, and tungsten on bases of silica--alumina--phosphorous oxide with surface areas ranging 147-323 m exp 2 /g and pore diameters ranging 89-186 A. The best result, 77.6% denitrogenation and 74.8% desulfurization was obtained with a tungsten, cobalt, nickel impregnated alumina having 232 m exp 2 /g surface area, 0.72 cc/g pore volume and 124A average pore diameter. (ERA citation 04:040056) KEYWORDS: Catalysts Coal liquids Cobalt Molybdenum Nickel Tungsten Air pollution abatement ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/FE-2034-14, 47p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy. ENTRY MONTH: 198101 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/FE-2034-14 198 TITLE: Maintenance of stellite and tungsten carbide saw saw tips: Determinants of exposure to cobalt and chromium AUTHORS: Teschke K Marion SA van Zuylen MJA Kennedy SM

SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal July 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.661-669. Illus. 32 ref. ABSTRACT: Personal air sampling among saw filers at eight lumber mills in British Columbia, Canada indicated very low exposures to cobalt and chromium. Cobalt exposure was related mainly to wet and dry grinding of tungsten carbide but not to grinding of stellite, despite the higher concentration of cobalt in the latter parent material. Chromium concentrations were associated with wet grinding of chipper knives made of chromium-containing steel, and with welding of stellite and saw steel. Airborne exposures may not be predicted by the amount of metal in the parent material and, in addition, standard hygiene measures like wet grinding may not reduce exposures. KEYWORDS: CHROMIUM COBALT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE 1:1 ABRASIVE OPERATIONS LOGGING EXPOSURE EVALUATION DETERMINATION IN AIR WOODWORKING SAWS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0002-8894 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199609 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/96/00769 199 TITLE: Respiratory Disease In Tungsten Carbide Production Workers AUTHORS: Sprince NL Chamberlin RI Hales CA

Weber AL Kazemi H SOURCE: Chest, Vol. 86, No. 4, pages 549-557, 24 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: Respiratory disease and occupational exposure to cobalt (7440484) were evaluated in 290 workers at two tungsten-carbide production facilities. Air samples were obtained to determine peak air concentrations of cobalt dust at major steps of the operation. Subjects with the highest potentials for exposure based on work history and air sampling underwent medical evaluation by arterial blood gas determinations, spirometric ventilatory testing, and radiographic chest examinations. Peak cobalt exposures greater than 500 micrograms per cubic meter were found during four and five of the seven major operations at facility 1 and facility 2, respectively. There were significant negative associations between 1 second forced expiratory volume and length of exposure at both facilities, and between peak expiratory flow rate and length of exposure at facility 2. Significant differences in arterial blood gases were seen between smokers and nonsmokers at both facilities. Nine workers at facility 1 and two at facility 2 had interstitial infiltrates; all had occupational histories of high exposure levels. Two of the nine from facility 1 had significantly restricted total lung capacity. Two workers from facility 1 and one from facility 2 were nonsmokers who met the criteria for obstructive defects. The authors suggest that interstitial obstructive lung disease in tungsten/carbide workers is associated with elevated air concentrations of cobalt. KEYWORDS: DCN-150089 Inhalants Pulmonary function Occupational exposure Health standards Lung Exposure levels Exposure limits Lung lesions Toxicology Lung irritants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: CHETBF ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00161647 200 TITLE: Tungsten and compounds

AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: TA:ACGIH. Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices PG:1663-5 YR:1991 IP: VI:6th Ed ABSTRACT: TLV-TWA, 1 mg/m3, as W-Soluble compounds, 5 mg/m3, as W-Tungsten and soluble compounds; TLV-STEL, 3 mg/m3, as W-Soluble compounds, 10 mg/m3, as W-Tungsten and insoluble compounds KEYWORDS: < ANIMAL > acute toxicity subchronic toxicity toxicokinetics nervous system < HUMAN > occupational exposure dust CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199408 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: RISKLINE/1994080071 201 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 85-423-1904, General Electric Company, Evendale, Ohio, AUTHORS: Burr G Singal M Hartle R Rondinelli R AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 03, 1989 ABSTRACT: TD3: A study was made of possible health hazards at the General Electric Company (SIC-3541), Evendale, Ohio. Workers were exposed to dusts generated during the grinding of tools and other components containing tungsten-carbide. Employee exposure to cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten,

and total and respirable dust levels were evaluated for 15 machinists working in two cutting and grinding areas. Concentrations of nickel ranged from nondetectable to 20 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3), time weighted average, which exceeded the NIOSH recommended level of 15 microg/m3). Other metals were below permissible levels. A group of 41 individuals participated in a medical study including chest x-ray and determination of blood and urine cobalt concentrations. No evidence of hard metal disease was noted on the 38 x-rays taken. Only two of ten participants had detectable blood cobalt levels. Of 63 urine specimens, 19 showed detectable cobalt. The authors conclude that a potential hazard existed from airborne expo KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Dust Cobalt Nickel Chromium Tungsten Toxic substances Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB89-120570, 27p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB89-120570 202 TITLE: Cytogenetic studies of stainless steel welders using the tungsten inert gas and metal inert gas methods for welding. AUTHORS: Jelmert O Hansteen IL Langard S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Telemark Central Hospital, Skien, Norway. SOURCE: Mutat Res 1995 Mar;342(1-2):77-85 ABSTRACT: Cytogenetic damage was studied in lymphocytes from Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), and 21 welders using the and/or Metal Active Gas (MAG) methods on stainless reference group I, and a larger reference group II 23 welders using the Metal Inert Gas (MIG) steel (SS). A matched of 94 subjects studied

during the same time period, was established for comparison. Whole blood conventional cultures (CC), cultures in which DNA synthesis and repair were inhibited (IC), and the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay were applied in the study. For the CC a statistically significant decrease in chromosome breaks and cells with aberrations was found for both TIG/SS and MIG/MAG/SS welders when compared with reference group II. A non-significant decrease was found for the corresponding parameters for the two groups of welders when compared with their matched referents. A statistically significant negative association was found between measurements of total chromium (Cr) in inhaled air and SCE, and a weaker negative correlation with hexavalent Cr (Cr(VI)) in air. In conclusion, no cytogenetic damage was found in welders exposed to the TIG/SS and MIG/MAG/SS welding fumes with low content of Cr and Ni. On the contrary, a decline in the prevalence of chromosomal aberrations was indicated in the TIG/SS and MIG/MAG/SS welders, possibly related to the suggested enhancement of DNA repair capacity at slightly elevated exposures. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS ASSAY: EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Adult Cells, Cultured Chromosome Aberrations Gases Human Industry *Occupational Exposure Sister Chromatid Exchange *Stainless Steel Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Tungsten/*TOXICITY *Welding CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 12597-68-1 NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0027-5107 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199506

JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NNA TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutat Res YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/95191598 EMIC/96401 LAST REVISION DATE: 19950601 203 TITLE: Dust Measurements in Austrian Hard-Metal Works AUTHORS: Kitzler W SOURCE: Staub, Vol. 21, No. 12, pages 530-532, 8 references, 19611961 ABSTRACT: Investigations have been made on dust hygiene in two Austrian hard metal producing plants. The studies involved both gravimetric and numerical measurement of the concentration of dust able to enter the lungs and also the analysis of aerosol samples with respect to cobalt (7440484), tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326), tantalum (7440257), and niobium (7440031) content. The results of the studies showed that in both plants relatively unfavorable dust hygiene conditions existed. This study is of interest in view of the fact that hard metal lung has been recognized in some countries as an occupational disease eligible for compensation since 1950. In 1961 pulmonary fibrosis caused by hard metal dust was also recognized as an occupational disease eligible for compensation. (German) KEYWORDS: DCN-152776 TRANS Cemented tungsten carbide Dusts Lung disorders Respiratory system disorders Fibrosis bodies Lung fibrosis Inhalation Air monitoring Tungsten Workplaces Silicosis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6

7440-25-7 7440-03-1 CODEN: STABAU ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1961 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00074880 204 TITLE: Automated Characterization Of Particles Extracted From Human Lungs: Three Cases Of Tungsten Carbide Exposure AUTHORS: Stettler LE Groth DH Platek SF SOURCE: Scanning Electron Microscopy, Part 1, pages 439-448, 27 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: An automated scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray/image analysis system for characterizing particles extracted from human lungs was developed. Lung tissues from three cases of suspected occupationally induced lung disease were analyzed. The three cases included subjects who had been employed in heat treating and brazing of metals, tool and cutter grinding, and grinding of steel products composed of silicon-carbide (409212), aluminum (7429905), and cadmium (7440439). The tissues processed for particle analyses were taken from the paraffin embedded blocks used for light microscopic evaluation. Particles were isolated from the lung tissues by low temperature ashing and deposited on filters. Particles were automatically sized, analyzed for 32 elements, and classified according to their chemistry by the system. Particle compositions found for the three cases were similar. The major differences included the total absence of talc like particles in one case and reduced concentrations of aluminum, vanadium (7440622), chromium (7440473) and iron (7439896) particles, and an increased number of tin (7440315) containing particles in another case. One of the three cases conformed to the progressive interstitial lung disease associated with tungsten-carbide (11130737) workers. For each of the three lung specimens, large numbers of particles were associated with cemented tungsten-carbide products. The authors conclude that the automated analysis technique can quickly size, chemically analyze, and classify biological tissues according to their chemistry. KEYWORDS: DCN-134960 NIOSH Author Quantitative analysis Analytical methods Analytical instruments Microscopic analysis

Dust analysis Respirable dust Occupational respiratory disease Humans Metal dusts Case studies Research CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 409-21-2 409-21-2 7429-90-5 7440-43-9 7440-62-2 7440-47-3 7439-89-6 7440-31-5 11130-73-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00148179 205 TITLE: Health Effects of Welding Fumes and Gases AUTHORS: Sampara P SOURCE: Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, Hamilton, Ontario, Report No. P85-4E, 11 pages, 39 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: Health effects from exposure to welding fumes and gases which are produced as byproducts during the welding process in the form of a welding plume were reviewed. Potentially harmful gases may be released into the surrounding air as a result of the heat and ultraviolet radiation from the welding arc. Major arc welding methods considered include shielded metal arc or manual metal arc welding, gas metal arc or metal inert gas welding, flux cored arc welding, and gas tungsten arc or tungsten inert gas welding. Gases produced include ozone (10028156) and nitrogen-oxides. Major fumes generated during welding include aluminum (7429905), cadmium (7440439), chromium (7440473), copper (7440508), fluorides, lead (7439921), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), nickel (7440020), tin (7440315), titanium (7440326), vanadium (7440622), and zinc (7440666). Short term effects include irritation of the nose, throat and lungs, excessive mucus secretion and coughing. Metal fume fever occurs about 4 to 12 hours after exposure and lasts about 24 hours. Recovery is usually complete. Most often this condition has been caused by overexposure to freshly generated zinc-oxide (1314132) fumes. Cadmium has been found to be very toxic with accumulation of fluid in the lungs, acute bronchitis, and acute pneumonia. Liver and kidney damage may also result. Long term effects of metal fume exposure may include siderosis and lung cancer

KEYWORDS: DCN-163181 Metal workers Metalworking industry Dust inhalation Airborne particles Gas welders Welding industry Welders lung Pulmonary system disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-15-6 10028-15-6 7429-90-5 7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-50-8 7439-92-1 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-02-0 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-62-2 7440-66-6 1314-13-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00175456 206 TITLE: Cross-Sectional Study Of Respiratory Effects Of Arc Welding AUTHORS: Zober A Weltle D SOURCE: Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 35, pages 79-84, 19851985 ABSTRACT: The effects on the respiratory system of arc welding (SIC-3623) were studied in workers in the Federal Republic of Germany. Workers with 8 or more years welding experience participated. All worked full time on manual metal arc welding or gas shielded welding of mild and stainless steel. Smoking habits were determined for all workers and occupational and medical histories were obtained through questionnaires. A group of workers of similar age and smoking experiences from various industries served as comparisons. Fumes were assessed in the working environments of the facilities involved. Respirable fume in the breathing zone or behind

the face shield was studied. Lung function tests and chest X-rays were performed on welders and comparisons. The German Maximum Safe Concentration was frequently exceeded for all welding processes studied, with the exception of tungsten (7440337) inert welding. Respiratory tract diseases were reported more frequently by welders, at 36 percent, than by comparisons at 28 percent. There was a 17 percent excess of chronic bronchitis among welders who did not smoke when compared with other nonsmoking workers. Welders older than 43 with welding experience of more than 20 years had a lower prevalence of chronic bronchitis than welders of the same age with less experience. Restrictive lung function disorders of a minor type were more often seen in welders than comparisons, at 11 versus 5 percent. Small round opacities were seen in chest X-rays of 27 percent of the welders and 14 percent of the comparisons. The authors conclude that the welding processes, with the possible exception of tungsten inert welding, are likely to expose welders to excessive fume concentrations. Exposure to fumes and gases does not appear to be associated with a remarkable increase in respiratory disease but some effects of welding exposure are evident in older workers. KEYWORDS: DCN-145189 Occupational hazards Industrial exposures Pulmonary function Exposure levels Respiration Workplace studies Biological effects Welders Fumes Lung function Health services CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00157563 207 TITLE: Platinum and rhodium substitution by molybdenum and tungsten carbides for catalysis: Synthesis, activations and uses. AUTHORS: LEDOUX MJ PHAM-HUU C MARIN S WEIBEL M GUILLE J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lab. de Catalyse, U.R.A. n 432 C.N.R.S. de Chimie des Surfaces, Universite Louis-Pasteur, 4 rue Blaise-Pascal, 67000 Strasbourgh, Fr.

SOURCE: C R ACAD SCI SER II MEC PHYS CHIM SCI UNIVERS SCI TERRE; 310 (6). 1990. 707-714. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The new synthesis of molybdenum and tungsten carbides with high specific surface area, as an original activating process of their surfaces, led to find new catalysts for the reactions usually catalyzed by platinum and rhodium. These two precious metals have been substituted in hydrocarbons reforming reactions, in selective dehydrogenation of cyclohexane into benzene and even, in the reactions of depollution of car exhaust pipe gases. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-16-6 7440-16-6 7440-06-4 110-82-7 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: CRAME ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

BIOSIS/91/03468 208 TITLE: The effect of molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten on the growth of a free-living Anabaena azollae cyanobacterium and on its synthesis of nitrogenase. AUTHORS: CHAN VAN NI YAKUNIN AF GOGOTOV IN AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Soil Sci. Phtosynth., Acad. Sci. USSR, Puschino, USSR. SOURCE: MIKROBIOLOGIYA; 59 (4). 1990. 583-586. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The growth and nitrogense activity of Anabaena azollae cells growing in the presence of molybdenum was found to be inhibited by tungsten to a far greater degree than in the absence of Mo or in the persence of vanadium. The cells grown under these conditions reduced C2H2 not only to C2H4 but also to C2H6 whose production was completely inhibited if the medium contained Mo. The strongest inhibiting action of C2H2 on H2 photoevolution was detected in Mo-containing cultures whereas the cells grown in the absence of Mo or in the presence of V were more resistant to it. These data indicate that the free-living cyanobacterium A. azollae isolated from a symbiotic association of Azolla caroliniana can symthesize alternative nitrogenases when it grows in the absence of Mo or in the presence of V. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY METABOLISM ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION BIOPHYSICS FERMENTATION PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM RESPIRATION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT BIOPHYSICS LIGHT PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/RADIATION EFFECTS BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/ENZYMOLOGY

CYANOBACTERIA PLANTS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals External Effects-Light and Darkness Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-General Metabolism Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Cyanophyta Tracheophyta CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-62-2 7440-62-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: MIKBA ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/06933 209 TITLE: Determination of Aluminium in Biological Materials by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with a Tungsten Tube Atomizer AUTHORS: Ohta K Yokoyama M Itoh S Kaneco S Mizuno T SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 291, Nos. 1-2, pages 115-120, 35 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: A method for the determination of aluminum (7429905) in biological samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETA-AAS) with a tungsten tube atomizer was described. A sensitive ETA-AAS method was developed by adding a small amount of hydrogen to the argon purge gas. The optimum purge gas flow rates for the absorption signal were 400 milliliters per

minute (ml/min) argon and 100ml/min hydrogen. The optimum pyrolysis temperature was in the range of 1000 to 1250 degrees-C. The absolute characteristic mass of aluminum with the atomizer was 0.98 picograms; the detection limit, calculated as the weight of analyte that gave an atomic absorption signal equal to three times the standard deviation of the background, was 52 picograms per milliliter. The values obtained by ETA-AAS were more than ten times better than those obtained via graphite atomizers, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), flame AAS, neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and/or ICP mass spectrometry. Interference studies on the aluminum absorption signal were performed; the analytical results obtained with the standard additions technique were in good agreement with certified values. The authors conclude that use of ETA-AAS enables accurate and sensitive determination of aluminum in complex samples. KEYWORDS: DCN-222838 Analytical methods Biological material Light metals Atomic absorption spectrometry Laboratory techniques Aluminum compounds Biological monitoring CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00223283 210 TITLE: Cobalt Bioavailability from Hard Metal Particles. Further Evidence That Cobalt Alone Is Not Responsible for the Toxicity of Hard Metal Particles AUTHORS: Lison D Lauwerys R SOURCE: Archives of Toxicology, Vol. 68, No. 8, pages 528-531, 13 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: A study was conducted on the contribution of tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC) to the bioavailability and cytotoxicity of cobalt (7440484) (Co). Female Sprague-Dawley-rats were treated by tracheal instillation with Co, WC-Co, and/or WC and lung and urinary Co were assessed between 48 hours and 8 days later. The activity of lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) and cobalt uptake was also assessed in mouse peritoneal macrophages exposed to Co or WC-Co in-vitro. WC-Co treated animals demonstrated an initial rapid urinary Co excretion that was not seen in animals treated with Co alone.

Co excretion at 4hours, however, was similar in both groups. Increases in the mean lung Co concentrations were seen after 24 hours in animals treated with Co alone compared with those treated with WC-Co. This difference was no longer evident after 7 days. Exposure of macrophages in-vitro to 150 micrograms WC-Co resulted in an increase in LDH activity and Co uptake. The authors conclude that the presence of tungsten-carbide increases the bioavailability of Co but Co does not appear to be the only component responsible for the toxicity of hard metal compounds. KEYWORDS: DCN-222820 Hard metals Cobalt compounds Pulmonary system In vivo study In vitro study Toxic effects Metabolism Laboratory animals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 CODEN: ARTODN ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00223262 211 TITLE: Histopathological Studies Of Tissue Reactions To Various Metals Implanted In Cat Brains AUTHORS: Robinson FR Johnson MT SOURCE: Aeronautical Systems Division, Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, ASD Technical Report 61-397,| 18 pages, 15 references, 19611961 ABSTRACT: Differences in tissue reactions to implanted rods of six metals were studied in cats. Gold (7440575), platinum (7440064), silver (7440224), stainless steel, tantalum (7440257) and tungsten (7440337) rods measuring 125 microns in diameter and 12 millimeters (mm) in length were implanted in the brains of healthy adult cats. To minimize mechanical trauma, the rods were implanted intracerebrally. Animals were sacrificed at intervals up to 6 months, and tissue changes were determined by staining procedures. Differences in the severity of the lesions produced by the metals began to appear about 7 days after implantation. Silver rods caused the most

severe response throughout the experimental period, as evidenced by necrosis, edema, demyelination, and numerous macrophages in the area of destruction. With silver, the reactive zone extended to 2mm in diameter, and the astrocytic reaction extended to 3.75mm in a lesion present 7 days after implantation. Stainless steel and gold rods caused the least tissue reaction; platinum and tantalum rods caused slightly larger lesions. Tungsten caused more extensive lesions than did platinum or tantalum, in that a heavier capsule was formed and the reaction area was larger. Of the five staining procedures employed, the gold sublimated stain showed the most extensive area of the brain tissue response to the metals. The authors conclude that, from the standpoint of tissue reaction, stainless steel and gold are preferred metals for intracerebral electrodes. KEYWORDS: DCN-123770 Animal studies Histomorphology Toxicopathology Biological effects Comparative toxicology Medical research Tumorigens Brain function Clinical techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-57-5 7440-57-5 7440-06-4 7440-22-4 7440-25-7 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1961 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135753 212 TITLE: Interictal Discharges In Tungsten Foci And EEG Seizure Activity AUTHORS: Elazar Z Blum B SOURCE: Epilepsia, Vol. 15, pages 599-610, 28 references, 19741974 ABSTRACT: Relationships between the occurrence of interictal spikes and the nature of electroencephalographic (EEG) seizure activity were investigated. Cats were rendered epileptic by injection of 0.02 cubic centimeters tungstic-acid (7783031) gel into the dorsal or ventral hippocampus. EEG recordings were begun 20 to 26 hours after injection and were continued for 6 to 14 hours. A cannula was implanted in some cats with the tip in

the hippocampus. A month later, tungstic-acid was injected through the cannula and EEG recordings were monitored. In 76 percent of animals only interictal spikes were seen; the remainder showed both interictal spikes and interictal spikes after discharges. Interictal spikes were somewhat rhythmic. Spikes after discharges consisted of groups of 3 to 20 waves of 30 to 50 millisecond duration which were superimposed on the ascending slope, on the top, on the descending slope, or immediately following interictal spikes. Three stages were seen in the period between two seizures: a postictal period devoid of interictal spikes; an intermediary stage with spikes of similar shape, amplitude, and incidence; and a preictal stage with an increase or decrease in interictal spikes, an increase in amplitude, and the addition of new waves on each spike with the appearance in some animals of spikes after discharges. When tungstic-acid was injected in cannulated animals, attenuation in the amplitude of the background EEG was seen 0.5 to 1 hour later. No interictal spikes were seen until after the first seizures. In some animals the interval between interictal spikes shortened to less than 4 to 5 seconds, their amplitude increased, and organized seizures ceased. The authors conclude that seizure activity is related to an optimum frequency of occurrence of interictal spikes, but certain rates of occurrence are incompatible with seizures. KEYWORDS: DCN-124028 Animal studies Medical research Brain electrical activity Brain disorders Neurophysiological effects Neurological disease Physiological response Tungsten compounds Clinical pathology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7783-03-1 CODEN: EPILAK ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136039 213 TITLE: EVALUATION OF TUNGSTEN AND LEAD SURGICAL GLOVES FOR RADIATION PROTECTION AUTHORS: VANO E FERNANDEZ JM DELGADO V GONZALEZ L SOURCE: HEALTH PHYSICS; 68 (6). 1995. 855-858.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN HEALTH RADIOLOGY ROOMS EXPOSURE DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY LEAD VS. TUNGSTEN COMPARISONS TACTILE PERCEPTION SURGERY HEALTH CARE PUBLIC HEALTH MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ANATOMY SURGERY ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY, COMPARATIVE RADIOGRAPHY DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY THERAPEUTICS SENSE ORGANS/PHYSIOLOGY SENSE ORGANS/METABOLISM COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Bioengineering Anatomy and Histology Anatomy and Histology Pathology Pathology Sense Organs Public Health-Health Services and Medical Care Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/28059

214 TITLE: Experience In NCB Doncaster Area With Boots Fitted With Tungsten-Carbide Tipped Studs AUTHORS: Senneck CR Nussey C SOURCE: Department of Trade and Industry, Safety in Mines Research Establishment, Great Britain, SMRE Report No. P4, 56 pages, 4 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: Studies of the effect of boots fitted with studs on the incidence of loss of balance accidents were conducted. Male colliery workers were administered a questionnaire about their footwear. The workers were either issued tungsten-carbide (11130737) tipped studs for insertion into their boots or new boots fitted with the studs. Medical records were surveyed to determine the incidence of loss of balance accidents 6 months before and 6 months after the introduction of these boots. Approximately 33 percent of the respondents to the questionnaire complained about the durability, comfort, or safety of their boots, the loss of the toe caps being the most frequent complaint. Face workers tended to replace their footwear most frequently and surface workers least frequently. Before the introduction of the studs, the worker who eventually used the test boots had 14 percent more loss of balance accidents than those not receiving studs. In the 6 months following the introduction of the boots, workers who had studs inserted into worn boots had 13 percent more accidents than expected and workers with new stud boots had 10 percent fewer accidents than expected. The authors conclude that stud fitted boots have not had a significant effect on the loss of balance accident rate. KEYWORDS: DCN-124176 Safety research Safety clothing Health hazards Employee exposure Occupational exposure Industrial safety Work practices Coke manufacturing Mining industry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136208 215 TITLE:

The Distribution Of Radioisotopes Of Some Heavy Metals In The Rat AUTHORS: Durbin PW Scott KG Hamilton JG SOURCE: University of California, Berkeley, Publications in Pharmacology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pages 1-34, 98 references, 19571957 ABSTRACT: The fate of 18 heavy metals was determined by tracing radioactive isotopes in Sprague-Dawley-rats, Curtis-Dunning-rats, and Slonaker-rats. Isotopes were prepared for molybdenum (7439987), tungsten (7440337), technetium (7440268), rhenium (7440155), ruthenium (7440188), osmium (7440042), rhodium (7440166), iridium (7439885), platinum (7440064), indium (7440746), palladium (7440053), thallium (7440280), tin (7440315), lead (7439921), cadmium (7440439), and mercury (7439976). Isotopes were administered parenterally or orally. Tissue deposition and excretion were monitored. Urine and feces were collected. The metals were divided into four groups based on absorption, distribution, and excretion. Cadmium and mercury were characterized by ease of gastrointestinal absorption and high accumulation and retention in liver and kidney. Indium, lead, tin, niobium (7440031), and tantalum (7440257) were characterized by relatively slow absorption from intramuscular injection with transient retention in liver and kidney and prolonged retention in skeleton. Molybdenum, tungsten, technetium, rhenium, osmium, and ruthenium were characterized by prompt and nearly complete urinary excretion. Platinum, rhodium, iridium, and palladium were characterized by fairly rapid and nearly complete excretion in feces and urine with transient retention in kidney, liver, and spleen. KEYWORDS: DCN-121934 Biochemical analysis Physiological measurements Toxicology Trace analysis Urinalysis Animal studies Metal poisoning Metabolic study Digestive system CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 7440-26-8 7440-15-5 7440-18-8 7440-04-2 7440-16-6 7439-88-5 7440-06-4 7440-74-6 7440-05-3 7440-28-0 7440-31-5

7439-92-1 7440-43-9 7439-97-6 7440-03-1 7440-25-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1957 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00131115 216 TITLE: Radiological consequences of radioactivity release from spallation targets. AUTHORS: Miller LA Williams DC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 04, 1994 ABSTRACT: TD3: A preconceptual design for an Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) facility is currently under development by several national laboratories in conjunction with industry. The design consists of an accelerator that bombards a spallation target with high energy protons. Neutrons are produced in the spallation target and are absorbed in a blanket material to produce tritium. Two spallation targets are currently under investigation: (1) a tungsten neutron source target and (2) a lead neutron source target. In the tungsten target the neutrons are captured in helium-3, which is circulated through the system, thus producing tritium. The lead target is surrounded with a lithium-aluminum blanket and the tritium is produced in the lithium-6. The investigation of possible radiological impacts on the public is being performed as a part of the safety evaluations of the preconceptual design. These studies include the estimation of releases of radioactive materials from the two spallation targets and the pos KEYWORDS: Linear Accelerators Tritium ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE93017627, 3p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A01/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC.

ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE93017627 217 TITLE: X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Bismuth-Doped Lead Dioxide Electrodes, of the Radiation-Damaged Benzene Chromium Tricarbonyl Crystal Structure, and of Selected Organometallic Compounds. AUTHORS: Kim S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ames Lab., IA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 24, 1987 ABSTRACT: TD3: X-ray powder diffraction patterns of lead dioxide electrodes electrodeposited with Bi, As, or Tl were taken and analyzed via the Rietveld procedure. The diffraction patterns of the electrodeposited electrodes show strong preferred orientation and particle size broadening of the diffraction peaks. Variations of these two properties as a function of (Bi)/(Pb) seem to be closely correlated to the electrochemical oxidizing catalytic activities of the electrodes. A study of x-ray radiation damage on a molecular single crystal, Cr(CO) sub 3 (C sub 6 H sub 6 ), was carried out. Apparently, the severe irradiation caused gradual loss of crystalline character, probably by weakening intermolecular packing forces. Little changes in intramolecular geometry were noticed. The crystal structure determination of (HB(pz) sub 3 )(CO) sub 2 W-(eta sup 2 -CH(SMe)).CF sub 3 SO sub 3 , 1, confirmed the presence of the eta sup 2 -thiocarbene ligand, bonded to the tungsten through both the C and S atoms. The Patterson s KEYWORDS: Chromium Complexes Electrodes Lead Oxides Molybdenum Compounds Organometallic Compounds Tungsten Compounds ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE87010934, Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products., 180p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A09/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH:

198803 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE87010934 218 TITLE: [The detection of high-risk groups among workers in contact with heavy metals based on an analysis of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges] AUTHORS: Bobyleva LA Chopikashvili LV Alekhina NI Zasukhina GD SOURCE: Tsitol Genet 1991 May-Jun;25(3):18-23 ENGLISH ABSTRACT INDICATOR: A ABSTRACT: Heavy metal salts, the workers from molybdenum, tungsten and cobalt plants to make in contact with, reveal their mutagenic activity. Individual sensitivity to heavy metal salts has been analyzed through the example of molybdenum. Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges have been studied for the regularities of their formation in lymphocytes of workers depending on the length of service. Sensitivity of tests of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges has been compared to reveal genetic consequences of these types of the effects. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES ASSAY: EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): *Chromosome Aberrations Comparative Study English Abstract Human Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS Lymphocytes/ULTRASTRUCTURE Metallurgy Metals/*ADVERSE EFFECTS Mutagenicity Tests/METHODS Occupational Exposure/*ADVERSE EFFECTS Occupational Exposure/*STATISTICS & NUMERICAL DATA Risk Factors

Sister Chromatid Exchange/*DRUG EFFECTS USSR CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7791-13-1 12054-85-2 NO CASRN NO CASRN LANGUAGE: rus INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0564-3783 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199201 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: WGP TITLE ABBREVIATION: Tsitol Genet TRANSLITERATED/VERNACULAR TITLE: Vyiavlenie grupp povyshennogo riska sredi rabochikh, kontaktiruiushchikh s tiazhelymi metallami, na osnove analiza khromosomnykh aberratsii i sestrinskikh khromatidnykh obmenov. YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/92023787 EMIC/85110 219 TITLE: TUNGSTEN CONTENT OF SOILS PLANTS AND SEWAGE SLUDGES IN IOWA USA AUTHORS: FU MH TABATABAI MA SOURCE: J ENVIRON QUAL; 17 (1). 1988. 146-148. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MOLYBDENUM NUTRITION WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS NUTRITION PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JEVQA ENTRY MONTH: 198805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/13338 220 TITLE: MUTAGENESIS BY METALS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE AUTHORS: ROSSMAN TG AUTHOR ADDRESS: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY MED CTR, 550 FIRST AVENUE, NEW YORK, N Y 10016 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ The genetic effects of metal compounds have been difficult to study. Altering exposure protocols and genetic endpoints enabled this laboratory to detect the mutagenicity of some metal compounds. Other compounds, while not mutagenic per se, could enhance the mutagenicity of ultraviolet

light (UV). This proposal will address the mechanisms for these two phenomena. Since the effects of chromium and nickel on DNA have been well studied by others, the focus of this project will be to elucidate the effects on DNA by mutagenic or comutagenic compounds of copper, lead, iron, manganese, arsenic, molybdenum, tungsten and zinc (in order of priority) either alone or with UV irradiation. The ability of metal compounds to damage DNA, or to enhance UV- induced damage, will be studied using sequencing gel techniques. Sites of strand breaks, alkali-lability, DNA repair enzyme recognition and polymerase inhibition will be determined on at least one restriction fragment within the E. coli gpt coding sequence. Preliminary data suggests that in some cases (e.g. Cu2+), the comutagenic effect may be mediated by hydroxyl radicals formed by a Fenton reaction causing random strand breaks which can be inhibited by KI. In cases where specific sites of damage are identified, the nature of the lesions will be determined by physical chemical means. The effects on cellular DNA will be studied for those metal compounds which do not damage plasmid DNA or enhance UV-induced damage, using alkaline elution techniques. The ability of metal compounds to damage DNA will also be studied by genetic means. The plasmid pSV2 gpt will be treated, and the transfection frequency and mutation frequency (to gpt-) will be determined using Chinese hamster V79 hprt- cells as a host. In addition, mutagenesis of a stable V79 (gpt) transfectant will be carried out, and the frequency of large deletions will be measured. It is expected that mutagenesis at this locus will be more sensitive to multi-locus deletions (known to be caused by oxidative damage) compared to the endogenous hprt locus. Using the same genetic target (E. coli gpt) for the studies on DNA damage sites and mutagenesis will ultimately enable the determination of the mutagenic consequences of specific types of damage. KEYWORDS: environmental contamination transfection mutagen testing gene deletion mutation iron heavy metal copper lead manganese molybdenum tungsten zinc arsenic environment related neoplasm /cancer carcinogenesis radiation carcinogenesis chemical carcinogen cocarcinogen DNA repair ultraviolet radiation cytotoxicity DNA damage CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research

SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE COUNTRY OR STATE: NEW YORK ENTRY MONTH: 199403 ZIP CODE: 10016 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/94/CA29258-11 AWARD TYPE: G 221 TITLE: NEW DATA FOR STANDARDIZATION OF TUNGSTEN AND MOLYBDENUM IN THEIR SEPARATE AND SIMULTANEOUS PRESENCE IN WATER BODIES AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG OSHCHEPKOVA AN POLYKOVSKAYA NA SOURCE: GIG SANIT (3):7-11,1977 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, RAT NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 MOLYBDENUM; 7439-98-7 ASSAY METHOD: VIABILITY, FERTILITY AND MORTALITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL JOURNAL TITLE CODE:

GISAA TITLE ABBREVIATION: GIG SANIT YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/19703 222 TITLE: Non-Noble Catalysts and Catalyst Supports for Phosphoric-Acid Fuel Cells. 2ND Quarterly Report, December 1980-February 1981 AUTHORS: McAlister AJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Cleveland, OH. Lewis Research Center. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 23, 1981 ABSTRACT: TD3: Tungsten carbide, which is known to be active for hydrogen oxidation and CO tolerant has a hexagonal structure. Titanium carbide is inactive and has a cubic structure. Four different samples of the cubic alloys W/sub x-1i/sub x/C/sub 1-y/ were prepared and found to be active and CO tolerant. When the activities of these cubic alloys are weighted by the reciprocal of the square of the W exchange, they display magnitudes and dependence on bulk C deficiency comparable to those of highly active forms of WC. They may, therefore, offer important insight into the nature of the active sites on, and means for improving the performance of, W-C anode catalysts for use in phosphoric acid fuel cells. (ERA citation 81:025668) KEYWORDS: Acid electrolyte fuel cells Titanium carbides Tungsten carbides ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE81024393, 19p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC. Metallurgy Div Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198111 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE81024393 223 TITLE: AN INEXPENSIVE, RELIABLE BLOOD PB ANALYZER AUTHORS: LEEMAN JR AUTHOR ADDRESS: LEEMAN LABS, INC, 55 TECHNOLOGY DRIVE, LOWELL, MA 01851 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ DESCRIPTION: (Adapted form the applicant's abstract) The goal of this research is to develop a low-cost, reliable blood-Pb analyzer. The device will be a dedicated tungsten coil atomic absorption spectrometer. The atomizer will be the filament extracted from normal projector bulbs. A low cost, multi-channel charge coupled device will be the detector. Background correction will be performed by the near-line method. The finished instrument will meet or exceed the CDC's requirements for such a system. A detection limit less than 1 mg/dL for Pb in blood; a sample volume requirement less than 50 mL; an analysis time less than 2 minutes per sample; precision better than 5% RSD; accuracy greater than 95%; an automated system with the option of a manually controlled unit for portable applications; instrument and consumable costs competitive with existing technology; minimal operator training requirements. While these objectives may be unachievable if a wide variety of elements need to be determined in an array of different sample matrices, they become realistic when only a single element (Pb) must be determined repetitively in a single sample type (blood). The instrument will therefore be designed and optimized to perform the specific task required in this important application. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION: NOT AVAILABLE | KEYWORDS: clinical biomedical equipment biomedical equipment development blood toxicology analytical method atomic absorption spectrometry blood chemistry lead tungsten lead poisoning charge coupled device camera CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL

INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES COUNTRY OR STATE: MASSACHUSETTS ENTRY MONTH: 199904 ZIP CODE: 01851 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/99/RR13245-01 AWARD TYPE: G 224 TITLE: Assessment of Critical Metals in Waste Catalysts. AUTHORS: Hennion FJ Farkas J AUTHOR ADDRESS: INCO Research and Development Center, Inc., Suffern, NY. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1983 ABSTRACT: TD3: A survey was conducted of the U.S. catalyst industry for the purpose of defining critical metals usage and disposition. This report encompasses the petroleum, chemical, and environmental (industrial and automotive emission control) industries. Metals used for catalysts in these industries include nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, chromium, iron, copper, zinc, and precious metals--platinum, palladium, rhodium, rhenium, silver, and gold. In recent years, about 27 million pounds of non-noble metals have been consumed for catalysts annually. Over half of this, primarily metals of lower value or concentration, is currently not recycled. However, the more valuable nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, and tungsten are extensively recycled. About 1 million troy ounces of platinum-group metals are consumed annually for catalyst applications. The automotive industry uses over 60% of these metals and only a negligible amount is currently being recycled, although the technology for recovery has been de KEYWORDS: Catalysts Metals Materials recovery Solid wastes ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB83-144832, 170p

PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A08/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB83-144832 225 TITLE: Neutron activation analysis of airborne thorium liberated during welding operations. AUTHORS: Glasgow DC Robinson L Janjovic JT AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1996 ABSTRACT: TD3: Typically, reactive metals such as aluminum are welded using a thoriated tungsten welding electrode which is attached to a source of argon gas such that the local atmosphere around the weld is inert. During this process, some of the electrode is vaporized in the arc and is potentially liberated to the surrounding air. Because the electrode is consumed during welding, the electrode tip must be repeatedly dressed by grinding the tip to a fine point so that the optimal welding conditions are maintained. These grinding activities may also release thorium to the air. This study is being undertaken to provide additional data which may be useful in evaluating both the chemical toxicity risk and radiological dose assessment criteria associated with thoriated tungsten welding operations. Annual meeting of the American Nuclear Society (ANS), Reno, NV (United States), 16-20 Jun 1996. Sponsored by Department of Energy, Washington, DC. KEYWORDS: Thorium Welding ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE96005984, 5p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A01/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC.

ENTRY MONTH: 199610 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE96005984 226 TITLE: Three new case studies of pulmonary fibrosis in workers grinding tungsten-carbide-tipped tools AUTHORS: Meyer PD Stoeckel C Geist T Le Bouffant L Roegel E SOURCE: Poumon-coeur 1981, Vol.37, p.165-175. ABSTRACT: Detailed case studies, with background information on the clinical, radiological and lung function aspects of this disease, which is found not only in workers engaged in the manufacture of cemented carbides, but also in workers grinding cemented-carbide-tipped tools. Considerations on the course of the disease in workers no longer exposed, and compensation aspects. KEYWORDS: PULMONARY FIBROSIS CEMENTED CARBIDES TUNGSTEN CARBIDE TOOL GRINDERS RESPIRABLE DUST CASE STUDY CHEST RADIOGRAPHY RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS TRANSFER TO OTHER WORK COMPENSATION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES FRANCE ILO LANGUAGE: fre PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/82/00360 227 TITLE: Biomonitoring of genotoxic exposure among stainless steel welders. AUTHORS: Knudsen LE Boisen T Christensen JM Jelnes JE Jensen GE Jensen JC Lundgren K Lundsteen C Pedersen B Wassermann K et al AUTHOR ADDRESS: Danish National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen. SOURCE: Mutat Res 1992 May 16;279(2):129-43 ABSTRACT: A biosurvey in the Danish metal industry measured the genotoxic exposure from stainless steel welding. The study comprised measurements of chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in peripheral lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulin G. Environmental monitoring of welding fumes and selected metal oxides, biomonitoring of chromium and nickel in serum and urine and mutagenic activity in urine, and evaluation of semen quality were also done. Manual metal arc (MMA) welding and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding were the dominant welding processes. A higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations, classified as translocations, double minutes, exchanges and rings, was observed in stainless steel welders than in non-welders. SCE was lower in welders working with both MMA and TIG welding than in reference persons. N-Acetoxy-N-acetylaminofluorene (NA-AAF)-induced UDS was lower in 23 never-smoking welders than in 19 unexposed never-smokers. Smoking was a confounding factor resulting in significantly higher CA, SCE, NA-AAF binding to DNA and mutagenic activity in urine. Age was also a confounder: CA, SCE, NA-AAF binding to DNA and UDS increased significantly with age. No significant correlation between SCE and CA or between CA and UDS was found. UDS decreased significantly with increasing lymphocyte count and a higher lymphocyte count was seen in MMA welders than in reference persons and in smokers than in non-smokers. Differences in the composition among lymphocytes in exposed persons compared with non-exposed are suggested. MMA welding gave the highest exposure to chromium, an increased number of chromosomal aberrations and a decrease in SCE when compared with TIG welding. Consequently improvements in the occupational practice of stainless steel welding with MMA is recommended. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM,TA98 TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN

MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE BACTERIA SEX TREATED: MALE TISSUE CULTURED: LYMPHOCYTES CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS, BLOOD INDUCER (CAS RN): AROCLOR; 12767-79-2 ASSAY: EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS GENE MUTATIONS MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORY EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene/METABOLISM Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene/TOXICITY Adult Cell Count Cells, Cultured Chromium/BLOOD Chromium/URINE Chromosome Aberrations Denmark DNA/BIOSYNTHESIS Environmental Monitoring Human IgG/ANALYSIS Lymphocytes Male Middle Age Mutagenicity Tests *Mutagens Nickel/BLOOD Nickel/URINE *Occupational Exposure Regression Analysis Sister Chromatid Exchange Smoking Steel Support, Non-U.S. Gov't *Welding CAS REGISTRY NO CAS NO CAS NO CAS NO CAS NUMBERS: RN RN RN RN

NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 6098-44-8 12767-79-2 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0027-5107 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199208 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NNA TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutat Res YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/92269875 EMIC/87369 LAST REVISION DATE: 19960223 228 TITLE: Effect Of Short-Term Exposure To Five Industrial Metals On The Embryonic And Fetal Development Of The Mouse AUTHORS: Wide M SOURCE: Environmental Research, Vol. 33, No. 1, pages 47-53, 23 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: Effects of short term exposure to aluminum (7429905), cobalt (7440484), molybdenum (7439987), vanadium (7440622), and tungsten (7440337) on embryonic and fetal development were investigated in NMRI-mice. Female mice were mated and received intravenous injections of metal solutions late on day 3 or early on day 8 of pregnancy. Mice were killed 2 days prior to parturition on day 17 of pregnancy. Fetuses were dissected and uterine horns were examined for resorbed embryos. Fetuses were counted and examined for malformations. Implantation rate in control mice was 71 percent, with an average litter size of nine; none of the metal compounds given on day 3 interfered with implantation or subsequent developmental stages. Fetuses from metal treated groups did not differ from those of controls in number per litter, weight, or external and internal morphology. In mice given 100 millimoles per liter aluminum, there was a higher frequency of fetuses with internal hemorrhage, especially of

abdominal cavity: 31 of 43 fetuses compared with 14 of 81 in controls. Molybdenum given on day 8 caused decreases in mean fetal weight. Mice exposed to tungsten on day 8 showed a resorption frequency of 31 of 159, which was significantly different from control values of 19 in 265 implantations. Aluminum, cobalt, molybdenum, and vanadium given on day 8 of pregnancy all caused a low degree of skeletal ossification, with vanadium giving the highest frequency of less mature skeletons (71 percent); broken spinal cords were seen in six fetuses in the vanadium exposed group. The author concludes that none of the metal compounds show any interference with implantation, but all of the metals significantly affected fetal development at high doses. KEYWORDS: DCN-132510 Medical research Animal studies Biological effects Qualitative analysis Metals Embryotoxicity Reproductive effects Pathomorphology Toxicopathology Comparative toxicology Dose response CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-48-4 7439-98-7 7440-62-2 7440-33-7 CODEN: ENVRAL ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00145180 229 TITLE: Chromium, Manganese, Nickel, And Other Elements AUTHORS: Smith TJ Blough S SOURCE: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, pages 491-510, 96 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Occupational hazards associated with a number of elements are reviewed. While trivalent chromium (7440473) compounds are not very toxic,

hexavalent compounds are irritants and corrosives, with acute symptoms and a risk of lung cancer resulting from long term exposure. Manganese (7439965) compounds are acute irritants and chronic exposure causes pulmonary symptoms and neurological effects. Exposure to soluble nickel (7440020) compounds can cause severe nasal damage. Chronic exposure is associated with nasal and lung cancers. Yellow phosphorus (7723140) poses risks of acute and chronic poisoning and phosphorus compounds have toxic qualities requiring great care in their use. Compounds of selenium (7782492) present occupational risks. Hydrogen-selenide is more toxic than hydrogen-sulfide. Dusts of selenium-dioxide are irritants to eyes, nose, and throat. There are acute hazards from exposure to silver (7440224) compounds. Chronic ingestion of silver can result in deposition of pigment in the body. The toxicology of compounds of tellurium (13494809) is quite similar to that of analogous compounds of selenium. Tin (7440315) salts can be highly irritating and organic tin can cause burns. Alkyl and aromatic tin compounds are potent neurotoxins. The major problem associated with occupational exposure to tungsten (7440337) is respiratory disease caused by cemented tungsten-carbide dust. Most zinc (7440666) compounds have no important toxic properties, but zinc-chloride is an exception, being highly corrosive to skin and the respiratory tract. Symptoms of exposure to antimony (7440360) are often confused with those of exposure to arsenic (7440382). Ingested cobalt (7440484) has caused cases of cardiomyopathy. Cobalt has chronic effects on several body systems. Whether toxicity is acute or chronic, the mechanism of copper (7440508) toxicity is due to the inhibition of sulfhydryl groups. Molybdenum (7439987), osmium (7440042), thallium (7440280), and vanadium (7440622) have relatively few industrial uses but each is toxic, and risk must be considered in their handling. KEYWORDS: DCN-137043 Occupational accidents Blood sampling Trace metals Blood poisoning Environmental control equipment Trace analysis Occupational medicine Toxicology Blood cells Trace substances Toxic materials CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7439-96-5 7440-02-0 7723-14-0 7782-49-2 7440-22-4 13494-80-9 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7439-98-7

7440-04-2 7440-28-0 7440-62-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150577 230 TITLE: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMBINED EFFECT ON THE BODY OF POWDER METALS DURING THE INHALATION ROUTE OF UPTAKE AUTHORS: UBAIDULLAEV RU IDIYATULLINA FK KAMIL'DZHANOV A KH SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (4). 1983. 71-73. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM TUNGSTEN MOLYBDENUM AIR POLLUTION METAL POLLUTION CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 198405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/84/06827 231 TITLE: Effect on the Body of Artificial Dust Mixtures (Rare Earth Metal Oxides Mixed With Silicon Dioxide) AUTHORS: Mogilevskaya OYa SOURCE: Gigiena i Sanitariia, Vol. 26, No. 9, pages 18-23, 5 references, 19611961

ABSTRACT: The potentiating effects of silicon-dioxide (14808607) on the toxicity of rare earths was studied in white-rats. Rats received single intratracheal instillations of mixtures of 47.5 milligrams (mg) rare earth plus 2.5mg silicon-dioxide or the rare earth alone. Animals were observed for 4 and 8 months and then killed and examined grossly and histopathologically. The rare earths used were molybdenum-trioxide (1313275), zirconium-dioxide (1314234), titanium-dioxide (13463677) and tungsten-trioxide (1314358), molybdenum-trioxide and silicon-dioxide produced emphysema of the lungs. Histology showed hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue around the bronchi and vessels and perivascular and peribronchial sclerosis. There was proliferation and thickening of the interalveolar septa and thickening of collagen fibers of the bronchial lymph nodes. The changes were similar to those found with the rare earth alone except they were more severe. Zirconium-dioxide and silicon-dioxide produced pulmonary emphysema and enlarged bronchial glands. Histology revealed severe chronic bronchitis, metaplasia of the bronchial epithelium, hyperplasia of peribronchial lymph glands, and hyperplasia and presence of epitheloid cells in lymph glands. Fibrogenic and proliferative changes and sclerosis were also seen. Only the latter changes occurred with the rare earth alone. Titanium-trioxide and silicon-dioxide treatment produced bronchial glands, thickened alveolar septa, perivascular sclerosis, lymph gland hyperplasia, and diffused pulmonary fibrosis. Tungsten-trioxide and silicon-dioxide produced emphysema, enlarged lymph glands, and general fibrotic and sclerotic reactions. The author concludes that silicon-dioxide potentiates the action of rare earths and in the instance of zirconium-dioxide provokes changes that differ from that of the pure oxide. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-120878 TRANS Dust exposure Lung irritants Lymphatic system disorders Medical research Metallic poisoning Particulate dust Pathogenicity Respiratory irritants Animal studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 1313-27-5 1314-23-4 13463-67-7 1314-35-8 CODEN: CISAAA ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1961 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129718

232 TITLE: Inexpensive sources for solar simulation in photostability testing. AUTHORS: SAYRE RM DOWDY JC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Rapid Precision Testing Laboratories, Cordova, TN, USA. SOURCE: TWENTY SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, JULY 10-15,1999.YPHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY; 69 (SPEC. ISSUE.). 1999. 57S. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM INEXPENSIVE SOURCES FOR SOLAR SIMULATION IN PHOTOSTABILITY TESTINGYMEETING ABSTRACT PHOTOSTABILITY TESTING SOLAR SIMULATION TUNGSTEN MERCURY TUNGSTEN MERCURY SOLAR SIMULATION SOURCE FLUORESCENT SOLAR SIMULATION SOURCE QUARTZ HALOGEN SOLAR SIMULATION SOURCE INDOOR TANNING INDUSTRY PHOSPHOR UVB RADIATION FLUORESCENT BULBS UVA RADIATION ECONOMICS METHODOLOGY RADIATION BIOLOGY ANALYTICAL METHOD EQUIPMENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOPHYSICS/METHODS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PHCBA ENTRY MONTH: 200005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/05947 233 TITLE: Tungsten-rhodium permanent chemical modifier for cadmium determination in fish slurries by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: LIMA EC KRUG FJ

FERREIRA AT BARBOSA F JR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cent. Energ. Nucl. Agric., Univ. Sao Paulo, Postal Box 96, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 14 (2). 1999. 269-274. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A tungsten carbide-rhodium coating on the integrated platform of a transversely heated graphite atomizer was used as a permanent chemical modifier for the determination of Cd in fish slurries by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Slurries were sonicated for 25 s before being delivered to the previously W-Rh treated platform. The number of fish particles introduced into the atomizer for delivery of a 20 mul slurry aliquot ranged from 7900 to 47000. It was demonstrated that coating with 250 mug of W + 200 mug of Rh is as efficient as a Pd+Mg (NO3)2 conventional modifier for obtaining good Cd recoveries (93.4-103.5%). The permanent W-Rh modifier remains stable for approximately 300 firings when 20 mul of slurries containing up to 1.5% m/v are delivered into the atomizer. In addition, the permanent modifier increases the tube lifetime by 50-90% compared with untreated integrated platforms. Also, there is less degradation of sensitivity during the atomizer lifeti MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199905 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/05986 234

TITLE: Genotoxic effects in bacteria of the light emitted by halogen tungsten lamps having treated quartz bulbs. AUTHORS: CAMOIRANO A BENNICELLI C BAGNASCO M DE FLORA S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, via A. Pastore 1, I-16132, Genoa, Italy. SOURCE: MUTATION RESEARCH; 441 (1). 1999. 21-27. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Traditional halogen tungsten lamps, which are extensively used worldwide for the illumination of indoor environments, have a quartz bulb which transmits not only visible light but also ultraviolet (UV) light. Due to the output of far-UV wavelengths, halogen lamps were found in previous studies to be potently genotoxic in bacteria, clastogenic in cultured human cells, and carcinogenic in hairless mice. This discovery prompted the launching of new halogen lamps, known as UV-Stop, UV-Block, or simi eated quartz bulb, which were made available by five producers as blind-coded samples. After exposure to either 1000 lx for 30 min or 2500 lx for 60 min, the 50 W lamps from two producers were borderline mutagenic in strains TA100 and TA104 of S. typhimurium, and induced an evident and dose-related DNA damage in the E. coli strain CM871 (uvrA- recA- lexA-), as compared to its isogenic, DNA repair-proficient counterpart WP2. The 50 W lamps supplied by the other three producers als MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION DIAGNOSIS SKIN NEOPLASMS BACTERIA/CLASSIFICATION BACTERIA/GENETICS VIRUSES/GENETICS ENTEROBACTERIACEAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-General Integumentary System-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-General Bacteriology Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses Enterobacteriaceae (1992- ) Muridae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUREA ENTRY MONTH:

199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/16787 235 TITLE: DUCTILE IRON CASK WITH ENCAPSULATED URANIUM TUNGSTEN OR OTHER DENSE METAL SHIELDING US PATENT-4868400. SEPTEMBER 19 1989 AUTHORS: BARNHART VJ ANDERSON RT SOURCE: OFF GAZ U S PAT TRADEMARK OFF PAT; 1106 (3). 1989. 2036. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM USCL-250-506.1 URANIUM TUNGSTEN HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RADIATION WASTE MANAGEMENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION SANITATION SEWAGE RADIATION DOSAGE KEYWORDS: Radiation-General Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-61-1 7440-61-1 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: OGUPE ENTRY MONTH: 198912 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/35789 236 TITLE: Toolbox for health risk related decisions.

AUTHORS: Easterly CE Jones TD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1997 ABSTRACT: TD3: Development efforts since the late 1970s have resulted in a generalized method for ranking health hazards. This method provides the basis for a wide range of applications where decisions are needed for allocating resources on the basis of health risk considerations. It has been used for more than a decade to solve real problems, and it is supported by 23 publications in the open literature. The diversity of this generalized methodology allows us to provide support in a great number of problem areas. we give four examples in this manuscript: the relative toxicities of petroleum mixtures; a method to derive Emergency Response Planning Guides; an estimate of the possible carcinogenic potency of tungsten, an alternative material to depleted uranium for heavy armor penetrators; and an approach to low dose extrapolation. Our experience suggests that many more applications of the original concept and variations on it can be of utility in military situations. Some potentially fruitful areas may be in th KEYWORDS: Health Hazards Petroleum Products Toxins Tungsten ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE96014700, 11p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE96014700 237 TITLE: Determination of lead in blood by chelation with ammonium pyrrolidine dithio-carbamate followed by tungsten-coil atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: SALIDO A SANFORD CL

JONES BT AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109-7486, USA. SOURCE: SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY; 54 (8). 1999. 1167-1176. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An inexpensive, bench-top blood Pb analyzer has been developed. The system is based on tungsten-coil atomic absorption spectrometry. Pb atomization occurs on W-coils extracted from commercially available slide projector bulbs. The system has minimal power requirements: 120 ACV and 15 A. A small, computer-controlled CCD spectrometer is used as the detector. A Pb hollow cathode lamp is used as the source. Blood Pb is chelated with ammonium pyrrolidine dithio-carbamate and extracted into methyl iso es of merit for the system are: 12-pg instrument detection limit, 24-pg blood detection limit and acharacteristic mass of 28 pg. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): COMPUTER SYSTEMS BIOLOGY DOCUMENTATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY KEYWORDS: General Biology-Information Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Toxicology-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SAASB ENTRY MONTH: 199911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/23030 238 TITLE: The Ultra-Violet Absorption Spectra of Some Complex Aromatic Hydrocarbons II

AUTHORS: Mayneord WV Roe EMF SOURCE: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Vol. 158, pages 634-650, 14 references, 19371937 ABSTRACT: The ultraviolet absorption spectra of 17 aromatic hydrocarbons were obtained. The compounds included equilin (474862), estrone (53167), estradiol (50282), hexahydrophenanthrene (16896369), cholanthrene (479232), benzene (71432), naphthalene (91203), anthracene (120127), and phenanthrene (85018). The compounds were dissolved in ethyl-alcohol and the spectra were obtained at room temperature, except for benzene for which the spectra were measured at temperatures down to 120 degrees-C below zero. The spectra were obtained on a spectrograph with quartz optics. A tungsten steel spark with a 4 millimeter gap, was used as the source except for the naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene spectra which were obtained using a hydrogen discharge tube operated at 3000 volts. Molecular structures containing a single benzenoid ring in which a hydroxide group was present, as in estrone and equilin, showed very similar spectra. The low temperature spectra of benzene showed an increase in the extinction coefficients of the band maxima, as great as 50 percent in some cases. The positions of the band maxima remained constant. Preliminary investigations of the spectra of naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene using the hydrogen source showed a much greater definition of fine absorption detail than obtained previously with the tungsten source. (Part 2 of 2) KEYWORDS: DCN-121060 Chemical composition Absorption spectrophotometry Analytical chemistry Analytical processes Ultraviolet spectrometry Aromatic hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons Chemical structure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 474-86-2 474-86-2 53-16-7 50-28-2 16896-36-9 479-23-2 71-43-2 91-20-3 120-12-7 85-01-8 CODEN: PRLBA4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1937 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00133274 239 TITLE: Cobalt. AUTHORS: BARCELOUX DG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Topanga, CA, 90290, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY; 37 (2). 1999. 201-216. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Cobalt is a relatively rare magnetic element with properties similar to iron and nickel. The two valance states are cobaltous (II) and cobaltic (III) and the former is the most common valance used in the chemical industry. Cobalt occurs in nature primarily as arsenides, oxides, and sulfides. Most of the production of cobalt involves the metallic form used in the formation of cobalt superalloys. The term "hard metal" refers to compounds containing tungsten carbide (80-95%) combined with matrices ecessary for the formation of vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin); however, excessive administration ofthis trace element produces goiter and reduced thyroid activity. In 1966, the syndrome "beer drinker's cardiomyopathy" appeared in Quebec City, Canada, and was characterized by pericardial effusion, elevated hemoglobin concentrations, and congestive heart failure. An interstitial pulmonary fibrosis has been associated with industrial exposure to hard metal dust (tungsten and cobalt), MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS SKIN POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY IMMUNITY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Cardiovascular System-General Integumentary System-General Toxicology-General Immunology and Immunochemistry-General Hominidae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JTCTD

ENTRY MONTH: 199911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/24697 240 TITLE: Prolonged Lymphocytopenia In The Rat. The Immunological Consequences Of Lymphocyte Depletion Following Injection Of 185W Tungsten Trioxide Into The Spleen Or Lymph Nodes AUTHORS: Roser B Ford WL SOURCE: Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science, Vol. 50, No. 2, pages 185-198, 32 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: The effects of lymphocyte depletion on responses to antigenic complexes were studied in rats. Female rats and were rendered lymphocytopenic by intrasplenic injection of 250 microCuries radiolabeled tungsten-trioxide (1314358) or splenectomy 4 weeks prior to intraperitoneal (ip) injection of sheep erythrocytes. Serum hemolysin response was determined for 14 days following erythrocyte injection, and again after 5 weeks. Other rats given the intrasplenic isotope injection 5 weeks previously, and control rats were injected ip with 10 micrograms flagella of Salmonella and the primary agglutinin response was monitored for 14 days. The secondary Salmonella response was determined in another group primed with ip Salmonella prior to isotope injection into spleen and cervical lymph nodes. Survival times of skin allografts between weak antigen (identical) strains and between strong antigen (different) strains were observed in controls, animals splenectomized 3 weeks previously, and rats given intrasplenic or intrasplenic plus intranodal isotope injections 3 to 5 weeks previously. Compared to splenectomized animals, the primary hemolysin responses of lymphocytopenic rats were initially depressed by 2 to 4 log 2 units, but were similar after the recovery period. Compared to normal controls, the primary Salmonella agglutinin response of lymphocytopenic rats was depressed by 2 to 6 log 2 units, while the secondary response was depressed by 0.5 to 1.5 units. Skin allografts between identical rats survived 8 to 11 days in controls and splenectomized rats, 15 to 19 days in intrasplenically injected rats, and 12 to 52 days in rats given both types of injections. Survival times of skin allografts between different strains differed by only 1 to 2 days between lymphocytopenic and control groups. The authors conclude that lymphocytopenia induced by isotope injection has widely varying immunosuppressive effects. KEYWORDS: DCN-124227 Animal studies Immune system Dose response Serological techniques Biological effects

Skin exposure Blood analysis Physiological response Biological factors CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-35-8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136264 241 TITLE: Study of chemical modifiers for the determination of chromium in biological materials by tungsten coil electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: BRUHN CG NEIRA JY GUZMAN MI DARDER MM NOBREGA JA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Depto. de Analisis Instrumental, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 364 (3). 1999. 273-278. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The determination of Cr in digest solutions of mussels and non-fat milk powder by tungsten coil electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry (TC-ETAAS) is affected by interferences. This study reports a critical evaluation of chemical modifiers that could be employed to correct these interferences. The chemical modifiers tested were: Mg (as Mg(NO3)2), Pd (as Pd(NO3)2), NH4NO3, ascorbic acid, and mixtures of these compounds. The less effective modifier was NH4NO3. The best effects, consider MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/18846 242 TITLE: Hard Metal Disease: A Multidisciplinary Evaluation of Two Cases AUTHORS: Fischbein A Abraham JL Horowitz SF Hailoo WL Cohen BA Rizzo JN Rohl AN Selikoff IJ SOURCE: New York State Journal of Medicine, Vol. 86, No. 11, pages 600-603, 30 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: Hard metal disease was reported in two patients, with an emphasis on radiographic and cardiopulmonary findings. Causative agents in these cases were identified through tissue analysis. Dyspnea on exertion had been experienced by a 44 year old man for the past 13 years. Wheezing and nonradiating pain in the upper chest developed during the previous two to three years. The patient's working history included time on an assembly line in a machine shop, sandblasting, and manufacturing hard metal tools. In this final position he handled tungsten-carbide, cobalt (7440484), and other hard metals such as tantalum (7440257), titanium (7440326), and niobium (7440031). He sawed bricks made of hard metal compressed powder,

ground tools, cleaned the floor, and sieved the sweepings for reuse. During the early years there was inadequate ventilation at the factory. The second case involved a 39 year old male who had also experienced shortness of breath for 13 years. For five years this man's major job had been to grind compressed tungsten-carbide pieces. Similar exposure was also noted to cobalt and other hard metals. In each case microchemical analysis of lung tissue aided in identifying the etiology of the interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-151399 Hard metal workers Hard metal disease Lung fibrosis Lung irritants Metal workers Metal refining Metallurgy CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-25-7 7440-32-6 7440-03-1 CODEN: NYSJAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00164796 243 TITLE: Preatomization Separation of Chromium(III) from Chromium(VI) in the Graphite Furnace AUTHORS: Arpadjan S Krivan V SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 58, No. 13, pages 2611-2614, 22 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: The separation of chromium(III) (7440473) from chromium(VI) in different media via volatilization of chromium(III)-trifluoroacetylacetonate in the graphite furnace was investigated. Doubly distilled water, rain water, Danube River water, and urine samples were examined. Trifluoroacetylacetone, 10 milliliters (ml), 20ml 25 percent tetramethylammonium-hydroxide solution in methyl-alcohol, and 20ml of a 0.5 molar aqueous sodium-acetate solution were mixed, allowed to sit at room temperature for 1 hour, and then water samples were mixed with equal volumes of the solution; urine samples were diluted with three times their

volumes. Aliquots of 5 to 20 microliters of the samples were injected into the tube which was then placed in the furnace. The temperature program consisted of an increase to 130 degrees-C over 20 seconds for drying with a hold time of 40 seconds; a 1 second increase to 400 degrees for chromium(III) volatilization (hold time 300 seconds); a 10 second increase to 1200 degrees for charring (40 second hold time); and a 1 second increase to 2700 degrees for atomization (hold time 10 seconds). Results were compared to those obtained with atomic absorption spectrometry. Yields for preatomization removal of chromium(III) were higher with tungsten coated tubes than with uncoated or pyrolytically coated tubes. In the temperature range 400 to 1000 degrees, 90 percent chromium(III) was removed for uncoated and coated tubes without the Lvov platform and 96 percent from tungsten coated tubes without the Lvov platform. Chromium(VI) was quantitatively retained in all types of tubes in the temperature range from 200 to 1200 degrees. Comparison with atomic absorption spectrometric results showed good agreement. The authors conclude that this procedure provides a simple method for the determination of chromium(VI) in the presence of chromium(III). KEYWORDS: DCN-151935 Analytical chemistry Analytical methods Chromium compounds Environmental pollution Hexavalent chromium compounds Quantitative analysis Water analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 CODEN: ANCHAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00165317 244 TITLE: Trace Metal Lung Disease: Hard Metal Pneumoconiosis. A Case Report. AUTHORS: Edel J Pietra R Sabbioni E Rizzato G Speziali M SOURCE: Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica, Vol. 59, Supplement 7, pages 52-55, 4 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: A case was reported of a subject who worked for 13 years as a grinder

cutting hard metals, who developed diffuse interstitial fibrosis and severe perivascular and peribronchial fibrosis. For 3 years after stopping work, he submitted to further clinical examinations. In-vitro experiments were also carried out, using radiotracer and nuclear techniques. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) determined more than 20 elements in the lung biopsy, in biological fluids, and in workplace dust. Results indicated an excessive concentration of tungsten (7440337) (W), 107,000 parts per billion (ppb), tantalum (7440257) (Ta) (32500ppb), and to a lesser extent, cobalt (7440484) (Co) (2440ppb) in pulmonary tissue. In bronchoalveolar lavage, Ta was 10000 times higher than in controls, W was 40 times higher, and Co was two times higher. Blood levels were similar except for W. Co was the most soluble of the elements, suggesting that deposition sites other than the lungs exist. In-vitro radiotracer experiments using Ta-182, W-187, and Co-60, and gel filtration techniques showed that the highest amount of all three elements was present in the soluble cytoplasmatic fraction. In-vitro experiments on the binding of Co-60 with human lung and blood components showed that a small, but significant, amount is able to bind with macromolecules, which may account for its long retention. The highest amount of Ta was strongly bound to proteins, possibly explaining the still high amounts of Ta in the blood of workers 3 years after the end of exposure. KEYWORDS: DCN-153353 Case studies Metal workers Metals Lung disorders Pulmonary system disorders Workplace studies Respirable dust Trace substances CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: APTOA6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00166637 245 TITLE: Bronchopulmonary Diseases Caused by Hard Metal Dusts AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Early Detection of Occupational Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, pages 26-29, 19861986

ABSTRACT: The bronchopulmonary diseases caused by exposure to hard metal dusts were discussed. The term hard metal has been used to describe sintered metal carbides of tungsten (7440337) containing small amounts of other metals, bonded together by cobalt (7440484), iron (7439896), or nickel (7440020). According to the authors, workers at risk for bronchopulmonary diseases caused by exposure to dusts of these hard metals include those involved in the production of the sintered carbides, the manufacturing of tools and machine parts, and the sharpening of the tools produced. The pathway for the dusts into the body is through the lungs. Insoluble dust particles remain in the lungs while soluble components are carried by the blood to other parts of the body. In order to accurately assess exposure, both respirable and total dust concentrations should be measured. Various clinical symptoms occur including cough, allergic rhinitis, asthma like dyspnea, and dyspnea on exertion. Linear markings and reticular shadows of varying opacity are present on chest x-rays. Lung function tests show classic symptoms of respiratory insufficiency. On exertion, oxyhemoglobin hyposaturation of the arterial blood occurs along with a decline in carbon-monoxide diffusion. The disease has been caused by an airborne dust concentration of 100 to 6000 respirable particles per cubic milliliter of air. Individuals having other respiratory diseases are considered to be at greater risk. Control measures include the use of proper ventilation equipment to maintain the concentration of fibers below the level of concern. The use of personal protective equipment is essential. KEYWORDS: DCN-160559 Lung disorders Pulmonary function tests Bronchial asthma Bronchial cancer Machinists Dust inhalation Airborne fibers Airborne dusts Risk analysis Metallic dusts CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 7439-89-6 7440-02-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00171733 246 TITLE: Anti-Slip Studs for Safety Footwear

AUTHORS: Ramsay HT Senneck CR SOURCE: Applied Ergonomics, Vol. 3, No. 4, pages 219-223, 3 references., 19721972 ABSTRACT: Because an increasing proportion of accidents occurring in British coal mines are attributable to workmen losing their balance and stumbling, falling, or slipping, laboratory tests were undertaken to investigate friction between footwear and floor. Three surface materials were tested under five conditions: clean dry, clean wet, muddy, covered with clay, and greasy. Footwear tested on each of these surfaces included hob nailed boots, a safety wellington, a rubber soled safety boot, and a wooden clog. Measurements of the force needed to produce slipping were made. These measurements indicated that while the typical rubber soled footwear worn by miners gave excellent grip under clean conditions, it has reduced grip on greasy or muddy floors. Hob nailed boots and wooden clogs were found to give less grip on clean surfaces, but less variability. In general, the better the grip was under clean conditions, the worse it was when the surface had a lubricating layer. Rubber soled boots fitted with tungsten-carbide (11107010) tipped studs gave acceptable grip on clean surfaces with no detectable change in grip on contaminated surfaces. Studs manufactured for use in automobile snow tires were inserted by means of a compressed air gun into predrilled holes in the rubber soles of the tested boots in a pattern specifying seven per toe and five per heel. Under actual working conditions, the studs were lost at the rate of one per 10-12 weeks. Subjective reports by miners indicated substantial improvement in maintaining balance while wearing the studded boots. Current investigation indicates that the hazard due to ignition of methane (74828) by sparking of tungsten-carbide studs is approximately in the same range as the hazard due to hob nails or other steel fittings. Application of studs during the manufacturing process is suggested as more efficient than inserting studs into the soles of finished boots. KEYWORDS: DCN-155165 Mine workers Personal protective equipment Safety equipment Skid resistance Walking surfaces Protective clothing Safety clothing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11107-01-0 11107-01-0 74-82-8 CODEN: AERGBW ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NIOSH/00090444 247 TITLE: Reduction in Frictional Ignition Due to Conical Coal-Cutting Bits AUTHORS: Cheng L Furno AL Courtney WG SOURCE: Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations, U.S. Department of the Interior, Report RI 9134, 13 pages, 8 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: A study was conducted on the relationship between frictional ignition and the physical chemical properties of the material of coal cutting bits. In addition, the results were presented of an assessment of the importance of the cutting geometry and bit wear on frictional ignition. It was pointed out that the study was motivated by the continuing problem of ignition of methane air mixtures in coal mines during mining operations. In the experimental setup, a single nonrotating conical bit was mounted on a 3 foot diameter segment of a cutter drum from a commercial ripper type continuous mining machine and positioned in front of a 22 by 20 by 22 inch block of Berea sandstone in which a series of slanted cuts were made. Double angle tungsten-carbide tipped commercial bits were compared to steel tipped bits. The wider the bit attack angle the more strikes were needed for ignition to occur. With an initial tip angle of 90 degrees, the number of strikes for ignition increased from seven to 21 as the attack angle was increased from 50 to 62 degrees. The ignition hazard was reduced by a factor of seven to ten with carbide tipped bits compared to steel tipped bits. With a new frozen (nonrotating) conical bit, the number of strikes for ignition increased by a factor of three for a 10 degree increase in the angle of the bit attack angle. The authors conclude that tungsten-carbide bits have lower incendivity than do steel bits, but they recommend caution in interpretation of the results due to the wide scatter of the data. KEYWORDS: DCN-162497 Coal mining Mining equipment Ignitability Gas mixtures Ignition point Explosive gases Mine gases Combustible gases ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00174724 248

TITLE: Shielding Requirements for Mammography AUTHORS: Simpkin DJ SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 53, No. 3, pages 267-279, 14 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: A technique for calculating the shielding requirements of mammography units was presented. Measurements were taken of the scatter to incident ratio of a typical mammography beam. Calculations were made for several representative beam spectra of the broad beam transmission and were found to compare favorably with published data on low kilovolt peak (kVp) tungsten targeted x-ray transmissions through a variety of shielding materials. Tables were constructed of radiation shielding values using the calculated transmissions through lead, concrete, gypsum, steel, plate glass, and water. The technique used eliminated the add one half value layer rule. The calculations indicated that only half the barrier thickness used for shielding against tungsten targeted beams operated at 50kVp was required by molybdenum targeted x-ray beams operated at 35kVp. The author suggests that alternatives to lead shielding should be considered from a cost effective viewpoint with particular consideration given to barrier materials such as multiple thicknesses of gypsum in walls and steel doors. There was no significant difference between the shielding requirements for glass and beryllium windowed molybdenum targeted tubes. For uncontrolled secondary barriers at large distances and relatively low workload use factor/occupancy factor products, with 30kVp molybdenum targeted tube, water equivalent solid wood doors may be acceptable. KEYWORDS: DCN-159462 Radiologists Radiology Radiation exposure Health care personnel Safety equipment Safety measures X ray diagnosis X ray equipment Diagnostic techniques Radiation shielding Radiation shielding materials CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00172466 249 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-85-423-1904, General Electric

Company, Evendale, Ohio AUTHORS: Burr G Singal M SOURCE: Hazard Evaluation and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-85-423-1904, 23 pages, 52 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: In response to a request from the International Association of Machinists, Local Lodge 912 a study was made of possible health hazards at the General Electric Company (SIC-3541), Evendale, Ohio. Workers were exposed to dusts generated during the grinding of tools and other components containing tungsten-carbide. Employee exposure to cobalt (7440484), nickel (7440020), chromium (7440473), tungsten (7440337), and total and respirable dust levels were evaluated for 15 machinists working in two cutting and grinding areas. Concentrations of nickel ranged from nondetectable to 20 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3), time weighted average, which exceeded the NIOSH recommended level of 15microg/m3. Other metals were below permissible levels. A group of 41 individuals participated in a medical study including chest x-ray and determination of blood and urine cobalt concentrations. No evidence of hard metal disease was noted on the 38 x-rays taken. Only two of ten participants had detectable blood cobalt levels. Of 63 urine specimens, 19 showed detectable cobalt. The authors conclude that a potential hazard existed from airborne exposure to nickel in cutter/grinding areas, and that a potential health hazard from cobalt exposure existed in Building 500. The authors recommend the use of appropriate respiratory protection for workers exposed to cobalt or inorganic nickel, and improvements in local exhaust ventilation systems. KEYWORDS: DCN-171066 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author HETA 85 423 1904 NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report Region 5 Hazard Confirmed Airborne dusts Metal dusts Metal workers Respiratory protection CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00182293 250 TITLE: THE ROLE OF BACTERIA IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF TUNGSTEN MINERALS AUTHORS: CHASHCHINA NM LYALIKOVA NN SOURCE: MIKROBIOLOGIYA; 58 (1). 1989. 122-126. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM JAROSITE WOLFRAMITE MANGANESE IRON TUNGSTEN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES SOIL MICROBIOLOGY BACTERIA KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Microbiological Apparatus Soil Microbiology Bacteria-Unspecified (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12207-14-6 12207-14-6 7440-33-7 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 1332-08-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: MIKBA ENTRY MONTH: 198909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/25832 251 TITLE: EFFECT OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN ON MAMMARY CARCINOGENESIS IN

SPRAGUE-DAWLEY SD RATS AUTHORS: WEI H LUO X YANG X SOURCE: ZHONGHUA ZHONGLIU ZAZHI; 9 (3). 1987. 204-207. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM DIET TUMOR GROWTH MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIET IATROGENIC DISEASE GENITALIA/PATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY REPRODUCTION POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY CARCINOGENS MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-Pathogenic Diets Reproductive System-Pathology Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Developmental Biology-Embryology-Morphogenesis Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 684-93-5 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: CCLCD ENTRY MONTH: 198801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/00297 252 TITLE: Spectra Of Optical Radiation From Welding Arcs AUTHORS: Okuno T

SOURCE: Industrial Health, Vol. 23, No. 1, pages 53-70, 2 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: Spectra of optical radiation from the arcs of welding processes were determined under 14 welding conditions. The conditions were divided into three groups by welding processes. The first group was shielded metal arc welding; the second group was gas shielded arc welding with a consumable electrode; and the third group utilized tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding and self shielded arc welding. For each of these conditions, arc current and arc voltage were determined mainly by the adopted wire. A monochromator with a multiple detection head was placed about 1.5 meters from the arc. The wavelength ranges were approximately 300 to 800 nanometers (nm), 500 to 1,000nm, and occasionally 200 to 320nm. The measurement was repeated 2 or 3 times under each welding condition and for each wavelength range. Spectra acquired under the same welding conditions had the same shape, including minute spectral lines. The spectrum of welding indicated the characteristics of welding conditions, such as process welding material, and shielding gas. The 14 spectra were somewhat similar in shape except for number 9 (metal inert gas shielded welding of aluminum) and number 10 (tungsten inert gas shielded welding of stainless steel). The relative spectrum was generally independent of the diameter of wire, arc current, and arc voltage when the other parameters were fixed. The author concludes that relative spectrum is determined by the welding material, regardless of the other parameters. KEYWORDS: DCN-137441 Research Quantitative analysis Industrial equipment Electromagnetic radiation Physical properties Occupational exposure Equipment operators Quantitative analysis Welders Radiation exposure Radiation measurement CODEN: INHEAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00151105 253 TITLE: Determination of traces of sulfur by electrothermal evaporation and non-thermal excitation of sulfur-containing species in a hollow cathode discharge (FANES) and in a microwave induced plasma (MIP). AUTHORS: DITTRICH K

FUCHS H BERNDT H BROEKAERT J AC SCHALDACH G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Karl-Marx-Univ., Sect. Chem., Analytical Cent., DDR-7010 Leipzig, GDR. SOURCE: FRESENIUS J ANAL CHEM; 336 (4). 1990. 303-310. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The determination of sulphur by emission of S-atoms, S+ ions, S2 and CS molecules using sulphate and other ions was investigated in such non-thermal excitation sources as the normal atmospheric argon-MIP and glow discharge in FANES (Furnace Nonthermal Excitation Spectrometry/Molecular Nonthermal Excitation Spectrometry). In both cases electrothermal evaporation (ETE) of the sample is applied. In the MIP technique (ETE-MIP) electrothermal evaporation from a new tungsten coil system is used and in the FANES samples are brought in the furnace. The thermal, electrical, chemical and pressure conditions were optimized and the emission spectra recorded. Detection limits are 90 ng for the ETE-MIP technique using the S 469.413 nm atom line. With the tungsten tube-FANES/MONES detection limits of 17 ng are obtained with S2 molecular band at 383.73 nm. With FANES/MONES in a carbon tube and measurements on CS molecular bands a detection limit of 2 ng is obtained. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7704-34-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/28866 254 TITLE: Trace metal lung disease: In vitro interaction of hard metals with human lung and plasma components.

AUTHORS: EDEL J SABBIONI E PIETRA R ROSSI A TORRE M RIZZATO G FRAIOLI P AUTHOR ADDRESS: Commission European Communities, Environment Inst., Radiochem. Div., Joint Res. Cent.-Ispra Establishment, 21020 Ispra, Varese, Italy. SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 95 (0). 1990. 107-118. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard metal pneumoconiosis is an occupational pulmonary disease caused by long-term exposure to dust produced in the hard metal industry. In vitro experiments have been carried out to study the solubility and metabolic behaviour in human lung tissue and plasma of hard metal alloy constituents such as cobalt, tungsten, tantalum, titanium and niobium. The experiments were carried out using 60Co, 187W, 182Ta, 44Ti and 95Nb radiotracers in combination with neutron activation, radio-release tests and gel filtration techniques. Leaching experiments from neutron-irradiated hard metal dust showed that cobalt was highly soluble, especially in the lung cytosol and plasma, in comparison with tantalum and tungsten. The gel filtration experiments showed three biochemical pools of cobalt in both lung and plasma components, in accordance with the hypothesis that cobalt represents the allergic factor in the development of hard metal disease. High affinity for proteins was observed for N MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health

Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14983-48-3 14983-48-3 13982-00-8 13967-76-5 10198-40-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEVA ENTRY MONTH: 199012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/28619 255 TITLE: Evaluation of effects of dust prevention in the principal tungsten mines in Jiangxi (China). AUTHORS: CHEN H-D ET AL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Jiangxi Inst. Ind. Hygiene, Nanchang 330000. SOURCE: CHIN J PREV MED; 24 (1). 1990. 28-30. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An evaluation of the effects of dust prevention in the jiangxi tungsten mines has been carried out. The rate of silicosis morbidity in most mines was under 1%. Up to 1983, the rate in individual mines is 1.95%. According to the data from those mines, the forecasting of cumulative probability of morbidity of mine workers having been in contact with dust for 30 years is up to 7.5%. From those data, the authors suggest that the maximum permissible concentration of dust should be 1.0 mg/m3 in the mines with concentration of silicon dioxide dust over 70%. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: CHYCD ENTRY MONTH: 199102 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/00525 256 TITLE: A nested case-control study of lung cancer among silica exposed workers in China. AUTHORS: MCLAUGHLIN JK JING-QINONG C DOSEMECI M RONG-AN C REXING SH ZHIEN W HEARL FJ MCCAWLEY MA BLOT WJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Cancer Inst., EPN-415, Bethesda, Md. 20892, USA. SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 49 (3). 1992. 167-171. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In an attempt to assess whether silica

induces lung cancer, a nested case-control study of 316 male lung cancer cases and 1352 controls was carried out among pottery workers and tungsten, copper-iron, and tin miners from five provinces in south central China. Exposure to dust and silica for each study subject was evaluated quantitatively by cumulative exposure measures based on historical industrial hygiene records. Measurements on confounders such as inorganic arsenic, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and radon were also collected from the worksites. Information on cigarette smoking was obtained by interviews of the subjects or their next of kin. A significant trend of increasing risk of lung cancer with exposure to silica was found for tin miners, but not for miners working in tungsten or copper-iron mines. Concomitant and highly correlated exposures to arsenic and PAHs among tin miners were also found. Risk of lung cancer among pottery workers was related to e MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CARCINOGENS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199206 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/13155

257 TITLE: Physical trauma and tungsten toxicity reduce the efficiency of biolistic transformation. AUTHORS: RUSSELL JA ROY MK SANFORD JC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Horticultural Sciences, Cornell Univ., Geneva, New York 14456. SOURCE: PLANT PHYSIOL (BETHESDA); 98 (3). 1992. 1050-1056. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A cell suspension culture of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) was used as a model to study injury to cells during biolistic transformation. Lawns of cells were bombarded with tungsten particles that were coated with a plasmid containing the beta-glucuronidase and the neomycin phosphotransferase II genes. When a gunpowder-driven biolistic device was used, numerous transiently expressing cells were focused around the epicenter of the blast which was manifested by hole blown in the filter paper supporting the cells. However, transformed cells nearest the blast epicenter were injured and could not be recovered as stable transformants. The injury was primarily caused by physical trauma to the cells from gas blast and acoustic shock generated by the device. Postlaunch baffles or meshes placed in the gunpowder device reduced cell injury and increased the recovery of kanamycin-resistant colonies 3.5- and 2.5-fold, respectively. A newly developed helium-derived device was more gent MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/GENETICS AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE BIOMECHANICS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/ENZYMOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER PLANTS KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals External Effects-Physical and Mechanical Effects (1970- ) Enzymes-Physiological Studies Toxicology-General Plant Physiology

Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Solanaceae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PLPHA ENTRY MONTH: 199207 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/15535 258 TITLE: New data for standardization of tungsten and molybdenum in their separate and simultaneous presence in water bodies. AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG OSHCHEPKOVA AN POLYKOVSKAYA NA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sverdl. Res. Inst. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Dis., Sverdlovsk, USSR. SOURCE: GIG SANIT; (3). 1977 7-11 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The presence of W and Mo in water at doses equal to the existing maximum permissible concentrations probably has no effect on adults but produces disturbances in embryogenesis. The latter consists of destruction of fertilized cells before their implantation and disturbances of the skeletal ossification processes. The maximum permissible water concentration of W should be decreased to 0.05 mg/l, and that of Mo to 0.25 mg/l. (Rats and mammals were discussed). CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 197810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

HEEP/78/12156 259 TITLE: CARBORUNDUM LUNG A CAUSE OF FINE LUNG NODULES HONEYCOMB LUNG DIAPHRAGMATIC PLEURAL PLAQUES AND MESOTHELIOMA AUTHORS: WRIGHT FW SOURCE: ROYAL COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGISTS ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND, UK, SEPTEMBER 18-21, 1990. CLIN RADIOL; 42 (5). 1990. 375. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN SILICON CARBIDE TUNGSTEN PLEURAL EFFUSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY COMPUTER SYSTEMS BIOLOGY DOCUMENTATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS PHOTOGRAPHY BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY, COMPARATIVE RADIOGRAPHY CHORDATA THORAX ANIMAL DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY MEMBRANES MESENTERY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES NEOPLASMS/PATHOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia General Biology-Information Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Anatomy and Histology Chordate Body Regions-Thorax (1970- ) Pathology Blood

Respiratory System-Pathology Coelomic Membranes Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Pathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 409-21-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CLRAA ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/08453 260 TITLE: Exposure of Welders to Fumes and Gases in Dutch Industries: Summary of Results AUTHORS: van der Wal JF SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 34, No. 1, pages 45-54, 11 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: An extensive study of the exposure of welders to chemical and physical agents at the workplace and in the laboratory was described and the following types of welding were examined: manual metal arc, metal active gas, metal inert gas, tungsten inert gas, submerged arc, and flux cored arc. The air in the breathing zone of the welders behind the face shield was sampled during two 8 hour shifts by personal sampling. Two types of face shield were used, the hand held welding shield and the welding helmet. Samples were also collected at stationary test sites at a distance of about 2 meters from the welder. The total welding fume concentrations at the stationary test sites, although sampled in close vicinity to the welders, were appreciably less than those in the breathing zone. Welders working in a ship built of steel primed with a red iron/epoxy resin primer were exposed in the breathing zone to up to 12 parts per million (ppm) of carbon-monoxide (630080) (CO), up to 0.04ppm of formaldehyde (50000) and 5 to 50mg/m3 of total welding fumes. The corresponding results for welding of steel contaminated with oil, also in a ship, were 4 to 19ppm CO, 2 to 3 micrograms/m3 of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 35 to 150 nanograms/cubic meter of benzo(a)pyrene (50328), and 3 to 55mg/m3 of total welding fumes. In a large ventilated room, the gas flame cutting of steel treated with a primer containing lead and zinc chromates produced the following concentrations of pollutants in the

breathing zone of the cutters: up to 17 micrograms per cubic meter (microg/m3) of chromium (7440473), 20 to 110microg/m3 of lead (7439921), 110 to 800microg/m3 of zinc (7440666), and 3 to 14microg/m3 of total fumes. The data showed that the lowest total fume concentrations were found with tungsten inert gas welding and plasma welding which are both used for small welds. The authors listed recommended reduction factors ranging from one to greater than 100 for 16 welding practices that would result in a less than 10% chance that threshold limit values for substances typically encountered would be exceeded. They also state that these factors would be higher for confined spaces. KEYWORDS: DCN-192782 Arc welding Welding industry Welding equipment Safety practices Welders helmets Ventilation systems Metal fumes Shipbuilding industry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 630-08-0 630-08-0 50-00-0 50-32-8 7440-47-3 7439-92-1 7440-66-6 CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199107 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00197356 261 TITLE: The role of xanthine oxidase in paraquat intoxication. AUTHORS: KITAZAWA Y MATSUBARA M TAKEYAMA N TANAKA T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Emergency Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 1-Fumizonochoh, Moriguchi, Osaka 570, Jpn. SOURCE: ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS; 288 (1). 1991. 220-224. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The role of xanthine oxidase in the mechanism of paraquat toxicity was assessed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Paraquat stimulated the reduction of cytochrome c by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system in vitro. Paraquat, when added in vitro, stimulated hypoxanthine-dependent superoxide production in the cytosol of rat lung. Tungsten-feeding inhibits xanthine oxidase activity in a variety of tissues in experimental animals. Its therapeutic effect on paraquat intoxication was studied in this paper. In rats fed a tungsten-enriched diet for 5 weeks prior to intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg paraquat dichloride, the mortality decreased significantly compared with rats fed a standard diet. Pretreatment with oxypurinol (1000 mg/kg, s.c.) also ameliorated the paraquat toxicity in rats. We conclude that xanthine oxidase plays an important role in paraquat toxicity and that xanthine oxidase inhibitors may become antidotes for paraquat intoxication. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/METABOLISM PHARMACOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ANTIDOTES POISONING/PREVENTION & CONTROL HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Physiological Studies Respiratory System-Physiology and Biochemistry Pharmacology-General Toxicology-General Toxicology-Antidotes and Preventative Toxicology (1972- ) Pest Control Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 4685-14-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ABBIA ENTRY MONTH: 199109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/22814

262 TITLE: FACE Report: Furnace Operator Dies after Being Overcome by Argon Gas in Pressure Vessel in South Carolina, May 9, 1991 AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Division of Safety Research, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Morgantown, West Virginia, Report Number FACE-91-14, 8 pages, 3 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: The case of a 43 year old male furnace operator who died after being overcome by argon (7440371) gas in a pressure vessel measuring 3 feet 6 inches in diameter by 7 feet 6 inches deep. The employer was a tungsten-carbide steel fabrication facility that employed 150 workers, including nine furnace operators. At the time of the accident the victim had been summoned by the vessel tender to enter the vessel and retrieve three tungsten-carbide steel objects dropped during the unloading process. The victim was lowered into the vessel by holding onto the hook of the overhead crane used to unload the vessel. He had retrieved one of the objects and handed it to the vessel tender. He squatted down to reach under the internal heating element and retrieve the second object when he was overcome by residual argon gas at the bottom of the vessel. The victim was removed from the vessel about 35 minutes later. The cause of death was an oxygen deficient atmosphere. It was recommended that a written safety policy be devised by the employer; that workers be alerted to all hazards which they might encounter during the performance of their duties; that adherence to established standard operating procedures be stressed; that the design of the pressure vessel and its internal components be evaluated to determine if it could be modified to allow extraction of objects from outside the vessel; and that an extraction tool be developed to eliminate the need to enter the pressure vessel. KEYWORDS: DCN-206689 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author Region 4 FACE 91 14 Accident analysis Confined spaces Air quality monitoring Oxygen deficient atmospheres Work practices CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-37-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00206915

263 TITLE: Frictional Ignition with Coal Mining Bits AUTHORS: Courtney WG SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Mines, Information Circular, No. 9251, 29 pages, 43 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: Studies on the frictional ignition of a methane/air environment resulting from coal mining bits cutting into sandstone were reviewed and the effectiveness of preventative techniques was considered. Six laboratory studies using water sprays with four rectangular bits and two conical bits were conducted. A field study using conical bits and back sprays mounted on the wet Simmons Rand 265 continuous mining machine was also performed. Rectangular bits included the following: Kennametal K-100, Carmet-TC3, AMS THRU, and Hydra Tools HP74ISR. Conical bits included GTE, antiignition modified cutter drum for Simmons Rand 265 continuous mining machine, and Kennametal K-178DC. Frictional ignition involved worn and flattened bit tips and most commonly steel tips as opposed to tungsten carbide tips. The risk of ignition was reduced through use of a mushroom shaped tungsten carbide bit tip and increased bit clearance angle. This laboratory finding was verified by field testing. Lowered bit velocities did not significantly decrease the risk of ignition within a practical range of velocities. Risk was reduced in the case of worn bits through use of a water spray nozzle directed at the hot streak on the sandstone surface; in general, back sprays were associated with reduced risks for all bits. Scheduled replacement of worn bits with consideration of the employed remedial technique was advised. KEYWORDS: DCN-202756 Workplace studies Laboratory testing Mining equipment Coal mining Mining industry Explosion prevention Equipment design Equipment reliability Explosive hazards ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00202915 264 TITLE: The Effect of Molybdenum Depletion of Sulfite Oxidase, Cytochrome P-450, and Carbon Disulfide-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats AUTHORS:

Chengelis CP SOURCE: Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Vol. 10, No. 4, pages 487-491, 19 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: The role of sulfite-oxidase in carbon-disulfide (75150) induced hepatotoxicity was studied. Male Sprague-Dawley-rats were fed normal or molybdenum depleted diets and water containing 0 or 100 parts per million potassium-tungstate for 21 days. They were then injected intraperitoneally with 0 or 80 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) phenobarbital and 0 or 5 millimoles per kilogram carbon-disulfide. The rats were killed after 24 hours and the livers were removed and weighed. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by determining the extent of centrilobular hydropic degeneration. Determinations were made regarding the concentrations of hepatic microsomal protein, cytochrome-P-450 (P450), and mitochondrial protein as well as sulfite-oxidase activity. The low molybdenum diet with tungsten supplemented water resulted in a 78% decrease in sulfite-oxidase activity and a 30% reduction in P450. The author concludes that the diet offered some protection from the hepatotoxicity induced by carbon-disulfide and attributed this to reduced quantities of P450. Sulfite was apparently not involved in the hepatotoxicity. KEYWORDS: DCN-206904 In vivo studies Laboratory animals Organic solvents Sulfides Liver damage Enzyme activity Feeding study Transition metals Tungsten compounds Physiological chemistry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-15-0 CODEN: JACTDZ ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00207153 265 TITLE: Atomic absorption determination of traces of cadmium in urine after electrodeposition onto a tungsten wire. AUTHORS: ZHANG G LI J

FU D HAO D XIANG P AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem., Henan Normal Univ., Xin Xiang, Henan 453002, China. SOURCE: TALANTA; 40 (3). 1993. 409-413. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A three-coil tungsten wire is used as electrode for the preconcentration of cadmium, which is then placed in a graphite tube for atomization and atomic absorption measurement. The heating parameters of the graphite furnace are optimized using the Modified and Weighted Centroid Simplex Method (MWCS), and computer program for automatic calculation. Sulphuric acid is selected as the supporting electrolyte for electrodeposition. The linear range of the calibration graph is 0.00-0.55 ng/ml. The detection limit is 0.01 ng/ml. For 0.1 ng/ml cadmium the coefficient of variation is 3.35% for ten parallel determinations. No interference occurs in the presence of more than 20 coexisting ions. Traces of cadmium in urine of normal people and in river water and the recoveries for cadmium are determined. The results are satisfactory. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TLNTA ENTRY MONTH: 199308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/19342 266 TITLE: Relation between Exposure to Respirable Silica Dust and Silicosis in a

Tungsten Mine in China AUTHORS: Pang D Fu C Yang GC SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 49, No. 1, pages 38-40, 3 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: A study was conducted to provide epidemiological evidence for setting and revising the exposure limit for respirable silica (14808607) dust in China. Men eligible for inclusion numbered 1151 and were underground miners who started work at a tungsten mine in China between 1958 to 1987. Historical surveillance and monitoring data for total dust were available. The ratio of respirable dust concentration to total dust concentration was 0.529. The free silica content in respirable dust as determined by X-ray diffraction studies averaged 24.7%. Statistical analyses implied a positive association between exposure to respirable silica dust and risk of silicosis. The exposure limit for respirable silica dust was estimated to be 0.24mg/m3 under the given conditions. The authors conclude that this level, 0.24mg/m3, would be a safe exposure limit according to this epidemiological evidence. KEYWORDS: DCN-204627 Mineral dusts Dust inhalation Mining industry Dust exposure Respiratory system disorders Lung disease Epidemiology Exposure levels Silica dusts Underground miners CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00204773 267 TITLE: Relation between exposure to respirable silica dust and silicosis in a tungsten mine in China. AUTHORS: PANG D

FU SC YANG GC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Occupational Med., Beijing 100050, China. SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 49 (1). 1992. 38-40. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. To estimate the quantitative relation between exposure to respirable silica dust and risk of an attack of silicosis, 1151 workers exposed to silica dust and employed from 1958 to 1987 in a tungsten mine in China were investigated. The results showed that the ratio of respirable silica dust concentration to total silica dust concentration was 0.529. Then, the total silica dust concentration in historical surveillance and monitoring data was converted to respirable silica dust concentration. The free silica content in respirable dust determined by x ray diffraction averaged 24.7%. Multiple logistic regression was used for the dichotomous dependent variables (presence or absence of silicosis). The independent variables in the multiple logistic regression with presence of silicosis as the dependent variable were age when first exposed, tuberculosis (presence or absence), and cumulative exposure to respirable silica dust. The partial regression coefficient of individual cumu MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/06918

268 TITLE: Study of the mechanism responsible for the elective toxicity of tungsten carbide-cobalt powder toward macrophages. AUTHORS: LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ind. Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Sch. Med., Clos Chapelle aux Champs, 30.54 1200 Brussels, Belg. SOURCE: TOXICOL LETT (AMST); 60 (2). 1992. 203-210. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We have previously demonstrated that tungsten carbide-cobalt powder (WC-Co) is more toxic toward murine macrophages in vitro than pure cobalt metal particles and that the cellular uptake of cobalt is enhanced when the metal is present in the form of WC-Co mixture. The present study was undertaken to assess the possible mechanism(s) of this interaction. We found that solubilization of cobalt in the extracellular milieu was increased in the presence of WC. This phenomenon, however, is not the critical factor explaining the greater toxicity of the WC-Co mixture since increasing the amount of solubilized cobalt in the extracellular medium in the absence of WC did not result in increased toxicity. Moreover, the amount of cobalt solubilized from a toxic dose of WC-Co was insufficient to affect by itself macrophage viability. A toxic effect was only observed when the WC-Co mixture came directly in contact with the cells. The elective toxicity of WC-Co can also not be explained MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURE IMMUNITY, CELLULAR MURIDAE KEYWORDS:

Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology In Vitro Studies Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TOLED ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/18090 269 TITLE: Visual Safety of Quartz Linear Lamps AUTHORS: McIntyre DA Charman WN Murray IJ SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 37, No. 2, pages 191-200, 23 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: Optical hazards associated with the use of quartz linear lamps (QLLs) were discussed. The operating characteristics and uses of QLLs were described. QLLs are tungsten filament lamps designed for space heating. The tungsten filament which is enclosed in a quartz envelope operates at 2,400 degrees-K and produces infrared radiation having a peak output at approximately 1,200 nanometers (nm). When used for space heating the lamps are normally fitted with a trough type aluminum reflector and surrounded by a ruby colored filter. Possible optical hazards associated with QLL heaters were discussed in terms of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists' (ACGIH) rules for visible and near infrared radiation. QLLs used for space heating emit virtually no radiation below 600nm. QLL radiation reaching the lens and iris of the eye consists primarily of visible and infrared-A radiation. Small amounts of ultraviolet-A and infrared-B radiation are also present. Radiation reaching the retina consists almost completely of visible and infrared-A radiation. The ACGIH rules list four hazards associated with visible and near infrared radiation: blue light, ultraviolet radiation, thermal

retinal injury, and cataractogenesis. Only the thermal retinal injury and cataractogenesis hazards are relevant to QLLs since they do not emit significant amounts of radiation having wavelengths below 600nm. Because the brightness and heat of QLLs are sufficient to cause an aversion response, the risk of thermal retinal injury is considered to be very small when a QLL is viewed from a normal distance. The risk of cataract formation is nonexistent if occupational exposures are reduced sufficiently to limit irradiances at the surface of the eye to 100 watts per square meter or less. KEYWORDS: DCN-215906 Risk analysis Eye damage Injury prevention Optic system Electromagnetic radiation Lighting Infrared radiation Industrial safety Lighting CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00216107 270 TITLE: A Study of Thorium Exposure during Tungsten Inert Gas Welding in an Airline Engineering Population AUTHORS: McElearney N Irvine D SOURCE: Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 35, No. 7, pages 707-711, 18 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: Possible exposure of welders to thorium (7440291) during tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding processes using thoriated rods was studied. Occupational histories, medical histories, and blood and urine samples were obtained from a group of welders and two referent groups, nonTIG welders and nonwelders at three locations in the United Kingdom. No differences were seen between the groups in morbidity, chest x-ray abnormalities, liver function, urinary microproteins, or thorium-232 levels. An inverse relationship was seen between the proportion of workers having thorium-228 levels above the limit of detection and the number of TIG welding years. Calculations of the intake of thorium-232 and thorium-228 based upon urinary excretion results demonstrated that the current recommended annual levels of thorium intake would not be exceeded even for the largest urinary excretion rate. The authors conclude that no

ill effects were induced in this group of welders due to exposure to thorium through TIG processes. Suggested precautionary measures were discussed to reduce further potential hazards from this process. KEYWORDS: DCN-216082 Gas welders Occupational exposure Arc welding Exposure levels Toxic effects Radiation exposure Hepatotoxicity Industrial hazards CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 CODEN: JOCMA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00216303 271 TITLE: Cellular Kinetics of Inflammation in the Pleural Space of Mice in Response to the Injection of Exogenous Particles AUTHORS: Peao MND Aguas AP Grande NR SOURCE: Experimental Lung Research, Vol. 18, No. 6, pages 863-876, 26 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: The inflammatory response of the pleural space to microparticles was studied in CD-1-mice. Animals were given an injection of 250 micrograms of calcium-tungstate (7790752) or silicon-dioxide (7631869) solution into the pleural space. Pleural lavage was performed 30 or 60 minutes, 6, 24, 48, or 72 hours, or 7 days after injection. A rapid decrease in the number of lavage cells recovered was seen 30 and 60 minutes after injection. The number of neutrophils increased in silica injected animals between 30 and 60 minutes after injection. Phagocytosis of particles by macrophage like cells was seen in all animals at all time points. The peak number of cells recovered from the pleural cavities was seen 24 hours after injection. Mice given silica injections demonstrated the maximum number of macrophages 24 hours after treatment while tungsten treated animals demonstrated peak numbers of macrophages 72 hours after injection. Light microscopy demonstrated morphological changes in pleural macrophages beginning 24 hours after treatment. Electron microscopy showed macrophage surface alterations as early as 30 minutes after tungsten administration.

Mast cells were absent from all preparations in treated animals, and an increase in the number of eosinophils insilica treated animals was also noted. The authors conclude that the kinetics of pleural inflammation induced by microparticles may be dependant on the nature of the particle. KEYWORDS: DCN-211020 Cell biology Cell function Lung cells Phagocytes Laboratory animals In vivo study Particulates Immune reaction CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7790-75-2 7790-75-2 7631-86-9 CODEN: EXLRDA ENTRY MONTH: 199305 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00211292 272 TITLE: Cobalt Exposure in a Carbide Tip Grinding Process AUTHORS: Stebbins AI Horstman SW Daniell WE Atallah R SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 53, No. 3, pages 186-192, 25 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: A study of cobalt (7440484) exposures during a carbide tip grinding process was conducted. Area and personal air samples were collected at a small shop that produced carbide tip saw blades for the woodworking industry. These were analyzed for cadmium (7440439), cobalt, and tungsten (7440337) dusts. Post shift urine samples were collected in the hammering, brazing, and tip grinding departments and analyzed for cobalt. Samples of coolant used during the grinding operations were analyzed for cobalt. Area air cadmium and tungsten concentrations in all departments were well below their relevant standards, 0.05 and 5.0mg/m3, respectively. Cobalt concentrations were well below the standard of 0.05mg/m3 except in the grinding department where they ranged from 0.021 to 0.055mg/m3. Personal air cobalt exposures in the hammering and dry and wet tip grinding departments averaged 0.008, 0.027, and 0.042mg/m3, respectively.

Urinary cobalt excretion by wet and dry tip grinders and workers in other departments averaged 33.6, 12.2, and 6.4 micrograms per liter, respectively. Urinary cobalt excretion was well correlated with the air cobalt exposures, correlation coefficient 0.83. Used coolant from the grinding operations contained cobalt at concentrations as high as 496 micrograms per milliliter (microg/ml). Samples of unused coolant contained only 0.03 to 2.03microg/ml cobalt. Samples of the same coolant that were used at three other shops were also analyzed and found to contain 100 to 1395microg/ml cobalt after use. The authors conclude that elevated cobalt exposures occurred in the grinding department. Exposures during wet tip grinding are greater than during dry tip grinding. The authors recommend enclosing the grinding operations with curtains and baffles, providing local exhaust ventilation for the grinders, and improving personal hygiene practices. KEYWORDS: DCN-207267 Industrial hygiene Occupational exposure Metallic dusts Hard metal workers Abrasive grinding Urinalysis Cutting oils Dust analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00207497 273 TITLE: Studies on microdetermination of halogen and sulfur in organic compounds. Tungsten trioxide, a novel catalyst by combustion tube method. AUTHORS: Zenda H Narita K Kitamura H Kosuge T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Shizuoka Coll. Pharm., Shizuoka 422, Japan SOURCE: Chem. Pharm. Bull. 27(4): 1015-1020 1979 (6 References)

ABSTRACT: PESTAB. Methods are presented for microdetermination of halogens and sulfur in organic compounds. The test compounds used in these experiments was p,p'-DDT. Using the combustion tube technique, it was found that tungsten trioxide was the most appropriate catalyst for oxidation of samples. Determinations of carrier gases showed that air was appropriate for analyses. The introduction of small amounts of water into the combustion system was found to be very effective in aiding in the analysis of samples. Argentimetric titration for halogens and sulfur in the combustion mixture was used at pH 1 with dithizone as an indicator; barium perchlorate titration was carried out at pH 2 using dinitrosulfanazo III as an indicator. The procedure presented in this article can be performed in 15 minutes. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 50-29-3 CODEN: CPBTA ENTRY MONTH: 197910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 PESTAB PUB CODE: Periodical SECONDARY SOURCE ID: PESTAB/79/2816 274 TITLE: Metabolism of Tungsten by Sheep and Swine AUTHORS: Bell MC Sneed NN SOURCE: Trace Element Metabolism in Animals, Mills, C. F., Editor; pages 70-72, 6 references, 19781978 ABSTRACT: The effect of ration and route of administration on the metabolism of radiolabelled tungsten (7440337) (W-185) was investigated in swine and sheep. Growing barrows and mature wethers were dosed with tracer concentrations of W-185. Swine were either injected intravenously or given W-185 by stomach tube. Sheep were dosed orally or by abdominal injection. Doses per animal averaged 1.5 microCuries. Ashed tissue and excreta samples were subjected to radioactive analysis. In swine, urinary excretion was the principal route for both orally and intravenously administered W-185. Sheep excreted about 44 percent in urine and 42 percent in feces from oral W-185. When the dose was injected directly into the abomasum, the excretion pattern was more similar to swine. Most of the W-185 was excreted by swine in 24 hours, while only 15 percent was excreted in 24 hours by sheep. In sheep sacrificed 48 hours after oral dosing, W-185 concentration was greatest in kidney, followed by liver, lymph nodes, bone, lungs, pancreas, and muscle. In swine, the pattern was kidney, bone, brain, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, skin, and muscle.

Concentrations in gastrointestinal contents averaged 10 times greater than in animal tissue. Sheep consistently had higher concentrations in the intestinal contents than swine, while swine had higher concentrations in all of the other tissues. The authors conclude that W-185 is readily absorbed by sheep and swine and the absorption and excretion is affected by species, ration, and route of administration. KEYWORDS: DCN-117828 Metabolic study Animal studies In vivo study Physiological response Physiological testing Physiological measurements Trace metals Trace analysis Radioactivation analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00128313 275 TITLE: PREACIDIFICATION HAS COMPLEX EFFECTS AUTHORS: ERIKSSON M OG LARSSON S SOURCE: FAUNA FLORA (STOCKH); 87 (3). 1992. 27-32. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM GAMMARUS-SP LYMNAEA-PEREGRA HEPTAGENIA-SULPHUREA NEMOURA-CINEREA ROACH DUCK MOSS CRAYFISH GRAYLING PERCH PIKE CONGER EEL SOIL WATER PH TUNGSTEN MERCURY LEAD ALUMINUM CALCIUM INTAKE LIMING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS ECOLOGY PLANTS ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE ANIMAL MOLLUSCA/PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE ANIMAL CRUSTACEA PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY ANIMAL INSECTS/PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY PLANTS MOLLUSCA CRUSTACEA INSECTS INSECTS FISHES BIRDS KEYWORDS: Methods Ecology Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Invertebrata Invertebrata Invertebrata Musci Gastropoda Malacostraca Ephemeroptera Plecoptera Osteichthyes Anseriformes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: swe

CODEN: FUOFA ENTRY MONTH: 199306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/08436 276 TITLE: Determination of manganese in river and sea-water samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with a tungsten atomizer. AUTHORS: XIAO-QUAN S RADZIUK B WELZA B VYSKOCILOVA O AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Applied Res., Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer-GmbH, W-7700 Uberlingen, Ger. SOURCE: J ANAL AT SPECTROM; 8 (3). 1993. 409-413. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A method for the direct determination of manganese in river and sea-water reference materials using electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry with a tungsten atomizer is described. Interferences caused by the sea-water matrix are investigated and it is shown that these can be eliminated by the addition of ascorbic acid. The method is applied to the determination of manganese in sea-water reference materials and results within one standard deviation of certified values are obtained. The detection limit (3sigma) in sea-water is 1.2 pg, corresponding to 0.12 mug 1-1 for a 10 mul sample. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ELECTRICITY GRAVITATION MAGNETICS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques External Effects-Electric Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-96-5

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/24956 277 TITLE: A study of thorium exposure during Tungsten inert gas welding in an airline engineering population. AUTHORS: MCELEARNEY N IRVINE D AUTHOR ADDRESS: British Airways Health Serv., PO Box 10, Heathrow Airport, London TW6 2JA England. SOURCE: J OCCUP MED; 35 (7). 1993. 707-711. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. To investigate the theoretic possibility of excessive exposure to thorium during the process of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding using thoriated rods we carried out a cross-sectional study of TIG welders and an age-and skill-matched group. We measured the radiation doses from inhaled thorium that was retained in the body and investigated whether any differences in health or biologic indices could have been attributable to the welding and tip-grinding process. Sixty-four TIG welders, 11 non-TIG welders, and 61 control subjects from an airline engineering population participated. All of the subjects were interviewed for biographic, occupational history and morbidity details. All of the welders and eight control subjects carried out large-volume urine sampling to recover thorium 232 and thorium 228; this group also had chest radiographs. All of the subjects had a blood sample taken to estimate liver enzymes, and they provided small-volume urine samples for the estimation o MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals

Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JOCMA ENTRY MONTH: 199311 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/28376 278 TITLE: Determination of cadmium in biological materials by tungsten coil atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: GINE MF KRUG FJ SASS VA REIS BF NOBREGA JA BERNDT H AUTHOR ADDRESS: Centro Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal 96, 13400 Piracicaba, Brazil. SOURCE: J ANAL AT SPECTROM; 8 (2). 1993. 243-245. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A simple, low cost tungsten coil furnace was evaluated for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The open atomizer was resistively heated by using a power supply with a voltage feedback circuit. The analysis time using a manually injected sample volume of 10 mul was 41 s. Acceptable precision (relative standard deviation < 3%, n = 12 at 1.0 ng ml-11 of cadmium) was obtained for cadmium values ranging from 0.5 to 6.0 ng ml-1. The characteristic mass for peak height absorbance was 0.5 pg. Results compare well with certified values of different biological materials digested with nitric acid. For certain reference materials better accuracy was obtained from data based on integrated absorbance. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS

BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/25963 279 TITLE: Radiation From Artificial Radioactive Materials And Its Importance In Carcinogenesis AUTHORS: Smoilovskaia EIa SOURCE: Voprosy Onkologii, Vol. 5, No. 1, pages 38-43, 17 references, 19591959 ABSTRACT: The carcinogenicity of radioactive isotopes of silver (7440224), zinc (7440666), thallium (7440280), tungsten (7440337), cobalt (7440484), and calcium (7440702) were investigated in female rats. Isotopes were implanted beneath the second right mammary gland. Of 16 rats implanted with silver, 4 developed tumors, including 2 adenocarcinomas and 1 sarcoma. Doses given were several hundred times higher than threshold doses; tumor yield was a result of the combined action of beta radiation and gamma radiation. No tumors were produced with doses of 0.8 to 36 microCuries given in three series. In 10 rats implanted with cobalt, 5 adenocarcinomas developed. The tumors developed beyond the range of beta particles from the isotope and were ascribed to gamma rays. An adenocarcinoma was produced in 1 of 6 rats implanted with tungsten. No metastases occurred in any of the rats with tumors. The average latency

period for tumor induction was 276 days. No tumors occurred in rats implanted with zinc, calcium or thallium isotopes, and none occurred in untreated controls. The author concludes that the gamma rays from cobalt are most effective in the induction of adenocarcinomata of mammary glands; tumors are produced at threshold doses of gamma radiation. KEYWORDS: DCN-124100 Radiation control Radiation detectors Health hazards Carcinogens Cytotoxic effects Medical research Medical monitoring Biophysics Clinical techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-22-4 7440-22-4 7440-66-6 7440-28-0 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 7440-70-2 CODEN: VOONAW ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1959 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136125 280 TITLE: Effects of ingested Tungsten-Bismuth-Tin shot on captive mallard. AUTHORS: RINGEMAN JK MILLER MW ANDELT WF AUTHOR ADDRESS: Wildlife Res. Cent., Colorado Div. Wildlife, 317 W. Prospect Rd., Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT; 57 (4). 1993. 725-732. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Steel shot is required for waterfowl hunting in the United States, but hunter dissatisfaction with steel's perceived ballistic performance has reduced compliance with steel shot laws, contributed to the loss of waterfowl hunters nationwide, and renewed interest in an alternative non-toxic shot with ballistic qualities similar

to lead shot, We evaluated the acute toxicity of an alternative shot by orally dosing 20 8-week-old game farm mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) with 12-17 pellets ( x = 1.03 g) composed of tungsten, bismuth, and tin (TBT). Ducks were monitored for 32 days for evidence of intoxication. Eroded shot evident in radiographs taken 11 days post-dosing indicated acute exposure to the constituent metals, but no dosed or undosed birds died during the trial. Behavior of dosed and undosed ducks (both n = 20) was normal throughout the trial, and no differences were detected in food consumption (P = 0.52, beta = 0.39) or body mass change (P = 0.71, beta = 0.15) rela MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS, WILD CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY MINERALS DENTAL EQUIPMENT DENTAL INSTRUMENTS DENTISTRY/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BIRDS BIRDS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Dental and Oral Biology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Chordata Anseriformes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JWMAA ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/00962 281 TITLE: Pneumoconiosis Caused by Hard Metal Dust AUTHORS: Beritic T D Prpic-Majic Mark B

Markicevic A Vurdelja B SOURCE: Arhiv za Higijenu Rada, Vol. 14, pages 261-268, 9 references, 19631963 ABSTRACT: Pneumoconiosis in workers occupationally exposed to dust from hard metals were studied. Two female workers engaged in the manufacture of hard metal by process of powder metallurgy from tungsten (7440337) and carbon (7440440) with cobalt (7440484) as a binder suffered attacks of coughing with a mucous expectorate and a feeling of suffocation. Physical examination showed the patients were underweight and had a reduction in the ventilatory capacity of the lungs. X-rays showed a bilaterally diffuse fibrotic interstitial changes which were more pronounced parahilarly and in the basal parts. Treatment of one patient with corticosteroids resulted in no change in the lung after 2 months. The second patient could not be treated due to the presence of an ulcer. The authors conclude that the patients were suffering from pneumoconiosis caused by exposure to carbide metal in the workplace. (Serbo-croatian) KEYWORDS: DCN-182697 TRANS Biochemistry Airborne dusts Histology Body retention Physiology Metallic dusts Lung disorders Medical treatment Workplace studies Clinical symptoms CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-44-0 7440-48-4 CODEN: AHRAAY ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1963 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00101215 282 TITLE: Diffuse Pulmonary Fibrosis in a Subject Exposed to Dusts of Cobalt and Tungsten Carbide (Hard Metal Industry). Discussion of a Simple Coincidence or a Possible Cause-Effect Relationship AUTHORS: Desoille H

Brouet G Assouly M Liot F Bechtel P SOURCE: Archives des Maladies Professionnelles de Medecine du Travail et de Securite Sociale, Vol. 23, No. 9, pages 570-589, 20 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: A case report is presented of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in a male worker exposed to cobalt-carbide and tungsten-carbide dust in a cutting tool manufacturing facility in France. The worker worked alone in a small experimental laboratory with minimal protection. He had a high fever and experienced significant respiratory difficulties. Clinical and radiological data and results of respiratory and cardiac function test showed that the subject had an alveolocapillary diffusion disorder suggestive of diffuse pulmonary sclerosis, involving resting pulmonary arterial hypertension. Upon pulmonary biopsy a specimen from the median lobar site showed systemic sclerosis. Microincineration showed relatively minimum deposits of dust. Anatomical and functional studies confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse studies confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis. The authors suggest that the large concentrations of dust to which the subject was exposed and a similarity to the other cases reported in the literature indicates the probable occupational etiology of the fibrosis. They recommend close monitoring of atmospheric dust in the hard metals industry. (French). KEYWORDS: DCN-182903 TRANS Case studies Lung disorders Occupational exposure Cobalt compounds Dusts Histology Dust inhalation Air monitoring Hard metal workers CODEN: AMPMAR ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00101979 283 TITLE: Control Of Physical Agent Hazards Of Arc Welding And Cutting AUTHORS: Bartley DL McKinnery WN Jr Wiegand KR

SOURCE: Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, NIOSH, Cincinnati, Ohio, NTIS PB164-866, 48 pages, 20 references, 19801980 ABSTRACT: Ultraviolet emission from gas tungsten (7440337) arc welding and gas metal arc welding and noise emission during plasma arc cutting were investigated using spectroradiometric equipment and analyzers. Manual welding and noise measurements were made at 90 degree angles from the cut line. Magnesium (7439954) concentration in base metal and ultraviolet transmission of protective clothing were also determined. All operations were conducted with standard instrumental settings. Welding of aluminum (7429905) alloys containing 5 percent magnesium yielded significantly high ultraviolet emission and biological activities one order of magnitude higher than nonmagnesium alloys at settings of 1 meter distance. A similar effect was observed using an alloy containing 2.5 percent magnesium. The heat produced by these reactions increased the vaporization rate of magnesium, yielding radiation up to 1000 times greater than that of sunlight at the surface of the earth. Helium (7440597) was a better shielding gas than argon (7440371) against ultraviolet emission. Measurements from welding using stainless steel electrode wire also yielded strong ultraviolet emission, which were comparable in magnitude to that from welding with electrode wires composed of 5 percent magnesium. Noise emitted during plasma arc cutting was equal to 70 decibels. Measurement of transmission of protective clothing gave a value of 3.5 hours as the time needed to surpass the recommended 8 hour limit at a distance of 1 meter from the arc. The authors conclude that potential hazards associated with welding arc radiation emissions are real. KEYWORDS: DCN-122318 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author Welding industry Industrial equipment Industrial noise Radiation shielding materials Safety research Health protection Exposure levels Electromagnetic radiation Employee exposure Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-95-4 7429-90-5 7440-59-7 7440-37-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00134449 284 TITLE: Biologic monitoring of chromium and nickel among stainless steel welders using the Tungsten inert gas-method. AUTHORS: STRIDSKLEV IC HEMMINGSEN B SCHALLER K-H RAITHEL H-J LANGARD S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Occupational Med., Telemark Central Hosp., N-3710 Skien, NOR. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY; 3 (1). 1994. 43-55. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Fourteen welders, welding stainless steel using the Tungsten Inert Gas method, were monitored for one work-week. During this time, measurements were taken for chromium (Cr), water soluble hexavalent Cr (CrVI), and nickel (Ni) in air, as well as Cr and Ni in the blood and urine of the welders. The welders provided a history of their previous exposure to Cr and Ni, their use of personal protective equipment, and their smoking habits. The CrVI in the air was generally below the detection level. Total Cr and Ni in air were frequently below the detection level, and generally below 10 mug/m3. The levels of Cr and Ni in blood were from below the detection levels to 1.0 mug. In the urine, levels were below 2.0 mug/g creatinine and 8.5 mug/g creatinine for Cr and Ni, respectively. Some welders had slightly elevated levels of total Cr in the urine that could result from bystander-exposure as derived from Manual Metal Arc welding performed in the same workplace. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18540-29-9 18540-29-9 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JOMTE ENTRY MONTH: 199411 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/28594 285 TITLE: Risk factors for ischemic heart disease in workers of a high altitude tungsten-molybdenum plant. AUTHORS: EL'GAROV AA ZHASMINOVA VG KHUZHOKOVA MM KALKAROV AA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Kabardino-Balkar State Univ., Nalchik, RUS. SOURCE: MEDITSINA TRUDA I PROMYSHLENNAYA EKOLOGIYA; 0 (1). 1993. 24-27. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Workers of Kabardino-Balkarian coalextracting enterprise were examined by the one-step standardized epidemiologic study. Incidence of ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, smoking, obesity, medium levels of arterial pressure, smoking intensity, weight index in individuals of different ages and age-standardized parameters among 20-59 years old people are represented. Higher incidence of ischemic heart disease in comparison with the other male population of this region and higher incidence of arterial hypertension in comparison with the workers of similar enterprises are shown. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY BEHAVIOR HUMAN MINERALS PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION DISORDERS OBESITY

HEART DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Behavioral Biology-Human Behavior Biochemical Studies-Minerals Physiology Nutrition-Malnutrition Cardiovascular System-Heart Pathology Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Epidemiology-Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: MTPEE ENTRY MONTH: 199407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/15889 286 TITLE: Radiation Measurement And The Development Of Standards. Safety Standards And Measurement Techniques For High Intensity Light Sources AUTHORS: Sliney DH Wolborsht ML SOURCE: Vision Research, Vol. 20, pages 1133-1141, 16 references, 19801980 ABSTRACT: The retinal hazard of ophthalmic instruments is reviewed. There are four types of hazards to the eye that must be evaluated for each optical source: ultraviolet radiation from 200 to 400 nanometers; thermal retinal injury; blue light photochemical retinal hazards; and near infrared hazards to the cornea and lens. Retinal injury is the principal hazard of concern. The main difficulty in evaluating the many high intensity light

sources used in diagnosis and treatment of ocular disease is that the exposure conditions used are not analogous to the viewing of conventional bright light sources. The extended sources characteristic of ophthalmic instruments expose large areas of the retina. This type of exposure is more properly covered by the exposure limits for extended source lasers. The most dangerous lamp is the xenon arc when viewed directly. Exposed tungsten lamps are relatively hazardous when compared to fluorescent lamps because of their greater luminance, despite their much lower blue light content. Ophthalmic instruments mostly employ tungsten lamps, although new ones are usually quartz halogen, and some xenon arc. If the xenon arc is imaged directly on the retina, there is a high risk from both light and thermal hazards. Certain pathological conditions may also lower the threshold for damage. The authors conclude that retinal hazard criteria now available permits an evaluation of the retinal hazards of ophthalmic instruments; however, care should be taken in the application of these standards. KEYWORDS: DCN-137342 Radiation sources Safety education Radiology Exposure limits Cellular function Analytical models Injuries Eyes Safety research Safety monitoring Light source ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150987 287 TITLE: Cytogenetic Studies of Stainless Steel Welders using the Tungsten Inert Gas and Metal Inert Gas Methods for Welding AUTHORS: Jelmert O Hansteen I-L Langard S SOURCE: Mutation Research, Vol. 342, Nos. 1/2, pages 77-85, 22 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: A study was conducted comparing the degree of cytogenetic damage induced in welders by different methods of steel welding. Exposure to welding fumes was evaluated by personal air sampling of welding fumes over an eight hour workshift, as well as biological monitoring of blood and urine samples for the presence of chromium (7440473) and nickel (7440020). Cytogenetic damage was assessed and compared in blood cells obtained from

workers who used the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding method or the Metal Inert Gas and/or Metal Active Gas (MIG) methods of welding on stainless steel. A reduced prevalence of gaps, chromatid and chromosome breaks, and cells with aberrations were seen in conventional blood cultures derived from welders compared with matched referents. In addition, lower levels of cytogenetic damage were seen in the welders in cultures in which DNA synthesis and repair had been inhibited. A higher number of both chromatid and chromosome breaks was seen in smokers compared with nonsmokers in both experimental and referent groups. A significant negative correlation was seen between total chromium levels and hexavalent chromium levels in inhaled air and sister chromatid exchanges. The authors conclude that exposure to TIG or MIG/MAG welding fumes is not associated with cytogenetic damage and that these exposures even appear to decrease the prevalence of such changes in exposed workers. KEYWORDS: DCN-226118 Genotoxic effects DNA damage Chromosome damage Occupational exposure Gas welders Stainless steel Chromium compounds Blood samples Cell cultures Biological monitoring CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 CODEN: MUREAV ENTRY MONTH: 199511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00226195 288 TITLE: Cobalt bioavailability from hard metal particles: Further evidence that cobalt alone is not responsible for the toxicity of hard metal particles. AUTHORS: LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicology Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Clos Chapelle Champs 30.54, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY; 68 (8). 1994. 528-531.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard metal is an alloy of tungsten carbide (WC) in a matrix of cobalt metal (Co). The inhalation of hard metal dust can cause an alveolitis which may progress to interstitial fibrosis. This study was undertaken to compare, both in vivo and in vitro, the bioavailability of cobalt metal when mixed or not with WC and to assess whether this factor had any influence on the cellular toxicity of hard metal particles. In vivo, non-toxic doses of cobalt metal were administered intratracheally in the rat, alone (Co, 0.03 mg/100 g) or mixed with tungsten carbide (WC-Co, 0.5 mg/100 g containing 6.3% of cobalt metal particles). Sequential measurements of cobalt in the lung and in urine demonstrated that the retention time of the metal in the lung was longer in Co- than in WC-Co-treated animals. In vitro, the cellular cobalt uptake was higher when the metal was presented to the macrophages as WC-Co. However, there was no relationship between the cellular uptake of cobalt and the occu MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARTOD ENTRY MONTH: 199503 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/03610 289 TITLE: Lung Toxicity of Hard Metal Particles and Production of Interleukin-1, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Fibronectin, and Cystatin-c by Lung

Phagocytes AUTHORS: Huaux F Lasfargues G Lauwerys R Lison D SOURCE: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 132, No. 1, pages 53-62, 49 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: The effects of hard metal alloys composed of a mixture of cobalt (7440484) (Co) (6%) and tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC) (94%) on interleukin-1 (IL1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), fibronectin, and cystatin-c release were studied in-vitro and in-vivo in Sprague-Dawley-rat lung phagocytes and compared with the effects of crystalline silica (14808607) (DQ12) and arsenic-trioxide (1327533) (As2O3). Naive rats underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and cell cultures were prepared from BAL fluid. Cells were untreated or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated, then incubated with varying amounts of DQ12, As2O3, Co and WC (WC-Co), Co, or WC. In-vivo, anesthetized rats were intratracheally instilled with saline; 0.06 milligrams/100 grams (mg/100g) body weight Co; 1mg/100g WC; WC-Co in the preceding amounts; 0.5mg/100g As2O3; or 1mg/100g DQ12. BAL was performed 24 hours later. Bioassays were performed to determine TNF and IL1 release; latex immunoassays were conducted for fibronectin and cystatin-c. Only DQ12 increased TNF release in unstimulated alveolar macrophages (AM). With LPS, DQ12 and WC significantly increased TNF levels. IL1 was not increased by any toxin in the absence of LPS. With LPS, DQ12 significantly increased IL1, and WC-Co moderately increased IL1 release. Fibronectin and cystatin-c were not affected by any toxin with or without LPS stimulation. The levels of lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, total protein, and albumin were not affected by Co or WC in AM. WC-Co, DQ12, or As2O3 significantly increased the level of LDH activity, total protein, and albumin. Only As2O3 treated cells had increased TNF release in the absence of LPS. As2O3 and DQ12 increased TNF release with LPS; a marginal increase occurred in Co treated cells. In the absence of LPS, IL1 release was not affected by any toxin in BAL fluid phagocytes. In the presence of LPS, DQ12 and As2O3 increased IL1 release. Only As2O3 increased fibronectin release, while DQ12 increased cystatin-c release. Because no effects of WC-Co were found on inflammatory mediators in lung phagocytes, the authors conclude that the pathogenesis of hard metal disease remains uncertain. The mechanism of the inflammatory reaction appears different from that seen for DQ12 and As2O3. KEYWORDS: DCN-228080 Particulate dust In vivo study Lung irritants Metal dusts Tungsten compounds Cobalt compounds In vitro study Cell cultures Laboratory animals Lung cells CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 14808-60-7 1327-53-3 CODEN: TXAPA9 ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00227988 290 TITLE: Cytogenetic studies of stainless steel welders using the tungsten inert gas and metal inert gas methods for welding. AUTHORS: JELMERT O HANSTEEN I-L LANGARD S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Occupational Environ. Med., Telemark Central Hosp., N-3710 Skien, Norway. SOURCE: MUTATION RESEARCH; 342 (1-2). 1995. 77-85. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Cytogenetic damage was studied in lymphocytes from 23 welders using the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), and 21 welders using the Metal Inert Gas (MIG) and/or Metal Active Gas (MAG) methods on stainless steel (SS). A matched reference group I, and a larger reference group II of 94 subjects studied during the same time period, was established for comparison. Whole blood conventional cultures (CC), cultures in which DNA synthesis and repair were inhibited (IC), and the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay were applied in the study. For the CC a statistically significant decrease in chromosome breaks and cells with aberrations was found for both TIG and MIG/MAG/SS welders when compared with reference group II. A non-significant decrease was found for the corresponding parameters for the two groups of welders when compared with their matched referents. A statistically significant negative association was found between measurements of total chromium (Cr) in inhaled air and SCE, an MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES MINERALS

BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Blood Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12597-69-2 12597-69-2 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUREA ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/13196 291 TITLE: Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric Determination of Cadmium in Biological and Environmental Materials using Electrothermal Vaporization after In Situ Alkylation AUTHORS: Tao S Kumamaru T

SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 310, No. 2, pages 369-375, 35 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: A new in-situ alkylation/vaporization inductively coupled plasma (ICP) atomic emission spectrometric method for determining cadmium (7440439) in biological and environmental samples was developed. Two to 30 microliter (microl) samples were placed in the tungsten cuvette of an atomic emission spectrometer. After being dried in an oven at 110 degrees-C, the cuvette was loaded in the tungsten boat furnace and treated with 15microl of 0.03 molar ethylmagnesium-bromide solution, which alkylated the cadmium in the sample. The sample was then heated at 70 degrees for 30 seconds to desolvate it and at 900 degrees for 3 seconds to vaporize the alkylated cadmium. The vaporized sample was swept into the ICP component of the spectrometer by argon. Cadmium was quantitated using the line at 214.438 nanometers as the analytical wavelength. Calibration plots were linear up to 50 nanograms cadmium. The detection limit was 11 picograms (pg). Six replicate determinations of a sample spiked with 100pg cadmium yielded a relative standard deviation of 3.4%. The procedure was applied to determining the cadmium concentrations in certified reference samples of pepper-bush, mussel, vehicle exhaust particulates, unpolished rice flour, and bovine liver which contained 6.7, 0.82, 1.1, 1.95, and 0.44 micrograms per gram (microg/g) cadmium, respectively. The method found 6.4, 0.82, 1.1, 1.96, and 0.45microg/g cadmium in the samples. Interference tests using 33 different ions found significant interference only from aluminum ions. The authors conclude that the new method can reliably determine trace quantities of cadmium in biological and environmental samples. Its detection limit is lower than the 22pg obtained with conventional electrothermal vaporization ICP atomic emission spectrometry. KEYWORDS: DCN-229865 Heavy metals Analytical methods Trace analysis Spectrographic analysis Biological material Chemical reactions Sample preparation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00229565 292 TITLE: Effects of cemented tungsten carbide dust on rat lungs following intratracheal injection of saline suspension.

AUTHORS: KITAMURA H YOSHIMURA Y TOZAWA T KOSHI K AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathol., Yokohama City Univ. Sch. Med., 2-33 Urahune, Minami, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232, Jpn. SOURCE: ACTA PATHOL JPN; 30 (2). 1980. 241-254. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. To examine the effect of cemented tungsten carbide dust on the animal lung, saline suspensions were intratracheally administered into the lungs of rats in a single dosage. About 1/5 of the animals died during the first 3 days. The acute response of the lungs was hemorrhagic edema with intense alveolar congestion. The animals killed at 6 mo. all presented pulmonary lesions of patchy fibrosis in the vicinity of the deposited dusts, occasionally associated with focal traction emphysema and broncho-bronchiolar ectasia. At 12 mo., 2/3 of the animals had neither fibrosis nor dust deposition, although the remaining animals showed pulmonary lesions similar to those seen in the 6-mo. responders. Fibrosis of the lungs consisted of collapsed alveoli with condensation of the preexistent reticulin fibers, but without noticeable collagenization. Both the early toxic and the late fibrogenic effects of the carbide dust are evidently attributable to the cytotoxic action of Co present in the dust particles. Recovery of the pulmonary lesions may result from removal of the dusts from the lesions. Comparison to industrial worker pathologies is presented. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 CODEN: APJAA ENTRY MONTH: 198011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/12998 293 TITLE: The influence of tungsten on the molybdenum status of poultry. AUTHORS: NELL JA ANNISON EF BALNAVE D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Anim. Husb., Univ. Syd., Camden, N.S.W. 2570, Aust. SOURCE:

BR POULT SCI; 21 (3). 1980. 193-202. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Large doses of W administered to the chick by injection or by feeding, increased tissue concentrations of W and decreased tissue concentrations of Mo and tissue activities of xanthine dehydrogenase. The rate of loss of large doses of W from the liver occurred in an exponential manner with a half-life of 27 h. When W was administered to chicks fed a semi-synthetic diet containing abnormally low concentrations of Mo, the activity of hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase was reduced to negligible levels. The alterations in Mo metabolism resulting from the administration of large doses of W to the chick appears to be the result of W toxicity and not of Mo deficiency. Deaths from W toxicity occurred when tissue concentrations of W were increased totion, the activity of xanthine dehydrogenase was 0. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: BPOSA ENTRY MONTH: 198012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/00349 294 TITLE: Activation of Thick Targets by Energetic Heavy Ions and the Resultant Radiation Levels AUTHORS: Clapier F Baron E Clerc T Pauwels N Proust J Tousset G Van den Bossche M SOURCE: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, Vol. 34, No. 4, pages 213-216, 6 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: In an effort to better predict hazards associated with exposure to heavy ions related to the production of radioactive ion beams, the activation of thick targets exposed to energetic heavy ions was characterized. The relative contribution of the incoming heavy ions and the mass number of the bombarded nuclei to subsequent radiation hazards were assessed by examining the radioactivity induced by argon (7440371) projectiles in carbon (7440440) and tungsten (7440337) targets. Isotope production was dominated by projectile fragmentation at a low target mass; three categories of radionuclei were identified in the thick targets. The

irradiation times predicted by these data suggested smaller dose rates and faster decay in lighter targets and supported the selection of light atomic masses as materials for accelerator components exposed to heavy ion beams at intermediate energy ranges. Comparison of induced radioactivity in a tungsten target exposed to argon to annual limit of intake plotted against isotope half life demonstrated that permitted working levels could be adjusted to dose rate decay by waiting after accelerator shutdown. This was also thought to be an effective practice to reduce the contamination hazard since nearly all of the isotopes decay after 1 day to the annual limit intake. KEYWORDS: DCN-235237 Radiation hazards Radiation levels Physical chemistry Radiation properties Safety research Ionizing radiation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-37-1 7440-37-1 7440-44-0 7440-33-7 CODEN: REBPAT ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00234812 295 TITLE: Arsenic, molybdenum, selenium, and tungsten contents of fertilizers and phosphate rocks. AUTHORS: CHARTER RA TABATABAI MA SCHAFER JW AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Agron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, USA. SOURCE: COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS; 26 (17-18). 1995. 3051-3062. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Contamination of soils with trace metals or semi-metals has become a major public concern in recent years. Potential sources of these contaminants include commercial phosphorus (P) fertilizers and the phosphate rocks used in production of the P fertilizers. Solid commercial P fertilizers marketed in Iowa and phosphate

rock samples (PRs) obtained from deposits around the world were analyzed for arsenic (As), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), and tungsten (W). The fertilizer materials included 24 samples of triple superphosphate (TSP), 23 samples of monoammonium phosphate (MAP), and 25 samples of diammonium phosphate (DAP). Twelve PRs from different PR deposits in Africa, United States, and Peru were also analyzed. The concentrations of As and Mo were greater Ind more variable than those of Se and W in TSP, MAP, DAP, and PRs. The ranges and median values of As, expressed in mg/kg, were: TSP (2.4-18.5, 10.1), MAP (8.1-17.8, 12.4), DAP (6.8-15.6, 12.4), and PR (3.2-32.1, 9.6) MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BIOPHYSICS NUTRITION PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-Minerals Toxicology-General Plant Physiology Agronomy-General Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CSOSA ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/01815 296 TITLE: A case of pulmonary fibrosis: Possible role of tungsten dust.

AUTHORS: ROCHEMAURE J ANCLA M TRINQUET G MEYER A SOURCE: J FR MED CHIR THORAC; 26 (4). 1972 305-312 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in a 46 yr old woman was corroborated by clinical, radiological and laboratory tests and lung biopsy. In spite of the negative mineral study carried out on the lung specimen, the role of dust from hard metals (carbides of tungsten and cobalt) was considered, since the patient was previously occupationally exposed to these hazards. Many features were similarly observed in cases published elsewhere. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 11130-73-7 CODEN: JFMCA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/73/04257 297 TITLE: Titanium and tungsten in highway runoff at Pullman, Washington, USA. AUTHORS: BOURCIER DR HINDIN E COOK JC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Toxicol. Program, Utah State Univ., UMC-56, Logan, Utah 84322, USA. SOURCE: INT J ENVIRON STUD; 15 (2). 1980. 145-150. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The inputs of Ti and W to a 0.6 acre (2323 m2) road surface area were investigated. The selection of a viaduct at Pullman, Washington as a study area permitted the exclusion of metal input from sources other than the road surface. Dustfall and precipitation were sampled at the viaduct and at a control station. Ti and W were not detected in precipitation samples at levels of 1.0 and 15 mg/l in the diluted sample digests, respectively. W was also not detected in dust samples. Average deposition rates for Ti in dust were 43.6 mg/m2 per day at the viaduct stations and 44.3 mg/m2 per day at the control station.

Road runoff was collected and flow was measured during 3 storm events. Rainfall intensity and traffic density were also monitored. The mean concentration of Ti in the road runoff was 12.7 mg/l while W varied from nondetectable (2.5 mg/l) to 25 mg/l. A mathematical model was developed allowing estimation of metal loadings for a typical storm event utilizing data on the total runoff volume. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 CODEN: IJEVA ENTRY MONTH: 198101 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/01685 298 TITLE: Airborne Inorganic Fibre Level Monitoring by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM): Comparison of Direct and Indirect Sample Transfer Methods AUTHORS: Sahle W Laszlo I SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 40, No. 1, pages 29-44, 30 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: The direct and indirect sample transfer methods for fiber level estimation of a working environment for different materials were assessed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Airborne samples of rockwool fibers, serpentine asbestos (1332214), amphibole asbestos and tungsten-oxide (39318188) whiskers were collected on Millipore and Nuclepore filters. The indirect sample transfer technique affected the fiber size distribution of different materials differently. The mass concentrations did not relate to fiber number concentrations of ambient air, irrespective of the sample transfer method used or the materials studied. The authors conclude that the direct sample transfer method incorporating the etching stage should be a preferred way of fiber level monitoring in the work environment. They note, however, that gypsum and other soluble components of the dust can make it difficult to obtain a good and reproducible fiber level analysis using the direct method. They urge modification of the technique to incorporate an extra stage in between the etching and carbon coating stage. It is at this stage where soluble materials could be removed. KEYWORDS: DCN-231075 Sampling methods Asbestos fibers

Air quality monitoring Airborne fibers Fibrous bodies Workplace studies Sample preparation Tungsten compounds Microscopic analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1332-21-4 1332-21-4 39318-18-8 CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199611 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00230649 299 TITLE: Paraquat causes S-phase arrest of rat liver and lung cells in vivo. AUTHORS: MATSUBARA M YAMAGAMI K KITAZAWA Y KAWAMOTO K TANAKA T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Emergency Critical Care Med., Kansai Med. Univ., 10-15 Moriguchi City, Osaka 570, Japan. SOURCE: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY; 70 (8). 1996. 514-518. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We examined the in vivo effect of paraquat on the cell cycle in rat liver and lung tissues and the protective effect of tungsten (a xanthine oxidase inhibitor) on paraquat toxicity. The bromodeoxyuridine/propidium iodide double-staining method and flow cytometry were used for cell cycle assessment. Wistar rats were fed a standard diet or a tungsten-enriched diet were injected intravenously with 20 mg/kg paraquat, while uninjected rats served as controls. At 1, 3, and 5 days after paraquat injection, the liver and lungs were removed for examination following in vivo labeling with 20 mg/kg bromodeoxyuridine for 1 h. Liver and lung cells were isolated and incubated with an anti-bromodeoxyuridine antibody and with propidium iodide for DNA staining. Flow cytometry showed that the S-phase cell populations in the liver and lungs of paraquat-injected rats fed a standard diet were increased markedly on days 1 and 3 after injection compared with the control levels. However, on da MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CELL DIFFERENTIATION FETAL DEVELOPMENT MORPHOGENESIS EMBRYOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Digestive System-Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Developmental Biology-Embryology-Morphogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Pest Control Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 4685-14-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARTOD ENTRY MONTH: 199609 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/24678 300 TITLE: Effects of embedded tungsten-bismuth-tin shot and steel shot on mallards

(Anas platyrhynchos). AUTHORS: KRAABEL BJ MILLER MW GETZY DM RINGLEMAN JK AUTHOR ADDRESS: Colorado Div. Wildlife, Wildlife Res. Cent., 317 West Prospect Road, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES; 32 (1). 1996. 1-8. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We assessed the potential for embedded steel and tungsten-bismuth-tin (TBT) shot to adversely affect health of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Ducks were implanted with three number four steel (n = 19) or TBT (n = 20) shot pellets in their pectoral muscles. None of seven hematology parameters measured differed in response to treatment (P \ 0.17). At necropsy 1, 2, 4, and 8 wk posttreatment, we observed only localized tissue reactions to embedded steel or TBT shot. Reactions differed grossly: after wk 1, embedded steel shot were enveloped in 0.5 to 2 mm grayish capsules, whereas TBT shot were surrounded by thinner ( < 0.5 mm), translucent capsules. Corrosion of steel shot was apparent. Microscopic lesions associated with steel shot were characterized by moderate to severe histiocytic and lymphocytic inflammation and considerable particle deposition, whereas histiocytic inflammation was mild and particle deposition minimal in TBT lesions. Overall scores of inflammation at MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE BIOMECHANICS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BIRDS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General External Effects-Physical and Mechanical Effects (1970- ) Pathology Blood Blood

Toxicology-General Anseriformes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12597-69-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JWIDA ENTRY MONTH: 199612 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/34894 301 TITLE: The Ferroalloy Industry. Hazards of the Alloys and Semimetallics: Part II AUTHORS: Roberts WC SOURCE: Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 7, No. 1, pages 71-77, 9 references, 19641964 ABSTRACT: Hazards in the ferroalloy industry are reviewed based on clinical observations. The two major hazards in the manufacture of ferroalloys are combustion of finer sizes (200 mesh or less) and adverse effects via inhalation. Absorption through skin is rare. The production of toxic gases such as phosphine (7803512), acetylene (74862), and methane (74828) by certain alloys on combustion or exposure to moist atmosphere at room temperature are reported. The boron alloys and carbides of some metals are discussed in terms of their inert and nontoxic characteristics and are noted as presenting no significant health problems, pulmonary damage, or pneumoconiosis. Tungsten-carbide (11130737) and vanadium-carbide (11130215) are described in terms of their potential to cause pulmonary damage and pulmonary irritancy. It is noted that chromium alloys are nontoxic and do not produce any skin or pulmonary changes. Alloys of manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, and tantalum, are harmless, while vanadium alloys produce upper respiratory and bronchial irritation. The cause of silicosis is explored, and the absence of allergic response to several metal alloys is discussed. Dermatitis and bronchial asthma due to cobalt (7440484) and nickel (7440020) exposure are infrequent. KEYWORDS: DCN-120067 Dermatology Clinical symptoms Occupational medicine Pathogenesis Exposure levels Disease incidence Toxic effects

Temperature effects Toxicology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7803-51-2 7803-51-2 74-86-2 74-82-8 11130-73-7 11130-21-5 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 CODEN: JOCMA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1964 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00132149 302 TITLE: Lung Disorders Resulting From The Inhalation Of Metals AUTHORS: Brooks SM SOURCE: Clinics In Chest Medicine, Vol. 2, No. 2, pages 235-254, 150 references, 19811981 ABSTRACT: Occupational lung disorders associated with inhalation of mineral dusts are reviewed. Nine important metals, namely iron (7439896), aluminum (7429905), tin (7440315), barium (7440393), antimony (7440360), tungsten-carbide (11130737), cobalt (7440484), silver (7440224), and rare earths having critical uses and demands are detailed. Occupational exposure to these mineral dusts occur through inhalation during mining, refining, and soldering operations as well as in electronic, electrical, automobile, aircraft, and high temperature industries. Lung diseases caused by these mineral dusts are considered benign. The characteristics of the different types of pneumoconioses such as siderosis and stannosis associated with the mineral dusts are described and the minor differences in the nature of the fibrosis produced are noted. The clinical symptoms caused by antimony, tungsten-carbide, aluminum, and cobalt are discussed in terms of dose, particle size, and duration of exposures. It is noted that the chief effect of excessive silver absorption is argyria, the local or generalized impregnation of silver. The specific pulmonary pathology associated with each type of dust is discussed and the distinguishing features in relation to the distribution of the particles within the structural compartments of the lung are described. Examples of mineral dusts in which individual elements may influence the pharmacokinetics of other elements are presented. It is suggested that the diagnoses of these diseases should be based on accurate occupational history, clinical and physical findings and radiographic pictures. Differential diagnosis is recommended for elements of high radiodensity such as tin or barium which

produce an identical radiographic appearance. KEYWORDS: DCN-124937 Dust exposure Disease incidence Biological effects Exposure levels Lung irritants Inhalants Dust inhalation Biological factors Clinical diagnosis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 7440-31-5 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-22-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136804 303 TITLE: Erythemally effective and actinic irradiance from a tungsten halogen lamp. AUTHORS: WONG J CF RUSSELL S GAJJAR N AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sch. Physics, Queensland Univ. Technology, P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia. SOURCE: HEALTH PHYSICS; 72 (1). 1997. 53-55. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A protocol for assessment of biological hazard from ultraviolet radiation sources was developed. The protocol utilized both a ultraviolet radiation spectroradiometer and a broadband ultraviolet radiation meter for the determination of the erythemally effective irradiance and the actinic irradiance. A 250 W tungsten halogen lamp operating at 9.5 A was tested with this protocol. It was found that the erythemally effective irradiance varied from 41 muW cm-2 at 10 cm to 1.5 muW cm-2 at 50 cm. In the same range of distances, the actinic irradiance decreased from 23 to 0.5 muW cm-2. The irradiance from the

source was uniform within 30 about the line perpendicular to the axis of the filament. Using the recommendation of the Australian radiation protection agency, the National Health and Medical Research Council, the maximum allowable exposure time at the distance of 50 cm in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the filament was about 33.3 minutes. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures External Effects-Light and Darkness Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199703 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/04448 304 TITLE: In Vitro Genotoxic Effects of Hard Metal Particles Assessed by Alkaline Single Cell Gel and Elution Assays AUTHORS: Anard D Kirsch-Volders M

Elhajouji A Belpaeme K Lison D SOURCE: Carcinogenesis, Vol. 18, No. 1, pages 177-184, 25 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: In this study, the genotoxic effects of hard metal particles (WC-Co) made up of cobalt (7440484) (Co) and tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC) were examined via alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and modified alkaline elution (AE) assays. Lymphocytes isolated from blood samples were cultured, incubated with Co, WC, or WC-Co suspensions for 15 minutes, and analyzed via SCGE. The DNA content and tail moment were quantified using fluorescence microscopy. Lymphocytes and DNA isolated from murine 3T3 fibroblasts were radiolabeled, exposed to the metals for 10 or 20 minutes, and analyzed for DNA damage by AE. The radioactivity in the eluted fraction was used to determine the DNA breakage potency of the different powders. For Co concentrations of 0.6 to 6.0 micrograms per milliliter (microg/ml) added to the cell cultures, tail lengths and moments increased dose dependently. DNA breakage increased in a dose dependent manner with 10 to 100microg/ml of WC-Co added. At the highest doses tested, more DNA strand breaks were induced by WC-Co than by Co. No increase in DNA breakage was observed in lymphocytes treated with WC. While relative DNA content was not altered in cells treated with Co, relative DNA content was increased in cells treated with WC and WC-Co. According to the AE assays, both CO and WC-Co induced dose dependent DNA breaks. However, the DNA breakage potency of WC-Co was greater than that of Co. The Co and WC-Co doses which doubled the number of DNA breaks compared with controls equaled 4.53 and 1.42 micrograms of Co per milliliter, respectively. Exposure to WC particles did not elevate the number of DNA strand breaks. The addition of sodium-formate to the cultures significantly reduced the number of DNA breaks. The authors conclude that WC-Co particles exhibit greater clastogenic activity than Co particles and that further research is needed. KEYWORDS: DCN-238916 In vitro study Cell cultures Genotoxic effects DNA damage Exposure levels Dose response Hard metals Cobalt compounds Tungsten compounds Analytical methods Biochemical analysis Clastogens CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: CRNGDP ENTRY MONTH: 199806

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00238490 305 TITLE: The determination of metals (antimony, bismuth, lead, cadmium, mercury, palladium, platinum, tellurium, thallium, tin and tungsten) in urine samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. AUTHORS: SCHRAMEL P WENDLER I ANGERER J AUTHOR ADDRESS: GSF-Res. Cent. Environ. Health, Inst. Ecol. Chem., Neuherberg, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany. SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; 69 (3). 1997. 219-223. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Objective: An analytical method has been established to determine the concentration of antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), tellurium (Te), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl) and tungsten (W) in urine. The aim was to develop a method which is equally suitable for the determination of environmentally as well as occupationally caused metal excretion. Methods: Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was used for the determination of metals. Calibration was done using aqueous solutions and standard addition respectively. Results: Urine samples of 14 persons occupationally non-exposed to metals were analysed. With the exception of Pt and Bi all the metals were found in these urine samples. The detection limits for these metals lie between 5 and 50 ng/l. Conclusions: For some metals, which are important from an occupational as well as an environmental viewpoint, ICP-MS is more sensitive than atomic absorption sp MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7440-69-9 7440-43-9 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: IAEHD ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/08919 306 TITLE: In vitro genotoxic effects of hard metal particles assessed by alkaline single cell gel and elution assays. AUTHORS: ANARD D KIRSCH-VOLDERS M ELHAJOUJI A BELPAEME K LISON D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Unite Toxicol. Industrielle Med. Travail, Univ. Catholique Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30-54, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. SOURCE: CARCINOGENESIS (OXFORD); 18 (1). 1997. 177-184. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard metals (WC-Co) are made of a mixture of cobalt metal (Co, 5-10%) and tungsten carbide particles (WC, > 80%). Excessive inhalation of WC-Co is associated with the occurrence of different lung diseases including an excess of lung cancers. The elective toxicity of hard metal is based on a physico-chemical interaction between cobalt metal and tungsten carbide particles to produce activated oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to assess the genotoxic activity of hard metal particles as compared with Co and WC alone. In human peripheral lymphocytes incubated with Co or WC-Co, a dose- and

time-dependent increased production of DNA single strand breaks (ssb) was evidenced by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and modified alkaline elution (AE) assays. Addition of 1 M formate, a hydroxyl radical scavenger, had a protective effect against the production of ssb by both WCCo or Co alone. On the basis of an equivalent cobalt-content, WC-Co produced si MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY CARCINOGENS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CRNGD ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/10120 307 TITLE: Survey on health hazards in argon-arc welding. AUTHORS: ANONYMOUS SOURCE: CHIN MED J (NEW SER); 1973 (3). 1973 176-180

ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The hazards to health in argon-arc welding-tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding (TIG) and metal inert gas shielded arc welding (MIG) were investigated. In the absence of local ventilation, the ozone concentrations in the breathing zone during welding were as follows: 29.32 mg/m-3 with automatic MIG welding, 19.00 mg/m-3 with semi-automatic MIG welding and 15.25 mg/m-3 with manual TIG welding. The concentrations were lower in shops with better ventilation during summer. The ozone concentration varied according to the welding conditions and the welding materials used. With manual TIG process, the ozone concentrations in the breathing zone were from 1.5 to 6.0 mg/m-3. With TIG there is a high frequency magnetic field with an intensity of 66-106 volts/m. The welders are exposed to the high frequency electromagnetic radiation for a total of 10-15 min/day. When a thorium-tungsten electrode is used, the dose of radiation is 0.002 to 0.004 milli-Rontgen/h. This does not affect the organism, but clothing wears out quickly because of the combined action of UV rays and the high ozone concentration. Examination of veteran argon-arc welding workers showed that 70-80% had complaints of dizziness, headache, malaise, loss of appetite and chronic sore throat. General physical examination and examination of ther the system as well as blood and liver functional tests were essentially normal. High concentration of ozone is considered the main hazard to health in argon-arc welding. Rats under an ozone concentration of 2.5-4.5 mg/m-3 revealed no effect on the number of leukocytes and liver function. However, there was hemorrhage in the lungs, the heart and the liver, and the animals ceased to gain weight. In MIG automatic welding, field measurements showed that the ozone concentration in the breathing zone was 29.23 mg/m-3 when the exhaust hood was not used and 0.36 mg/m-3 when it was in position. Various personal protective devices are discussed. The allowable ozone concentration under welding conditions should not be greater than 0.5 mg/m-3. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-15-6 CODEN: CMDJA ENTRY MONTH: 197407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/74/00041 308 TITLE: Analytical Methods Evaluation and Validation: Arsenic, Nickel, Tungsten, Vanadium, Talc, Wood Dust, AUTHORS: Carlin LM Colovos G Garland D Jamin ME Klenck M AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Rockwell International, Newbury Park, CA. Environmental Monitoring and Services Center. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 11, 1983 ABSTRACT: TD3: Methods for the sampling and analysis of arsenic (7440382) (As), nickel (7440020) (Ni), tungsten (7440337) (W), vanadium (7440622) (V), talc (14807966), and wood dust in the workplace were developed. As, Ni, W and samples were collected on a cellulose ester filter and analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GFAAS) or flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Talc samples were collected on a polyvinyl-chloride filter and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Wood dust samples were collected on glass fiber filters and were analyzed gravimetrically. The authors conclude that the methods for Ni, W, soluble V, and wood dust were fully validated and that validation for As, insoluble W, and talc are still pending further investigation. KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Chemical analysis Dust Indoor air pollution Toxic substances Occupational safety and health Air pollution detection ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB83-155325, 223p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A10/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. ENTRY MONTH: 198307 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB83-155325 309 TITLE: Occurrence of volatile transition metal compounds in landfill gas: Synthesis of molybdenum and tungsten carbonyls in the environment. AUTHORS: FELDMANN J CULLEN WR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem., Univ. B.C. 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. SOURCE:

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; 31 (7). 1997. 2125-2129. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Evidence for the occurrence of volatile molybdenum and tungsten compounds in the environment is presented for the first time. The gases from three different municipal waste deposits were sampled and analyzed for volatile metal and metalloid compounds by using gas chromatography coupled with inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICP-MS). In addition to the known hydrides and methylated compounds of As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Hg, Pb and Bi, volatile Mo and W compounds were found in concentrations of about 0.2-0.3 mug of Mo/m3 and 0.005-0.01 mug of W/m3. The isotopic fingerprint of the detected Mo and W from the samples matched perfectly with Mo and W standards. The correspondence of the samples' retention times (GC-ICP-MS) with those of standards provides convincing evidence that Mo(CO)6 and W(CO)6 are present in landfill gas. The toxicity and origin of these compounds are discussed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14762-69-7 14762-69-7 14392-20-2 14392-19-9 14392-17-7 14304-97-3 14304-94-0 14274-76-1 14265-83-9 14265-82-8 14265-81-7 14265-80-6 14265-79-3 14265-72-6 14191-67-4 14119-17-6 14093-02-8 14092-98-9 14040-11-0 13981-81-2 13981-80-1 13981-79-8 13981-78-7 13939-06-5 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7439-97-6

594-27-4 594-10-5 593-91-9 593-80-6 593-79-3 593-74-8 108-88-3 78-00-2 75-74-1 71-43-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199710 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/23236 310 TITLE: In vitro toxicity of cobalt and hard metal dust in rat and human type II pneumocytes. AUTHORS: ROESEMS G HOET P HM DEMEDTS M NEMERY B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lab. Pneumol., K. U. Leiven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. SOURCE: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY; 81 (2). 1997. 74-80. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. It has been demonstrated that hard metal dust, which consists of a mixture of cobalt and tungsten carbide, is more toxic toward mouse peritoneal and rat alveolar macrophages than pure cobalt (Co) or tungsten carbide (WC). The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of Co and hard metal dust on alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT-II), and to compare these with alveolar macrophages. Freshly isolated rat and human AT-II and rat alveolar macrophages were exposed for 18 hr to particles of Co, WC or Co. As an index for cell toxicity, release of lactate dehydrogenase was measured. For rat AT-II, TD50 values per 105 cells were 672 mug (95% C.I.=264-1706 mug) for pure Co and 101 mug (95% C.I.=59-172 mug) for Co in Co/WC mixture. For rat alveolar macrophages, TD50 values per 105 cells were 18 mug (95% C.I.=15-24 mug) for pure Co and 5 mug (95% C.I.=5-6 mug) for Co in Co/WC mixture. WC only caused an increase in lactate dehydrogenase at high concentrations. No to MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN MINERALS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PHTOE ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/27793 311 TITLE: Electrothermal vaporisation system including in situ digestion for the direct determination of lead in botanical samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. AUTHORS: OKAMOTO Y TAKAGAKI N FUJIWARA T KUMAMARU T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chemistry, Faculty Science, Hiroshima Univ., Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan. SOURCE: ANALYTICAL COMMUNICATIONS; 34 (10). 1997. 283-285.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A new approach to in situ solid sample digestion, subsequent vaporization and introduction into an inductively coupled plasma, was developed for the direct determination of lead by atomic emission spectrometry. A powdered sample was mixed with diammonium hydrogenphosphate and the mixture was weighed in a sample cuvette made of tungsten. The cuvette was then placed on a tungsten boat furnace (TBF) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added to the mixture. After the in situ wet digestion was completed and the excess reagents were evaporated by the resistance heating of the TBF, the analyte in the sample cuvette was vaporised and introduced into the plasma. The solid samples were analysed by using a calibration curve prepared from the aqueous standard solutions. In this communication, system characterization with lead and its analytical results in several biological samples are described. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM KEYWORDS: Methods Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Plant Physiology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: XXAJA ENTRY MONTH: 199801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

BIOSIS/97/33777 312 TITLE: Occupational exposure to tungsten and cemented tungsten carbide AUTHORS: NIOSH working group SOURCE: TA:Criteria for a recommended standard PG:174 p YR:1977 IP: VI:NIOSH 77-127 ABSTRACT: KEYWORDS: < ANIMAL > < HUMAN > carcinogenicity Case report Dust epidemiological study Hypersensitivity irritancy toxicokinetics genetic toxicity occupational exposure Respiratory system Skin Acute toxicity Chronic toxicity dose effect reproductive and developmental tests CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 12070-12-1 LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: RISKLINE/1990050053 313 TITLE: (Present-day state of the industrial hygiene problems in the hydrometallurgy of tungsten and molybdenum salts and oxides.) AUTHORS: GOLYAKOVA LP SOURCE: GIG TR PROF ZABOL; 15 (2). 1971 4-8

ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The paper discusses issues that concern industrial hygiene in the hydrometallurgical production of the tungsten and molybdenum salts and oxides. A brief description of the technology used is given and principal adverse factors in the industry under consideration, among which greatest importance is attached to the pollution of the atmospheric environment with dust containing W, Mo and SiO2 admixtures, are pointed out. High concentrations of irritating gases (NH3, HCl, H2S) are registered in the air of individual production areas and at work places. Because of the existing working conditions, dust-induced fibrosis and a high level of chronic affections involving the upper respiratory tract are noted among workers. Working conditions at 2 plants with different levels of mechanized technology are contrasted and the importance of advanced technology in the improvement of the work hygiene in the industry under study is demonstrated. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 7647-01-0 7664-41-7 7783-06-4 CODEN: GTPZA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/01173 314 TITLE: Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum: The relationship between sulfite oxidase and the acute toxicity of bisulfite and SO2. AUTHORS: COHEN HJ DREW RT JOHNSON JL RAJAGOPALAN KV SOURCE: PROC NATL ACAD SCI U S A; 70 ((12 PART 1)). 1973 3655-3659 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The administration of tungsten to rats maintained on a low Mo diet resulted in a dose-and time-dependent loss of sulfite oxidase (EC 1.8.3.1) and xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2) activities and hepatic Mo. These tungsten-treated animals appeared healthy, but were more susceptible to bisulfite toxicity. The LD50 i.p. bisulfite was 131 mg of NaHSO3/kg for the animals deficient in sulfite oxidase, compared to 473 mg/kg for normal rats. The survival time of rats exposed to SO2 at concentrations of 590 ppm and higher was inversely related to the level of SO2. At 590 ppm and 925 ppm, control animals displayed symptoms of severe respiratory toxicity before death. At 2350 ppm of SO2, death was preceded

by seizures and prostration, symptoms observed with the systemic toxicity of injected bisulfite. At 590 ppm, animals deficient in sulfite oxidase were indistinguishable from control animals. However, at 925 ppm and 2350 ppm, the deficient animals displayed symptoms of systemic toxicity and had much shorter survival times. Sulfite oxidase is instrumental in counteracting the toxic systemic effects of bisulfite, either injected or derived from respired SO2. Respiratory death probably results from the toxicity of gaseous SO2 before absorption as bisulfite and cannot be alleviated by sulfite oxidase. Sulfite oxidase does not appear to be inducible by either bisulfite or SO2. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-90-5 15181-46-1 7446-09-5 CODEN: PNASA ENTRY MONTH: 197407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/74/10341 315 TITLE: Chemical modifiers in a tungsten coil electrothermal atomizer. Part 1. Determination of lead in hair and blood. AUTHORS: BRUHN CG NEIRA JY VALENZUELA GD NOBREGA JA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Analisis Instrumental, Fac. Farmacia, Univ. Concepcion, PO Box 237, Concepcion, Chile. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 13 (1). 1998. 29-35. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A critical evaluation of the use of chemical modifiers ((NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4 and Pd as Pd(NO3)2) for the determination of Ph in acid-digested blood and hair was performed in a non-enclosed tungsten coil atomizer. A comparison of the analytical performance of Ph in each modifier showed good sensitivity for peak height absorbance measurements (10-11 pg, characteristic mass (mo)); the best detection limit (1 mug l-1, 3sigmablank/slope) and within-run reproducibility (2.2% as RSD) corresponded to Ph in Pd. The proposed procedure was validated with certified reference materials of human hair (BCR CRM 397, GBW-09101 and GBW-07601) and blood (BCR CRM 194 and BCR CRM 195), and all results were in good agreement with the certified values (at a 95% confidence level), Also, the results were comparable to those obtained by ETAAS with a graphite tube. The results obtained with Pd as chemical modifier were accurate and more precise than with phosphates; the mean relative error

was 2 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS SKIN POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Methods Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Blood Integumentary System-General Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/09730 316 TITLE: Public Health Assessment for Li Tungsten Corporation, Glen Cove, Nassau County, New York, Region 2. CERCLIS No. NYD986882660. AUTHORS: Anon AUTHOR ADDRESS: New York State Dept. of Health, Albany. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 09, 1994 ABSTRACT: TD3: The Li Tungsten Site, which is on the National Priorities List, is on the North Shore of Nassau County, near Hempstead Harbor in the City of Glen Cove. Low levels of radioactive slag are in piles throughout the site and drums of radioactive slag are in an on-site building. Trespassers have

probably come in contact with on-site surface soils, waste water, and sediment contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and metals. Trespassers may have also been exposed to external gamma radiation from on-site drums and piles of low level radioactive slag/ore. Glen Cove Creek sediments are contaminated with metals and people could be exposed to contaminants if sediments are dredged and placed where they may be available for human contact. Preliminary rept. Sponsored by Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA. KEYWORDS: Public health Risk assessment Health hazards ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB94-142072, 66p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA. ENTRY MONTH: 199406 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB94-142072 317 TITLE: TRANSFORMATION OF HUMAN CELLS BY TUNGSTEN IN COMBINATION WITH NICKEL AND COBALT METAL AUTHORS: MILLER AC WHITTAKER T XU J PAGE N SOURCE: 89TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER RESEARCH, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA, MARCH 28-APRIL 1, 1998. PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER RESEARCH ANNUAL MEETING; 39 (0). 1998. 119. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEETING ABSTRACT HUMAN CELL BIOLOGY TUMOR BIOLOGY CARCINOGENESIS CELLULAR TRANSFORMATION TUNGSTEN CARCINOGEN NICKEL HEAVY METALS COBALT METAL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN

POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY CARCINOGENS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PAMRE ENTRY MONTH: 199806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/15270 318 TITLE: Quantitative Spark-Source Analysis of UO sub 2 -PuO sub 2 for Rare Earths and Tantalum, Tungsten AUTHORS: Alkire GJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Hanford Engineering Development Lab., Richland, WA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 26, 1981 ABSTRACT: TD3: A quantitative analytical technique good to 20% for the determination of Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ta, and W in Pu-U mixed oxides by spark source mass spectrography has been developed. The technique uses La as an added internal standard and an electronic integrator to measure peak areas of each line photometered on the densitometer. 3 tables. (ERA citation 06:031034) KEYWORDS: Dysprosium Europium Gadolinium Mixed oxide fuels Plutonium dioxide

Samarium Tantalum Tungsten Uranium dioxide ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE81026498, 6p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198202 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE81026498 319 TITLE: Non-Noble Catalysts and Catalyst Supports for Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells. 1ST Quarterly Report, August-November 1980 AUTHORS: McAlister AJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC. National Measurement Lab. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 17, 1981 ABSTRACT: TD3: Tungsten carbide, which is known to be active for hydrogen oxidation and CO tolerant has a hexagonal structure. Titanium carbide is inactive and has a cubic structure. Four different samples of the cubic alloys W/sub x-1i/sub x/C were prepared and found to be active and CO tolerant. These alloys are of interest as possible phosphoric acid fuel cell catalysts. They also are of interest as opportunities to study the activity of W in a different crystalline environment and to correlate the activities of the surface sites with surface composition. Research is reported. (ERA citation 06:015765) KEYWORDS: Acid electrolyte fuel cells Catalyst supports Electrocatalysts Titanium carbides Tungsten carbides ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DOE/NASA/6229-1, 13p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC.

ENTRY MONTH: 198109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DOE/NASA/6229-1 320 TITLE: Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Nonferrous Metals Point Source Category. Volume 3. Supplemental Development Documents for: Primary Tungsten, Primary Columbium - Tantalum, Secondary Silver, Secondary Lead, Secondary Aluminum, and Secondary Copper, AUTHORS: Berlow JR Hall EP AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Effluent Guidelines Div. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 20, 1983 ABSTRACT: TD3: Volume III contains the Supplemental Development Documents for: Primary Tungsten, Primary Columbium - Tantalum, Secondary Silver, Secondary Lead, Secondary Aluminum, and Secondary Copper. This document presents data rationale and technical aspects of the proposed effluent limitations and standard for the Nonferrous Metals Point Source Category published in the Federal Register on February 17, 1983 (48 FR 7032-34). See also Volume 2, PB83-228304. KEYWORDS: Water pollution control Guidelines Standards Point sources Nonferrous smelting industry ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB83-228312, Also available in set of 3 reports PC E99, PB83-228288., 1078p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A99/MF E04 ENTRY MONTH: 198311 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB83-228312

321 TITLE: Electrochemical Redox Behavior of the Hexakis-(Aryl Isocyanide) Complexes of Molybdenum(O) and Tungsten(O), AUTHORS: Bohling DA Mann KR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. Dept. of Chemistry. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1986 ABSTRACT: TD3: The hexakis(alkyl isocynanide) and hexakis(arylisocyanide) complexes of chromium, Cr(CNR)6(n+) and Cr(CNAr)6(n+), are noteworthy for their well-defined redox chemistry and the range of accessible stable oxidation states (n can be 3, 2, 1 or 0). In contrast to this situation, solutions of the hexakis(phenyl isocyanide) complexes Mo(CNPh)6 and W(CNPh)6 in 0.2 M tetra-n-butylammonium hexa-fluorophosphate(TBAH)-dichloromethane possess a reversible one-electron oxidation at E sub 1/2 = -0.2 V vs. SCE, and a second oxidation at E sub pa = +0.48 V (Mo), or +0.44 V (W) vs. SCE, that is chemically irreversible when the bulk electrolytes of solutions of Mo(CNPh)6 and W(CHPh)6 in 0.2 M TBAH-CH2Cl2 were carried out at a potential (+0.6 V) that was positive of the second (irreversible) oxidation then the corresponding seven coordinate dictation M(CNPH)7(2+) was the major product, implying that the very reactive 16-electron six-coordinate species M(CNPh)6(2+) can scavenge phenyl isocyanide. In an effort to ex KEYWORDS: Cyanides Molybdenum compounds Tungsten compounds Oxidation reduction reactions Organometallic compounds ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AD-A169 260/7, 5p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, NC. ENTRY MONTH: 198612 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AD-A169 260/7 322 TITLE: Development of antiviral agents for the treatment of human

immunodeficiency virus infection AUTHORS: Tartaglione TA Collier AC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. of Infect. Dis., Harborview Med. Ctr. ZA-89, 325 Ninth Ave., Seattle, WA 98104 SOURCE: Clin. Pharm.; VOL 6 ISS Dec 1987, P927-940, (REF 92) COMMENTS: Review ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Antiviral agents under investigation for the treatment of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are reviewed, including suramin, ribavirin, HPA-23 (ammonium 21-tungsten-9-antimoniate), foscarnet sodium (trisodium phosphonoformate; PFA), inosine pranobex (isoprinosine), zalcitabine (dideoxycytidine) and zidovudine, the only antiretroviral agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration as clinically effective against HIV. Mechanisms of action by which antiviral agents might inhibit the replication of HIV and/or eradicate its latent form in affected cells include (1) interference with the cell surface receptor for HIV, (2) prevention of uncoating of viral particles, (3) inhibition of reverse transcriptase, (4) prevention of integration and posttranscription processing, (5) interference with viral assembly and (6) interference with virus release. Most agents developed thus far work by inhibiting HIV reverse transcriptase. Zidovudine has serious side effects including neutropenia and anemia; in some patients dosage reduction or cessation of therapy may be necessary. Because treatment with zidovudine does not cure HIV infection, numerous studies are under way with other anti-HIV agents. Ultimately, combinations of agents probably will be used to suppress and eradicate HIV. This article qualifies for one hour U.S. CE credit by the ACPE. KEYWORDS: Suramin human immunodeficiency virus infection Ribavirin HPA-23 Foscarnet sodium Inosine pranobex Zalcitabine Zidovudine Antivirals Drugs HIV infection Toxicity neutropenia Dosage HIV infection therapy Combined therapy Mechanism of action CE credit Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome therapy review Ammonium 21-tungsten-9-antimoniate

Trisodium phosphonoformate PFA Isoprinosine Dideoxycytidine CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 145-63-1 145-63-1 36791-04-5 59372-48-4 63585-09-1 36703-88-5 7481-89-2 30516-87LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0278-2677 CODEN: CPHAD ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 5/11 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/88/774064 323 TITLE: Soldier who had seizures after drinking quarter of a liter of wine AUTHORS: Marquet P Francois B Vignon P Lachatre G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dept. of Pharmacol. and Toxicol., Dupuytren Hosp., 87042 Limoges, France SOURCE: Lancet; VOL 348 ISS Oct 19 1996, P1070, (REF 5) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The case of a 19-yr-old male soldier who experienced seizures after receiving 250 ml of wine that had flowed through the barrel of a 155 mm gun after several shots had been fired is reported. The patient received intravenous diazepam to stop the seizures. High concentrations of tungsten were found in biological samples as well as in the wine. His recovery was unremarkable. KEYWORDS:

Alcohols seizures Tungsten poisoning Diazepam ethyl alcohol poisoning Metals Anticonvulsants seizure therapy diazepam(Anticonvulsants Tissue levels HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 64-17-5 64-17-5 7440-33-7 439-14-5 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0023-7507 CODEN: LANCA ENTRY MONTH: 199708 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 4/15 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/97/1126075 324 TITLE: Estimated Radiation Doses from Thorium and Daughters Contained in Thoriated Welding Electrodes AUTHORS: McDowell-Boyer LM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1980 ABSTRACT: TD3: Thoriated-tungsten welding electrodes, containing 1 to 2% thoria (ThO2) by weight, are potential sources of radiation exposure to members of the general public involved in gas tungsten-arc welding. Therefore, exposure scenarios were developed to estimate potential doses associated with the distribution, use, and disposal of these commonly available consumer products. Source terms for both internal and external exposures

were estimated on the basis of documented release rates of thorium and daughters from electrodes during welding, of known thoria concentrations in electrodes, and on the basis of estimated production rates 220Rn in electrodes. KEYWORDS: Welding electrodes Radiation dosage ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/NUREG/CR-1039, 53p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC. Div. of Engineering Standards. ENTRY MONTH: 198012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/NUREG/CR-1039 325 TITLE: Optimization of the Tungsten Oxide Technique for Measurement of Atmospheric Ammonia. AUTHORS: Brown KG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1989 ABSTRACT: TD3: Hollow tubes coated with tungstic acid have been shown to be of value in the determination of ammonia and nitric acid in ambient air. Practical application of this technique was demonstrated utilizing an automated sampling system for in-flight collection and analysis of atmospheric samples. Due to time constraints these previous measurements were performed on tubes that had not been well characterized in the laboratory. As a result the experimental precision could not be accurately estimated. Since the technique was being compared to other techniques for measuring these compounds, it became necessary to perform laboratory tests which would establish the reliability of the technique. This report is a summary of these laboratory experiments as they are applied to the determination of ambient ammonia concentration. Final Report, Period Ending 31 Oct 1987, KEYWORDS: Ammonia Atmospheric composition

Gas analysis Tungsten oxides ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/N89-13831/7, 11p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198907 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/N89-13831/7 326 TITLE: Cobalt metal inhalation studies on miniature swine. AUTHORS: KERFOOT EJ FREDRICK WG DOMEIER E SOURCE: AM IND HYG ASSOC J; 36 (1). 1975 17-25 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Co is considered to be the chief component in the tungsten carbide mixture responsible for hard-metal disease. An animal inhalation study was undertaken simulating conditions under which workers in the tungsten carbide industry are exposed to Co. In this semichronic study, miniature swine were exposed to an inhalation of pure Co metal powder at concentrations of 0.1 mg/m-3 (present TLV (threshold limit value)) and 1.0 mg/m-3. At periodic intervals, the following studies were performed: pulmonary function tests, ECG, x-ray examinations, blood and urine tests, electron microscopy and light microscopic pathology. Early detection of pulmonary disease was apparent from the pulmonary function tests showing a marked decrease in lung compliance, and from electron microscopy showing an increase in the amount of septal collagen. The present TLV of 0.1 mg/m-3 for Co seems to be too high, even at this relatively brief duration of exposure. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/09191 327 TITLE: Metals. AUTHORS: Sokas RK AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC. SOURCE: Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace 1998;:123-61 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Pregnancy/DRUG EFFECTS Animal Human Male Female Metals/*TOXICITY Reproduction/*DRUG EFFECTS Occupational Exposure/PREVENTION & CONTROL Environmental Exposure Breast Feeding CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN 13473-90-0 7446-70-0 1332-81-6 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 7439-92-1 7440-43-9 7439-97-6 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7631-89-2 7784-41-0 10326-27-9 13597-99-4 7787-47-5 1304-56-9 7440-47-3 7440-50-8 7440-74-6 13770-61-1 7439-89-6 301-04-2 1313-13-9 7773-01-5 7439-96-5 115-09-3 7487-94-7 22967-92-6 7439-98-7

7440-02-0 13463-39-3 7718-54-9 7782-49-2 14124-67-5 7440-39-3 1464-42-2 13494-80-9 7440-28-0 1066-45-1 900-95-8 13463-67-7 1271-19-8 11130-73-7 7440-61-1 541-09-3 6159-44-0 10102-06-4 13718-26-8 1314-62-1 7646-85-7 554-13-2 64-02-8 2418-14-6 2531-75-1 7429-90-5 7440-41-7 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 1314-13-2 15502-74-6 513-77-9 1317-35-7 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-442-02042-2 PUBLICATION TYPES: CHAPTER ENTRY MONTH: 200106 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/1000015 LAST REVISION DATE: 20010618 328 TITLE: Doses from the Use of Welding Electrodes Alloyed with Thorium Oxide

AUTHORS: Stranden E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Statens Inst. for Straalehygiene, Oslo (Norway). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 19, 1981 ABSTRACT: TD3: In tungsten inert gas welding the electrodes are alloyed with 1-2% thorium oxide to improve the welding properties. This has been found to form an aerosol with average particle size of about 0.1 mu m. Previously reported values for activity in air near the head and thorax of a welder are used to calculate the radiation dose from inhalation under both conservative and realistic conditions. These values are compared with the annual limit of intake (ALI) specified by the ICRP in 1979 for thorium 232 and thorium 230, giving a conservative estimate of 48% of the ALI and a realistic estimate of 7%. It is concluded that there is no reason to forbid the use of thoriom alloyed welding electrodes at present, but that the matter should be followed up, and the use of these electrodes limited as far as possible. (Atomindex citation 11:562240) KEYWORDS: Gas tungsten-arc welding Personnel Radioactive aerosols Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/SIS-1980:8, U.S. Sales Only., 9p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198110 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/SIS-1980:8 329 TITLE: CATALYTIC ASYMMETRIC EPOXIDATION AUTHORS: HALTERMAN RL AUTHOR ADDRESS: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, 620 PARRINGTON OVAL, NORMAN, OK 73019 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ Due to significance of chiral epoxides as biologically active

substances and as intermediates in their synthesis, efficient methods for asymmetric epoxidation are important. A good direct asymmetric catalyst route to enantiomerically enriched epoxides not containing coordinating functional groups is lacking. The absence of this methodology is exemplified by the inability to synthesize sufficient quantities of the carcinogen (+) anti- benz (a)pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide to enable informative structural studies to be done on its DNA adducts. The current methods for synthesizing this epoxide rely on chromatographic separation of small amounts of diastereomeric derivatives and could be greatly improved be asymmetric epoxidation methods. We intend to develop a general means for obtaining unfunctionalized chiral epoxides in high enantiometric purity by utilized asymmetric organometallic catalysis. The catalysts will contain ligands designed to enable the placement of sterically different groups in an asymmetric environment about the reactive metal site. Chiral bis(cyclopentadienyl)niobium and tungsten catalysts for the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes and for the kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides will be based on C2- symmetrical binaphtylcycopentadiene and substituted bicyclooctcyciopentadienes. Application of this epoxidation methodology will enable the enantioselective synthesis of a wide range of biologically significant compounds. We propose as an important and illustrative example, the asymmetric synthesis of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites needed for DNA-adduct studies. KEYWORDS: alkene adduct diene catalyst stereoisomer molecular asymmetry benzopyrene heterocyclic polycyclic compound drug design /synthesis /production mutagen organometallic compound tungsten carcinogen epoxide CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: OKLAHOMA ENTRY MONTH: 199403 ZIP CODE: 73019

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/94/GM42735-04 AWARD TYPE: G 330 TITLE: CATALYTIC ASYMETRIC EPOXIDATION AUTHORS: HALTERMAN RL AUTHOR ADDRESS: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, 620 PARRINGTON OVAL, NORMAN, OK 73019 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ Due to significance of chiral epoxides as biologically active substances and as intermediates in their synthesis, efficient methods for asymmetric epoxidation are important. A good direct asymmetric catalyst route to enantiomerically enriched epoxides not containing coordinating functional groups is lacking. The absence of this methodology is exemplified by the inability to synthesize sufficient quantities of the carcinogen (+) anti- benz (a)pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide to enable informative structural studies to be done on its DNA adducts. The current methods for synthesizing this epoxide rely on chromatographic separation of small amounts of diastereomeric derivatives and could be greatly improved be asymmetric epoxidation methods. We intend to develop a general means for obtaining unfunctionalized chiral epoxides in high enantiometric purity by utilized asymmetric organometallic catalysis. The catalysts will contain ligands designed to enable the placement of sterically different groups in an asymmetric environment about the reactive metal site. Chiral bis(cyclopentadienyl)niobium and tungsten catalysts for the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes and for the kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides will be based on C2- symmetrical binaphtylcycopentadiene and substituted bicyclooctcyciopentadienes. Application of this epoxidation methodology will enable the enantioselective synthesis of a wide range of biologically significant compounds. We propose as an important and illustrative example, the asymmetric synthesis of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites needed for DNA-adduct studies. KEYWORDS: alkene adduct diene catalyst stereoisomer molecular asymmetry benzopyrene heterocyclic polycyclic compound drug design /synthesis /production

mutagen organometallic compound tungsten carcinogen epoxide CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: OKLAHOMA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 ZIP CODE: 73019 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/95/GM42735-06 AWARD TYPE: G 331 TITLE: CATALYTIC ASYMMETRIC EPOXIDATION AUTHORS: HALTERMAN RL AUTHOR ADDRESS: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, 620 PARRINGTON OVAL, NORMAN, OK 73019 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ Due to significance of chiral epoxides as biologically active substances and as intermediates in their synthesis, efficient methods for asymmetric epoxidation are important. A good direct asymmetric catalyst route to enantiomerically enriched epoxides not containing coordinating functional groups is lacking. The absence of this methodology is exemplified by the inability to synthesize sufficient quantities of the carcinogen (+) anti- benz (a)pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide to enable informative structural studies to be done on its DNA adducts. The current methods for synthesizing this epoxide rely on chromatographic separation of small amounts of diastereomeric derivatives and could be greatly improved be asymmetric epoxidation methods.

We intend to develop a general means for obtaining unfunctionalized chiral epoxides in high enantiometric purity by utilized asymmetric organometallic catalysis. The catalysts will contain ligands designed to enable the placement of sterically different groups in an asymmetric environment about the reactive metal site. Chiral bis(cyclopentadienyl)niobium and tungsten catalysts for the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes and for the kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides will be based on C2- symmetrical binaphtylcycopentadiene and substituted bicyclooctcyciopentadienes. Application of this epoxidation methodology will enable the enantioselective synthesis of a wide range of biologically significant compounds. We propose as an important and illustrative example, the asymmetric synthesis of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites needed for DNA-adduct studies. KEYWORDS: alkene adduct diene catalyst stereoisomer molecular asymmetry benzopyrene heterocyclic polycyclic compound drug design /synthesis /production mutagen organometallic compound tungsten carcinogen epoxide CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: OKLAHOMA ENTRY MONTH: 199403 ZIP CODE: 73019 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/94/GM42735-05 AWARD TYPE: G

332 TITLE: CESIUM-131 SOURCES FOR BRACHYTHERAPY AUTHORS: SUTHANTHIRAN K AUTHOR ADDRESS: BEST INDUSTRIES, INC, 7643 FULLERTON RD, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22153 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ Low energy X and Gamma ray sources such as Cs-131 (9.7 Days T1/2, 30 keV) are extremely useful in cancer therapy with obvious advantages such as ease of shielding, useful range in tissue. Since Cs-131 is capable of forming insoluble metal complexes with metal salts such as Ammonium Molybdophosphate, it is intended to exploit this property of Cesium in the proposed study. The purpose of the present study is to explore the feasibility of commercially manufacturing radioactive sources of Cs-131 technologically superior and better capable than existing ones, of providing uniform distribution of radioactivity and desirable safety characteristics. We plan to accomplish the proposed project as follows: a. Complex formation with a suitable metal as a substrate, from which Cesium does not dissociate. b. Seed manufacture, consisting of central tungsten core coated with a suitable metal complex; film manufacture, consisting of suitable membrane coated with a suitable metal complex. c. Evaluation of radioactive source integrity against leakage using conventional procedures. d. Evaluation of uniformity of dose distribution in the radioactive source and clinical potential by dose and dose rate measurements. KEYWORDS: biomaterial evaluation biomaterial development /preparation metal complex cesium tungsten neoplasm /cancer radionuclide therapy gamma radiation X ray radiation dosage radiation protection radiochemistry method development CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE COUNTRY OR STATE: VIRGINIA

ENTRY MONTH: 199507 ZIP CODE: 22153 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/95/CA62664-01 AWARD TYPE: G 333 TITLE: Metals, Hard AUTHORS: Moschinski G SOURCE: Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety, Vol. 2, pages 1345-1346, 5 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: The uses and hazards of hard cemented or sintered metal carbides (hard metals) are reviewed. These metals were first developed in Germany and the disease associated with these carbides is known as hard metal disease. The carbides are composed of small particles of carbides of high melting point heavy metals held together by binders of the iron group. The carbide most commonly employed is that of tungsten (7440337) but others may be used to give the product specific characteristics. The normal binder metal is cobalt (7440484) but iron (7439896) and nickel (7440020) may be used. The carbides and binder are mixed and ground in a ball mill and then pre sintered for shaping blanks, which undergo final sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The finished product is extremely hard. Airborne concentrations of dust can be produced during formulation. Exposure to these carbide dusts is associated with fibrotic changes of the lungs, dyspnea, coughing, and expectoration. In contrast to silicosis, lateral areas of the lung are less affected. Respiratory insufficiency occurs at early stages. Hard metal disease is defined as a serious occupational condition similar to bronchoalveolitis, capable of developing into interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. The nature and concentration of the airborne dusts are important. When cobalt is present mixtures are more toxic. The essential of any preventive program is effective dust control, with local exhaust in particular. New cases of hard metal disease have been prevented where dust control is adequate. The author concludes that as soon as lung changes due to hard metal dusts are suspected, the worker should be removed from occupational exposure. KEYWORDS: DCN-135312 Industrial dusts Metallic dusts Occupational respiratory disease Respirable dust Biological effects

Occupational medicine Industrial medicine Health protection Quantitative analysis Pathomorphology Airborne particles CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 7439-89-6 7440-02-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00148566 334 TITLE: EMBRYOTOXIC AND TERATOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DIETARY SULFITE IN SULFITE OXIDASE DEFICIENT RATS AUTHORS: CHIANG G DULAK L GUNNISON AF SOURCE: TOXICOLOGIST 1:30,1981 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS, WISTAR TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, RAT NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): SULFITE OXIDASE DEFICIENCY; NO CASRN DIET,HIGH TUNGSTEN/LOW MOLYBDENUM; NO CASRN TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 ASSAY METHOD: VIABILITY, FERTILITY AND MORTALITY GROWTH MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 PUBLICATION TYPES: ABSTRACT JOURNAL TITLE CODE: TOXID

TITLE ABBREVIATION: TOXICOLOGIST YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/23544 335 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA 81-212-1169, N.P.C. Systems, Inc., Milford, New Hampshire, AUTHORS: McManus KP AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1984 ABSTRACT: TD3: On March 2, 1981, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request for a Health Hazard Evaluation at N.P.C. Systems, Inc., Milford, New Hampshire. The request stated that employee exposure to copper, tungsten, and zinc may have led to one case of heavy metal poisoning. On January 6, 1982, a NIOSH industrial hygienist conducted a walk-through survey of the plant. The operation evaluated during this investigation involved the manufacture of diamond impregnated segments for the core drills. Environmental sampling results for all materials sampled were well below established criteria. Based on the results of the environmental evaluation, NIOSH investigators determined that current employee exposure to cadmium, copper, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, and zinc did not present a health hazard. KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Machine tools Toxic substances Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB84-149111, 14p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198408 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB84-149111

336 TITLE: Patch Testing with Sodium Tungstate AUTHORS: Rystedt I Fischer T Lagerholm B SOURCE: Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 9, No. 1, pages 69-73, 15 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Skin reactions to sodium-tungstate (13472452) (ST) were studied. Eight hundred fifty three workers who had been in hard metal manufacturing, where tungsten-carbide was processed with metallic cobalt (7440484), were patch tested with 5 percent ST in petrolatum. Fifty workers who had various degrees of response to tungstate were retested with 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.62, 0.31, and 0.15 percent ST in water solutions. Twenty one of the ST sensitive individuals and 16 comparison subjects were also patch tested with 10 and 20 percent ST in petrolatum and water. The response was graded in four categories. Reaction type-I was described as erythema and edema present, reaction type-II as erythema only, reaction type-III as a porite reaction, and reaction type-IV as follicular pustules. Most of the 55 reactions appeared with 5 percent ST in petrolatum. There were two type-II and two type-IV reactions with the 2.5 percent ST concentration. No papular or vesicular reactions were observed. One worker had pustular reactions to 20 percent ST in petrolatum and in water. Positive allergic reactions to cobalt were seen in four of the 17 workers with initial pustular ST reactions. Acne vulgaris was found in two of the 17 individuals with pustular ST reactions. Negative bacterial cultures were obtained from pustules. The dominant histopathological picture pustular reaction (type-IV) was of a dermatitis with perifolliculitis with distinct supra and intrafollicular abscess formation, while inflammatory changes characterizing type-III reactions appeared to represent an early stage of pustular reactions. The authors conclude that ST is an irritant and not an allergen. KEYWORDS: DCN-159216 Tungsten compounds Cobalt compounds Skin tests Contact dermatitis Occupational exposure Dose response Histopathology Metal workers Skin irritants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13472-45-2 13472-45-2 7440-48-4 CODEN: CODEDG ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00170336 337 TITLE: Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Report: Furnace Operator Dies After Being Overcome by Argon Gas in Pressure Vessel in South Carolina, May 9, 1991. AUTHORS: Anon AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV. Div. of Safety Research. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 18, 1992 ABSTRACT: TD3: The case of a 43 year old male furnace operator who died after being overcome by argon (7440371) gas in a pressure vessel measuring 3 feet 6 inches in diameter by 7 feet 6 inches deep. The employer was a tungsten-carbide steel fabrication facility that employed 150 workers, including nine furnace operators. At the time of the accident the victim had been summoned by the vessel tender to enter the vessel and retrieve three tungsten-carbide steel objects dropped during the unloading process. The victim was lowered into the vessel by holding onto the hook of the overhead crane used to unload the vessel. He had retrieved one of the objects and handed it to the vessel tender. He squatted down to reach under the internal heating element and retrieve the second object when he was overcome by residual argon gas at the bottom of the vessel. The victim was removed from the vessel about 35 minutes later. The cause of death was an oxygen deficient atmosphere. It was recommended that a written safety policy KEYWORDS: Occupational safety and health Industrial safety Safety measures Environmental surveys Toxic substances Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB92-193754, 10p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199211 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NTIS/PB92-193754 338 TITLE: Cobalt in hard metal manufacturing dusts AUTHORS: Koponen M Gustafsson T Kalliomaki PL SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal Sep. 1982, Vol.43, No.9, p.645-651. Illus. 10 ref. ABSTRACT: Cobalt-containing airborne dusts from cemented-carbide manufacturing and grinding processes were analysed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Cobalt (Co) existed as separate particles only in the dust from the mixing of raw material powders. In the dust from pressing, forming and grinding of carbide inserts, Co seems to appear mainly in contact with tungsten-carbide particles. The dusts contained 5-10% Co and 60-80% tungsten at different phases of the process. Co is the magnetic component of these dusts. The content of ferromagnetic |-Co in dust from the different process stages is sufficient for measurement of lung-retained contaminants in hard metal workers. KEYWORDS: CEMENTED CARBIDES RESPIRABLE DUST COBALT DUST ANALYSIS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/83/01231 339 TITLE: Mine Particulate Size Characterization AUTHORS:

Welker RW Eisenberg W Semmler RA SOURCE: Aerosols in the Mining and Industrial Work Environments, Vol. 2, No. 1, pages 455-480, 14 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: The characterization of airborne dusts in underground mineral mines was studied. Sampling was done using a cascade impactor in an underground tungsten (7440337) mine. The size distribution of airborne particulates was determined. Samples obtained were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray diffraction spectra. The amount of trace elements in the environment was quantitated. Sampling was done over ten work shifts. Mineral dust was present in up to 76 percent of the respirable dust, and 24 percent of the dust was diesel exhaust particles. HPLC analysis showed that the organic extractable compounds were in concentrations between 0.11 and 0.35 microgram per cubic meter (microg/m3). Four classes of potentially hazardous materials were identified: trace elements such as lead (7439921), mercury (7439976), and arsenic (7440382); minerals such as asbestos (1332214), and silica (7631869); polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from diesel exhausts; and mixtures such as coal, dust, and welding fumes. X-ray fluorescence did not show a significant quantity of trace metals in the dust. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed the benzenes of quartz (14808607) as the only silica polymorph. Quartz represented 3 to 7 percent of the respirable dust and ranged between 30 and 125microg/m3. The authors conclude that multiple analyses are required in the characterization of airborne particulates of underground environments. KEYWORDS: DCN-136782 Chemical composition Aerosol sampling Industrial chemicals Air quality Particulate dust Chemical extraction Work performance Air sampling Worker health Particulates Industrial environment CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-33-7 7439-92-1 7439-97-6 7440-38-2 1332-21-4 7631-86-9 14808-60-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150278 340 TITLE: Shielding design of electron beam stop for Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrotest Facility (DARHT). AUTHORS: Brown TH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Los Alamos National Lab., NM. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 19, 1996 ABSTRACT: TD3: An electron beam stop was designed to allow workers to be present in the experimental area while the accelerators are producing electron beam pulses. The beam stop is composed of a graphite region to stop the electron pulses and a surrounding tungsten region to attenuate photons produced by electron transport in the graphite. Radiation-transport dose calculations were performed to set the dimensions of the graphite and tungsten regions. To reduce calculational effort, electron transport in the graphite was calculated separately from photon dose transport to worker locations. The source for photon dose transport was generated by tallying photons emerging from the graphite during electron transport. American Nuclear Society (ANS) Radiation Protection and Shielding Division topical meeting on advancements and applications in radiation protection and shielding, Falmouth, MA (United States), 21-25 Apr 1996. Sponsored by Department of Energy, Washington, DC. KEYWORDS: Linear Accelerators Shields ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE96007200, 9p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199610 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE96007200 341 TITLE: Cobalt

AUTHORS: Barceloux DG SOURCE: Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology 1999, Vol.37, No.2, p.201-216. 111 ref. ABSTRACT: In the occupational setting, exposure to cobalt alone occurs primarily during the production of cobalt powders. In other industrial exposures (e.g., hard metal, diamond polishing), additional agents (tungsten) modulate the toxicity of cobalt. An interstitial pulmonary fibrosis has been associated with industrial exposure to hard metal dust containing tungsten and cobalt, but not to cobalt alone. Exposure to cobalt alone produces an allergic contact dermatitis and occupational asthma. Treatment of cobalt toxicity is primarily supportive. Topics: acute toxicity; asthma; vitamin B12; cobalt; chronic toxicity; cobalt and compounds; determination in blood; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; hard metal pneumoconiosis; health hazards; literature survey; medical treatment; metabolic process; myocardial diseases; pulmonary fibrosis; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; thyroid disorders; toxicology; urinary excretion. KEYWORDS: COBALT AND COMPOUNDS HEALTH HAZARDS TOXICOLOGY LITERATURE SURVEY ACUTE TOXICITY CHRONIC TOXICITY ASTHMA DETERMINATION IN BLOOD DETERMINATION IN URINE DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP SENSITIZATION DERMATITIS HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS MEDICAL TREATMENT METABOLIC PROCESS MYOCARDIAL DISEASES PULMONARY FIBROSIS SKIN ALLERGIES THYROID DISORDERS URINARY EXCRETION CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68-19-9 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0731-3810 PUBLICATION TYPES: Journal Article ENTRY MONTH: 200004 CLASSIFICATION CODE:

120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/99/01939 342 TITLE: Discovery of tunsten-181 and tungsten-185 in fallout. AUTHORS: DE FRANCESCHI L GENTILI A GREMIGNI G GUIDI P SOURCE: MINERVA FISICONUCL G FIS SANIT PROT CONTRO; 15 (1). 1971 20-27 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The identification of radioactive tungsten in air samples taken at the radiation monitoring station at Pisa, Italy, just before the 1968 pre-Christmas holiday season is reported. Beta activity of the air filters were equivalent to 1.27 pc/m-3 or 20 times as high as the day before. This event was traced in both Italy and France to subterranean nuclear test in Nevada, USA on Dec. 8. Reports of W-181 and W-185 also were reported. Tests for the presence of several other radioactive elements also were positive. Chemical separation of radioactive W from air samples is described. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14932-53-7 15749-46-9 CODEN: MFISA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/05172 343 TITLE: Automated characterization of particles extracted from human lungs: 3 cases of tungsten carbide exposure. AUTHORS: STETTLER LE GROTH DH PLATEK SF AUTHOR ADDRESS: NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226.

SOURCE: SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSC; 1983 (1). 1983. 439-448. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An automated scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray analysis-image analysis system was used to characterize particles extracted from 3 human lung samples which had suspected occupationally-induced lung disease. The particles were isolated from the lung tissues by low temperature ashing and deposited on Nuclepore filters. Particles in randomly selected fields of view for each filter were automatically sized, analyzed for 32 elements and classified according to their chemistry by the system. For each lung specimen, large numbers of particles were found which indicated exposure to cemented tungsten carbide products. The particle analysis data was collected at a rate of 200 particles/h which was faster than the rate at which manual, in situ analyses can be performed. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SEMYB ENTRY MONTH: 198405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/84/05959 344 TITLE: Preliminary Disposal Analysis for Selected Accelerator Production of Tritium Waste Streams. AUTHORS: Ades MJ England JL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 20, 1998 ABSTRACT: TD3: A preliminary analysis was performed for two selected Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) generated mixed and low-level waste streams to determine if one mixed low-level waste (MLLW) stream that includes the Mixed Waste Lead (MWL) can be disposed of at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and at the Hanford Site and if one low-level radioactive waste (LLW) stream, that includes the Tungsten waste stream (TWS) generated by the Tungsten Neutron Source modules and used in the Targetlanket cavity vessel, can be disposed of in the LLW Vaults at the Savannah River Plant (SRP). The preliminary disposal analysis that the radionuclide concentrations of the two selected APT waste streams are not in full

compliance with the Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC) and the Performance Assessment (PA) radionuclide limits of the disposal sites considered. Annual meeting of the American Nuclear Society, Nashville, TN (United States), 7-12 Jun 1998. Sponsored by Department of Energy, Washington, DC. KEYWORDS: Waste disposal Accelerators Chemical Wastes Radioactive Wastes Tritium ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE98051721, Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA., 7p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE98051721 345 TITLE: Effects of exposure to cobalt in tungsten carbide manufacturing. A five-year follow-up study AUTHORS: Alexandersson R Randma E SOURCE: Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1986. 19p. 21 ref. ABSTRACT: Previous studies have shown that an average exposure of 0.06mg Co/m|3| may have both an acute and a chronic (mainly obstructive) effect on pulmonary function. Pulmonary function in 27 workers exposed to cobalt and 19 non-exposed controls from the same enterprise was determined in a 5-year follow-up study. The mean exposure to cobalt decreased from 0.08mg/m|3| to 0.03mg/m|3| during the period of study as a result of environment improvement measures. However, additional impairment of pulmonary function still occurred in smokers exposed to cobalt. Annual impairment in FEV[1][.][0] amounted to 44mL/year in addition to the normal age-related impairment. KEYWORDS:

COBALT AND COMPOUNDS RESPIRATORY IMPAIRMENT SMOKING TUNGSTEN CARBIDE LONG-TERM STUDY ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: swe PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 198908 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/89/00599 346 TITLE: THE INFLUENCE OF TUNGSTEN, MOLIBDENUM, COPPER AND ARSENIC ON THE INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FETUS AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG GENKINA SB ARKHIPENKO TA SOURCE: FARMAKOL TOKSIKOL(MOSCOW) 41:620-623,1978 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, RAT SEX TREATED: FEMALE NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 MOLYBDENUM; 7439-98-7 COPPER; 7440-50-8 ARSENIC; 7440-38-2 ASSAY METHOD: VIABILITY, FERTILITY AND MORTALITY MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

MATERNAL-FETAL EXCHANGE EXTRA-EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 LANGUAGE: rus eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL JOURNAL TITLE CODE: FATOA TITLE ABBREVIATION: FARMAKOL TOKSIKOL(MOSCOW) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/41174 347 TITLE: Inexpensive sources for solar simulation in photostability testing. AUTHORS: SAYRE RM DOWDY JC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Rapid Precision Testing Laboratories, Cordova, TN, USA. SOURCE: TWENTY SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, JULY 10-15,1999.YPHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY; 69 (SPEC. ISSUE.). 1999. 57S. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM INEXPENSIVE SOURCES FOR SOLAR SIMULATION IN PHOTOSTABILITY TESTINGYMEETING ABSTRACT PHOTOSTABILITY TESTING SOLAR SIMULATION TUNGSTEN MERCURY TUNGSTEN MERCURY SOLAR SIMULATION SOURCE FLUORESCENT SOLAR SIMULATION SOURCE QUARTZ HALOGEN SOLAR SIMULATION SOURCE INDOOR TANNING INDUSTRY PHOSPHOR UVB RADIATION FLUORESCENT BULBS UVA RADIATION ECONOMICS METHODOLOGY RADIATION BIOLOGY ANALYTICAL METHOD EQUIPMENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION

BIOPHYSICS/METHODS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PHCBA ENTRY MONTH: 200005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/05947 348 TITLE: ANALYSIS OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN DOMESTIC DETERGENTS BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION AFTER THE ELIMINATION OF SODIUM AUTHORS: SAINT-PIERRE J ZIKOVSKY L SOURCE: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1981 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, PART 3, TORONTO, ONT., CANADA, JUNE 15-19, 1981. J RADIOANAL CHEM; 71 (1-2). 1982. 19-28. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. SEWAGE METAL POLLUTION CANADA CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7726-95-6 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7439-96-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: JRACB ENTRY MONTH: 198308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/09856 349 TITLE: COMBINED EFFECT OF TUNGSTEN AND SULFUR DI OXIDE ON THE BODY AUTHORS: TKACHEV PG VORONOV VP SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (7). 1982. 81-82. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. NOTE ANIMAL AIR POLLUTION SYNERGISM CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7446-09-5 7446-09-5 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 198401 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/84/01903 350 TITLE: Heavy metals as trace constituents in natural groundwaters and polluted. AUTHORS: MATTHESS G SOURCE: GEOL MIJNBOUW; 53 (4). 1974 149-156 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The natural and man-made concentrations of heavy metals are discussed in terms of their abundance, geochemical mobility and physiological effects on man. The many gaps of geochemical information about heavy elements in the ground should be filled, especially for those elements which are important to human health. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-36-0

7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-14-4 7440-02-0 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 CODEN: GEMIA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/10956 351 TITLE: Sampling of Automobile Interiors for Organic Emissions, AUTHORS: Dropkin D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Atmospheric Sciences Research Lab. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1985 ABSTRACT: TD3: A study was undertaken to determine the concentrations of N-nitrosamines (specifically N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosomorpholine), hydrogen cyanide, and other volatile organic compounds emitted from the interiors of new cars. The three cars tested were placed in an enclosed shed and heated with infrared tungsten lamps to simulate the temperature rise (heat build-up) in the interior of the cars as if the cars were sitting outdoors on a hot sunny day. The air inside the car as well as the air inside the shed was sampled during the entire temperature rise of 'heat build-up' cycle (ambient, ambient to 60C, and 60C). These air samples were pulled through cartridges containing adsorbents such as Thermosorb (specifically to collect for N-nitrosamines) and Tenax (used to collect volatile organic compounds), as well as pulling the air through impingers and also into Tedlar bags to analyze for hydrogen cyanide. Low concentrations of N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosomorpholine were measured in the KEYWORDS: Air pollution Automobiles Nitroso compounds Amines Indoor air pollution

Air pollution sampling Volatile organic compounds ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB85-172567, 29p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB85-172567 352 TITLE: Kema Scientific and Technical Reports: Volume 3, Number 6. Selective Catalytic Removal of NO from Stationary Sources, AUTHORS: Janssen FJJG van den Kerkhof FMG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Keuring van Electrotechnische Materialen N.V., Arnhem (Netherlands). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 05, 1986 ABSTRACT: TD3: The paper presents a survey of past and planned research at KEMA on selective catalytic removal of nitric oxide with ammonia in order to develop practical catalysts for use under conditions that are likely to occur in flue gases. Catalysts suitable for the selective reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia are known to include vanadium, tungsten and iron oxides supported on oxides such as silica, titania and alumina. Investigations now in progress deal with the effect of the NO3 ratio, space-velocity and oxygen on the reduction reactions. The effects of catalysts on the ammonia and sulphur dioxide oxidation were also studied. The catalysts were characterized by using a series of conventional techniques e.g. XPS, thermoanalysis, mercury porosimetry and BET, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence, and temperature-programmed reduction. See also PB86-123486./GENETICS KEYWORDS: Nitrogen oxide(NO) Catalysts Nitrogen dioxide Air pollution control Sulfur dioxide Exhaust emissions Foreign technology Stationary sources ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB86-123494, 20p

PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC E03/MF E01 ENTRY MONTH: 198604 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB86-123494 353 TITLE: Studies of Accidents Leading to Minor Injuries in the U.K. Coal Mining Industry AUTHORS: Nussey C SOURCE: Journal of Occupational Accidents, Vol. 2, pages 305-323, 18 references, 1980 ABSTRACT: Methods used by the Safety Engineering Laboratory of the Health and Safety Executive, in cooperation with the National Coal Board, to collect information on minor injuries among coal miners in Britain were presented. Two methods of data collection were described: A conventional questionnaire conducted by Safety Officers administered to the injured worker during interviews; and an automated questionnaire, the questionnaire machine, that presents questions on a screen and records answers. A loss of balance questionnaire and a transport and handling questionnaire were administered during interviews. Detailed descriptions of the use of these questionnaires, as well as with the questionnaire machines, were presented. The results of the loss of balance survey indicated that the use of tungsten-carbide studs in new boots decreased overall loss of balance accidents by 10% and decreased the number of slipping accidents by 47% in situations involving hard surfaces covered by a thin lubricating agent. The use of supplementary information to support accident information was found to be an important aspect of data analysis allowing for a meaningful comparisons of data. Both the loss of balance survey and the transport and handling survey documented more descriptive data regarding accidents than did standard National Coal Board accident reports. This supplemental information was considered useful by Safety Staff in the development of accident prevention measures because the sequence of events leading up to minor injuries was detailed. Suggested ways of preventing accidents offered by the injured workers and Safety Staff were generally in good agreement. Recommendations for accidents attributed to system or mechanical malfunctions included better maintenance or design of hardware and improvements in surroundings such as more space. Suggestions for accidents attributed to loss of balance included maintenance improvement of track and surface underfoot of the transport system. The author concludes that interview systems are useful in understanding the factors associated with accidents leading to minor injury and the information obtained can be used to correct problem areas. KEYWORDS: DCN-233813

Mining industry Coal mining Accident analysis Accident prevention Accident statistics Occupational accidents Information processing CODEN: JOACD4 ENTRY MONTH: 199707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00233388 354 TITLE: Interictal discharges in tungsten foci and EEG seizure activity. AUTHORS: ELAZAR Z BLUM B SOURCE: EPILEPSIA; 15 (4). 1974 (RECD 1975) 599-610 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The relationship between the frequency of occurrence of interictal phenomena and seizure activity was analyzed in experimental tungstic acid epilepsy in cats. Well-organized, typical electrographic seizures took place at optimal rates of occurrence when the intervals between the interictal spikes were between 4 and 20 s. Longer intervals led to gradual disappearance of seizures and recovery from the epileptic state. Shorter intervals were incompatible with seizure activity. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: EPILA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/11380 355 TITLE: The Genetic Toxicology Of Metal Compounds: I. Induction Of Lambda Prophage In E Coli WP2S (Lambda) AUTHORS:

Rossman TG Molina M Meyer LW SOURCE: Environmental Mutagenesis, Vol. 6, No. 1, pages 59-69, 50 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: The abilities of a variety of metals to induce lambda prophage in bacteria were studied. A new microtiter assay for prophage induction was developed. All bacterial strains used were derivatives of Escherichia-coli. The test compound was incubated in wells on a test plate with bacteria for 20 hours and scored for turbidity to indicate induction of lambda prophage. Phage induction was checked using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (70257) (MNNG) as a positive control and potassium-chromate (7789006) and nickel-acetate (373024) as test agents. Nineteen carcinogenic, noncarcinogenic, and questionable metal compounds were screened. The plaque inducing capacity of MNNG was detectable at 0.25 microgram per milliliter. Both potassium-chromate and nickel-acetate caused maximum induction of lambda prophage at concentrations near growth inhibition. In addition to potassium-chromate and nickel-acetate, consistent increases in induction were seen with some salts of lead (7439921), manganese (7439965), chromium (7440473), tungsten (7440337), and molybdenum (7439987). Only chromate could cause induction in a short time at concentrations up to 2 millimoles. The others required long term exposures in a narrow range of concentrations. The assay did not detect arsenic (7440382), cadmium (7440439), or beryllium (7440417). The authors conclude that the end point measured, induction of lambda prophage, is a broad indicator and does not depend on a particular type of DNA damage. KEYWORDS: DCN-127206 Metal compounds Mutagenicity Molecular biology Deoxyribonucleic acids Chromosome damage Long term exposure Biological effects Microbial test systems Organo metallic compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 70-25-7 70-25-7 7789-00-6 373-02-4 7439-92-1 7439-96-5 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7440-38-2 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00139439 356 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 85-254-1722, United Technologies Diesel Systems, Springfield, Massachusetts, AUTHORS: Kerndt PR Rondinelli R Burr G AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1987 ABSTRACT: TD3: Due to a request from Local 206 of the International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers, an evaluation was made of effects of metal dusts which occur as a result of sharpening and repairing tools at United Technologies Diesel Systems (SIC-3541), Springfield, Massachusetts. Concentrations of cobalt (7440484) in personal air samples ranged from not detectable to 0.24mg/cu m. Respirable dust levels ranged from 0.04 to 0.72 mg/cu m. A range of 0.24 to 5.3mg/cu m was noted for total nuisance dust. Tungsten (7440337) was not detected in personal air samples. Nickel (7440020) was detected up to 5.0 micrograms/cubic meter. The authors conclude that a potential health hazard exists from airborne exposure to cobalt. Recommendations by the authors include: modifications to the local exhaust ventilation system; employee training; improvement in general housekeeping; advising employees of health effects of exposure to metal dusts; yearly pulmonary function testing; baseline chest x-rays; maintain KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Metal finishing Air pollution Toxic substances Occupational safety and health Indoor air pollution Dust inhalation ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB87-161295, 29p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198710

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB87-161295 357 TITLE: Trace Metals From Coal-Fired Power Plants: Derivation Of An Average Data Base For Assessment Studies Of The Situation In The European Communities AUTHORS: Sabbioni E Goetz L Springer A Pietra R SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 29, No. 3, pages 213-227, 15 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Trace mineral contents in hard coals burnt in European power facilities were determined. Twenty nine coal samples of European and imported coals were analyzed for 19 trace minerals using neutron activation analysis. Results were compared with data in the literature. Taking into account the mean trace mineral values and the projected amounts of coal to be burnt in the European community countries in 1990, projected trace mineral deposition was estimated for 15 of these elements. In general, concentrations of manganese (7439954) were highest, followed by zinc (7440666), vanadium (7440622), chromium (7440473), lead (7439921), copper (7440508), arsenic (7440382), and cobalt (7440484). Results varied greatly from sample to sample. For example, manganese content in 15 British coal samples ranged from 36 parts per million (ppm) to 206ppm, arsenic ranged from 1.9ppm to 63.4ppm, and zinc ranged from 4.5ppm to 130ppm. Other trace minerals found in lesser average amounts were cadmium (7440439), cobalt, europium (7440531), mercury (7439976), lanthanum (7439910), molybdenum (7439987), antimony (7440360), scandium (7440202), selenium (7782492), thorium (7440291), uranium (7440611), and tungsten (7440337). Mean trace metal contents were very similar to those given in the literature with the exceptions of cadmium, lead, and antimony. The estimated trace mineral mobilization was predicted for 1990. Emissions from coal burnt in power facilities were projected to be: arsenic, 3340 metric tons (MT); cadmium, 99.8MT; chromium, 8210MT; copper, 5620MT; mercury, 67.5MT; molybdenum, 1500MT; nickel, 9700MT; lead, 10640MT; antimony, 600MT; selenium, 505MT; thorium, 840MT; thallium, 240MT; uranium, 440MT; vanadium, 13900MT; and zinc, 19420MT. The authors conclude that general agreement of these findings with those in the literature suggests that values determined here are accurate enough for the projections performed. KEYWORDS: DCN-128672 Trace metals Electric power generation Coal products Emission sources Environmental protection Pollutants Neutron activation spectrometry

Air quality measurement Combustion products Exposure levels Chemical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-95-4 7439-95-4 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-47-3 7439-92-1 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-53-1 7439-97-6 7439-91-0 7439-98-7 7440-36-0 7440-20-2 7782-49-2 7440-29-1 7440-61-1 7440-33-7 CODEN: STENDL ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00141043 358 TITLE: The Determination Of Vanadium In Steel Samples By X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry After Precipitation With 4-Caprinoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone AUTHORS: Akama Y Hayakawa M Nakai T Kawamura F SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 157, No. 1, pages 207-210, 13 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: A method for determining vanadium(V) (22537311) in steel samples by precipitation and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was developed. Steel samples of 0.5 to 1.0 gram were dissolved in 20 milliliters (ml) aqua regia by heating to 150 degrees-C. After evaporation and cooling, the residue was dissolved again in 10ml concentrated hydrochloric-acid and

evaporated again. This residue was dissolved in 35ml of a 7 molar (M) solution hydrochloric-acid and transferred to a separatory funnel. After adding 30ml of 4-methylpentan-2-one, the funnel was vigorously shaken to remove iron. The aqueous phase was heated to drive off dissolved solvent and diluted to 100ml with water. Vanadium-IV (22541760) was oxidized to vanadium(V) by adding 0.1 percent potassium-permanganate. A portion of the sample containing 5 to 200 micrograms of vanadium(V) was diluted to 300ml with water and adjusted to pH 1 with 1M hydrochloric-acid/acetate buffer. Following addition of 2ml of 0.3 percent 4-caprinoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone, the solution was stirred and left overnight at 4 degrees-C. The precipitate was deposited on a membrane filter. The intensity of the vanadium(V) K-alpha line and its background were measured by X-ray fluorescence under specified instrument conditions. Most other metal ions were not precipitated at pH 1, but hexavalent tungsten, molybdenum(VI), and copper(II) all interfered even at moderate concentrations and required separation or masking. The calibration graph, prepared from dilutions of a stock vanadium(V) solution, was linear from 0 to 200 micrograms of vanadium(V) per 300ml, with a 1.0 percent standard deviation in five measurements at 50 micrograms. Analysis of standard steel samples yielded good agreement with certificate values. The authors conclude that the method is accurate and reproducible with a detection limit of 2 micrograms. KEYWORDS: DCN-129238 Quantitative analysis Analytical chemistry Physical chemistry Analytical methods Spectrographic analysis Trace analysis Fluorescence spectrometry Metallurgy Chemical composition Research CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22537-31-1 22537-31-1 22541-76-0 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00141695 359 TITLE: Silica AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE:

TA:IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans PG:41-242 YR:1997 IP: VI:68 ABSTRACT: Human carcinogenicity data. The evaluations for both crystalline and amorphous silica pertain to inhalation resulting from workplace exposures. Lung cancer was the primary focus. The Working Group's evaluation of the epidemiological evidence for potential causal relations between silica and cancer risk was focused principally on findings from studies that were least likely to have been distorted by confounding and selection biases. Among these studies, those that addressed exposure-response associations were especially influential in the Working Group's deliberations. Crystalline silica. Possible differences in carcinogenic potential among polymorphs of crystalline silica were considered. Some studies were of populations exposed principally to quartz. In only one study (that of United States diatomaceous earth workers) was the exposure predominantly cristobalite. Studies of mixed environments (i.e. ceramics, pottery, refractory brick) could not delineate exposures specifically to quartz or cristobalite. Although there were some indications that cancer risks varied by type of industry and process in a manner suggestive of polymorph-specific hazards, the Working Group could only reach a single evaluation for quartz and cristobalite. Nonetheless, the Working Group did note a reasonable degree of consistency across studies of workers exposed to one or both polymorphs. Ore mining. Seventeen cohort and five case-control studies were reported on ore miners potentially exposed to silica dust. The majority of these studies reported an elevated mortality for lung cancer among silica-exposed workers. However, in only a few ore mining studies were confounders such as other known occupational respiratory carcinogens taken into account. In such studies consistent evidence for a silica-lung cancer relationship was not found. Noteworthy instances where a relationship between lung cancer and crystalline silica was not detected include two independent studies of gold miners in South Dakota, United States, a study of miners in one lead and one zinc mine in Sardinia, Italy, and a study of tungsten miners in China. The results of most of the other studies could not be interpreted as an independent effect of silicaworkers were concomitantly exposed to either radon, arsenic, or both, and in some cases other known or suspected occupational respiratory carcinogens were present in the work environment (e.g. diesel exhaust, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cadmium). In a few studies, no information was provided on exposure to radon or arsenic, in spite of the likelihood of these exposures. Quarries and granite works. Six cohort studies were available for review. These studies provide important information on cancer risks because the workplace environments were generally free of reported exposures to potentially confounding agents (e.g., radon). All studies revealed lung cancer excesses. Direct quantification of silica dust exposure concentrations in relation to lung cancer risk was not conducted in any of these studies, mainly due to sparse occupational hygiene measurement data. However, some studies provided indications of exposure-response associations when surrogate dose data, such as duration of employment and category of exposure, were used. For example, findings for lung cancer include a nearly twofold mortality elevation among long-term granite shed workers in Vermont, United States, an eightfold elevation among sandstone workers in Copenhagen, Denmark, and a relative risk of roughly 3.5 among crushed granite stone workers in the United States with long duration of exposure and time since exposure onset. One study of German slate quarry workers indicated a more prominent relationship between employment duration and lung cancer among workers with silicosis than among workers without silicosis. The Working Group regarded radiographic evidence of silicosis as a marker of high exposure to silica. Ceramics, pottery, refractory brick and diatomaceous earth

industries. In refractory brick and diatomaceous earth plants, the raw materials (amorphous or crystalline silica) are processed at temperatures around 1000 degrees C with varying degrees of conversion to cristobalite. The results of two cohort studies of refractory brick workers from China and Italy and of one cohort study of diatomaceous earth workers from the USA provided consistent evidence of increased lung cancer with overall relative risks of about 1.5. In the study of refractory brick workers from China, a modest increasing trend of lung cancer was found with radiographic profusion category. A nearly twofold elevated lung cancer risk was found among long-term workers in the Italian study. In the study of United States diatomaceous earth workers, increasing exposure-response gradients were detected for both non-malignant respiratory disease and lung cancer mortality. In ceramic and pottery manufacturing plants, exposures are mainly to quartz, but where high temperatures are used in ovens, potential exposures to cristobalite may occur. In a cohort study of British pottery workers, lung cancer mortality was slightly elevated; a nested case-control analysis of lung cancer did not show an association with duration of exposure, but indicated a relationship between lung cancer mortality and average and peak exposures in firing and post-firing operations, with relative risks of approximately 2.0. In an Italian case control study, apart from a fourfold increase in lung cancer in registered silicotics, there was a small increase in lung cancer for subjects without silicosis. In a case-control study from the Netherlands, there was little relationship overall between work in ceramics and lung cancer risk, but there was some suggestion that lung cancer risk was related to cumulative exposure. Foundry workers. There were only three large cohort studies of foundry workers where silica dust or silicosis were considered as risk factors for cancer. One study from Denmark found a slightly elevated risk of lung cancer in silicotics compared with non-silicotics. Two studies, one from the United States and one from China, yielded conflicting results for lung cancer. The Chinese study suggested positive associations of silica with both lung cancer and stomach cancer, although there remained a potential for confounding by exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The United States study did not demonstrate an association of lung cancer with cumulative silica exposure. Silicotics. The vast majority of studies on registered silicotics reported excess lung cancer risks, with relative risks ranging from 1.5 to 6.0. Excesses were seen across countries, industries and time periods. A number of studies reported exposure-response gradients, using varying indicators of exposure. Some studies, in particular one from North Carolina (USA) and one from Finland, provide reasonable evidence for an unconfounded association between silicosis and lung cancer risk. Summary of findings for crystalline silica (quartz and cristobalite). For the evaluation of crystalline silica, the following studies provided the least confounded examinations of an association between silica exposure and cancer risk: (1) South Dakota, United States, gold miners; (2) Danish stone industry workers; (3) Vermont, United States, granite shed and quarry workers; (4) United States crushed stone industry workers; (5) United States diatomaceous earth industry workers; (6) Chinese refractory brick workers; (7) Italian refractory brick workers; (8) United Kingdom pottery workers; (9) Chinese pottery workers; (10) cohorts of registered silicotics from North Carolina, United States and Finland. Not all of these studies demonstrated excess cancer risks. However, in view of the relatively large number of epidemiological studies that have been undertaken and, given the wide range of populations and exposure circumstances studied, some non-uniformity of results would be expected. In some studies, increasing risk gradients have been observed in relation to dose surrogates cumulative exposure, duration of exposure or the presence of radiographically defined silicosis - a

KEYWORDS: < ANIMAL > carcinogenicity carcinogens respiratory system liver spleen dose response < HUMAN > epidemiological study occupational exposure carcinogenic effect genetic effect toxicokinetics reproductive effect gastrointestinal system ceramic industry mining dust risk assessment tobacco smoke fibres CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 14464-46-1 14808-60-7 1317-95-9 15468-32-3 112945-52-5 LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: RISKLINE/1997100008 360 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 85-415-1806, Eccles Saw and Tool Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, AUTHORS: Hunninen K Rondinelli R AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1988 ABSTRACT:

TD3: In response to an employee request, an evaluation was made of metal dust exposures from the process of sharpening saw blades and tools at the Eccles Saw and Tool Company (SIC-3541), Cincinnati, Ohio. In two personal air samples, the following concentrations were determined: cobalt (7440484), 26 and 63 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3); tungsten (7440337), 365 and 925 microg/m3; nickel (7440020), 3.9 and 9.3 microg/m3; cadmium (7440439), less than 2 microg/m3; and silver (7440224), less than 2 microg/m3. Air containing cobalt at 30 microg/m3 and nickel at 7microg/m3 was being discharged back into the workspace from the recirculated local exhaust ventilation air. A medical evaluation was performed on three workers; all three reported coughing four to six times a day, four or more days per week, with occasional episodes of wheezing. Two of these employees were grinders, having been working at the company for 15 and 85 months, while the other was a truck driver, who spent about 3 hours per day in t KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Toxic substances Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB88-149224, 23p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB88-149224 361 TITLE: Life-term studies in rats: Effects of aluminum, barium, beryllium and tungsten. AUTHORS: SCHROEDER HA MITCHENER M SOURCE: J NUTR; 105 (4). 1975 421-427 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Recondite toxicities of small doses of Al, Ba, Be and W were evaluated by feeding weanling rats each metal in drinking water for life. Rats (334) of the Long-Evans strain were divided by sex. Their drinking water contained 5 ppm soluble salts of Al, Ba, Be or W in a basal water containing Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Mo, and Cr. The diet fed was low in trace elements. These metals were virtually innocuous as measured by median lifespan, longevity, incidence of tumors, serum cholesterol, glucose and uric acid. There was slight enhancement of growth from W and Ba and slight depression from Be. There was also slight shortening of longevity from W. At this dose level these metals had little detectable

effects in rats. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-41-7 7429-90-5 CODEN: JONUA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/10099 362 TITLE: X-Ray Emission Spectrographic Determination Of Thallium In Biologic Materials AUTHORS: Goldman M Anderson RP Henry JP Peoples SA SOURCE: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 14, No. 4, pages 367-369, 4 references, 19661966 ABSTRACT: An X-ray emission spectrographic method for the determination of thallium (7440280) in biological samples was developed. It was based on the emission intensity of the L-characteristic lines of thallium using a lithium-fluoride analyzing crystal and a tungsten X-ray target tube. A preliminary spectral scan in the region of the L-emission lines verified the absence of interfering elements. Known amounts of thallium-sulfate were added to dried samples of ground bird tissue. The thallium concentrations in the samples were measured as the peak to background ratio of counts, from which were subtracted the peak to background ratio of non thallous spectra. A linear regression analysis of the data demonstrated a high correlation between the thallium concentration and net peak to background ratio. A straight line that best fit the data was computed by the least squares method. The linearity of response was excellent between 5 and 1,000 parts per million (ppm) thallium. The precision of a single determination was plus or minus 18ppm. The authors conclude that X-ray emission spectrography can be used for the determination of thallium in desiccated biological samples. Because the effective atomic number of most biologic materials does not vary markedly, this method can probably be extended to other elements if appropriate corrections are made. KEYWORDS: DCN-130540 Metallic compounds Biochemical analysis

Analytical chemistry Spectrographic analysis Physical properties Chemical properties Testing equipment Laboratory testing Chemical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-28-0 CODEN: JAFCAU ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1966 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00143065 363 TITLE: Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity of cobalt metal and cobalt compounds. AUTHORS: Leonard A Lauwerys R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Teratogenicity and Mutagenicity Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: Mutat Res 1990 Jul;239(1):17-27 ABSTRACT: Cobalt metal and cobalt compounds are extensively used for the production of high-temperature alloys, diamond tools, cemented carbides and hard metals, for the production of various salts used in electroplating and as catalysts, drying agents in paints, additives in animal feeds and pigments. Cobalt oxides are used not only in the enameling industry and for pigments, but also in catalytic applications. There is no indication that cobalt metal and cobalt compounds constitute a health risk for the general population. Allergic reactions (asthma, contact dermatitis) can be induced by certain cobalt compounds. Interstitial fibrosis has also been observed in workers exposed to high concentrations of dust containing cobalt, tungsten, iron, etc., mainly in the cemented carbides and the diamond-polishing industries. Several experiments have demonstrated that single or repeated injections of cobalt metal powder or some forms of cobalt salt and cobalt oxide may give rise to injection site sarcoma in rats and in rabbits but the human health significance of such data is questionable. Intratracheal administration of a high dose of one type of cobalt oxide induces lung tumors in rats but not in hamsters. In the latter long-term inhalation of cobalt oxide (10 mg/m3) did not increase the incidence of lung cancer. The human data are too limited to assess the potential carcinogenic risk for workers. Co2+ interacts with protein and nucleic acid synthesis and displays only weak mutagenic activity in

microorganisms. Some cobalt salts have been reported to enhance morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells. Cobalt chloride displays some limited mutagenic activity in yeast and some cobalt compounds are able to produce numerical and structural chromosome aberrations in plant cells. Cobalt and its salts appear to be devoid of mutagenic and clastogenic activity in mammalian cells. Cobaltous acetate and cobaltous chloride have not been found to be teratogenic in hamsters and rats respectively. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Animal *Carcinogens, Environmental Cobalt/PHARMACOKINETIC Cobalt/*TOXICITY Human *Mutagens Neoplasms/CHEMICALLY INDUCED Neoplasms/EPIDEMIOLOGY Neoplasms/*ETIOLOGY Neoplasms, Experimental/CHEMICALLY INDUCED Neoplasms, Experimental/ETIOLOGY *Teratogens CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 71-48-7 7646-79-9 13600-98-1 68-19-9 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0027-5107 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, ACADEMIC ENTRY MONTH: 199010 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NNA TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutat Res NUMBER OF REFERENCES: 119 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/MED/90309865

LAST REVISION DATE: 19920211 364 TITLE: Aerosol Production by High-Velocity Molten-Metal Droplets. AUTHORS: Rader DJ Benson DA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02, 1989 ABSTRACT: TD3: This report presents the results of an experimental study of the aerosol produced by high-velocity molten-metal droplets. These tests are intended to simulate the reduction of high-velocity fragments into aerosol in high-explosive detonations or reactor accidents involving nuclear materials. The primary droplets are produced by the heating and electromagnetic launch of metal wires; velocities approaching Mach 1 can be obtained at present. Size distributions obtained tungsten and zirconium droplets burning in air. Lognormal size distributions were observed in both cases with DMPS-equivalent mean diameters of about 0.4 mu m and geometric standard deviations of about two. SEM and TEM analysis of aerosol samples collected by a point-to-plane electrostatic precipitator showed that the majority of these particles were web-like chain agglomerates. Tests performed in argon atmospheres produced several orders-of-magnitude less aerosol mass than in equivalent air tests, supporting the key role combustion KEYWORDS: Aerosols Reactor Accidents Scanning Electron Microscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy Chemical explosives ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE88013141, Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products., 47p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE88013141

365 TITLE: Inhalation of 181-W labeled tungstic oxide by six beagle dogs. AUTHORS: AAMODT RL SOURCE: HEALTH PHYS; 28 (6). 1975 733-742 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Six purebred beagle dogs were exposed to 1.9-8 muCi of 181-WO3 by nose inhalation only. The aerosol had an activity median aerodynamic diameter of 0.70 mum and a geometric standard deviation of 1.5. The activity deposited in the respiratory tract of each animal was estimated by 3-independent techniques. Retention and excretion were measured over 165 days. Following inhalation, 60% of the inhaled activity was deposited in the respiratory tract. Of this, about half was located, by gamma ray spectroscopy, in the lower portion of the tracheobronchial compartment and in the pulmonary compartment. Removal of the inhaled activity from the body was quite rapid. Partial body retention was determined from in vivo gamma counting over the lung area and over the posterior portion of the dog's body. Whole-body retention was also estimated by subtracting the excreted activity from the inhaled activity at various times. The following retention patterns were determined where t is the time in days: Lung position: R = 0.69e-(0.693/0.171)t + 0.23e-(0.693/0.856)t +0.05e-(0.693/6.3)t + 0.03e-(0.693/99)t, Visceral position: R = 0.94e-(0.693/0.357)t + 0.04e-(0.693/6.3)t + 0.02e-(0.693/139)t, Excreta collection: R = 0.90e-(0.693/0.603)t + 0.06e-(0.693/5.8)t = 0.04e-(0.693/63)t. The ratio of cumulative urinary excretion to cumulative fecal excretion for 165 days ranged from 0.57-18. This variation may be related to differences in the clearance patterns of the individual dogs. Blood measurements indicated that the inhaled tungstic oxide entered the blood soon after inhalation and was rapidly removed. Measurements of selected organ and tissue samples at sacrifice (165 days post-inhalation) showed the highest concentration of tungsten in lung and kidney. Bone, gall bladder, liver and spleen were all about a factor of 10 less than the lung, while the remaining organs decreased in the order: testes, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, diaphragm, stomach, heart and skeletal muscle. In terms of total organ burdens, most of the activity was found in bone (37%), lung (31%), kidney (15%), liver (9.7%) and skeletal muscle (5.7%). Body burdens calculated from organ and tissue burdens were in good agreement with in vivo gamma measurements at sacrifice. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 15749-46-9 15749-46-9 1314-35-8 CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/01789

366 TITLE: Inhaled Particles In Human Disease And Animal Models: Use Of Electron Beam Instrumentation AUTHORS: Brody AR SOURCE: Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 56, pages 149-162, 52 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: The use of electron beam instrumentation in studying distribution and identification of inhaled minerals is reviewed. In animals and in man the size and shape of airborne particles dictate their pattern of deposition. Application of electron beam instruments to the study of inorganic particles in the lung is relatively new. The transmission electron microscope has been the first electron beam instrument used to study inorganic particles in biological material. The illuminating source in such an instrument is an electron beam produced from a tungsten or lanthanum filament with penetrating power originating in accelerating voltages. The image of the specimen is actually a shadow cast on a phosphorescent screen. Several sample preparation steps such as tissue fixation, separation of particles from tissues, or preparation of ultra thin sections, may be required, involving demanding techniques. Scanning electron microscopy involves the passing of an electron beam of small diameter through scanning coils, which scan the beam across the surface. Secondary electrons generated from a heavy metal specimen coating are recorded in a pattern appearing on a phosphorescent or non phosphor screen. Tissue preparation utilizes blocks of tissue rather than ultra thin sections. Other electron beam techniques include backscattered electron imaging, X-ray energy spectrometry and scanning transmission electron microscopy. As a diagnostic method, electron microscopy had been used to investigate etiology of a variety of human diseases. Silica and asbestos inhalation are currently being studied by these techniques. The author concludes that electron microscopy is a powerful tool for enhancing knowledge of dust related diseases. KEYWORDS: DCN-131810 Laboratory equipment Airborne particles Monitoring systems Monitors Animal studies Breathing Airborne fibers Air quality monitoring Air monitoring Air contamination Airborne dusts CODEN: EVHPAZ ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00144328 367 TITLE: Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Gas Microsensor for SO2. AUTHORS: McAllister DJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: BIODE, Inc., Cape Elizabeth, ME. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 11, 1990 ABSTRACT: TD3: Researchers used sulfur dioxide as a model gas for testing the feasibility of developing a multicomponent sensor based on Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) technology for the rapid identification and detection of ambient environmental gases in the sub-ppm to ppb range. Three different methods were examined in an attempt to impact SO2 specificity to several SAW devices: Chemical Bonded Adsorbents (CBA), Solvent Deposited Films, and Tungsten Trioxide (WO3). Results of the project are given. The major implication of the research will be the resulting merger of two existing technologies: metal oxide gas sensors (MEO) and surface acoustic wave devices (SAW). Final rept. Sponsored by National Science Foundation, Washington, DC. Div. of Industrial Science and Technological Innovation. KEYWORDS: Gas detectors Sulfur dioxide Surface acoustic wave devices SAW devices Air pollution detection ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB90-184680, 31p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: National Science Foundation, Washington, DC. Div. of Industrial Science and Technological Innovation. ENTRY MONTH: 199008 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB90-184680 368 TITLE:

Induction of micronuclei in cultured human lymphocytes exposed to quartz halogen lamps and its prevention by glass covers. AUTHORS: D'Agostini F Izzotti A De Flora S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy. SOURCE: Mutagenesis 1993 Jan;8(1):87-9 ABSTRACT: The light emitted by an uncovered tungsten halogen lamp (12 V, 50 W), equipped with a dichroic mirror, induced time-related and distance-related increases in the frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes following in vitro exposure. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from three healthy donors showed the same degree of sensitivity. This clastogenic effect could be ascribed to the emission of far-UV wavelengths (UVB and UVC) and was prevented by interposing a common glass cover. These results support the findings of our genotoxicity studies in repair-deficient bacteria and carcinogenicity studies in hairless mice, thereby suggesting possible health hazards associated with illumination with halogen quartz bulbs, to which an enormous number of individuals are nowadays exposed. These hazards can be simply avoided by using glass covers. TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE SEX TREATED: MALE TISSUE CULTURED: LYMPHOCYTES-DIVISION BLOCKED CONTROL: SPONTANEOUS CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS ASSAY: CYTOLOGICAL EFFECTS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Adult Cells, Cultured Equipment Design Glass Human *Lighting Lymphocytes/*RADIATION EFFECTS Male Micronucleus Tests Support, Non-U.S. Gov't *Ultraviolet Rays CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN NO CAS RN

LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0267-8357 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199306 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: MUG TITLE ABBREVIATION: Mutagenesis YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/93196515 EMIC/90323 LAST REVISION DATE: 19930528 369 TITLE: Urinary mercury excretion and body weight on workers exposed to mercury vapour. AUTHORS: SUZUKI T HONDA K SOURCE: INT ARCH OCCUP ENVIRON HEALTH; 35 (2). 1975 145-154 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. From the 5-yr record of health checks including urinary Hg levels and body weights on 33 workers exposed to Hg vapor in a tungsten rod manufacturing factory, the relationships between the level of urinary Hg and the body weight, and between the change of urinary Hg levels and that of body weights, were analyzed. Except for the workers with the short period of exposure, in whom no significant correlation was found, correlations between the changes in urinary Hg and body weight were much stronger than those between the levels. In contrast to the significant negative correlations in the mentioned relationships on the workers with the long period of continuous exposure at atmospheric concentrations below 0.2 mg/m-3, there was significant positive correlations on the workers with occasional, short-period exposures at much lower concentrations of Hg. The importance of analysis on the change of exposure and its relation to the effect was emphasized, and possible effects of Hg to the regulation of body weight were discussed. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-97-6

CODEN: IAOHD ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/06128 370 TITLE: Mass Spectrometric Investigation Of Phenylthiovinyl Chlorides AUTHORS: Paradisi C Scorrano G Daolio S Traldi P SOURCE: Organic Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 19, No. 8, pages 370-374, 22 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: The mass spectra of phenylthiovinyl chlorides were investigated to detect the thiirenium ion species in the gas phase and to test the cycle tendency of phenylthiovinyl cations. Electron impact (EI) mass spectra were obtained at 70 electronVolts with a source temperature of 200 degrees-C. Samples were introduced via septum inlet, heated at 150 degrees, or via direct inlet problem. Chemical ionization (CI) experiments were performed with the same source operating the CI mode, using methane as the reagent gas. Spectra were obtained using a 10 micrometer tungsten filament covered by cobalt dendrites and an extraction potential of 11 kiloelectronVolts. Collisionally activated decomposition mass analyzed ion kinetic energy (CAD MIKE) spectra were obtained by 8 kiloelectronVolt ions colliding with air in the second field free region. The pressure in the collision cell was such as to reduce the main beam intensity to 60 percent of its usual value. Correction for the contribution of natural metastables was obtained by applying a potential of 2 kiloelectronVolts to the collision cell. Energy releases were calculated from peak widths at half height. The EI mass spectra of the isomeric phenylthiovinyl chlorides were very similar. The most abundant ion lost was due to the molecular species containing eight carbons, seven hydrogens, and one sulfur at mass to charge ratio 170. Also abundant were positive ions containing seven carbons and seven hydrogens at mass to charge ratio 91 and deriving from the fragment at mass to charge ratio 135. Two distinct mechanisms appeared to operate for the alpha and beta isomers. CAD MIKE spectra were identical for the three isomers and comprised a minor peak due to loss of hydrogen and a prominent one corresponding to loss of chlorine. It appeared that isomerization to a common structure was achieved on the time scale of the EI MIKE experiments, whereas some structural identity was maintained in the experiments for which the time window was reduced by a factor of about 100. KEYWORDS: DCN-134203 Analytical chemistry

Analytical methods Mass spectrometry Biology Chemical composition Spectrographic analysis Laboratory equipment Monitoring systems Laboratory techniques Monitors Spectroscopes ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00147261 371 TITLE: DNA damage and repair in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo as indicators of exposure to carcinogens. AUTHORS: McGregor D Anderson D AUTHOR ADDRESS: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. SOURCE: IARC Sci Publ 1999(146):309-54 TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,CELL CULTURE MAMMAL ASSAY: EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORY EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Animal Carcinogens/*ANALYSIS Carcinogens/*CLASSIFICATION Carcinogens/*TOXICITY *DNA Damage *DNA Repair DNA, Single-Stranded/BIOSYNTHESIS DNA, Single-Stranded/*DRUG EFFECTS Electrophoresis Human Mammals Sensitivity and Specificity

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 11056-06-7 33419-42-0 7722-84-1 NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 53-96-3 28322-02-3 481-72-1 90-45-9 153-78-6 105650-23-5 76180-96-6 62450-06-0 NO CAS RN 120-80-9 10605-21-7 66-27-3 10124-36-4 63323-31-9 50-32-8 106-51-4 533-73-3 71-43-2 82030-93-1 1086-00-6 1897-45-6 15663-27-1 4170-30-3 66-81-9 50-18-0 486-66-8 117-10-2 59886-5 59886-5 579 579 951-78-0 138-14-7 78491-02-8 96-12-8 540-59-0 142-28-9 1464-53-5 56-53-1 551-92-8 140-95-4 593-74-8 UNKNOWN 57-97-6 145438-97-7 23214-92-8 518-82-1 106-89-8 930-22-3 109-86-4 75-21-8

62-50-0 759-73-9 4245-77-6 NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 51-21-8 50-00-0 446-72-0 7440-48-4 11130-73-7 6728-26-3 7722-84-1 NO CAS RN 123-31-9 15347-57-6 17353-03-6 520-18-3 10099-74-8 7446-14-2 58-89-9 434-13-9 7773-01-5 58-27-5 15356-70-4 59-05-2 115-09-3 70-25-7 684-93-5 UNKNOWN 443-48-1 50-07-7 33876-97-0 505-70-4 529-44-2 9014-02-2 12035-72-2 10102-43-9 51-75-2 UNKNOWN 100-02-7 56-57-5 62-75-9 57564-91-7 25154-52-3 50-28-2 7782-44-7 108-45-2 NO CAS RN 7722-64-7 151-50-8 117-39-5 75-56-9 57-57-8 37305-51-4 153-18-4 UNKNOWN 27740-96-1 22888-70-6 NO CAS RN

7784-46-5 7631-98-3 151-21-3 96-09-3 NO CAS RN UNKNOWN 27314-97-2 79-00-5 2567-14-8 96-18-4 1314-62-1 NO CAS RN 50-81-7 1406-18-4 NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN UNKNOWN NO CAS RN UNKNOWN NO CAS RN 61-73-4 UNKNOWN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 303-81-1 NO CAS RN 9002-07-7 34256-82-1 79-06-1 60-09-3 2008-39-1 1912-24-9 2465-27-2 NO CAS RN 58-89-9 58-89-9 70476-63-0 95-80-7 106-46-7 330-55-2 540-73-8 96-45-7 1071-83-6 51218-45-2 64091-91-4

98-92-0 79-46-9 62-44-2 57-30-7 NO CAS RN 7758-01-2 7789-00-6 7778-50-9 58-14-0 88876-88-4 18883-66-4 100-42-5 32598-13-3 108-88-3 NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 36-88-4 NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0300-5038 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL ENTRY MONTH: 199910 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: GKU TITLE ABBREVIATION: IARC Sci Publ NUMBER OF REFERENCES: 276 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/99279833

EMIC/109925 LAST REVISION DATE: 20000307 372 TITLE: Determination of toxic metals in blood by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. AUTHORS: VAASJOKI R RANTANEN J SOURCE: SCAND J WORK ENVIRON HEALTH; 1 (3). 1975 184-192 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An application of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the analysis of various toxic metals (Pb, Cd, Mn, Cr, Ni, V) in whole (pig) blood was studied, and 2 techniques for sample preparation (vacuum drying and nitric acid combustion) were compared. The acid combustion method appeared to be superior on the basis of the accuracy and precision of the determinations. The tungsten-target X-ray tube was suitable for determining Mn, Ni and V, the lowest limits of detection being 0.021 mug/ml, 0.035 mug/ml and 0.017 mug/ml, respectively, and the precisions being between 4.25-6.92%. The sensitivity and reproducibility for Pb, Cd and Cr were unsatisfactory. A comparison between the recoveries of X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption analyses demonstrated that the X-ray method is suitable for determining Mn, V, Ni, Cd, and Pb. The poor sensitivity of the X-ray method, however, restricts its practical use. For V the results obtained by X-ray fluorescence were superior to those measured by a colorimetric method. No significant differences were observed between the results of single component and multicomponent analyses at the metal concentrations usual in physiological and toxicological cases. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7697-37-2 7697-37-2 7440-02-0 7440-43-9 7440-62-2 7440-47-3 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 CODEN: SWEHD ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/06330 373 TITLE:

Kinetik der selektiven katalytischen Reduktion von Stickoxiden. (Kinetics of the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxides). AUTHORS: Weidner B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Erlangen-Nuernberg Univ., Erlangen (Germany, F.R.). Technische Fakultaet. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02, 1991 ABSTRACT: TD3: Selective catalyst reduction with ammonia on mixed-oxide catalysts is an established method for removing nitric oxides from furnace exhaust. Modelling of the kinetics of SCR reactions and mass transfer processes is of particular interest as a basis for reactor design. The author investigated the reaction kinetics on an industrial V sub 2 O sub 5 -WO sub 3 -TiO sub 2 catalyst using simulated flue gases. A computer-controlled loop reactor system was constructed and operated for this purpose. Concentration-dependent reactor operation enabled a detailed study of the influence of different parameters on the rate of NO concentration changes. The concentrations of NO, NH sub 3 , O sub 2 , and the temperature were investigated as influencing parameters. With a view to modelling realistic power plant conditions, the influence of further flue gas components (H sub 2 O, CO sub 2 ) on the NO reduction rate was determined as well. It was found that apart from the main reaction (=NO sub x reduction), a second KEYWORDS: Nitrogen oxides Vanadium oxides Tungsten oxides Catalytic effects Chemical reaction kinetics Flue gas Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/TIB/A90-82026, 82p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC E07 ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/TIB/A90-82026 374 TITLE: A SULFITE OXIDASE-DEFICIENT RAT MODEL: REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY OF SULFITE IN THE FEMALE AUTHORS: DULAK L

CHIANG G GUNNISON AF SOURCE: FOOD CHEM TOXICOL 22:599-607,1984 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS, WISTAR TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, RAT SEX TREATED: FEMALE EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS: PRECONCEPTION+ NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): SODIUM TUNGSTATE; 13472-45-2 SODIUM METABISULFITE; 7681-57-4 SODIUM MOLYBDATE; 7631-95-0 SODIUM SULFATE; 7757-82-6 SULFITE OXIDASE DEFICIENCY MOLYBDENUM DEFICIENCY DIET,HIGH TUNGSTEN/LOW MOLYBDENUM DIET,RESTRICTED ASSAY METHOD: VIABILITY, FERTILITY AND MORTALITY REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY GROWTH UROGENITAL SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM SENSE ORGANS CRANIUM AND FACE NERVOUS SYSTEM CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13472-45-2 7681-57-4 7631-95-0 7757-82-6 LANGUAGE:

eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL JOURNAL TITLE CODE: FCTOD TITLE ABBREVIATION: FOOD CHEM TOXICOL YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/36191 375 TITLE: Integrated low emissions cleanup system for direct coal fired turbines. Final report. AUTHORS: Siwajek LA Ku D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Helipump Corp., Cleveland, OH. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 11, 1991 ABSTRACT: TD3: Solid oxide electrochemical systems were evaluated for the reduction of NO(sub x) and SO(sub x) in a coal-fired turbine exhaust. Yttria stabilized ceria and zirconia were studied as electrolytes over the temperature range 1,600---2,500(degrees)F. Yttria stabilized zirconia was the most useful electrolyte and two high surface area geometries were developed. Platinum was the electrode material; less noble metals were investigated, as well as conductive minerals, but replacement of the platinum was unsuccessful. Transition metal oxides were applied as electrocatalysts. With vanadium and tungsten coatings, sulfur dioxide concentrations were reduced 20 to 50% using an initial SO(sub 2) concentration of approximately 2,500 ppm. Electrical efficiencies for the decomposition of SO(sub 2) in the oxygen containing environment (1--4%) were approximately 5%. Though electrocatalysts did allow for the destruction of NO ((approximately)400 ppM) in an oxygen containing atmosphere, the efficiencies were only 1%. KEYWORDS: Electrolytic Cells Hot Gas Cleanup Nitrogen Oxides Sulfur Dioxide Air pollution control Air pollution abatement ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE90015571, 74p PRICE:

NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE90015571 376 TITLE: INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS LATHYROGENIC SUBSTANCES ON THE CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS. AUTHORS: BECKER K WOLFRAM PM SOURCE: DIGESTION; 12 (4-6). 1975 288 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. KEYWORDS: ABSTRACT RAT HUMAN LIVER DISEASE CYSTEAMINE BETA AMINO PROPIONITRILE D PENICILLAMINE AZETIDINE CARBONIC-ACID ANTIDOTE-DRUGS HYDROXY PROLINE CONTENT COLLAGEN FORMATION HISTOLOGY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 27025-41-8 27025-41-8 2517-04-6 151-18-8 56-23-5 52-67-5 CODEN: DIGEB ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/07444 377 TITLE: Response To A Low Concentration Of Mercury Vapor Relation To Human Porphyrin Metabolism AUTHORS: Wada O Toyokawa K

Suzuki T Suzuki S Yano Y Nakao K SOURCE: Archives of Environmental Health, Vol. 19, No. 4, pages 485-488, 19 references, 19691969 ABSTRACT: Porphyrin metabolism was investigated in workers occupationally exposed to mercury (7439976). Workers employed in a tungsten rod factory with no clinical symptoms of mercury poisoning were examined. Delta-aminolevulinic-acid (ALA) dehydratase activity in erythrocytes, cholinesterase activity in serum, urinary output of ALA, coproporphyrin, protein, and mercury, and the erythrocyte concentration of reduced glutathione were measured. Correlations among these measures and exposure duration were also examined. Urinary mercury ranged from 2 to 472 micrograms per gram (microg/g) creatinine. Urinary coproporphyrin was within normal range except in one person who excreted 210microg/g creatinine. The activities of erythrocyte ALA-dehydratase and serum cholinesterase were decreased in approximately 50 percent of workers. Values for ALA, urinary protein, and erythrocyte reduced glutathione remained normal for almost all workers. Urinary mercury concentrations were significantly correlated with urinary coproporphyrin values and decreases in ALA-dehydratase activity and cholinesterase. These relationships were observed particularly among workers whose urinary mercury excretion exceeded 200microg/g creatinine. The length of mercury exposure related significantly to the decrease in ALA-dehydratase. The authors conclude that mercury exerts some effects on porphyrin metabolism, although the effect is too slight to increase urinary porphyrin and ALA excretion. Determination of cholinesterase activity might be of diagnostic value in an early detection of mercury poisoning. In addition, the maximum permissible concentration of urinary mercury should be 200microg/g creatinine in chronic exposure to inorganic mercury. KEYWORDS: DCN-136900 Medical research Medical surveys Heavy metals Occupational exposure Metabolic study Physiological chemistry Humans Enzyme activity Analytical methods Clinical chemistry Metal industry workers CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-97-6 CODEN: AEHLAU ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150414 378 TITLE: The properties and medical uses of materials: I. Structure and mechanical properties of materials. AUTHORS: WILLIAMS DF SOURCE: BIO-MED ENG; 6 (2). 1971 62-69 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The physical structure and mechanical properties of different medical and surgical materials, i.e., for internal and external prostheses, in restorative dentistry and for diagnostic and surgical instruments, are reviewed. The following topics were discussed: the structure of materials; relation of structure to properties; mechanical properties of materials; eleasticity; ductility and brittleness; fatigue; metals and alloys; polymers. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: PM9002-88-4 PM9003-07-0 PM9003-15-0 PM9003-51-4 1344-28-1 7429-90-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 12033-89-5 CODEN: BIMEB ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/05193 379 TITLE: Entwicklung eines SCR-Katalysators fuer instationaere Reaktionsfuehrung. (Development of a SCR catalyst adapted to instationary operation of the reactor). AUTHORS: Kotter M Lintz H. Turek T AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe G.m.b.H. (Germany, F.R.). Projekt Europaeisches Forschungszentrum fuer Massnahmen zur Luftreinhaltung. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 23, 1991 ABSTRACT: TD3: For a new NOx abatement strategy the use of the Ljungstrom heat exchanger of the power plant is proposed. The heating elements are coated with catalysts adapted to the particular conditions of the process, transient operation and the given temperature profile. Two highly active, vanadium, tungsten and titanium oxide containing catalysts have been developed. Catalytic activity is quantified by measuring reacting rates at various temperatures and concentrations of NO, NH3 and H2 O. The results can be described with a simple rate equation. Both catalysts exhibit a low activity for the undesired SO2 oxidation. Simulation of the transient operation shows that the kinetic data obtained by steady state measurements can be used to design the reactive heat exchanger. Furthermore it is demonstrated that a common problem in SCR processes, the leak NH3, can be solved by adding ammonia to the fresh air. (orig.). (Copyright (c) 1991 by FIZ. Citation no. 91:001186.) In German. With 49 figs., 58 refs. KEYWORDS: Denitrification Flue gas Catalysts Heat exchangers Foreign technology Air pollution abatement ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/TIB/B91-01186, TIB: RO 2590(79)., 79p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC E09 ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/TIB/B91-01186 380 TITLE: TRANSFORMATION OF CHLOROPLAST RIBOSOMAL RNA GENES IN CHLAMYDOMONAS: MOLECULAR AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF INTEGRATION EVENTS AUTHORS: NEWMAN SM BOYNTON JE GILLHAM NW RANDOLPH-ANDERSON BL JOHNSON AM HARRIS EH SOURCE:

GENETICS 126:875-888,1990 TAXONOMIC NAME: CHLAMYDOMONAS TEST OBJECT: GREEN ALGAE NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): BIOLISTIC TRANSFORMATION PROCESS,TUNGSTEN PARTICLES; NO CASRN ASSAY: EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS GENE MUTATIONS GENE MUTATIONS MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORY LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: GENTA TITLE ABBREVIATION: GENETICS YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/78309 LAST REVISION DATE: 19920905 381 TITLE: PARTICLE SIZING OF ARC SMOKES BY FORWARD LIGHT SCATTERING AUTHORS: CHAN PW APICHATONON O SHE CY SOURCE: ENVIRON LETT; 10 (1). 1975 69-76 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. KEYWORDS: LETTER ENVIRONMENTAL PARTICULATE RESEARCH AIR POLLUTION CARBON TUNGSTEN ALUMINUM POLARIZATION RATIO METHOD CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-44-0 7440-44-0 7440-33-7

7429-90-5 CODEN: EVLTA ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/07645 382 TITLE: Other Occupational Lung Diseases AUTHORS: Rom WN SOURCE: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, pages 251-266, 113 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Mineral species that may given rise to occupational pulmonary symptoms and disease are discussed. The three broad categories of rocks are reviewed as well as the common minerals in rocks. The form of the mineral is important in predicting its biological effects. Information on uses, types of exposure to workers, chemical descriptions, and case studies is presented. Possible occupational pulmonary reactions are given. Mixed dust pneumoconiosis (PC) refers to exposure to two or more dusts at the same time or two or more dusts at different times in the worker's life. Clinical features of talcosis are dyspnea, diminished breath sounds, and cough. Death due to PC may result. The potential for mica to cause PC is not proven. Studies of the toxic potential of vermiculite (1318009) are few. No significant respiratory diseases are demonstrated for wollastonite (13983170). Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with attapulgite (12174117) and sepiolite (15501743). Graphite (7782425) PC is similar to coal worker's PC clinically and roentgenographically. Whether diatomaceous earth causes silicosis is questionable. However, the industrial product kieselguhr may produce PC. Kaolin (1318747) exposure has shown decreased vital capacity and PC. Bentonite dust brings about changes consistent with silicosis. Fuller's earth produces a PC that is more benign than silicosis. Siderosis is a distinct benign PC caused by deposition of iron-oxide (1332372) particles in lungs; it has been studied in arc welders. Baritosis is a benign PC resulting from inhalation of either barium-sulfate (7727437) or barite (13462867). Stannosis occurs after inhalation of respirable particles of tin-oxide (1332292). Respiratory symptoms are associated with Portland cement. Fibrosis and aluminosis are reported among aluminum (7429905) workers. Thesaurosis is hair spray induced. Miscellaneous substances such as antimony (7440360), cerium-oxide (1306383), and tungsten-carbide (12070132) produce PC in workers. KEYWORDS: DCN-137323 Medical research Industrial dusts Occupational respiratory disease

Air contamination Mineral dusts Toxicopathology Pathology Clinical symptoms Comparative toxicology Industrial medicine Occupational medicine CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1318-00-9 1318-00-9 13983-17-0 12174-11-7 15501-74-3 7782-42-5 1318-74-7 1332-37-2 7727-43-7 13462-86-7 1332-29-2 7429-90-5 7440-36-0 1306-38-3 12070-13-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150965 383 TITLE: Superior catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide. Quarterly technical progress report, 1 January 1994--31 March 1994. AUTHORS: Chen JP Cheng LS Hausladen MC Kikkinides ES Yang RT AUTHOR ADDRESS: State Univ. of New York at Buffalo. Dept. of Chemical Engineering. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1994 ABSTRACT: TD3: During the past quarter, progress has been made in four tasks as summarized below: Task 1: A delaminated Fe(sub 2)O(sub 3) pillared clay was synthesized and carefully characterized. The chemical composition was measured by ICP atomic emission spectrometry. The structural changes in the clay as well as the iron oxide particle sizes were characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques. Task 2: The Selective Catalytic Reduction

(SCR, i.e., NO reduction with NH(sub 3)) activities of the delaminated pillared clay were tested and compared with four other most active SCR catalysts: a commercial V(sub 2)O(sub 5) + WO(sub 3)iO(sub 2) catalyst, a Fe(sub 2)O(sub 3)-pillared clay, and two supported Fe(sub 2)O(sub 3) catalysts (on Al(sub 2)O(sub 3) and TiO(sub 2)). The delaminated Fe(sub 2)O(sub 3) pillared clay exhibited the highest SCR activities. Catalyst stability test showed that the delaminated sample was also stable. Task 3: To further increase the SCR activity of the delaminated pillared clay, Cr(sub 2 KEYWORDS: Catalysts Chromium Oxides Iron Oxides Nitric Oxide Tungsten Oxides Vanadium Oxides Selective Catalytic Reduction Air pollution control ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE94011777, 18p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199411 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE94011777 384 TITLE: Some Criteria For Colors And Signs In Workplaces AUTHORS: Glass RA Howett GL Lister K Collins BL SOURCE: OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, D.C., Report No. NBSIR-83-2694, 97 pages, 74 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Requirements for effective visual displays are reviewed. Preliminary data on the recognition of safety colors under different light sources is presented. Safety related visual displays perform two functions: altering personnel to a situation requiring their attention; and transmitting information concerning the nature of the situation or action to be taken. Standards established by OSHA, the American National Standards Institute, and other agencies are noted. Measures for visual performance are spatial

resolution, chromatic sensitivity, legibility and color, spectral transmission, color temperature, and potential color rendering capabilities. A review of visual display effectiveness research shows that color coding and symbol signs are effective. A laboratory study assessing the extent to which different types of light sources affect the perception of color is cited. Subjects performed a series of visual tasks under five illumination conditions: tungsten, metal halide, fluorescent, high pressure sodium, and low pressure sodium. Results showed that a certain set of colors was recognized under all conditions. Confusion between red and orange occurred across all light sources. The authors conclude that presently used colors do not adequately convey accurate chromatic information under many commonly used lighting conditions. KEYWORDS: DCN-137580 Safety research Safety equipment Industrial psychology Emergency equipment Sensory perceptual processes Protective measures Quantitative analysis Industrial safety Humans Equipment reliability ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00151272 385 TITLE: A Mass Spectrograph For Radioactive Isotopes AUTHORS: Lewis LG Hayden RJ SOURCE: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Argonne National Laboratory, Report No. MDDC-1556, 12 pages, 10 references, 19471947 ABSTRACT: A 60 degree mass spectrograph was designed for identifying the masses of radioactive isotopes. The vacuum system at the source end was formed by a large glass tube connected to a 1 inch copper tube which provided the ion path to the magnet. The plate region was formed by a trapezoidal brass box screwed to the pole pieces. The plate and source regions were connected through the ion beam defining slit. The magnet could obtain fields up to 18,000 gauss, sufficient for focusing ions with masses as high as 300. The five electronic circuits were used for a magnet current supply, magnet current regulator, regulated high voltage supply, ion gauge control circuit, and a low sensitivity electronic direct current ammeter. All materials to be analyzed were ionized by heating their oxides on a tungsten filament. A counter technique or a transfer plate technique was

used to determine actual isotope mass, depending on the half life of the isotope. Using this device, mass assignments were successfully made for 55 day strontium (7440246), 25 year strontium, 40 hour lanthanum (7439910), and a rare earth mixture. KEYWORDS: DCN-140514 Trace analysis Analytical methods Physical chemistry Analytical chemistry Mass spectrometry Physical properties Sampling equipment Laboratory testing Spectrographic analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-24-6 7440-24-6 7439-91-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1947 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00142947 386 TITLE: Coal ash usage in environmental restoration at the Hanford site. AUTHORS: Scanlon PL Sonnichsen JC Phillips SJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Westinghouse Hanford Co., Richland, WA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 04, 1996 ABSTRACT: TD3: The ash stockpiled next to the 284E steam plant is mixed fly ash, bottom ash, and slag. The ash consists of (1) baghouse residue and (2) a mixture of bottom ash and slag which is washed out of the bottom of the boilers daily. In 1991, a Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) was performed on several samples of this ash (Hazen Research 1991). This procedure is designed to determine the mobility of organic and inorganic anatytes present in liquid, solid, or multiphasic wastes (EPA 1994). The ash tested came from surge bins, conveyor samples, and bottom ash and fly ash from the boilers at 284E. Antimony, cadmium, germanium, molybdenum, silver, thallium, tungsten, and vanadium were tested for, but on all samples were below detection Limits for the testing method. Analytes present in relatively high concentrations (but less than one part per thousand) included barium, boron, chromium, fluorine, and zinc. The

size of ash particles passing through a Taylor sieve series was very evenly distri KEYWORDS: Ashes Hanford Reservation Meetings ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE95013575, 5p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A01/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE95013575 387 TITLE: Other Pneumoconioses AUTHORS: Morgan WKC SOURCE: Occupational Lung Diseases, Second Edition, W. K. C. Morgan, A. Seaton, Editors; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, W. B. Saunders Company, pages 449-497, 160 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT: Respiratory diseases associated with inhalation of fine particles other than those associated with coal products are reviewed. Specifically mentioned are syndromes associated with exposure to particles of bauxite (1318167), aluminum (7429905), antimony (7440360), barytes (7727437), beryllium (7440417), graphite (7782425), iron (7439896), polyvinyl-chloride (9002862), shale, silver (7440224), magnetite (1317619), tin (7440315), polyvinylpyrrolidone (9003398), tungsten-carbide (12070121), bakelites, rare earth elements, kaolin (1332587), titanium (7440326), zirconium (7440677), and manure. The following syndromes are discussed in varying degrees of detail: Shaver's disease, aluminum lung, aluminum fibrosis, antimony pneumoconiosis, baritosis, subacute berylliosis, acute berylliosis, chronic berylliosis, graphite and carbon pneumoconiosis, silicosiderosis, Labrador lung, polyvinyl-chloride pneumoconiosis, shale pneumoconiosis, siderosis, silver polisher's lung, magnetite and limonite pneumoconiosis, stannosis, thesaurosis, hard metal disease, bakelite pneumoconiosis, rare earth pneumoconiosis, laundry worker's pneumoconiosis, titanium pneumoconiosis, and zirconium pneumoconiosis. The syndromes described are characterized by a wide variety of clinical symptoms and can occur as a result of exposure in numerous occupational and nonoccupational settings.

KEYWORDS: DCN-155091 Pulmonary system disorders Airborne particles Inhalants Occupational respiratory disease Occupational hazards Health hazards CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1318-16-7 1318-16-7 7429-90-5 7440-36-0 7727-43-7 7440-41-7 7782-42-5 7439-89-6 9002-86-2 7440-22-4 1317-61-9 7440-31-5 9003-39-8 12070-12-1 1332-58-7 7440-32-6 7440-67-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00166039 388 TITLE: STABILIZED DEVELOPMENT OVER 9 YEAR PERIOD OF A PULMONARY FIBROSIS DUE TO HEAVY METALS AUTHORS: GIRARD R DORSIT G TABOURIN G GALY P SOURCE: ARCH MAL PROF MED TRAV SECUR SOC; 36 (6). 1975 (RECD 1976) 347-349 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. THERMOPOLYSPORA THERMOACTINOMYCES-VULGARIS MICROMONOSPORA-VULGARIS HUMAN OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASE DYSPNEA REDUCED VITAL CAPACITY WEIGHT LOSS COUGH VENTILATION PERFUSION DEFICIENCY DIGITALIS CARDIO VASC-DRUG TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT SCINTIGRAPHY RADIOLOGY ELECTRO CARDIOGRAM CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7

11130-73-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: AMPMA ENTRY MONTH: 197607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/76/13160 389 TITLE: Luminaires for use in clinical areas of hospitals and health care buildings AUTHORS: ANON SOURCE: International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembe, 1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 1994. 27p. Illus. ABSTRACT: This standard details specific requirements for use with tungsten filament, fluorescent and other discharge lamps on supply voltages not exceeding 1,000V for use in clinical areas in which medical treatment, examination and medical care take place in hospitals and health care buildings. KEYWORDS: IEC ELECTRICAL SAFETY HOSPITALS ELECTRIC LIGHTING EQUIPMENT STANDARD ILO LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 199504 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 300 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/95/00301 390 TITLE:

Respiratory disorders induced by exposure to hard metal dust AUTHORS: Lasfargues G Lavandier M SOURCE: Encyclopedie medico-chirurgicale Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.112, 7p. Illus. 117 ref. ABSTRACT: Cemented carbides are alloys produced by processes of powder metallurgy successively combining compression and cementing from tungsten carbide powder using cobalt powder as binder. Exposure to cemented carbide dust causes various respiratory, bronchial or parenchymatous diseases. This data sheet reviews pathologies induced by such exposure: irritative syndrome; asthma; hypersensitivity pneumopathy; diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the lungs; bronchopulmonary cancer; other; compensation and prevention in France; air monitoring and biomonitoring of exposures (ACGIH TLV-TWA for cobalt recently reduced from 50 to 20|/m|3|); medical surveillance of workers exposure to cemented carbides dust. KEYWORDS: CEMENTED CARBIDES FRANCE RESPIRATORY DISEASES POWDER METALLURGY COBALT DATA SHEET ENCYCLOPAEDIA RESPIRABLE DUST HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: fre INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 1155-1925 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199709 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/97/00890 391 TITLE: The dust lamp. A simple method for observing the presence of airborne

particles CORPORATE NAME: Health and Safety Executive, Health and Safety Laboratory SOURCE: HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 12p. Illus. 7 ref. ABSTRACT: This data sheet explains the principles of the dust lamp, a simple qualitative tool for making fine particle clouds visible or for enhancing the visibility of partially visible clouds. Battery powered and mains operated lamps are described and techniques of still photography and video recording of particle clouds are outlined. Photographs illustrate the use of the dust lamp in recording exposure to wood dust, mineral dust, rubber fume and solder fume. Appendices provide technical information on lighting equipment, still photography and video recording and a list of lamp suppliers. KEYWORDS: AIRBORNE DUST PHOTOGRAPHIC METHODS OF DETECTION TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS UNITED KINGDOM DATA SHEET DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE ILO LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 199711 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/97/01293 392 TITLE: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, Third Edition, Volume 2 AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 84-100, P. M. Eller, Editor; 178 pages, 248 references, 19841984 ABSTRACT:

This third edition of the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods contained 102 revised methods for over 200 toxic substances replacing more than 200 Second Edition methods. The methods were arranged in alphabetical order or method name in two volumes, A-G and H-Z, with separate sections for air, biological, and bulk samples. Analytical methods were included for hydrazine (302012), hydrocarbons, hydroquinone (123319), isocyanates, isophorone (78591), kepone (143500), ketones, lead (7439921), lead-sulfide (1314870), mercury (7439976), methanol (121755), methylene-chloride (75092), mevinphos (7786347), naphthas, nitrogen-dioxide (10102440), nuisance dust, 1-octanethiol (111886), paraquat (1910425), phenol (108952), polychlorobiphenyls, rotenone (83794), silica (14808607), tetraethyl-pyrophosphate (107493), thiram (137268), tungsten (7440337), turpentine (8006642), vinyl-bromide (593602), vinyl-chloride (75014), warfarin (81812), welding and brazing fume, zinc (7440666), and zinc-oxide (1314132). KEYWORDS: DCN-173081 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author Analytical methods Chemical analysis Air quality monitoring Blood analysis Urinalysis Environmental pollution Workplace monitoring Workplace studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 302-01-2 302-01-2 123-31-9 78-59-1 143-50-0 7439-92-1 1314-87-0 7439-97-6 121-75-5 75-09-2 7786-34-7 10102-44-0 111-88-6 1910-42-5 108-95-2 83-79-4 14808-60-7 107-49-3 137-26-8 7440-33-7 8006-64-2 593-60-2 75-01-4 81-81-2 7440-66-6 1314-13-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00184337 393 TITLE: Absorption, distribution and milk secretion of radionuclides by the dairy cow: V. Radiotungsten. AUTHORS: MULLEN AL BRETTHAUER EW STANLEY RE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environ. Monit. and Support Lab., US Environ. Prot. Agency, P.O. Box 15027, Las Vegas, Nev. 89114, USA. SOURCE: HEALTH PHYS; 31 (5). 1976 (RECD 1977) 417-424 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In a 1969 and 1970 study lactating cows were given oral or i.v. doses of radiotungsten. Blood, milk, urine and feces were analyzed to measure transfer rate and quantity of W eliminated over an extended period during and after exposure. Several lactating and nonlactating cows were sacrificed to measure tissue distribution of radiotungsten and several calves were sacrificed following oral administration of radiotungsten to determine distribution in rapidly growing young. Average percent of dose secreted per l of milk at peak activity was 0.01 and 0.1 for groups receiving oral and i.v. doses, respectively. During the 84-h period after dosing, 79% of the orally administered dose was recovered, with 64% recovered in feces, 14.6% in urine and 0.4% in milk. In the same time period, 68% of the i.v. dose was recovered with 65% in urine, 2% in milk and < 1% in feces. Tissue distribution results indicate the principal sites of short-term radiotungsten deposition were skin, liver and soft tissue. Long-term retention sites in mature cows were bone, muscle and skin. Long-term retention sites in calves were bone, adrenal, skin and spleen. (The potential significance to humans via meat and milk is considered.) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 197707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/77/07107 394 TITLE: Particle Analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopynergy Dispersive X-Ray

Analysis/Image Analysis AUTHORS: Stettler LE Platek SF Groth DH SOURCE: Aerosols in the Mining and Industrial Work Environments, Vol. 3, Instrumentation, V. A. Marple and B. Y. H. Liu, Editors; Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, pages 1151-1167, 13 references, 19831983 ABSTRACT: Applying an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray analysis/image analysis (SEM/IA) technique to analyzing particles extracted from human lung tissue was described. Formalin fixed biopsy samples of lung taken from two males, aged 34 and 59 years, suspected of having occupationally induced lung disease were used. The 59 year old subject had worked as a slagger in a foundry and was diagnosed with silicosis. The 34 year old subject who had worked as a grinder was diagnosed with sarcoidosis. After deparaffinization, the samples were washed overnight in filtered deionized water, freeze dried to constant weight, and ashed in a low temperature asher with an oxygen plasma. The ash from each sample was added to 50 milliliters of a 0.05 percent solution of aerosol-OT in filtered, deionized water. The suspensions were ultrasonicated and filtered. The extracted particles were examined by SEM/EDXRA/IA. Free silica (14808607), aluminum-silicate (14504951), mica like particles, miscellaneous aluminum silicates, and endogenous particles were the most frequently found particles in the tissue from the patient with silicosis. Aluminum (7429905), tungsten (7440337), and free silica were the most frequently found particles in the patient with sarcoidosis. The authors conclude that the particles found in the patients' lungs probably originated in the occupational environment. SEM/EDXRA/IA offers a rapid automated technique for sizing, classifying, and quantitating particles in biological tissue. KEYWORDS: DCN-173528 NIOSH Author Analytical methods Microscopic analysis Sample preparation X ray analysis Trace analysis Particulates Lung tissue Pulmonary system disorders Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 14504-95-1 7429-90-5 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00184752 395 TITLE: EFFECT OF LINOLENIC ACID IN HUMAN DIET ON LINOLEIC ACID METABOLISM AND PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS. AUTHORS: ADAM O WOLFRAM G REITER S ZOLLNER N SOURCE: CONF. ON N3 FATTY ACIDS. READING UNIVERSITY, ENGLAND, 1984. PP. 128-129 ABSTRACT: EIS: Epidemiology Information System KEYWORDS: LINOLENIC ACID ARACHIDONIC ACID LINOLEIC ACID CHOLESTEROL HUMAN FEMALE ADULT BLOOD DIET METABOLISM PROSTAGLANDINS FATTY ACIDS BLOOD PLATELETS LIPIDS BIOSYNTHESIS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 463-40-1 506-32-1 60-33-3 57-88-5 PUBLICATION TYPES: PROCEEDINGS, STATEMENTS ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EPIDEM/001636 396 TITLE: THE POTENTIAL TOXICITY AND BIO ACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS OF TRACE ELEMENTS PRESENT IN AQUEOUS COAL CONVERSION EFFLUENTS

AUTHORS: HILDEBRAND SG CUSHMAN RM CARTER JA SOURCE: PROC UNIV MO ANNU CONF TRACE SUBST ENVIRON HEALTH; 10. 1976 (RECD 1977) 305-313 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-74-6 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-14-4 7440-10-0 7440-08-6 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-95-4

7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: PUMTA ENTRY MONTH: 197807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/78/09787 397 TITLE: Patch testing with sodium tungstate. AUTHORS: RYSTEDT I FISCHER T LAGERHOLM B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Occupational Dermatol., Univ. Hosp., 750 14 Uppsala, Swed. SOURCE: CONTACT DERMATITIS; 9 (1). 1983. 69-73. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard metal contains about 90% tungsten carbide. In an investigation of the skin of 853 individuals who are still working or had previously worked in hard metal manufacture, sodium tungstate was included in a patch test with a panel of substances from the environment of the employees. No allergic reactions to tungstate were found. Irritant pustular reactions appeared in 2.0% of the patch tests. The pustular reactions were often reproducible. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13472-45-2 13472-45-2 7440-33-7 CODEN: CODED ENTRY MONTH: 198309 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/10512

398 TITLE: Role of carbonates in mitigation of metal release from mining waste. Evidence from humidity cells tests. AUTHORS: HOLMSTROM H LJUNGBERG J OHLANDER B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Division of Applied Geology, Lulea University of Technology, 97187, Lulea, Sweden. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY (BERLIN); 37 (4). 1999. 267-280. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Leaching of two contrasting types of sulphidic tailings in humidity cells has been performed. The release of heavy metals and the oxidation rate have been studied. Tailings from the Laver mine contain a few percent sulphides and lack carbonates, whereas tailings from the Stekenjokk mine are both sulphide- and carbonate-rich. The results showed that in the leachates from the Laver samples, the metal concentrations increased and pH decreased with time, indicating an increased oxidation rate. In th hides. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES METHODS PLANTS SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Soil Science-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12136-45-7 12136-45-7 1309-48-4 1317-80-2 7440-20-2 1309-37-1 7631-86-9 7439-93-2 1344-43-0 1314-56-3 7704-34-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1

7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-17-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 1344-28-1 1313-59-3 1305-78-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENGOE ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/28316 399 TITLE: Respirable aerosols from fluidized bed coal combustion: 3. Elemental composition of fly ash. AUTHORS: WEISSMAN SH CARPENTER RL NEWTON GJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sandia Natl. Lab., Analytical Chem. Div., Albuquerque, N.M. 87185. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 17 (2). 1983. 65-71. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Fluidized bed coal combustion is a promising technology for using coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Trace elemental constitutents in fly ash from an experimental atmospheric pressure fluidized bed combustor (AFBC) were reported and compared with pulverized-coal combuster (PCC) ash data and those from other fluidized bed combustors. Bulk and size-separated particles were collected and analyzed by spark source mass spectrometry. Fluidized bed combustor ash

was similar to PCC ash in minor and trace element composition. AFBC ash showed less size dependence of elemental composition than reported for PCC ash. Bulk particle elemental composition varied with sampling position with the effluent stream. Penetration of elements through each cleanup stage and elemental enrichment was a function of the cleanup stage and the element under consideration. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7553-56-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7429-91-6 CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH:

198309 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/10639 400 TITLE: MULTI ELEMENT ABSORPTION BY CROPS GROWN ON ITHACA SLUDGE AMENDED SOIL AUTHORS: FURR AK KELLY WC BACHE CA GUTENMANN WH LISK DJ SOURCE: BULL ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL; 16 (6). 1976 (RECD 1977) 756-763 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. NEW-YORK USA BEANS ONION MILLET CABBAGE CARROT POTATO TOMATO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-64-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: BECTA ENTRY MONTH: 197811 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/00964

401 TITLE: Interstitial lung disease and asthma in hard-metal workers: Bronchoalveolar lavage, ultrastructural and analytical findings and results of bronchial provocation tests. AUTHORS: DAVISON AG HASLAM PL CORRIN B COUTTS II DEWAR A RIDING WD STUDDY PR NEWMAN-TAYLOR AJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6HP. SOURCE: THORAX; 38 (2). 1983. 119-128. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Five patients with respiratory disorders associated with hard metal exposure are described. In 4 patients electron microprobe analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage cells or lung tissue was used to show W and other hard-metal components. Three patients had interstitial pneumonia and fibrosis with unusual multinucleate giant cells. EM showed that the giant cells comprised both type II alveolar epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. The multinucleate macrophages formed a distinctive feature of the bronchoalveolar lavage material but the multinucleate alveolar epithelial lining cells were evident only in lung tissue. The other 2 patients both suffered from work-related asthma, 1 of whom also had pulmonary opacities. Bronchial provocation tests in these patients supported the diagnosis of hard-metal-induced asthma and implicated Co as the agent responsible. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: THORA ENTRY MONTH: 198311 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/12581 402 TITLE: Biomonitoring of airborne inorganic and organic pollutants by means of pine tree barks. I. Temporal and spatial variations. AUTHORS: SCHULZ H

POPP P HUHN G STAERK H-J SCHUEUERMANN G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Chemical Ecotoxicology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 232 (1-2). 1999. 49-58. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) bark samples were collected at two field sites (Neuglobsow, Rosa) and in different years between 1987 and 1996 in the east of Germany. The barks were analyzed with respect to the following inorganic and organic substances: Al, As, B, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mo, NH4+, Ni, NO3-, PO43-, Pb, Sr, SO42-, Ti, V, W, Zr, Zn, benzo(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH) and dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT). In addition to bark sam tial infra-structural changes in eastern Germany, especially at Rosa and in the industrial region around the cities Leipzig, Halle, and Bitterfeld. Moreover, nitrate concentrations in barks are increasing since 1995. The trend can be explained with increased nitrogen emissions from motor traffic and livestock farms. Spatial patterns of sulphate and ammonia reflect inputs from power plants and agriculture in pine stands of the Nature Park Dubener Heide. The results show that barks of pine trees c MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL PLANTS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Agronomy-General Coniferopsida CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14265-44-2 14265-44-2 14797-55-8 14808-79-8 14798-03-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7

7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 319-84-6 206-44-0 129-00-0 50-32-8 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/29530 403 TITLE: Life-term Effects of Mercury, Methyl Mercury, and Nine Other Trace Metals on Mice AUTHORS: Schroeder HA Mitchener M SOURCE: Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 105, No. 4, pages 452-458, 11 references, 19751975 ABSTRACT: The effects of chronic exposure to trace metals were investigated in Charles-River-CD-mice. Animals were given drinking water containing 5 parts per million (ppm) lead (7439921), nickel (7440020), vanadium (7440622), titanium (7440326), aluminum (7429905), beryllium (7440417), barium (7440393), methyl-mercury (22967926), mercuric-chloride (7487947), boron (7440428), or tungsten (7440337). Mice receiving 5ppm methyl-mercury were switched after 70 days to 1ppm. An additional group was given 1ppm methyl-mercury for the entire study. Treatment began at weaning and continued until death. Body weights were monitored, and dead

animals were autopsied. Vanadium exposure caused increased body weight. At 5ppm, methyl-mercury caused reduced body weight, but the lower dose caused increased body weight. None of the other agents affected body weight. Only the high dose of methyl-mercury was toxic. Longevity was significantly increased by vanadium and nickel. Life span was longest in mice that survived the 5ppm methyl-mercury exposure and were subsequently switched to 1ppm. None of the metals significantly increased tumor incidence. The authors suggest that this study provides guidelines for the relative toxicities of some common metals when ingested. KEYWORDS: DCN-115817 Toxic materials Toxicopathology Trace substances Laboratory testing Feeding study Lifespan Tumorigenesis Animal studies Toxic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 7439-92-1 7440-02-0 7440-62-2 7440-32-6 7429-90-5 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 22967-92-6 7487-94-7 7440-42-8 7440-33-7 CODEN: JONUAI ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00127344 404 TITLE: Evaluation of analytical performance of low-power MIP-AES with direct solution nebulization for environmental analysis. AUTHORS: JANKOWSKI K AUTHOR ADDRESS: Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland. SOURCE:

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 14 (9). 1999. 1419-1423. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Argon MIP-AES with wet aerosol introduction after ultrasonic nebulization was evaluated as a multi-element method for environmental analysis of water samples. Analytical wavelengths appropriate for the MIP radiation source were selected for elements included in ISO regulation 11885 concerning water quality control by means of ICP-AES. The analytical performance of the MIP-AES method was investigated under compromise operating conditions, including determination of detection limits for all the el entrations for water pollutants recommended by WHO were also used for evaluating the suitabilityof MIP-AES. The accuracy and precision of the method were investigated by the determination of some minor (10-500 mug l-1) and major (up to 100 mg l-1) constituents in certified water samples. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7439-93-2 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5

7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/30119 405 TITLE: A graphical technique for distinguishing soil and atmospheric deposition in biomonitors from the plant material. AUTHORS: RAHN KA HUANG S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Studies, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 232 (1-2). 1999. 79-104. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This paper explores the limits to which a new graphical technique based on log-log plots of selected elemental ratios can distinguish the various hierarchical levels of sources of trace elements within biomonitors. When applied to a large suite of samples from Portuguese lichens that had been analyzed by neutron activation and proton-induced X-ray emission, the technique appears to be able to resolve four levels of sources, including plant material, local soils, the three major components of atm Proportions of key elements in these factors fell within 30-50% of proportions determined graphically and sometimes were indistinguishable from them. Thus, it now seems possible to determine sources for elements in lichens with considerably more detail, precision, and reliability than were available previously. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS

PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM METHODS PLANTS SOIL LICHENS KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Ecology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Soil Science-General Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14900-04-0 14900-04-0 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-25-7 7440-20-2 7440-00-8 7439-94-3 7440-27-9 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 200002 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/00162 406 TITLE: Atmospheric metal deposition in France: Initial results on moss calibration from the 1996 biomonitoring. AUTHORS: GALSOMIES L LETROUIT MA DESCHAMPS C SAVANNE D AVNAIM M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 7625, 7 quai St Bernard, F-75252, Paris cedex 05, France. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 232 (1-2). 1999. 39-47. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The 1996 biomonitoring, set up by Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris VI) and ADEME (French Agency for the Environment and Energy Management), aims at obtaining information on the atmospheric deposition of 36 elements (most being heavy metals) all over France, using five common mosses as bioaccumulators: Pleurozium schreberi, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Scleropodium purum and Thuidium tamariscinum. The French data regarding 10 metals were incorporated into the 1995-1996 surv measured by INAA are presented in this paper. The results from moss species found in thesame sites (Ile-de-France area) are reported for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, V and Zn (INAA results). This preliminary study shows that interspecies calibration is possible for moss samples from the 1996 French biomonitoring study, for As, Fe and V (Pleurozium schreberi and Hypnum cupressiforme) and for Zn (Hypnum cupressiforme and Scleropodium purum). However, saturation effects in one species may be present wh MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM

BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY PLANTS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Musci CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14900-04-0 14900-04-0 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 200002 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/00163 407 TITLE: Radiochemical techniques applied to laboratory studies of water leaching of heavy metals from coal fly ash. AUTHORS: GOETZ L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Commission European Communities, Joint Res. Centre, Ispra Establishment, Radiochemistry Nuclear Chemistry Div., 21020 Ispra, Varese, Italy. SOURCE: WATER SCI TECHNOL; 15 (11). 1983. 25-48. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Assessment of the potential environmental impact of heavy metals (HM) mobilized by coal-fired power plants showed that water leaching of HM from pulverized fuel ash may for certain HM constitute an important pathway to the aquatic environment. This process was investigated in detail by laboratory experiments. Batch experiments were performed to simulate ash pond conditions; column experiments were carried out to represent water leaching from fly ash deposits. Using highly sensitive radiochemical techniques (radioactive tracers and neutron activation of fly ash) the fate of a single HM was followed even in low concentration experiments. Employing radioisotopic tracers the distribution coefficients of simple ionic forms of As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Cr, Mo, W, Ni and Cd in a coal fly ash/water system could be determined as a function of pH. Results obtained on the adsorption and desorption behavior of HM on coal fly ash were explained in part on the basis of the surface predominance and the aqueous chemistry of single ionic, mainly anionic, forms of the relative elements. Ion exchange and coprecipitation phenomena also seemed to be important processes. The nature and concentration of ions contained originally in the water used (distilled water, fly ash leachate and seawater) had a strong influence on the sorptive behavior of HM on coal ashes. The high degree of applicability of radiochemical and nuclear techniques to coal ash water leaching problems was demonstrated and further points for subsequent research in this field possibly using nuclear techniques were indicated. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-69-9 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-27-9 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: WSTED ENTRY MONTH: 198407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/84/08543 408 TITLE: Activation Analysis of Polluted River Water AUTHORS: Mamuro T Matsuda Y Mizohata A Takeuchi T Fujita A SOURCE: Radioisotopes, Vol. 20, No. 3, pages 111-116, 8 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: Instrumental neutron activation analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry with a high resolution Ge(Li) detector followed by spectrum analysis with an electronic computer was applied to elemental analysis of a river water sample which was collected from a river into which poured liquid wastes from a tungsten mine. Concentrations of 31 elements were determined. Among the elements were some metals which are regarded as important from the viewpoint of evironmental pollution, such as cadmium, arsenic, tin, and chromium; it was thus confirmed that such instrumental neutron activation analysis is quite useful for elemental analysis of polluted river water. The presence of uranium was found by detecting neptunium-239. Fluorescence X-ray analysis revealed the presence of molybdenum and strontium, but the concentration of these two elements could not be determined by the present activation analysis. In this study an attempt was made to determine concentrations of as many elements as possible, not limiting the study to heavy metallic elements. The information on the concentrations of many elements will be useful when comparing the elemental compositions of different river water samples with one another and attempting to realize the characteristic quality of a polluted river, and therefore may be expected to provide basic data for establishing long term counterplans against river water pollution. (Japanese) KEYWORDS: DCN-168446 Gamma ray spectrometry Pollutants Heavy metals Water sampling X ray fluorescence analysis Liquid wastes CODEN: RAISAB

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00030402 409 TITLE: Immunological aspects of chronic berylliosis. AUTHORS: VAN GANSE W OLEFFE J VAN HOVE W GROETENBRIEL C SOURCE: LILLE MED; 16 (5). 1971 680-686 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A 47 yr old patient exposed to a powder composed of beryllium oxide, inorganic phosphates, W, and As for a 4 yr period starting in 1945 was studied. A patch test for beryllium fluoride was positive starting at a concentration of 0.1% and was negative in 15 control subjects; histological examination revealed the presence of lymphocytic infiltrates. Normal lymphocytic transformation was observed upon lymphocyte culture in contact with phytohemagglutinin (79%), discrete transformation was observed upon culture in contact with low doses of Be (9%) and beryllium fluoride (12%), and lymphocyte transformation was not induced by higher doses. In a control subject, however, the lymphocytes were not stimulated at any of the doses used. Immunoglobulin (Ig) determination tests yielded normal results except for a slight increase in IgG. Mantoux and Kveim intradermal tests and other intradermal tests with house dust were all negative. This data confirms that tissular reactions induced by Be are probably caused by an immunological reaction of the delayed hypersensitivity type due to the action of sensitized lymphocytes. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1304-56-9 7440-33-7 7440-38-2 CODEN: LIMEA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/07170 410 TITLE: METABOLISM OF TUNGSTEN BY SHEEP AND SWINE

AUTHORS: BELL MC SNEED NN SOURCE: MILLS, C. F. (EDITED BY). TRACE ELEMENT ME; 1970 70-72 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RADIOACTIVITY CODEN: 01046 ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/03810 411 TITLE: Effect of short-term exposure to 5 industrial metals on the embryonic and fetal development of the mouse. AUTHORS: WIDE M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Zool., Uppsala Univ., Box 561, S-75122 Uppsala, Sweden. SOURCE: ENVIRON RES; 33 (1). 1984. 47-53. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An increase is expected in the world's industrial use of several metals, Al, Co, Mo, V and W, among others. Very little is known about their possible effects on early mammalian development. Groups of mice were injected with compounds of these metals either before implantation or at early organogenesis. None of the metal compounds showed any interference with implantation, but all of them significantly affected fetal development: Al caused an increased frequency of fetal internal hemorrhage, Mo inhibited fetal normal weight gain, W increased the frequency of resorption and Al, Co, Mo and V all interfered with fetal skeletal ossification. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-62-2 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVRA

ENTRY MONTH: 198408 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/84/09184 412 TITLE: N-substituted 4,6-diphenylpyridine-2-thiones: New photometric reagents for mercury. AUTHORS: PEREZ RUIZ T ORTUNO JA MOLINA P AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Anal. Chem., Fac. Sci., Univ. Murcia, Murcia, Spain. SOURCE: MIKROCHIM ACTA; 1 (3-4). 1984. 183-190. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The synthesis and application of the 1-(p-chlorobenzyl), 1-(p-methylbenzyl), 1-(p-methoxybenzyl) and 1-(2-furylmethyl) N-substituted pyridine-2-thiones were described. These reagents formed 2:1 complexes with Hg(II), with lambdamax 314 nm. These complexes were useful for the spectrophotometric determination of Hg(II) in the concentration range 0.2-2.0 mug/ml in the measurement solution. The apparent stability constants of the complexes were calculated and the interferences of many foreign ions investigated. The method was applicable to the determination of Hg in pharmaceuticals. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 89752-01-2 89752-01-2 89752-00-1 89751-99-5 89751-98-4 76950-90-8 76950-87-3 76950-86-2 76950-85-1 26479-00-5 24959-67-9 20461-54-5 7440-62-2 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-89-6 2393-23-9 617-89-0 302-04-5 104-86-9 104-84-7

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MIACA ENTRY MONTH: 198409 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/84/10567 413 TITLE: Analysis and Interpretation of the Inorganic Atmospheric Aerosol Composition AUTHORS: Dams R SOURCE: Mededelingn Vand/de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen, Kijksunivesrsiteit Gent, Vol. 38, No. 4, pages 1869-1884, 7 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: A method was developed to analyze inorganic particulate matter in atmospheric samples. Samples were collected on 10 centimeter discs of Whatman 41 filter paper using a high volume sampler. The samples were analyzed by nondestructive neutron activation using germanium/lithium spectrometry and computer assisted data reduction. In the first brief irradiation, lasting 5 minutes, the short lived isotopes of aluminum (7429905), magnesium (7439954), sodium (7440235), sulfur (7704349), calcium (7440702), titanium (7440326), vanadium (7440622), copper (7440508), chlorine (7782505), bromine (7726956) were detected. With a second irradiation of 7 to 21 hours, potassium (7440097), zinc (7440666), arsenic (7440382), gallium (7440553), molybdenum (7439987), antimony (7440360), cadmium (7440439), lanthanum (7439910), samarium (7440199), europium (7440531), tungsten (7440337), gold (7440575), selenium (7782492), chromium (7440473), iron (7439896), cobalt (7440484), nickel (7440020), silver (7440224), cesium (7440451), lutetium (7440291), iridium (7439885), mercury (7439976), and thorium (7440291) were detected. To complete the analysis, lead (7439921) was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Sulfate ions (14808798) and ammonium ions (14798039) were determined spectrophotometrically. The author concludes that the neutron activation method is sensitive, precise and semiautomatic. It can detect numerous elements and can analyze large numbers of samples conveniently. KEYWORDS: DCN-118648 Analytical methods Airborne particles Atmosphere analyzers Air samples Air filters Computer equipment Data processing

Radioisotopes Spectrophotofluorometry Qualitative analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7439-95-4 7440-23-5 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-32-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7440-09-7 7440-66-6 7440-38-2 7440-55-3 7439-98-7 7440-36-0 7440-43-9 7439-91-0 7440-19-9 7440-53-1 7440-33-7 7440-57-5 7782-49-2 7440-47-3 7439-89-6 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-22-4 7440-45-1 7440-29-1 7439-88-5 7439-97-6 7440-29-1 7439-92-1 14808-79-8 14798-03-9 CODEN: MFLRA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00130146 414 TITLE: TUNGSTEN CARBIDE WORKER RESPIRATORY DISEASES AUTHORS: SPRINCE NL

HALES CA WEBER AL CHAMBERLIN RI KAZEMI H SOURCE: GEE, J. B. L., W. K. C. MORGAN AND S. M. BROOKS (ED.). OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASE; INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, CHICAGO, ILL., USA, MAR. 24-27, 1982. XXXI+264P. RAVEN PRESS: NEW YORK, N.Y., USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-89004-900-9.; 0 (0). 1984. P226. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN ASTHMA PULMONARY FIBROSIS COBALT DUST CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 17147 ENTRY MONTH: 198412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/85/00768 415 TITLE: Heavy metal uptake and intracellular binding in isolated gill preparations of Mytilus galloprovincialis. AUTHORS: NOLAN C DUKE E LORENZON G SABBIONI E MARAFANTE E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Zool. Dep., Univ. Coll. Dublin, Republic Ireland. SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 40 (0). 1984 (RECD. 1985). 83-92. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An in vitro study was performed on the uptake and subsequent binding to protein of heavy metals in isolated gill preparations of M. galloprovincialis. The metals used in the study were Cd, Zn, Hg, V, Cr, Te, Tl, As and Tc. Experiments were conducted for 1 h and the disappearance of metals from the water correlated with final gill-metal concentrations. Distribution of metal between 105,000 g cytosol and pellet was determined, as was the association of each metal with

cytosol protein following gel-filtration chromatography. All metals were accumulated by the gills but the uptake kinetics varied with each metal. The association of each metal to protein varied for each type. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-26-8 7439-97-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEVA ENTRY MONTH: 198506 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/85/07179 416 TITLE: Multielement Neutron Activation Analysis of Biological Material Using Chemical Group Separations and High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry AUTHORS: Morrison GH Potter NM SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 44, No. 4, pages 839-842, 13 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: A method for analysis of biological specimens was developed combining chemical group separations and high resolution gamma spectrometry with instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Thirty one elements were tested, including: aluminum (7429905), arsenic (7440382), gold (7440575), barium (7440393), bromine (7726956), calcium (7440702), copper (7440508), europium (7440531), iron (7439896), gallium (7440553), potassium (7440097), lanthanum (7439910), magnesium (7439954), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), sodium (7440235), rubidium (7440177), antimony (7440360), scandium (7440202), selenium (7782492), strontium (7440246), vanadium (7440622), tungsten (7440337), and zinc (7440666). Following neutron bombardment for various time periods, volatilization for bromine and sodium, extraction with hydrated antimony-pentoxide, and separation on a variety of resins, samples yielded four groups of radiochemicals plus sodium and bromine. The gamma emission spectra were determined using a coaxial lithium drifted germanium detector and a 4096 channel analyzer. Five samples were exposed to four doses of nondestructive and one dose of

destructive irradiation. All 31 elements were uniquely detected and quantitated, and results agreed well with the National Bureau of Standards values. The authors conclude that this method is applicable for a wide range of biological samples. All elements except selenium can be obtained within 5 to 8 days. The ability to analyze freeze dried samples directly eliminates serious problems of loss and contamination associated with ashing. KEYWORDS: DCN-119019 Sampling methods Laboratory testing Analytical instruments Chemical analysis Biological factors Analytical methods Trace metals Trace analysis Biological effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-38-2 7440-57-5 7440-39-3 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-50-8 7440-53-1 7439-89-6 7440-55-3 7440-09-7 7439-91-0 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-36-0 7440-20-2 7782-49-2 7440-24-6 7440-62-2 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 CODEN: ANCHAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00130641 417 TITLE:

Determination of Tin and Molybdenum in Nuclear Reactor and Other Materials AUTHORS: Eberle AR Lerner MW SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 34, No. 6, pages 627-632, 11 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: To eliminate the tedious and erratic distillation separation of tin (7440315), a new 8-quinolinol (148243) extraction, spectrophotometric procedure was developed. Both tin and molybdenum (7439987) are determined in uranium (7440611), beryllium (7440417), thorium (7440291), zirconium (7440677), steels, and other materials. The method involves the extraction of molybdenum from a sulfate solution in the absence of halide, followed by the addition of halide and the extraction of tin. The molybdenum procedure can be made specific; tungsten (7440337) interference in the tin procedure can be readily eliminated. The procedure is rapid, accurate, and precise. KEYWORDS: DCN-174149 Organo tin compounds Analytical methods Heavy metals Refractory metals Transition metals Radioactive heavy metals Light metals Spectrometry Chemical extraction CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-31-5 7440-31-5 148-24-3 7439-98-7 7440-61-1 7440-41-7 7440-29-1 7440-67-7 7440-33-7 CODEN: ANCHAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00059893 418 TITLE: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF INORGANIC EMISSIONS

AUTHORS: ABEL KH YOUNG JA RANCITELLI LA SOURCE: RANDERSON, D. (ED.). ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE AND POWER PRODUCTION. IX+850P. +THE TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTER, OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY: OAK RIDGE, TENN., USA (DIST. BY NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE: SPRINGFIELD, VA., USA). ILLUS. ISBN 0-87079-126-5.; 0 (0). 1984. 423-465. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ACID RAIN AIR POLLUTION CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16984-48-8 16984-48-8 14797-55-8 13494-80-9 11104-93-1 10102-44-0 10102-43-9 10024-97-2 7782-49-2 7697-37-2 7446-09-5 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-14-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 630-08-0 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 18864 ENTRY MONTH: 198506 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/85/07811 419 TITLE: Determination of Chrysotile Content of Asbestos Cement Dusts by IR-Spectroscopy AUTHORS: Hlavay J Antal L Gyorgy-Pozsonyi L Inczedy J SOURCE: Fresenius' Zeitschrift fuer Analytische Chemie, Vol. 319, pages 547-551, 25 references, 1984 ABSTRACT: A new pellet preparation technique was developed for the quantitative determination of chrysotile (12001295) in asbestos (1332214) cement sediments. Samples of standard asbestos cement and sediments were gathered from various sampling sites. Pellets were prepared by the dilution method using ethanol to avoid agglomerization of the primary particles. According to the preliminary infrared and x-ray diffraction measurements, the industrial asbestos cement samples contained only chrysotile. Therefore, the study focused only on the quantitative determination of chrysotile. Optimal grinding time of the raw and standard samples was determined. Four grams of asbestos were ground in a tungsten carbide swing grinding mill for up to 1 hour and samples taken after 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes. Infrared spectra and x-ray powder diffractograms were recorded. The results indicated that by the end of the grinding period the crystalline structure of the asbestos was completely destroyed. In actual deposited samples taken from various sites in an asbestos cement factory, 10 to 500 microgram chrysotile/milligram concentrations were found. KEYWORDS: DCN-187476 Lemen Construction materials Cement industry Analytical chemistry Chemical analysis Asbestos cement Quantitative analysis Physical properties CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12001-29-5 12001-29-5 1332-21-4 CODEN: ZACFAU ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00192020 420 TITLE: The Determination of Cadmium by Atomic Absorption in Air, Water, Sea Water and Urine with a R.F. Carbon Bed Atomizer AUTHORS: Robinson JW Wolcott DK Slevin PJ Hindman GD SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 66, pages 13-21, 11 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: A method was developed for quantitative analysis of cadmium (7440439) in air, water, sea water, and urine. The method used atomic absorption with a radiofrequency carbon bed atomizer. Ambient air samples were assayed using small carbon chips in the atomizer rather than carbon rods. Air flow rates of 475 cubic centimeters per minute were employed. Two systems of liquid sampling were used. The first utilized a platinum hook for vaporization of the sample. Atomization was then accomplished by a bed of hot carbon. In the second system for liquid sampling, a 4 microliter sample drop was allowed to fall directly onto the hot carbon where vaporization and atomization occurred. Results of the two methods were compared. The direct drop method was used to determine the cadmium content of urine and sea water. Chemical interferences were studied by making up solutions containing 10 nanograms cadmium and 1 part per million interfering agent (perchlorate ion, borate ion, molybdenum/oxygen ion, nitrate ion, silicon-trioxide ion, sulfate ion, tellurium-trioxide ion, vanadium-trioxide ion, tungsten/oxygen ion, and monovalent ions of fluorine, bromine, iodine, and chlorine). Ambient air samples showed 0.020 micrograms per cubic meter (microg/m3) cadmium just after heavy rain and 0.035microg/m3 on a hot clear day. Results with liquid samples using the platinum rod method were imprecise. Using the direct drop method, the urine sample contained 0.1microg cadmium per milliliter (ml). Sea water contained 0.7microg/ml cadmium. No interferences were found with the ions tested except perchlorate and borate. Detection limits of 0.000000000001 grams were reached. The authors conclude that the method is highly sensitive, extremely selective, and capable of handling gas and liquid samples. KEYWORDS: DCN-119564 Analytical methods Air sampling Chromatographic analysis Urinalysis Quantitative analysis Sampling methods Analytical chemistry Biological effects Biological systems CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-43-9 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00131009 421 TITLE: Occupational Asthma Due To An Emulsified Oil Mist AUTHORS: Hendy MS Beattie BE Burge PS SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 42, No. 1, pages 51-54, 11 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: A case history of a tool setter with occupational asthma due to exposure from an emulsified oil mist was presented. The lubricant was a cutting oil called Superedge 4 blue used in grinding tools. The individual presented with a 10 year history of unproductive cough, wheeze, and progressive dyspnea that symptomatically improved on weekends and on holidays away from the work setting. There were changes in the big toes consistent with a diagnosis of chronic gout. Measurements of peak expiratory flow rate at 2 hour intervals revealed a deterioration in respiratory function over the course of the work day. Peak flow fell off by about 100 liters a minute during the day. In attempting to determine the cause of his asthma, initial bronchial provocation tests were made with components of the hard metals involved in the grinding operation, including cobalt (7440484) and tungsten (7440337). These substances produced no reaction. Additional tests were performed with the whole emulsified grinding oil and its components separately. The individual reacted specifically to the whole emulsified oil and to the reodorant, a pine-oil (8002093) preparation. He also reacted to colophony (8050097), a constituent of the emulsifier also derived from pine trees. In addition, the individual reacted to artist's turpentine (8006642), another pine tree product. KEYWORDS: DCN-133295 Occupational respiratory disease Humans Employee exposure Occupational exposure Machine operation Aerosol particles Lubricating oils Occupational medicine Industrial medicine Respiratory hypersensitivity

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 8002-09-3 8050-09-7 8006-64-2 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00146101 422 TITLE: Characterization and phosphate stabilization of dusts from the vitrification of MSW combustion residues. AUTHORS: TAYLOR EIGHMY T CRANNELL BS KRZANOWSKI JE BUTLER LG CARTLEDGE FK EMERY EF EUSDEN J D JR SHAW EL FRANCIS CA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environmental Research Group, University of New Hampshire, A115 Kingsbury Hall, Durham, NH, 03824, USA. SOURCE: WASTE MANAGEMENT; 18 (6-8). 1998. 513-524. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The use of soluble PO43- as a heavy metal chemical stabilization agent was evaluated for a dust generated from melting or vitrification of municipal solid waste combustion residues. Vitrification dusts contain high concentrations of volatile elements such as Cl, Na, K, S, Pb, and Zn. These elements are present in the dusts largely as simple salts (e.g. PbCl2, ZnSO4) which are highly leachable. At an experimental dose of 0.4 moles of soluble PO43- per kg of residue, the pH-dependent leaching (pH ertiary metal phosphate phases act as controlling solids for the equilibrium concentrations of Ca2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ in the leachates during pH-dependent leaching. Both end members and ideal solid solutions were seen to be controlling solids. Soluble phosphate effectively converted soluble metal salts into insoluble metal phosphate phases despite the relatively low doses and dry mixing conditions that were used. Soluble phosphate is an effective stabilization agent for

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): SANITATION SEWAGE KEYWORDS: Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68813-94-5 68813-94-5 7446-14-2 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-25-7 14280-50-3 7758-95-4 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 1314-13-2 7440-00-8 20461-54-5 7440-27-9 24959-67-9 14127-61-8 22537-48-0 15158-11-9 23713-49-7 16887-00-6 1317-36-8 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7647-14-5 7646-85-7 7447-40-7 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-44-0 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3

7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 471-34-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAMAE ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/16936 423 TITLE: The role of near-shore industrial waste releases in the dispersion of radionuclides in the NE Irish Sea. AUTHORS: HAMILTON EI AUTHOR ADDRESS: Phoenix Research Laboratory, Penglebe, Dunterton, Tavistock, Devon, PL19 0QJ, UK. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY; 44 (2-3). 1999. 297-333. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Over the past 27 years, through the use of autoradiographic methods combined with field observations and laboratory studies, I have concluded that the behaviour and distribution of the alpha-active actinide radionuclides in the estuarine and marine sediments of the NE Irish Sea are significantly influenced by the releases of other non-radioactive industrial wastes. Since the 1700s, the various industrial activities in the Cumbrian coastal region have included: haematite mining, diverse non-ferri lements, are extremely reactive towards the actinides. These wastes are now slowly being removed from the region by natural processes following the rapid decline of heavy industry in the area. These wastes have been present since BNFL first started to discharge radionuclides into the NE Irish Sea and have not, so far, been considered in any models for the dispersion of radionuclides in the region. It is shown that sediments of the NE Irish Sea and local estuaries contain a signif

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Public Health: Environmental Public Health: Environmental Public Health: Environmental CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12136-45-7 12136-45-7 14119-33-6 14234-35-6 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 1309-48-4 7440-25-7 13463-67-7 14596-10-2 1309-37-1 7439-93-2 1344-43-0 1314-56-3 7440-00-8 7439-94-3 7440-27-9 13967-70-9 15117-48-3 13982-63-3 13981-52-7 13981-16-3 13967-48-1 10198-40-0 10045-97-3 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-03-1

Industrial Toxicology Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Health-Air Health-Radiation Health

7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 1344-28-1 1313-59-3 1305-78-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JERAE ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/17093 424 TITLE: The Determination of Inorganic Elements in Biological Tissue by Activation Analysis AUTHORS: Bowen HJM Cawse PA SOURCE: Isotope Research Division (AERE), United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Wantage, England, Report No. AERE-R-4309, 44 pages, 19 references, 19631963 ABSTRACT: Neutron activation analysis, a technique for determining amounts of the elements in biological tissue, is discussed. Practical details of methods for determination of 19 of the elements are outlined. Almost all the elements present in biological material that is exposed to a high flux of thermal neutrons give rise to radionuclides. The most common process occurring is the capture of a neutron followed by the emission of a gamma ray and subsequent formation of a radionuclide. Radionuclides have known half lives and emit characteristic radiation. The counting rate obtained after neutron activation is related to the mass of the element present. A more selective and sensitive analysis is achieved by chemically separating the desired radionuclide from all other activities. In practice, samples are irradiated together with a standard containing a known weight of the element sought. The apparatus required and general techniques for collection and preparation of material to be analyzed are described. Methods for analysis of barium (7440393), bromine (7726956), calcium (7440702), chlorine (7782505), copper (7440508), gallium (7440553), iodine (7553562), magnesium (7439954), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), phosphorus (7723140), potassium (7440097), ruthenium (7440188), selenium (7782492), sodium (7440235), strontium (7440246), tungsten (7440337), vanadium (7440622), and zinc (7440666) are presented. These methods list characteristics of the radionuclides produced by neutron activation. Separation and determination techniques are described. Range, accuracy,

and interferences of the methods are noted. An appendix lists approximate amounts of 80 elements in various biological tissues, including dry plant, dry bone, dry muscle, whole blood, and a standard human. KEYWORDS: DCN-121038 Radioactivation analysis Chemical properties Isotope effect Exposure levels Biological effects Inorganic compounds Chemical analysis Irradiation Biological factors CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-39-3 7440-39-3 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7782-50-5 7440-50-8 7440-55-3 7553-56-2 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7723-14-0 7440-09-7 7440-18-8 7782-49-2 7440-23-5 7440-24-6 7440-33-7 7440-62-2 7440-66-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1963 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00133245 425 TITLE: Ultraviolet And Visible Radiation Transmission Properties Of Some Types Of Protective Eyewear AUTHORS: Moseley H SOURCE: Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 30, No. 2, pages 177-181, 6 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT:

The ultraviolet (UV) and visible radiation transmission of protective eyewear were examined. Eight different types of eyewear manufactured at six different facilities were tested. Two light source spectroradiometer combinations were used to cover the spectral range between 200 and 800 nanometers (nm) in 10nm intervals. Over the 200 to 520nm range, a point source deuterium discharge lamp, and UV spectroradiometer combination were used; between 500 and 800nm, the source was a 100 Watt tungsten halogen lamp and spectroradiometer. Spectrometer wavelength calibration was performed using line spectra from lithium, copper, and mercury lamps, and a helium/neon laser. The source and detector were fixed 8 centimeters apart on an optical bench for both wavelength ranges tested. The monochromator was set to the desired wavelength and a reading of intensity was taken. Transmission at each wavelength was calculated by expressing the intensity of light transmitted with the lens in place as a percentage of that without the lens. Goggles widely used by hospital staff and patients as protection against UV radiation all attenuated UV satisfactorily. The red goggles (eye cup type) transmitted red frequencies strongly and were opaque to the complimentary color green. The green goggles were opaque to red light; the goggles provided added protection and comfort when the light source emitted a high intensity of visible radiation. The green polycarbonate and green acetate anti glare spectacles and green clip on goggles provided a lower or insufficient degree of protection. Significant penetration of UV radiation occurred through the lens material of the green polycarbonate and green clip on eyewear. Two welding goggles provided mechanical protection when the front filters were raised but showed poor UV absorption. The author concludes that the several pairs of eye protectors tested conform to standards required of each product. KEYWORDS: DCN-137354 Safety research Physical properties Electromagnetic radiation Eye protective equipment Materials testing Safety equipment Protective equipment Health protection Health standards Equipment reliability Industrial equipment ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00150999 426 TITLE: Trace element inputs into soils by anthropogenic activities and implications for human health. AUTHORS: SENESI GS BALDASSARRE G

SENESI N RADINA B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institute of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. SOURCE: CHEMOSPHERE; 39 (2). 1999. 343-377. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Trace element definition and functions, and inputs into soils from the most important anthropogenic sources, related and not related to agricultural practices, of general and local or incidental concern, are discussed in the first part of this review. Trace element inputs include those from commercial fertilizers, liming materials and agrochemicals, sewage sludges and other wastes used as soil amendments, irrigation waters, and atmospheric depositions from urban, industrial, and other sources. I MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 65996-95-4 65996-95-4 10124-37-5 7803-63-6 7440-20-2 7440-69-9 7439-93-2 156-62-7 20461-54-5 8011-76-5 16887-00-6 16984-48-8 7782-49-2 7778-80-5 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2

7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 6484-52-2 57-13-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CMSHA ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/18168 427 TITLE: Some Important Occupational Lung Diseases AUTHORS: Dickie HA Chosy LW SOURCE: Disease-A-Month, No. 3, pages 1-35, 29 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: The causes of pulmonary disease and problems of diagnosis are reviewed. The importance of complete medical histories and chest X-rays is discussed. The difficulty of proving occupational origin of infectious diseases is briefly mentioned. The causes of pneumoconiosis are delineated. Exposure to silica (14808607), asbestos (1332214), other silicates, and diatomaceous earth is used to show the fibrosis process and difficulties in diagnosis. Coal miner's penumoconiosis and the similarity to graphite (7440440) exposure is discussed. Metal dust inhalation is reviewed with emphasis on beryllium (7440417) disease, bauxite (1318167) fume fibrosis, and tungsten-carbide (12070121) disease. Diseases from

vegetable dusts are summarized as are disorders found among textile workers, including byssinosis. Agricultural diseases reviewed include farmer's lung, maple bark disease, and bagasse workers' disease. The pulmonary effects of toxic gases and vapors are presented. Toluene-diisocyanate (26471625) is cited to exemplify reaction to synthetic organic resins. Treatments are discussed for several major categories of disease, along with latent periods and general prognosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-120413 Disease incidence Clinical symptoms Pathogenesis Clinical diagnosis Occupational exposure Toxic effects Dust exposure Inhalants Exposure levels Pulmonary disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 1332-21-4 7440-44-0 7440-41-7 1318-16-7 12070-12-1 26471-62-5 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00132479 428 TITLE: Trace elements in Al-Fe-humus podzolic soils subjected to aerial pollution from the copper-nickel production industry in conditions of varying lithogenic background. AUTHORS: NIKONOV VV LUKINA NV FRONTAS'EVA MV SOURCE: POCHVOVEDENIE; 0 (3). 1999. 370-382. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Numerous data on the concentration of trace elements (Rb, Cs, Ag, Au, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd, Sc, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb, Th, U, Zr, Hf, As, Sb, V, Ta, Se, Cr, Mo, W, Co, Ni, Br, and Ir) in Al-Fe-humus podzolic soils developing from different types of rocks and subjected to different levels of aerial pollution from the copper and

nickel production industry are considered. The distribution of elements by the profiles of soils on Quaternary sediments has common regularities. Rare-earth elements, a evere atmospheric pollution that, eventually, leads to the development of industrial barrens. Owingto the barrier effect of organic horizons, the distribution of these elements in mineral soil horizons is fully controlled by the lithogenic factor. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES METHODS PLANTS SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Soil Science-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-53-1 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-25-7 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 7440-00-8 7440-27-9 24959-67-9 7782-49-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-54-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-91-0 7439-88-5

LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: PVDEA ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/18330 429 TITLE: Sequential filtration of surface and ground waters from the Rabbit Lake uranium mine, northern Saskatchewan, Canada. AUTHORS: HOLLINGS P HENDRY MJ KERRICH R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada. SOURCE: WATER QUALITY RESEARCH JOURNAL OF CANADA; 34 (2). 1999. 221-247. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Major, trace and rare earth element analyses were conducted on water samples from four sites at the Cameco Rabbit Lake uranium mine in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Samples were collected from the mill discharge, raise water, the tailings and an adjacent well. Water samples were sequentially filtered through 3.0-mum, 0.45-mum, 0.2-mum, 0.1-mum and 0.02-mum Millipore filters. Trace element and metal abundances were higher in unfiltered samples directly related to the tailings management facility d with the TMF; however further filtration through progressively finer filters did not result in detectable variations in REE abundances. In the TMF-related samples removal of suspended sediment by the 3-mum filter resulted in changes in the REE patterns which were not observed in subsequent filtrations. The well sample did not display major variations in REE abundances with filtration, reflecting the lower colloidal load in that sample. Consequently, filtration through 3.0-mum o MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-52-0

7440-52-0 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-25-7 7440-20-2 7439-93-2 7440-60-0 7440-00-8 7439-94-3 7440-27-9 7440-30-4 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-54-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: XXAEL ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/19764 430 TITLE: Hand Eczema Among Hard-Metal Workers AUTHORS: Fischer T Rystedt I SOURCE: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 8, No. 4-5, pages 381-394, 23 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: The occurrence of eczema of the hands was studied among workers engaged in the manufacture of hard metal in Sweden. Hard metal is manufactured from metallurgically processed powder consisting of about 90 percent tungsten-carbide (11130737), other metal carbides in small amounts, and about 10 percent cobalt (7440484). The incidence of hand eczema among employees who had left the industry in previous years was determined through company records. Subjects were interviewed about symptoms, job conditions, and length of employment. Individuals were patch tested with 20 standard household and industrial substances. Of 1,006 workers who had left the industry, 87 had reported hand eczema. Of 776 subjects currently studied, 22 percent had suffered hand eczema at some time and 10 percent had hand eczema at the time of examination. Irritant reactions of the hands were found in 15 percent of workers. Grinding was the task involving the highest risk of hand eczema and irritant reactions, with wet and oil grinding having the greatest risk of hand eczema. Both hand eczema and irritant reactions were likely to have started in the first year of work, with 52 percent of eczemas and 67 percent of irritant reactions beginning in that year. It was estimated that 62 percent of eczemas and 77 percent of irritant reactions were of occupational origin, with another 28 percent and 14 percent, respectively, considered aggravated by work. Of those with present or previous hand eczema, 18 percent had positive patch test reactions. Contact sensitivity was more common, at 18 percent, among those with hand eczema than it was among those with irritant reaction. Cobalt sensitivity was found in 10 of 18 with positive reactions. The authors conclude that severity and frequency of hand eczema can be reduced by reduction of contact with suspected allergens through personal or environmental protection. KEYWORDS: DCN-141610 Physiological measurements Workplace studies Exposure limits Dermatosis Industrial dermatoses Physiology

Chemical analysis Diseases Skin Skin tests CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: AJIMD8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136857 431 TITLE: Pulmonary Signs Observed In Hard Metal Industrial Workers AUTHORS: Baudoudouin J Jobard P Moline J Lavandier M Roullier A Homasson JP Dezile G Tasseau MH SOURCE: Revue Francaise des Maladies Respiratoires, Vol. 3, No. 4, pages 343-362, 28 references, 19751975 ABSTRACT: Occupational exposure to hard metal dust was investigated in 16 factory workers. Of 250 employees, 16 subjects who complained of respiratory symptoms or who exhibited radiological pulmonary anomalies were followed for several months to 5 years. Intensive clinical, histologic, chemical, and biologic examinations were given to subjects with pulmonary symptoms, and work processes were evaluated. A high concentration of dust rich in tungsten-carbide (11130737) was found in the powder mixing shop. Bronchopulmonary disorders in six subjects were characterized by a bronchial irritation syndrome associated with diffuse interstitial fibrosis. Bronchial irritation was the first respiratory manifestation of intolerance to hard metal dusts in all subjects. None of the subjects had previous occupational exposures. Pathological symptoms improved or disappeared in nearly all subjects after job changes or improved working conditions occurred. Diffuse interstitial fibrosis was characterized by irritation, followed by increasing dyspnea on exertion, then changes in general condition after several years of evolution. Pulmonary radiography was normal in the irritation syndrome stage. Bilateral reticular nodular images and perihilar regions occurred in the fibrotic stage with diffuse, infiltrative opacities. Carbon-monoxide transfer was low in patients with fibrosis and was decreased in those with irritation syndromes. Hypoxia

with ventilatory alkalosis or hypercapnic acidosis was seen in patients with fibrosis. There was an immune cellular deficit that became more pronounced with increasing fibrosis, along with decreased lymphocyte reactivity. The authors conclude that hard metal fibrosis should be included in the list of occupational diseases. (French) KEYWORDS: DCN-123141 TRANS Biological effects Exposure levels Clinical symptoms Pathogenesis Biological factors Clinical diagnosis Histology Employee exposure Dust exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135232 432 TITLE: Effects of hard metal on nitric oxide pathways and airway reactivity to methacholine in rat lungs. AUTHORS: RENGASAMY A KOMMINENI C JONES JA FEDAN JS AUTHOR ADDRESS: Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA. SOURCE: TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY; 157 (3). 1999. 178-191. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. To examine whether the development of hard metal (HM)-induced occupational asthma and interstitial lung disease involves alterations in nitric oxide (NO) pathways, we examined the effects of an industrial HM mixture on NO production, interactions between HM and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on NO pathways, and alterations in airway reactivity to methacholine in rat lungs. HM (2.5 to 5 mg/100 g intratracheal) increased NO synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.23) activity of rat lungs at 24 h without increasing indu .5 mg/100 g, but not at 5 mg/100 g, potentiated the LPS-induced increase in NOS activity, iNOS mRNA,and

protein. However, HM decreased eNOS activity at 8 h and eNOS protein at 24 h. Whole body plethysmography on conscious animals revealed that HM caused basal airway obstruction and a marked hyporeactivity to inhaled methacholine by 6-8 h, which intensified over 30-32 h. HM-treatment caused protein leakage into the alveolar space, and edema, fibrin formation, and an increase in th MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY COENZYMES COMPARATIVE STUDY ENZYMES DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Enzymes-General and Comparative Studies Respiratory System-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TXAPA ENTRY MONTH: 199910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/20406 433 TITLE: Multi-element analysis of wild berries from northern Sweden by ICP techniques. AUTHORS: RODUSHKIN I ODMAN F HOLMSTROM H AUTHOR ADDRESS: SGAB Analytica, Lulea University of Technology, S-971 87, Lulea, Sweden. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 231 (1). 1999. 53-65. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In this study, the abundances of 60 chemical elements were determined in berries of blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and

lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) by a combination of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma double focusing sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SMS). Samples of both species were collected at 35 sites in northern Sweden. The sites are related to four zones representing areas affected by different types of human activi dual sampling sites were estimated, based upon in-site duplicate sampling and analysis. The contribution from surface contamination to total berry concentrations was assessed by analysis of samples before and after rinsing with water. A comparison of the two species showed that, in spite of very similar concentrations for the majority of the elements, the highest Tl, Sr and Ba values were found in lingonberry while the highest Cl and Re concentrations were found in blueberry. The MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-General Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Ericaceae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14900-04-0 14900-04-0 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-25-7 7440-05-3 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 7440-69-9 7439-93-2 7439-94-3 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 10028-16-7 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7

7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/23341 434 TITLE: Simultaneous Determination Of Nine Elements In Some Tissues Of The Rat

Using Neutron Activation Analysis AUTHORS: Kollmer WE Schramel P Samsahl K SOURCE: Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 17, No. 4, pages 555-562, 9 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: A method combining chemical separation and neutron activation analysis to determine inorganic elements was developed and tested using various rat tissues. Female Wistar-rats maintained on a standard diet were killed. The ovary and spleen and pieces of liver, brain, and uterus were removed and dried. Samples were irradiated under a thermal neutron flux for 24 hours. After 3 days, chemical groups were separated by an automated radiochemical procedure based on selective sorption in three columns. A mixed standard of known amounts of the elements sought was prepared and was irradiated in the same way. Final determination was carried out by comparing relative values of the sample and mixed standard. Patterns of distribution were found for sodium (7440235), calcium (7440702), iron (7439896), zinc (7440666), copper (7440508), molybdenum (7439987), cobalt (7440484), and rubidium (7440177). All of the elements exhibited three different concentrations in the five tissues tested. Maximum concentrations of zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, and rubidium were regularly found in liver tissue. Tungsten (7440337) concentrations did not differ significantly in different tissues. Data compared well with those available in the literature for human and animal tissue values. The authors conclude that the method is useful for simultaneous determination of elements and comparison of their abundance in a variety of tissues. KEYWORDS: DCN-123334 Biochemical analysis Physiological measurements Radiochemical analysis Radiation detection Trace analysis Animal studies Clinical techniques Laboratory testing Medical research CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-23-5 7440-23-5 7440-70-2 7439-89-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7439-98-7 7440-48-4 7440-17-7 7440-33-7 CODEN: PHMBA7 ENTRY MONTH:

199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135451 435 TITLE: Microbial heavy-metal resistance. AUTHORS: NIES DH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institut fuer Mikrobiologie, Martin-Luther-Universitaet Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06099, Halle, Germany. SOURCE: APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY; 51 (6). 1999. 730-750. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We are just beginning to understand the metabolism of heavy metals and to use their metabolic functions in biotechnology, although heavy metals comprise the major part of the elements in the periodic table. Because they can form complex compounds, some heavy metal ions are essential trace elements, but, essential or not, most heavy metals are toxic at higher concentrations. This review describes the workings of known metal-resistance systems in microorganisms. After an account of the basic princ MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY ENTEROBACTERIACEAE KEYWORDS: Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous Enterobacteriaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1317-86-8 1317-86-8 22541-60-2 22555-00-6 22537-40-2 22537-31-1 19768-33-3 22541-75-9 22537-29-7 22541-77-1 15596-54-0 22541-88-4

22537-33-3 16065-88-6 22541-40-8 23317-90-0 16065-87-5 16065-91-1 22541-90-8 22541-31-7 22537-49-1 14701-21-4 22537-20-8 14280-50-3 23713-48-6 22537-23-1 14701-22-5 22537-56-0 16096-89-2 16397-91-4 24203-36-9 14127-61-8 17428-41-0 15584-04-0 17306-35-3 14302-87-5 22537-48-0 22541-53-3 15158-11-9 15438-31-0 23713-49-7 22541-54-4 16065-83-1 22541-63-5 14546-48-6 18540-29-9 22537-22-0 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 13907-47-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AMBID ENTRY MONTH: 199911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/23577 436 TITLE: Multi-elemental analysis of jet engine lubricating oils and hydraulic fluids and their implication in aircraft air quality incidents. AUTHORS: VAN NETTEN C AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, 5804 Fairview Avenue, James Mather Building, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 229 (1-2). 1999. 125-129. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The flight crews of aircraft often report symptoms including dizziness, nausea, disorientation, blurred vision and tingling in legs and arms. Many of these incidents have been traced to contamination of cabin air with lubricating oil, as well as hydraulic fluid, constituents. Considering that these air contaminants are often subjected to temperatures in excess of 500C, a large number of different exposures can be expected. Although the reported symptoms are most consistent with exposures to vol and three lubricating oils which have been implicated in a number of air quality incidents. A secondary objective was to establish if the multi-elemental concentrations of the fluids tested are different enough to allow such an analysis to be used as a possible method of identifying the source of exposure that might have been present during aircraft air quality incidents. No significant concentrations of toxic elements were identified in any of the oils or hydraulic fluids. The MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0

7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/24663 437 TITLE: Lung Contamination Among Workers Exposed To Dust With An Iron Component. Magnetic Measurements And Radiographic Findings AUTHORS: Mattsson T Kalliomaki PL Korhonen O Vaaranen V SOURCE: Fifth International Pneumoconiosis Conference, 29 November, 1978, Caracas, Venezuela, International Labour Organization, pages 719-731, 20 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: The degree of lung contamination experienced by workers exposed to dusts containing an iron (7439896) component was studied. A total of 51 mild steel arc welders, 68 stainless steel welders, and 10 iron foundry workers submitted to clinical examinations that included detailed occupational histories. The lung function tests performed included spirometry, flow volume curves, the transfer factor and closing volume, with stainless steel welders also undergo histamine provocation tests. The radiographic examinations conducted included two full size posteroanterior chest films

taken at 125 and 70 to 80 kiloVolts and one 125 kiloVolt lateral film. The method used to measure ferromagnetic pulmonary contamination was based on the permanent magnetic field of magnetized particles; the results obtained were expressed as the average magnetic fluid (AMF) and converted to the estimated amount of contaminants in the lungs. The amount of dust retained in the lungs of mild steel arc welders ranged from 13 to 2,000 milligrams (mg) as a function of exposure duration. The amount of dust retained in the lungs of stainless steel workers averaged about 20mg for tungsten inert gas welders and 600mg for manual metal arc welders. Here, changes that could be attributed to inhaled dust were encountered in 17 subjects, with an additional 30 individuals exhibiting very discrete changes. The typical amount of retained contaminants detected among iron foundry workers ranged from 30 to 600mg, with siderotic lesions noted in all subjects. In this instance, radiographic findings correlated with measured AMF values. A correlation was seen to exist between radiographic findings and the amount of contaminants retained in the lungs for mild steel arc welders and iron foundry workers. The authors conclude that the determination of whether or not a correlation exists between retained lung dust content and inhaled pollutant concentrations will require the performance of systematic followup studies. KEYWORDS: DCN-145992 Pulmonary system Dust exposure Occupational hazards Work capacity Industrial exposures Exposure levels Chemical composition CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00158307 438 TITLE: PRECONCENTRATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS FROM WATER BY COPRECIPITATION AND ION EXCHANGE AUTHORS: ZMIJEWSKA W POLKOWSKA-MOTRENKO H STOKOWSKA H SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 84 (2). 1984 (RECD. 1985). 319-328. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM POLLUTANT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/00559 439 TITLE: (Hygienic assessment of electric welding and cutting of copper.) AUTHORS: VLASOVA-PRYADILOVA NV SOURCE: GIG TR PROF ZABOL; 15 (3). 1971 20-24

ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A highly dispersed aerosol, composed of the constituent welding materials, presents the main occupational hazard in Cu processing. The highest aerosol concentrations, including toxic Cu and manganese oxides, occur in hand-welding of Cu with Komsomolets-100 electrodes; the lowest when welding is performed with a tungsten electrode in protective gases. The basic hazards of welding with a fusing agent are due to the presence of Fl compounds. Acute and chronic experiments with animals indicated that the toxicity of the copper oxide aerosol is due to the combination of the sulfhydryl protein groups with Cu. This irritates the upper respiratory tracts, causing alveolar desquamation, interstitial perbronchial pneumonia and pneumosclerosis with formation of small cellular-dust foci, distinct from the silicotic ones. Health and preventive measures are discussed. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1313-13-9 7440-50-8 CODEN: GTPZA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/10578 440 TITLE: 1985 Supplement to NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 3rd Edition AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 85-117, 334 pages, 344 references, 19851985 ABSTRACT: With this Supplement to the Third Edition of the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, the complete manual contained 153 methods for over 300 substances. Updated methods were included for carbaryl (63252); carbon-disulfide (75150); dyes such as direct-red-28 (573580), direct-blue-6 (2602462), direct-brown-95 (16071866), direct-black-38 (1937377), direct-red-2 (992596), and direct-blue-8 (2429712); fibers including asbestos (1332214), actinolite (13768008), grunerite (12172735), anthophyllite (17068789), chrysotile (12001295), crocidolite (12001284), tremolite (14567738) and fibrous glass; the isocyanate group (71000823); paraquat (1910425); and tungsten (7440337); along with 4,4'-methylenebis-(2-chloroaniline) (101144) (MOCA) in urine. Also included were four direct reading instrument chapters and 51 newly revised methods for 99 substances. KEYWORDS: DCN-173082

NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author Analytical methods Chemical analysis Air quality monitoring Blood analysis Urinalysis Environmental contamination Workplace monitoring Workplace studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 63-25-2 63-25-2 75-15-0 573-58-0 2602-46-2 16071-86-6 1937-37-7 992-59-6 2429-71-2 1332-21-4 13768-00-8 12172-73-5 17068-78-9 12001-29-5 12001-28-4 14567-73-8 71000-82-3 1910-42-5 7440-33-7 101-14-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00184338 441 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF ALUMINUM ARSENIC COBALT CHROMIUM CESIUM IRON MANGANESE ANTIMONY SCANDIUM TUNGSTEN AND ZINC IN THE WORKROOM AIR BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AUTHORS: HADDAD E ZIKOVSKY L SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 93 (6). 1985. 371-378. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM QUEBEC MONTREAL CANADA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES

MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-20-2 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/05694 442 TITLE: The metal content of wind-blown dust from uranium tailings in northern Saskatchewan (Canada). AUTHORS: ARCHIBOLD OW AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Geography, Univ. Sask., Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 0W0, Can. SOURCE: WATER AIR SOIL POLLUT; 24 (1). 1985. 63-76. ABSTRACT:

HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The moss bag technique of air quality monitoring was used to assess the spatial distribution of metal particulates blown as dust from U tailings adjacent to the Lorado mill in northern Saskatchewan. Monitoring sites were set up at 32 locations on and around the tailings during June, July and Aug., 1982. Of the 23 metals initially detected in the tailings by plasma emission spectroscopy, 8 were found to be deposited on the moss bags at concentrations > 0.01 mug cm-2 day-1. Particulate concentrations were generally highest in the central and eastern parts of the tailings dropping off rapidly in the surrounding area. Although this could have been due to climatic conditions, it was probably the sandy texture of the tailings which restricted the distribution of particulates in this region. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAPLA ENTRY MONTH: 198506 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/85/07024 443 TITLE: Device For Automatic Recording Of Arcing Periods During Electric Welding AUTHORS: Ingle J

SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 30, No. 1, pages 123-124, 19861986 ABSTRACT: A device was developed for automatically recording the time and duration of arcing periods during electric welding. The recorder was tested during several welding procedures. The device was based on a reed relay as a detector of the circumferential magnetic field around the electric cables carrying the welding current. The relay was placed next to the cable in the direction of the field and opened and closed as the strength of the field rose and fell. An electrical circuit with a resistor/capacitor combination smoothed the fluctuating signal from the relay. An in built indicator and output to a chart recorder apparatus were added. The unit was tested with metal inert gas, tungsten inert gas and manual metal arc welding equipment with both direct and alternating current operation. The effects of nearby electrical equipment in the welding workshops was assessed. When the device was operated, arcing time peaks were clearly delineated. The unit gave satisfactory performance with all welding procedures studied. The arcing period detector itself was not susceptible to the interference of other electrical equipment but the recorder was affected in some cases. The author concludes that the developed device is useful in keeping a record of the arcing pattern of the welder to relate exposure to the work pattern. KEYWORDS: DCN-146475 Occupational hazards Electronic equipment Detectors Work capacity Health engineering Exposure levels Equipment design Welding industry Analytical instruments Industrial environment CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00158742 444 TITLE: INORGANICS AUTHORS: POLCYN DS SOURCE: J WATER POLLUT CONTROL FED; 57 (6). 1985. 446-462. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WATER POLLUTION ION CHROMATOGRAPHY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS MOVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Movement (1971- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-79-8 14808-79-8 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 14265-45-3 10043-92-2 10028-17-8 10028-15-6 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-44-7 7782-41-4 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7446-09-5 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-56-4 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-26-8 7440-24-6

7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-14-4 7440-09-7 7440-07-5 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 628-63-7 57-12-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JWPFA ENTRY MONTH: 198511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/12767 445 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF COBALT IN SAMPLES CONTAINING COBALT AND TUNGSTEN CARBIDE BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY AUTHORS: FIRRIOLO JM KUTZMAN RS SOURCE: AM IND HYG ASSOC J; 46 (9). 1985. 476-480. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM DUST HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-Minerals

Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 198512 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/15673 446 TITLE: Hard Metal Lung Disease: A Clinical, Histological, Ultrastructural and X-Ray Microanalytical Study AUTHORS: Anttila S Sutinen S Paananen M Kreus K-E Sivonen SJ Grekula A Alapieti T SOURCE: European Journal of Respiratory Diseases, Vol. 69, No. 2, pages 83-94, 33 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: Hard metal disease developed in four employees working in the same machine shop. One worker was a female, and none of the workers currently smoked. The shop produced circular saw discs, cutting tools and drills for woodworking. Tool bodies were steel, and the tooth pieces for the circular saw discs were made of hard metal. Blades for the cutters and drills were mostly of high speed steel. Dry grinding machines in the room had local suction, but there was no automatic general exhaust ventilation system. Workers did not use personal protective masks. The patients demonstrated severe dry cough, exertional dyspnea, restrictive ventilatory defect, impairment of diffusion and lack of early radiographic manifestations. Three of the four patients were given corticosteroids, and the treatment seemed to accelerate their symptomatic and radiographic improvement. Two of the patients recovered fully, but the third has a mild diffusion defect and asthma, even though his exposure was short. The correct diagnosis came too late in one patient, and he continued working for about 3 years after experiencing the first symptoms, developing a

permanent restrictive ventilatory defect, pulmonary fibrosis and bronchial asthma. KEYWORDS: DCN-149475 Tungsten minerals Cobalt compounds Metallic poisoning Metal workers Metal refining Metal industry workers Metal fumes Grinding mills Grinding equipment Ventilation systems CODEN: EJRDD2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00163671 447 TITLE: INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL ASH ON THE RUMINANT AUTHORS: NAGATOMI Y SOURCE: DENRYOKU CHUO KENKYUSHO HOKOKU; 0 (484004). 1985. 1-42. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM PASTURE BLOOD CONTENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/METABOLISM BONE AND BONES/PHYSIOLOGY BONE AND BONES/METABOLISM CONNECTIVE TISSUE/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE/METABOLISM FASCIA/PHYSIOLOGY FASCIA/METABOLISM JOINTS/PHYSIOLOGY JOINTS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ANIMAL FEED

ANIMAL NUTRITION FEEDING BEHAVIOR AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMAL FEED PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL SOIL MAMMALS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-Minerals Blood Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Animal Production-Feeds and Feeding Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Agronomy-Forage Crops and Fodder Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Mammalia-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10043-92-2 10043-92-2 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-44-7 7782-41-4 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-63-3 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-37-1 7440-36-0

7440-34-8 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-14-4 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-08-6 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-01-9 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-90-9 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: jpn CODEN: DCKHD ENTRY MONTH: 198602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/03828 448 TITLE: Acute Impairment Of The Sensitivity Of Skin Mechanoreceptive Units Caused By Vibration Exposure Of The Hand

AUTHORS: Lundstrom R Johansson RS SOURCE: Ergonomics, Vol. 29, No. 5, pages 687-698, 33 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: The effects of vibration exposure on hand skin sensitivity were studied in eight healthy humans. Subjects sat in a dental chair with the right forearm extended, supinate. To maintain stability, the forearm was supported by a vacuum cast. Nerve impulses in single afferent mechanoreceptive units were recorded using tungsten needle electrodes innervating the glabrous skin of the human hand to sinusoidal skin indentations at 2, 20, or 200 Hertz. Measurements were taken both before and 2 minutes after powerful vibration exposures at the same frequencies. The corresponding psychophysical thresholds were measured in collateral experiments while still monitoring the unit responses. An acute but temporary rise in threshold occurred as a consequence of the vibration exposure. A close correlation was found between the neural and psychophysical thresholds with regard to the shifts and the time courses of the recovery, provided that the thresholds were measured at the appropriate frequencies. The authors conclude that the acute impairment of tactile sensibility caused by vibration exposure most likely can be explained by a depression of the excitability of the mechanoreceptive afferent units. KEYWORDS: DCN-150152 Dermatitis Skin sensitivity Analytical models Sensitivity testing Vibration Skin Skin tests Analytical methods Dermatosis Analytical chemistry CODEN: ERGOAX ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00161717 449 TITLE: EFFECTS OF STUDDED TIRES ON ROADSIDE AIRBORNE DUST POLLUTION IN NIIGATA JAPAN AUTHORS: FUKUZAKI N YANAKA T URUSHIYAMA Y

SOURCE: ATMOS ENVIRON; 20 (2). 1985 (RECD. 1986). 377-386. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINUM TITANIUM POTASSIUM IRON THORIUM TUNGSTEN WINTER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS GASES BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ATENB ENTRY MONTH: 198606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/17345 450 TITLE: EFFECTS OF TRACE ELEMENTS AND PESTICIDES ON DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF RNA AND DNA ADDED TO SOILS AUTHORS:

FRANKENBERGER W T JR JOHANSON JB LUND LJ SOURCE: J ENVIRON QUAL; 15 (1). 1986. 81-86. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM YEAST SOIL MICROORGANISM SILVER COPPER CADMIUM MANGANESE NICKEL LEAD BARIUM COBALT MERCURY ZINC TITANIUM VANADIUM TUNGSTEN BUTYLATE CHLORAMBEN ATRAZINE NAPTALAM DICAMBA TRIFLURALIN MANEB CYANAZINE 2 4-D DINITROAMINE ALACHLOR PARAQUAT CAPTAN ERADICANE HERBICIDE FUNGICIDE METAL POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY ECOLOGY PLANTS BIOCHEMISTRY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY SOIL MICROBIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY REPRODUCTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY SOIL HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Soil Microbiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology

Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Pest Control CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 51990-04-6 51990-04-6 21725-46-2 15972-60-8 12427-38-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 4685-14-7 2008-41-5 1918-00-9 1912-24-9 1582-09-8 133-90-4 133-06-2 132-66-1 94-75-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JEVQA ENTRY MONTH: 198606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/17474 451 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN EPIPHYTIC LICHENS AND BARK SUBSTRATE AUTHORS: DE BRUIN M HACKENITZ E SOURCE: ENVIRON POLLUT SER B CHEM PHYS; 11 (2). 1986. 153-160. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ZINC CADMIUM AIR POLLUTION MONITOR MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM LICHENS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Morphology Plant Physiology Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14092-99-0 14092-99-0 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-09-7 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EPSPD ENTRY MONTH: 198606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/18294

452 TITLE: Respiratory Diseases in Hard Metal Workers: An Occupational Hygiene Study in a Factory AUTHORS: Kusaka Y Yokoyama K Sera Y Yamamoto S Sone S Kyono H Shirakawa T Goto S SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 43, No. 7, pages 474-485, 35 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: An occupational hygiene study of workers in a hard metal factory in Japan was conducted from 1981 to 1984. As of January, 1983, 282 workers were exposed to hard metal: 12 powder workers, 29 press operators, 21 sintering workers, 46 shapers, 137 grinding workers, two blast workers, five electron discharging operators, 16 inspectors, 12 researchers, and seven supervisors. An additional 37 individuals had been engaged in producing hard metal previously: nine powder workers, two sintering workers, nine shapers, 12 grinding workers, and one inspector, for a total of 319 workers. Occupational asthma related to exposure to a hard metal was noted in 18 employees (5.6 percent). A positive bronchial provocation test result to cobalt (7440484) was noted in nine workers. A mean time weighted average concentration of cobalt below 0.05 milligrams/cubic meter was suggested as causative of the asthmatic conditions. A positive patch test to cobalt was obtained in only two of the nine with cobalt asthma. Diffuse shadows of category 1 or over were detected on chest radiographs of three workers. Lung biopsy specimens obtained from two of these three workers were subject to x-ray microanalysis and revealed tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326), cobalt, nickel (7440020), and some minerals to be present. Pneumoconiosis due to exposure to silica was diagnosed in one of these two from exposure incurred during employment at a steel factory. Pulmonary fibrosis was suspected in the other as a result of inhaling dust generated from carborundum wheels while grinding metal. Interstitial pneumonitis was not diagnosed in the group. KEYWORDS: DCN-150784 Pulmonary system disorders Cobalt alloys Metal workers Allergic reactions Bronchial asthma Hard metal workers Hard metal disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6

7440-02-0 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00163381 453 TITLE: TRACE OF METAL EXPOSURE IN HARD METAL LUNG DISEASE AUTHORS: RIZZATO G LO CICERO S BARBERIS M TORRE M PIETRA R SABBIONI E SOURCE: CHEST; 90 (1). 1986. 101-106. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN PULMONARY FIBROSIS INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-58-6 7440-54-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 420-04-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CHETB ENTRY MONTH: 198610 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/30248 454 TITLE: Impotence in Silicosis-Associated Scleroderma AUTHORS: Barnadas MA Tuneu A Rajmil HO Abud O de Moragas JM

SOURCE: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Vol. 15, No. 6, pages 1294-1296, 10 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: A case of impotentia coeundi was reported in a 52 year old man suffering from silicosis associated scleroderma. The patient had a history of smoking, and worked as a wolfram miner for 5 years and as a quarrier for 2 years. Despite total impotence at the age of 49, libido, orgasms, and ejaculations were preserved until age 51. All sexual characteristics were normal, except for the homogenously enlarged prostate. Laboratory tests revealed a hemoglobin of 16 grams/deciliter, hyperuricemia of 446 micromoles/liter, and impaired glucose tolerance. Proximal sclerosis with sclerodactyly of the hands, necrotic ulcers at the tips of the fingers and toes, incurvature of the nails, and diffuse hyperpigmentation and telangiectasias on the face, lips, and hands were observed. Chest x-ray indicated a silicotic pattern. The impotence was believed to have resulted from an organic problem, probably the sclerosing disturbance. Early manifestations of impotence began at about the same time as the initial changes of scleroderma. It was not clear whether the alterations detected in his corpora cavernosa were the result of scleroderma or of a possible direct fibrogenic action of silica. While this is the first report of impotence in a patient with silicosis associated scleroderma, the authors suggest that this condition is more frequent than has been reported. KEYWORDS: DCN-151783 Case studies Occupational exposure Skin disorders Lung disorders Clinical pathology X ray diagnosis Medical examinations Mine workers Quarry workers CODEN: JAADDB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00165203 455 TITLE: A New Highly Sensitive Preconcentrating Sampling Technique For Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy AUTHORS: Newton MP Chauvin JV Davis DG

SOURCE: Analytical Letters, Vol. 6, No. 1, pages 89-100, 19 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: A preconcentration sampling technique for the analysis of metal ions by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy was described. A tungsten alloy wire loop was soaked in a sample solution of metal ions for 1 to 1000 seconds, then rinsed with distilled water, or samples were placed on the loop by micropipette. The wire was electrically heated for atomization of the sample. In some tests, a small glass tube was used to protect the wire from air and to hold the atomic vapor in the spectroscopic light path for a longer period of time. The relative deviation of both the soaking and pipette methods was 2 to 4 percent. Absorbance increased with increase in soaking time and with the concentration of metal ions. The concentration that gave 0.01 absorbance for the soaking technique was 0.0000003 parts per million (ppm) for cadmium (7440439) and 0.00014ppm for lead (7439921), corresponding limits of detection were 0.0000002ppm and 0.00014ppm. Both the sensitivity and detection limit were lower for the soaking method compared to the pipette procedure. It was not necessary to apply an electric current to the wire to concentrate the metal ions. The authors suggest that a chemisorption resembling an ion exchange mechanism is responsible for the adherence of the metal ions to the wire loop. They conclude that this preconcentration technique is extremely simple, and allows for good analytical sensitivity. KEYWORDS: DCN-124911 Metals Metal compounds Analytical chemistry Physical chemistry Trace analysis Sampling equipment Testing equipment Spectrographic analysis Chemical properties CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 7440-43-9 7439-92-1 CODEN: ANALBP ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136773 456 TITLE: LOCALIZATION AND DYNAMIC OF WOLFRAM-185 EXCRETION IN CHICKENS POLLUTED PARENTERALLY AUTHORS: NOWOSAD R

SIMONI J KUBOK-GOTTLIEB L SOURCE: MED WETER; 42 (5). 1986. 287-290. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS PHYSIOLOGY METABOLISM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/METABOLISM BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY ANIMAL HUSBANDRY POULTRY ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL NUTRITION POULTRY VETERINARY MEDICINE BIRDS KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Physiology Metabolism-General Metabolism Digestive System-Physiology and Biochemistry Blood Poultry Production-General Poultry Production-Feeds and Feeding Veterinary Science-General Galliformes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14932-41-3 LANGUAGE: pol CODEN: MDWTA ENTRY MONTH: 198702 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/04550 457 TITLE:

WOLFRAM SYNDROME AUTHORS: MAZALOVA NS KOVALEVA NB SOURCE: KLIN MED (MOSC); 64 (8). 1986. 118-119. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM NOTE HUMAN RENORADIOGRAPHY EXCRETORY UROGRAPHY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY, COMPARATIVE RADIOGRAPHY DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY METABOLIC DISEASES UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENDOCRINE GLANDS FEMALE GONADS MALE PLACENTA PANCREAS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Anatomy and Histology Pathology Metabolism-Metabolic Disorders Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Endocrine System-General Endocrine System-Gonads and Placenta Endocrine System-Pancreas Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Hominidae LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: KLMIA ENTRY MONTH: 198703 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/08856 458 TITLE: THE USE OF THE CHORIOALLANTOIC MEMBRANE TO ASSESS IMPLANT TOXICITY DIRECTLY AUTHORS: MONRO PP PRINGLE WS KNIGHT D SHEARER JR SOURCE: EIGHTEENTH TRIENNIAL CONFERENCE OF THE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES, SOUTHAMPTON, ENGLAND, AUG. 18-22, 1986. MED LAB SCI; 43 (SUPPL. 1). 1986. S7. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT CHICK EMBRYO COBALT NICKEL TUNGSTEN ALUMINUM TITANIUM METALS TECHNOLOGY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MEMBRANES/PHYSIOLOGY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING MINERALS/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS GENITALIA REPRODUCTION POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY EMBRYOLOGY FETAL DEVELOPMENT LARVA BIRDS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Membrane Phenomena Biophysics-Bioengineering Metabolism-Minerals Reproductive System-General Toxicology-General Developmental Biology-Embryology-General and Descriptive In Vitro Studies Galliformes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7

7440-32-6 7440-02-0 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MLASD ENTRY MONTH: 198703 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/09022 459 TITLE: Determination of Tin in the ng/g Range by Differential Pulse Polarography AUTHORS: Weber G SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 186, pages 49-56, 13 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: The use of differential pulse polarography for the determination of tin (7440315) was described, and analyses were performed on water and fruit juice. Tropolone was used in this method as it enhances the signal by a factor of about 30. In 0.2 molar acetate buffer of pH 4.7, two polarographic signals were obtained for tin, one at -0.26 volts (V) and the other at -0.58V. Tropolone was reduced at -1.1V. Tropolone was adsorbed onto the electrode surface. It is stated that signal enhancement can be explained by this adsorption and catalytic reduction of the tin/tropolone chelate at the electrode surface. The influence of electrolyte composition on tin signals and the influence of the measuring conditions were discussed. While nickel and indium offered some interference, this was removed simply by adding EDTA to the solution. EDTA also prevented interference from aluminum. Large amounts of iron or gallium interfered but the tin peak could still be quantified. Large amounts of chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium and titanium interferes due to their peak potentials being close to that of tin. Water from the Rhine river and canned fruit juice were analyzed. Good agreement was obtained with the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and alternating current anodic stripping voltammetry methods. KEYWORDS: DCN-152871 Chemical analysis Quantitative analysis Water analysis Food contaminants Environmental contamination Environmental pollution Metals Polarography Analytical methods

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-31-5 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00166126 460 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN SUGARCANE REFUSE BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AUTHORS: MOHAMED AE SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 107 (2). 1986 (RECD. 1987). 121-128. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SOIL HEAVY METAL POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FOOD TECHNOLOGY FRUIT NUTS VEGETABLES FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL TEXTILES GRASSES

KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-Fruits Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Agronomy-Fiber Crops Gramineae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-09-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 420-04-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198705 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/13079 461 TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ON TRACE METALS RADIOCHEMICAL SEPARATIONS FOR NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AUTHORS: PIETRA R SABBIONI E GALLORINI M ORVINI E

SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 102 (1). 1986 (RECD. 1987). 69-98. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN HEAVY METAL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 15575-20-9 15575-20-9 14914-75-1 14683-10-4 14596-37-3 14596-12-4 14391-76-5 14378-21-3 14374-79-9 14269-78-4 14265-75-9 14265-71-5 13982-78-0 13982-39-3 13982-04-2 13981-51-6 13981-25-4 13967-73-2 13967-63-0 13966-06-8 10043-49-9 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-58-6

7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-13-3 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198705 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/14085 462 TITLE: Respiratory Tract Disease AUTHORS: Rosenstock L Cullen MR SOURCE: Clinical Occupational Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, W. B. Saunders Company, pages 14-44, 9 references, 19861986

ABSTRACT: Pragmatic strategies are presented for the management of patients with respiratory disease of suspected occupational origin. In order to establish any program of treatment or management, a clinical evaluation must be made including a history of the patient, physical examination, and various laboratory tests possibly including chest radiographs, spirometry, full pulmonary function testing, laryngoscopy, nonspecific airway challenge, pulmonary exercise testing, fiberoptic bronchoscopy with brushing and cytology, bronchoalveolar lavage for differential cell counts and special studies, transbronchial biopsy, open lung biopsy, immunologic testing, and lymphocyte studies. Specific respiratory tract diseases discussed include occupational asthma, byssinosis, pneumonitis, metal fume fever, polymer fume fever, toxic pneumonitis or pulmonary edema, pulmonary asbestosis, silicosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis, other pneumoconioses (from silicates, fibrous glass, tungsten-carbide (12070121) dust, and aluminum-oxide (1344281) dust), chronic beryllium (7440417) disease, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic pleural disease, diffuse malignant mesothelioma, upper respiratory tract cancers, and bronchogenic carcinoma of the lung. KEYWORDS: DCN-154602 Pulmonary system disorders Respiratory irritants Metallic poisoning Inhalants Respiratory neoplasms Clinical diagnosis Clinical tests Occupational health Lung function Occupational respiratory disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 1344-28-1 7440-41-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00168213 463 TITLE: Metals AUTHORS: Rosenstock L Cullen MR SOURCE: Clinical Occupational Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, W. B. Saunders Company, pages 197-213, 5 references, 19861986

ABSTRACT: Metals are discussed which are encountered in the workplace. Aluminum (7429905) is hazardous to welders and grinders, causing progressive pneumoconiosis, asthma, benign telangiectasia, and a progressive neurologic degenerative disease with encephalopathy and movement disorder. Antimony (7440360) exposure in the rubber industry, glass making industry and pharmaceutical industry causes gastrointestinal and neuromuscular effects. Arsenic (7440382), usually as arsenic-trioxide (1327533), causes gastric symptoms with resultant cardiogenic shock, hepatotoxicity, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Beryllium (7440417) is a hazard to smelters and metalworkers, causing respiratory diseases. Cadmium (7440439) is found in pigments, explosives, smelting operations, electroplating, battery making, alloying and the manufacture of paint. Effects include pneumonitis and kidney disorders. Chromium (7440473) exposure occurs in metal plating and finishing, leather tanning, cement handling, pigment production, photography, and engraving, causing ulcers of the skin and mucosa as well as pulmonary effects. Cobalt (7440484) occurs in the manufacture of tungsten-carbide tools by sintering. Copper (7440508) exposure is widespread as is exposure to lead (7439921). Magnesium (7439954) is used in alloying or as a powdered metal in flares and incendiaries. Manganese (7439965) exposures occur during mining, smelting and welding operations and the making of batteries. Exposure can cause parkinsonism or related symptoms. Mercury (7439976) exposure occurs from mining operations, treatment of animal fur for felt hats, dentistry, battery making, jewelry making, working with plastics, and instrument making. Similar information is provided for nickel (7440020), platinum (7440064), selenium (7782492), silver (7440224), thallium (7440280), tin (7440315), uranium (7440611), vanadium (7440622), and zinc (7440666) exposures. KEYWORDS: DCN-154613 Metal fumes Metal dusts Metallic poisoning Heavy metals Occupational exposure Metal workers Clinical symptoms Occupational hazards CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 1327-53-3 7440-41-7 7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7439-92-1 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7440-02-0 7440-06-4 7782-49-2 7440-22-4

7440-28-0 7440-31-5 7440-61-1 7440-62-2 7440-66-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00168224 464 TITLE: REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF METALS IN HUMAN BRAIN AUTHORS: UITTI RJ RAJPUT AH ROZDILSKY B YUEN WK SOURCE: CLIN INVEST MED; 10 (1). 1987. 10-13. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE METAL DEFICIENCY TOXICITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM METABOLIC DISEASES NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Metabolism-Metabolic Disorders Nervous System-Pathology Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-66-6

7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CNVMD ENTRY MONTH: 198706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/15709 465 TITLE: DISTRIBUTION METABOLISM AND TOXICITY OF INHALED SULFUR DIOXIDE AND ENDOGENOUSLY GENERATED SULFITE IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT OF NORMAL AND SULFITE OXIDASE-DEFICIENT RATS AUTHORS: GUNNISON AF SELLAKUMAR A CURRIE D SNYDER EA SOURCE: J TOXICOL ENVIRON HEALTH; 21 (1-2). 1987. 141-162. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM AIR POLLUTANT TUNGSTEN MOLYBDENUM TESTICULAR ATROPHY SPERMATOGENESIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENZYMES/CHEMISTRY

ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY NECROSIS/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PHYSIOLOGY GENITALIA/METABOLISM REPRODUCTION GENITALIA/PATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY REPRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Chemical and Physical Enzymes-Physiological Studies Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Reproductive System-Physiology and Biochemistry Reproductive System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14996-02-2 14996-02-2 14265-45-3 7446-09-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JTEHD ENTRY MONTH: 198707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/20093 466 TITLE: Identification of Inorganic Dust Particles in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Macrophages by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Microanalysis AUTHORS: Johnson NF Haslam PL Dewar A Newman-Taylor AJ Turner-Warwick M SOURCE: Archives of Environmental Health, Vol. 41, No. 3, pages 133-144, 19 references, 19861986

ABSTRACT: The use of electron microscopy (EM) and x-ray microanalysis in detection and quantitative analysis of inhaled inorganic dust was studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on ten patients exposed to various inorganic dusts and on a comparison group of ten subjects with no history of inorganic dust exposure. Cytocentrifuge preparations were made and cells were examined under normal and polarized light microscopy and by EM. In the exposed group, ferruginous bodies (FBs) were detected in the cytocentrifuge preparations of seven of the 12 patients. FBs were present in all five patients exposed to asbestos (1332214), including two patients exposed to talc (14807966) and two with no diagnosed lung disease. The FBs count did not correlate with the duration of exposure. Talc and asbestos inclusions in the macrophages were readily distinguished from smoke related inclusions by light microscopy. Unusual occlusions were recognized in two patients exposed to hard metal dust and in one of two subjects with known exposure to silica. Two exposed patients, one to silica and one to printing ink, had neither FBs nor unusual inclusions. Histological sections showed FBs and/or dust inclusions in macrophages in five of the seven exposed patients and in none of the comparison subjects. Eighteen types of particles, fibrous, platy forms, and nonfibrous forms were detected. Amosite (12172735) was present in all five patients with asbestosis. Other minerals identified were crocidolite (12001284), chrysotile (12001295), talc, silica (14808607), tungsten (7440337), titanium (7440326), chlorite (1318598), mullite (1302767), iron (7439896), kaolinite (12141467), and mica (12001262). FBs were detected less frequently in the EM preparations than in light microscopy. The authors suggest that x-ray microanalysis of BAL material may be useful for identifying and to monitoring retained particles after removal from exposure. KEYWORDS: DCN-154817 Humans Analytical methods Microscopic analysis Phagocytes Metallic dusts Asbestos dust Silica dusts Pulmonary system disorders Biochemical tests Occupational exposure Particulate sampling methods X ray analysis Dust particles CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1332-21-4 1332-21-4 14807-96-6 12172-73-5 12001-28-4 12001-29-5 14808-60-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 1318-59-8 1302-76-7 7439-89-6

12141-46-7 12001-26-2 CODEN: AEHLAU ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00168439 467 TITLE: Ocular Toxicity of Newer Industrial Metals AUTHORS: Lauring L Wergeland FL Jr SOURCE: Military Medicine, Vol. 135, No. 12, pages 1171-1174, 9 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: The ocular toxicity of 12 industrial metals was studied in rabbits. Specimens of pure cadmium (7440439), chromium (7440473), cobalt (7440484), molybdenum (7439987), tantalum (7440257), indium (7440746), magnesium (7439954), manganese (7439965), tin (7440315), titanium (7440326), and tungsten (7440337), were implanted in the midvitreous of the eyes of Dutch-pigmented-rabbits. The animals were sacrificed when either a mature cataract, prolonged severe inflammation, or disorganization of intraocular structures became evident. Only cadmium, cobalt, and nickel produced pathologic changes in rabbit eyes. Cadmium resulted in mature cataracts, severe anterior chamber inflammation, and iris bombe after 3 months. Cobalt caused an abscess involving the lens, ciliary body, vitreous and retina after 4 months. A second rabbit given cobalt showed osseous metaplasia of the retinal pigment epithelium. After 4 months, the nickel treated eyes showed a detached retina involved in an early cyclitic membrane, and necrosis of portions of the lens, clay body and retina. The authors conclude that cadmium, cobalt, and nickel are moderately to severely toxic to rabbit eyes and that the clinical implications are related to the concentration of these metals in the eye. KEYWORDS: DCN-121857 Toxic effects Toxic materials Toxicology Toxins Eye irritants Eyes Retinal disorders Metal poisoning Animal studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9

7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7439-98-7 7440-25-7 7440-74-6 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 CODEN: MMEDA9 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00127456 468 TITLE: FATE OF FALLOUT INGESTED BY LIVESTOCK PART 1 DAIRY COWS AUTHORS: POTTER GD VATTUONE GM MCINTYRE DR SOURCE: U S GOV RES DEV REP; 71 (5). 1971 47 UCRL-72636 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. MILK TUNGSTEN ARSENIC BARIUM IODINE RHENIUM RUTHENIUM TELLURIUM ISOTOPES CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-15-5 7440-18-8 7440-33-7 7440-38-2 7440-39-3 7553-56-2 10028-16-7 CODEN: XRDRA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/11002 469

TITLE: HALLUCINATIONS AND CLOUDING OF SENSORIUM IN ACUTE ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT RELATIONSHIPS INCLUDING EVIDENCE FOR CULTURAL HALLUCINOGENIC MECHANISMS AUTHORS: GROSS MM ROSENBLATT SM LEWIS E MALENOWSKI B BROMAN M SOURCE: KEUP, WOLFRAM (EDITED BY). ORIGIN AND MECH; 1970 227-236 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 64-17-5 CODEN: 01659 ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/03891 470 TITLE: Spectrophotometric determination of traces of arsenic by an extraction method. AUTHORS: Pakalns P SOURCE: Anal. Chim. Acta; 47(2): 225-36, 1969; (REF:12) ABSTRACT: HAPAB A general method is presented for the spectrophotometric determination of arsenic at trace levels. The method is applicable to the determination of arsenic in waters and in many metals, salts and alloys. In the procedure, the sample was diluted to 25 ml with water and adjusted to pH 0.10 with 9 N sulfuric acid. Ten ml of 5% ammonium molybdate solution were then added. Molybdophosphoric acid was removed by two preliminary extractions, either with isobutyl acetate or with isoamyl alcohol if the solutions contain niobium or titanium. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is used when oxidizing acids are present or when arsenic has to be determined in certain oxidizing agents. The yellow molybdoarsenic acid was extracted with n-butanol and subsequently reduced to the blue complex with tin ( II ) chloride in dilute hydrochloric acid. The absorbance was measured against a blank at 740 nm in 2-cm cells. A standard addition of 20 mcg of arsenic should always be made. Results showed that more than 99.5% of the yellow molybdoarsenic acid was separated with one extraction of not more than 25 ml butanol. Beer's law was obeyed to 5 mcg arsenic/ml. Solutions containing up to 50 mcg of

arsenic were used, but the range can be extended to 125 mcg of arsenic by using 1-cm cells. The relative standard deviation at the 0.8 mcg arsenic/ml level was plus or minus 0.6%. A comprehensive study of interferences was carried out and modifications are described which permit the determination of arsenic in the presence of antimony, bismuth, cerium, copper, zirconium, tungsten, niobium, germanium, phosphorous, silicon, thorium, titanium and vanadium. ANALYSIS 70/04/00, 162 1969 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-38-2 ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HAPAB/70/00527 471 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-85-254-1722, United Technologies Diesel Systems, Springfield, Massachusetts AUTHORS: Kerndt PR Rondinelli R Burr G SOURCE: Hazard Evaluation and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-85-254-1722, 25 pages, 55 references, 19861986 ABSTRACT: Due to a request from Local 206 of the International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers, an evaluation was made of effects of metal dusts which occur as a result of sharpening and repairing tools at United Technologies Diesel Systems (SIC-3541), Springfield, Massachusetts. Concentrations of cobalt (7440484) in personal air samples ranged from not detectable to 0.24mg/m3. Respirable dust levels ranged from 0.04 to 0.72mg/m3. A range of 0.24 to 5.3mg/m3 was noted for total nuisance dust. Tungsten (7440337) was not detected in personal air samples. Nickel (7440020) was detected up to 5.0 micrograms/cubic meter. Only nonspecific complaints were registered on a questionnaire filled out by five workers. One worker was identified with mild to moderate restrictive lung disease. Three of four workers showed a reduction in forced expiratory volume; a 10 percent or more reduction was noted in two workers. One worker had an elevation of the left hemidiaphragm on x-ray. Cobalt concentration in the blood ranged from 3.8 to 5.0 micrograms per deciliter. The authors conclude that a potential health hazard exists from airborne exposure to cobalt. Recommendations by the authors include: modifications to the local exhaust ventilation system; employee training; improvement in general housekeeping; advising employees of health effects of exposure to metal dusts; yearly pulmonary function testing; baseline chest x-rays; maintaining medical records for at least 30 years; and discouraging smoking on the job. KEYWORDS:

DCN-155083 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report HETA 85 254 1722 Region 1 Hazard Confirmed Metal workers Metal fumes Metal industry Metal industry workers Metal finishing Metal carbides Metallic poisoning CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00165798 472 TITLE: ANALYSIS OF DUSTS AND EVALUATION OF DUST EXPOSURE IN A HARD METAL FACTORY AUTHORS: YAMADA Y KIDO T HONDA R ISHIZAKI M TSURITANI I YAMAYA H NOGAWA K SOURCE: IND HEALTH; 25 (1). 1987. 1-10. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN WORKERS COBALT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE URINE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HAZARDOUS OCCUPATION AIR POLLUTION METAL INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL GASES

MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PATHOLOGY URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS DRUG ADMINISTRATION ROUTES ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Clinical Biochemistry Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Pathology Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Respiratory System-General Routes of Immunization Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: INHEA ENTRY MONTH: 198709 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/25196 473 TITLE: Analysis of Dusts and Evaluation of Dust Exposure in a Hard Metal Factory

AUTHORS: Yamada Y Kido T Honda R Ishizaki M Tsuritani I Yamaya H Nogawa K SOURCE: Industrial Health, Vol. 25, No. 1, pages 1-10, 13 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: Dusts produced in different working areas of a hard metal workshop were examined for their sizes, shapes and chemical compositions using an energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) microanalyzer, x-ray diffractometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Urinalyses were also performed to determine whether urinary cobalt (7440484) excretion reflected the less than 0.05mg/m3 exposure levels found in the workshop. Urine samples obtained immediately prior to work showed only a trace amount of cobalt, less than 0.02 milligrams/liter (mg/l). The peak excretion occurred 6 to 9 hours after work began, and the highest cobalt concentration was 0.08mg/l, in the cutting area. The next highest was in the mixing area, 0.06mg/l. In a 24 hour period, the mixing and cutting area workers excreted 27.7 and 23.1 micrograms of cobalt in the urine, respectively. Pressing and grinding workers showed 3.96 and 13.4 micrograms, respectively. Even though exposure levels of cobalt, which ranged from 0.105 to 0.119mg/m3, were well below the levels established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists in 1981, urinary levels of these workers were significantly above comparison levels of office workers at the same facility. Examination of the dusts themselves, composed of cobalt and tungsten-carbide (12070121), showed no essential differences in their chemical or physical characteristics in each work area. The authors conclude that urinary excretion of cobalt is a sensitive enough measurement to serve as a monitoring indicator in factories with good control of hard metal exposure. KEYWORDS: DCN-156638 Metal industry workers Metal dusts Dust analysis Dust exposure Machine shop workers Machinists Hard metal workers Airborne dusts Urinalysis Biochemical indicators Air sampling Cobalt compounds Exposure levels CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: INHEAO

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00168760 474 TITLE: OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASE AUTHORS: HILLER FC SOURCE: MATTHAY, R. A., M. A. MATTHAY AND H. P. WIEDEMANN. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 1986-1987. XIV+271P. HANLEY AND BELFUS, INC.: PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-932883-07-9.; 0 (0). 1986 (RECD. 1987). 105-114. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN ALLERGY ORGANIC DUST DIESEL EXHAUST AIR POLLUTION ASBESTOSIS SMOKING TUNGSTEN CARBIDE WELDER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BEHAVIOR HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Behavioral Biology-Human Behavior Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-Pathology Psychiatry-Addiction-Alcohol Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Plant Physiology Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

11130-73-7 11130-73-7 1332-21-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARPME ENTRY MONTH: 198709 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/26576 475 TITLE: RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE IN A HARD METAL COATING WORKER UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS AUTHORS: ROCHAT T KAELIN RM BATAWI A JUNOD AF SOURCE: EUR J RESPIR DIS; 71 (1). 1987. 46-51. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION LEUKOPENIA TUNGSTEN TITANIUM COBALT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS THERAPEUTICS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Blood Blood Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EJRDD ENTRY MONTH: 198711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/33177 476 TITLE: Pulmonary Reactions to Miscellaneous Mineral Dusts, Man-Made Mineral Fibers, and Miscellaneous Pneumoconioses AUTHORS: Brooks SM SOURCE: Occupational Respiratory Diseases. J. A. Merchant, Editor; Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services,, 19861986 DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 86-102, pages 401-458, 344 references ABSTRACT: A review of occupationally related mineral pneumoconioses is provided for aluminum (569584), antimony (7440360), barium (7440393), cobalt (7440484), iron (7439896), silver (7440224), iron dust mixtures, bakolite, manganese (7439965), titanium (7440326), vanadium (7440622), tin (7440315), tungsten-carbide (12070121), fibrous glass and man made fibers, zirconium

(7440677), and rare earths. Pneumoconiosis is defined as the presence of inhaled dust in the lungs and the reaction of nonneoplastic tissue to that dust. The miscellaneous pneumoconioses as a group were estimated by the author to affect a working population of ten million. Problems identifying affected individuals are related to the small number of workers involved in any one operation and chest radiographic alterations not associated with medical disability or symptomology. The author noted that the number of workers exposed to causative agents will continue to increase due to increasing demand for the agents themselves. Each group of causative agents is described with respect to primary sources, manufacturing processes, occupations and industries involved, epidemiology, estimates of population exposed, pathology and clinical description of the pneumoconioses, diagnostic criteria, methods of prevention, and research needs. Separate bibliographies for each category are included. KEYWORDS: DCN-157971 NIOSH Publication Occupational health Air contamination Environmental contamination Dust inhalation Airborne dusts Pulmonary system disorders Worker health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 569-58-4 569-58-4 7440-36-0 7440-39-3 7440-48-4 7439-89-6 7440-22-4 7439-96-5 7440-32-6 7440-62-2 7440-31-5 12070-12-1 7440-67-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00170160 477 TITLE: Respiratory Phase Shift Of Pattern In The Medullary Reticular Formation After Soman In The Cat AUTHORS: Bay E Adams NL von Bredow JKD

Nelson JD SOURCE: Brain Research, Vol. 60, No. 2, pages 526-532, 17 references, 19731973 ABSTRACT: Respiratory phase shifts of the medullary reticular formation pattern after the administration of soman (96640) were studied in cats. Cats used in the experiments were routinely decerebrated at the mid collicular level, and the ventilation related sensory inputs to the medullary reticular formation were minimized by bilateral vagotomy, neuromuscular paralysis and a thoracotomy. The common carotid arteries were tied and the animals were pretreated with intramuscular (im) injections of 0.1 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) N-methyl-atropine. The phrenic nerve was exposed in the chest, ligated, and cut. Arterial blood pressure was recorded from a femoral artery and 0.06mg/kg soman was injected into a femoral vein. A tungsten microelectrode was placed stereotactically 3 to 4.5 millimeters lateral to the obex, and a reference electrode was placed in a temporal muscle. Both electrodes were connected through a cathode follower to an amplifier system. Electrical activity was recorded from the central end of the phrenic nerve; the electrical impulses of the respiratory unit and the blood pressure recordings were amplified and stored. Administration of soman resulted, after a short period of time, in an increase in the number of spikes/burst followed by a transition period in which the recorded unit fired during the end of expiration concomitant with the development of a slight hypotension, bradycardia, and inspiratory dyspnea. At a slightly later time the recorded unit was firing during expiration. The authors conclude that there are respiratory neurons in the medullary dorsolateral reticular formation that are capable of firing either during inspiration or expiration upon the demand or influence of supramedullary respiratory centers. KEYWORDS: DCN-149773 Air sampling Metabolism Nerve tissue Nervous system Laboratory animals Respiration Microorganisms Microbiology Blood sampling Analytical models CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 96-64-0 CODEN: BRREAP ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00161303 478

TITLE: Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema AUTHORS: Kilburn KH SOURCE: Occupational Respiratory Diseases. J. A. Merchant, Editor; Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services,, 19861986 DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 86-102, pages 503-529, 122 references ABSTRACT: Occupationally related chronic bronchitis and emphysema are reviewed with respect to agents of causation, occupations and industries involved, worker populations at risk, epidemiology, clinical description and diagnostic criteria, pathology, methods of prevention, and research needs. Causative agents from occupational exposure include specific chemicals which produce changes in airways (ammonia (7664417), arsenic (7440382), chlorine (7782505), osmium-tetroxide (20816120), phosgene (75445), tungsten-carbide (12070121), vanadium (7440622), sulfur-dioxide (7446095), toluene-diisocyanate (26471625), and chlorinated hydrocarbons) and complex dusts that occur in industry (cotton and flax dust, coke oven emissions, cement dust, foundry dust, ceramic dust, quarry dust, tomb cutting and rock crushing operations, metal smelting, silica (7631869), asbestos (1332214) and potash (584087) exposures). Early detection of chronic bronchitis depends on symptoms of functional impairment and pulmonary function tests sensitive for early detection of hypersecretion and airways obstruction. There are no early physical or radiological signs. Diagnostic criteria for emphysema are anatomic and structural and have been shown to correlate with dyspnea, functional insufficiency, increased total lung volume, decreased diffusing capacity, increased compliance, and decreased or absent breath sounds. Prevention involves the reduction of inhalation exposure to particles. The author notes that mainline cigarette smoke represents the major exposure to be reduced. The author identifies a need for data on the prevalence of chronic bronchitis and emphysema in workers involved with ammonia fertilizers, petrochemicals, quarry work, rock crushing, and cement and brick manufacture. KEYWORDS: DCN-159199 NIOSH Publication Pulmonary system disorders Respiratory irritants Respiratory hypersensitivity Dust exposure Chronic exposure Cigarette smoking Chronic inflammation Chronic degenerative diseases CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-38-2 7440-38-2 7782-50-5 20816-12-0 75-44-5 12070-12-1

7440-62-2 7446-09-5 26471-62-5 7631-86-9 1332-21-4 584-08-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00170163 479 TITLE: TOWARDS A LIGHTER SYRINGE SHIELD AUTHORS: THOMSON WH MILLS AP HESSLEWOOD SR GHOSH SK COPELAND J HARDING LK SOURCE: EUROPEAN NUCLEAR MEDICINE CONGRESS 1987, BUDAPEST, HUNGARY, AUGUST 24-28, 1987. NUKLEARMEDIZIN; 26 (4). 1987. 211-212. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN FINGER DOSE MONITORING TUNGSTEN ATTENUATION FACTOR MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS CHORDATA EXTREMITIES ANIMAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Chordate Body Regions-Extremities (1970- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: NUMEE ENTRY MONTH: 198712 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/36918 480 TITLE: Heart Disease, Cor Pulmonale AUTHORS: Naeye RL SOURCE: Occupational Respiratory Diseases. J. A. Merchant, Editor; Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services,, 19861986 DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 86-102, pages 719-736, 62 references ABSTRACT: Cor pulmonale is reviewed with regard to its occupational epidemiology, pathology, etiology, clinical diagnostic criteria, methods of prevention, and research needs. The definition of cor pulmonale is heart failure caused by lung disease. Acute cor pulmonale is associated with disorders that induce severe alveolar hypoxia including pulmonary edema associated with toxic exposures to silica dusts (7631869), asbestos (1332214), beryllium (7440417), tungsten-carbide (12070121), antigenic agents causing allergic alveolitis, cadmium (7440439), graphite (7782425), hemp, and coal and uranium mine dusts. Occupational exposures associated with emboli and obliterative lesions have also been identified as contributing to the disease. Acute cor pulmonale is usually attributed to embolism or acute pulmonary edema. Chronic cor pulmonale is associated with pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy. Systemic venous congestion is common. Complications of the disease are difficult to treat when the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance is due to blood vessel destruction as in cases of silicosis. Early diagnosis is difficult. The most definitive method for detection, cardiac catheterization, is unsuitable for mass screening. Other methods such as echo cardiography, x-rays, and physical examination are appropriate only late in the progression of the disease. The suggested method for the prevention of cor pulmonale is avoidance of contact with any toxic fume or gas that produces acute pulmonary edema. KEYWORDS: DCN-159204 NIOSH Publication Pulmonary system disorders Industrial hygiene Cardiopulmonary system disorders

Toxic gases Toxic vapors Mineral dusts Metals Cardiovascular disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 1332-21-4 7440-41-7 12070-12-1 7440-43-9 7782-42-5 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00170177 481 TITLE: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EXCRETION OF HARD METAL DUST INJECTED INTO PULMONARY TISSUE IN THE RAT AUTHORS: TOZAWA T SOURCE: YOKOHAMA MED J; 38 (2). 1987. 213-222. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM COBALT TUNGSTEN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Muridae

LANGUAGE: jpn CODEN: YKIGA ENTRY MONTH: 198802 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/03746 482 TITLE: RFAA-30 AN AUTOMATIC ANALYZER FOR THE IN-SITU DETERMINATION OF THE TRACE CONTENT OF IRON SILVER COPPER ZINC TIN TUNGSTEN MANGANESE URANIUM RARE EARTHS AND OTHER ELEMENTS USING RADIONUCLIDE-EXCITED CHARACTERISTIC X-RAY RADIATION AUTHORS: BRUCHERTSEIFER H ECKERT B EIFE K-H ESCHRICH B KIESSIG G LEONHARDT JW MORGENSTERN P MUELLER D RIEDEL W ET AL SOURCE: ZFI-MITT; 0 (130). 1987. 35-43. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WATER ANALYSIS POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PUBLIC HEALTH SANITATION SEWAGE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques

Biophysics-Bioengineering Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-Public Health Laboratory Methods Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: ger CODEN: ZIMID ENTRY MONTH: 198802 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/04908 483 TITLE: THE PREVALENCE AND SOME RISK FACTORS OF GOUT IN THE GEORGIAN SSR USSR AUTHORS: TSITLANADZE VG KARTVELISHVILI E YU SHAKULASHVILI NA SHALAMBERIDZE LP SOURCE: TER ARKH; 59 (4). 1987. 18-20. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN MANGANESE TUNGSTEN MOLYBDENUM BISMUTH FOOD CONSUMPTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GENETICS, MEDICAL HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES MINERALS CARBOHYDRATES/METABOLISM NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM

PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM METABOLIC DISEASES NUTRITION DISORDERS OBESITY DIET IATROGENIC DISEASE ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Carbohydrates Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Metabolism-Metabolic Disorders Nutrition-Malnutrition Nutrition-Pathogenic Diets Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: TEARA ENTRY MONTH: 198802 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/05082

484 TITLE: Hair as a Bio-Indicator: Limitations and Complications in the Interpretation of Results AUTHORS: Evans GJ Jervis RE SOURCE: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 110, No. 2 pages 613-625, 25 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: Consideration was given to a number of factors which are associated with interpreting data obtained from the elemental analysis of head hair and toenails. Hair samples from steel plant workers were analyzed for aluminum (7429905), gold (7440575), bromine (7726956), calcium (7440702), chlorine (7782505), cobalt (7440484), chromium (7440473), copper (7440508), iodine (7553562), potassium (7440097), lanthanum (7439910), magnesium (7439954), manganese (7439965), sodium (7440235), sulfur (7704349), titanium (7440326), vanadium (7440622), tungsten (7440337), and zinc (7440666). Changes in concentrations of various elements over time were investigated in two ways: by taking hair samples at different times from the same location of the head, and by taking hair samples at the same time from different locations along the length of the hair strands. When determining the statistical distribution of the results of hair analysis from a population of subjects it was important that geometric means, and not arithmetic means, were the mean values used to describe the average elemental content of the samples. When comparing two groups all hypothesis testing used to assess the significance of differences should be done based on geometric means. Results of past studies gave a good indication that the age of the subjects in the study groups will affect the outcome of the analyses of hair and toenails. Frequently hair samples contained exogenous material. A single washing in ether did not remove all this exogenous material nor did repeated washings have any beneficial effect. An acetone based procedure was not found to be helpful. KEYWORDS: DCN-159715 Chemical analysis Analytical chemistry Trace analysis Metal workers Biological monitoring Biological distribution Steelworkers Analytical methods CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-57-5 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7782-50-5 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-50-8 7553-56-2

7440-09-7 7439-91-0 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7440-23-5 7704-34-9 7440-32-6 7440-62-2 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 CODEN: JRNCDM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00172724 485 TITLE: Automated Direct Determination of Chromium in Blood and Urine by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AUTHORS: McAughey JJ Smith NJ SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 193, pages 137-146, 15 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: An automated atomic absorption spectrometric method for determining chromium (7440473) in urine and blood samples was described. Whole blood samples were diluted 3 fold with 0.1 percent (volume/volume) Triton-X-100 solution and injected into a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. Urine samples were injected directly into the spectrometer. Any sample that exceeded the calibration range was reanalyzed after being diluted with deionized, double distilled water. Absorbance was measured using a tungsten-iodide background correction by peak integration during the atomization process. Calibration curves using blood chromium standards were linear over the range 0 to 770 nanomoles per liter (nmol/l). Those for urine chromium standards were linear up to 385nmol/l. A calibration curve up to 770nmol/l chromium in urine could be obtained using a curve fitting algorithm in the microcomputer system. When 20 microliter samples were analyzed, the detection limits for blood and urinary chromium were 11.5 and 3.8nmol/l, respectively. The authors note that the method involves minimal sample handling, thereby reducing the risk of contamination. The method is suitable for rapid screening of individuals occupationally exposed to chromium(VI). KEYWORDS: DCN-159838 Metals Analytical methods Trace analysis Body fluids

Atomic absorption spectrometry Mathematical models Blood samples Laboratory testing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00172850 486 TITLE: GENERAL ASPECTS OF AND SPECIFIC DATA ON ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF METALS AUTHORS: BEIJER K JERNELOV A SOURCE: FRIBERG, L., G. F. NORDBERG AND V. B. VOUK (ED.). HANDBOOK ON THE TOXICOLOGY OF METALS, SECOND EDITION, VOL. I. GENERAL ASPECTS. XXVII+458P. ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V.: AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS (DIST. IN THE USA AND CANADA BY ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING CO. INC.: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA). ILLUS. ISBN 0-444-90413-1.; 0 (0). 1986. 253-268. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM GRAZING ANIMAL FISH AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT SOIL VEGETATION FOOD CHAIN ECOSYSTEM STABILITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL NUTRITION FEEDING BEHAVIOR IMMUNITY, CELLULAR AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMAL DISEASES/PATHOLOGY ANIMAL DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BIOPHYSICS

PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY SOIL PLANTS ANIMALS FISHES KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Animal Production-Feeds and Feeding Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Veterinary Science-Pathology Plant Physiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Plantae-Unspecified Animalia-Unspecified Pisces-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10098-97-2 10098-97-2 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-21-3 7440-15-5 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HTMEE ENTRY MONTH: 198803

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/07943 487 TITLE: RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONAL DISTURBANCES IN HARD METAL WORKERS AUTHORS: PHAM QT MEYER-BISCH C TECULESCU D MUR JM SOURCE: SYMPOSIUM ON THE MECHANISMS AND MANAGEMENT OF RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS HELD AT THE 22ND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETAS EUROPAEA PHYSIOLOGIAE CLINICAE RESPIRATORIAE (EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY), ANTWERP, BELGIUM, JUNE 22-26, 1987. CLIN RESPIR PHYSIOL; 23 (SUPPL. 12). 1987. 349S. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CRPHD ENTRY MONTH: 198803 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/08191 488 TITLE: TERMITE KILLING BY MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS AUTHORS: BRILL WJ ELA SW BREZNAK JA SOURCE: NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN; 74 (10). 1987. 494-495. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RETICULITERMES-FLAVICEPS RETICULITERMES-SPERATUS COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS PESTS INSECTICIDE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ARACHNIDA ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS ARACHNIDA ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS INSECTICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ANIMAL DISEASE INSECTS/PARASITOLOGY INSECTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pest Control Economic Entomology-General Economic Entomology-Chemical and Physical Control Invertebrata Isoptera CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 27546-07-2 27546-07-2 12737-86-9 12680-49-8 11120-01-7 11116-47-5 7782-91-4 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 1313-27-5 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: NATWA ENTRY MONTH: 198804 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/10896 489 TITLE: UNDERSTANDING THE POLLUTION SENSITIVITY OF LICHENS AUTHORS: RICHARDSON D HS SOURCE: BOT J LINN SOC; 96 (1). 1988. 31-44. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SULFUR DIOXIDE ACID RAIN METAL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER LICHENS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7726-95-6 7726-95-6 7446-09-5 7440-66-6 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-20-2 7439-97-6 7439-89-6 7429-90-5

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJLSA ENTRY MONTH: 198805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/13303 490 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-85-415-1806, Eccles Saw and Tool Company, Cincinnati, Ohio AUTHORS: Tharr D Singal M SOURCE: Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-85-415-1806, 18 pages, 52 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: In response to an employee request, an evaluation was made of metal dust exposures from the process of sharpening saw blades and tools at the the Eccles Saw and Tool Company (SIC-3541), Cincinnati, Ohio. In two personal air samples, the following concentrations were determined: cobalt (7440484), 26 and 63 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3); tungsten (7440337), 365 and 925microg/m3; nickel (7440020), 3.9 and 9.3microg/m3; cadmium (7440439), less than 2microg/m3; and silver (7440224), less than 2microg/m3. Air containing cobalt at 30microg/m3 and nickel at 7microg/m3 was being discharged back into the workspace from the recirculated local exhaust ventilation air. A medical evaluation was performed on three workers; all three reported coughing four to six times a day, four or more days per week, with occasional episodes of wheezing. Two of these employees were grinders, having been working at this company for 15 and 85 months, while the other was a truck driver, who spent about 3 hours per day in the shop, but did no grinding. Appreciably higher cobalt levels were noted in the urine of a worker exposed to cobalt at 63microg/m3 than in office workers. The authors conclude that at least one worker was exposed to an excessive cobalt concentration. The authors recommend general improvements in the housekeeping practices in the grinding shop, modification of the present local exhaust ventilation system, preplacement and periodic medical examinations of employees, and limiting exposure to cobalt. KEYWORDS: DCN-162129 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author HETA 85 415 1806 NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report

Hazard Confirmed Region 5 Metal fumes Metal dusts Dust inhalation Pulmonary system disorders Metalworking industry Machinists CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7440-43-9 7440-22-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00174303 491 TITLE: Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation from Welding Arcs AUTHORS: Okuno T SOURCE: Industrial Health, Vol. 25, No. 3, pages 147-156, 6 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: A study was carried out in which the ultraviolet radiation emitted from welding arcs was measured. The radiation levels were indicated as "ultraviolet effective irradiance" (UEI), which is the integrated spectral irradiance weighted against ultraviolet relative spectral effectiveness (URSE, action spectrum). UEI was an indicator of harmfulness of ultraviolet radiation as a function of wavelength. Different URSE could be defined differently, based on the type of radiation damage to be studied, for example, keratitis and hepatoma. It was emphasized that UEIs based on different URSE would provide different quantities that could not be compared. UEIs were measured for 14 different welding operations including, shielded arc welding of the ilmenite and low hydrogen type with wire of different thickness, carbon-dioxide gas shielded arc welding, metal active gas shielded arc welding, metal inert gas shielded arc welding, tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding, and self shielded arc welding. The UEI was measured 1 meter from the arc. The measured values were correlated with the permissible exposure times recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists for exposure of eyes and skin. The UEI values were so high that the maximal exposure times obtained ranged from only 5 to 300 seconds per day. Using the same method and material, radiation hazards increased with wire diameter, arc current, and arc voltage. The authors conclude that if a welder does not wear protective eye shields while striking the arc, he could easily receive much more than the recommended radiation during 1 day.

KEYWORDS: DCN-162481 Welders Arc welders Radiation exposure Gas welders Welding equipment Ultraviolet radiation Skin exposure Radiation hazards Eye shields Eye damage Occupational exposure CODEN: INHEAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00174705 492 TITLE: GIANT CELL INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA IN A HARD-METAL WORKER CYTOLOGIC HISTOLOGIC AND ANALYTICAL ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION AUTHORS: TABATOWSKI K ROGGLI VL FULKERSON WJ LANGLEY RL BENNING T JOHNSTON WW SOURCE: ACTA CYTOL; 32 (2). 1988. 240-246. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN FIBROSIS REMOVAL DIAGNOSIS DUST EXPOSURE BIOPSY WASHING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOLOGY MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON/METHODS BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN MINERALS CYTOLOGY MICROSCOPY MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY

INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES VIRUSES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Microscopy Techniques-Histology and Histochemistry Microscopy Techniques-Electron Microscopy Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-Minerals Anatomy and Histology Pathology Pathology Blood Blood Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Medical and Clinical Microbiology-Virology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 56780-56-4 56780-56-4 12070-06-3 12012-35-0 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ACYTA ENTRY MONTH: 198806

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/17134 493 TITLE: THE EFFECT OF TREATED AND UNTREATED SYNCRUDE WATERS ON BLUEBUNCH WHEATGRASS AGROPYRON-SPICATUM AUTHORS: CARSON JM SKINNER QD MCQUISTEN R SOURCE: RECLAM REVEG RES; 6 (4). 1988. 257-270. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM OIL SHALE WASTE WATER WASTE DISPOSAL GROWTH PHYTOTOXICITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER GRASSES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Gramineae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16984-48-8 16984-48-8 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 14797-55-8 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7664-41-7 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2

7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 3812-32-6 71-52-3 57-12-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: RRRED ENTRY MONTH: 198808 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/22632 494 TITLE: MUTAGENS TOXICANTS AND OTHER CONSTITUENTS IN SMALL CITY SLUDGES IN NEW YORK STATE USA AUTHORS: MUMMA RO RASHID KA RAUPACH DC SHANE BS SCARLET-KRANZ JM BACHE CA GUTENMANN WH LISK DJ SOURCE: ARCH ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL; 17 (5). 1988. 657-664. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTEWATER POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS RADIOACTIVITY EPA MONITORING FERTILIZER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY GENETICS CYTOGENETICS RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FERTILIZERS SOIL KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions Genetics and Cytogenetics-General Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1

7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 420-04-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AECTC ENTRY MONTH: 198809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/25870 495 TITLE: Factors Responsible for Increased Excitability of Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells during Exposure to Lindane AUTHORS: Joy RM Albertson TE SOURCE: Neurotoxicology, Vol. 8, No. 4, pages 517-527, 25 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: The effect of exposure to lindane (58899) on neuronal excitability was studied. Sprague-Dawley-rats were anesthetized with urethane and placed in a stereotaxic device. Holes were drilled into their skulls and stimulating nichrome wire electrodes were placed into the right medial entorhinal cortex. A recording tungsten microelectrode was placed into the dentate gyrus. Stimuli of constant current, square wave, pulses with durations of 0.05 or 0.1 milliseconds were delivered. Intensities varied from threshold of 200 microamperes to six times this limit. The responses were amplified and analyzed in groups of six. The excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and population spike (PS) were determined from plots of voltage versus time. Standardized procedures were used in all experiments. The administration of dimethylsulfoxide had small but consistent effects on perforant path granule cell function (PPGCF). The sequential administration of lindane in doses of 5 to 40mg/kg resulted in

very reproducible dose dependent changes in PPGCF. Lindane significantly affected EPSP amplitude and PS threshold, amplitude, latency onset and latency peak, but elicited no response in EPSP threshold. PS amplitudes were increased more at low than at high stimulus intensities. The EPSP effects accounted at most for only 10 to 20 percent of the changes observed in the PS. Picrotoxin (124878), pentylenetetrazole (54955) and bicuculline (485494) provoked the same responses as lindane, large increases in PS amplitude and large decreases in PS thresholds. Strychnine (57249) was comparatively ineffective. The authors conclude that the increase in granule cell excitability produced by lindane may be due to an antagonism of a tonic gamma-aminobutyric-acid mediated inhibitory process. KEYWORDS: DCN-163496 Insecticides Neurotoxic effects Nerve function Polychlorinated hydrocarbons Monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Electrical stimulation Laboratory animals In vivo studies Neurophysiology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 58-89-9 58-89-9 124-87-8 54-95-5 485-49-4 57-24-9 CODEN: NRTXDN ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00175786 496 TITLE: TRACE METALS IN LIGNITES AND ASHES OF GREEK POWER PLANTS AUTHORS: DIMOTAKIS PN PAPAEFTHYMIOU H SPRINGER A GOETZ L SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 127 (2). 1988. 133-142. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM GREECE INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-98-7 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/25912 497 TITLE: INORGANICS AUTHORS: EATON A SOURCE: J WATER POLLUT CONTROL FED; 60 (6). 1988. 752-773. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW WATER POLLUTION MONITORING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18496-25-8 18496-25-8 16984-48-8 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 14383-50-7 14265-45-3 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7664-41-7 7631-86-9 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-50-8 7440-48-4

7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-15-5 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 124-38-9 57-12-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JWPFA ENTRY MONTH: 198809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/26258 498 TITLE: ABNORMAL LEUKOCYTE RESPONSE IN SKIN WINDOWS OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONITIS AUTHORS: COATES E O JR REBUCK JW KVALE PA SOURCE: AM REV RESPIR DIS; 103 (6). 1971 895 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT COBALT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE WORKERS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4

11130-73-7 CODEN: ARRDA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/12064 499 TITLE: Efficacy of Plastic Lens Treatments in Controlling Ultraviolet Transmission AUTHORS: Grinich NP Acott TS Jacob H Samples JR SOURCE: Journal of Toxicology Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, Vol. 6, No. 3, pages 201-206, 9 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: To determine sunglasses and lens treatments which are best suited for the human eye, the ultraviolet filtration capability of several commercial lens treatments and sunglasses was tested with three different scanning dual beam spectrophotometers, using both hydrogen and tungsten lamps. Ski sunglasses blocked the transmission of light below 465 manometers almost completely, while dark gray polarized sunglasses allowed 10 to 20 percent transmission at this wavelength but good absorption below 390 nanometers. Yellow Riviera glasses had good absorption at 380 to 440 nanometers, glass blanks had advanced transmission down to 300 nanometers, plastic blanks blocked well at wavelengths below 365 nanometers and photochromic lenses allowed transmission at 340 nanometers. The protection provided by all lenses was compatible with the claims of the respective manufacturers. Some of the treatments for ultraviolet protection were more effective than others in reducing transmission above 400 nanometers, but below this wavelength absorption increased sharply for all of them. KEYWORDS: DCN-165415 Toxicology Ultraviolet light Light absorption Eye protection Eye glasses Laboratory testing Plastic products Protective equipment CODEN: JTOTDO ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00177601 500 TITLE: SCANDIUM TITANIUM TUNGSTEN AND ZIRCONIUM CONTENT IN COMMERCIAL INORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO SOIL AUTHORS: SENESI N PADOVANO G BRUNETTI G SOURCE: ENVIRON TECHNOL LETT; 9 (9). 1988. 1011-1020. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SOIL CHEMISTRY SOIL POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-67-7 7440-67-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-20-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ETLED ENTRY MONTH: 198812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/34313

501 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-84-288-1847, Wheel Trueing Tool Company, Columbia, South Carolina AUTHORS: Salisbury SA Seligman PJ SOURCE: Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-84-288-1847, 36 pages, 11 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: In response to an employee request, an investigation was made of possible exposures to chemicals and metal powders at the Wheel Trueing Tool Company (SIC-353x) in Columbia, South Carolina. Exposures occurred during the manufacturing of diamond studded and diamond impregnated cutting tools. Employees registered complaints of gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory problems along with skin rashes and a metallic taste in their mouths. Four of the 37 air samples collected showed cobalt (7440484) levels exceeding the 0.1mg/m3 limit established by OSHA. Most of the handling of loose cobalt containing powders occurred in the production areas. Six samples revealed the presence of nickel (7440020), three of which exceeded the 0.015mg/m3 NIOSH recommended limit. Excessive graphite (7782425) levels were detected in the carbon room with two of three personal exposure samples registering above 10mg/m3. A questionnaire, preshift and postshift pulmonary function tests, and chest x-rays were administered to workers. No evidence of hard metal disease or mixed dust pneumoconiosis was found. The authors conclude that there is a hazard from exposure to cobalt, nickel, and graphite dust. The authors recommend measures to reduce and monitor worker exposures to cobalt and to establish a medical monitoring program for all cobalt exposed workers. KEYWORDS: DCN-165939 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report HETA 84 288 1847 Region 4 Metallic dusts Hazards Confirmed Dust inhalation Cobalt alloys Nickel compounds Tungsten compounds Metal carbides CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7782-42-5 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00178072 502 TITLE: Uptake and Urinary Excretion of Aluminum among Welders AUTHORS: Sjogren B Elinder C-G Lidums V Chang G SOURCE: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Vol. 60, No. 2, pages 77-79, 12 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: A study of the uptake and urinary excretion of aluminum (7429905) among welders was conducted. The cohort consisted of 25 welders, 24 males, mean age 32 years, who had 0.3 to 21 years exposure. Metal, inert gas and tungsten inert gas welding were the most frequent methods used. Urine samples were collected at various times including after work shifts and after 16 to 37 days of nonexposure, and assayed for aluminum and creatinine. Aluminum concentrations in the ambient air were measured. Air aluminum concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 5.3mg/m3 (mean 1.5mg/m3). Aluminum concentrations in urine collected after a shift ranged from 6 to 546 micrograms per liter (microg/l) (median 82microg/l). The corresponding creatinine concentrations ranged from 6 to 322 microgram per gram (microg/g) (median 54microg/g). After an exposure free period, urinary aluminum concentrations ranged from 3 to 434microg/l (median 29microg/l). Urinary creatinine concentrations under these conditions ranged from 4 to 285mg/g (median 29microg/g). Postshift aluminum concentrations were associated primarily with current air concentrations. Urinary aluminum concentrations obtained after the periods of nonexposure were related to cumulative exposure duration. The biological halflife estimated for welders with less than 1 year of exposure was approximately 9 days. Biological halflives for workers exposed for less than 5 years and for more than 10 years were 12 and 433 days, respectively. The authors conclude that inhaled aluminum is retained in the human body in at least two functional compartments, one with a relative rapid rate of elimination and the other with a slow rate of elimination. KEYWORDS: DCN-166151 Gas welders Occupational exposure Metallic fumes Urinalysis Pharmacodynamics Biological monitoring Air sampling Chemical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5

CODEN: IAEHDW ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00178287 503 TITLE: LINEAR ACCELERATOR SHIELDING DESIGN MODIFICATION AUTHORS: LANE RG LOYD MD CHOW CH LAXTON JL ROSEN II SOURCE: THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, USA, JULY 4-8, 1988. HEALTH PHYS; 54 (SUPPL. 1). 1988. S49. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT LEAD TUNGSTEN RADIOTHERAPY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS RADIATION DOSAGE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 198812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/36708 504 TITLE: ADAPTIVE RESPONSE IN METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY WORKERS AUTHORS: KAPRALOVA LI SOURCE: GIG TR PROF ZABOL; 0 (5). 1988. 47-49. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN CATECHOLAMINE EXCRETION NOREPINEPHRINE MUSCLE STRESS HIGH TEMPERATURE TUNGSTEN DUST COBALT FLUORINE COMPOUNDS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS HEAT HEATING NEUROSECRETORY SYSTEMS MUSCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY MUSCULAR DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals External Effects-Temperature as a Primary Variable-Hot (1971- ) Endocrine System-Neuroendocrinology (1972- ) Muscle-Pathology Nervous System-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-41-4 7782-41-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GTPZA ENTRY MONTH: 198901

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/02464 505 TITLE: Chromatic Aftereffects Associated with a Night Vision Goggle Simulation AUTHORS: Moffitt K Rogers SP Cicinelli J SOURCE: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 59, No. 2, pages 125-128, 4 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: The effect of viewing a yellow/green field, which simulated the yellow/green P20 phosphor used in the Aviator's Night Vision Imaging System (ANVIS), on the subsequent perception of colors was investigated. Six males and two females of median age 22.5 years, with 20/20 monocular far acuity and normal color vision, were tested. The circular adapting field was generated by a tungsten lamp and filters that gave either the yellow/green or a white field, used as an achromatic control condition, over an 8 degree visual arc. After viewing the adapting field for 4 seconds, subjects were presented with targets consisting of colored squares of 20 minutes visual arc on a cathode ray tube (CRT). The task consisted of accurately naming the target color that was presented after the adapting field, with the brightness of the adapting field systematically varied. The overall error rate was 7.3 percent for the yellow/green adapting field and 2.4 percent for the white adapting field. For the yellow/green adapting field, the largest number of errors occurred with the white target, which was called green in 21 percent of the trials. Most of the errors were made by only two of the eight subjects. The response time for naming the color was significantly affected by the color, increasing in the order pink, blue, yellow, green and white. For yellow, green and white mean response times were two to three times longer for the yellow/green adapting field compared to the white field. The authors conclude that sequentially viewing a yellow/green ANVIS display and a low luminance color CRT display will degrade the identification of green and white CRT colors. The authors recommend that to counter these chromatic aftereffects, multicolor displays be redundantly coded whenever possible. KEYWORDS: DCN-166940 Humans Color perception Visual fields Eyesight Color vision Visual perception Adaptation Eye function tests CODEN: ASEMCG

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00179088 506 TITLE: A Nontoxic Substitute for Hazardous Heavy Liquids Aqueous Sodium Polytungstate (3Na2WO4.9WO3.H20) Solution (Note) AUTHORS: Gregory MR Johnston KA SOURCE: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 30, No. 3, pages 317-320, 22 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: The use of aqueous solutions of sodium-polytungstate (3Na2WO4.9WO3.H20) (SPT) of varying densities as a nontoxic substitute for the hazardous halogenated hydrocarbons, tetrabromoethane (79276) (TBE) and bromoform (75252) which are used in geological laboratories for the separation of light and heavy minerals was described. An SPT solution with a density between 2.96 and 3.06 was produced by dissolving 1 kilogram of the salt in 250 milliliters of distilled water. The density was lowered by adding distilled water or was raised, to a maximum of 3.1, by evaporation at room temperature or by very gentle heating. Separation of heavy and light minerals in a set of representative sand samples was performed with both SPT and TBE. Both fractions were washed in distilled water and allowed to dry overnight on the filter paper at room temperature. There were no significant differences in recovery rates for either the light or heavy fractions between TBE and SPT. SPT was much more viscous than TBE, so that filtering rates with SPT were quite slow. The samples wetted more easily with SPT and hence did not aggregate or raft to the extent that is common with TBE. The authors conclude that SPT is safe to use, creates no storage or handling problems, does not discolor in sunlight, does not require absolutely dry samples, and has low toxicity, and that these advantages outweigh the lower cost and lower viscosity advantages of the haloalkanes. KEYWORDS: DCN-167139 Brominated hydrocarbons Tungsten compounds Alkanes Halogenated hydrocarbons Bromoalkanes Minerals Filtration Toxic materials Laboratory techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 79-27-6 79-27-6

75-25-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00179313 507 TITLE: DETECTION OF HYPEROXIA-INDUCED XANTHINE OXIDASE-MEDIATED ENDOTHELIAL CELL INJURY BY FACTOR VIII RELEASE AUTHORS: MILES RH GROSSO MA BROWN JM HELM ML BANERJEE A REPINE JE HARKEN AH SOURCE: 44TH ANNUAL SESSIONS OF THE FORUM ON FUNDAMENTAL SURGICAL PROBLEMS, 1988 CLINICAL CONGRESS, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, USA, OCTOBER 23-28, 1988. SURG FORUM; 39 (0). 1988. 82-84. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RAT TOXIC OXYGEN PULMONARY INJURY TUNGSTEN FEEDING FACTOR VIII-RELATED ANTIGEN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY GASES AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE

KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Metabolism-Proteins Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 9001-27-8 9001-27-8 7782-44-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SUFOA ENTRY MONTH: 198903 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/08209 508 TITLE: Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation Emitted from Welding Arcs AUTHORS: Mariutti G Matzeu M SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 54, No. 5, pages 529-532, 15 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: A procedure for evaluating ultraviolet radiation exposure during welding based on spectral irradiance measurements of welding arcs was described. An ac/dc tungsten argon shielded metal arc welding power source and stainless steel were used in tests. Normalized irradiance measurements were determined from the ratio between the outputs of a spectroradiometer and an actinic radiometer for spectral emissions between 250 and 400 nanometers. Equations for the effective irradiance and the maximum allowed exposure time for unprotected eyes and skin in an 8 hour period were presented. The measured irradiance of the welding arc was greatly influenced by environmental variations including the presence of fumes, ozone, the position of the electrode holder, base metal composition, and electromagnetic interference from batteries. Maximum exposure time without personal protective equipment was on the order of seconds.

Limitations of the methodology were discussed. The authors conclude that this methodology is useful for evaluating exposure during arc welding processes. KEYWORDS: DCN-167719 Ultraviolet radiation Welding equipment Radiation hazards Radiation monitoring Occupational exposure Nonionizing radiation Welding industry CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00180159 509 TITLE: MULTIELEMENT FINGERPRINTING FOR CHARACTERIZATION EARTHWORM SAMPLES FROM THE ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK OF WEST GERMANY AUTHORS: ROSSBACH M STOEPPLER M SOURCE: THIRD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS, BAYREUTH, WEST GERMANY, MAY 4-7, 1988. FRESENIUS Z ANAL CHEM; 332 (6). 1988. 636-639. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM POLLUTION ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS BIOINDICATOR NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE ANIMAL ANNELIDA/PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY OLIGOCHAETA

KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Invertebrata Oligochaeta CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 420-04-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ZACFA ENTRY MONTH: 198904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/11545 510 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS AND HEAVY METALS IN A LAKE SEDIMENT BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS

AUTHORS: TRAN VAN L TEHERANI DK SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 135 (6). 1989. 435-442. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM NUCLEAR REACTOR MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE METHODS PLANTS SOIL KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Soil Science-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198906 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/15820 511 TITLE: Isolation and identification of the protein component of hair melanin AUTHORS: Hall K Wolfram LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Gillette Company, Personal Care Div., Boston, Massachusetts 02106 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 26 ISS 5 1975, P247-254, (REF 9) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A technique for solubilizing the melanin in animal and human hair and for isolating the protein moiety present in the the pigment granule is described. The chemical composition of this protein was determined. KEYWORDS: Hair melanin analysis Proteins hair Analysis hair HUMAN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 11/13 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/76/194164 512 TITLE: Metallic Mineral Processing Plants - Background Information for Promulgated Standards. AUTHORS: Anon AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 10, 1984 ABSTRACT: TD3: Standards of performance are promulgated for the control of particulate matter from metallic mineral plants processing metallic ores into metallic concentrates containing one of the following metals: aluminum, copper, gold, iron, lead, molybdenum, silver, titanium, tungsten, uranium, zinc, and zirconium. The standards, promulgated under the authority of Section III of the Clean Air Act, limit stack emissions and fugitive emissions opacity. These standards apply to new, modified, and reconstructed metallic mineral processing plants. This document contains a summary of the comments on the proposal of these standards in the Federal Register, the Environmental Protection Agency's response to these comments, and any changes to the standard since proposal. Final rept. See also PB83-114280. KEYWORDS: Environmental impact statements-final Air pollution control Standards Metal industry Minerals Particles Air pollution abatement ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB84-164060, 57p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB84-164060 513 TITLE:

Radiation Shielding Calculations for the ROSA-IV gamma-Ray Densitometer. AUTHORS: Grimesey RA Tomberlin TA AUTHOR ADDRESS: EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 25, 1984 ABSTRACT: TD3: The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is providing two three-beam gamma-ray densitometers for the ROSA-IV (Rig of Safety Assessment) Facility in Japan. The ROSA-IV Facility is a non-nuclear blowdown facility designed to simulate a pressurized water reactor. The densitometers analyzed in this report will be installed on horizontal sections of the hot leg piping of the facility. Each densitometer includes a 0.5 Ci, Cs-137 source obtained in a tungsten cask. Normally the source will be located in a stored position in the cask which will limit the radiation level to 0.2 mrem/hour at the surface. When the densitometer is to be operated, an air cylinder will be used to move the source to an operating position. The radiation level in the operating position is limited to 10.3 mrem/hour at the surface of the installed instrument. Each densitometer includes a spring to return the source to its stored position if there is a failure in the air supply for the actuating cylinder. The equations KEYWORDS: Densitometers Gamma Sources Shielding. ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE84015173, 16p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE84015173 514 TITLE: Reaction Mechanisms in Combustion: Formation of Soot and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Final Technical Report, 1 April 1980-31 March 1984. AUTHORS: Goddard WA

AUTHOR ADDRESS: California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. Div. of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 25, 1984 ABSTRACT: TD3: Current and future developments in combustion require a detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism of combustion because of the conflicting demands of high-fuel economy combined with reduced noxious emissions (NO/sub x/, hydrocarbons, CO, soot) and because of the necessity of using new fuels and combustion systems. A problem of particular importance is the increased production of soot and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAH) that accompanies increased use of intermittent fuel injection combustion systems, and low hydrogen/carbon fuels derived from coal rather than high hydrogen/carbon petroleum-based fuels. Objective of our program is to establish the microscopic mechanisms involved in the formation of soot in combustion processes and to develop a dynamical model that can be used to obtain a realistic simulation of the chemical processes involved in a growing soot particle. Armed with an understanding of the chemistry and dynamics, one can design optimum strategies for modifying comb KEYWORDS: Combustion Kinetics Hydrocarbons Nickel Nitrogen Oxides Soot Tungsten Air pollution Chemical reaction mechanisms ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE84015377, Portions are illegible in microfiche products., 69p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE84015377 515 TITLE: Use of Tetracycline as Complexing Agent for the Separation of Interfering Elements During Uranium Activation Analysis. AUTHORS: Petrauskas R

AUTHOR ADDRESS: Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, Sao Paulo (Brazil). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 12, 1986 ABSTRACT: TD3: A method was developed for uranium separation, when its determination could not be performed by non-destructive neutron activation analysis due to interfering elements. Th, Zn, Na, Ta, Fe, W, Mo, Ag and the lanthanides were considered interferents because some of these elements, via (n, gamma ) reactions, form the same radioisotopes produced in the fission of sup 235 U, or radioisotopes that emit gamma-rays with energies close to the ones emitted by sup 239 Np or by the fission products of sup 235 U. They could also form radioisotopes whose Compton continuum makes detection of gamma-rays of exp 239 Np and fission products of sup 235 U difficult. The separation method is based on extraction of uranium from interfering elements using a solution of tetracycline in benzyl alcohol. Adequate conditions for the separation were studied and extraction curves of uranium and interferents were obtained separately and in the presence of a solution of uranium ore from the IAEA. Separation of uranium from Na, KEYWORDS: Iron Molybdenum Rare Earths Silver Sodium Tantalum Thorium Tungsten Uranium Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE86780335, U.S. Sales Only., 106p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A06/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198609 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE86780335 516 TITLE: Combing differences between Caucasian and Black hair AUTHORS: Epps JA Wolfram LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Inc., 2 Blachley Rd., Stamford, CT 06922

SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 34 ISS Jul 1983, P213-214, (REF 3) COMMENTS: Letters ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP An evaluation of the effects of wet and dry combing on Black (African) and Caucasian hair was carried out using intact tresses (12 cm extended length). On dry combing (65% relative humidity, 22DG C), Black hair is more difficult to comb, and has a different combing pattern than Caucasian hair. Combing leads to displacement and intensification of individual curl entanglements. Unlike Caucasian hair, the wet combing of Black hair is easier than dry combing, as wetting causes relaxation of the curl and lessens the extent of entanglement. KEYWORDS: Hair combing dry Negroes combing Caucasians combing Race hair hair LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/84/567006 517 TITLE: Effect of heat setting on the mechanical properties of hair AUTHORS: Wolfram LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Inc., 2 Blachley Rd., Stamford, CT 06922 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 35 ISS Jul 1984, P229-230, (REF 2)

COMMENTS: Letters ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A study of the effects of the repeated use of heat rollers (50 setting cycles) on hair was carried out using 12 hair tresses (6.5 inches long, 2 g each). Results showed no evidence of any weakening of hair by repetitive use of hot rollers, suggesting the absence of latent chemical modification of hair keratin by applied heat. There was some minimal hair breakage associated with the setting procedure. KEYWORDS: Hair damage heat setting Tensile strength heat setting effects Temperature effects hair LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/85/617184 518 TITLE: Torsional behavior of human hair AUTHORS: Wolfram LJ Albrecht L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Res. Lab., 2 Blachley Rd., Stamford, CT 06922 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 36 ISS Jan-Feb 1985, P87-99, (REF 12) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A modified torsion pendulum technique developed for the measurement of the torsional rigidity of hair, both in air and in liquids, is described; the technique was used to explore the torsional behavior of hair of various racial origins subjected to dry heat, hair setting, and various cosmetic treatments such as waving, coloring,

bleaching, and straightening, which are carried out in aqueous media. Results of torsional measurements on fibers of different diameters suggest that the hair cuticle, while tough and resilient in the dry state, undergoes water plasticization to a much greater extent than the hair cortex. The change in the torsional moduli of fibers exposed to chemical modification can be related to the configurational stability in water and be of some use in predicting the setting behavior of hair. KEYWORDS: Hair setting rigidity Rigidity torsional measurements Hair waving effects Bleaching agents effects Hair dyes Temperature hair Hair preparations straighteners Moisture Methodology LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 18/9 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/85/642226 519 TITLE: Organosilicon fragrances AUTHORS: Gora J Wolfram LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. for Food Chem., Politechnika Lodzka, Lodz, Poland SOURCE: Perfum. Flavor.; VOL 10 ISS Jun-Jul 1985, P21-25, (REF 6)

ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The synthesis and olfactory characteristics of organosilicon fragrances which include silicon analogs of tertiary alcohols, methoxysilanes and silyl derivatives of musk scents, are summarized. KEYWORDS: Organosilicons perfumes synthesis LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0272-2666 CODEN: PEFLD ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 13/11 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/86/684102 520 TITLE: Selective Catalytic Removal of NO from Stationary Sources. AUTHORS: Janssen FJJG Vandenkerkhof FMG Vanloon AJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Keuring van Electrotechnische Materialen N.V., Arnhem (Netherlands). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1986 ABSTRACT: TD3: Research on selective catalytic removal of nitric oxide with ammonia to develop catalysts for use under conditions likely to produce flue gases was surveyed. The activity and selectivity of supported vanadium, tungsten, and iron oxide catalysts were studied in a plug-flow and a mixed-flow reactor on a laboratory scale between 370 and 670 K. The effects of the NO3 ratio, space-velocity and oxygen on the reduction reactions, and effects of catalysts on ammonia and sulfur dioxide oxidation were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by conventional techniques. All the catalysts showed relatively high NO conversion. Data show that the NO/NH3 reaction in the presence of oxygen below 575 K is according to the formula 4 NO + 4 NH3 + O2 yields 4N2 + 6 H2O. Selectivity decreases above 625 K because of NH3 oxidation. The rate of the NO/NH3 reaction on the catalysts under dilute gas conditions is

markedly increased by the addition of 1% oxygen./CONTRAINDICATIONS KEYWORDS: Catalysts Flue gases Nitric oxide Pollution control Foreign technology Stationary sources ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/N86-26719/2, 19p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198612 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/N86-26719/2 521 TITLE: Light Resin Curing Devices - a Hazard Evaluation. AUTHORS: Glansholm A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Statens Straalskyddsinstitut, Stockholm (Sweden). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02, 1987 ABSTRACT: TD3: An evaluation has been made of optical hazards to the eye from 18 specified lamps designed for curing dental composite plastic fillings. Radiation source in all of the investigated units were incandescent lamps of the tungsten metal halide type. Ultraviolet and visible radiation was measured with a calibrated EG and G 585 spectroradiometer system. Tables and diagrams of spectral radiance (Wm sup -2 nm sup -1 sr sup -1 ) are given. Hazard evaluation based on the ACGIH Threshold Limit Values of ultraviolet and visible radiation gave the following results: 1. Ultraviolet radiation is of no concern ( < equals 0.8 Wm sup -2 UVA at 10 cm). 2. Reflexes from teeth are harmless. 3. Retinal thermal injury hazard (permanent burn damage) is diminutive and non-existent if the equipment is handled with sense (irradiation of an unprotected eye at a distance less than 10 cm should be avoided). 4. Retinal photochemical (blue-light) injury may appear after direct viewing of the end of the fiber-optics cable. A t KEYWORDS: Dentistry

Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE86702784, U.S. Sales Only., 30p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198704 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE86702784 522 TITLE: Hair coloring by melanin precursors: novel system for imparting durable yet reversible color effects AUTHORS: Brown K Mayer A Murphy B Schultz T Wolfram L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Res. Lab., Stamford, CT 06922, USA SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 40 ISS Mar-Apr 1989, P65-74, (REF 8) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A hair coloration process which is based on the formation within the hair of deposits of a melanin (I) pigment, very similar in character to that responsible for the color of natural hair, is described. The hair coloring process consists of 2 steps: a shampoo during which a dye initiator, a metal ion, is introduced into the hair structure and, following a rinse, treatment with an aqueous solution of a colorless I precursor. The coloring process is usually complete within 5 to 10 min. The I deposits are formed in the peripheral regions of hair and thus are readily available for color modification or even total removal. KEYWORDS: Melanin precursors hair coloring Hair precursors Color melanin Hair dyes LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER:

0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/90/900228 523 TITLE: Implications of Atmospheric Test Fallout Data for Nuclear Winter. AUTHORS: Baker GH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. School of Engineering. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 21, 1987 ABSTRACT: TD3: Atmospheric test fallout data have been used to determine admissible dust particle size distributions for nuclear winter studies. The research was originally motivated by extreme differences noted in the magnitude and longevity of dust effects predicted by particle size distributions routinely used in fallout predictions versus those used for nuclear winter studies. Three different sets of historical data have been analyzed: 1) Stratospheric burden of Strontium-90 and Tungsten-185, 1954-1967 (97 contributing events); 2) Continental U.S Strontium-90 fallout through 1958 (75 contributing events); and 3) Local Fallout from selected Nevada tests (16 events). The contribution of dust to possible long term climate effects following a nuclear exchange depends strongly on the particle size distribution. The distribution affects both the atmospheric residence time and optical depth. One dimensional models of stratospheric/tropospheric fallout removal were developed and used to identify optimum particle d KEYWORDS: Fallout Nuclear explosions Dust Nuclear winter ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AD-A182 607/2, 190p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A09/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198801

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AD-A182 607/2 524 TITLE: Effect of fluvastatin or bezafibrate on the distribution of high density lipoprotein subpopulations in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia AUTHORS: Hailer S Pogarell O Keller C Wolfram G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. for Nutrition Sci., Tech. Univ. Munich-Weihenstephan, D-85354 Freising, Germany SOURCE: Arzneim. Forsch.; VOL 46 ISS 9 1996, P879-883, (REF 27) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP To compare the effects of bezafibrate and fluvastatin on high density lipoproteins in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, 8 patients, ages 42-76 yr, received diet and diet with placebo for 4 wk followed by diet and either 400 mg of oral bezafibrate or 40 mg of oral fluvastatin daily for 12 wk; blood samples were taken frequently and analyzed for total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides as well as high density lipoprotein patterns and parameters. A significant decrease of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides was observed in both therapies. Individual high density lipoprotein patterns and parameters did not change in the subjects. KEYWORDS: Bezafibrate hypercholesterolemia comparisons Fluvastatin Drug comparisons bezafibrate and fluvastatin fluvastatin and bezafibrate Toxicity Antilipemic agents fluvastatin(Antilipemic agents bezafibrate(Antilipemic agents HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 41859-67-0 41859-67-0 93957-54-1 LANGUAGE: eng ger

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0004-4172 CODEN: ARZNA ENTRY MONTH: 199709 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 6/4 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/97/1130138 525 TITLE: Microbial Degradation of TCE (Trichloroethylene). AUTHORS: Wolfram JH Case JT Rogers RD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Air Force Engineering and Services Center, Tyndall AFB, FL. Engineering and Services Lab. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02, 1988 ABSTRACT: TD3: The objective of this research was to characterize naturally occurring microorganisms capable of degrading trichloroethylene (TCE). Microorganisms tolerant to TCE were isolated from an aeration tower at Wurtsmith AFB MI and from industrial sludges at Hill AFB UT. Isolates from the Wurtsmith samples exhibited the highest density of cells with TCE as the only apparent organic carbon source and were selected as the inoculum for degradation studies. However, the capability of selected microorganisms to degrade TCE was not substantiated in both gas chromatography analyses and samples inoculated in culture bottles. Experiments using radiolabeled carbon-14 to study assimilation suggest that TCE is metabolized into a polar form by the microorganism. Subsequent cultures grown in radiolabeled TCE did not duplicate the previous results possible because of contamination, selection of variants or loss of culture. The organism responsible or the apparent TCE degradation may belong in the genus Citrobacter. F KEYWORDS: Enterobacteriaceae Trichloroethylene Biodeterioration Citrobacter ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AD-A184 884/5, 55p

PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AD-A184 884/5 526 TITLE: POTENTIAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICANTS AND THE ROLE OF ANIMAL TESTING IN THEIR IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION AUTHORS: SCHARDEIN JL KELLER KA SCHWETZ BA SOURCE: CRIT REV TOXICOL; 19 (3). 1989. 251-339. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN RAT RABBIT ALCOHOL TOBACCO DRUGS SIDE EFFECTS PHARMACEUTICALS PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BEHAVIOR HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ABNORMALITIES EMBRYOLOGY ABNORMALITIES ANIMAL ANIMALS, LABORATORY EMBRYOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION LAGOMORPHA HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Behavioral Biology-Human Behavior Biochemical Studies-General Psychiatry-Addiction-Alcohol Toxicology-General Toxicology-Pharmacological Toxicology (1972- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Developmental Biology-Embryology-Descriptive Teratology and Teratogenesis Developmental Biology-Embryology-Experimental Teratology and Teratogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Leporidae Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 53469-21-9 53469-21-9 37317-41-2 26914-33-0 26601-64-9 12737-87-0 12672-29-6 11097-69-1 10099-74-8 10043-66-0 8006-64-2 8006-61-9 8002-05-9 7782-49-2 7778-74-7 7758-95-4 7726-95-6 7440-74-6 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-20-2 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7429-90-5 4759-48-2 2235-25-8 1746-01-6 1330-20-7 1184-57-2 630-08-0 598-63-0 525-66-6 502-39-6

497-98-3 305-03-3 301-04-2 147-94-4 130-95-0 127-48-0 125-33-7 123-72-8 118-74-1 115-09-3 108-88-3 107-27-7 100-42-5 99-66-1 81-81-2 79-01-6 78-93-3 75-69-4 75-21-8 75-15-0 75-09-2 74-87-3 71-43-2 68-12-2 67-66-3 67-64-1 67-56-1 64-17-5 62-73-7 60-56-0 59-05-2 58-08-2 57-41-0 55-98-1 54-62-6 54-25-1 52-67-5 51-75-2 51-21-8 50-35-1 50-18-0 50-00-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CRTXB ENTRY MONTH: 198906 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/17080 527 TITLE: Molecular Structures and Reactivity of Mixed Metal Oxide Monolayer

Catalysts AUTHORS: Wachs, I.E. CORPORATE NAME: 75162 CAT-1 FG02-93ER14350 SOURCE: Bethlehem PA 18015 USDOE Energy Research ABSTRACT: Metal oxide monolayer catalysts, supported metal oxide catalysts possessing the active metal oxide components as a surface phase, find extensive applications in the energy industries of petroleum refining, pollution control from power generation plants, and automotive pollution control. To help bridge the knowledge gap between model and industrial metal oxide monolayer catalysts, a fundamental research program will address the relationships between the molecular structures and surface acidity and the molecular structures and surface redox chemistry of mixed metal oxide monolayer catalysts. For the fundamental surface acidity portion of the research program the alumina-supported tungsten oxide system will be the focus of the investigation, and for the fundamental surface redox chemistry portion of the research program the alumina-supported vanadium oxide system will be the focus. The influence of secondary metal oxides upon the molecular structures and reactivity of these systems will be investigated. The molecular structures will be primarily determined with in situ Raman spectroscopy, but complementary structural spectroscopies (solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES)) will also be applied. The surface chemistry will be probed by surface acidity and surface redox measurements. This fundamental information should allow better understanding of the synergistic interactions that occur in mixed surface metal oxides. KEYWORDS: FEDRIP RPROJ enrgy U.S. DEPT. OF ENERGY OXIDES/catalytic effects OXIDES METALS SORPTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SURFACE PROPERTIES MOLECULAR STRUCTURE CATALYST SUPPORTS ALUMINIUM OXIDES ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS CHALCOGENIDES CONTROL ELEMENTS OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS

POLLUTION CONTROL LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199908 INITIAL PROJECT YEAR: 19930601 FINAL PROJECT YEAR: 19960531 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: FEDRIP/200003/001085 528 TITLE: Transfer of drugs to the embryo and fetus after placentation. AUTHORS: Dencker L Danielsson BR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Toxicology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden. SOURCE: Pharmacokinetics in Teratogenesis 1987;1:55-69 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): *Maternal-Fetal Exchange Pregnancy Animal Human Female Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Metals /PHARMACOKINETIC Anesthetics /PHARMACOKINETIC Solvents /PHARMACOKINETIC Xenobiotics /*PHARMACOKINETIC Species Specificity Tissue Distribution CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 70-30-4 69-72-7 93-76-5 92-52-4 56-53-1 103-90-2 56-49-5 141-90-2 54-11-5 300-62-9 57-41-0 92-84-2 7440-38-2 22967-92-6

7439-92-1 7440-43-9 7439-97-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 97-77-8 16065-83-1 18540-29-9 7440-33-7 151-67-7 127-18-4 79-01-6 67-66-3 76-05-1 76-03-9 301-04-2 137-26-8 15502-74-6 1330-20-7 108-88-3 71-43-2 100-42-5 75-15-0 1746-01-6 1336-36-3 55-18-5 72-57-1 60-54-8 302-79-4 NO CAS RN NO CAS RN NO CAS RN 17428-41-0 22541-54-4 NO CAS RN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-8493-6873-1 PUBLICATION TYPES: Chapter Review, Academic ENTRY MONTH: 199005 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Pharmacokinetics in Teratogenesis NUMBER OF REFERENCES: 56 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/90000448

LAST REVISION DATE: 19961118 529 TITLE: In vitro cell differentiation of mouse primitive ectoderm in early primitive streak stage. AUTHORS: Yamazaki-Yamamoto K Kameyama Y AUTHOR ADDRESS: Seinan-Gakuin University, Fukuoka. SOURCE: Teratology 1990 Dec;42(6):37A-38A ABSTRACT: Slc:ICR mouse embryos in early primitive streak stage (day 6.5) were used. The primitive ectoderms were isolated in the dissociating medium consisting of 70% F12 culture medium, 30% fetal calf serum and a bacterial neutral protease (B. polymya), dispase (300 U/mL) by using tungsten needles. An isolated primitive ectoderm and their aggregates were cultured on ECM- coated plastic dishes (3.5 cm) with F12 culture medium containing 50% rat serum for 10 days under 5% CO2 at 37 degrees C. They differentiated into several kinds of cells which were identified morphologically and PAP- immunohistochemically on the 10th day. Many epithelial cells were stained by anti-keratin antibody, several fibroblasts were stained by anti-vimentin antibody. Chondrocytes were stained showing the metachromasia by toluidine blue. Furthermore, notochordal cells were distinguished by weak metachromatic stainability and cellular vacuolization. Poor differentiation of neural cells was found in the culture when a few primitive ectodermal explants aggregated before innoculation into the culture dish, however, differentiation of many neural cells was found in the culture when several ectodermal explants aggregated prior to the innoculation. These data suggested that primitive ectoderm in early primitive streak stage seemed to obtain the multipotentiality of the developmental ability. But the differentiation of neural cells seemed to require cellular interactions including cell to microenvironment interactions. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): *Cell Differentiation Pregnancy Mice Animal Female Mice, Inbred ICR Ectoderm/*CYTOLOGY Organ Culture Immunoenzyme Techniques Cell Communication LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0040-3709

PUBLICATION TYPES: Meeting Abstract ENTRY MONTH: 199012 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Teratology YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/90001959 LAST REVISION DATE: 19930222 530 TITLE: What Do We Know Today about Welding-Fume Effects on the Respiratory System? AUTHORS: Flechsig R SOURCE: Industrial Health, Vol. 26, No. 2, pages 93-100, 43 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: The effects of welding fumes on the respiratory system were reviewed. Welding techniques were summarized. Research studies conducted in the past 10 years on the relationship between welding fumes and pneumoconiosis, chronic bronchitis, lung fibrosis, occupational asthma, lung cancer, and diseases of the upper respiratory tract were discussed. They have shown that x-ray evidence of pneumoconioses, such as reticular shadows or micronodular opacities, are seen frequently in welders. The abnormalities were usually localized in the lower and lateral parts of the lung. Pneumoconiosis usually continued to progress and concomitant chronic bronchitis developed as exposure continued. The pneumoconioses did not progress or regressed if the workers switched to nonwelding jobs. Fibrosis appeared after long exposure, 21 years on the average, especially in welders working in narrow rooms without adequate ventilation. Chromium (7440473) or nickel (7440020) fumes emitted from chromium or nickel coated electrodes in manual metal arc (MMA) welding were considered to be the cause of occupational asthma in welders. Studies of the relationship between welding fumes and lung cancer have generally given conflicting results, except for a possible risk associated with chromium or nickel coated electrodes. Confounding factors and the small number of deaths did not allow any definite conclusion about the lung cancer risk in welders. Chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis were common upper respiratory tract disorders seen in welders. Such disorders were seen more commonly in MMA than in tungsten inert gas welders. The legal aspects of declaring respiratory system disorders in welders to be an occupational disease in the German Democratic Republic were discussed. The author concludes that the severity and prevalence of respiratory effects vary according to the type of welding done. Proper health risk assessments cannot be done without taking into account the various technological parameters of welding.

KEYWORDS: DCN-170198 Arc welding Occupational health Occupational exposure Metal fumes Pulmonary system disorders Lung cancer Epidemiology Chest X rays Lung function CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 CODEN: INHEAO ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00181430 531 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 85-295-1907, General Electric Carboloy Systems, Detroit, Michigan, AUTHORS: Burr G Sinks TH AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 03, 1989 ABSTRACT: TD3: A study was made of possible hazardous working conditions at the General Electric Carboloy Systems (SIC-3369), Warren, Michigan. At the site 14,000 different tungsten-carbide and steel products were produced. Environmental and medical surveys were conducted in several of the buildings at the work site. The studies indicated a hazard to some employees in building 6 from cobalt (7440484) exposures. An automated system was being implemented in the building to perform operations such as powder weighing, milling, screening, and spray drying in enclosed vessels. These operations were performed manually under local exhaust ventilation. The greatest exposures occurred to individuals who did not wear a particle mask and were determined to be 24.6 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3). The authors recommend that single use disposable respirators be replaced by half mask or full face respirators; that the respiratory protection program be redesigned; that smoking, eating, and drinking be prohibited when toxic

KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Cobalt Toxic substances Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB89-121008, 49p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB89-121008 532 TITLE: Trace Speciation by HPLC-GF AA (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption) for Tin- and Lead-Bearing Organometallic Compounds, with Signal Increases Induced by Transition-Metal Ions. AUTHORS: Parks EJ Brinckman FE Jewett KL Blair WR Weiss CS AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Bureau of Standards (IMSE), Gaithersburg, MD. Polymers Div. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 12, 1989 ABSTRACT: TD3: High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (HPLC-GF AA) gives element-specific detection of environmental samples containing trace amounts of organotin or organolead species. The analyte and a modifier are co-pipetted into a conventional furnace tube, from either a solution of analyte or an HPLC effluent. Oxides of transition metals (e.g., chromium, manganese, or tungsten) are shown to enhance both tin and lead signals, whereas chlorides do not, suggesting the low-temperature formation of relatively involatile metal oxides or volatile metal chlorides, respectively. Final rept., KEYWORDS: Chromatography Quantitative analysis Environmental tests Organometallic compounds

ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB89-157085, Pub. in Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2, p441-450 1988., 10p PRICE: NTIS Prices: Not available NTIS ENTRY MONTH: 198909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB89-157085 533 TITLE: DEGRADATION OF ACETONITRILE BY PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA AUTHORS: NAWAZ M RICHARDSON JD CHAPATWALA KD WOLFRAM JH SOURCE: BELL, J. M. (ED.). PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONFERENCE PURDUE UNIVERSITY, 43; WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA, USA, MAY 10-12, 1988. XI+863P. LEWIS PUBLISHERS, INC.: CHELSEA, MICHIGAN, USA. ILLUS. MAPS. ISBN 0-87371-205-6.; 0 (0). 1989. 251-256. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SOIL CONTAMINATION WATER CONTAMINATION POLLUTANT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY ECOLOGY METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY SOIL PSEUDOMONADACEAE

KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Social Biology Ecology Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Pseudomonadaceae (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-05-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PIWCA ENTRY MONTH: 198908 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/24280 534 TITLE: SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AQUATIC MOSSES IN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AUTHORS: PRASAD E AV RAJU AN SANKARANNA G RAGHU V SOURCE: CURR SCI (BANGALORE); 58 (5). 1989. 225-227. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WATER LILY ANCIENT SANSKRIT TEXT WATER TREATMENT ORE HEAVY METALS MINING INDUSTRY WATER POLLUTION AGRICULTURE INDIA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ARCHAEOLOGY BIOLOGY/HISTORY ANTHROPOLOGY, PHYSICAL ETHNOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS SANITATION

SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL PLANTS PLANTS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation General Biology-History and Archaeology Physical Anthropology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Agronomy-General Musci Nymphaeaceae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CUSCA ENTRY MONTH: 198909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/25798 535 TITLE: Laboratory X-ray Irradiator for Cellular Radiobiology Research Studies: Dosimetry Report. AUTHORS: Mohaupt TH Zeman GH Blakely WF Elkind MM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Inst., Bethesda, MD. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02, 1990 ABSTRACT: TD3: Dosimetry measurements were performed on a 50 kVp laboratory x-ray irradiator for cellular radiobiology research. The measurements were done with a parallel-plate ionization chamber, which had a thin aluminized-mylar window. and an extrapolation chamber. Intercomparison of dosimetry data from the two independent methods showed excellent agreement. Results are presented for radiation dose rate, uniformity, and beam quality for operation of the tungsten target, beryllium window x-ray tube at 50 kVp, 20 mA, and with filters either 0.012 mm, 0.180mm, or 0.633 mm thick, for arrays positioned at a range of distances from the x-ray tube. The data in this report establish a dosimetric link between the cellular radiobiology research to be performed at AFRRI with the 50 kVp laboratory x-ray irradiator and the landmark work performed by Elkind and Sutton (1960) with a similar device. (KT) Technical rept. KEYWORDS: Beryllium Dosimetry Radiobiology X Ray irradiation ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AD-A212 282/8, 29p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH:

199004 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AD-A212 282/8 536 TITLE: Biosorption of Molybdenum and Chromium. AUTHORS: Pryfogle PA Maiers DT Wichlacz PL Wolfram JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 10, 1990 ABSTRACT: TD3: The effects of metal solution concentration, biomass density, length of exposure time, and pH were determined for biosorption of molybdenum (Mo) and chromium (Cr) by three organisms. Results indicate that it is possible to sorb Mo and Cr from dilute solutions. Differences were observed in the abilities of an organism to sorb Mo and Cr as well as among respective abilities of the three microorganisms. This suggests an inherent selectivity of the organism which may afford the selectivity of the organism which may afford the means to control a sorption-based process. Results also indicate that the metal sorption abilities of these microorganisms depend on duration of exposure, biomass density, solution pH, and the metal concentration of the solution. Each of these parameters suggests an additional means of controlling the sorption process. 20 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs. KEYWORDS: Chromium Microorganisms Molybdenum Biological Accumulation ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE90002073, Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products., 8p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199008 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE90002073 537 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-85-295-1907, General Electric Carboloy Systems, Detroit, Michigan AUTHORS: Burr G Sinks TH SOURCE: Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-85-295-1907, 45 pages, 54 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: In response to a request from Local 771 of the United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, a study was made of possible hazardous working conditions at the General Electric Carboloy Systems (SIC-3369), Warren, Michigan. At this site 14,000 different tungsten-carbide and steel products were produced. Environmental and medical surveys were conducted in several of the buildings at the work site. The studies indicated a hazard to some employees in building 6 from cobalt (7440484) exposures. An automated system was being implemented in this building to perform operations such as powder weighing, milling, screening, and spray drying, in enclosed vessels. These operations were performed manually under local exhaust ventilation. The greatest exposures occurred to individuals who did not wear a particle mask and were determined to be 24.6 micrograms/cubic meter (microg/m3). The authors conclude that a hazard existed from airborne exposure to cobalt. The authors recommend that single use disposable respirators be replaced by half mask or full face respirators; that the respiratory protection program be redesigned; that smoking, eating, and drinking be prohibited when toxic materials are present; and workers be evaluated for early detection of pneumoconiosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-171071 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report HETA 85 295 1907 Region 5 Hazard Confirmed Metal workers Carbides Cobalt compounds Pulmonary system disorders Metal dusts CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00182298 538 TITLE: GIANT-CELL INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA AND HARD-METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC STUDY OF FOUR CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AUTHORS: OHORI NP SCIURBA FC OWENS GR HODGSON MJ YOUSEM SA SOURCE: AM J SURG PATHOL; 13 (7). 1989. 581-587. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN COBALT TUNGSTEN OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: AJSPD ENTRY MONTH: 198909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/25910 539 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 89-062-2004, Dowty Corporation's Welding Shop, Warrendale, Pennsylvania. AUTHORS: Kullman GJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02, 1991 ABSTRACT: TD3: In response to a request from the United Metal Workers of America, an investigation was made of possible health hazards existing at the Dowty Corporation's welding shop (SIC-1211), Warrendale, Pennsylvania. About 100 workers on two shifts were involved in building and repairing longwall coal mining equipment. Operations included arc gouging, cutting, shielded metal arc welding, and tungsten inert gas welding. Two paint spray booths were situated adjacent to the welding operations. Worker exposures to 11 metals and elements were well below the allowable standards. Exposures to gases commonly generated by welding operations were likewise below limits. While there were no areas where exposures were greater than the allowable limits, the ventilation system was in places less than optimal and did allow a greater exposure to fumes than would have occurred had it been working up to level. One worker's exposure level for arsenic (7440382) exceeded the NIOSH 0.002mg/cu m ceiling exposure limit. In one ar KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Occupational safety and health Toxic substances ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB91-108753, 32p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A03 ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB91-108753 540 TITLE: MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF MOLYBDENUM.DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERNS OF SULFITE OXIDASE AND XANTHINE OXIDASE IN THE RAT AUTHORS: COHEN HJ JOHNSON JL RAJAGOPALAN KV SOURCE: ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 164:440-446,1974 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS, CD TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, RAT NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 ASSAY METHOD: BIOCHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL JOURNAL TITLE CODE: ABBIA TITLE ABBREVIATION: ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/19653 541 TITLE: Development of computer graphics. AUTHORS: Nuttall HE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Los Alamos National Lab., NM. New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1994 ABSTRACT:

TD3: The purpose of this project was to screen and evaluate three graphics packages as to their suitability for displaying concentration contour graphs. The information to be displayed is from computer code simulations describing air-born contaminant transport. The three evaluation programs were MONGO (John Tonry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139), Mathematica (Wolfram Research Inc.), and NCSA Image (National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). After a preliminary investigation of each package, NCSA Image appeared to be significantly superior for generating the desired concentration contour graphs. Hence subsequent work and this report describes the implementation and testing of NCSA Image on both an Apple MacII and Sun 4 computers. NCSA Image includes several utilities (Layout, DataScope, HDF, and PalEdit) which were used in this study and installed on Dr. Ted Yamada's Mac II computer. Dr. Yamada provided two sets of air pollution plume data which were KEYWORDS: Computer Graphics Air Pollution ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE93040569, 14p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE93040569 542 TITLE: HEALTH HAZARD EVALUATION REPORT NO HHE-80-058-874, FEDERAL-MOGUL METAL REMOVAL TOOLING DIVISION, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS AUTHORS: EDMONDS L MCQUILKIN S ORRIS P DANIELS W SOURCE: REPORT (HHE-80-058-874;PB82-215351):15 PP,1981 TAXONOMIC NAME: HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, HUMAN SEX TREATED: FEMALE

NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): OCCUPATION; NO CASRN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE; 11130-73-7 COOLANT,OIL SOLUBLE; NO CASRN COOLANT,WATER SOLUBLE; NO CASRN PETROLEUM DISTILLATES; NO CASRN BUTYL CELLOSOLVE; 111-76-2 FREON 113; 76-13-1 DEGREASERS; NO CASRN 2-ETHOXYETHANOL; 110-80-5 ASSAY METHOD: VIABILITY, FERTILITY AND MORTALITY REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 111-76-2 76-13-1 110-80-5 PUBLICATION TYPES: TECHNICAL REPORT JOURNAL TITLE CODE: D3REP TITLE ABBREVIATION: REPORT YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/29854 543 TITLE: Entwicklung eines SCR-Katalysators fuer instationaere Reaktionsfuehrung. (Development of a SCR catalyst adapted to instationary operation of the reactor). AUTHORS: Kotter M Lintz HG Turek T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe G.m.b.H. (Germany, F.R.). Projekt Europaeisches Forschungszentrum fuer Massnahmen zur Luftreinhaltung. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 20, 1991

ABSTRACT: TD3: For a new NO(sub x) abatement strategy the use of the Ljungstrom heat exchanger of the power plant is proposed. The heating elements are coated with catalysts adapted to the particular conditions of the process, transient operation and the given temperature profile. Two highly active, vanadium, tungsten and titanium oxide containing catalysts have been developed. Catalytic activity is quantified by measuring reacting rates at various temperatures and concentrations of NO, NH(sub 3) and H(sub 2)O. The results can be described with a simple rate equation. Both catalysts exhibit a low activity for the undesired SO(sub 2) oxidation. Simulation of the transient operation shows that the kintic data obtained by steady state measurements can be used to design the reactive heat exchanger. Furthermore it is demonstrated that a common problem in SCR processes, the leak NH(sub 3), can be solved by adding ammonia to the fresh air. (orig.) With 49 figs., 58 refs. In German. KEYWORDS: Catalysts Denitrification Heat Exchangers Foreign technology Air pollution control ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE91785662, U.S. Sales Only., 92p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A05/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199201 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE91785662 544 TITLE: MUTATION FROM MOLYBDENUM-DEPENDENT GROWTH TO TUNGSTEN-DEPENDENT GROWTH AND FURTHER EVIDENCE FOR A GENETIC DETERMINANT COMMON TO NITROGENASE AND NITRATE REDUCTASE IN THE BLUE-GREEN ALGA NOSTOC MUSCORUM AUTHORS: SINGH HN VAISHAMPAYAN A SONIE KC SOURCE: MUTAT RES 50:427-432,1978 TAXONOMIC NAME: NOSTOC MUSCORUM TEST OBJECT: BLUE-GREEN ALGAE NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): SPONTANEOUS; NO CASRN ASSAY: GENE MUTATIONS

PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: MUREA TITLE ABBREVIATION: MUTAT RES YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/29051 545 TITLE: ENHANCEMENT OF VIRAL TRANSFORMATION FOR EVALUATION OF THE CARCINOGENIC OR MUTAGENIC POTENTIAL OF INORGANIC METAL SALTS AUTHORS: CASTO BC MEYERS J DIPAOLO JA SOURCE: CANCER RES 39:193-198,1979 TAXONOMIC NAME: MESOCRICETUS AURATUS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,SYRIAN GOLDEN HAMSTER CELL CULTURE TISSUE CULTURED: PRIMARY EMBRYO CELLS CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): VIRUS,SIMIAN ADENOVIRUS SA7; NO CASRN METAL SALTS; NO CASRN ALUMINUM CHLORIDE; 7446-70-0 ALUMINUM SULFATE; 10043-01-3 ANTIMONY ACETATE; 6923-52-0 ARSENIC CHLORIDE; 7784-34-1 BARIUM CHLORIDE; 10361-37-2 BERYLLIUM SULFATE; 13510-49-1 CADMIUM ACETATE; 543-90-8 CADMIUM CHLORIDE; 10108-64-2 CALCIUM CHROMATE; 13765-19-0 COBALT ACETATE; 71-48-7

COBALT MOLYBDATE; 13762-14-6 COPPER(I) SULFIDE; 22205-45-4 COPPER SULFATE; 7758-98-7 FERRIC CHLORIDE; 7705-08-0 FERROUS SULFATE; 7720-78-7 LEAD OXIDE; 1317-36-8 LEAD CHROMATE; 7758-97-6 LITHIUM CHLORIDE; 7447-41-8 MAGNESIUM ACETATE; 142-72-3 MANGANESE(2+)CHLORIDE; 7773-01-5 MERCURIC CHLORIDE; 7487-94-7 NICKEL SULFATE; 7786-81-4 PLATINUM TETRACHLORIDE; 13454-96-1 POTASSIUM CHROMATE; 7789-00-6 SILVER NITRATE; 7761-88-8 SODIUM ARSENITE; 7784-46-5 SODIUM SULFATE; 7757-82-6 SODIUM HYDROXIDE; 1310-73-2 STRONTIUM CHLORIDE; 10476-85-4 THALLIUM ACETATE; 563-68-8 THALLIUM CHLORIDE; 7791-12-0 TITANIUM DIOXIDE; 13463-67-7 ZINC CHLORIDE; 7646-85-7 ZINC CHROMATE; 13530-65-9 ZINC SULFATE; 7733-02-0 CALCIUM CHLORIDE; 10043-52-4 TUNGSTEN HEXACHLORIDE; 13283-01-7 ANTIMONY TUNGSTATE; UNKNOWN ASSAY: MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORY MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORY

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7446-70-0 10043-01-3 6923-52-0 7784-34-1 10361-37-2 13510-49-1 543-90-8 10108-64-2 13765-19-0 71-48-7 13762-14-6 22205-45-4 7758-98-7 7705-08-0 7720-78-7 1317-36-8 7758-97-6 7447-41-8 142-72-3 7773-01-5 7487-94-7 7786-81-4 13454-96-1 7789-00-6 7761-88-8 7784-46-5 7757-82-6 1310-73-2 10476-85-4 563-68-8 7791-12-0 13463-67-7 7646-85-7 13530-65-9 7733-02-0 10043-52-4 13283-01-7 PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: CNREA TITLE ABBREVIATION: CANCER RES YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/31323 546 TITLE: NITROGEN FIXATION SYSTEM OF TUNGSTEN-RESISTANT MUTANTS OF AZOTOBACTER VINELANDII AUTHORS:

RIDDLE GD SIMONSON JG HALES BJ BRAYMER HD SOURCE: J BACTERIOL 152:72-80,1982 TAXONOMIC NAME: AZOTOBACTER VINELANDII TEST OBJECT: BACTERIA NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): SPONTANEOUS; NO CASRN ASSAY: GENE MUTATIONS GENE MUTATIONS PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: JOBAA TITLE ABBREVIATION: J BACTERIOL YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/47497 547 TITLE: Summary of Data Presented in the Background Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards, Ore Mining and Dressing Point Source Category. AUTHORS: Anon AUTHOR ADDRESS: Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Solid Waste. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 05, 1994 ABSTRACT: TD3: The document recompiles data from a study of wastewaters generated at ore and mining and dressing sites to support the development of national effluent guidelines to be included in NPDES permits issued for those facilities. The ore mining and dressing category includes extraction and beneficiation operations in the hard rock and mineral mining sectors. These sectors include iron, copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, molybdenum, aluminum, tungsten, nickel, vanadium, mercury, uranium, antimony, titanium, and platinum. The summary contains the specific types of operations withineach sector, the organics analyzed,the metals analyzed, and a narrativedescription of the results of wastewater characterization for each process. The EPA's office of solid waste has recompiled the data

contained in the effluent guidlines for possible use in its effort to develop a rational mining program. See also PB94-113396. KEYWORDS: Water pollution standards Ore dressing Mining ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB94-113388, 55p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB94-113388 548 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 93-0455-2342, JMS Southeast, Inc., Statesville, North Carolina. AUTHORS: Kiefer M AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1994 ABSTRACT: TD3: In response to a confidential employee request, an investigation was begun of worker exposures to airborne contaminants and the effectiveness of the ventilation system at JMS Southeast, Inc. (SIC-3823), Statesville, North Carolina. The company employed 42 workers, including 17 directly involved in manufacturing temperature measurement devices for industrial applications. Processes evaluated at this site during the on site visit included tungsten inert gas welding (TIG), metal grinding, buffing and sanding, brazing and soldering, and degreasing. Observations included sporadic adherence to the use of personal protective equipment and the lack of a formal safety program. KEYWORDS: Occupational safety and health Metals Air pollution control Statesville(North Carolina) ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB94-133998, 29p PRICE:

NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB94-133998 549 TITLE: Industrial toxicology and hygiene - Vol.2. Mineral derivatives, Part 2 AUTHORS: Haguenoer JM Furon D SOURCE: Editions Technique et Documentation, 11 rue Lavoisier, 75384 Paris Cedex 08, France, 1982. 659p. Bibl. ABSTRACT: Second of a series of 10 volumes to be published between now and 1985, this compendium is devoted to the inorganic derivatives listed according to the Mendeleev classification: germanium, tin, lead, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, selenium, tellurium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum. Each element is considered from: physical and chemical properties, uses and sources of exposure, metabolism, mode of action, toxicity, interactions, treatment, methods of analysis, occupational health and preventive measures, pertinent French regulations. KEYWORDS: TOXICOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE INORGANIC CHEMICALS HARMFUL SUBSTANCES METABOLIC PROCESS SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS HEALTH ENGINEERING LEGISLATION FRANCE ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-56-4 7440-31-5 7439-92-1 7440-62-2 7440-03-1 7440-25-7 7723-14-0 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-69-9 7440-47-3 7439-98-7

7440-33-7 7782-49-2 10028-16-7 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7439-88-5 7440-06-4 LANGUAGE: fre PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/82/01031 550 TITLE: Bronchopulmonary diseases due to the hard metal dust - Viewpoint of clinical examinations AUTHORS: Kusaka Y Sugimoto K Seki Y Goto S Yokoyama K Yamamoto S Sera Y Kyono H Kohyama N SOURCE: Japanese Journal of Industrial Health 1982, Vol.24, No.6, p.636-648. Illus. 56 ref. ABSTRACT: Respiratory questionnaires, physical examinations, chest X-rays and lung function tests were administered in 247 workers at a hard metal factory. Findings reported include chronic bronchitis, restrictive and obstructive ventilatory impairment, micronodulations on chest X-rays. One worker employed as a press operator for 5 years and as a shaper for 4 years showed progressive reticulonodular opacities with a confluent tendency in serial X-rays, and lung specimens obtained by biopsy showed fibrosis with deposited particles identified as tungsten.

KEYWORDS: CEMENTED CARBIDES BRONCHOPULMONARY DISEASES RESPIRABLE DUST RADIOLOGICAL CHANGES RESTRICTIVE VENTILATORY IMPAIRMENT OBSTRUCTIVE VENTILATORY IMPAIRMENT CHRONIC BRONCHITIS PULMONARY FIBROSIS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: jpn PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198502 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/84/01216 551 TITLE: Long Path Monitoring of Tropospheric O3, NO2, H2CO and SO2. AUTHORS: Vandaele AC Carleer M Colin R Simon PC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institut d'Aeronomie Spatiale de Belgique, Brussels. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 01, 1995 ABSTRACT: TD3: Concentrations of tropospheric O3, NO2, H2CO, and SO2 have been measured on the Campus of the 'Universite Libre de Bruxelles' on a routine basis since October 1990. The long path system consists of a source lamp, a first 30 cm f/8 Cassegrain type telescope which collimates the light onto a slightly parabolic mirror placed on the roof of a building situated 394 m away from the laboratory. The light is sent back into a second 30 cm Cassegrain telescope. This telescope has been modified so that the output beam is a 5 cm diameter parallel beam. This beam is then focused onto the entrance aperture of the BRUKER IFS120HR fourier transform spectrometer. The two telescopes are mounted on alignment devices and the external mirror is equipped with a driving system operated from the laboratory. The

choice of the light source (either a 1000 W high pressure 'ozone free' xenon lamp or a 250 W tungsten filament) and of the detector (either a solar blind UV-diode or a silicon diode) depended on the spectral reg KEYWORDS: Atmospheric composition Formaldehyde Gas analysis Nitrogen oxides Ozone Spectroscopic analysis Sulfur dioxides Troposphere Foreign technology Air pollution monitoring ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/N95-10630/8, 4p PRICE: NTIS Prices: (Order as N95-10590/4, PC A20/MF A04) SUPPORTING AGENCY: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199501 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/N95-10630/8 552 TITLE: Dermatological investigation of a hard metal factory. Part 3. Patch testing: materials, techniques and test reactions AUTHORS: Fischer T Rystedt I SOURCE: Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1984. 37p. 25 ref. ABSTRACT: 853 individuals currently or previously employed in work with hard metals were patch tested with twenty different substances found in their working and home environments. Almost all the subjects displaying positive patch test reactions, and most subjects with reactions judged as irritant or doubtful, were retested with a duplicate (water and petrolatum base) serial dilution test. More than 200 individuals and 360 patch test reactions were evaluated in this manner. Strongly positive patch test ractions were almost always reproduced, whereas weakly positive or doubtful reactions were very seldom reproduced. A total of 88 individuals and 107 patch test reactions were judged to be relevant positive. If the primary results had been accepted, 110 subjects and 178 patch test reactions would have been accepted as having a background of contact

sensitisation. It is still unclear whether 10 of the patch test reactions were of allergic or irritant origin. KEYWORDS: COBALT AND COMPOUNDS TUNGSTATES SKIN ALLERGIES ECZEMA SENSITISATION ALLERGY TESTS SKIN TESTS NICKEL AND COMPOUNDS DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: swe PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 198701 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/86/01387 553 TITLE: Overexposure measurement on microtron MT-17. AUTHORS: Dang Thanh Luong Tran Thanh Minh AUTHOR ADDRESS: Vietnam National Atomic Energy Commission, Hanoi. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 07, 1996 ABSTRACT: TD3: On 11 November 1992, the Radiation accident happened at the channel of the high energy photon beam generated by stopping 15 MeV accelerated electron on the tungsten target of Microtron MT-17. One physicist has been exposed to the high energy photon beam. The purposes of this work are the determination of overexposure from backscatter and primary beams to estimate the whole body and hand doses received by the victim. It was found that the upper parts of his body may be received the dose from 1.0 Gy to 5.0 Gy per 4 min. of the exposure; the dose received by victim's

hands is in interval of 30 - 50 Gy. (author). 3 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs. (Atomindex citation 26:054542) KEYWORDS: Radiation Accidents Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE95632331, U.S. Sales Only., 10p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE95632331 554 TITLE: Cobalt exposure in a carbide tip grinding process AUTHORS: Stebbins AI Horstman SW Daniell WE Atallah R SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal Mar. 1992, Vol.53, No.3, p.186-192. Illus. 25 ref. ABSTRACT: A company producing carbide tip saw blades for the woodworking industry was investigated. Cobalt exposure was characterised by ambient air monitoring, particle size determination, and biological monitoring. Area sampling for cadmium, cobalt, and tungsten indicated low ambient air levels in all manufacturing areas except the grinding department, which had cobalt air levels approaching the threshold limit value of 0.05mg/m|3|. Area airborne cobalt exposure levels measured over six shifts in the grinding department ranged from 0.017 to 0.12mg/m|3| for the total collection method and 0.002 to 0.028mg/m|3| for the method collecting respirable particles. Cobalt content in the total and respirable fractions was similar. Urine monitoring indicated production workers have elevated cobalt levels, and the grinders' levels were higher than other production workers. The grinding coolant was found to have elevated cobalt concentrations. A survey of coolants from nine carbide grinding shops indicated that the elevated cobalt concentrations may be common. KEYWORDS: COBALT CARBIDES SAWS GRINDING MACHINES MACHINE TOOLS

RESPIRABLE DUST HAZARD EVALUATION AIR SAMPLING PARTICLE SIZE DETERMINATION EXPOSURE TESTS URINE MONITORING ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199310 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/93/01605 555 TITLE: In-Depth Survey Report: Control Technology Assessment for the Welding Operations at Cleveland Range, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. AUTHORS: Wallace ME Sheehy JW Wilson RR AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Engineering Control Technology Branch. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 19, 1996 ABSTRACT: TD3: Engineering controls which may be used to reduce the exposure of workers to fumes during welding operations were evaluated at Cleveland Range, Inc. (SIC-3556), Cleveland, Ohio. The facility manufactured steam ovens. Fume extraction guns were used to control some of the exposure. Welding processes used included gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, and flux cored arc welding. The NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Value (TLV) levels were exceeded for iron (7439896), manganese (7439965), or nickel (7440020) on various occasions. For the flux cored arc welders, all four exceeded the TLV level of 0.2mg/m3 for manganese and one exceeded the 0.015mg/m3 level for nickel and the 5mg/m3 level for iron-oxide (1309371). The gas metal arc welders were exposed to

nickel at levels exceeding 0.015mg/m3. The ventilation system did reduce exposure levels, but not to recommended limits. The usefulness of the extraction syst KEYWORDS: Occupational safety and health Environmental surveys Industrial medicine ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB96-192034, 38p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A04/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 199610 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB96-192034 556 TITLE: Estimating historical exposure to silica among mine and pottery workers in the People's Republic of China AUTHORS: Dosemeci M Chen JQ Hearl F Chen RG McCawley M Wu Z McLaughlin JK Peng KL Chen AL Rexing SH et al SOURCE: American Journal of Industrial Medicine July 1993, Vol.24, No.1, p.55-66. 20 ref. ABSTRACT: A retrospective exposure assessment method was developed for use in a study of lung cancer among mine and pottery workers exposed to silica in 20 mines (10 tungsten, 6 iron/copper, 4 tin) and nine pottery factories. Historical exposure data and work histories were collected for 1,668 study subjects. The average total dust concentration was estimated to be 9mg/m|3| with a range from 28mg/m|3| in earlier years to 3mg/m|3| in recent years. Several exposure indices (cumulative dust, average dust, cumulative respirable and thoracic silica dust, exposure-weighted duration and highest/longest exposure) were calculated for each subject. KEYWORDS: SILICA MINING INDUSTRY

POTTERY INDUSTRY EXPOSURE EVALUATION CHINA AIRBORNE DUST RESPIRABLE DUST ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/94/01602 557 TITLE: Near real-time concentration measurement of medium and heavy elements in aerosols using X-ray fluorescence AUTHORS: Thomson GM Pochan CA Markland RA Thomson SA SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal Feb. 1997, Vol.58, No.2, p.98-104. Illus. 9 ref. ABSTRACT: A new aerosol monitor rapidly measures the mass concentration of mediumto high-atomic-number elements in dust- or smoke-laden aerosols. The device separates the aerosol's nongaseous components by pumping the air through a section of a filter paper tape for a fixed period of time. Pumping then stops and the tape advances and is exposed to a radioactive source which bombards the tape with X-rays. These cause the atoms in the tape to emit X-rays of their own, which are analyzed to reveal the identity and abundance of each element in the aerosol. Performance tests with a prototype device indicated high sensitivity over a wide concentration range. KEYWORDS: AEROSOLS CHEMICAL ANALYSIS METALS METALLOIDS HALOGENS

X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-61-1 7440-47-3 7439-92-1 7439-97-6 7440-33-7 7726-95-6 7439-98-7 7440-50-8 7440-66-6 7439-89-6 7440-38-2 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0002-8894 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199709 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/97/00868 558 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN FISH FROM THREE ADIRONDACK LAKES NEW YORK USA WITH DIFFERENT PH VALUES AUTHORS: HEIT M SCHOFIELD C DRISCOLL CT HODGKISS SS SOURCE: WATER AIR SOIL POLLUT; 44 (1-2). 1989. 9-30. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI PERCA-FLAVESCENS HUMAN ARSENIC CADMIUM LEAD SELENIUM THALLIUM GALLIUM MERCURY FOOD INDUSTRY POLLUTION FISHING INDUSTRY MUSCLE GUT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS ECOLOGY

CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY MARINE BIOLOGY MINERALS FISH PRODUCTS FISHES FOOD TECHNOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY MUSCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY MUSCULAR DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FISHES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Food Technology-Fish and Other Marine and Freshwater Products Digestive System-Pathology Muscle-Pathology Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Osteichthyes Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 15776-19-9 14683-23-9 14265-75-9 13494-80-9 10043-66-0 10043-49-9 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4

7440-55-3 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-12-2 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 630-08-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAPLA ENTRY MONTH: 198910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/28201 559 TITLE: Hard metal lung disease and pneumothorax

AUTHORS: Wahbi ZK Arnold AG Newman Taylor AJ SOURCE: Respiratory Medicine 1997, Vol.91, No.2, p.103-105. Illus. 7 ref. ABSTRACT: A case is reported of spontaneous pneumothorax in a metal grinder employed for eight years in a small workshop grinding tungsten carbide tips with diamonds. A lung biopsy taken during thoracotomy revealed changes characteristic of giant cell interstitial pneumonia, as seen in hard metal disease. The possibility of underlying respiratory disease should be considered in all cases of apparently spontaneous primary pneumothorax. Early diagnosis of interstitial lung disease is necessary for effective medical treatment and removal from the source of exposure. KEYWORDS: METALS LUNG DISEASES PNEUMOTHORAX TOOL GRINDERS CASE STUDY GRINDING MACHINES PULMONARY FIBROSIS HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS ILO LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0954-6111 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199807 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/97/01969 560 TITLE: HEAVY METALS IN GARDENS NEAR THE ASARCO SMELTER, TACOMA, WASHINGTON CORPORATE NAME: WASHINGTON STATE UNIV. SOURCE: EPA/OTS; Doc #40-7748027

KEYWORDS: ANTIMONY ENVIRONMENTAL FATE MONITORING CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 7439-91-0 7439-92-1 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7439-98-7 7440-02-0 7440-03-1 7440-05-3 7440-06-4 7440-09-7 7440-17-7 7440-18-8 7440-22-4 7440-24-6 7440-25-7 7440-28-0 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 7440-39-3 7440-43-9 7440-45-1 7440-46-2 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-55-3 7440-57-5 7440-62-2 7440-65-5 7440-66-6 7440-67-7 7440-69-9 7440-70-2 7440-74-6 7553-56-2 7704-34-9 7726-95-6 7782-49-2 7782-50-5 13494-80-9 ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/OTS0511074 ENTRY MONTH: 200101 CLASSIFICATION CODE: TSCA Sect. 4 Rec 00/00/00

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2000 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: TSCATS/206504 561 TITLE: LETTER FROM PPG INDUSTRIES TO USEPA REGARDING INFORMATION ON DIALLY DIGLYCOL CARBONATE (SANITIZED) WITH ATTACHMENTS SOURCE: EPA/OTS; Doc #88-7900311 ABSTRACT: A mixture containing 75% diallyl diglycol carbonate, 20% maleic anhydride, 5% tungsten hexacarbonyl, and 100 ppm 4-methoxyphenol, was instilled into the eyes of 9 rabbits. Summary information indicates clouding of the cornea occurred within 20 seconds after application. Rinsing of the eyes of 3 rabbits for 1 minute with distilled water 30 seconds following application did not attenuate the condition. At 14 days post-exposure, the cloudiness of the cornea was still evident, and several were ulcerated. This mixture is reportedly not manufactured nor distributed, but was undergoing testing in the research department. KEYWORDS: PPG INDUS DIALLY DIGLYCOL CARBONATE HEALTH EFFECTS PRIMARY EYE IRRITATION MAMMALS RABBITS DERMAL CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 108-31-6 142-22-3 150-76-5 14040-11-0 ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/OTS0200629 ENTRY MONTH: 200101 CLASSIFICATION CODE: TSCA Sect. 8E Rec 09/28/79 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: TSCATS/408552 562 TITLE: INITIAL SUBMISSION: ACUTE TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND INDUSTRIAL HANDLING HAZARDS OF [ ] + 5 WT.% TUNGSTEN CHLORIDE WITH COVER LETTER DATED 050792 (SANITIZED)

CORPORATE NAME: DOW CHEM USA SOURCE: EPA/OTS; Doc #88-920002527S KEYWORDS: DOW CHEM CO HALOGENATED METHYL PYRIDINE HEALTH EFFECTS ACUTE TOXICITY MAMMALS RATS ORAL GAVAGE PRIMARY EYE IRRITATION RABBITS DERMAL CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13283-01-7 ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/OTS0537337 ENTRY MONTH: 200101 CLASSIFICATION CODE: TSCA Sect. 8ECP Rec 05/13/92 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: TSCATS/423341 563 TITLE: THE PULMONARY PATHOLOGY PRODUCED BY COBALT AND HARD METALS AUTHORS: VAN DEN EECKHOUT A VERBEKEN E DEMEDTS M SOURCE: REV MAL RESPIR; 6 (3). 1989. 201-207. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE DIAMOND POLISHING INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA BRONCHIAL ASTHMA FIBROSING ALVEOLITIS ALLERGIC ACTION OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS

RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: RMREE ENTRY MONTH: 198910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/29501 564 TITLE: Intakes of thorium while using thoriated tungsten electrodes for tig welding. AUTHORS: LUDWIG T SCHWASS D SEITZ G SIEKMANN H AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institut fuer Strahlenschutz der Berufsgenossenschaften der Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik und der Chemischen Industrie, D-50941, Koeln, Germany.

SOURCE: HEALTH PHYSICS; 77 (4). 1999. 462-469. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Thoriated electrodes are used in TIG welding. TIG welders, along with persons who grind thoriated electrodes and persons located near relevant welding and grinding sites, might be at risk of thorium intake. The isotopes of radiological relevance are 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th. The studies described in the literature do not provide a consistent picture of the actual hazards, and changes in European and German radiological protection laws have now made it necessary to determine the risks. To accompli owing neutron activation. The results clearly showed that considerable intake can occur during both alternating-current welding and electrode grinding, if no suction systems are used. The range of 232Th intakes to welders were estimated from 0.1 Bq y-1 to 144 Bq y-1 during welding and from 0.02 Bq y-1 to 30.2 Bq y-1 during grinding. In 6 of the 26 cases the recent annual limit on intake derived from the most recent ICRP publications was exceeded in the worst case it was exceeded by a factor of 1 e, and it presents a catalogue of recommended measures for dosage reduction. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Radiation-General Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General External Effects-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14269-63-7 14269-63-7 14274-82-9 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199912

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/26161 565 TITLE: Influence of filtration on concentrations of 62 elements analysed on crystalline bedrock groundwater samples by ICP-MS. AUTHORS: REIMANN C SIEWERS U SKARPHAGEN H BANKS D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Norges Geologiske Undersokelse, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 234 (1-3). 1999. 155-173. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Analyses of unfiltered and filtered ( < 0.45 mum and < 0.10 mum) groundwater samples from 15 selected wells in crystalline bedrock aquifers of the Oslo area, Norway, have been studied for 62 chemical elements. While concentrations of almost all elements vary over several orders of magnitude between the individual wells, the discrepancy between filtered and unfiltered samples from the same well are rather small, not exceeding one order of magnitude. Many elements show no influence of filtration at red samples do not necessarily reflect 'true' solution chemistry (an elusive concept); and (3) the differences between samples filtered at < 0.45 mum and < 0.10 mum are so minimal for most elements, that the additional effort invested in ultra-filtration may not be justified for bedrock groundwater samples. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-14-5

10028-14-5 7440-52-0 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-25-7 7440-20-2 7440-69-9 7439-93-2 7440-60-0 7440-00-8 7439-94-3 20461-54-5 7440-27-9 7440-30-4 24959-67-9 10028-16-7 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6

7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199912 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/26548 566 TITLE: Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation in Welding Processes and Hazard Evaluation AUTHORS: Mariutti G Matzeu M SOURCE: Human Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation. Risks and Regulations, W. F. Passchier and B. F. M. Bosnjakovic, Editors; Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, International Congress Series 744, pages 387-390, 4 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT: The effective irradiance and spectral irradiance of different welding arcs used to join metals in manufacturing, maintenance, and repair operations were determined. Measurements were made for ac/dc tungsten argon shielded metal arc welding using stainless steel as the base metal (GTAW), electric arc welding using an ac transformer welder with consumable coated electrodes of low carbon steel (SMAW), and mild steel wire electrode CO2 shielded welding (MIG). The effective irradiance was measured using an actinic radiometer and the hazard risk was determined as a function of maximum exposure time and the maximum permissible exposure value at 270 nanometers for unprotected skin and eyes. The spectral irradiance of the sources was measured using a spectroradiometer calibrated over the range of 250 to 400 nanometers. The effective irradiance values for SMAW and GTAW at 40 centimeters from the source and for MIG at a distance of 60 centimeters from the source were 3.5, 6.6, and 2.3 watts per square meter respectively, and the maximum allowed exposure times for the same processes were 9, 5, and 13 seconds. The effective irradiance for MIG decreased to 0.2 watts per square meter at a distance of 200 centimeters with a corresponding increase in the maximum allowed exposure time to 187 seconds. KEYWORDS: DCN-171813 Metalworking industry Risk analysis Occupational exposure Industrial hazards Radiation exposure Ultraviolet radiation

Welders Nonionizing radiation Arc welding ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00183069 567 TITLE: Metal toxicity in two rodent species and redox potential: Evaluation of quantitative structure-activity relationships. AUTHORS: LEWIS D FV DOBROTA M TAYLOR MG PARKE DV AUTHOR ADDRESS: Molecular Toxicology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XH, UK. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY; 18 (10). 1999. 2199-2204. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A quantitative structure-activity relationship study of acute toxicity in the mouse and rat is described for the soluble salts of a relatively large number of metals (between 25 and 30 in total). Electrode potential is the major determinant of acute metal toxicity (R = 0.85 and 0.86) for an intraperitoneal dose in the mouse, whereas the addition of ionic radius and polarizability enables the inclusion of notable outliers in the original expression, such as beryllium and barium, thus giving a goo MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 15969-58-1 15969-58-1 22537-40-2

22541-98-6 15121-26-3 22537-29-7 14627-67-9 22537-33-3 22537-55-9 22537-49-1 14701-21-4 22537-20-8 7440-25-7 22537-39-9 14280-50-3 7440-20-2 22537-23-1 14701-22-5 7439-93-2 16096-89-2 16397-91-4 24203-36-9 22541-12-4 14127-61-8 17306-35-3 14302-87-5 17341-25-2 17341-24-1 22537-48-0 22541-53-3 15158-11-9 23713-49-7 16065-83-1 20074-52-6 22537-22-0 10028-16-7 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5

7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ETOCD ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/28338 568 TITLE: Determination of As, Mo, V, W in environmental samples. AUTHORS: FERRI T MORABITO R SANGIORGIO P VALENTINI M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy. SOURCE: ANNALI DI CHIMICA; 89 (9-10). 1999. 699-710. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The paper describes the combined use of a preconcentration method using a chelating resin (iron(III)-loaded) and ICP-AES for determining As, Mo, V and W simultaneously in polluted waters. The method, suitably modified, can also be used for studying the analytes at natural levels down to mug g-1 in solid environmental matrices. The method has been applied to five geological reference samples (GXR series) kindly supplied by the U.S.G.S. The method, whose reliability has been checked on standard re MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-62-2 7440-62-2 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ANCRA ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/28703 569 TITLE: Long-term leaching of trace elements in a heavily sludge-amended silty clay loam soil. AUTHORS: MCBRIDE MB RICHARDS BK STEENHUIS T SPIERS G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dept. of Soil, Crop and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. SOURCE: SOIL SCIENCE; 164 (9). 1999. 613-623. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Analysis by ICP-MS of shallow groundwater collected at a field site in New York that had been heavily loaded with sewage sludge more than 15 years earlier revealed elevated concentrations of Cu, Zn, Sr, Rb, Mo, Cd, As, Cr, Ni, Sb, W, Ag, Hg, and Sn compared with a nearby control site. Enhanced leaching of some elements from this near-neutral, fine-textured (silty clay loam) soil could be explained by exchange of soil-bound elements by components of the added sludge. For most of the heavy metals, ly after sludge application than many years later. Cumulative losses of certain trace elements from the topsoil have been estimated relative to Cr, a comparatively immobile element. These suggest that relative long-term losses range from 20 to 80%, with the order being: Sr, Mo, Sb > Ni, Cd, Cu > Zn, Ag. Generally, those elements with the smallest KD values (most soluble) measured recently in the soil had the largest loss estimates. However, present leaching loss rates are too low to explain the MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION

SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION METHODS PLANTS SOIL KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SOSCA ENTRY MONTH: 200001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/00/28944 570 TITLE: Hazards Associated with Occupational Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation AUTHORS: Salsi S Barlier A SOURCE: Human Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation. Risks and Regulations, W. F. Passchier and B. F. M. Bosnjakovic, Editors; Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, International Congress Series 744, pages 395-402, 6 references, 19871987 ABSTRACT:

Hazards associated with occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation were reviewed in relation to protective measures and recommendation of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Spectral irradiances in the wavelength zones of 200 to 400 nanometers and 200 to 3000 nanometers were determined using a spectroradiometer. Sources assessed in the laboratory included fluorescent cool white lamps, black light fluorescent lamps, bactericidal lamps, tungsten halogen lamps, mirror projection lamps, quartz halogen lamps, flood lights, and coated electrodes used in the welding of nonalloy, low alloy, alloy steels, iron, and remetalling processes. Sources assessed at in the field included a reburning blow torch during glassworking by hand, black light fluorescent lamps used in magnetoscopic checking processes, a high pressure mercury arc with a quartz bulb used in the polymerization of inks, and plasma torches employed in plasma metallization. The work operations with the greatest risks of exposure were arc welding, plasma metallization, and magnetoscopic checking. Significant hazards of ultraviolet-B and ultraviolet-C exposure were determined for the bactericidal lamp, mirror projection lamp, quartz halogen lamps, glassworking, and ink polymerization. The selection of protective clothing and eye protectors was discussed. KEYWORDS: DCN-171814 Radiation exposure Nonionizing radiation Ultraviolet radiation Skin exposure Light waves Eye damage Occupational hazards Personal protective equipment Workplace studies Welders ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00183070 571 TITLE: Responses in Muscle Sympathetic Activity to Acute Hypoxia in Humans AUTHORS: Saito M Mano T Iwase S Koga K Abe H Yamazaki Y SOURCE: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 65, No. 4, pages 1548-1552, 26 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT:

The alteration of muscle sympathetic activity by hypobaric hypoxic conditions was assessed in 13 healthy male volunteers between the ages of 20 and 41 years. The subjects were seated in a decompression chamber and efferent postganglionic sympathetic activity, recorded by a tungsten microelectrode inserted percutaneously into the muscle nerve fascicle of the tibial nerve, was correlated with changes in heart beat, respiratory rate, and blood pressure at simulated altitudes of 4000, 5000, and 6000 meters. Increasing the altitude from 0 to 6000 meters increased the heart rate from 66.6 to 90.5 beats per minute, increased the neural burst rate from 25.7 to 40.2 bursts per minute, and decreased the mean blood pressure from 91.5 to 83.9 Torr. The respiratory rate decreased from 16.3 breaths per minute at 0 meters to a low of 14.6 breaths per minute at 5000 meters climbing back to 15.3 breaths per minute at 6000 meters. The burst incidence per 100 heart beats, mean burst amplitude, and total muscle sympathetic activity increased with increasing altitude with maximal levels for all measures reached at 5000 meters and slight reductions from the peak values evident at 6000 meters. The results were discussed in relation to the chemoreceptor stimulation and central controlling mechanisms influencing muscle sympathetic activity under hypoxic conditions. The authors conclude that muscle sympathetic activity is enhanced by acute exposure to simulated high altitudes. KEYWORDS: DCN-172487 Electrophysiological measurements Hypoxia Hypobarism Pulmonary function Autonomic nervous system Neuromotor activity Simulation methods High altitudes Cardiovascular function tests Physiological response CODEN: JAPHEV ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00183708 572 TITLE: Lung-Tissue Copper in Experimental Pneumoconiosis AUTHORS: Dzhangozina DM SOURCE: Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniia, Vol. 16, No. 4, pages 32-35, 15 references, 19721972 ABSTRACT: To investigate whether copper (7440508) is actively involved in pathological fibrotic tissue changes, lung tissue copper content was

studied in rats following intratracheal administration of quartz (14808607), tungsten (7440337) containing rock, coal, and malachite (12069691) dust. The amount of malachite administered was equal to one fifth of that for other substances because malachite contains 15% copper. Subjects were sacrificed 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. All substances and durations of action were found to increase lung copper levels. It was concluded that absolute and relative copper uptake was attributable to endogenous mechanisms, and was proportional to the synthesis of noncollagenous proteins and the degree of lung tissue inflammatory changes. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-180001 CIS Dusts Pulmonary system disorders Animals Mineral dusts Respirable dust Pathology Lung fibrosis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 14808-60-7 7440-33-7 12069-69-1 CODEN: GTPZAB ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00083384 573 TITLE: REGIONAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE OTHER CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND CONTROL BRAINS AUTHORS: UITTI RJ RAJPUT AH ROZDILSKY B BICKIS M WOLLIN T YUEN WK SOURCE: CAN J NEUROL SCI; 16 (3). 1989. 310-314. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN METAL TOXICITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM MUSCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY MUSCULAR DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM/METABOLISM NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Muscle-Pathology Nervous System-Anatomy Nervous System-Physiology and Biochemistry Nervous System-Pathology Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CJNSA ENTRY MONTH: 198912 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/33888 574 TITLE: Ion-Selective Electrode Determination of Some Halo-Organometallic Compounds AUTHORS: Ramadan RM Mahmoud WH SOURCE: Microchemical Journal, Vol. 37, No. 3, pages 290-292, 6 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: The determination of some halo organometallic compounds was reported using an ion selective electrode. Some of the detected compounds included halo pentacarbonyls of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten. Hexacarbonyls of Group-VI reacted with halides stoichiometrically in a 1:1 ratio yielding the monohalopentacarbonyl derivatives. An excess of alkali halides was heated at 80 degrees-C with solutions of metal carbonyls in different ratios. The unreacted halide ions were titrated against standardized silver-nitrate solutions in the presence of a silver electrode. Inflections in the plots of milliliters of added silver-nitrate solution versus the millivolt readings of the products solutions were equivalent to the surplus halides present. The concentrations of the metal carbonyls as well as the percentage errors were then computed from the initial concentrations of the halides used. According to the authors, the method is easy to use and gives accurate results, allowing the determination of these compounds to be made in either solid or liquid phases and in the presence or absence of other reagents if these others do not react with halides. Bromide was the best halide to use in that it gave the highest accuracy. KEYWORDS: DCN-172643 Environmental contamination Halogenated hydrocarbons Organo metallic compounds Analytical chemistry Chemical analysis Analytical methods CODEN: MICJAN ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00183867 575 TITLE: Microanalysis of occupational dust exposures.

AUTHORS: STEPHENS JW HARRISON JC WALLACE WE AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA. SOURCE: PROCEEDINGS OF SCANNING 99, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, USA, MARCH-APRIL 1999.YSCANNING; 21 (2). 1999. 102-103. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MICROANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL DUST EXPOSURESYMEETING ABSTRACT HUMAN COAL WORKER SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY-ENERGY-DISPERSIVE SPECTROMETRY PNEUMOCONIOSES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH METHODOLOGY CHROMIUM TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT OCCUPATIONAL DUST EXPOSURES COAL DUST ANALYTICAL METHOD RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MICROSCOPY BIOLOGY RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS PUBLIC HEALTH HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Microscopy Techniques-General and Special Techniques Radiation-General Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-General Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SCNND ENTRY MONTH: 200002 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

BIOSIS/00/01167 576 TITLE: INVESTIGATION OF CORRELATION BETWEEN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS AND THE TOXICITY TO THE WATER FLEA DAPHNIA-MAGNA STRAUS AUTHORS: KHANGAROT BS RAY PK SOURCE: ECOTOXICOL ENVIRON SAF; 18 (2). 1989. 109-120. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM METAL IONS MERCURY MAGNESIUM SILVER MANGANESE COPPER TIN ZINC BARIUM COBALT ALUMINUM CHROMIUM TUNGSTEN CADMIUM STRONTIUM BERYLLIUM POTASSIUM LEAD SODIUM ARSENIC ANTIMONY IRON NICKEL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE ANIMAL CRUSTACEA PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY CRUSTACEA KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Invertebrata Branchiopoda CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EESAD ENTRY MONTH: 199001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/00167 577 TITLE: Evaluation of the in vitro direct and indirect genotoxic effects of cobalt compounds using the alkaline comet assay. Influence of interdonor and interexperimental variability. AUTHORS: DE BOECK M LISON D KIRSCH-VOLDERS M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Laboratorium voor Cellulaire Genetica, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: CARCINOGENESIS (OXFORD); 19 (11). 1998. 2021-2029. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The mechanisms of cobalt-induced pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and cancer are incompletely understood. DNA damage, either induced by genotoxic (direct or via oxygen radicals) or co-genotoxic (e.g., inhibition of DNA repair) processes may play an important role in the initiation of cancer. The alkaline comet assay provides a sensitive tool to investigate these two processes. Cobalt metal, a mixture of cobalt with tungsten carbide and cobalt chloride, were compared for their DNA-damaging capacity. Concentrations from 0 to 6.0 mug Co-equivalent/ml were tested. All three compounds were able to induce DNA damage in isolated human lymphocytes from three donors, in a dose- and time-dependent way. A relatively large interexperimental and interdonor variability in response was observed. This was ascribed to technical parameters and unidentified individual factors. This confirms the importance of repeating experiments using the same and different donors. The DNA-damaging potent MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES MINERALS

DNA REPLICATION TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC TRANSLATION, GENETIC ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY NEOPLASMS/METABOLISM CARCINOGENS CULTURE MEDIA TISSUE CULTURE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Replication Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Blood Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Biochemistry Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Tissue Culture Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 66-27-3 7440-48-4 1332-82-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CRNGD ENTRY MONTH: 199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/00889 578 TITLE: The use of tree bark for environmental pollution monitoring in the Czech Republic. AUTHORS: BOEHM P WOLTERBEEK H VERBURG T MUSILEK L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Fac. Nuclear Sci. Phys., Eng., Dep. Dosimetry Application Ionizing Radiation, Czech Technical Univ., Brehova 7, 115 19 Praha 1, Czech Republic. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION; 102 (2-3). 1998. 243-250. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The paper describes the use of oak tree (Quercus robur, Quercus petraea) bark for determining the distribution of air pollution by heavy metals and other elements in the western part of the Czech Republic, known as Bohemia. The samples collected were analysed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) in IRI TU Delft. To obtain sulphur concentration radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analysis (RXRFA) was applied in CTU-FNSPE. Out of all the determined elements 24 (Al, As, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Hf, Hg, La, Mn, Na, Ni, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Th, Ti, U, V, W, Zn) were selected as the most important. Then the data were analysed by Monte Carlo-assisted factor analysis (MCAFA) with the aim of resolving and identifying the environmental pollution sources. Some of the factors were interpreted as fly ash, coal combustion, Zn industry, waste incinerator plant, crustal material or metal industry. The geographical distribution patterns of the factors are also available. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY PLANTS BIOCHEMISTRY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY PLANTS KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Fagaceae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-20-2 7440-20-2 7782-49-2 7704-34-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENPOE ENTRY MONTH: 199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/01006 579 TITLE: A comparative study of PM2.5 ambient aerosol chemical databases. AUTHORS: WONGPHATARAKUL V FRIEDLANDER SK PINTO JP AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem. Eng., Univ. Calif., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1592, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; 32 (24). 1998. 3926-3934. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Comparing PM2.5 chemical databases at different sites and times is of interest in developing air quality control

strategies, planning health effects studies, and 'harmonizing" international standards. Three methods of comparison were applied to databases for the fine aerosol from seven sites around the world, five urban and two nonurban. The most extensive database, for Los Angeles, was used as a reference. log-log plots of chemical concentrations at pairs of sampling sites provide an easily visualized comparison that can be characterized by the coefficient of divergence (CD) which approaches zero for similar sites and one if the sites are very different. Sites similar and dissimilar to downtown Los Angeles were Teplice (Czech Republic) and Taipei (Taiwan), respectively. Cluster analysis was used to group sampling sites with similar characteristics. The Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and Amazon Basin sampling sites each clustered strongly; Teplice fused with the Los Angeles MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-05-3 7440-05-3 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 20461-54-5 24959-67-9 17341-25-2 16887-00-6 14797-55-8 14808-79-8 22537-22-0 14798-03-9 10028-16-7 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6

7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/03567 580 TITLE: Determination of bismuth in environmental samples with Mg-W cell-electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: ITOH S-I KANECO S OHTA K MIZUNO T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem. Materials, Fac. Eng., Mie Univ., Tsu, Mie 514, Japan. SOURCE: ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA; 379 (1-2). 1999. 169-173. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A new concentration method of bismuth using Mg-W cell-electrodeposition has been developed. The method was combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) with a tungsten atomizer. The detection limit of bismuth by this method was 7.8 pg ml-1 (S=3). The severe interferences on the AAS signal of bismuth, caused by large amounts of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Na, Pb and Zn, were eliminated by the Mg-W cell-electrodeposition method. 'Me method was adapted for the determination of bismuth in environmental samples. The recovery of bismuth-spiked environmental samples was in the range 94-104%. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ACACA ENTRY MONTH: 199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/03622 581 TITLE: Evaluation of Right and Left Ventricular Function in Hard Metal Workers AUTHORS: Horowitz SF Fischbein A Matza D Rizzo JN Stern A Machac J Solomon SJ SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 45, No. 11, pages 742-746, 24 references, 19881988 ABSTRACT: Left and right ventricular function was assessed in 30 hard metal workers with a history of prolonged employment in the cemented tungsten carbide industry. The group included 21 men and nine women with a mean age of 41

years. Sixteen members of the group had smoked for an average of 23 years. Cardiopulmonary evaluation included rest and exercise gated blood pool imaging, standard posteroanterior chest radiography, and electrocardiography. A total of 14 abnormal electrocardiograms and 11 abnormal chest radiograms were determined. No significant associations were determined between electrocardiographic parameters and age, resting heart rate, exercise heart rate, resting systolic blood pressure, exercise systolic blood pressure, maximal work load or the ejection fractions of the right or left ventricles either at work or rest. Significant inverse associations were determined between abnormal chest radiography and both age and right ventricular ejection fractions during exercise. The authors conclude that the hard metal workers showed no overt evidence of systolic left ventricular dysfunction despite prolonged occupational exposure to cobalt (7440484). KEYWORDS: DCN-173062 Air contamination Heavy metals Metallic poisoning Cardiovascular system disorders Hard metal disease Metal industry Humans CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00184318 582 TITLE: Testing the Bergerhoff method to determine the bulk deposition loads of 49 elements. AUTHORS: THONI L KRIEG F SIEWERS U AUTHOR ADDRESS: FUB-Forschungstelle Umweltbiobachtung, Untere Bahnhofstrasse 30, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland. SOURCE: ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT; 33 (2). 1999. 337-344. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The suitability of the simple and rather cheap Bergerhoff method for the determination of bulk deposition loads of 49 elements was tested. The method is suitable for the following elements:

Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, S, Sb, Sc. Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, V, W, Y and Zn provided that for some of these elements one does not get total recovery with HNO3-digestion. This, nevertheless, supplies sufficient information for most concerns. Analytical problems were encountered for the following elements: U and Te concentrations in our samples were close to the blanks; P and Ta were highly variable within the sampling areas; B, Hf and Zr leached out of the glass of the digestion vessels; Hg is highly volatile. Field studies at three background sites in Switzerland, two on the northern side of the Alps and one in the southern Alps, showed higher burdens of element emissions in the latter, partly becaus MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7440-25-7 7440-20-2 7440-69-9 7439-93-2 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2

7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AENVE ENTRY MONTH: 199905 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/05036 583 TITLE: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of wines. AUTHORS: PEREZ-JORDAN MY SOLDEVILA J SALVADOR A PASTOR A DE LA GUARDIA M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Doctor Moliner St. 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 14 (1). 1999. 33-39. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) procedure has been developed for the determination of major elements, such as Mg, Na, K, Ca and Fe, minor elements, such as Al, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Br and Rh, and trace elements, such as Li, Ti, Ni, As, I, Ba, Pb, Sc, V, Co, Y, Zr, Mo, Sn, Cs, Ga, Nb, Pd, Cd, Sb, Hf,

W, Hg, Tl, Th and U, in wines. The results obtained for Na, Mg, Al, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Rb and Cs were compared with those found by neutron activation analysis (NAA). Two ICP-MS calibration methodologies were used and results evaluated from spike recovery studies from which an average recovery of 102 | 20% was found for quantitative mode measurements. Multi-determination, using Be, Ge, In and Bi for the calibration of the ICP-MS sensitivity in the whole mass range and Rh as the internal standard, provided fast and accurate results, whereas the quantitative mode, using a series of external standard solutions, needs more time and consumes more reagent. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FERMENTATION FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ANALYSIS FOOD TECHNOLOGY KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-Malts Food Technology-Evaluations of Physical and Chemical Properties (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14900-04-0 14900-04-0 7440-16-6 7440-05-3 7440-20-2 7439-93-2 24959-67-9 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0

7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199905 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/05763 584 TITLE: Some hygienic problems in the designing of standard types of multipurpose hospitals. AUTHORS: SHVETSOV LA SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 36 (8). 1971 96-97 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An analysis of the designs of multipurpose hospitals indicated some improvement in their quality. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/73/07299 585 TITLE: Behaviour of metals under the conditions of roasting MSW incinerator fly ash with chlorinating agents. AUTHORS: CHAN C CY KIRK DW

AUTHOR ADDRESS: 200 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; 64 (1). 1999. 75-89. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A total elemental analysis was performed on a municipal solid waste (MSW) fly ash sample, before and after it was treated at 1000 C, to reveal the metal distribution between the volatile matter and the ash residue. Metals such as Pb, Zn, Cd, and to a lesser degree, Cr, Mn and Ni, were volatilized. Addition of chlorinating agents generally increased the volatility of certain elements. More acid resistant compounds were formed in the ash residue after the heat treatment using CaCl2 as a chlorinating agent. The efficiencies of volatilization of the metals, using Cl2 as a chlorinating agent, were generally higher compared with using CaCl2. However, CaCl2 was found to be a more selective chlorinating agent for volatilizing the heavy metals of concern, i.e., Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu. The efficiencies of volatilization of the recovered metals were approximately proportional to their standard free-energy changes (DELTAG) for the corresponding chlorination reactions. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1317-61-9 1317-61-9 12136-45-7 1309-48-4 7440-20-2 7440-69-9 7631-86-9 16887-00-6 7723-14-0 7446-11-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-48-4

7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-28-1 1313-59-3 1305-78-8 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JHMAD ENTRY MONTH: 199905 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/06687 586 TITLE: Plant responses to metal toxicity. AUTHORS: BRIAT J-F LEBRUN M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Biochimie et physiologie moleculaire des plantes, CNRS, universite Montpellier-II, Inra et Ensa, place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 1, France. SOURCE: COMPTES RENDUS DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES SERIE III SCIENCES DE LA VIE; 322 (1). 1999. 43-54. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Metal toxicity for living organisms involves oxidative and/or genotoxic mechanisms. Plant protection against metal toxicity occurs, at least in part, through control of root metal uptake and of long distance metal transport. Inside cells, proteins such as ferritins and metallothioneins, and glutathion-derived peptides named phytochelatins, participate in excess metal storage and detoxification. Low molecular weight organic molecules, mainly organic acids and amino acids and their derivatives, also play an important role in plant metal homeostasis. When these systems are overloaded, oxidative stress defense mechanisms are activated. Molecular and cellular knowledge of these processes will be necessary to improve plant metal resistance. Occurrence of naturally tolerant plants which hyperaccumulate metals provides helpful tools for this research. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-General Plant Physiology Plantae-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-57-5 7440-57-5 7440-69-9 16397-91-4 24203-36-9 22541-12-4 14127-61-8 22537-48-0 15158-11-9 15438-31-0 23713-49-7 22537-22-0 10028-16-7 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CRASE

ENTRY MONTH: 199906 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/08793 587 TITLE: Trace elements in coal: Environmental and health significance. AUTHORS: FINKELMAN RB AUTHOR ADDRESS: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 20192, USA. SOURCE: BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH; 67 (3). 1999. 197-204. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Trace elements can have profound adverse effects on the health of people burning coal in homes or living near coal deposits, coal mines, and coal-burning power plants. Trace elements such as arsenic emitted from coal-burning power plants in Europe and Asia have been shown to cause severe health problems. Perhaps the most widespread health problems are caused by domestic coal combustion in developing countries where millions of people suffer from fluorosis and thousands from arsenism. Better know ally toxic trace metals during coal cleaning, combustion, weathering, and leaching. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PUBLIC HEALTH HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-General Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14900-04-0 14900-04-0 7440-18-8 7440-52-0 7440-16-6 7440-53-1 7440-19-9 7440-04-2

7440-25-7 7440-05-3 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 7440-69-9 7439-93-2 7440-60-0 7440-00-8 7439-94-3 7440-27-9 7440-30-4 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 16984-48-8 17778-88-0 17778-80-2 12385-13-6 10028-16-7 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-44-0 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-03-1

7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BTERD ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/16555 588 TITLE: AUDITORY ELEMENTARY HALLUCINATIONS IN ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL PSYCHOSES AUTHORS: SARAVAY SM PARDES H SOURCE: KEUP, WOLFRAM (EDITED BY). ORIGIN AND MECH; 1970 237-244 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 64-17-5 CODEN: 01659 ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/03892 589 TITLE: Influence of phosphorus in vanadium-containing catalysts for nitrogen oxides removal. AUTHORS: BLANCO J

AVILA P BARTHELEMY C BAHAMONDE A ODRIOZOLA JA GARCIA DE LA BANDA JF HEINEMANN H AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Catalisis Petroleoquimica, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid. SOURCE: APPL CATAL; 55 (1). 1989. 151-164. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The influence of H3PO4 on the catalytic activity of a vanadium-tungsten oxide-titania-based catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides with ammonia has been studied in a pseudoadiabatic fixed bed reactor. An activity decrease due to the presence of phosphorus has been observed as well as an increase in the crushing strength of the pellets. A chemical interaction between the active solid, the V2O5-based catalyst, and the extrusion binder, H3PO4, has been demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. This interaction substantially decreases the concentration of vanadium species at the surface leading to the observed decrease in activity at temperatures between 250 and 300C. However, at higher temperatures an activity increase takes place as a result of higher process selectivity to the SCR reaction. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Bioengineering Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: APCAD ENTRY MONTH: 199004

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/04292 590 TITLE: Inorganic Particulates in Pneumoconiotic Lungs of Hard Metal Grinders AUTHORS: Ruttner JR Spycher MA Stolkin I SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 44, No. 10, pages 657-660, 29 references, 1987 ABSTRACT: A mineralogical analysis of dusts in the lungs of metal grinders with pneumoconiosis was conducted. Lung biopsy samples were obtained from seven patients with pneumoconiosis, 31 to 62 years old. The lungs were taken at autopsy from nine pneumoconiosis patients, 55 to 76 years old. The subjects had been employed as metal grinders, polishers, and winders in factories where hard metal tools and instruments were manufactured. The duration of exposure to hard metals ranged from 5 to 44 years and the mean time from first exposure to biopsy or autopsy was 33.6 years. Three subjects had mixed dust pneumoconioses of the type seen in foundry workers. Ten had diffuse interstitial lung fibrosis (DILF). In two cases, the DILF was accompanied by granulomatous lesions. The remaining three cases had granulomatous lesions only. The lung dusts in the biopsy specimens were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). The autopsy samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, electron microscopy, EDXA, or atomic absorption spectroscopy. Hard metal components and significant amounts of quartz (14808607), silicates such as mica (12001262), and feldspar, were found in all samples. Typical hard metal components such as tungsten (7440337), molybdenum (7439987), titanium (7440326), chromium (7440473), and cobalt (7440484) were not found in all samples. Specimens from patients with mixed dust pneumoconiosis had significantly larger amounts of mineral dusts than those from the DILF patients. Carborundum (409212) and corundum (1302745) particles were found in seven autopsy samples. The authors conclude that there does not appear to be a specific lung lesion in workers exposed to hard metals. The histological features of the lesions are characteristic of a nonspecific mixed dust pneumoconiosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-184676 Hard metals Metal dusts Silica dusts Lung tissue Trace analysis Abrasive grinding Postmortem examination Lung lesions Lung disorders

Occupational exposure Long term exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 12001-26-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7440-32-6 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 409-21-2 1302-74-5 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00189262 591 TITLE: Analysis of impulse electric field effect on organic exhaust gas decomposition. AUTHORS: ZHANG Y JIN X-Y JIANG X-Z WANG R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (CHINA); 11 (1). 1999. 57-62. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The technique of organic exhaust gas decomposition with impulse corono dischrge plasma has been investigated in this study. It has been discovered that the impulse electric field affected the decomposition efficiency with the secondary electron emission coefficient (delta) of the corona electrode as an intermediary: when the impulse voltage power ( W) was fixed the corona electrode material with higher delta could induce higher decomposition efficiency. In these experiments, wolfram electrode wh MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-09-2 75-09-2 1330-20-7 108-88-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JENSE ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/17110 592 TITLE: Testing and optimizing two factor-analysis techniques on aerosol at Narragansett, Rhode Island. AUTHORS: HUANG S RAHN KA ARIMOTO R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Studies, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of RI, Narragansett, RI, 02882-1197, USA. SOURCE: ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT; 33 (14). 1999. 2169-2185. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Elemental data for aerosol at Narragansett, RI, USA, were used to compare the source-identification power of positive matrix factorization (PMF), a new variant of factor analysis, with that of conventional factor analysis (CFA) and to investigate how much each technique can be "tuned" for best results. The techniques generally yielded similar results. Although both were degraded by weak elements and gave factors that always differed somewhat from known sources, they nonetheless provided substant consideration was found to be the choice of elements, which outweighed all differences between techniques. Therefore, to maximize the source-identification power of factor analysis, the two most important steps appear to be selecting the optimum set of elements

and selecting the basic technique, in that order. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS GASES BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-53-1 7440-53-1 7440-57-5 7440-20-2 7439-94-3 20461-54-5 7440-27-9 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4

7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AENVE ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/17504 593 TITLE: Photocatalytic degradation of 9-acetylanthracene in water. AUTHORS: CARRIERI G CASELLI M MANGONE A TRAINI A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita degli Studi di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy. SOURCE: ANNALI DI CHIMICA; 89 (5-6). 1999. 327-339. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In this paper the results of photocatalytic degradation of 9-acetylanthracene in a catalytic suspension of TiO2 P25 are reported. The experimental photoreactor consisted of a simple Pyrex vessel, irradiated by a 50 watt tungsten lamp. The dependence of the kinetic constant of the process from the initial concentrations of the aromatic compound was monitored. The disappearance of the initial compound was obtained in about 7 hours and it seems to follow a first order kinetic law. Some intermediate MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Pest Control LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ANCRA

ENTRY MONTH: 199909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/99/18077 594 TITLE: Polyethylene Plant Operations: Safety in Polyethylene Plant Compressor Areas AUTHORS: Prentice JS Smith SE Virtue LS SOURCE: Chemical Engineering Progress, Vol. 70, No. 9, pages 49-53, 2 references, 19741974 ABSTRACT: A safety monitoring system installed on high pressure compressors (hypercompressors) in a polyethylene production facility was described. The operation consisted of a system of alarms and shut downs on the four lines of primary compressors and hypercompressors in the compressor building of Northern Petrochemical Company (NPC), Morris, Illinois. The system monitored the alignment of the tungsten carbide hypercompressor plungers. The system, which was developed in response to a series of unexplained plunger failures at NPC and other facilities, contained a series of vertical and horizontal eddy current probes for each plunger with associated electronic proximitors, a dual channel monitor, and a digital voltmeter for each compression plunger. The monitors for each plunger were also equipped with adjustable alert and danger set points that were operated as an alarm and shut down set points. The alarm and shut down set points were determined by analyzing the vibrations produced by the hypercompressors. Guidelines for operating the hypercompressors safely based on NPC's experience were discussed. These included watching for mechanical problems that could lead to plunger failure such as worn plunger packings, loose plunger connections, crosshead slipper failure, or defective bottom end spacers. KEYWORDS: DCN-183633 Industrial safety Chemical manufacturing industry Petroleum products Warning devices Equipment design Electronic devices High pressure Industrial engineering CODEN: CEPRA8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00188197 595 TITLE: Giant Cell Interstitial Pneumonia in a Hard-Metal Worker. Cytologic, Histologic and Analytical Electron Microscopic Investigation AUTHORS: Tabatowski K Roggli VL Fulkerson WJ Langley RL Benning T Johnston WW SOURCE: Acta Cytologica, Vol. 32, No. 2, pages 240-246, 19 references, 1988 ABSTRACT: A case report was presented of a 25 year old male to reemphasize the unique cytomorphology of giant cell interstitial pneumonia and to discuss differential diagnoses. The patient presented for progressive shortness of breath and diffuse interstitial infiltrates on chest radiograph which had begun 5 years prior to admission. He reported a 40 pound weight loss over the previous 2 years and denied any arthralgias or skin rash. He had worked for 7 years as a machine operator making hard metal cutting tools. Exposures included powdered tungsten-carbide (12070121), cobalt (7440484), titanium-carbide (12070085), niobium (7440031), tantalum-carbide (51680514), chromium-carbide (11130497), and nickel (7440020). He had used diamond bits to cut and shape finished hard metals. He had begun to wear a charcoal filter respirator when he first experienced respiratory symptoms. Bronchial washings several days prior to open lung biopsy yielded nonpigmental alveolar macrophages and pleomorphic, phagocytic multinucleated giant cells, which were taken as strongly suggestive of giant cell interstitial pneumonia in a patient with restrictive lung disease. The authors conclude that insignificant amounts of cobalt found in the biopsy of the patient and in the work environment accounts for difficulty in diagnosing the disease. Diagnosis early on in such cases may assist in the removal of the individual from the workplace and forestall the development of end stage interstitial fibrosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-185681 Pulmonary system disorders Metal fumes Metal dusts Respiratory protection Metal workers Cobalt compounds Lung disease Occupational exposure Dust inhalation Heavy metals Hard metal workers

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 12070-08-5 7440-03-1 51680-51-4 11130-49-7 7440-02-0 CODEN: ACYTAN ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00190269 596 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENT COMPOSITION AND ORIGIN OF THE ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL IN THE NORWEGIAN ARCTIC AUTHORS: MAENHAUT W CORNILLE P PACYNA JM VITOLS V SOURCE: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ARCTIC AIR CHEMISTRY, HURDAL, NORWAY, SEPTEMBER 29-OCTOBER 2, 1987. ATMOS ENVIRON; 23 (11). 1989. 2551-2570. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SOIL DUST OCEAN HEAVY METAL LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT TRACER PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS SOURCE APPORTIONMENT SULFATE POLLUTION NORWAY USSR EUROPE NORTH AMERICA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY MINERALS MOVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION

KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Movement (1971- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-79-8 14808-79-8 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ATENB ENTRY MONTH: 199005

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/10910 597 TITLE: Cadmium exposure and health effects among residents in an irrigation area with ore dressing wastewater. AUTHORS: CAI S YUE L HU Z ZHONG X YE Z XU H LIU Y JI R ZHANG W ZHANG F AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Environmental Health and Engineering, Chinese Acad. Preventive Med., 29 Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China. SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 90 (0). 1990. 67-74. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. About 0.05 mg Cdl-1 was found in the irrigation water contaminated by the wastewater discharged from tungsten ore dressing plants, and about 1 mg Cd kg-1 was found in irrigated acid soils. The main sources of cadmium intake by residents of the polluted areas are agricultural products. The average intake of cadmium was 367-382 mug day-1, and for smokers 417 mug day-1. Among the residents who have been exposed to cadmium for more than 25 years, cadmium absorption (urinary cadmium \ 10 mug g-1 creatinine) was 60% and an early effect on the target organ (urinary cadmium \ 15 mug g-1 creatinine and urinary beta2-microglobulin \ 500 mug g-1 creatinine) was detected in 17% of the sample of 433 persons. Levels of urinary cadmium and blood cadmium exceeded the critical value in the exposed group. The concentrations of urinary calcium, beta2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase were significantly higher in residents of contaminated areas than in those of control are MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY MINERALS UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEVA ENTRY MONTH: 199007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/14521 598 TITLE: Measurement of Blue-Light Effective Radiance of Welding Arcs AUTHORS: Okuno T SOURCE: Industrial Health, Vol. 24, No. 4, pages 213-226, 3 references, 1986 ABSTRACT: The blue light effective radiance of welding arcs generated under different welding conditions was measured as part of an investigation of emission spectra of welding arcs. The blue light irradiance, luminance, and illuminance of arcs generated by shielded metal arc (SMA) welding, metal active gas (MAG) shielded arc welding, carbon-dioxide gas shielded arc welding using solid or core flux wires, metal inert gas shielded arc welding, tungsten inert gas (TIG) shielded arc welding, and self shielded arc (SSA) welding on soft or stainless steel or aluminum using 1:2 to 8.0 millimeter diameter wires were measured. The blue light effective irradiance was measured with an ultraviolet meter which incorporated a blue light sensitive photomultiplier and filter. Luminance and illuminance were measured with commercial meters. The data were compared

with recommended exposures calculated using the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) blue light hazard function. The size of the welding arcs varied from 1.2 to 12 square centimeters (cm2); the smallest occurred for SMA welding of soft steel and the largest for SSA welding of soft steel. The blue light effective radiances varied from 0.28 to 3.1 watts (W)/cm2 spectral radiance (sr), the largest value occurring with MAG welding of soft steel and the lowest value with TIG welding of stainless steel. The ACGIH recommended blue light effective radiances for the two welding conditions were 2.4 and 0.16W/cm2 sr. The permissible exposure period for the 2.4W/cm2 sr limit was 46 seconds. The illuminance of the arcs varied from 440 to 9700 lux, the highest value being associated with SSA welding of soft steel and the lowest with TIG welding of stainless steel. The luminances ranged from 2.2x10(-6) lumen per solid angle (nt) for TIG welding of stainless steel to 22x10(-6)nt for SMA welding of soft steel. Problems associated with selecting appropriate filters for protecting the eyes of welders against ultraviolet and blue light radiation were discussed. KEYWORDS: DCN-207255 Arc welding Light emission Nonionizing radiation Laboratory testing Risk analysis Standards Light source CODEN: INHEAO ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00207485 599 TITLE: ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY UPDATE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AUTHORS: CRESSER M EBDON L ARMSTRONG J DEAN J RAMSEY MH CAVE M SOURCE: J ANAL AT SPECTROM; 5 (1). 1990. 1R-55R. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW AIR ANALYSIS WATER ANALYSIS SOIL PLANTS FERTILIZERS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS

BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL PLANTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) Plantae-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-44-0 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-37-1 7440-36-0 7440-33-7

7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 3812-32-6 74-90-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199008 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/18137 600 TITLE: Occupational Asthma AUTHORS: White RP Jr Cordasco EM SOURCE: Occupational Medicine: Principles and Practical Applications, Second Edition, C. Zenz, Editor; Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc., pages 235-242, 37 references, 1988 ABSTRACT: An overview of occupational asthma was presented. The pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and common

substances causing occupational asthma were discussed. Three types of asthmatic reactions occur in occupational settings: IgE mediated reactions, direct irritation of the tracheal bronchial tree, and pharmacologic reaction with release of histamine. The most common agents related to occupational asthma include inorganic agents such as ammonia (7664417), osmium-oxide (20816120), nickel (7440020) salts, platinum (7440064) salts, phenyl-glycine (2835065), tungsten (7440337) salts, and solder fluxes; organic dusts such as castor-bean, cotton dust, coffee bean, flour dust, grain dust, and wood dusts; hydrocarbons such as ethylenediamine (107153), halogenated hydrocarbons, trichlorethanes, and urea-formaldehyde; and miscellaneous causes such as ampicillin; amprolium-HCE, enzymes, organophosphate insecticides, piperazine, spiramycin, and egg protein; vinyl plastic derivatives such as polyvinyl-chloride (9002862); and plastics/styrenics such as polystyrene resins. Recommended treatment included administration of oral theophylline and/or beta sympatomimetic agents and/or hand nebulizer therapy. While the prognosis was generally favorable, chronic bronchial asthma could ensue if the patient was not removed from the precipitating occupational environment. KEYWORDS: DCN-209656 Occupational medicine Clinical pathology Clinical symptoms Respiratory system disorders Occupational diseases Bronchial asthma Lung disorders Medical treatment Pulmonary disorders Occupational exposure Worker health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-41-7 7664-41-7 20816-12-0 7440-02-0 7440-06-4 2835-06-5 7440-33-7 107-15-3 9002-86-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199305 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00208625 601 TITLE: When Emergency Lighting is not Routine AUTHORS: Peterson WA

SOURCE: Lighting Design and Application, Vol. 7, No. 4, pages 22-24, 19771977 ABSTRACT: Emergency lighting in special situations is reviewed. Special situations are considered, such as stairwells in schools, retail stores, building exteriors, areas with corrosive fumes in the atmosphere, explosion prone dusts or materials, mental hospitals, correctional institutions, and cold areas such as meat packing facilities. A diffuser on a tungsten-halogen lamp unit that is impervious to corrosives and protects from vandals, and an explosion proof unit with a special housing for the lamp, battery, and charger system are illustrated. Illumination of specific areas is discussed: areas of potential pilferage, cash handling, and perimeter lighting for safety and as a crime deterrent. The use of plastic housings to seal lamps used in corrosive environments and the need for the design of explosion proof lamps to fit individual requirements in explosive situations is presented. The problem of vandalism and the need to protect inmates in correctional and mental institutions is resolved by the installation of self contained vandal proof lighting systems or the use of vandal proof fixtures connected to a remote and protected battery using only sealed battery units. Cold applications are discussed with their need for larger than normal batteries, and the need for shatterproof lamps in meat packing facilities. The author concludes that manufacturers are doing a good job in meeting the requirements for special emergency lighting applications. KEYWORDS: DCN-119499 Lighting Emergency lighting Lighting systems Industrial environment Emergency equipment Industrial safety Industrial hygiene Meat packing industry Mechanics ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00131492 602 TITLE: THE HEAVY METAL-BINDING PEPTIDES OF PLANTS AUTHORS: STEFFENS JC SOURCE: BRIGGS, W. R. (ED.). ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, VOL. 41. X+618P. ANNUAL REVIEWS INC.: PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA, USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-8243-0641-4.; 0 (0). 1990. 553-576.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW METAL TOXICITY PHYTOCHELATIN METALLOTHIONEIN GAMMA GLUTAMYL PEPTIDE GLUTATHIONE TOLERANCE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARPBE ENTRY MONTH: 199010 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/24304 603 TITLE: Airborne particles from motor-vehicle traveling. AUTHORS: MIZOHATA A ITO N

SOURCE: ANNU REP OSAKA PREFECT RADIAT RES INST; 30 (0). 1990. 29-44. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Airborne particles generated by motor-vehicle traveling were measured in the expressway tunnel. Airborne particles were collected in the tunnel from 15:00 on November 18 to 12:00 on November 30, 1981, and 95 samples of every 3 hours were obtained. Number of passing motor-vehicle per 3 hours changed by 189 to 3498 vehicles and the rate of large-sized vehicles by 9.5 to 86.3%. Concentrations of 35 elements for each sample were determined by EDXFA and INAA. Emission rate of airborne particles and various elements for each sample were calculated on basis of experimental results. There was meaningful positive correlation between emission rate and the rate of large-sized vehicles for airborne particles and most of elements analyzed. Especially, correlation coefficients of airborne particles and sulfur were 0.91 and 0.94, respectively. Emission rate of these increased in proportion to the rate of large-sized vehicles. Estimated emission factor of airborne particles for large-s MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 8006-61-9 8006-61-9 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-58-6

7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AROIE ENTRY MONTH: 199011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/25316 604 TITLE: Geochemical study of fumarolic condensates from Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (USA). AUTHORS: BARNARD WM HALBIG JB FOUNTAIN JC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Geosci., State Univ. of New York Coll. at Fredonia, Fredonia, New York 14063. SOURCE: PAC SCI; 44 (3). 1990. 197-206.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Results of a geochemical study based on 20 samples of condensates obtained between late December 1987 and early January 1989 at five fumarole sites on or near the summit of Kilauea Volcano, island of Hawaii, are presented. Fumarole chemistry may be explicable in terms of the currently accepted model of Kilauea and its mechanisms of magma replenishment and storage, degassing, and eruptive activity; it may have potential for forecasting eruptions. Fumaroles emit magmatic and recycled gases and aerosols that enter into Earth's exchangeable reservoirs and which have a potential harmful impact on health and the environment through release of toxic materials and creation of precipitation and vog of acidic character. Condensates from fumaroles were analyzed by neutron activation/gamma-ray spectroscopy. Concentrations of 28 elements are tabulated and statistically analyzed. Seven elements (As, Ba, K, Sc, Se, U, and W) were in concentration less than their detection limits; 10 e MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7

7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-09-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PASCA ENTRY MONTH: 199011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/25509 605 TITLE: Respiratory Hazards in Hard Metal Workers: A Cross Sectional Study AUTHORS: Meyer-Bisch C Pham QT Mur J-M Massin N Moulin JJ Teculescu D Carton B Pierre F Baruthio F SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 46, No. 5, pages 302-309, 36 references, 1989 ABSTRACT: A cross sectional survey was conducted using a group of 425 workers (74 women) who were exposed to hard metal dusts on the job at three metal processing facilities. A group of 88 comparisons (19 women) from other departments was also studied. A questionnaire was administered, a clinical examination was conducted, and tests were carried out, including the steady state carbon-monoxide (CO) test, single breath oxygen test, single breath CO test, forced expiratory tests, and a test of bronchial hyperreactivity. A pulmonary radiograph was read, urine samples were analyzed, and dust samples collected in the workshops were analyzed for cobalt (7440484) and tungsten (7440337). Symptoms of respiratory difficulties were more common among the employees engaged in soft powder and presintering workshop activities. Women in sintering and finishing workshops demonstrated more spirometric abnormalities than comparison women. The duration of exposure and age adjusted lung function tests did

not appear related. Pulmonary symptoms and functional abnormalities were relatively mild among the exposed population. However, abnormalities of pulmonary radiographs associated with functional disturbances were more often found in the exposed workers, suggesting that some risk of fibrosis may exist and may be more frequent than that previously suspected in asymptomatic subjects. The authors urge the regular supervision of workers exposed to hard metal dust. KEYWORDS: DCN-183862 Pulmonary system disorders Pulmonary function tests Metalworking Dust inhalation Metalworking industry Hard metals Metallurgical processes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00188412 606 TITLE: Relationships Among Concentrations of Airborne Metals in Industrial Districts AUTHORS: Jagielak J Mamont-Ciesla K SOURCE: Journal of Radioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 52, No. 2, pages 461-470, 15 references, 19791979 ABSTRACT: Atmospheric concentrations in industrial areas were calculated as a means of determining industrial sources of air pollution. Airborne metal concentrations were measured in two industrial districts of Poland, Siersza and Zeran. Atmospheric dust samples were collected on a fibrous filter and 27 metals were analyzed by neutron activation analysis with 6 metals being analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis. Measurements were made from 45 samples taken over a 3 year period in Siersza and from 52 samples taken over a 2 year period in Zeran. Mean concentrations were measured. The mean concentration of iron (7439896) (Fe) was 4800 nanograms per cubic meter (ng/m3) in Zeran and 9800ng/m3 in Siersza. Uranium (7440611) was not found in the atmosphere of Zeran, but was found to be 2.1ng/m3 in the atmosphere of Siersza. To describe the range of

variation in the concentration of a metal, the coefficient of variation was calculated. Linear regression analysis was calculated for each pair of the elements. Metal pairings with the highest correlation factor were reported. These pairings were tied to the composition of dust from certain industrial facilities. The authors conclude that statistical methods can be used as a basis for the tracing of atmospheric dust pollution to industrial facilities. The method indicates that power stations are responsible for atmospheric pollution by thorium (7440291), uranium, cobalt (7440484), and scandium (7440202) and that steel works produce the atmospheric dust concentrations of Fe, chromium (7440473), tungsten (7440337), zinc (7440666), and lead (7439921). KEYWORDS: DCN-120812 Atmosphere analyzers Radiochemical analysis Industrial hygiene Dust exposure Analytical methods Radiochemistry Quantitative analysis Sampling methods Pollutants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 7439-89-6 7440-61-1 7440-29-1 7440-48-4 7440-20-2 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 7439-92-1 CODEN: JRACBN ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00133124 607 TITLE: PERCUTANEOUS PENETRATION OF HAIR DYES AUTHORS: WOLFRAM LJ MAIBACH HI SOURCE: ARCH DERMATOL RES; 277 (3). 1985. 235-241. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RHESUS MONKEY HUMAN CARBON-14

RADIOTRACER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS DIAGNOSIS SKIN SKIN/PHYSIOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PRIMATES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Integumentary System-General Integumentary System-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-General Developmental Biology-Embryology-Pathological Cercopithecidae Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 5307-14-2 5307-14-2 2835-95-2 2784-94-3 615-05-4 119-34-6 108-46-3 106-50-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ADRED ENTRY MONTH: 198507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/01133 608 TITLE: METHANOBACTERIUM-WOLFEI NEW-SPECIES A NEW TUNGSTEN-REQUIRING THERMOPHILIC AUTOTROPHIC METHANOGEN AUTHORS: WINTER J LERP C ZABEL H-P WILDENAUER FX

KOENIG H SCHINDLER F SOURCE: SYST APPL MICROBIOL; 5 (4). 1984 (RECD. 1985). 457-466. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM METHANOBACTERIUM-THERMOAUTOTROPHICUM SEWAGE SLUDGE RIVER SEDIMENT DNA PSEUDOMUREIN GROWTH METABOLISM MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/CLASSIFICATION TERMINOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TEMPERATURE HEAT HEATING METABOLISM ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS THERMOGRAPHY/METHODS BACTERIA/CLASSIFICATION BACTERIA/CYTOLOGY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES METHANOBACTERIACEAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Taxonomy Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules External Effects-Temperature as a Primary Variable (1971- ) External Effects-Temperature as a Primary Variable-Hot (1971- ) Metabolism-General Metabolism

Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Nutrition-General Studies Nutrition-Minerals Temperature: Its Measurement Bacteriology Morphology and Cytology of Bacteria Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Methanobacteriaceae (1979- ) LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SAMID ENTRY MONTH: 198508 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/02137 609 TITLE: EFFECTS OF MOUNT PLEASANT TUNGSTEN MINE CANADA EFFLUENT ON BIOTA OF HATCH BROOK AUTHORS: MARTIN JD SOURCE: CAN MANUSCR REP FISH AQUAT SCI; 0 (1805). 1985. I-III, 1-7. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS RHINICHTHYS-ATRATULUS SEMOTILUS-MARGARITA CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI DIPTERA EPHEMEROPTERA PLECOPTERA BENTHIC ELECTROFISHING NEW-BRUNSWICK CANADA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER ELECTRICITY GRAVITATION MAGNETICS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMAL INSECTS/PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY DIPTERA

INSECTS INSECTS FISHES KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology External Effects-Electric Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Invertebrata Diptera Ephemeroptera Plecoptera Osteichthyes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CMRSD ENTRY MONTH: 198509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/05652 610 TITLE: Chromosome Aberrations in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Welders and Characterization of Their Exposure by Biological Samples Analysis AUTHORS: Elias Z Mur J-M Pierre F Gilgenkrantz S Schneider O Baruthio F Daniere M-C Fontana J-M SOURCE: Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 31, No. 5, pages 477-483, 50 references, 1989 ABSTRACT: The frequency of chromosomal aberrations occurring in blood lymphocytes of male welders was studied. Fifty five welders were classified into three groups according to welding technique and type of metals and consumables welded. Each was matched with a referent subject based on age, socioeconomic status, and smoking habits. Concentrations of nickel (7440020) (Ni), chromium (7440473) (Cr), and manganese (7439965) (Mn) were determined from venous blood serum and acid washed urine samples. For

each person, lymphocyte cell cultures were examined to determine the percentage of cells with at least one aberration, the proportion of each aberration type, and the percentage of total aberrations. Mean serum and urine concentrations of Ni, Cr, and Mn were significantly higher in welders than in the referents. Chromosomal aberrations in both study and referent groups were most frequently of the chromatid type, and most commonly of chromatid gaps. Compared to the referent group, all welders demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations. The group of welders exposed to iron (7439896) (Fe) and Mn through the manual metal arc process showed no significant difference in aberrations when compared to the referent group. The overall proportion of aberration and the proportion of cells with aberrations were significantly increased in the group of welders exposed to Fe, Mn, and Ni through using the metal active gas process. The welder group exposed to Fe, Mn, Cr, and Ni from using the tungsten inert gas process showed a significantly higher frequency of chromatid gaps. No significant associations were found between chromosomal abnormalities and occupational length or concentrations of metals in urine or serum. Smokers in the study and referent groups demonstrated more chromosomal abnormalities than nonsmokers, but these differences were not significant. KEYWORDS: DCN-184590 Arc welders Arc welding Chromium compounds Chromosome damage Clastogens Gas welders Iron compounds Manganese compounds Metal workers Metallic fumes Welding industry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-02-0 7440-02-0 7440-47-3 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 CODEN: JOCMA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00189175 611 TITLE: SELECTIVE SHIELDING OF A P-SILICON DETECTOR FOR QUALITY INDEPENDENCE AUTHORS: RIKNER G GRUSELL E

SOURCE: ACTA RADIOL ONCOL; 24 (1). 1985. 65-70. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM COBALT RADIATION WOLFRAM POWDER EPOXY RESIN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS COMPARATIVE STUDY PATHOLOGY THERAPEUTICS KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Pathology Pathology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Therapeutic Agents CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AROBD ENTRY MONTH: 198509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/05743 612 TITLE: THE EFFECT OF TRACE ELEMENTS ON THE PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY OF AN ANAEROBIC FIXED FILM REACTOR TREATING A PETROCHEMICAL EFFLUENT AUTHORS: NEL LH BRITZ TJ LATEGAN PM SOURCE: WATER S A (PRETORIA); 11 (3). 1985. 107-110.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MICROBIOLOGY SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Bioengineering Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Microorganisms Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7440-42-8 7440-33-7 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WASAD ENTRY MONTH: 198511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/85/12432 613

TITLE: ACCUMULATION OF POLLUTANTS IN MESQUITE FOLIAGE DURING OPERATIONAL AND NON-OPERATIONAL PERIODS OF A COPPER SMELTER AUTHORS: GABRIEL IE PATTEN DT SOURCE: 75TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA ON PERSPECTIVES IN ECOLOGY: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE, SNOWBIRD, UTAH, USA, JULY 29-AUGUST 2, 1990. BULL ECOL SOC AM; 71 (2 SUPPL.). 1990. 161-162. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT PROSOPIS-JULIFLORA MORPHOLOGICAL DAMAGE LEAF ADSORPTION ABSORPTION FREE GROWTH PERIOD 28 PLUME ELEMENTS HEAVY METAL ARIZONA USA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER LEGUMES KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Morphology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Leguminosae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-74-6 7440-74-6 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2

7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BECLA ENTRY MONTH: 199011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/27249 614 TITLE: Characterization of the Morphological Properties of Welding Fume Particles by Transmission Electron Microscopy and Digital Image Analysis AUTHORS: Farrants G Schuler B Karlsen J Reith A Langard S SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 50, No. 9, pages 473-479, 13 references, 1989 ABSTRACT: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and automatic image analysis (AIA) were used to determine the morphological characteristics of welding fume particles passing through the breathing zone of two welders. A simple, direct method was devised for the collection of particles from air samples for TEM and AIA. This method called for the fixing of electron microscope grids to Nucleopore filters with carbon cement and pumping the air to be sampled through the filters. The method was reproducible, allowed a wide range of operator control, and interfered only minimally with working procedures. One of the welders used the tungsten inert gas (TIG) technique at a current of 80 amps and a voltage of 14 volts. The other welder used the manual metal arc (MMA) technique at 65 amps and 22 volts. The stationary unit doing the air sampling was placed at some distance from the welding locations. The morphological parameters allowed the welding fume particulate matter to be divided into three types: small, medium, and large. The distinction between medium and large was somewhat

unclear. Medium and large particles occurred either as individual particles or as clusters of approximately spherical particles with average diameters of 0.07 and 0.15 micrometers. The small particles were almost exclusively long chains or lace like aggregates of particles, often in the range of 5 to 10 micrometers. The aggregates were composed of several hundred individual particles. KEYWORDS: DCN-186038 Analytical methods Measurement equipment Air sampling equipment Welding industry Particulate sampling methods Airborne particles Arc welding CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00190606 615 TITLE: Copper in soil samples downslope from copper-tungsten mine tailings, Cleora District, Chaffee County, Colorado (USA). AUTHORS: CEPEDA JC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Geosci., Killgore Res. Cent., West Texas State Univ., Canyon, Tex. 79016. SOURCE: TEX J SCI; 38 (1). 1986. 59-64. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Soil surface contamination by piles of tailings in old mining districts is a function of climate, mobility of metallic elements in the tailings, slope, and age of the tailings. In this study, soil samples were collected at depths of 10 and 20 centimeters. Two size fractions, 30-60 mesh and less than 60 mesh, were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after hot acid digestion. In the Cleora District, Chaffee County, Colorado, 80- to 100-year-old piles of tailings with more than 1000 parts per million copper showed a well-defined contamination trace up to 50 to 60 meters from the source. Background values of copper content in soils in the area ranged from 20 to 100 parts per million. Forty to 60-year-old tailings showed a negligible amount of contamination at all depths and size fractions investigated. The small, well-defined dispersion trains defined by this study suggest that geochemical prospecting in exploited areas is a viable technique if the mobility of sp

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TJSCA ENTRY MONTH: 198608 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/21136 616 TITLE: Simultaneous determination of trace elements in lavage fluids from human bronchial alveoli by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence: 2. Determination of abnormal lavage contents and verification of the results. AUTHORS: MAIER EA DIETEMANN-MOLARD A RASTEGAR F HEIMBURGER R RUCH C MAIER A ROEGEL E LEROY M JF AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ecole Nationale Superieure Chimie, Laboratoire Chimie Minerale, U.A. 405 C.N.R.S., 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France. SOURCE: CLIN CHEM; 32 (4). 1986. 664-668. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We applied energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence to the determination of abnormally present elements or abnormal concentrations of elements in human broncho-alveolar lavage fluids. The low detection limits and the ability to perform multi-elemental analysis permit one to establish or confirm occupational exposure of workers. We also describe different methods used to check our method and our results. We report examples of abnormal compositions of broncho-alveolar lavages containing W, Ce, La, Nd, I, Fe, or Ni. We discuss the limits of the method for characterizing silicosis or asbestosis. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 7553-56-2 7440-46-2 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8

7439-91-0 7439-89-6 1332-21-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CLCHA ENTRY MONTH: 198608 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/21175 617 TITLE: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT MORTALITY STUDY OF A PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER PRODUCTION FACILITY AUTHORS: STAYNER LT MEINHARDT T LEMEN R BAYLISS D HERRICK R REEVE GR SMITH AB HALPERIN W SOURCE: ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH; 40 (3). 1985. 133-138. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN WORKERS LUNG CANCER RADON DAUGHTER EXPOSURE OCCUPATIONALLY RELATED DISEASE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION BIOCHEMISTRY NECROSIS/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES NEOPLASMS/METABOLISM OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Biochemistry Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16984-48-8 16984-48-8 15735-67-8 15422-74-9 15067-28-4 14859-67-7 14733-03-0 14265-44-2 7664-93-9 7664-38-2 7440-61-1 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AEHLA ENTRY MONTH: 198601 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/00597 618 TITLE: Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors for Atmospheric Gas Monitoring. A Review AUTHORS: Fox CG Alder JF SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 114, No. 9, pages 997-1004, 30 references, 1989 ABSTRACT: The use of surface acoustic wave sensors (SAWs) for atmospheric gas monitoring was reviewed and the development of SAWs technology considered. The design of a SAW was described. A typical SAW consists of interdigital transducers (IDTs) used as receivers and transmitter electrodes photolithographically etched on the surface of a quartz chip or a chip of some other piezoelectric material. An input radiofrequency (RF) voltage is applied across the transmitting IDTs generating deformities in the piezoelectric substrate which give rise to a Rayleigh surface wave. The energy of the wave is converted into an output RF voltage by the receiver IDTs. The input and output are connected by way of an RF amplifier which causes the circuit to oscillate. The frequency of oscillation depends on the IDT geometry and surface wave velocity. When a substance such as a

gas is adsorbed on the surface a shift in the SAW oscillation frequency occurs. The mass of the adsorbate is proportional to the frequency shift. State of the art SAWs that can be used in analytical applications were described. The theory of SAW function and recent applications of SAWs to gas detection were considered. SAWs have been applied successfully to detecting many gases and vapors. For example, SAWs consisting of a lithium-niobate substrate coated with triethanolamine and tungsten(VI)-oxide have been used to detect sulfur-dioxide and hydrogen-sulfide. Detection limits for sulfur-dioxide have been as low as 70 parts per billion. Adsorbed water vapor and variations in temperature and pressure have been problems. It was noted that the effects of humidity and changes in temperature and pressure can be countered by developing correction algorithms. The characteristics of SAWs and bulk wave devices utilizing piezoelectric crystals were compared. SAWs are more readily miniaturized and more sensitive than the piezoelectric crystals and can be readily adapted to measuring multicomponent gas mixtures. KEYWORDS: DCN-187036 Gas detectors Equipment design Electronic devices Monitoring systems Surface properties Equipment reliability Electromechanical systems CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00191617 619 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN LICHENS NEAR A COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT AUTHORS: OLMEZ I GULOVALI MC GORDON GE SOURCE: ATMOS ENVIRON; 19 (10). 1985. 1663-1670. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM PARMELIA-CAPERATA PARMELIA-REDECTA AIR POLLUTION INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS IMPACTION DRY DEPOSITION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY

GASES BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS MOVEMENT METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER LICHENS KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Movement (1971- ) Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6

7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-09-7 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ATENB ENTRY MONTH: 198602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/04328 620 TITLE: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY IN A HARD METAL FACTORY AUTHORS: HALLOY JL LAGASSE R BOSSYROI JM BAJOREK E VANDE WEYER R SOURCE: ACCP'S (AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CHEST PHYSICIANS) 56TH ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC ASSEMBLY, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, OCTOBER 22-26, 1990. CHEST; 98 (2 SUPPL.). 1990. 68S. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN MALE COBALT CHROMIUM TUNGSTEN NICKEL COPPER ALVEOLITIS ASTHMA ALLERGOLOGICAL TEST RESPIRATORY TEST MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS

RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS SKIN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Social Biology Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Pathology Pathology Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Integumentary System-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CHETB ENTRY MONTH: 199101 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/33900 621 TITLE: Use of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Assessing Trace Element Contamination in Blood Sampling Devices AUTHORS: Paudyn A

Templeton DM Baines AD SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 89, pages 343-352, 14 references, 1989 ABSTRACT: The screening of blood sample collection vessels for numerous trace elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) was discussed. Plasma conditions and quadrupole parameters were optimized for each class of element tested. Solutions of 1000mg/ml test element were prepared and standardized, as were standard mixtures in concentrations of 1 to 20 micrograms per liter in distilled deionized water or 0.7 percent nitric-acid. Blood sampling containers and devices included collection tubes, stainless steel needles, and Teflon catheters. Collection tube contamination was assessed by shaking water in tube for 5 minutes and allowing filled tubes to stand for 2 to 5 hours. Needles and catheters were evaluated by placing them in water for 5 minutes. Detection limits by ICPMS ranged from 0.01 to 0.1 nanomoles per liter (nmol/l) for cobalt and cesium, to greater than 100nmol/l for aluminum. Interbatch differences in contamination levels were observed for numerous elements, including cadmium, manganese, lead, nickel, and tin. Elements leached into water from the collection tubes included lithium, manganese, and lead (all brands tested); barium, tin, and strontium (glass tubes); and, cesium, platinum, and tungsten (plastic tubes). Most of these elements were in low concentrations. Tubes containing EDTA had higher levels of aluminum as well as contamination with lithium. Stainless steel needles had increased levels of copper, manganese, and zinc, while teflon catheters did not demonstrate this effect. Plastic collection tubes contained elevated levels only of lead and antimony. The authors conclude that ICPMS can be used to screen for a large number of trace elements. KEYWORDS: DCN-189599 Analytical methods Mass spectrometry Biochemical analysis Blood sampling Chemical analysis Laboratory techniques Screening methods Sampling methods Trace analysis CODEN: STENDL ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00194211 622 TITLE: A Pattern Of Urinary Mercury Excretion In Workers Exposed To Mercury Vapor Of Relatively Low And Constant Concentration

AUTHORS: Nakayama E Momotani H Ishizu S SOURCE: Developments in Toxicology and Environmental Science, Vol. 1, Clinical Chemistry and Chemical Toxicology of Metals, pages 209-212, 19771977 ABSTRACT: A survey of the pattern of urinary mercury (7439976) excretion in workers exposed to low mercury concentrations was conducted. Urinary mercury concentrations were determined in 8 mercury workers, 7 former mercury workers, and 41 workers not exposed to mercury in a tungsten wire manufacturing (SIC-3356). Mercury electrodes were used in the production process. Urinary mercury concentrations were measured at various times of the day during the summer and winter. The mercury content of the samples relative to the urine volume was investigated. Environmental and personal sampling for mercury vapor was conducted. Environmental mercury concentrations ranged from 0.012 to 0.207 milligram per cubic meter (mg/m3) in areas where mercury was used and from 0.003 to 0.012mg/m3 in areas where mercury was not used. Personal samples in the areas where mercury was used contained 0.029 to 0.033mg/m3 mercury. Average summer concentrations of urinary mercury in the current mercury workers, retired mercury workers, and unexposed workers were 403, 210, and 119 micrograms per liter (microg/l), respectively. Daytime mercury concentrations in the mercury workers in summer and winter averaged approximately 180 and 140microg/l, respectively. Night time summer and winter mercury concentrations averaged 120 and 150microg/l, respectively, in the active mercury workers. Urinary mercury content was significantly correlated with urine volume up to about 400 milliliters (ml). At volumes greater than 400ml, mercury content tended to plateau. The authors conclude that urinary mercury concentrations can fluctuate over a wide range. There appears to be a plateau of mercury excretion in relation to urine volume that depends on environmental mercury concentrations. KEYWORDS: DCN-134265 Vapors Exposure limits Trace metals Toxicology Trace substances Toxic effects Exposure methods Toxic materials Exposure levels Vapor detectors Trace analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-97-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00147341 623 TITLE: MUTAGENICITY OF SOLUBLE METAL SALTS USING THE V-79 HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE MUTATION ASSAY AUTHORS: ZELIKOFF JT ATKINS N ROSSMAN TG SOURCE: SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOCIETY, BALTIMORE, MD., USA, APR. 9-13, 1986. ENVIRON MUTAGEN; 8 (SUPPL. 6). 1986. 95. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT ARSENIC CHROMIUM MAGNESIUM MANGANESE MOLYBDENUM NICKEL LEAD ZINC TUNGSTEN METAL POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY ANIMALS/GENETICS NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS ENZYMES/ANALYSIS MINERALS/METABOLISM NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CULTURE MEDIA TISSUE CULTURE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Methods Metabolism-Minerals Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Tissue Culture Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENMUD ENTRY MONTH: 198609 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/27802 624 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. MHETA-89-062-2004, Dowty Corporation's Welding Shop, Warrendale, Pennsylvania AUTHORS: Kullman GJ SOURCE: Mining Hazard Evaluation and Technical Assistance Program, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Morgantown, West Virginia, Report No. MHETA-89-062-2004, 28 pages, 17 references, 1989 ABSTRACT: In response to a request from the United Metal Workers of America, an investigation was made of possible health hazards existing at the Dowty Corporation's welding shop (SIC-1211), Warrendale, Pennsylvania. About 100 workers on two shifts were involved in building and repairing longwall coal mining equipment. Operations included arc gouging, cutting, shielded metal arc welding, and tungsten inert gas welding. Two paint spray booths were situated adjacent to the welding operations. Worker exposures to 11 metals and elements were well below the allowable standards. Exposures to gases commonly generated by welding operations were likewise below limits. While there were no areas where exposures were greater than the allowable limits, the ventilation system was in places less than optimal and did allow a greater exposure to fumes than would have occurred had it been working up to level. One worker's exposure level for arsenic (7440382) exceeded the NIOSH 0.002mg/m3 ceiling exposure limit. In one area, exposure to perchloroethylene (127184) did exceed the lowest feasible limit for a potential carcinogen. The author concludes that worker exposures to welding fumes and organic solvents did not exceed permissible

exposure limits. The author recommends measures to reduce worker exposure to solvents and welding fumes. KEYWORDS: DCN-189877 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report MHETA 89 062 2004 Hazard Unconfirmed Region 3 Welders Metal workers Paint spraying Organic solvents Acid mists CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-38-2 7440-38-2 127-18-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00194409 625 TITLE: MICROORGANISMS IN WATERS COMING INTO CONTACT WITH DUMP SITES OF QUARTZ-SULFIDE-TUNGSTEN ORE DRESSING AUTHORS: CHASHCHINA NM KUKHARCHUK LE SHCHUKINA TM SOURCE: EKOLOGIYA; 0 (2). 1986. 17-22. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM THIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS THIOBACILLUS-THIOOXIDANS THIOBACILLUS-THIOPARUS THIOBACILLUS-TRAUTWEINII THIOBACILLUS-NOVELLUS THIOBACILLUS-DENITRIFICANS MINERAL EROSION SULFATE IONS USSR LEACHING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/CLASSIFICATION

SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY SULFUR-REDUCING BACTERIA KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Bacteriology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Sulfur metabolizing organisms (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18496-25-8 18496-25-8 14808-79-8 14808-60-7 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: EKIAA ENTRY MONTH: 198611 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/31915 626 TITLE: OBTAINING PROCESSING DECONTAMINATION AND RECYCLING OF METALS AUTHORS: MICHAELIS H SOURCE: MERIAN, E. (ED.). METALLE IN DER UMWELT: VERTEILUNG, ANALYTIK UND BIOLOGISCHE RELEVANZ (METALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT: DISTRIBUTION, ANALYSIS AND BIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE). XVII+722P. VCH VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT-VERLAG: WEINHEIM, WEST GERMANY; DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA., USA. ILLUS. ISBN 3-527-25817-5.; 0 (0). 1984 (RECD. 1986). 11-20. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM INDUSTRIAL WASTE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18496-25-8 18496-25-8 17306-35-3 14996-02-2 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7704-34-9 7440-74-6 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-56-4 7440-54-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-22-4 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-59-8 1327-53-3 1309-36-0

420-04-2 LANGUAGE: ger CODEN: 23450 ENTRY MONTH: 198612 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/86/36492 627 TITLE: DISOMIC AND DIPLOID MEIOTIC PRODUCTS INDUCED IN SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE BY THE SALTS OF 27 ELEMENTS AUTHORS: SORA S AGOSTONI CARBONE ML MAGNI GE SOURCE: MUTAGENESIS; 1 (1). 1986. 21-28. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RECOMBINATION FREQUENCY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY GENETICS CYTOGENETICS PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/GENETICS MINERALS ASCOMYCOTA KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Plant Genetics and Cytogenetics-General Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Ascomycetes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9

7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUTAE ENTRY MONTH: 198701 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/01068 628 TITLE: Heat-Induced Finger Vasoconstriction Controlled by Skin Sympathetic Nerve Activity AUTHORS: Nagasaka T Hirata K Mano T Iwase S Rossetti Y SOURCE: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 68, No. 1, pages 71-75, 26 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: The authors attempt to confirm that heat induced vasoconstriction of finger arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) is a response controlled by the efferent sympathetic nerves to the skin. Nine healthy male volunteers participated in the study. The subjects sat with one hand immersed in a water bath in which the temperature was raised every 10 minutes by 2 degree steps from 35 or 37 to 41 degrees-C. During the summer months the tests were conducted in rooms in which the ambient temperature was 28 to 32 degrees-C. The subjects wore summer clothes. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure finger blood flow through vessels located deep in the skin. A tungsten microelectrode skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSA) was

used to record directly from the median nerve at the wrist or antecubital fossa of the tested arm. The finger blood flow decreased with finger vessels already dilated at the beginning temperatures of 35 or 37 degrees-C. An anesthetic blockade of the median nerve at the site proximal, but not distal, to the recording site, blocked responses to the step rise in temperature in the SSA bursts and in finger blood flow in one subject. The authors conclude that with the subject in a warm state, blood vessels of the finger respond to local heating with vasoconstriction and this finger vasoconstriction is evoked reflexively, largely through the increased sympathetic outflow to the resistance vessels of the finger. KEYWORDS: DCN-190161 Nervous system Heat exposure Thermoregulation Skin exposure Skin sensitivity Cardiovascular system Blood vessels Temperature effects CODEN: JAPHEV ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00194702 629 TITLE: Methods Of Irradiating Biological Objects And Results Of Dosimetry Onboard The Kosmos-690 Biosatellite AUTHORS: Akatov YuA Ignatov IV Kolodin AV Kuzin RA Popov VI Seliverstov LN Semenov VG Sychkov MA Yurgov VV SOURCE: Kosmicheskaya Biologiya i Aviakosmicheskaya Meditsina, No. 4, pages 35-41, 2 references, 19781978 ABSTRACT: A method for attaining uniform irradiation of biological specimens aboard satellites was studied. Twenty five rats were exposed to gamma radiation from a cesium (7440462) point source. The irradiating unit consisted of a spherical container made of a tungsten (7440337) alloy on top of the satellite, 580 millimeters from the rat cages. Shutters could be moved on the container, forming a collimator for the source with an aperture angle

of 120 degrees. Cylindrical rat cages were combined into seven units. Units 1 through 5 were situated in the direct path of radiation. Units 6 and 7, were outside the range of the direct beam. A dose equalizing filter made of steel was placed 300 millimeters from the radiation source. The thickness and configuration of the dose equalizing filter were adjustable to provide optimum uniformity of the dose field. The dose field was measured by a spherical ionization chamber and by thermoluminescent dosimeters with lithium-fluoride (7789244). Dosimeters were placed in grooves of rat phantoms of tissue equivalent plastic at different points within units 1 through 7. Spectral measurements were made with a scintillation spectrometer. On day 10 of the flight of the satellite, the irradiation unit was turned on for 24 hours. The share of scattered gamma rays in the dose of the center of the field constituted about 80 percent. The spectrum of radiation was harder along the edge of the dose field. The share of scattered radiation in the overall dose was 40 percent. The mean dose in the field for the animals in units 1 through 5 was about 800 rads, with a range of plus or minus 85 rads. The mean dose in units 6 and 7 was about 220 rads. The mean daily dose constituted 20 millirads per day with the radiation unit in closed position. The authors conclude that the system performed reliably and presented no radiation hazard during flight. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-138152 TRANS Biological effects Air transportation Environmental control Medicinal chemicals Environmental factors Metabolism Analytical models Chemical hypersensitivity Space physiology Aerospace engineering Biology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-46-2 7440-46-2 7440-33-7 7789-24-4 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00151984 630 TITLE: Xanthine Oxidase Is Increased and Contributes to Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury AUTHORS: Waintrub ML Terada LS

Beehler CJ Anderson BO Leff JA Repine JE SOURCE: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 68, No. 4, pages 1755-1757, 20 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: The role of xanthine-oxidase (XO) in paraquat (4685147) induced acute lung injury was investigated in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley-rats were fed diets supplemented with 0 or 0.7 grams per kilogram sodium-tungstate (13472452) for 3 to 4 weeks. Rats were then injected intravenously (iv) with 0 to 60mg/kg paraquat. Some rats were killed 2 hours later and the lungs were removed and assayed for XO and xanthine-dehydrogenase (XD) activity. Other rats were injected iv with iodine-125 (I-125) tagged albumin. One hour later rats were killed and the lungs were removed. The extent of lung injury was assessed by measuring uptake of I-125 tagged albumin. Paraquat did not significantly affect total lung XO plus XD activity. XD activity was significantly decreased and XO activity significantly increased. The lungs from rats fed sodium-tungstate had negligible XO and XO plus XD activity. Paraquat induced significant increases in pulmonary uptake of I-125 labeled albumin. Uptake of radiolabeled albumin was significantly decreased in paraquat treated rats that had been fed sodium-tungstate. The authors conclude that paraquat induced lung injury appears to involve XO dependent reactions. KEYWORDS: DCN-191327 In vivo studies Laboratory animals Herbicides Organo nitrogen compounds Dietary effects Tungsten compounds Enzyme activity Biochemical indicators CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 4685-14-7 4685-14-7 13472-45-2 CODEN: JAPHEV ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00195879 631 TITLE: TRACE METAL LUNG DISEASE HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS A CASE REPORT AUTHORS:

EDEL J PIETRA R SABBIONI E RIZZATO G SPEZIALI M SOURCE: NORDIC SYMPOSIUM ON METABOLISM OF TRACE ELEMENTS RELATED TO HUMAN DISEASES, LOEN, NORWAY, JUNE 10-13, 1985. ACTA PHARMACOL TOXICOL SUPPL; 59 (7). 1986. 52-55. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN WORKER CYTOSOL TANTALUM TUNGSTEN COBALT INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS PERIVASCULAR FIBROSIS PERIBRONCHIAL FIBROSIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Social Biology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air

Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: APTSA ENTRY MONTH: 198704 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/12055 632 TITLE: MAPPING TECHNIQUE BASED ON ELEMENTAL HAIR COMPOSITION DATA AUTHORS: ZHUK LI KIST AA SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES, GAITHERSBURG, MARYLAND, USA, 1989. BIOL TRACE ELEM RES; 26/27 (0). 1990. 307-320. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS SKIN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals

Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Integumentary System-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BTERD ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/07957 633 TITLE: PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND PIGMENTS IN THREE LOW ALKALINITY CONNECTED RESERVOIRS RECEIVING MINE WASTES AUTHORS: CABECADAS G BROGUEIRA MJ SOURCE: HYDROBIOLOGIA; 144 (2). 1987. 173-182. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY TOXICITY PHOTOSYNTHESIS CHLOROPHYLL A BIOMASS RESPIRATION MINERAL ADAPTATION TURBIDITY SEDIMENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY BILE PIGMENTS PORPHYRINS MINERALS ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PHOTOSYNTHESIS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS FERMENTATION PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM RESPIRATION ALGAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Porphyrins and Bile Pigments Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Soil Science-General Algae-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 1309-36-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HYDRB ENTRY MONTH: 198705 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/13936 634 TITLE: Semen Quality and Sex Hormones among Mild Steel and Stainless Steel Welders: A Cross Sectional Study AUTHORS: Bonde JP SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 47, No. 8, pages 508-514, 20 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: The effects of welding on the male reproductive system were investigated. Welders were sampled from six sites where manual metal arc, metal active gas, and/or metal inactive gas welding methods were used. Welders using the tungsten inert gas technique were selected as referents. Mild steel welders were divided into two exposure categories; high exposed workers who worked in mean fume concentrations of 4.7mg/m3, and low exposed workers who worked in mean fume concentrations of 3.2mg/m3. Stainless steel welders were exposed to a mean fume concentration of 1.3mg/m3. Interviews were used to elicit medical and occupational exposure history, reproductive experience, and life style. Three semen samples were obtained at monthly intervals and examined for volume, sperm count, motility, penetration, and cytology. Venous blood was obtained from hormone radioimmunoassay during the morning of the semen collection. A total of 35 stainless steel welders, 46 mild steel welders, and 54 referents participated. Mild steel welders revealed significantly decreased sperm count, proportion of normal forms, motility, and penetration, and increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone. A fume exposure dose response effect was observed. Stainless steel welders demonstrated a similar effect, but this was not statistically significant. The author concludes that mild steel welding is associated with an overall decrease in semen quality, and that a similar effect is possible in stainless steel welders. KEYWORDS: DCN-191410 Arc welders Employee exposure Gas welders Metal fumes Occupational exposure Reproductive effects Sexual reproduction Spermatozoa Stainless steel Time weighted average exposure CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00195964 635 TITLE: HYGIENIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF STANDARDIZATION OF CHEMICAL LEVELS IN DRINKING WATER ON THE BASIS OF HEAVY METALS AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG BORZUNOVA EA KHACHATUROVA AA SIDOROV SA SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (9). 1986 (RECD. 1987). 59-60. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN WATER POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 198705 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/15105 636 TITLE: INFLUENCE OF OIL-SOLUBLE SURFACTANTS UPON TWO-FLUID LIPID BRIDGE SYSTEMS AUTHORS: PINTER J SZEKELY AP WOLFRAM E SOURCE: COLLOIDS SURF; 22 (2-4). 1987. 291-300. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SOLID-LIQUID ADHESION TRANSADHESION BRIDGE-BREAKING MATHEMATICAL MODEL BIOPHYSICAL APPLICATIONS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY LIPIDS BIOPHYSICS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS CYBERNETICS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Lipids Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Biophysics-Biocybernetics (1972- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous Agronomy-General LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: COSUD ENTRY MONTH: 198706

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/15497 637 TITLE: Occupational Hazards from Non-Ionizing Radiation AUTHORS: Ely TS SOURCE: Occupational Safety and Health Symposia 1976, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Cincinnati, Ohio, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 77-179, pages 41-45, 19771977 ABSTRACT: Practical issues involving potential non ionizing radiation hazards occurring in the occupational setting were discussed, including hazards arising from arc welding, radio frequency heaters, incandescent filaments, gas discharge lamps, lasers, and electronic cardiac pacemakers. In arc welding the significant nonionizing radiation hazards result from those of the infrared, visible and ultraviolet spectrums with the classic hazard being ultraviolet keratoconjunctivitis, also known as flashed eyes. Overexposure to radio frequency (RF) power has occurred in glue heaters, plastic sealers and welders, and dryers. There are both direct biological consequences and indirect hazards such as influence on electronic cardiac pacemakers. One RF heater appearing in increasing numbers on the industrial scene is the microwave oven. When considering hazards from incandescent filaments, in addition to the hazard of whole body heating, the question of retinal hazard occasionally has arisen as well. Usually there is no hazard from a bulb with frosted glass or some other diffusing arrangement. The bare tungsten filament may be a retinal hazard. High temperature filament operation combined with an envelope transparent to ultraviolet rays such as quartz/halogen lamps emit potentially injurious amounts of ultraviolet rays and have caused burned and scratchy eyes. Gas discharge lamps have caused an ultraviolet hazard. No significant hazards have been attached to blacklights, low pressure mercury arc lamps. Lasers have been thoroughly regulated in attempts to control their obvious hazards. For persons with electronic cardiac pacemakers, counseling by the cardiologist or cardiac surgeon with respect to electromagnetic interference and potential sources of trouble on the job setting must be carried out. KEYWORDS: DCN-156801 NIOSH Publication Radiation hazards Arc welders Flash blindness Heating equipment Lighting systems Laser radiation Eye damage Nonionizing radiation Electromagnetic radiation ENTRY MONTH:

199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00168932 638 TITLE: Toxicity Of Industrial Cobalt Dust And Its Compounds AUTHORS: Kaplun ZS SOURCE: Tsvetnye Metally, Vol. 30, No. 9, pages 42-48, 11 references, 19571957 ABSTRACT: Data from periodic medical examinations of 247 cobalt (7440484) workers at two hard alloy production sites was analyzed. The principal complaints were disruption of appetite, nausea, heartburn, abdominal pains, and coughing, sometimes accompanied by phlegm discharges. During a medical examination of 117 workers, disorders of the upper respiratory tracts were present. Hypotonia was detected in 52 patients, as well as an increase in red blood cells among workers with a considerable length of service. Chronic bronchitis was diagnosed in 35 subjects and onset of pneumoscleroses was indicative for 33 others. While a sharp decrease in olfactory sense was detected in the majority of laborers who worked with cobalt, none of the subjects who worked with tungsten (7440337) alone displayed any disturbances in olfactory sensitivity. Decreased blood pressure was detected during the medical examination. Among workers engaged in the production of hard alloys, pulmonary dust related diseases were detected. The author recommends that when assessing job related health conditions for facilities at which the discharge of cobalt dust is possible, it is necessary to take the high toxicity of cobalt aerosol, cobalt oxides, and cobalt salts formed during certain operations into account. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-123278 TRANS Physiological response Biological effects Pathogenesis Toxic effects Clinical diagnosis Biological factors Histology Dust exposure Clinical symptoms CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1957 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00135392 639 TITLE: PULMONARY FINDINGS IN HARD METAL VS. OTHER METAL FABRICATORS AUTHORS: RUBIN AE PALECZYN MH GOLDSMITH JR CUGELL DW SOURCE: THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL LUNG DISEASE, MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA, OCTOBER 15-18, 1986. CHEST; 91 (2). 1987. 312. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN COBALT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE NICKEL SILVER CHROMIUM MAGNESIUM DYSPNEA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY MINERALS COMPARATIVE STUDY PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7

11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-95-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CHETB ENTRY MONTH: 198707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/21458 640 TITLE: RADIOECOLOGY OF THE RHONE BASIN FRANCE DATA ON THE FISH OF THE RHONE 1974-1984 AUTHORS: LAMBRECHTS A FOULQUIER L SOURCE: J ENVIRON RADIOACT; 5 (2). 1987. 105-122. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SEDIMENT RADIOACTIVE WASTE ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION ANIMALS ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE SOIL FISHES KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- )

Osteichthyes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14762-78-8 14762-78-8 13982-63-3 13982-39-3 13981-38-9 13968-53-1 13967-76-5 13967-74-3 13967-71-0 13967-70-9 13967-48-1 13966-31-9 13966-00-2 10198-40-0 10045-97-3 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JERAE ENTRY MONTH: 198708 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/22090

641 TITLE: EXPOSURE TO COBALT AND INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE IN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE PRODUCTION WORKERS AUTHORS: SPRINCE NL OLIVER LC CHAMBERLIN RI GREENE RE SOURCE: JOINT ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN LUNG ASSOCIATION AND THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA, MAY 10-13, 1987. AM REV RESPIR DIS; 135 (4 PART 2). 1987. A20. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARDSB ENTRY MONTH: 198708 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/23714

642 TITLE: Assay for the Elements Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Copper, and Zinc Simultaneously in Human Serum and Sea Water by X-Ray Spectrometry AUTHORS: Natelson S Leighton DR Calas C SOURCE: Microchemical Journal, Vol. 6, No. 4, pages 539-556, 25 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: X-ray spectrometry was assessed as a means of analyzing human serum and sea water for elements with atomic numbers 24 through 30. Samples of 5 millimeters (ml) of normal human serum were dried and ashed in a platinum dish and redissolved in hydrochloric-acid. Samples of 5ml of offshore sea water were evaporated to dryness and redissolved in dilute hydrochloric-acid. Both types of samples were then extracted with glacial-acetic-acid, acetic-anhydride, methanol, and exposed to the X-ray field. A titanium filter was used to eliminate chromium, and tungsten emissions from the X-ray tube. Concentrations of chromium (7440473), manganese (7439965), iron (7439896), cobalt (7440484), nickel (7440020), copper (7440508), and zinc (7440666) were determined and compared to values obtained by other researchers. The limit of detectability was 2 micrograms (microg) per 100ml. Chromium, manganese, and cobalt were not detected in serum or sea water. Serum and sea water were found to contain 72 and 40microg/100ml iron, 5.5 and 3.2microg/100ml nickel, 148 and 122microg/100ml copper, and 126 and 110microg/100ml zinc; serum values were within the ranges obtained in other studies, but sea water values were much higher, probably due to sampling near a highly populated area. KEYWORDS: DCN-117978 Serological techniques X ray equipment Laboratory testing Chemical analysis X ray diagnosis Trace analysis Bioassays Qualitative analysis Trace metals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-50-8 7440-66-6 CODEN: MICJAN ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129340 643 TITLE: HEALTH DANGERS FROM COOLANTS AND LUBRICANTS AUTHORS: WOLFRAM H SOURCE: ARBEITSMED SOZIALMED PRAEVENTIVMED; 22 (4). 1987. 106-109. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN WORKER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae LANGUAGE: ger CODEN: ASPVA ENTRY MONTH: 198709 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/26537 644 TITLE: AN APPLICATION OF INAA AND PIXE ON THE ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL AND

TOXICOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN SAMPLES OF DRINKABLE WATER AUTHORS: BLASI P CAPANNESI G CECCHI A LUCARELLI F SEDDA FA SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES, GAITHERSBURG, MARYLAND, USA, 1989. BIOL TRACE ELEM RES; 26/27 (0). 1990. 363-376. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN IMPLICATION ALUMINUM INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS PROTON INDUCED X-RAY EMISSION FLORENCE ITALY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6

7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BTERD ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/07963 645 TITLE: ANALYSIS OF TRACE ELEMENTS WITH ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE

AUTHORS: RUCH C HEIMBURGER R MAIER-SARGENTINI L MAIER E RASTEGAR F LEROY M JF SOURCE: ANALUSIS; 15 (4). 1987. 159-167. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM AIR POLLUTION SPECTROMETRY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7

7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-12-2 7440-11-1 7440-10-0 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 420-04-2 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: ANLSC ENTRY MONTH: 198711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/33165 646 TITLE: PULMONARY REACTIONS CAUSED BY WELDING-INDUCED DECOMPOSED TRICHLOROETHYLENE AUTHORS: SJOGREN B PLATO N ALEXANDERSSON R EKLUND A FALKENBERG C SOURCE: CHEST; 99 (1). 1991. 237-238. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN TUNGSTEN INERT GAS EQUIPMENT WELDER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 79-01-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CHETB ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/08171 647 TITLE: GROUND WATER QUALITY PROTECTION AUTHORS: CANTER LW KNOW RC FAIRCHILD DM SOURCE: CANTER, L. W., R. C. KNOX AND D. M. FAIRCHILD. GROUND WATER QUALITY PROTECTION. XXVIII+562P. LEWIS PUBLISHERS, INC.: CHELSEA, MICHIGAN, USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-87371-018-5.; 0 (0). 1987. XXVIII+562P. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK MICROORGANISM WATER POLLUTION POLLUTION CONTROL MONITORING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AUDIOVISUAL AIDS BIOLOGY/EDUCATION TEXTBOOKS REFERENCE BOOKS

ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION DISEASE RESERVOIRS COMMUNICABLE DISEASES/MICROBIOLOGY SOIL KEYWORDS: General Biology-Textbooks Ecology Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Medical and Clinical Microbiology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Disease Vectors-Inanimate Public Health: Microbiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 52645-53-1 52645-53-1 52315-07-8 51630-58-1 51218-45-2 24959-67-9 24203-36-9 23135-22-0 17804-35-2 17341-25-2 16984-48-8 16887-00-6 15972-60-8 14808-79-8 14798-03-9 14797-55-8 14265-44-2 14127-61-8 13746-66-2 12789-03-6 12385-13-6 8001-35-2 7782-49-2 7664-41-7 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2

7440-61-1 7440-56-4 7440-54-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-14-4 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 4685-14-7 3812-32-6 2008-41-5 1929-77-7 1918-16-7 1918-02-1 1918-00-9 1912-24-9 1861-32-1 1582-09-8 1563-66-2 759-94-4 709-98-8 630-20-6 463-79-6 420-04-2 333-41-5 330-55-2 330-54-1 314-40-9 298-04-4

156-60-5 156-59-2 151-50-8 139-40-2 133-90-4 127-18-4 122-34-9 121-14-2 120-82-1 116-06-3 112-53-8 111-44-4 111-27-3 110-86-1 109-66-0 108-39-4 107-13-1 107-06-2 106-93-4 106-44-5 106-42-3 98-95-3 96-12-8 95-48-7 95-47-6 94-75-7 93-76-5 93-72-1 88-85-7 88-06-2 87-68-3 79-34-5 79-01-6 79-00-5 78-93-3 78-83-1 76-44-8 75-34-3 75-15-0 75-09-2 75-01-4 74-98-6 74-85-1 74-84-0 74-82-8 72-43-5 72-20-8 71-52-3 71-41-0 71-36-3 71-23-8 67-72-1 67-56-1 64-17-5 63-25-2 58-90-2 58-89-9 50-29-3 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: 27591 ENTRY MONTH: 198711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/33285 648 TITLE: EFFECT OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS ON THE SURVIVAL OF COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS SHIRAKI ISOPTERA RHINOTERMITIDAE IN LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AUTHORS: YOSHIMURA T TSUNODA K NISHIMOTO K SOURCE: MATER ORG (BERL); 22 (1). 1987. 47-56. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SODIUM MOLYBDATE SODIUM TUNGSTATE MORTALITY BAIT-BLOCK MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS NECROSIS/PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY TREES HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ARACHNIDA ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS TREES WOOD ARACHNIDA ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS INSECTICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ANIMAL DISEASE INSECTS/PARASITOLOGY INSECTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-General

Forestry and Forest Products Pest Control Economic Entomology-Trees Economic Entomology-Chemical and Physical Control Invertebrata Invertebrate Body Regions and Structures-Abdomen (1971- ) Isoptera CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13472-45-2 13472-45-2 7631-95-0 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MTOGA ENTRY MONTH: 198712 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/87/34249 649 TITLE: Studies on 479 Cases of Infrared Hyperthermia Treatments. Contribution to the Method of Whole-Body Hyperthermia AUTHORS: Heckel M Heckel I SOURCE: Die Medizinische Welt, Vol. 30, No. 25, pages 971-975, 23 reference, 19791979 ABSTRACT: Experience gained during 479 treatments on 46 patients using whole body infrared hyperthermia was reviewed. The method employed short wave infrared rays generated together with large amounts of visible light by intensely hot tungsten filaments. These rays were quantitatively absorbed by capillaries of subcutaneous tissues without markedly stressing the skin surface. The warmth was kept in the body by a knit suit which the patient wore but which did not restrict movement. Of the 46 patients, 14 were suffering from therapy resistant chronic prostatitis, 23 from malignant diseases. The other nine patients had therapy resistant allergies, rheumatic diseases and post traumatic contractions of soft tissues and one case of epilepsy which could not satisfactorily be treated by medication. Heart patients, cachectic persons and pregnant women were excluded from treatment. The average number of treatments administered to an individual patient was ten, with 41 being the highest number given to an individual over a 3 year period. Five phases of physiological responses were observed: preheating phase, lasting about 20 to 60 minutes, during which rectal temperature had not yet risen; rising temperature phase, prior to

cutoff of heat, with temperature increase rates ranging from 1.1 to 3.3 degrees-C/hour and parallel increases in pulse rate; afterglow phase, with continued increase in rectal temperature despite reduction of heat application, and reduction in pulse rate; actual hyperthermia, with maintenance of rectal temperature at or above 39 degrees-C; and falling temperature phase, occurring after cessation of heat application. The authors conclude that activation of central thermoregulation, as well as the ratio of heat application and heat transport, are important in physical hyperthermia. (German) KEYWORDS: DCN-157582 TRANS Temperature effects Whole body radiation Infrared radiation Heat treatment Chronic inflammation Bone disorders Allergic disorders Medical treatment Physiological response CODEN: MEWEAC ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00169744 650 TITLE: Exposure of Diamond Polishers to Cobalt AUTHORS: van den Oever R Roosels D Douwen M Vanderkeel J Lahaye D SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 34, No. 6, pages 609-614, 25 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: A study of occupational exposure of diamond polishers to cobalt (7440484) dust and other dusts was conducted. Samples of settled dust on work tables and ventilation system filters in an unspecified number of shops where diamonds were polished with diamond coated cobalt discs were collected and analyzed for organic matter, silicates, asbestos (1332214), quartz (14808607), beryllium (7440417), cobalt, tungsten (7440337), and iron (7439896). Air samples were analyzed for total dust and cobalt. Lung tissue samples obtained during surgery from two diamond polishers were analyzed for cobalt. Most of the settled dust samples consisted of tobacco, leather, sisal, iron, and diamond. Traces of quartz were also

detected. No asbestos was found. The cobalt content of the settled dust on the ventilation system filters ranged from 0.01 to 5.7%. Total dust concentrations in the air samples ranged from 60 to 940 micrograms per cubic meter (microg/m3). Airborne cobalt concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 45microg/m3. Airborne cobalt constituted 2.2 to 36.6% of airborne dust. Lung tissue from the two polishers contained 1.4 and 2.2% cobalt. The authors conclude that the cobalt content of the lungs of diamond polishers using diamond coated cobalt discs is higher than that of unexposed populations but comparable to those found in hard metal workers. KEYWORDS: DCN-193250 Dust exposure Occupational exposure Mineral dusts Lung tissue Dust analysis Industrial hygiene Lung burden CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 1332-21-4 14808-60-7 7440-41-7 7440-33-7 7439-89-6 CODEN: AOHYA3 ENTRY MONTH: 199107 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00197823 651 TITLE: INORGANIC PARTICULATES IN PNEUMOCONIOTIC LUNGS OF HARD METAL GRINDERS AUTHORS: RUETTNER JR SPYCHER MA STOLKIN I SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 44 (10). 1987. 657-660. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WORKERS BIOPSY LUNG DUST QUARTZ SILICATES CARBORUNDUM COBALT CORUNDUM PNEUMOCONIOSIS METALS OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOLOGY

MINERALS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Microscopy Techniques-Histology and Histochemistry Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68476-25-5 68476-25-5 14808-60-7 14807-96-6 12070-10-9 12070-08-5 12070-06-3 12069-94-2 12012-35-0 12011-97-1 12001-26-2 11130-73-7 7782-50-5 7782-40-3 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-21-3 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1332-58-7 1317-80-2 1317-70-0 1317-60-8 1313-96-8 1309-38-2 1306-06-5 1302-74-5

409-21-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 198801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/01602 652 TITLE: THE AMES TEST AS A CRITERION IN ASSESSING THE HEALTH IMPACT OF THE MUTAGENIC ACTION OF METALS AUTHORS: D'YACHENKO OZ SAICHENKO SP NADEENKO VG SHARAPOVA NE SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (8). 1990. 83-85. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BACILLUS-SUBTILIS ESCHERICHIA-COLI SALMONELLA-SP MAMMAL MANGANESE TELLURIUM BERYLLIUM COPPER SELENIUM MOLYBDENUM THALLIUM TUNGSTEN RUBIDIUM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT GENOTOXICITY MATHEMATICAL MODEL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS/GENETICS MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS CYBERNETICS MINERALS/METABOLISM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM BACTERIA/GENETICS VIRUSES/GENETICS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ENTEROBACTERIACEAE BACILLACEAE MAMMALS KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal

Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Biocybernetics (1972- ) Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-General Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Enterobacteriaceae (1979- ) Bacillaceae (1979- ) Mammalia-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7440-50-8 7440-41-7 7440-33-7 7440-28-0 7440-17-7 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/11557 653 TITLE: Determination of chromium in wastewater with Nafion exchange preconcentration: Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: XU T SHEN H XU X XU BX AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chemistry, East China Normal University. SOURCE: CHIN J ENVIRON SCI (BEIJING); 11 (5). 1990. 45-48, 96. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Nafion is a new type cation exchange polymer. In this experiment coiled tungsten supporter was modified with a thin film of Nafion. Trace amount of Cr (III) in wasterwater was exchangeable and could be preconcentrated by the modified supporter. Put

it into a graphite cup to take atomic absorption spertrometric measurement. Cr (VI) was reduced to Cr (III) by NH2OHm the exchangeable preconcentration of chemically modified supporter with high selectivit This paper introduces determination of Cr (III) and Cr(VI) in wasterwater respectively. A buffer solution of 0.01 mol NaAc-HAc (PH = 4.5) was well suitable for preconcentration. The linear range for determination of Cr(III) was 5-1000 ng/ml Cr(III) and recoveries 92-107%. Ten parallel tests of determining a sample solution containing 25 ng/ml Cr(III) gave a relative standard deviation of 5.8%. The characteristic concentration was 2.4 ng/ml Cr (III). More than 10 foreign ions did not interfere th MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16065-83-1 16065-83-1 7440-47-3 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: HCKHD ENTRY MONTH: 199106 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/12530

654 TITLE: Nonionizing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 42-0312-77, Evaluation of the Potential Retinal Hazards from Optical Radiation Generated by Electric Welding and Cutting Arcs, December 1975 April 1977 AUTHORS: Marshall WJ Sliney DH Lyon TL Krial NP Del Valle PF SOURCE: U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene Agency, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, 25 pages, 57 references, 19771977 ABSTRACT: The potential retinal hazards from direct viewing of various welding processes were evaluated. The welding processes that were studied included gas tungsten arc welding, gas metal arc welding, flux cored arc welding, plasma arc cutting, plasma arc welding, and shielded metal arc welding; radiometric parameters were measured at an angle where the irradiance was the greatest. Electric welding and cutting arcs emitted sufficient optical radiation to exceed the current and proposed protection standards for the eye and skin of individuals exposed to the arcs without protection. Welding filter shade specifications were generally adequate. The authors conclude that the welding and cutting arcs may be safely operated with awareness of the hazards, permissible viewing durations, and appropriate precautions. Recommendations to personnel working in the vicinity of welding arcs include: avoid staring into the arc without appropriate filter lenses; limit the exposure duration to unprotected individuals; operators should wear eye filter shields which absorb both ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation to the extent specified; and welding and cutting operations should be shielded to eliminate hazardous direct exposure conditions for adjacent unprotected personnel. KEYWORDS: DCN-171262 Eye damage Eye protection Welding industry Industrial hazards Welders Skin exposure Arc welding Eye shields ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00182497 655 TITLE: THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN UPON COLLAGEN

STRUCTURES IN-VIVO AUTHORS: BIBR B DEYL Z LENER J KUCERA J SIMKOVA M SOURCE: PHYSIOL BOHEMOSLOV; 36 (5). 1987. 417-424. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RAT COPPER CONNECTIVE TISSUE BITOPICAL BINDING CROSS-LINKING REACTIONS LYSYL OXIDASE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS ENZYMES/ANALYSIS ADIPOSE TISSUE BONE AND BONES CONNECTIVE TISSUE DIAGNOSIS FASCIA JOINTS ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/METABOLISM BONE AND BONES/PHYSIOLOGY BONE AND BONES/METABOLISM CONNECTIVE TISSUE/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE/METABOLISM FASCIA/PHYSIOLOGY FASCIA/METABOLISM JOINTS/PHYSIOLOGY JOINTS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Enzymes-Methods Bones Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 7439-98-7

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: PHBOB ENTRY MONTH: 198803 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/07502 656 TITLE: HANDBOOK ON THE TOXICOLOGY OF METALS SECOND EDITION VOL. I. GENERAL ASPECTS AUTHORS: FRIBERG L NORDBERG GF VOUK VB SOURCE: FRIBERG, L., G. F. NORDBERG AND V. B. VOUK (ED.). HANDBOOK ON THE TOXICOLOGY OF METALS, SECOND EDITION, VOL. I. GENERAL ASPECTS. XXVII+458P. ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V.: AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS (DIST. IN THE USA AND CANADA BY ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING CO. INC.: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA). ILLUS. ISBN 0-444-90413-1.; 0 (0). 1986. XXVII+458P. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK HUMAN ANIMAL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 35089-00-0 35089-00-0 23713-48-6 22542-11-6 22541-31-7 22537-49-1 22537-48-0 22537-20-8 20730-46-5 20681-14-5 18540-29-9 16887-00-6 16637-16-4

16397-91-4 16065-91-1 16065-83-1 16056-34-1 15663-27-1 15584-04-0 15438-31-0 14913-33-8 14701-21-4 14627-67-9 14452-57-4 14302-87-5 14280-50-3 14280-30-9 13826-82-9 13718-26-8 13530-65-9 13510-49-1 13463-67-7 13463-40-6 13463-39-3 13454-96-1 13410-01-0 13007-92-6 12596-25-7 12035-72-2 10588-01-9 10377-66-9 10325-94-7 10213-09-9 10141-05-6 10124-36-4 10108-64-2 10102-44-0 10102-20-2 10102-18-8 10101-53-8 10098-97-2 10060-08-9 10049-05-5 10026-07-0 10025-73-7 9004-66-4 7803-52-3 7789-00-6 7786-81-4 7784-42-1 7783-07-5 7782-63-0 7782-49-2 7778-50-9 7778-44-1 7775-11-3 7773-01-5 7758-98-7 7758-97-6 7758-95-4 7733-02-0 7723-14-0 7722-64-7

7718-54-9 7664-93-9 7647-18-9 7646-85-7 7645-25-2 7631-89-2 7580-67-8 7550-45-0 7487-94-7 7446-70-0 7446-09-5 7446-08-4 7442-13-9 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-14-4 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 5224-23-7 3812-32-6 1631-73-8 1333-82-0 1327-53-3 1314-84-7 1314-62-1 1314-41-6 1314-13-2 1313-99-1 1309-37-1 1306-19-0 1305-78-8

1304-56-9 1303-33-9 997-50-2 593-80-6 593-74-8 517-16-8 420-04-2 301-04-2 107-27-7 78-00-2 75-60-5 71-43-2 56-49-5 50-32-8 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HTMEE ENTRY MONTH: 198803 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/07934 657 TITLE: COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF THE THORAX IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO HARD METALS AUTHORS: MENDELSON DS GENDAL ES JANUS CL FISCHBEIN A SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 48 (3). 1991. 208-210. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY LUNG DISEASE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY, COMPARATIVE RADIOGRAPHY CHORDATA THORAX ANIMAL MINERALS/METABOLISM

RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Anatomy and Histology Chordate Body Regions-Thorax (1970- ) Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-62-2 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-03-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199106 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/14471 658 TITLE: Silicosis and lung cancer in USA metal miners. AUTHORS: AMANDUS H COSTELLO J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Respiratory Diseases Studies, Natl. Inst. Occupational Safety and Health, 944 Chestnut Rd., Morgantown, W. Va. 26505. SOURCE: ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH; 46 (2). 1991. 82-89. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The association betwene silicosis and lung cancer mortality was estimated in 9,912 (369 silicotics and 9,543 nonsilicotics) white male metal miners. These miners were examined by the

U.S. Public Health Service during 1959-1961 and were followed through 1975. Miners were excluded from this study if they were employed in a mine during 1959-1961 that used diesel equipment underground. The ores that were mined consisted of copper, lead-zinc, iron, mercury, lead silver, gold and gold-silver, tungsten, and molybenum. Th standardized mortality ratio (SMR, U.S. white male rates) for lung cancer was 1.73 (95% Cl: .94-2.90) in silicotics and 1.18 (95%Cl: .98-1.42) in nonsilicotics. Additionally, SMRs were higher in silicotics than in nonsilicotics, even in most subgroups stratified by cigarette smoking habit, type of ore mined, years of service in an undergound job, radon exposure group, or year of hire. When lung cancer mortality between silicotics and nonsilicotics was compared, MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION NECROSIS/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES NEOPLASMS/PATHOLOGY CARCINOGENS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Pathology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10043-92-2 10043-92-2 7631-86-9 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: AEHLA ENTRY MONTH: 199107 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/15534 659 TITLE: The determination of trace elements in water by radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analysis. AUTHORS: HARANGOZO M DEJMKOVA E HAVRANEK E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Analytical Chem., Fac. Pharmacy, Bratislava. SOURCE: ACTA FAC PHARM UNIV COMENIANAE; 39 (0). 1985 (1987). 113-140. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A review with 79 refs. discussing the applicability of X-ray fluorescence method to the multielement analysis of water with emphasis on sample preconcentration problems. Experimental tests were carried out on two various kinds of water (mineral and waste waters) using several sample preparation techniques: precipitating by 8-hydroxyquinoline, Na2S or (NH4)2CO3 and enrichment by means of ion-exchanger Dowex 50 W. Samples pretreated were analyzed employing an energy dispersive X-ray system characterized by radionuclide excitation sources, a semiconductor Sii detector and a multichannel analyzer Canberra 8100. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Biochemical Methods-General

Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 23713-49-7 23713-49-7 23713-48-6 22541-54-4 22537-48-0 20074-52-6 18496-25-8 17181-37-2 16637-16-4 15438-31-0 15158-11-9 14808-79-8 14798-03-9 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 14701-22-5 14302-87-5 14280-50-3 14265-45-3 14265-44-2 10028-15-6 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-16-6 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6

7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 420-04-2 57-12-5 50-00-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AFPCA ENTRY MONTH: 198804 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1985 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/10505 660 TITLE: Direct and Near-Real-Time Determination of Lead, Manganese and Mercury in Laboratory Air by Electrostatic Precipitation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AUTHORS: Sneddon J SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 245, No. 2, pages 203-206, 10 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: An electrostatic precipitation atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) system for direct and real time determination of lead (7439921), manganese (7439965), and mercury (7439976) in laboratory air was described. The system consisted of a home built electrostatic precipitator containing a tungsten collecting electrode interfaced to a temperature controlled furnace, which was in turn connected to an AAS. In undisturbed laboratory air which was sampled at flow rate 5 liters per minute (l/min) for 3 hours background lead concentrations determined by the system ranged from 1.35 to 2.25 nanograms per cubic meter (ng/m3). Background manganese concentrations ranged from 0.71 to 1.21ng/m3 and mercury concentrations ranged from 0.21 to 0.55ng/m3. When the laboratory air was disturbed by drilling a piece of metal, dusting, or wiping the floor, the concentrations of airborne lead and manganese were increased by up to two orders of magnitude and the mercury concentrations were increased by a factor of four or five. The detection limits for lead, manganese, and mercury were 0.04, 0.05, and 0.10ng/m3, respectively, for a sample flow rate of 0.5l/min. The useable analytical range of the electrostatic precipitation AAS system was about one to three orders of magnitude above the detection limit. For undisturbed air the magnitude of the AAS signal varied linearly with sampling time. KEYWORDS: DCN-195386 Analytical methods Heavy metals

Laboratories Air sampling Electrostatic precipitation Atomic absorption spectrometry Environmental contamination CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 7439-92-1 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00199940 661 TITLE: Characterization of aerosols in the Kashima area (Japan): A summary of IPCAJ Kashima SPM Study. AUTHORS: OKAMOTO S KOBAYASHI K AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Pollution Control Association of Japan (IPCAJ SOURCE: ATMOS ENVIRON PART B URBAN ATMOS; 25 (1). 1991. 133-142. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The Industrial Pollution Control Association of Japan (IPCAJ) has carried out a 3-year study in order to promote an understanding of the behavior of suspended particulate matter, to identify the contributing sources and to estimate their contributions. In this study many monitoring stations were set up around the Kashima industrial area. Atmospheric aerosols were collected for 2 weeks in each of the four seasons of 1983. The chemical compositions of the aerosols were analysed by instrumental neutron activation analysis and so on. The results of the study showed that soil particles comprise the highest component, while sulfate and other secondary particles are higher in the spring and summer. In the spring and fall when sea breezes are dominant, sea salt has been found to have a higher concentrations, especially at sites near the shore. Following the above-mentioned information a source apportionment study was conducted using the chemical mass balance method. Results have MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY

BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16887-00-6 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 14797-55-8 11104-93-1 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7647-14-5 7446-09-5 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 630-08-0 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: AEBAE ENTRY MONTH: 199108 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/18451 662 TITLE: Composite materials for X-ray protection. AUTHORS: YAFFE MJ MAWDSLEY GE LILLEY M SERVANT R REH G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Med. Biophysics, University Toronto, Ontario Cancer Inst., Sunnybrook Health Sci. Center, Reichmann Res. Build., 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 375. SOURCE: HEALTH PHYS; 60 (5). 1991. 661-664. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We have developed and tested a radiation protection material that provides similar attenuation for diagnostic x-ray spectra to that of conventional Pb apron materials with approximately 30% reduced weight. By combining a number of elements with different K absorption energies, such as Ba, W, and Pb, energy attenuation for given spectra can be optimized with respect to total cross-sectional mass loading. Alternatively, garments with much higher protective factors at equivalent weight to conventional garments could be produced. The reduction in the amount of Pb used also reduces problems associated with the toxicity of the material during manufacture and disposal. Back strain can be reduced for personnel performing special radiological procedures that require wearing protective garments for long periods of time. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-39-3 7440-39-3

7440-33-7 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199108 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/19315 663 TITLE: A SILENT EPIDEMIC OF ENVIRONMENTAL METAL POISONING? AUTHORS: NRIAGU JO SOURCE: ENVIRON POLLUT; 50 (1-2). 1988. 139-162. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN TRACE METALS LEAD CADMIUM MERCURY ARSENIC PREVALENCE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE REPRODUCTIVE IMPAIRMENT IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ALLERGY CANCER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY MINERALS BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY REPRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CARCINOGENS IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology

Reproductive System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-22-4 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENPOE ENTRY MONTH: 198806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/17085 664 TITLE: REPORT FROM A WORKSHOP ON CHEMICAL HAZARDS TO FISH AND FISHERIES AUTHORS: ADAM M MCKONE WD

SHEAR H SOURCE: CAN TECH REP FISH AQUAT SCI; 0 (1525). 1987. I-X, 1-105. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WATER POLLUTION CANADA LEGISLATION PESTICIDES SEWAGE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY MARINE BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FISHES KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions Ecology Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Pest Control Pisces-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 82228-96-4 82228-96-4 58264-17-8 52918-63-5 14255-04-0 13982-63-3 13966-29-5 13966-00-2 12789-03-6 12136-45-7 10045-97-3 10024-97-2 8002-05-9 8001-35-2 7783-06-4 7782-41-4

7723-14-0 7446-09-5 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 2385-85-5 2008-39-1 1746-01-6 1071-83-6 420-04-2 333-41-5 124-38-9 122-14-5 115-90-2 115-29-7 94-75-7 88-85-7 74-82-8 72-43-5 60-57-1 58-89-9 50-32-8 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CTRSD ENTRY MONTH: 198806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/17119 665 TITLE: Development and use of a pneumoconiosis database of human pulmonary inorganic particulate burden in over 400 lungs.

AUTHORS: ABRAHAM JL BURNETT BR HUNT A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathology, SUNY Health Science Center, 750 East Adams St., Syracuse, N.Y. 13210. SOURCE: SCANNING MICROSC; 5 (1). 1991. 95-108. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Over 400 cases with data from in situ electron microprobe quantitation of non-fibrous inorganic particles (e.g., silica, alumino-silicates, talc, metals) in pulmonary tissue sections, and data from quantitative digestion analysis of fiber content (e.g., asbestos, silica, alumino-silicates, man-made fibers, talc) comprise an extensive microcomputer data set of lung particle burden. When allied with demographic and histpathologic information the result is a comprehensive databae of occupational pulmonary pathology. Examples of the kinds of information which can be extracted from the database include: 1) summary information on the types sizes and associations of particles in lungs with a variety of exposures, 2) concentrations of etiologic particle type in cases with recognized pnemoconioses, and 3) correlations between particle type, pathology, occupation and social history. The database provides a powerful tool for assessing such information on statistically meaningful sa MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): COMPUTER SYSTEMS BIOLOGY DOCUMENTATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON/METHODS BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN CYTOLOGY MICROSCOPY MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Information Microscopy Techniques-Electron Microscopy Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Anatomy and Histology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14807-96-6 14807-96-6 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7631-86-9 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-26-8 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-18-8 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1332-21-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SCMIE ENTRY MONTH: 199108 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/19323 666 TITLE: Sodium Metatungstate as a Medium for Measuring Particle Density Using Isopycnic Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation

AUTHORS: Hoover MD Finch GL Castorina BT SOURCE: Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol. 22, No. 2, pages 215-221, 9 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: The use of sodium-metatungstate (SMT) as an ultracentrifuge gradient medium for measuring particle densities was evaluated to determine if SMT could be used as a substitute for thallium-formate. Aqueous solutions containing up to 3.0 grams/cubic centimeter (g/cm3) SMT, 80% SMT by mass, were prepared and ultracentrifuged at 36000 revolutions/minute for up to 28 hours. The density gradient characteristics of the solutions were examined. Three samples of glass particle density standards and six samples of size separated beryllium (7440417) particles were added to SMT solutions and the particle densities were determined by density gradient centrifugation. The results were compared with densities obtained by air pycnometry. The viscosities of the SMT solutions ranged from values only slightly greater than water, 1x10(-3) Newton seconds/square meter (Nsec/m2), to those characteristic of heavy machine oil, greater than 7x10(-3)Nsec/m2. The viscosity increased sharply for solutions having SMT concentrations above 2.6g/cm3. This made it difficult to accurately pipet known volumes of the solutions. The SMT solutions formed gradients in a highly reproducible manner, the precision being better than 0.1% for replicate trials. The gradients became linear after 16 hours. Densities of the glass density standards and beryllium particles averaged 4 to 7%, mean 5%, less than those measured by air pycnometry. The authors conclude that SMT solutions can be used as a relatively nontoxic, less expensive substitute for thallium-formate for measuring the density of respirable parts by isopycnic density gradient ultracentrifugation. Because the measured densities are 5% less than the true values, calibration standards must be utilized when SMT gradients are used to evaluate particles of unknown density. KEYWORDS: DCN-195877 Particulates Tungsten compounds Metals Physical properties Aerosol particles Laboratory testing Respirable dust Laboratory techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-41-7 CODEN: JALSB7 ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00200413 667 TITLE: ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ACETONITRILE DEGRADING BACTERIA AUTHORS: CHAPATWALA KD RICHARDSON JD NAWAZ M WOLFRAM JH SOURCE: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA, USA, MAY 8-13, 1988. ABSTR ANNU MEET AM SOC MICROBIOL; 88 (0). 1988. 225. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT PSEUDOMONAS-CEPACIA ALCALIGENES-SP CHROMOBACTERIUM-VIOLACEUM TOXIC SOLVENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY METABOLISM NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY BACTERIA PSEUDOMONADACEAE GRAM-NEGATIVE AEROBIC BACTERIA KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Metabolism-General Metabolism Nutrition-General Studies Toxicology-General Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Bacteria-Unspecified (1979- ) Pseudomonadaceae (1979- )

Gram-negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci-Uncertain Affiliation (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-05-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ASMAC ENTRY MONTH: 198808 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/24239 668 TITLE: Chromium in Biological Samples from Low-Level Exposed Stainless Steel and Mild Steel Welders AUTHORS: Bonde JP Christensen JM SOURCE: Archives of Environmental Health, Vol. 46, No. 4, pages 225-229, 18 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: Internal exposure to chromium (7440473) was examined among tungsten inert gas (TIG) stainless steel (SS) and mild steel (MS) welders who had not previously been considered to be at risk of chromium exposure. Welding fume particulates, total chromium and hexavalent chromium in ambient air were 0.94, 0.001 and 0.003mg/m3, respectively, among TIG welders and 3.1, 0.003, and 0.001 mg/m3 among MS welders, respectively. Pulmonary uptake of water soluble hexavalent chromium associated with TIG/SS welding during 4 work shifts was estimated. Comparisons of urine samples voided before and after workshifts on day one and day four were made. The average paired difference of creatinine adjusted urine chromium concentration was 0.05 nanomole/millimole (nmol/mmol) creatinine among current TIG/SS welders and 0.06 nmol/mmol creatinine among nonwelding participants. No detectable increase in chromium concentration in urine or blood occurred across a 3 week break in welding exposure. The concentration of chromium in seminal fluid was significantly elevated among ever manual metal arc (MMA) SS welders compared with never welders. However, there was an extremely wide variation within the subgroup of ever MMA/SS welders. Levels of chromium were very high in the seminal fluid samples from groups of SS welders. However, the authors caution that this finding may be related to nonoccupational factors and warrants further examination. They recommend that attention be given to SS and MS welders for possible delayed health effects from chromium exposure./TRANSMISSION KEYWORDS: DCN-198182 Welding industry Chromium compounds

Biological monitoring Urinalysis Blood analysis Hexavalent chromium compounds Inhalation studies Humans Metal fumes Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 CODEN: AEHLAU ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00200962 669 TITLE: Synchrotron-Produced Ultrasoft X-rays: A Tool for Testing Biophysical Models of Radiation Action AUTHORS: Meger Wells CM Pearson DW De Luca PM Jr Wells GM Cerrina F Kennan WS Gould MN SOURCE: International Journal of Radiation Biology, Vol. 59, No. 4, pages 985-996, 41 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: A synchrotron based system for radiation biology studies of ultrasoft x-rays was characterized, and mammalian cell survival curves produced with the system were compared with previous data obtained Al(k) x-rays. Synchrotron radiation had the advantage of producing high intensity x-rays over a continuous spectrum. The photon source was the Wisconsin Synchrotron Radiation Center 1 gigaelectron volt electron storage ring. Energy selection was accomplished with a combination filter, tungsten/carbon multilayer mirror and Mylar filter. Spectral properties, intensity and beam uniformity were determined. Exponentially growing cultures of mouse embryo fibroblast C3H/10T1/2 cells were exposed at various doses, and cell survival rates were determined by replating and colony counting after 14 days. The radiation spectrum at 1.48 kiloelectron volts (keV) was not significantly different from that of an Al(k) line source at 1.49keV. Horizontal beam uniformity was confirmed such that all cells in a dish would receive the same dose. Instantaneous dose rates determined with a free air ionization chamber and a calorimeter were 315 and 302 grays per minute, respectively. Doses were varied by changing the scanning rate to give exposure times of 2 to 25 seconds per

dish. Comparison of cell survival curves with that for a 250 kilovolt peak x-ray tube yielded a relative biological effectiveness at 10% survival of 1.47 +/0.3 with reference to the x-ray tube source. The authors conclude that the described synchrotron based cell irradiation beam line is suitable for biophysical model studies of radiation action. KEYWORDS: DCN-202063 Laboratory animals Cell cultures In vitro studies Biophysics Radiation sources Simulation methods Radiation effects Ionizing radiation Cytotoxic effects Dose response CODEN: IJRBE7 ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00200115 670 TITLE: Dechlorination of DDT by vitamin B12 under mildly reducing conditions. AUTHORS: Berry JD Stotter DA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem., Univ. Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, Essex, England SOURCE: Chemosphere 11:783-787 1977 (19 References) ABSTRACT: PESTAB. Aliquots of a 280 micromolar solution of solubilized DDT were incubated for 16 hr at 37 in air or carbon monoxide with hydroxycob(III)alamin in the presence or absence of light from a tungsten lamp. When both vitamin B12 and CO were present, all of the DDT was converted to DDD (TDE); when only one was present, none of the DDT was converted. These results occurred in both light and dark conditions. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 50-29-3 CODEN: CMSHA ENTRY MONTH: 197806

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 PESTAB PUB CODE: Periodical SECONDARY SOURCE ID: PESTAB/78/0587 671 TITLE: TRANSFER OF DRUGS TO THE EMBRYO AND FETUS AFTER PLACENTATION AUTHORS: DENCKER L DANIELSSON B RG SOURCE: NAU, H. AND W. J. SCOTT, JR. (ED.). PHARMACOKINETICS IN TERATOGENESIS, VOL. I. INTERSPECIES COMPARISON AND MATERNAL-FETAL DRUG TRANSFER. X+265P. CRC PRESS, INC.: BOCA RATON, FLORIDA, USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-8493-6873-1.; 0 (0). 1987. 55-70. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN TOXICITY METALS ANESTHETIC GASES OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS THERAPEUTICS METABOLISM AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM GENITALIA/PHYSIOLOGY GENITALIA/METABOLISM REPRODUCTION PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS/METABOLISM PHARMACOLOGY, CLINICAL NERVOUS SYSTEM/DRUG EFFECTS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES EMBRYOLOGY FETAL DEVELOPMENT LARVA ANIMAL EMBRYO FETAL DISEASES HUMAN LARVA EMBRYOLOGY

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-General Metabolism Metabolism-Proteins Reproductive System-Physiology and Biochemistry Pharmacology-Drug Metabolism Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacology (1972- ) Pharmacology-Neuropharmacology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Pharmacological Toxicology (1972- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Developmental Biology-Embryology-General and Descriptive Developmental Biology-Embryology-Pathological Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 31472-83-0 31472-83-0 16056-34-1 15584-04-0 15502-74-6 14302-87-5 13907-47-6 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 1746-01-6 1330-20-7 302-79-4 127-18-4 108-88-3 100-42-5 93-76-5 92-52-4 79-01-6 76-05-1 76-03-9 75-15-0 72-57-1 71-43-2 70-30-4 67-66-3 55-18-5 54-11-5 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: 38663 ENTRY MONTH: 198809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/26463 672 TITLE: COMBINED EFFECT OF METALS ENTERING THE BODY WITH DRINKING WATER AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG KRASOVSKII GN SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (12). 1987. 9-12. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN ANIMAL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 198810

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/29705 673 TITLE: THE INFLUENCE OF PH ON TRACE ELEMENT UPTAKE BY AN ALGA SCENEDESMUS-PANNONICUS-SSP BERLIN AND FUNGUS AUREOBASIDIUM-PULLULANS AUTHORS: DEMON A DE BRUIN M WOLTERBEEK HT SOURCE: ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS; 10 (2). 1988. 165-174. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LICHEN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT BIOINDICATOR MONITORING TOXICOKINETICS CADMIUM ZINC COPPER LANTHANUM TUNGSTEN SELENIUM ARSENIC MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM ALGAE, GREEN MITOSPORIC FUNGI LICHENS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Chlorophyta Fungi Imperfecti or Deuteromycetes Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 15575-20-9 15575-20-9 14983-48-3

14336-68-6 14265-71-5 13982-39-3 13981-28-7 13981-25-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EMASD ENTRY MONTH: 198811 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/31554 674 TITLE: National trace element air pollution monitoring survey using epiphytic lichens. AUTHORS: SLOOF JE WOLTERBEEK HT AUTHOR ADDRESS: Interfaculty Reactor Inst., Delft Univ. Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands. SOURCE: LICHENOLOGIST (LOND); 23 (2). 1991. 139-166. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Two national monitoring surveys were carried out within 5 years, using Parmelia sulcata as a biomonitor of trace-element air pollution. The method of sampling was standardized. The lichen samples were analysed by neutron activation analysis. Local variations in element concentrations in lichens from various deciduous tree species from several sampling sites were established. The geographical concentration patterns obtained from the lichen data sets agreed with the element concentration gradients obtained from one dispersion model and measured data of atmospheric concentrations and deposition. Comparison of the two lichen data sets showed the relationship of the geographical concentration patterns with time. Combination of the available data gave insight into the possibility of localization of pollution sources. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS MINERALS/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM LICHENS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Metabolism-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: LCHNB ENTRY MONTH: 199109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/22076

675 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN AN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AUTHORS: FREITAS MC VAZ CARREIRO MC REIS MF MARTINHO E SOURCE: ENVIRON TECHNOL LETT; 9 (9). 1988. 969-976. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM PLANT FISH WATER POLLUTION MONITORING RADIONUCLIDES BIOINDICATOR KINETICS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS FISHES KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plantae-Unspecified Pisces-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1

7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ETLED ENTRY MONTH: 198812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/34489 676 TITLE: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF TWO METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TUNGSTEN IN THE AIR AUTHORS: VOROPAEV VN SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (2). 1988. 49. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN AMBIENT AIR WORK AREA METHYLENE BLUE METHOD RHODANIDE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES MINERALS/ANALYSIS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Methods Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-Minerals Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7

LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 198812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/88/36338 677 TITLE: WATER ANALYSIS AUTHORS: MACCARTHY P KLUSMAN RW COWLING SW RICE JA SOURCE: ANAL CHEM; 63 (12). 1991. 301R-342R. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW GASES METALS ORGANICS GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BODY WATER GASES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemistry-Physiological Water Studies (1970- ) Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 67306-03-0

67306-03-0 64902-72-3 55285-14-8 51218-45-2 50594-66-6 28772-56-7 26225-79-6 23947-60-6 21725-46-2 15972-60-8 15262-20-1 13982-63-3 13981-53-8 13494-80-9 13233-32-4 13181-17-4 12122-67-7 10043-92-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-14-4 7440-09-7 7440-05-3 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 5221-53-4 4685-14-7 2764-72-9 2463-84-5 2212-67-1 2163-68-0 2104-64-5 1918-02-1 1918-00-9 1912-24-9

1689-84-5 1689-83-4 1634-78-2 1563-66-2 1420-07-1 1071-83-6 1014-70-6 789-02-6 534-52-1 500-28-7 330-55-2 319-85-7 319-84-6 309-00-2 298-00-0 137-30-4 137-26-8 123-33-1 122-34-9 122-14-5 114-26-1 94-75-7 93-76-5 93-72-1 88-85-7 87-86-5 86-50-0 72-20-8 60-57-1 58-89-9 56-38-2 51-03-6 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ANCHA ENTRY MONTH: 199109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/23794 678 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF INORGANIC TRACES IN WATER BY ION-EXCHANGE SPECTROFLUORIMETRY AUTHORS: CAPITAN F NAVALON A MANZANO E DE GRACIA JP CAPITAN-VALLVEY LF VILCHEZ JL

SOURCE: ANALUSIS; 19 (4). 1991. 132-133. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ALUMINUM-III BERYLLIUM-II GALLIUM-III MOLYBDENUM-VI TUNGSTEN-VI BROMINE RIVER SEA TAP WATER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-27-1 22541-27-1 22537-33-3 22537-23-1 22537-20-8 16065-87-5 7726-95-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ANLSC ENTRY MONTH: 199109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/23801 679 TITLE: EVALUATION OF RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN HARD METAL WORKERS AUTHORS: HOROWITZ SF FISCHBEIN A MATZA D RIZZO JN STERN A MACHAC J SOLOMON SJ

SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 45 (11). 1988. 742-746. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM COBALT CONGESTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY TUNGSTEN CARBIDE OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY MINERALS HEART DISEASES/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Cardiovascular System-Heart Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 198902 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/03747 680 TITLE: COBALT EXPOSURE AND LUNG DISEASE IN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE PRODUCTION A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF CURRENT WORKERS AUTHORS: SPRINCE NL OLIVER LC EISEN EA GREENE RE CHAMBERLIN RI

SOURCE: AM REV RESPIR DIS; 138 (5). 1988. 1220-1226. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARDSB ENTRY MONTH: 198903 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/06982 681 TITLE: USE OF EPR TO STUDY THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS AUTHORS: DZYUBA SA PUSHKIN SG TSVETKOV YU D SOURCE: DOKL AKAD NAUK SSSR; 299 (5). 1988. 1150-1152. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM METAL DIPHENYLPICRYL HYDRAZINE AROMATIC

CARBON MUTAGENESIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GENETICS CYTOGENETICS BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-General Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-44-0 7440-43-9 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-19-9 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: DANKA

ENTRY MONTH: 198903 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/07006 682 TITLE: Strike an Arc AUTHORS: Rekus JF SOURCE: Occupational Health and Safety, Vol. 60, No. 10, pages 24-25/27-28/30, 1991 ABSTRACT: The six basic welding processes were reviewed and an examination of the potential health hazards associated with arc welding was presented. The following techniques were characterized: shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, gas metal arc welding, spot welding, submerged arc welding, and the use of oxygen and fuel gases supplied to a torch for welding and cutting. It was stated that welding processes produce solid particle fumes which are small enough to penetrate the body's defenses and enter the lung passages and the bloodstream. Short term fume exposure was said to result in a flu like condition called metal fume fever. More serious effects such as lung damage, irritation of the mucous membranes, and damage to the reproductive system were associated with exposure to metal fumes. The effects of toxic gases such as carbon-monoxide (630080), nitrogen-dioxide (10102440), ozone (10028156), and phosgene (75445) were also considered. High intensity ultraviolet light emissions from welding arcs could cause severe burns and eye damage in unprotected workers. Lead poisoning was related to welding or burning on painted surfaces. The hazards of welding in confined spaces were considered, including acute fume exposure, oxygen deficiency and oxygen enriched atmospheres. Informed workers, use of protective equipment, and proper ventilation were the three main recommendations for risk reduction. KEYWORDS: DCN-202494 Occupational hazards Arc welders Confined spaces Work environment Metal fumes Metal fume fever Toxic gases Ultraviolet radiation Lead poisoning Protective measures Oxygen deficient atmospheres Welding equipment CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 630-08-0

630-08-0 10102-44-0 10028-15-6 75-44-5 CODEN: IOHSA5 ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00202651 683 TITLE: ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY AUTHORS: MICHEL RG SOURCE: RIORDAN, J. F. AND B. L. VALLEE (ED.). METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, VOL. 158. METALLOBIOCHEMISTRY, PART A. XXV+464P. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.: SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, USA; LONDON, ENGLAND, UK. ILLUS. ISBN 0-12-182059-9.; 0 (0). 1988. 222-243. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BARLEY SEED ELEMENT ANALYSIS HEAVY METALS THEORY PHYSICOCHEMICAL INTERFERENCE MERCURY ANALYSIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PHILOSOPHY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES GRASSES KEYWORDS: General Biology-Philosophy Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Gramineae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6

7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 420-04-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MENZA ENTRY MONTH: 198904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/11195 684 TITLE: Role of biogenic processes in the formation of vulcanogenic-sedimentary sulfide and tungsten mineralization. AUTHORS: POPOV VE LYALIKOVA NN AUTHOR ADDRESS: A.P. Karpinskii All-Union Res. Geol. Inst., Leningrad, USSR. SOURCE: DOKL AKAD NAUK SSSR; 316 (1). 1991. 208-212.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Data were presented on W sorption from natural waters by the following cyanobacteria: Mastigocladus laminosum, Plectonema boryanum, Aphanothece thermalis, Phormidium laminosum, P. valderia, and Nostoc punctiforme. The experimental data indicate the resistance of soem species in a W-polluted environment and the possibility of W accumulation during cyanobacteria growth. The general tendency to inhibit cultures at concentrations exceeding 100 mg/l was observed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM CLASSIFICATION SOIL SOIL CYANOBACTERIA KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Soil Science-Genesis Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Cyanophyta CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18496-25-8 18496-25-8 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: rus

CODEN: DANKA ENTRY MONTH: 199111 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/28095 685 TITLE: Trace element solid-phase associations in sewage sludge and sludge-amended soil. AUTHORS: ESSINGTON ME MATTIGOD SV AUTHOR ADDRESS: Plant Soil Sci. Dep., Univ. Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, Tenn. 37901-1071. SOURCE: SOIL SCI SOC AM J; 55 (2). 1991. 350-356. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A scheme involving the use of particle size, density, and magnetic susceptibility was applied to sewage sludge and sewage-sludge-amended soil to isolate trace-element-bearing soils for identification by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM). The heavy-density ( > 2.96 Mg m-3) fractions of the sludge and amended soil contained barite, celestite, lead silicate, lead phosphate, chromium oxide or oxyhydroxide, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. Vanadium was associated with Ti, Ca, Si, and Fe in amended soil particles, suggesting its occurrence in titanite. The heavy-density fractions also contained trace-element-bearing particles of industrial origin, including Sb, Cr-Fe, Cr-Ni-Fe, Zn-Sn, Cr-Zn-Fe, Sn-Fe-Cu-Zn, Pb-Cr, Pb-Sn, W-Se, and Co-Cr elemental associations. Trace-element-bearing particles contained in the light-density ( < 2.10 Mg m-3) fractions of the sludge and sludge-amended soil were similar to those identif MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON/METHODS BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL

KEYWORDS: Microscopy Techniques-Electron Microscopy Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13462-86-7 13462-86-7 12169-28-7 10099-76-0 7782-49-2 7759-02-6 7446-27-7 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 1333-82-0 1308-56-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SSSJD ENTRY MONTH: 199201 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/35123 686 TITLE: CYTOGENETIC EFFECT OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF TUNGSTEN, ZINC, CADMIUM AND COBALT ON ANIMAL AND HUMAN SOMATIC CELLS. AUTHORS: VOROSHILAN SI PLOTKO EG FINK TV NIKIFOROVA VY

SOURCE: CYTOL GENET (USSR) 12(3):46;1978 ABSTRACT: ANEUPLOIDY FILE/ORNL KEYWORDS: AGENT TEST RESULTS CHROMOSOME NUMBER TRANSLATED FROM RUSSIAN MAMMAL RAT BONE MARROW MAMMAL HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES ZINC ACETATE DIHYDRATE SODIUM TUNGSTATE CADMIUM ACETATE DIHYDRATE COBALT ACETATE TETRAHYDRATE ZINC OXIDE CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-13-2 1314-13-2 5743-04-4 5970-45-6 6147-53-1 13472-45-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CYGED ENTRY MONTH: 198607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ANEUPL/78/000984 687 TITLE: PRECONCENTRATION OF METAL DITHIOCARBAMATE COMPLEXES ON C-18-BONDED SILICA GEL FOR NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AUTHORS: SHAH NK WAI CM SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 130 (2). 1989. 451-460. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM METAL COMPLEX MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS/ANALYSIS

MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-61-1 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-33-7 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 198908 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/22822 688 TITLE: Chelation ion chromatography on DMSO impregnated silica gel-G layers: Specific separation of cadmium(II), tungsten(VI) and zirconium(IV) from transitional metal ions. AUTHORS: SHARMA SD MISRA S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Analytical Res. Lab., Dep. Chem., Hundu Coll., B-3 Jigar Colony, Moradabad, India. SOURCE: J LIQ CHROMATOGR; 14 (18). 1991. 3301-3310. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Chelation ion chromatography of metal ions on DMSO impregnated silica gel-G layers in either; DMSO: 1M HNO3 (1:1); n-butanol: acetone: HNO3 (6:6:1) and di-isopropyl ether: DMSO: THF systems having varying compositions, was performed. The zero Rf for a number of

cations is explained in terms of precipitation and strong adsorption. It was possible to separate Cd2+, W6+, Zr4+, Zn2+ and VO2+ from numerous metal ions. A number of analytically important binary and ternary separations were also achieved and were found useful in synthetic alloy analysis. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-27-1 22541-27-1 22537-48-0 15543-40-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JLCHD ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/02839 689 TITLE: INHALATIVE LOAD OF WELDING FUMES BY ARC WELDERS WORKING ON CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEELS IN A CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PLANT AUTHORS: DYRBA BC RICHTER K-H SOURCE: Z GESAMTE HYG GRENZGEB; 35 (5). 1989. 271-275. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN CARBON DIOXIDE WELDING GASES TUNGSTEN-INERT GAS WELDING ELECTRODE-BY-HAND WELDING METAL INERT-GAS WELDING PLASMA CUTTING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Respiratory System-Physiology and Biochemistry Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-15-6 10028-15-6 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 630-08-0 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: ger CODEN: ZHYGA ENTRY MONTH: 198909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/25758 690 TITLE: Determination of lead in water by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with a nickel(II)-ammonium tartrate modifier. AUTHORS: SEKERKA I LECHNER JF AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Analytical Chem. Res., Natl. Water Res. Inst., 867 Lakeshore Road, P.O. Box 5050, Burlington, Ont. L7R 4A6, Can. SOURCE: ANAL CHIM ACTA; 254 (1-2). 1991. 99-108. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A method is described for the determination of low concentrations of lead in water samples. Atomic absorption spectrometry is used with a tungsten ribbon furnace and Zeeman background correction. Interferences are eliminated by the addition of ammonium tartrate and nickel(II) nitrate to the samples to act as a matrix modifier and adjust the pH. The results show the superior performance of this modifier over other types used conventionally. The detection limit is 1 mug l-1 relative standard deviation of < 10%. When multiple sample injection is used, a detection limit of 0.1 mug l-1 can be obtained. The instrumentation is simple and the method is efficient for the determination of lead in various water samples. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ACACA ENTRY MONTH: 199203 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/04267

691 TITLE: Physico-chemical speciation of trace elements in urban streams by size fractionation. AUTHORS: TANIZAKI Y SHIMOKAWA T YAMAZAKI M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Tokyo Metropolitan Isotope Research Center, 2-11-1 Fukazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Jpn. SOURCE: WATER RES; 26 (1). 1992. 55-64. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Size fractionation methods have been used for the speciation of trace elements in several urban streams. Both filtration and ultrafiltration techniques were applied to separate the trace elements into various sizes and/or molecular weight ranges. The size distribution was determined for 39 elements by means of neutron activation analysis to estimate their chemical or physical forms. It was clarified that alkali and alkaline-earth elements, halogens and V, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Sb, W, U etc., in the urban streams were mainly present in the dissolved phase, and that Sc, Fe, Ag, Al, Hf, Ta, Au and light rare-earth elements were predominantly associated with the suspended particles. The following conclusions could be drawn on the dissolved species of trace elements in the urban streams: (1) the dominant dissolved species for alkali and alkaline-earth elements, V, Mn, Al, Sb and Au are regarded as simple inorganic ions; (2) the elements Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Se, Mo, W, I MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6

7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-30-4 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WATRA ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/05632 692 TITLE: Exposure to Fumes in Typical New Zealand Welding Operations AUTHORS: Dryson EW Rogers DA SOURCE: New Zealand Medical Journal, Vol. 104, No. 918, pages 365-367, 19 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: This survey was performed to measure certain aspects of welding operations in New Zealand. Seven industrial sites participated in the study. Sixteen welders were selected representing manual metal arc (MMA),

tungsten inert gas (TIG) and metal inert gas (MIG) welding, and plasma cutting. Most welders operated with natural ventilation only. Two of the plasma cutters had an extraction system at bench level which appeared efficient. The other plasma cutter had a overhead extraction unit which did not appear to be efficient. Levels above the Workplace Exposure Standard (WES) in New Zealand for nitrogen-dioxide (10102440) were found for four welders (two TIG, one MMA, and one plasma cutter) and for total chromium (7440473) in one plasma cutter who also had a nickel (7440020) level of 24% of the WES. Dust levels were highest in the plasma cutters with one reaching 8.67mg/m3. Urinary levels did not indicate excessive short or long term uptake. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 67% of the welders, with 38% meeting criteria for chronic bronchitis. More symptoms were reported among welders who also smoked than among those who did not smoke. KEYWORDS: DCN-204600 Metal fumes Welding industry Cigarette smoking Ventilation systems Occupational exposure Air quality monitoring Metal dusts Toxic gases Urinalysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10102-44-0 10102-44-0 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 CODEN: NZMJAX ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00204746 693 TITLE: Determination of N-nitrosoproline at the nanogram level. AUTHORS: WOLFRAM JH FEINBERG JI DOERR RC FIDDLER W AUTHOR ADDRESS: East. Reg. Res. Cent., Philadelphia, Pa. 19118, USA. SOURCE: J CHROMATOGR; 132 (1). 1977 37-43

ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Two sensitive detection systems are described for the quantitative determination of a nonvolatile nitrosamine, nitrosoproline (a precursor to the carcinogen found in fried bacon, N-nitrosopyrrolidine). One procedure involves denitrosation followed by derivatization of the amino product, proline, with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl). The highly fluorescent NBD-proline compound formed is then identified and quantitated by either TLC or high-pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC). In the 2nd system, the volatile methyl ester of the intact nitrosoproline is prepared, then detected by GLC and confirmed by combined GLC and mass spectrometry. Both methods permit the quantitative detection of less than 10 ng of nitrosoproline. The HPLC fluorescence technique is approximately 10 times as sensitive as the GLC method. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 37114-16-2 37114-16-2 930-55-2 CODEN: JOCRA ENTRY MONTH: 197712 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/77/08967 694 TITLE: Determination of Cobalt in Atmospheric Samples AUTHORS: Keenan RG Flick BM SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 20, No. 12, pages 1238-1241, 27 references, 19481948 ABSTRACT: A procedure using a modified sodium-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonate (nitroso-R-salt) method was developed for the determination of cobalt (7440484) in atmospheric dust samples in the cemented tungsten-carbide industry. Dust samples were collected by means of a direct current electrostatic precipitator. Dried samples obtained from the electrodes were heated before fusion to remove free carbon. The carbon free sample was then fused with potassium-peroxydisulfate. Upon cooling, the melt was dissolved in hot water, and diluted with water and hydrochloric-acid. Two equal portions of the sample (filtered and unfiltered) were analyzed by the nitroso-R-salt method. After thorough mixing, an aliquot portion of each sample was filtered and washed three times with distilled water, then evaporated to dryness. Concentrated nitric-acid was added and the mixture was again evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in water and hydrochloric-acid with boiling. The solution was neutralized with sodium-hydroxide. Sulfuric-acid, phosphoric-acid, nitroso-R-salt, and sodium-acetate-trihydrate solutions were added and the mixture was boiled.

Upon cooling, distilled water was added, and the amount of cobalt was determined colorimetrically. The authors conclude that the accuracy of this method is about 95 percent for atmospheric dust samples containing 100 or more milligrams of cobalt. KEYWORDS: DCN-118186 Atmosphere analyzers Chemical properties Dust collectors Analytical methods Calorimetry Laboratory testing Dust analysis Quantitative analysis Industrial hygiene CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: ANCHAM ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1948 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00129596 695 TITLE: DEGRADATION OF ACETONITRILE BY PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA AUTHORS: NAWAZ M CHAPATWALA KD WOLFRAM JH SOURCE: 89TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA, MAY 14-18, 1989. ABSTR ANNU MEET AM SOC MICROBIOL; 89 (0). 1989. 365. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT SOIL ISOLATE NITRILE HYDRATASE AMIDASE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY SOIL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Soil Microbiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Pseudomonadaceae (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-05-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ASMAC ENTRY MONTH: 198910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/29846 696 TITLE: DEGRADATION OF ACETONITRILE BY PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA AUTHORS: NAWAZ MS CHAPATWALA KD WOLFRAM JH SOURCE: APPL ENVIRON MICROBIOL; 55 (9). 1989. 2267-2274. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM NITRILE HYDROLASE AMIDASE SPECIFIC BIODEGRADATION POLLUTION CONTROL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION

SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-41-7 7664-41-7 1187-59-3 563-83-7 544-13-8 541-35-5 126-98-7 124-38-9 110-61-2 110-59-8 110-14-5 109-74-0 107-12-0 79-05-0 78-82-0 75-05-8 64-19-7 60-35-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AEMID ENTRY MONTH: 198911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/31273 697 TITLE: INORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF GANGA WATER IN THE REGION OF BERHAMPORE TO KATWA WEST BENGAL AUTHORS: SENGUPTA B LASKAR S DAS AK DAS J

SOURCE: INDIAN J ENVIRON HEALTH; 30 (3). 1988. 202-208. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM INDIA METAL IONS WATER OXYGEN SEWAGE WATER AGRICULTURAL WASTE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER GASES MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16887-00-6 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 14265-44-2 7723-14-0 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-03-1

7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: IJEHB ENTRY MONTH: 198911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/31543 698 TITLE: DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH OUR KNOWLEDGE AT PRESENT AND TRENDS IN THE NEAR FUTURE AUTHORS: PAIS I SOURCE: ACTA AGRON HUNG; 38 (1-2). 1989. 167-176. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN CIVILIZATION NUTRITION MICRO-ELEMENTS PHYSIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT ELEMENTS IMMUNOLOGY TOXICITY INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY AGRICULTURE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS DIET SURVEYS DIET POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL NUTRITION FEEDING BEHAVIOR IMMUNITY PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-Minerals Nutrition-General Dietary Studies Toxicology-General Animal Production-Feeds and Feeding

Immunology and Immunochemistry-General Agronomy-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7446-09-5 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AAHUE

ENTRY MONTH: 198911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/31971 699 TITLE: A SUMMARY OF FIELD SCREENING RESULTS FOR INORGANIC ANALYTES IN REGION X USING THE SCINTREX TUNGSTEN FILAMENT ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER AUTHORS: YERIAN T SOURCE: 198TH ACS (AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY) NATIONAL MEETING, MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA, USA, SEPTEMBER 10-15, 1989. ABSTR PAP AM CHEM SOC; 198 (0). 1989. ENVR 73. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT GROUNDWATER DRINKING WATER LEAD CHROMIUM NICKEL COPPER ZINC SELENIUM MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation General Biology-Symposia Methods Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: ACSRA ENTRY MONTH: 198911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/89/33463 700 TITLE: COMPARISON OF DITRAN INTOXICATION AND ACUTE ALCOHOL PSYCHOSES AUTHORS: ALPERT M ANGRIST B DIAMOND F GERSHON S SOURCE: KEUP, WOLFRAM (EDITED BY). ORIGIN AND MECH; 1970 245-259 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 64-17-5 467-68-5 CODEN: 01659 ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/03893 701 TITLE: UPTAKE OF MANGANESE-54 COBALT-60 AND TUNGSTEN-185 BY THE ROE OF THE BLACK SEA TURBOT AUTHORS: IVANOV VN SOURCE: HYDROBIOL J; 5 (2). 1969 45-46 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. SCOPTHALMUS-MAEOTICUS-MAEOTICUS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10198-40-0 13966-31-9

14932-41-3 CODEN: HYBJA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/02683 702 TITLE: Response to a low concentration of mercury vapor: Relation to human porphyrin metabolism. AUTHORS: Wada O Toyokawa K Suzuki T Suzuki S Yano Y Nakao K SOURCE: Arch. Environ, Health; 19(4): 485-8, 1969; (REF:19) ABSTRACT: HAPAB Prophyrin metabolism was studied in mercury-exposed workers; in addition, observations were made of serum cholinesterase ( ChE ) activity and the erythrocyte content of reduced glutathione ( GSH ). Forth-seven workers employed in tungsten rod manufacturing factory with various lengths of time of mercury exposure were examined; none had any clinical signs of mercury intoxication. Over several years the mercury concentration in the air of their workshop has been slightly below the maximum permissible concentration of 0.1 mg/cu m. The biochemical indices measured were urinary delta- aminolevulinic acid ( ALA ), coproporphyrin, protein ( biuret method ) and mercury ( slightly modified dithizone method ); the erythorcytes were tested for ALA dehydratase and GSH. Michel's method was used for serum ChE activity determination. The data collected showed high correlation between urinary mercury values, which ranged from 2 to 472 mcg/g creatinine, and the values for decreased ALA dehydratase and serum ChE activity. Urinary coproporphyrin also showed significant correlation with urinary mercury levels, although their values were not so prominent as in lead poisoning. In almost all the cases, the values for ALA and protein in the urine and for GSH in the erythrocytes remained at the normal levels. Thus, the disturbance in porphyrin metabolism among mercury- exposed workers was not so remarkeable as in lead-exposed workers. The conclusion is that the response of the biological system in vivo to the metal differs greatly from that in vitro and that the meximum concentration of mercury in the urine should be 200 mcg/g creatinine in chronic exposure to the inorganic form. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TREATMENT 70/01/00, 20 1969 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 106-60-5 7439-97-6

ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HAPAB/70/00073 703 TITLE: TRACE OXYANIONS AND THEIR BEHAVIOR IN THE RIVERS PORONG AND SOLO JAVA INDONESIA THE JAVA SEA AND THE ADJACENT INDIAN OCEAN AUTHORS: VAN DER SLOOT HA HOEDE D WIJKSTRA J SOURCE: SNELLIUS-II SYMPOSIUM, JAKARTA, INDONESIA, NOVEMBER 23-28, 1987. NETH J SEA RES; 23 (4). 1989. 379-386. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ARSENIC TUNGSTEN MOLYBDENUM VANADIUM GOLD URANIUM SELENIUM ANTIMONY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Ecology Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: NJSRB ENTRY MONTH: 199001 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/02223 704 TITLE: Visible-Light System for Detecting Doxorubicin Contamination on Skin and Surfaces AUTHORS: Van Raalte J Rice C Moss CE SOURCE: American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Vol. 47, No. 5, pages 1067-1074, 19 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: An investigation was conducted to develop a safe, portable method for identifying worker exposure to doxorubicin-hydrochloride (25316409). Doxorubicin fluoresces, emitting orange red light in the 580 nanometer range, when activated by violet blue light in the 465 nanometer range. The light system consisted of a Kodak Model AF-1 Ektagraphic slide projector fitted with a new General Electric ELH multi-morrow 300 watt, 120 volt tungsten halogen projection lamp of 3350 kelvin color temperature. The optical system of the projector was equipped with a condensing lens and an infrared filter. The slide compartment of the projector held a Melles-Groit, Model BG-12 glass filter that selectively passed short wave blue visible light. Doxorubicin fluorescence was both observed visually with viewing spectacles and photographed. Doxorubicin was visualized at concentrations as low as 0.002mg/ml or 1/2000 of the clinically administered concentration with this system. Since only visible light was used, concern about exposure to ultraviolet radiation was eliminated. The authors conclude that the system can be used to evaluate dermal or surface contamination by doxorubicin and to evaluate the effectiveness of methods used to remove the drug once spilled. KEYWORDS: DCN-205083 NIOSH Author Health care personnel Laboratory workers Chlorides Occupational exposure Nurses Skin exposure Antineoplastic agents Pharmaceuticals Analytical processes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 25316-40-9

CODEN: AJHPA9 ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00205204 705 TITLE: Cadmium exposure and health effects among residents in irrigation area with ore dressing wastewater. AUTHORS: CAI S-W ET AL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Environ. Health Eng., Chin. Acad. Preventive Med., Beijing, China. SOURCE: CHIN J PREV MED; 23 (3). 1989. 143-146. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. About 0.05 mg Cd was found in the irrigation water contaminated by the wastewater discharged from the wolfram ore dressing plants, and about 1 mg Cd/kg was found in irrigated acid soil. The main sources of the cadmium intake by residents, living in pollution areas, were agricultural products. The average intake of cadmium was 366.7---381.9 mug/d, smokers 416.6 mug/d. Among residents, who have been exposure to cadmium for more than 25 years, cadmium absorption (CdU \ 10 mug/g Cre) was 60% and early effects of target organ (CdU \15 mug/g Cre and BETA2 -mU\500 mug/g Cre) was 17%. Levels of CdU and CdB were beyond the critical value in the observation areas. The concentrations of CaU, beta2-mU and NAGU were significantly higher among residents in observation areas compared with control areas. Owing to the combined cadmium effect the cases with fractional beta2-m excretion > 0.10 were 46% in the observation areas, and it was much higher than that in control areas (20.3%) MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals

Metabolism-Minerals Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: CHYCD ENTRY MONTH: 199004 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/04334 706 TITLE: An analysis of the elemental composition of inorganic substances in broncho-alveolar lavage in normal subjects and in various pulmonary diseases (excluding silica and asbestos fibers). AUTHORS: DIETEMANN-MOLARD A MAIER E PELLETIER A HUTT N MAIER A BOHNER C PAULI G LEROY M JF ROEGEL E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Service de Pneumologie, Pavillon Laennec, CHRU, BP 426, F 67091 Strasbourg Cedex. SOURCE: REV MAL RESPIR; 6 (6). 1989. 511-517. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Owing to a technical analysis enabling the detection of mineral elements present in trace amounts of small volumes, an analysis of the liquid obtained in 148 broncho-alveolar lavages could be studied. The elements consistently recovered were as follows: iron, copper, zinc, nickel, lead and titanium. Normal values were established. In the absence of exposure, there was no significant difference distinguishing the different pulmonary disease studied. In occupatoinal disease, the presence of iron in large quantities, tungsten, nickel and rare earths could be shown objectively, as well as the persistence of gold or iodine after medical absorption. However, this preliminary work does not allow one to establish a formal correlation between the alveolar

concentrations obtained and the pulmonary disease observed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7553-56-2 7553-56-2 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-02-0 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: RMREE ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/06104 707 TITLE: Homogeneity tests and certification analyses of the IRANT coal fly ash reference material ECO by instrumental neutron activation analysis. AUTHORS: KUCERA J

SOUKAL L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Nuclear Research Inst., 250 68 Rez near Prague, Czechoslovakia. SOURCE: J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM; 134 (1). 1989. 209-220. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The instrumental neutron activation analysis technique (INAA) was used for homogeneity tests and certification analyses of the coal fly ash reference material ECO prepared at the Institute of Radioecology and Applied Nuclear Techniques (IRANT), Kosice, Czechoslovakia. The relative standard deviations due to inhomogeneity were found to be < 3% for 19 elements including for sample weights about 50 mg. The results of determination of the elements Al, As, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Dy, Eu, Fe, Ga, Hf, In, K, La, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Ta, Th, Ti, U, V, W, and Zn, were compared with the IRANT certified or information values. Inference was made on the reliability of the IRANT specified values for the element contents. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 82228-96-4 82228-96-4 14683-23-9 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-55-3 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5

7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 630-08-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JRNCD ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1989 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/06344 708 TITLE: STIMULATION AND INHIBITION OF ANAEROBIC PROCESSES BY HEAVY METALS A REVIEW AUTHORS: OLESZKIEWICZ JA SHARMA VK SOURCE: BIOL WASTES; 31 (1). 1990. 45-68. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BACTERIA MICROORGANISM WASTEWATER TREATMENT MICROBIAL DIGESTION FERMENTATION PARTITIONING SPECIATION BIOTIC DETOXIFYING MECHANISM ABIOTIC DETOXIFYING MECHANISM ACCLIMATION WASTE MANAGEMENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM SANITATION SEWAGE BIOLOGICAL ASSAY FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FERMENTATION

INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY BACTERIA KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Bioengineering Toxicology-General Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biosynthesis Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous Bacteria-Unspecified (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 57-12-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BIWAE ENTRY MONTH: 199005 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/10180 709 TITLE: Clinical findings among hard-metal workers. AUTHORS: FISCHBEIN A LUO J-C J SOLOMON SJ HOROWITZ S HAILO W MILLER A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Occupational Health, Sackler Fac. Med., Tel Aviv Univ., Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Isr. SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 49 (1). 1992. 17-24. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In 1940, the first report appeared

describing a pulmonary disorder associated with occupational exposures in the cemented tungsten carbide industry. The disease, known as "hard metal disease', has subsequently been characterised in detail and comprises a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms. In this report, clinical findings in a group of 41 hard metal workers employed until recently are described. A high prevalence of respiratory symptoms was found. Thirteen workers (31%) had abnormal chest radiographs indicative of interstitial lung disease. Fifty per cent of these had been employed in hard metal manufacturing for less than 10 years. Abnormalities of pulmonary function were also frequent and included a restrictive pattern of impairment and decrease in diffusing capacity (27%). Associations were found between diffusing capacity, chest radiographic abnormalities and right ventricular ejection fraction at exercise indicating cardiopulmonary effects. The findings show MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/06915 710 TITLE: Effects of trace elements on nitrogen mineralization in soils. AUTHORS: LIANG CN TABATABAI MA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Agron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa 50011, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRON POLLUT; 12 (2). 1977 141-147 ABSTRACT:

HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Studies to evaluate the effects on N mineralization of 19 trace elements showed that all 19 inhibit mineral N production in soils. The relative effectiveness of the trace elements in inhibition of N mineralization depends on the soil. When the trace elements were compared by using 5 mumol/g of soil, Ag(I) and Hg(II) were the most effective (with Ag(I) GEQ Hg(II)) and Co(II), As(III), Se(IV), As(V), and W(VI) the least effective in inhibition of N mineralization. Other trace elements that inhibited N mineralization in soils were Cu(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Sn(II), Cr(III), Fe(III), Al(III), B(III), V(IV) and Mo(VI); their degrees of effectiveness varied in the 4 soils studied. Ag(I), Hg(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Cr(III), Fe(III), Al(III), B(III) and Se(IV) inhibited nitrification, causing accumulation of ammonium-N in some of the soils used. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14798-03-9 14798-03-9 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: ENVPA ENTRY MONTH: 197712 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/77/09169 711 TITLE: PATTERNS IN TRACE ELEMENTS IN LICHENS AUTHORS: SLOOF JE WOLTERBEEK HT SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALS IN SOILS, WATERS, PLANTS AND ANIMALS, ORLANDO, FLORIDA, USA, APRIL 30-MAY 3, 1990. WATER AIR SOIL POLLUT; 57-58 (0). 1991. 785-796.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SURVEY RESULTS AIR POLLUTION INDICATOR HEAVY METALS CADMIUM NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER LICHENS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-20-2 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAPLA ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/07873 712 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENTS IN HIGH PURITY MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY CONTRIBUTION OF NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AND RADIOANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE AUTHORS: GALLORINI M PIETRA R SABBIONI E SOURCE: 4TH HUNGARO-ITALIAN SYMPOSIUM ON SPECTROCHEMISTRY, VESZPREM, HUNGARY, SEPTEMBER 11-15, 1989. ACTA CHIM HUNG; 128 (4-5). 1991. 663-676. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM SEMICONDUCTORS TOXICOLOGY CONTAMINANTS BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES PROSTHESES ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-58-6 7440-57-5

7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ACHUD ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/08082 713 TITLE: LUNG FUNCTION STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION IN RATS SUBCHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO DUSTS OF TUNGSTEN CARBIDE AND COBALT ALONE AND IN COMBINATION AUTHORS: COSTA DL LEHMANN JR KUTZMAN RS DREW RT SOURCE: WORLD CONFERENCE ON LUNG HEALTH, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, USA, MAY 20-24, 1990. AM REV RESPIR DIS; 141 (4 PART 2). 1990. A423. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN WORKER PROGRESSIVE INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS PNEUMOCONIOSIS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY STEROIDS STEROLS

COMPARATIVE STUDY PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY DENTAL EQUIPMENT DENTAL INSTRUMENTS DENTISTRY/METHODS DRUG ADMINISTRATION ROUTES POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-Sterols and Steroids Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Dental and Oral Biology-General Routes of Immunization Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARDSB ENTRY MONTH: 199009 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/20779 714 TITLE: Isolation and characterization of acetonitrile utilizing bacteria. AUTHORS: CHAPATWALA KD NAWAZ MS RICHARDSON JD WOLFRAM JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Natural Sci., Selma University, Selma, Ala.

SOURCE: J IND MICROBIOL; 5 (2-3). 1990. 65-70. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Bacteria utilizing high concentrations of acetonitrile as the sole carbon source were isolated and identified as Chromobacterium sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Maximum growth was attained after 96 h of incubation and P. aeruginosa grew slightly faster than Chromobacterium sp. The strains were able to grow and oxidize acetonitrile at concentrations as high as 600 mM. However, higher concentrations inhibited growth and oxygen uptake. Degradation studies with (14C)acetonitrile indicated 57% of acetonitrile was degraded by Pseudomonas aeruginosa as compared to 43% by Chromobacterium. The isolates utilized different nitrile compounds as carbon substrates. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1979- ) Gram-negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods-Uncertain Affiliation (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 75-05-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JIMIE ENTRY MONTH: 199010 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/23001

715 TITLE: FIBER IONITES AS PROSPECTIVE SORBENTS FOR ISOLATING HEAVY METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AUTHORS: SOLDATOV VS SERGEEV GI SOURCE: ZH VSES KHIM O-VA IM D I MENDELEEVA; 35 (1). 1990. 101-106. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW OSMOTIC STABILITY MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: ZVKOA ENTRY MONTH: 199010 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/24237 716 TITLE: Occupational Lung Diseases AUTHORS: Sheppard D Hughson WG Shellito J SOURCE: Occupational Medicine, J. LaDou, Editor; Appleton and Lange, Norwalk, Connecticut, pages 221-236, 17 references, 1990 ABSTRACT: Occupationally related lung diseases were discussed, with emphasis on chronic effects of toxic agents. Pulmonary function tests used in conjunction with clinical and occupational data were used to assess the nature and severity of occupational lung diseases. Tests included forced spirometry measurements, static lung volumes, diffusing capacity of carbon-monoxide, bronchial provocation tests, and exercise tests. The etiology, pathogenesis (reflex, inflammatory, and allergic bronchoconstriction), prevention and treatment of asthma were discussed. Examples of occupational asthma were byssinosis, and asthma due to grain dusts, wood dusts, metal salts and isocyanates. Patterns of asthma occurrence were categorized into early onset, late onset and dual onset types, based on time of asthma development after exposure. Also dealt with were clinical findings, differential diagnosis, prevention and treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, silicosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, asbestos (1332214) induced pleural disorders and airway dysfunction, asbestos induced lung cancer, beryllium (7440417) disease, and lung diseases induced by other inorganic dusts such as kaolin (1332587), mica (12001262), vermiculite (1318009) fiberglass and glass wool, and various metals such as tungsten-carbide (12070121), cobalt (7440484), titanium (7440326), and tantalum (7440257). KEYWORDS: DCN-208918 Carcinogens Lung disorders Occupational diseases Bronchial asthma Lung fibrosis Occupational exposure Respiratory hypersensitivity Respiratory system disorders Mineral dusts Dust exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1332-21-4 1332-21-4 7440-41-7 1332-58-7 12001-26-2 1318-00-9

12070-12-1 7440-48-4 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00209419 717 TITLE: Regularities of the combined action of small doses of certain antagonistic elements. AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sverdl. Res. Inst. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Dis., Sverdlovsk, USSR. SOURCE: GIG SANIT; (8). 1977 30-34 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. No intensified toxic effects occurred in the case of joint action of elements-antagonists, such as W and Cu, Mo and Cu, W, Mo and Cu and As in their peroral administration into the body in small doses. The combined action of W and Mo is the result of summation of their toxic effects. No complete leveling of the toxic effect could be noted in case of administering the elements-antagonists in doses at the level of threshold and action. The latter probably depends on the doses of elements forming the complex. The development of the toxic effects, probably depends not only on the extent of accumulation, but also on the their distribution in the body. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 197807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/78/05976 718

TITLE: Wuhan-American Comparison: A Comparison of Radiographic Interpretation of Silica Exposed Workers using the 1963 and 1986 Chinese Roentgenodiagnostic Criteria of Pneumoconioses AUTHORS: Chen R Hodous TK Liang Z Petersen M Den Y Chen J McLaughlin JK Blot WJ SOURCE: Study of Silicosis and Lung Cancer for Dust Exposed Workers (Silica, Silicosis and Lung Cancer); Tongji Medical University, China and National Cancer Institute, USA, pages 72-81, 9 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: X-ray diagnostic data from 1963 and 1986 surveys of pneumoconiosis in Chinese workers exposed to silica (14808607) were used for a comparative study of radiodiagnostic interpretations. Of 11 expert radiologists selected to reinterpret the films, three interpreted each film, and also participated in consensus interpretations. All interpretations used the 1986 criteria and the 1963 films were compared with 1986 standard films. A total of 1955 chest X-rays included 1128 Silicosis Registry films and 727 others. Crude agreement was obtained for 57.4% of the entire cohort. Disagreements were related to films termed suspect in the old reading and stage 0 in the new readings. Crude agreement within one step of identity was 92.5%. Old readings generally interpreted a slightly higher disease level (33%) than did new readings. A decrease in the trend to overread was seen in the progression from tin to iron/copper to pottery and tungsten mines. A comparison of median readings and consensus derived readings showed little difference between the two. Differences between the old and new interpretations were associated with the two different classifications used, reading biases, film deterioration, and the different algorithms used in the final interpretation. Higher old readings were attributed to the availability of other clinical data at the time of the old interpretations. The authors conclude that old interpretations represent a fair approximation to new ones, and that epidemiologic dose response studies can be reasonably based on old readings. KEYWORDS: DCN-211003 NIOSH Author Epidemiology Clinical diagnosis Metal dusts Miners Lung disease Mortality surveys Occupational diseases Occupational exposure Occupational hazards Radiodiagnosis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

14808-60-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199305 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00211271 719 TITLE: Fifteen years of radiological protection experience in a regional radiopharmacy. AUTHORS: HILDITCH TE ELLIOTT AT ANSTEE DE MURRAY T AUTHOR ADDRESS: West Scotland Health Boards, Dep. Clinical Physics Bio-Engineering, 11 West Graham St., Glasgow, G4 9LF, UK. SOURCE: HEALTH PHYS; 59 (1). 1990. 109-116. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Radiological protection experience in a regional radiopharmacy, currently handling 28.5 TBq (770 Ci) 99mTc y-1, is reviewed for the period 1974-1988. The results of personnel monitoring have shown a downward trend (by more than a factor of two) in radiation exposure of individual staff members, despite the workload per person (6000 GBq (162 Ci)99mTc y-1) remaining virtually constant. Adequate staff selection and training contribute to the reduction in dose. A significant reduction in dose to the eyes was achieved by installing lead glass screens in the radiopharmacy work stations, and tungsten syringe shields reduced radiation dose to the hands. The use of commercially available kits for producing 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals, rather than relying on in-house preparations that require more operator handling, has also contributed to reduction in radiation exposure. Internal contamination of staff members with 125I was markedly reduced when the practice of sub-dispendisng hi MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION PHARMACOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Pharmacology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/26224 720 TITLE: Semen quality and sex hormones among mild steel and stainless steel welders: A cross sectional study. AUTHORS: BONDE JP AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Occupational Med., Hosp. Aalborg, and Inst. Social Med., Univ. Aarhus, Denmark. SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 47 (8). 1990. 508-514. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Welding may be detrimental to the male reproductive system. To test this hypothesis, semen quality was examined in 35 stainless steel welders, 46 mild steel welders, and 54 non-welding metal workers and electricians. These figures represent a participation rate of 37.1% in welders and 36.7% in non-welding subjects. The mean exposure to welding fume particulates was 1.3 mg/m3 (SD 0.8) in stainless steel welders using tungsten inert gas, 3.2 mg/m2 (SD 1.0) in low exposed mild steel welders using manual metal arc or metal active gas (n = 31), and 4.7 mg/m"3 (SD 2.1) in high exposed mild steel welders (n = 15). The semen quality of each participant was defined in terms of the mean values of the particular semen parameters in three semen samples delivered at monthly intervals in a period with occupational exposure in a steady stae. The sperm concentration was not reduced in either mild steel or stainless steel welders. The sperm count per ejaculate, the proportion of normal s MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES MINERALS GENITALIA/PHYSIOLOGY GENITALIA/METABOLISM REPRODUCTION GENITALIA/PATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY REPRODUCTION FEMALE

GONADS MALE PLACENTA PITUITARY GLAND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biochemical Studies-Minerals Reproductive System-Physiology and Biochemistry Reproductive System-Pathology Endocrine System-Gonads and Placenta Endocrine System-Pituitary Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12597-69-2 12597-69-2 12597-68-1 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/90/26227 721 TITLE: Absorbed Dose to Technicians due to Induced Activity in Linear Accelerators for Radiation Therapy AUTHORS: Almen A Ahlgren L Mattsson S SOURCE: Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 36, No. 6, pages 815-822, 7 references, 1991 ABSTRACT: The absorbed radiation dose due to induced activity in technicians working with high energy accelerators, and the time variation of the absorbed dose rate in a treatment room were investigated. In a total of 24 technicians,

thermoluminescence dosimeters were used to measure the absorbed radiation doses. Five dosimeters were carried on the trunk, and five on the wrist for 10 work days. Radiation penetrating the treatment room walls was measured using six dosimeters at the control console of the accelerator. The survey involved seven accelerators in six Swedish hospitals. Results showed that the average extrapolated yearly dose to the trunk in technicians was 2.0 milligrays (mGy), while that to the hands was 2.1mGy. While the absorbed dose to the trunk was fairly constant for the various accelerators, the dose to the hands varied considerably. The absorbed dose immediately after treatment was dominated by aluminum-28 and copper-62. Later, the absorbed doses were dominated by radionuclides with longer half lives (tungsten-187 and nickel-57 (Ni-57), and the last had the longest half life (36 hours). The authors conclude that due to the longer half lives of these radionuclides, the radioactivity in the accelerator will build up, and technicians will be irradiated every time they enter the treatment room, not only directly after a treatment session. KEYWORDS: DCN-211275 Absorption rates Dosimetry Radiation therapy Medical personnel Occupational exposure Radiation exposure Radiological equipment Nuclear medicine CODEN: PHMBA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00210876 722 TITLE: Role of soil organic matter in a desert soil on plant response to silver, tungsten, colbalt and lead. AUTHORS: ROMNEY EM WALLACE A WOOD R EL-GAZZAR AM CHILDRESS JD ALEXANDER GV AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lab. Nucl. Med. Radiat. Biol., Environ. Biol. Div., Univ. Calif., Los Angeles, Calif., USA. SOURCE: COMMUN SOIL SCI PLANT ANAL; 8 (9). 1977 (RECD 1978) 719-726

ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Barley plants grown in a soil very low in organic matter had higher concentrations of MN, Cu, Zn and Mo than when the plants were grown in soil considerably higher in organic matter. Application of some heavy metals (Co, W, Ag) resulted in much more severe photoxicity on low organic matter soil than on high organic matter soil. FeDTPA (ferric diethylene triamine pentaacetate acid) increased Fe levels in plants much more on low organic matter soil than on high organic matter soil. Low organic matter soil resulted in a lower Cs level from the applied Cs than from the high organic matter soil. S increased Mn concentration of plants even though all the soil was not neutralized. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7704-34-9 7704-34-9 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-46-2 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 CODEN: CSOSA ENTRY MONTH: 197807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/78/07897 723 TITLE: Hard metal interstitial pulmonary disease associated with a form of welding in a metal parts coating plant. AUTHORS: FIGUEROA S GERSTENHABER B WELCH L KLIMSTRA D WALKER-SMITH GJ BECKETT W AUTHOR ADDRESS: Occupational Med. Prog., Yale Univ. Sch. Med., 333 Cedar St., New Haven, Conn. 06510. SOURCE: AM J IND MED; 21 (3). 1992. 363-373. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We describe two cases of hard metal pulmonary disease (one fatal) in workers employed in the same area of a metal coating plant using the detonation gun process for applying a

durable metal surface to metal parts. In this form of welding, a mixture of powdered metals, including tungsten carbide and cobalt, is heated by ignition of a flammable gas and propelled from the end of the "gun" at high temperature and velocity to form a welded metal coating. This process is done in an enclosed chamber and with each application, large volumes of fine aerosols are created. Inhalation exposure to hard metal may occur during the mounting and removal of the metal parts between applications, in spite of engineering controls and industrial hygiene surveillance. One of the cases presented with minimal chest x-ray abnormalities and an obstructive pattern on pulmonary function testing, although subsequent open lung biopsy showed diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. The fact that two ca MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AJIMD ENTRY MONTH: 199206 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/12319 724 TITLE: NON-RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINANTS FROM URANIUM MINING AND MILLING AT RANGER JABIRU NORTHERN TERRITORY AUSTRALIA AUTHORS: NOLLER BN

SOURCE: FOURTH SYMPOSIUM ON OUR ENVIRONMENT, SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE, MAY 21-23, 1990. ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS; 19 (1-3). 1991. 383-400. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM INDUSTRIAL WASTE ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD WATER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Social Biology Radiation-General Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Ecology Ecology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Organisms-Unspecified Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 13494-80-9 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2

7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-44-0 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: EMASD ENTRY MONTH: 199206 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/13618 725 TITLE: Preconcentration method for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric analysis for heavy metals in Antarctic snow at sub ng kg-1 levels. AUTHORS: SUTTIE ED WOLFF EW AUTHOR ADDRESS: British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Res. Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK. SOURCE: ANAL CHIM ACTA; 258 (2). 1992. 229-236. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An improved technique for concentration heavy metals onto the surface of tungsten wires, prior to analysis for electrothermal atomic spectrometry, is reported. Ultraclean methods and materials, described here, have enabled improvements in detection limits to be realised. With the new procedure, detection limits of 0.01 ng Cd Kg-1, 0.47 ng Cu kg-1, 0.22 ng Pb kg-1 and 0.24 ng Zn kg-1 are obtained. These are low enough to allow analysis of ancient and modern Antarctic snow, except perhaps for cadmium. A comparison with samples injected directly into the graphite furnace shows good agreement, confirming that the method is suitable for the simple polar snow matrix. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6

7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ACACA ENTRY MONTH: 199207 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/15644 726 TITLE: Mortality among Dust-Exposed Chinese Mine and Pottery Workers AUTHORS: Chen J McLaughlin JK Zhang J-Y Stone BJ Luo J Chen R Dosemeci M Rexing SH Wu Z Hearl FJ McCawley MA Blot WJ SOURCE: Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 34, No. 3, pages 311-316, 20 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: A cohort study was undertaken among workers from four types of industrial factories/mines in south and central China where dusty conditions prevailed, in an effort to evaluate mortality from respiratory diseases, cancer, and other causes among workers exposed to silica (14808607) dusts. Information was gathered from 21 mines (ten tungsten, six copper and iron, and four tin), and eight pottery factories. A followup of workers through December of 1989 revealed 6192 deaths, which was close to that expected based on Chinese national mortality tables. Nearly a six fold increase was noted in deaths from pulmonary heart disease and a 48% excess of mortality was noted from nonmalignant respiratory diseases, primarily because there was a more than 30 fold excess of pneumoconiosis. Pulmonary heart disease and noncancerous respiratory disease rates rose in proportion to dust exposure. Cancer mortality was not increased nor was there an increased risk of lung cancer, except among tin miners. Risks of lung cancer were 22% higher among workers with than without silicosis. The authors conclude that this large cohort of workers in four groups of mines and factories in China has shown that deaths from respiratory disease and its complications have continued at elevated levels through the 1980s, but a major carcinogenic hazard has yet to appear.

KEYWORDS: DCN-205922 NIOSH Author Dust exposure Mineral dusts Underground mining Mine workers Cancer rates Risk factors Respiratory system disorders Epidemiology Mortality data Pottery industry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 CODEN: JOCMA7 ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00206043 727 TITLE: Free radicals and lung injury: VI. Endotoxin-induced injury of pulmonary artery endothelial cells. AUTHORS: SHI S LUO Z AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathophysiol., Hunan Med. Univ., China. SOURCE: HUNAN YIKE DAXUE XUEBAO; 15 (3). 1990. 219-222. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The direct effect of endotoxin on bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells was observed. After exposure of endothelial cells to endotoxin for 24 hours, cell retraction, pyknosis and cell detachment were revealed by phase contrast microsocpe. Neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells exposed to endotoxin also increased (51.04 | 1.84% vs 31.11 | 1.39%, P < 0.01). The release rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and content of malondiadehyde(MDA) of endothelial cells increased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase(CAT) activities of endothelial cells reduced in a dose-dependent manner. The release rate of LDH significantly correlated with the increase of the content of MDA and the decrease of the activities of SOD and CAT. The correlation coefficient were +0.739, -0.739, -0.666 respectively (P < 0.01). Tungsten, allopruinol (both agents are xanthine oxidase inhibitors) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, hydroxyl radical scavenger) attenuated the injury induced by endot

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY LIPIDS CARBOHYDRATES ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM BACTERIA ARTIODACTYLA KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Lipids Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Medical and Clinical Microbiology-Bacteriology Bovidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11034-88-1 11034-88-1 3352-57-6 542-78-9 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: HYXBE ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/03264 728 TITLE: PROBLEMS OF METALS IN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AUTHORS: ROSHCHIN AV

SOURCE: GIG TR PROF ZABOL; 11. 1977 (RECD 1978) 28-35 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. USSR HUMAN TOXICOLOGY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-15-5 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 CODEN: GTPZA ENTRY MONTH: 197811 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/00774 729 TITLE: USE OF REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION WITH RADIOCHEMICAL SEPARATION AUTHORS: WOITTIEZ J RW SOURCE: FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS, ORLANDO, FLORIDA, USA, FEBRUARY 5-8, 1990. FRESENIUS' J ANAL CHEM; 338 (4). 1990. 575-579. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM FOOD TOXICOLOGY CHROMIUM ZINC IRON CADMIUM COBALT GOLD MOLYBDENUM SILVER TUNGSTEN THORIUM MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS

MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FOOD ANALYSIS FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-Evaluations of Physical and Chemical Properties (1970- ) Toxicology-Foods CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-22-4 7439-98-7 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/05628 730 TITLE: Memory deficits in workers suffering from hard metal disease. AUTHORS: JORDAN C WHITMAN RD HARBUT M TANNER B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Psychol., Wayne State Univ., 71 West Warren, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.

SOURCE: TOXICOL LETT (AMST); 54 (2-3). 1990. 241-244. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This study examined memory functioning on the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised in a group of adult tungsten carbide workers with hard metal disease and a group of matched controls. The hard-metal-exposed group of workers showed memory deficits related to difficulties in attention and verbal memory, with an apparent sparing of visual-spatial memory. Implications of this finding for future research are discussed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BEHAVIOR HUMAN MINERALS NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY MENTAL DISORDERS/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Behavioral Biology-Human Behavior Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nervous System-Pathology Psychiatry-Psychophysiology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TOLED ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/06414 731 TITLE: Monitoring of air for microbial and metal contamination at selected sites in the vicinity of Johannesburg, South Africa. AUTHORS: YOUSEFI V RAMA D BK AUTHOR ADDRESS:

National Centre Occupational Health, P.O. Box 4788, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa. SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 116 (1-2). 1992. 159-167. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A preliminary survey was undertaken to identify air contamination in the vicinity of industrial, residential and hospital sites. In many developing countries, poor town planning has resulted in growth of residential and commercial sites in close proximity to the industrial works, without the provision of a buffer zone. As prevailing winds blow across the industrial works to the other areas, undesirable pollution may be experienced. Before steps are taken to reduce factory emissions, the impact of the industry on the surrounding area needs to be clearly defined. In this study, the total particulate matter and the level of microbial contamination at the selected sites is reported. The elemental composition of the particulate matter is described. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Medical and Clinical Microbiology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous Microorganisms-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5

7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/23535 732 TITLE: Decreased nerve conduction velocity in optic nerve following early post-natal low dose lead exposure. AUTHORS: CONRADI NG SJOSTROM A GUSTAFSSON B WIGSTROM H AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Pathol., Sahlgren Hospital, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Swed. SOURCE: ACTA PHYSIOL SCAND; 140 (4). 1990. 515-520. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A study was made on nerve conduction velocity of the optic nerve in rats subjected to lead exposure during the first 2 weeks of post-natal life. The rats were given intraperitoneal injections with a calculated daily exposure of 7.6 mug (low-dose) or 15.8 mug (high-dose) lead g-1 body weight. Growth retardation at 30 days was seen only with the higher dose. Littermates of low-dose exposed rat were injected with vehicle only and served as controls. Lead concentrations in blood and brain were measured in rats of 20 days of age in order to ascertain that exposure was adequate in the present litters. Nerve conduction velocity of the optic nerve was examined in 14 rats of 30 days of age taken from 10 different litters. The optic nerve(s) was prepared in anesthetized rats and placed in a flow-through incubation chamber. One stimulating and two recording tungsten electrodes were used. In all rats, three positive-negative waves, regarded as representing three functional groups of MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS

LIPIDS CARBOHYDRATES MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY SENSE ORGANS/PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS NERVOUS SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CELL DIFFERENTIATION FETAL DEVELOPMENT MORPHOGENESIS EMBRYOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Lipids Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Metabolism-Proteins Blood Sense Organs Nervous System-General Nervous System-Pathology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Developmental Biology-Embryology-Morphogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: APSCA ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/07109

733 TITLE: Trace metal lung diseases: A new fatal case of hard metal pneumoconiosis. AUTHORS: DELLA TORRE F CASSANI M SEGALE M SCARPAZZA G PIETRA R SABIONI E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Radiochem. Div., Commission European Communities, Joint Res. Cent., Ispra Establishment, I-21020 Ispra, Varese, Italy. SOURCE: RESPIRATION; 57 (4). 1990. 248-253. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Four subjects working in sharpening and grinding operations of hard metal tools were examined. Only 1 worker, a 37-year-old female exposed for 7 years to hard metal dusts, developed hard metal pneumoconiosis, which rapidly progressed to death. Cytology of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a high number of eosinophils, more than 30% of the cell population. Biopsy of the lung revealed interstitial fibrosis with hyperplasia of the pneumocytes of the second type and inflammatory cellular infiltration of the interstitium. High tungsten (W) and tantalum concentrations were determined in the admission BAL and in the biopsy 4 months later by neutron activation analysis whie cobalt (Co) levels were near to normal values. The content of Co and W in blood and urine and particularly in pubic hair and toe nails of the patients was significantly higher than the normal values. This suggests that these biolgocial specimens could be used as indicators of chronic exposure to hard m MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY NECROSIS/PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS

RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY SKIN/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Microscopy Techniques-Cytology and Cytochemistry Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Social Biology Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Blood Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Integumentary System-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: RESPB ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/07127 734 TITLE: Biomonitoring of genotoxic exposure among stainless steel welders. AUTHORS: KNUDSEN LE BOISEN T CHRISTENSEN JM JELNES JE JENSEN GE

JENSEN JC LUNDGREN K LUNDSTEEN C PEDERSEN B ET AL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Toxicol. Biol., Danish Natl. Inst. Occupational Health, Lerso Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. SOURCE: MUTAT RES; 279 (2). 1992. 129-143. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A biosurvey in the Danish metal industry measured the genotoxic exposure from stainless steel welding. The study comprised measurements of chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in peripheral lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulin G. Environmental monitoring of welding fumes and selected metal oxides, biomonitoring of chromium and nickel in serum and urine and mutagenic activity in urine, and evaluation of semen quality were also done. Manual metal arc (MMA) welding and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding were the dominant welding processes. A higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations, classified as translocations, double minutes, exchanges and rings, was observed in stainless steel welders than in non-welders. SCE was lower in welders working with both MMA and TIG welding than in reference persons. N-Acetoxy-N-acetylaminofluorene (NA-AAF)-induced UDS was lower in 23 never-smoking welders than in 19 unexposed never-sm MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES MINERALS NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12597-68-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUREA ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/23647 735 TITLE: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE CONTENTS AND LEACHING OF TRACE ELEMENTS FROM FLY-ASH ORIGINATING FROM POLISH HARD COAL BY NAA AND AAS METHODS AUTHORS: DYBCZYNSKI R KULISA K MALUSECKA M MANDECKA M POLKOWSKA-MOTRENKO H STERLINSKI S SZOPA Z SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES, GAITHERSBURG, MARYLAND, USA, 1989. BIOL TRACE ELEM RES; 26/27 (0). 1990. 335-346. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM POLLUTION NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-Minerals

Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Organisms-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68131-74-8 68131-74-8 8029-10-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BTERD ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/07960 736 TITLE: Acidification adjacent to an elemental sulfur stockpile: II. Trace element redistribution.

AUTHORS: WARREN CJ DUDAS MJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Soil Sci., University Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3. SOURCE: CAN J SOIL SCI; 72 (2). 1992. 127-134. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Total concentrations of Ag, As, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cs, Ga, Hf, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Ta, Th, U, V, W, Zn, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb, and Lu, were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for samples of elemental sulfur and samples of soil material from selected depths adjacent to a large elemental sulfur stockpile. The objective was to determine the total content of trace elements and examine their redistribution within surficial till material influenced b ocntain detectable (by INAA) quantities of other elements to contribute to soil contamination. Elements mobilized within the acidified section were derived solely from the parent till. An Fe-rich indurated layer that formed at the interface of the acidified and calcareous layers acted as a scavenger for As, Co, and Ga. Formation of aqueous sulfate complexes probably inhibited attenuation of Mn, Sc, Th, U, Zn and rare earth elements. Barium and Hf were enriched in the acidified ma MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7704-34-9 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-42-8

7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7429-91-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CJSSA ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/23758 737 TITLE: APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES AS EXEMPLIFIED BY RECENT RESEARCH PROGRAMS OF THE IAEA AUTHORS: PARR RM CORTES-TORO E SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS IN THE LIFE SCIENCES, GAITHERSBURG, MARYLAND, USA, 1989. BIOL TRACE ELEM RES; 26/27 (0). 1990. 671-682. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN HAIR SOLID WASTE FOOD OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PARTICLE INDUCED X-RAY EMISSION INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION CLIMATE ECOLOGY

METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS DIAGNOSIS SKIN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Nutrition-General Studies Integumentary System-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BTERD ENTRY MONTH: 199105

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/07976 738 TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATION OF ALKYLATED AND INORGANIC FORMS OF CERTAIN METALS AUTHORS: SAXENA J HOWARD PH SOURCE: PERLMAN, D. (ED.). ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, VOL. 21. X+300P. ACADEMIC PRESS: NEW YORK, N.Y., USA; LONDON, ENGLAND. ISBN 0-12-002621-X.; 1977 (RECD 1978) 185-226 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. MICROORGANISMS ARSENIC MERCURY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22967-92-6 22967-92-6 16056-34-1 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-88-5 593-80-6

593-79-3 593-57-7 CODEN: 06721 ENTRY MONTH: 197905 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/05711 739 TITLE: Sex Hormones and Semen Quality in Welders Exposed to Hexavalent Chromium AUTHORS: Bonde JP Ernst E SOURCE: Human and Experimental Toxicology, Vol. 11, No. 4, pages 259-263, 15 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: The relationship between semen quality and chromium (7440473) content in the urine and blood of a population of low level exposed welders, nonwelding metal workers, and electricians was examined. The study population included 30 tungsten inert gas (TIG) stainless steel welders, 30 manual metal arc and/or metal active gas mild steel welders (MS) and 47 referents (nonwelding metal workers and electricians). These 107 individuals were employed at six work sites in Denmark. Chromium concentrations in the urine ranged from 0.17 to 4.14 nanomoles/millimole creatinine in post shift spot urine and from 6.0 to 46.4 nanomoles/liter in blood. Semen parameters were not deteriorated in any of the test samples taken with increasing levels of chromium. The authors conclude that the small levels of exposure to hexavalent chromium association with TIG stainless steel and MS welding did not appear to be posing a major problem for human spermatogenesis. KEYWORDS: DCN-208794 Hexavalent chromium compounds Reproductive system disorders Hormone activity Reproductive hazards Chromium compounds Welding industry Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 CODEN: HETOEA ENTRY MONTH: 199304

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00209259 740 TITLE: Effect of heavy metal environmental pollution on the structure of the interphase nuclei of human somatic cells. AUTHORS: TOKAREV IV KANATOVA IT NIKKOLOVA BS AUTHOR ADDRESS: North-Osset State Univ., Ordzhonikidze, USSR. SOURCE: IZV SEV-KAVK NAUCHN TSENTRA VYSSH SHK ESTESTV NAUKI; 0 (2). 1990. 52-57. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The buccal cell smears of 400 preschool age children were subjected to a cytological examination. The kindergartens were located in areas which differed in the intensity of heavy metal accumulation in the soil. Data were presented on Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, W, Mo, and Sb concentration as a function of a distance from a nonferrous metallurgical plant. It was shown that the study of the morphology of the nuclei of the buccal smear for evaluating the impact of the environment on the health of children is sufficiently sensitive. Changes in the structure of the nuclei in children from areas with high heavy metal concentration were described, as were the results of the pollution. Geochemical data on the state of the environment make it possible to determine regions with a high level of pollution. Recommendations were made for conducting extended medical examinations (including cytological methods) of children in these areas. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MICROSCOPY BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM MOUTH/PHYSIOLOGY MOUTH/METABOLISM TOOTH/PHYSIOLOGY TOOTH/METABOLISM MOUTH DISEASES/PATHOLOGY TOOTH DISEASES/PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDIATRICS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Microscopy Techniques-General and Special Techniques Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Dental and Oral Biology-Physiology and Biochemistry Dental and Oral Biology-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Pediatrics Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: ISTVA ENTRY MONTH: 199105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/09315 741 TITLE: Biomonitoring of Genotoxic Exposure among Stainless Steel Welders AUTHORS: Knudsen LE Boisen T Christensen JM Jelnes JE Jensen GE Jensen JC Lundgren K Lundsteen C Pedersen B Wassermann K Wilhardt P Wulf HC Zebitz U

SOURCE: Mutation Research, Vol. 279, No. 2, pages 129-143, 58 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: Genotoxic effects among stainless steel welders in Denmark were investigated. The study population consisted of 127 male welders from 15 work places. Each week, five to six welders were matched with the same number of nonwelders. Blood and urine samples were collected for spectroscopic analyses of chromium (7440473) (Cr) and nickel (7440020). Cytogenetic monitoring involved counts of chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in peripheral lymphocytes as well as immunoglobulin-G estimations. Air monitoring on cellulose-acetate filters was carried out for 1 full day for each subject. Information on smoking habits, alcohol consumption, medication, x-ray examinations, viral infections, and previous work was obtained through questionnaires. Manual metal arc (MMA) welding and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding were the dominant processes used. Results showed that serum and urine Cr levels were significantly higher in the MMA welders than in TIG welders. SCEs were lower in welders than in the reference population and significantly so in smokers. In nonsmokers, SCEs were significantly lower in MMA plus TIG welders versus TIG welders. A significantly higher number of CAs was found in stainless steel welders than in nonwelders. UDS was lower in 23 never smoking welders than in 19 unexposed never smokers. No significant correlation was found between CA and SCE or UDS. MMA welders had higher lymphocyte counts; UDS decreased with increasing lymphocyte counts. Multiple regression analyses indicated that smoking and age were confounding factors. The authors conclude that increased serum Cr concentration and CAs in stainless steel welders using MMA indicates a higher chromate generation by the MMA process. KEYWORDS: DCN-208998 Chromium compounds DNA damage Heavy metal poisoning Metal workers Occupational exposure Occupational hazards Toxic effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 CODEN: MUREAV ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00207981 742 TITLE: LIPID COMPOSITION OF AIRWAY SECRETIONS FROM HEALTHY AND PULMONARY DISEASED

PATIENTS AUTHORS: KILBURN KH KUO LC SOURCE: FED PROC; 37 (3). 1978 447 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT CHOLESTEROL FREE FATTY-ACIDS STEROL ESTERS TRI GLYCERIDES DI GLYCERIDES MONO GLYCERIDES SILICOSIS BRONCHITIS BRONCHIOLAR CELL CARCINOMA TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT ALVEOLITIS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7631-86-9 7440-48-4 CODEN: FEPRA ENTRY MONTH: 197807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/78/08701 743 TITLE: TRANSFORMATION OF RICE USING A TUNGSTEN MEDIATED MICROPROJECTILE METHOD AUTHORS: HAJELA R HAJELA N WU R STICKLEN MB SOURCE: SYMPOSIUM ON THE GENETIC DISSECTION OF PLANT CELL PROCESSES HELD AT THE 20TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE KEYSTONE SYMPOSIA ON MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, KEYSTONE, COLORADO, USA, JANUARY 10-17, 1991. J CELL BIOCHEM SUPPL; 0 (15 PART A). 1991. 57. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT BETA GLUCURONIDASE GLYPHOSPHATE RESISTANCE INSECT RESISTANCE CEREAL BREEDING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/GENETICS BIOCHEMISTRY ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/ENZYMOLOGY

CEREALS PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ARACHNIDA ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS PLANTS GRASSES INSECTS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Biochemical Studies-General Enzymes-Physiological Studies Plant Physiology Agronomy-Grain Crops Pest Control Economic Entomology-Field Gramineae Insecta-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1071-83-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JCBSD ENTRY MONTH: 199106 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/14231 744 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF TIN BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY WITH A TUNGSTEN-COATED TUBE AUTHORS: IWAMOTO E SHIMAZU H YOKOTA K KUMAMARU T SOURCE: XXVII COLLOQUIUM SPECTROSCOPICUM INTERNATIONALE, BERGEN, NORWAY, JUNE 9-14, 1991. J ANAL AT SPECTROM; 7 (2). 1992. 421-424. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM FISH SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ANALYTICAL METHOD

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FISH PRODUCTS FISHES FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ANALYSIS FOOD TECHNOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FISHES KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-Fish and Other Marine and Freshwater Products Food Technology-Evaluations of Physical and Chemical Properties (1970- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Pisces-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-31-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/26112 745 TITLE: Concentrations of inorganic elements and fatty acids in geographic populations of the spot prawn Pandalus platyceros. AUTHORS: WHYTE J NC BOUTILLIER JA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Fisheries and Oceans, Biological Sci., Pacific Biological Stn., Nanaimo, B.C. V9T 5K6, Can. SOURCE: CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI; 48 (3). 1991. 382-390. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Inorganic elements and fatty acids were quantified in body segments of different size classes of the spot prawn Pandalus platyceros collected from various locations in British Columbia (Canada). Substantial differences in concentration of elements occurred in different body segments of the spot prawn, with the exoskeleton accumulating the highest number of quantifiable elements. Comparison of elements in abdomen carapace and tissue from immature males, mature males, and females indicated no correlation between element concentration and size, age, or sex of the spot prawn. Fatty acid profiles were similar for all body parts, except the hepsatopancreas, and of the major fatty acids, only the content of 18:1n9 increased significantly with age of the spot prawn. Fatty acids and elements i8n the abdomen tissue of spot prawns from different locations were not significantly different and indicated similarity of diet irrespective of location. The concentration of elements absor MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS/GENETICS ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY BIOCHEMISTRY LIPIDS METABOLISM NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY THYROID GLAND CELL DIFFERENTIATION FETAL DEVELOPMENT MORPHOGENESIS EMBRYOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMALS ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE ANIMAL CRUSTACEA PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY ABDOMEN/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY ANIMAL INVERTEBRATES CRUSTACEA KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Lipids Metabolism-General Metabolism Nutrition-General Studies Digestive System-Pathology Endocrine System-Thyroid Developmental Biology-Embryology-Morphogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Air

Animal Distribution (1971- ) Invertebrata Invertebrate Body Regions and Structures-Abdomen (1971- ) Invertebrate Body Regions and Structures-Hard Parts (1971- ) Malacostraca CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-16-6 7440-05-3 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CJFSD ENTRY MONTH: 199107 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/15439 746 TITLE: The Hard Metal Diseases AUTHORS: Cugell DW SOURCE: Clinics in Chest Medicine, Vol. 13, No. 2, pages 269-279, 66 references, 1992 ABSTRACT: The adverse health effects associated with exposure to hard metals or their components were reviewed. The cobalt (7440484) rather than the tungsten (7440337) contained in hard metal has been found to be responsible for the development of pulmonary disease in exposed workers. Cobalt inhalation has resulted in asthmatic reactions, hypersensitivity lung disease, and interstitial lung disease. The prevalence of asthma as a result of hard metal exposure has been estimated to be between 2.0% and 10.9% in hard metal or cobalt workers. The relationship between bronchial hyperreactivity and cobalt exposure has been unclear, however cobalt has been found to be both allergenic and cytotoxic. Repeated cobalt exposures have been associated with the development of hypersensitivity lung disease with flu like symptoms, the presence of reticulonodular infiltrates on chest radiographs, and the development of fibrotic lung disease. Pulmonary fibrosis after cobalt exposure has been reported in a small percentage of workers. A discussion of the diagnosis and treatment of the giant cell interstitial pneumonitis type of pulmonary fibrosis was presented. Methods for the control of occupational exposure to cobalt included the use of wet rather than dry grinding methods, the installation of proper exhaust and ventilation systems, the use of face masks and respirators in high dust concentration areas, and periodic health screenings. The monitoring of worker exposure levels using measurement of urinary cobalt levels, spirometric measurements, and chest radiographs was described. KEYWORDS: DCN-210278 Occupational exposure Cobalt compounds Cobalt alloys Metal dusts Hard metals Lung disorders Lung fibrosis Metal workers

Respiratory system disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: CCHMDA ENTRY MONTH: 199305 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00210547 747 TITLE: THE BEHAVIOR OF HEAVY METALS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE-AMENDED SOILS AUTHORS: ALLOWAY BJ JACKSON AP SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 100 (0). 1991. 151-176. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN HEALTH MICROORGANISM ACTIVITY CROP SPECIES ACCUMULATION TOXICITY WASTE DISPOSAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING GROUNDWATER POLLUTION PH HYDROUS OXIDE CARBONATE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BIOLOGY/METHODS ECOLOGY PLANTS ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MICROBIOLOGY SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL MICROBIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL SOIL MICROBIOLOGY PLANTS

HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Methods Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Microorganisms Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Microbiology Plant Physiology Agronomy-General Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Microorganisms-Unspecified Angiospermae Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 17778-88-0 17778-88-0 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEVA ENTRY MONTH: 199107

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/17518 748 TITLE: Conversion of sodium cyanide to carbon dioxide and ammonia by immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida. AUTHORS: BABU G RV WOLFRAM JH CHAPATWALA KD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Natural Sci., Selma Univ., Selma, Ala. 36701, USA. SOURCE: J IND MICROBIOL; 9 (3-4). 1992. 235-238. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Pseudomonas putida, isolated from contaminated industrial wastewaters and soil sites, was found to utilize sodium cyanide (NaCN) as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Cells, immobilized in calcium alginate beads (1-2 mm diameter) were aerated in air-uplift-type fluidized batch bioreactor containing 100-400 ppm of NaCN. Degradation of NaCN was monitored for 168 h by analyzing gaseous and dissolved ammonia (NH3), CO2, pH and optical density. The results indicated that the alginate-immobilized cells of P. putida were able to degrade NaCN into NH3 and CO2 in a time-dependent manner. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY CARBOHYDRATES BIOPHYSICS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS MEMBRANES/PHYSIOLOGY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING METABOLISM ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ANTIDOTES

POISONING/PREVENTION & CONTROL ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/CYTOLOGY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Biophysics-Membrane Phenomena Biophysics-Bioengineering Metabolism-General Metabolism Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Nutrition-General Studies Toxicology-General Toxicology-Antidotes and Preventative Toxicology (1972- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Morphology and Cytology of Bacteria Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Plant Physiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-41-7 7664-41-7 143-33-9 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JIMIE ENTRY MONTH: 199211 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/26320 749 TITLE: Sex hormones and semen quality in welder exposed to hexavalent chromium. AUTHORS: BONDE JP ERNST E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institute Pathology, Hospital Aalborg, DK 9000 Aalborg, Denmark. SOURCE: HUM EXP TOXICOL; 11 (4). 1992. 259-263. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Recent experimental studies in rodents document the spermatotoxic effects of water-soluble haxavalent chromium. Welders comprise, worldwide, a major occuptional group with acknowledged exposure to chromium. This study examines the relationship between semen quality and chromium in the urine and blood of a population of 30 tungsten inert gas (TIG) stainless steel welders, 30 mild steel welders and 47 non-welding workers. Each subject provided two to three samples. The chromium concentration ranged from 0.17 to 4.74 nmol mmol1 creatinine (median 1.08) in post-shift spot urine and from 6.0 to 46.4 nmol-1 in blood. None of several semen parameters deteriorated with increasing level of internal exposure to chromium. Low-level exposure to hexavalent chromium associated with TIG stainless steel and mild steel welding do not appear to be a major hazard for human spermatogenesis. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS STEROIDS STEROLS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY GENITALIA/PATHOLOGY GENITALIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY REPRODUCTION FEMALE GONADS MALE PLACENTA PITUITARY GLAND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Sterols and Steroids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals

Blood Reproductive System-Pathology Endocrine System-Gonads and Placenta Endocrine System-Pituitary Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18540-29-9 18540-29-9 7440-47-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HETOE ENTRY MONTH: 199212 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/30586 750 TITLE: Histopathological evaluation of materials implanted in the cerebral cortex. AUTHORS: STENSAAS S STENSAAS LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Anat., Univ. Utah Coll. Med., Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. SOURCE: ACTA NEUROPATHOL; 41 (2). 1978 145-155 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Histopathological changes of the cerebral cortex (rabbit) in response to small, penetrating metal and non-metal implants were analyzed by light microscopy and EM. The needle-shaped implants were left in place during all stages of histological preparation and embedded in plastic together with the cortex. Changes of the brain-implant boundary were classified as non-reactive, reactive, or toxic, according to the reactive cellular constituents. Among the non-reactive materials were several plastics and metals such as Al, Au, Pt and W. The boundary of these implants displayed little or no gliosis and normal neuropile with synapses within 5 mum of the implant's surface. The boundary of reactive materials such as Ta or silicon dioxide was marked by multinucleate giant cells and a thin layer (10 mum) of connective tissue. Toxic materials such as Fe and Cu were separated from the cortical neuropile by a capsule of cellular connective tissue and a zone of astrocytosis. Co, highly toxic material, produced more extensive changes in the zones of connective tissue and astrocytes. Apparently a variety of materials are well tolerated by the brain and could be used in the

fabrication of neuroprosthetic devices. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7446-09-5 7446-09-5 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 7440-06-4 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: ANPTA ENTRY MONTH: 197807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/78/09267 751 TITLE: PROTEINS OF LUPIN SEEDS BINDING MOLYBDENUM TUNGSTEN AND RADIONUCLIDES FROM THE CHERNOBYL UKRAINE USSR FALL-OUT AUTHORS: L'VOV NP KALAKOUTSKY KL ZABOLOTNY AI SOURCE: GRESSHOFF, P. M., ET AL. (ED.). NITROGEN FIXATION: ACHIEVEMENTS AND OBJECTIVES; 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON NITROGEN FIXATION, KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, USA, MAY 20-26, 1990. XIX+869P. ROUTLEDGE, CHAPMAN AND HALL: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA; LONDON, ENGLAND, UK. ILLUS. ISBN 0-412-02591-4.; 0 (0). 1990. 682. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS NITROGEN FIXATION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS MINERALS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS LIGHT PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/*RADIATION EFFECTS BIOPHYSICS

PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM LEGUMES KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Metabolism-Minerals Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Leguminosae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14932-41-3 14932-41-3 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 32890 ENTRY MONTH: 199108 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/19964 752 TITLE: USE OF BROILER LITTER AS RUMINANT FEED II. HEALTH REGULATION POLLUTION AND MANAGEMENT ASPECTS AUTHORS: KWAK WS SOURCE: KOREAN J ANIM NUTR FEEDST; 15 (1). 1991. 45-51. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT PATHOGENIC MICROBES TOXIC METALS DRUG RESIDUES PESTICIDES HORMONES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS METABOLISM NUTRITION

NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMINO ACIDS DIETARY PROTEINS PEPTIDES ENDOCRINE GLANDS FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS/TOXICITY ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL NUTRITION FEEDING BEHAVIOR ANIMAL HUSBANDRY POULTRY MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMAL DISEASES/PATHOLOGY ANIMAL DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ANIMAL DISEASES/MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY FOOD CONTAMINATION BEVERAGES INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY BIRDS ARTIODACTYLA HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Metabolism-General Metabolism Nutrition-General Studies Nutrition-Proteins Endocrine System-General Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Pharmacological Toxicology (1972- ) Animal Production-Feeds and Feeding Poultry Production-General Medical and Clinical Microbiology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Veterinary Science-Pathology Veterinary Science-Microbiology Food and Industrial Microbiology-Food and Beverage Spoilage and Contamination Microorganisms-Unspecified Galliformes Bovidae Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22248-79-9

22248-79-9 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 1406-05-9 330-95-0 121-25-5 79-57-2 72-55-9 57-62-5 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HYHAE ENTRY MONTH: 199108 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/20484 753 TITLE: OCCURRENCE OF HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS AT EXPOSURE LEVELS BELOW THE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT AUTHORS: BARNHART S DANIELL W STEBBINS A ROSENSTOCK L SOURCE: 1991 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAN LUNG ASSOCIATION AND THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA, USA, MAY 12-15, 1991. AM REV RESPIR DIS; 143 (4 PART 2). 1991. A263. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS SAW BLADE MANUFACTURING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARDSB ENTRY MONTH: 199108

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/21158 754 TITLE: High-performance liquid chromatography of metal chelates: Environmental and industrial trace metal control. AUTHORS: TIMERBAEV AR PETRUKHIN OM ALIMARIN IP BOL'SHOVA TA AUTHOR ADDRESS: D. I. Mendeleev Moscow Inst. Chemical Technology, 125190 Moscow, U.S.S.R. SOURCE: TALANTA; 38 (5). 1991. 467-476. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The methodological aspects of the use of HPLC in determination of metals in the form of their chelates are discussed. Rational schemes for the analysis of complex environmental and industrial samples are presented, including choice of chelating reagent, chelate preparation, metal concentration, separation method and detection method. Examples of the application of HPLC of metal chelates to environmental, production and quality control are presented. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-63-5 22541-63-5 22541-27-1 16065-87-5 16065-83-1 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-33-7

7440-32-6 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TLNTA ENTRY MONTH: 199109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/22038 755 TITLE: Direct thermoluminescence of sintered zirconium dioxide pellets induced by ultraviolet radiation. AUTHORS: CHANG S-C SU C-S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Nuclear Science, National Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043. SOURCE: NUCL TRACKS RADIAT MEAS; 20 (3). 1992. 511-516. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Direct thermoluminescence (TL) of ZrO2 after ultraviolet (u.v.) irradiation has been studied systematically. ZrO2 powder was pressed into pellets by cold pressing and sintered at 1100 C. The TL glow curve of ZrO2 induced by u.v. radiation showed prominent peaks at 70, 100 and 235 C, respectively. The fading properties of TL glow and the proper ranges of exposure for measuring u.v. radiation with ZrO2 have been investigated. The results reveal that the 235 C peak is a better choice for u.v. dosimetry than the other two peaks. Thermoluminescence response was found in ZrO2 for u.v. radiation of wavelengths from 253 to 365 nm and also some u.v. radiations in our daily life such as from terrestrial sunlight, tungsten filament bulbs and fluorescent lamps, but nearly no response in the visible or longer wavelength regions. Among 253, 302 and 365 nm u.v. radiations for the same exposures, the 302 nm u.v. radiation induced the highest TL in ZrO2. This phenomenon cannot be expl MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS

DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques External Effects-Light and Darkness CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1314-23-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: NTRMD ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/33431 756 TITLE: SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS OF A CHLOROPLAST ENCODED PROTEIN AUTHORS: PRZIBILLA E YAMAMOTO R SOURCE: ARGYROUDI-AKOYUNOGLOU, J. H. (ED.). NATO ASI (ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTE) SERIES SERIES A LIFE SCIENCES, VOL. 226. REGULATION OF CHLOROPLAST BIOGENESIS; WORKSHOP, CRETE, GREECE, JULY 28-AUGUST 3, 1991. XIX+621P. PLENUM PRESS: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA; LONDON, ENGLAND, UK. ILLUS. ISBN 0-306-44184-5.; 0 (0). 1992. 561-565. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII TUNGSTEN PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT METHOD APPLICATION PHENOLIC HERBICIDES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOLOGY/METHODS PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/*GENETICS BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES

ALGAE, GREEN MASTIGOPHORA KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Methods Cytology and Cytochemistry-Plant Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Pest Control Invertebrata Chlorophyta Flagellata CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 70979-57-6 70979-57-6 1689-83-4 1321-40-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: NALSD ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/34980 757 TITLE: Hard metal pneumoconiosis: Another cause of diffuse interstitial fibrosis. AUTHORS: FORREST ME SKERKER LB NEMIROFF MJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Radiol., Univ. Mich. Med. Cent., Ann Arbor, Mich. 48109, USA. SOURCE: RADIOLOGY; 128 (3). 1978 609-612 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Three patients developed diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused by exposure to aerosolized Co while working in the tungsten carbide tool industry. Two cases were severe and one of these has died of cor pulmonale. The third is mildly disabled. The pathophysiology is reviewed. Clinicians and radiologists should be aware of hard metal exposure as a cause of diffuse interstitial fibrosis, especially since the radiographic findings are not specific. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-48-4 CODEN: RADLA ENTRY MONTH: 197902 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/02489 758 TITLE: Dehydrogenase conversion to oxidase and lipid peroxidation in brain after carbon monoxide poisoning. AUTHORS: THOM SR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Environmental Med., University Pennsylvania Med. Center, Philadelphia, Pa. 19104-6068. SOURCE: J APPL PHYSIOL; 73 (4). 1992. 1584-1589. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxidation dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxidation were measured in brain from carbon monoxide- (CO) poisoned rats. Sulfhydryl-irreversible xanthine oxidase increased from a control level of 15% to a peak of 36% over the 90 min after CO poisoning, while the conjugated diene level doubled. Reversible xanthine oxidase was 3-6% of the total enzyme activity over this span of time but increased to 31% between 90 and 120 min after poisoning. Overall, reversible and irreversible xanthine oxidase represented 66% of total enzyme activity at 120 min after poisoning. Rats depleted of this enzyme by a tungsten diet and those treated with allopurinol before CO poisoning to inhibit enzyme activity exhibited no lipid peroxidation. Treatment immediately after poisoning with superoxide dismutase or deferoxamine inhibited lipid peroxidation but had no effect on irreversible oxidase formation. Bioche MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES BIOCHEMISTRY NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES LIPIDS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General

Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Lipids Enzymes-Physiological Studies Nervous System-Pathology Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 630-08-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JAPHE ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/03577 759 TITLE: Isolation and determination of volatile organic sulfur compounds in aqueous solutions. AUTHORS: WARDENCKI W AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Inorganic Chem., Technol. and Corrosion, Technical Univ. Gdansk, 11/12 Majakowski St., PL-80-052 Gdansk, Poland. SOURCE: FRESENIUS' J ANAL CHEM; 340 (4). 1991. 207-212. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A procedure has been worked out for isolation and determination of volatile organic sulphur compounds in water. These compounds are isolated form an aqueous sample by countercurrent thin-layer head-space (TLHS) technique. After isolation, the sulphur compounds are burned in a quartz tube and the combustion products (SO23 mixture) are absorbed by a 10% solution of hydrogen peroxide. The resulting sulphuric acid is introduced into the heated part of a quartz tube, where the presence of tungsten trioxide at 1150C ensures its complete decomposition. The sulphur oxide formed is titrated microcoulometrically with iodine. Organic halogen compounds usually present in different waters do not interfere. The complete procedure has been tested on model solutions of sulphur compounds in the concentration range of 10-200 mug S/l./POISONING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7704-34-9 7704-34-9 110-02-1 75-18-3 75-08-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199110 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/25393 760 TITLE: Determination of lanthanum, Europium, and Ytterbium in food samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: MIAOKANG S YINYU S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Hangzhou Health, Anti-Epidemic Station, Hangzhou 310006, China. SOURCE: J AOAC (ASSOC OFF ANAL CHEM) INT; 75 (4). 1992. 667-671. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A method had been developed for the determination of lanthanum, europium, and ytterbium in food samples by using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite furnace lined with tungsten foil. The proposed method provides higher sensitivity than inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectrometry (ICP); the characteristic masses are 8.1um, and 4.27and interferences of the method were also investigated. The method can be used for the analysis of trace amounts of lanthanum, europium, and ytterbium in various foods without predissociation of the matrixes of the digested solutions. The results obtained by the method are in good agreement with those from ICP/AES.

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS FOOD ANALYSIS FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Food Technology-Evaluations of Physical and Chemical Properties (1970- ) Toxicology-Foods CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-64-4 7440-64-4 7440-53-1 7439-91-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JAINE ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/04795 761 TITLE: Monitoring of hazardous waste dumps by the study of metals and solvent-soluble organic chemicals. AUTHORS: NAVARRO A ROSELL A VILLANUEVA J GRIMALT JO AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Environmental Chem., Jordi Girona, 18. 08034-Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. SOURCE: CHEMOSPHERE; 22 (9-10). 1991. 913-928. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The metal and organic composition of twelve

soil core sections collected at several hazardous waste dumping sites located in the Besos and Llobregat Basins (Catalonia, N.E. Spain) have been examined. They have been analyzed by neutron activation, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. These techniques have allowed the quantitative measurement of 37 metals and the identification and quantitation of 135 organic constituents. The analyses have shown that petroleum tar residues and lubricating oils constitute the two major types of organic wastes present in these dumps. Organic chemicals from other origins such as phthalates and silicones are also abundant. The metal pollution can be traced from the nickel and chromium content. These two metals are found in highest concentration in sample No. 6 where high concentrations of iron (25%), copper and cobalt are also observed. In some dumps (S1 and S5) the prese MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS MINERALS/METABOLISM BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY SOIL BACTERIA KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Metabolism-Minerals Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Bacteria-Unspecified (1979- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 30777-18-5 30777-18-5 8007-45-2 7440-64-4 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3

7440-46-2 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-00-8 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7194-85-6 6628-98-4 4534-49-0 2719-61-1 832-71-3 832-69-9 638-68-6 630-07-9 630-02-4 630-01-3 629-78-7 629-62-9 629-59-4 629-50-5 544-85-4 514-10-3 504-96-1 483-65-8 239-35-0 238-04-0 222-93-5 218-01-9 217-59-4 213-46-7 207-18-1 207-08-9 203-64-5 203-33-8 203-12-3 195-19-7 193-39-5 192-97-2 191-26-4 191-24-2 189-64-0 131-11-3 129-00-0 120-12-7 118-74-1 117-81-7 112-95-8 106-47-8 86-73-7 85-44-9 84-78-6 83-32-9

72-54-8 57-11-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CMSHA ENTRY MONTH: 199111 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/91/28798 762 TITLE: Cytogenetic effect of inorganic compounds of tungsten, zinc, cadmium and cobalt on animal and human somatic cells. AUTHORS: VOROSHILIN SI AUTHOR ADDRESS: Sverdl. Res. Inst. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Dis., Minist. Health RSFSR, Sverdlovsk, USSR. SOURCE: TSITOL GENET; 12 (3). 1978. 241-243. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The mutagenic activity of some salts of omega, Zn, Cd and Co was studied in human leukocyte culture. All investigated compounds had a mutagenic effect at small concentrations as registered at the G0-stage of the cell cycle. Chronic inhalation of zinc oxide increased frequency of chromosome abnormalities in bone marrow cells of albino rats. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 1314-13-2 CODEN: TGANA ENTRY MONTH: 197908 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/05823 763 TITLE:

Absorbed Dose to Technicians Working at Accelerators for Radiation Therapy AUTHORS: Almen A Ahlgren L Mattsson S SOURCE: IRPA8, Eighth International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association, May 17-22, 1992, Montreal, Canada, Worldwide Achievement in Public and Occupational Health Protection against Radiation, -=Volume I, pages 2, 1992 ABSTRACT: The absorbed dose of radiation to technicians working at accelerators for radiation therapy was investigated. The absorbed dose to the trunk and hands of 24 technicians working at seven high energy accelerators in six different hospitals in Sweden was measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters placed on the wrists and trunks. The monitoring was carried out over a 10 day period. Background radiation and radiation at the control console were measured. Leakage and scattered radiation were also monitored. Results showed that absorbed dose rate outside the treatment room due to leakage during a treatment procedure varied considerably between accelerators. The annual dose calculated by extrapolating the measured dose to 1 year assuming a workload of 45 weeks per year. The average absorbed dose to the trunk was estimated at 2.0 milligrays per year (mGy/yr), while that to the hand was 0.7 to 3.3mGy/yr with an average of 2.1mGy/yr. At the control console the dose rate was 1.6 micrograys per hour. An example of absorbed dose at isocenter of the treatment room was given. The contribution from aluminum-28 and copper-62 dominated immediately after treatment. Later, radionuclides with longer halflives became more important (tungsten-187 and nickel-57), which continued to contribute to the absorbed dose rate in the treatment room. At the isocenter, the absorbed dose rate was about twice as high as that beside the treatment couch. The authors conclude that the annual absorbed dose rate to technicians is about 2.0mGy. The contribution of radionuclides with long halflives meant that technicians were irradiated every time they entered the treatment room, not only after treatments with high energy X-rays. KEYWORDS: DCN-222689 Dosimetry Ionizing radiation Medical personnel Occupational exposure Radiation exposure Radiation therapy Radioactive materials Workplace studies Radiation facilities ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00223035

764 TITLE: Radiation Exposure by Man-Modified Materials Containing Natural Radionuclids AUTHORS: Becker DE Eder E Reichelt A SOURCE: IRPA8, Eighth International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association, May 17-22, 1992, Montreal, Canada, Worldwide Achievement in Public and Occupational Health Protection against Radiation, Volume II, -=pages 1351-1354, 1992 ABSTRACT: Radiation exposure through inhaling radionuclides released during burning and exchange of man modified materials was discussed. Sources of these materials which have been identified during this study included thoriated gas mantles, thoriated tungsten welding rods, dental products containing uranium (7440611), phosphate fertilizers, zircon (14940682) sand, radon (10043922) therapy, mines and caves for visitors, and water purification facilities. Specific attention here was given to the handling of thoriated gas mantles. The activity of 39 such mantles bought in normal storehouses was examined. The average specific activity in the mantles was 207 becquerels/gram and the average thorium-232/thorium-230 ratio was 0.3. An assessment was made of the radiation exposures through inhalation of nuclides released from burning mantles. The effective committed dose equivalent H50 ranged from 0.03 to 0.43 millisieverts. Gas mantles became very unstable after the initial burn and those persons handling the material were exposed to radioactive aerosols. Measurements indicated the effective committed dose equivalent H50 for one exchange lasting 4 minutes ranged from 0.27 to 0.48 millisieverts. The authors conclude that radiation exposure by inhalation of radionuclides released while burning and exchange is not negligible. KEYWORDS: DCN-223184 Radiation measurement Radiation monitoring Radiation exposure Radiation hazards Uranium compounds Agricultural chemicals Dentists Radioactive materials CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-61-1 7440-61-1 14940-68-2 10043-92-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00223673 765 TITLE: Effect of tungsten, molybdenum, copper and arsenic on the intrauterine development of the fetus. AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG GENKINA SB ARKHIPENKO TA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Environ. Hyg., Sverdl. Inst. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Dis., Sverdlovsk, USSR. SOURCE: FARMAKOL TOKSIKOL (MOSC); 41 (5). 1978. 620-623. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Experiments showed W, Mo, Cu and As, employed in doses producing no general toxic effect on adult rats, acted adversely on embryogenesis when administered for prolonged periods. W and Mo increased embryonal lethality and W and Mo inhibited the processes of bone ossification in fetuses. The embryotoxic effect of these elements is apparently due to their direct action on the developing organism. W, Mo and Cu amass in the test fetuses without being arrested in the placenta. A possible embryotoxic effect should be considered in choosing biogenic doses of trace elements. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: FATOA ENTRY MONTH: 197908 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/08385 766 TITLE: METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SEALS FROM SWEDISH WATERS AUTHORS: FRANK A GALGAN V PETERSSON LR ROOS A OLSSON M

BIGNERT A SOURCE: AMBIO; 21 (8). 1992. 529-538. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM PHOCA-VITULINA-VITULINA PHOCA-HISPIDA-BOTNICA HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS ALUMINUM CADMIUM CALCIUM COBALT CHROMIUM COPPER IRON MAGNESIUM ZINC MANGANESE NICKEL LEAD VANADIUM TUNGSTEN MERCURY SELENIUM ARSENIC BLUBBER MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY MINERALS ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/METABOLISM BONE AND BONES/PHYSIOLOGY BONE AND BONES/METABOLISM CONNECTIVE TISSUE/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE/METABOLISM FASCIA/PHYSIOLOGY FASCIA/METABOLISM JOINTS/PHYSIOLOGY JOINTS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MAMMALS PINNIPEDIA KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Chordata Phocidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5

7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AMBOC ENTRY MONTH: 199306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/14844 767 TITLE: The resistance of Dunaliella acidophila against heavy metals: The importance of the zeta potential. AUTHORS: GIMMLER H TREFFNY B KOWALSKI M ZIMMERMANN U AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lehrstuhl Botanik I, Univ. Wuerzburg, Mittlerer Dallenbergweg 64, 8700 Wuerzburg, Ger. SOURCE: J PLANT PHYSIOL; 138 (6). 1991. 708-716. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The resistance of photosynthesis and growth of the acid-resistant green alga Danaliella acidophila (optimal growth at pH 1.0) and the salt-resistant Dunaliella parva (grown at pH 7.6) against Al(III), La(III), Cu(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) (applied as chlorides) and W(IV) (applied as Na2WO4), and the effects of these compounds on the zeta potential of the cells were measured in glycerol media of comparable ionic strength. Dunaliella cells with a positive zeta potential (Dunaliella acidophila, pH 1-2) are extremely resistant to toxic di- and trivalent cations, but are sensitive to toxic anions. On the other hand, cells with a negative zeta potential (D. acidophila and D. parva, pH 7.0) are resistant to toxic anions, but sensitive to toxic cations. The non-dissociated HgCl2 causes similar inhibitions of photosynthesis in both Dunaliella species, independent of the pH of the medium. Di- and trivalent cations cause an increase of positive zeta potentials, but a decrease of negativ MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MEMBRANES/PHYSIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS

PHOTOSYNTHESIS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER ALGAE, GREEN KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Plant Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Membrane Phenomena Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Chlorophyta CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7439-97-6 7439-91-0 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JPPHE ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/05908 768 TITLE: Study on the background contents on 61 elements of soils in China. AUTHORS: WEI F ZHENG C CHEN J WU Y AUTHOR ADDRESS: China National Environmental Monitoring Center. SOURCE: CHIN J ENVIRON SCI (BEIJING); 12 (4). 1991. 12-19, 94.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This paper reports the background contents of 61 elements in Chinese soil and the distribution character and change trend of the distribution of some elements in the whole country. The atlas of China soil background values was briefly introduced in this paper. The examples for the application of the background values to the formulation of soil environmental quality standard and the study of human health and agriculture were discussed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Agronomy-General Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3

7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: HCKHD ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/06137 769 TITLE: Measurement and Control Method for Cutting Resistance of Protective Gloves AUTHORS: Payot F SOURCE:

Performance of Protective Clothing: Fourth Volume, J. P. McBriarty and N. W. Henry, Editors; American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ASTM STP 1133, pages 17-25, 1992 ABSTRACT: A method for measuring the ability of protective gloves to resist cutting by knives and other blades was described. Two 80 by 100 millimeter (mm) strips cut from the palm area of the test gloves were placed on the top of a conductive rubber support covered with aluminum foil and then placed within a clamping frame. A 45mm diameter, 0.5mm circular tungsten steel blade rotating at a speed of 10 centimeters per second was lowered onto the samples. The rotating blade applied a force of 5 newtons (N). The total number of cycles made by the blade and the number of cycles until the sample was cut through were recorded and compared to those recorded with a reference sample, a cotton fabric consisting of a relatively stiff plain woven 1.2mm thick cotton fabric having density of 540 grams per square meter and warp and weft strengths of 1,400 and 1,000N per 5 centimeters width. The data were used to construct a five point cutting resistance index, 1.2, 2.5, 5.0, 10, and 20, which represented five levels of sharpness. A fabric assigned to level one or two offered low cutting resistance. Levels four and five connoted high resistance against cuts. A level three fabric showed moderate resistance against cuts. The method was applied to determining the cut resistance of a variety of glove materials. Representative data obtained in the tests indicated that leather gloves could be assigned to level one, rubber supported (reinforced) gloves to level two, knitted Kevlar gloves to levels three or four, knitted gloves containing metallic yarns to levels three or four, and thick Kevlar raised gloves to levels four or five. KEYWORDS: DCN-238750 Protective clothing Hand protection Materials testing Hand injuries Injury prevention Cotton fabrics Coated fabrics Safety research Analytical methods ENTRY MONTH: 199806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00238324 770 TITLE: Study on soil environmental background values in Fujian Province. AUTHORS: CHEN Z CHEN C LIU Y WU Y YANG S

LU C AUTHOR ADDRESS: Fujian Inst. Environment Protection 350003, China. SOURCE: CHIN J ENVIRON SCI (BEIJING); 13 (4). 1992. 70-75. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. With the methods of network and systematic layers, 123 typical sampling sections were selected and soil environmental background values for 61 elements were determined in the whole region of Fujian province. The results show that the soil background values for 15 rare-earth elements in Fujian are higher than those in the country, that the background values for sulphophilic and siderophilic elements in Fujian are also higher compared with those of the same elements in the country and that the background value of Se in the soil of Fujian is 0.55 mg/kg, 2.5 times as high as the level of the country. The major factor affecting soil environmental background values in the province are analyzed and suggestions for reasonable development of soil resource proposed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8

7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: chi CODEN: HCKHD ENTRY MONTH: 199307 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/15883 771 TITLE: Standard reference materials for chemical and biological studies of complex environmental samples. AUTHORS: MAY WE

BENNER B A JR WISE SA SCHUETZLE D LEWTAS J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Natl. Inst. Standards Technology, Gaithersburg, Md. 20899. SOURCE: MUTAT RES; 276 (1-2). 1992. 11-22. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are often used in methods development and interlaboratory comparison studies since they are homogeneous and readily available to the scientific community. SRM 1649 (urban dust/organics), SRM 1650 (diesel particulate matter), and SRM 1597 (complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal tar) are three environmental samples which have been used by the scientific community for these purposes. These SRMs were originally developed to assist laboratories in validating analytical procedures for the determination of polycyclic organic compounds in complex mixtures. In addition, these SRMs have been valuable for the comparison of methodologies for bacterial bioassays and the development of bioassay-directed fractionation and bioassay-directed chemical analysis techniques. Most recently these SRMs were chosen for use as test samples in a collaborative study coordinated MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68334-30-5 68334-30-5 63041-90-7 27208-37-3 20485-57-8 20268-51-3 8007-45-2 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7440-66-6 7440-61-1

7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7439-98-7 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 5522-43-0 3442-78-2 3353-12-6 2531-84-2 2381-21-7 832-71-3 607-57-8 602-60-8 486-25-9 218-01-9 217-59-4 213-46-7 208-96-8 207-08-9 206-44-0 205-99-2 205-82-3 203-64-5 203-33-8 203-12-3 201-06-9 193-43-1 193-39-5 192-97-2 191-26-4 191-24-2 191-07-1 132-65-0 132-64-9 110-82-7 95-15-8 92-52-4 91-57-6 91-20-3 86-74-8 86-73-7 75-09-2 71-43-2 67-64-1 67-56-1

64-17-5 53-70-3 50-32-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUREA ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/07214 772 TITLE: Goodpasture's Syndrome. Unusual Presentation after Exposure to Hard Metal Dust AUTHORS: Lechleitner P Defregger M Lhotta K Totsch M Fend F SOURCE: Chest, Vol. 103, No. 3, pages 956-957, 6 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: A case of Goodpasture's syndrome in a worker exposed to hard metal dust was reported. A 26 year old man employed at a metallurgical factory processing high melting alloys, mostly hard metals, was admitted to hospital with fever andincreasing dyspnea. Employment duration at the factory was 3 years. Diagnostictests revealed marked leukocytosis, elevated liver enzymes, and microhematuria. Chest X-rays showed a barely visible micronodular pattern that was in contrast to the massive respiratory compromise presented. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed an increase in neutrophils, but no pathogenic organisms. The alveolar macrophages contained hard metal dust granules, which on analysis with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were revealed to be mostly tungsten (7440337). Treatment with steroids alleviated the symptoms, but two months later, he was readmitted with hemoptysis and macrohematuria. A diagnosis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis was made and confirmed by detection of antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. Complement component C4 was markedly reduced. Steroid and immunosuppressant therapy led to rapid recovery. The authors conclude that exposure to hard metal dusts may have potential for autoimmune disease development. KEYWORDS: DCN-213104 Autoimmunity Immune system disorders Kidney disorders Lung disorders Metal workers

Occupational diseases Occupational exposure Occupational hazards Dust inhalation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: CHETBF ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00213402 773 TITLE: POLYORGS AS COMPLEXING SORBENTS FOR PRECONCENTRATION OF TRACE METALS AUTHORS: MYASOEDOVA GV SOURCE: EUROANALYSIS VII MEETING, VIENNA, AUSTRIA, AUGUST 26-31, 1990. FRESENIUS' J ANAL CHEM; 341 (10). 1991. 586-591. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ARSENAZO GROUP PYRAZOLE GROUP IMIDAZOLE GROUP AMIDOXIME GROUP 2 MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE GROUP THIOGLYCOLANILIDE GROUP ANALYTICAL METHOD METHOD APPLICATION HEAVY METAL QUANTITATION WATER SEWAGE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 20074-52-6

20074-52-6 18540-29-9 16065-83-1 7782-49-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 288-32-4 288-13-1 149-30-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/08072 774 TITLE: Improved 6.8-L Furnace for Measuring the Autoignition Temperatures of Dust Clouds AUTHORS: Conti RS Cashdollar KL Thomas RA SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigations, No. 9467, 26 pages, 23

references, 1993 ABSTRACT: An improved 6.8 liter (l) furnace was developed for measuring the autoignition temperatures of dust clouds. Details of previous autoignition furnaces (Godbert Greenwald furnace, and the Bureau of Mines 1.2l ignitability furnace) were described, and details and experimental procedures connected with the new, larger 6.8l system were provided. Dusts tested included oil shale, gilsonite, bituminous coal, anthracite coal, graphite, lycopodium, cornstarch, sulfur, polyethylene, anthraquinone, iron, tungsten, and tin. A summary of the maximum autoignition temperature (MAIT) was provided for comparison with earlier 1.2l data. There were no significant differences in the MAIT values based on the two furnace sizes, except for the lycopodium (MAIT in the 6.8l furnace was 60 degrees-C lower than with the 1.2l furnace). High speed video recording of thermal ignitions showed that dusts ignited at various positions near the furnace wall confirming the temperature uniformity of the wall. The authors conclude that, although in theory the large chamber volume of the 6.8l furnace may lower the MAIT volumes because of lower heat losses to the walls after dust ignition, actual values averaged only slightly lower, indicating that chamber volume has little effect on measured MAIT values. KEYWORDS: DCN-215564 Airborne dusts Dust explosions Coal dust Mineral dusts Ignition point Fire hazards Explosive dusts Metal dusts ENTRY MONTH: 199401 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00215793 775 TITLE: JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE JRC RESEARCH ON TRACE METAL EXPOSURE AND HEALTH EFFECTS AN OVERVIEW AUTHORS: SABBIONI E SOURCE: 4TH HUNGARO-ITALIAN SYMPOSIUM ON SPECTROCHEMISTRY, VESZPREM, HUNGARY, SEPTEMBER 11-15, 1989. ACTA CHIM HUNG; 128 (4-5). 1991. 677-688. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM TOXICOLOGY BIOMONITORING DRUG TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY FOOD TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES SELENIUM VANADIUM SILVER ARSENIC

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS PHARMACOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pharmacology-General Toxicology-General Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Pharmacological Toxicology (1972- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7439-88-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ACHUD ENTRY MONTH: 199204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

BIOSIS/92/08083 776 TITLE: Analytical related problems in metal and trace elements determination in industrial waste landfill leachates. AUTHORS: GALLORINI M PESAVENTO M PROFUMO A RIOLO C AUTHOR ADDRESS: CNR, Centro Radiochimica, Analisi per Attivazione Neutronica, V. le Taramelli 12.27100, Pavia, Italy. SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 133 (3). 1993. 285-298. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The periodic analytical control of waste landfill leachate is of fundamental importance not only to check the presence of possible toxic substances, but also to assess changes in concentration levels and behaviour with time. This work identifies some of the difficulties which arise during the analysis of some heavy metals and trace elements in leachate samples from a controlled industrial wastes landfill located in north Italy. The analytical problems encountered using both electro-thermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ETAAS) and neutron activation analysis (NAA) for the determination of a series of elements, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Mn, V, As, Se, Sb, Th, Sn, Cs, W, Cr, with concentration often at nanogram levels, are presented and evaluated. To solve these problems two selective chemical procedures have been developed to separate and to eliminate the matrix interfering compounds or elements (i.e., organic matter, complexing agents, Cl-, Br-, S2-, Na+) which reduce and in som MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3

7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199309 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/22769 777 TITLE: Toxicology and occupational hazards of new materials and processes in metal surface treatment, powder metallurgy, technical ceramics, and fiber-reinforced plastics. AUTHORS: MIDTGARD U JELNES JE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Toxicology and Biology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lerso Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. SOURCE: SCAND J WORK ENVIRON HEALTH; 17 (6). 1991. 369-379. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Many new materials and processes are about to find their way from the research laboratory into industry. The present paper describes some of these processes and provides an overview of possible occupational hazards and a list of chemicals used or produced in the processes. The technological areas that are considered are metal surface treatment (ion implantation, physical and chemical vapor deposition, plasma spraying), powder metallurgy, advanced technical ceramics, and fiber-reinforced plastics. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS:

Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 85496-86-2 85496-86-2 59766-31-3 34021-34-6 26134-62-3 25658-42-8 25583-20-4 24304-00-5 20405-64-5 18923-27-8 14977-61-8 13463-67-7 12673-69-7 12626-81-2 12075-40-0 12070-14-3 12070-10-9 12070-08-5 12070-06-3 12069-94-2 12069-89-5 12069-60-2 12069-32-8 12060-00-3 12053-27-9 12047-27-7 12045-64-6 12045-63-5 12036-21-4 12033-89-5 12033-62-4 12031-63-9 12012-35-0 12011-60-8 12008-21-8 12007-35-1 12007-29-3 12007-09-9 12006-84-7 11130-73-7 10294-34-5 10043-11-5 7789-75-5 7782-42-5 7723-14-0 7631-86-9 7440-74-6 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9

7440-42-8 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-92-1 7439-90-9 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-43-0 1344-28-1 1317-54-0 1317-45-9 1317-36-8 1314-61-0 1314-36-9 1314-35-8 1314-34-7 1314-23-4 1314-13-2 1313-99-1 1313-96-8 1309-48-4 1308-38-9 1307-96-6 1306-38-3 1306-23-6 1305-78-8 1304-56-9 1303-00-0 409-21-2 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SWEHD ENTRY MONTH: 199205 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/09982 778 TITLE: Detection of high risk groups among workers exposed to heavy metals based on an analysis of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. AUTHORS: BOBYLEVA LA CHOPIKASHVILI LV ALEKHINA NI

ZASUKHINA GD AUTHOR ADDRESS: North-Osset State Univ., Vladikavkau, Russia. SOURCE: TSITOL GENET; 25 (3). 1991. 18-23. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Heavy metal salts, the workers from molybdenum, tungsten and cobalt plants to make in contact with, reveal their mutagenic activity. Individual sensitivity to heavy metal salts has been analyzed through the example of molybdenum. Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges have been studied for the regularities of their formation in lymphocytes of workers depending on the length of service. Sensitivity of tests of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges has been compared to reveal genetic consequences of these types of the effects. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS DNA REPLICATION TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC TRANSLATION, GENETIC DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Replication Pathology Blood Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: TGANA ENTRY MONTH: 199206 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/12269 779 TITLE: CYTO GENETIC ACTION OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF TUNGSTEN ZINC CADMIUM AND COBALT ON HUMAN AND ANIMAL SOMATIC CELLS AUTHORS: VOROSHILIN SI PLOTKO EG FINK TV NIKIFOROVA V YA SOURCE: CYTOL GENET (ENGL TRANSL TSITOL GENET); 12 (3). 1978 (RECD. 1979). 46-48. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RAT BONE MARROW CHROMOSOME DAMAGE CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-48-4 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CYGED ENTRY MONTH: 198007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/04411 780 TITLE:

METAL-INDUCED INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC APPROACH AUTHORS: BOST TW NEWMAN LS SOURCE: SEMIN RESPIR MED; 14 (3). 1993. 197-211. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN METAL TOXICITY EXPOSURE OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY MONITORING FOR METALS IN LUNGS IMMUNOLOGIC RESPONSE TO METALS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12629-02-6 12629-02-6 8049-17-0 7782-49-2 7440-67-7 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7439-97-6 7439-96-5

7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SRMED ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/26140 781 TITLE: Chemical studies of stack fly ash from a coal-fired power plant. AUTHORS: COLES DG RAGAINI RC ONDOV JM FISHER GL SILBERMAN D PRENTICE BA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lawrence Livermore Lab., Univ. Calif., Livermore, Calif. 94550, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 13 (4). 1979. 455-459. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Concentrations of 42 minor and trace elements in 4 size fractions of stack fly ash from a large Western coal-fired power plant are reported. Mass median diameters of the 4 size fractions were 2.4, 3.7, 6.0 and 18.5 mum. Based on the enrichments relative to coal as a function of fly-ash particle size, the elements are grouped into 3 classes: group I, elements that show little or no enrichment in the small particle fraction (Al, Ca, Cs, Fe, Hf, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sc, Ta, Th, Ti and the rare earths, Ce, Dy, Eu, La, Nd, Sm, Tb, and Yb); group II, elements whose enrichments increase with decreasing particle size (As, Cd, Ga, Mo, Pb, Sb, Se, W and Zn); and group III, elements whose behavior is intermediate to that of elements in groups I and II (Ba, Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr, U and V). The elements in groups I and II are described in terms of their lithophilic and chalophilic geochemical behavior, respectively. The chemical behavior of individual elements in group III is discussed. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1

7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 197909 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/79/10869 782 TITLE: An Improved Instrument for the In Vivo Detection of Lead in Bone AUTHORS: Gordon CL Chettle DR Webber CE SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 50, No. 7, pages 637-641, 11 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: An upgraded cadmium-109 system using a point source centered on the face

of and shielded from a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was described for improved detection of lead (7439921) in bone. The source was positioned in a tungsten shield at the center of the detector face so that 88 kiloelectron volt photons could not enter the detector directly. Plaster of Paris phantoms were used to calibrate the in-vivo measurements. A minimum detectable concentration of about 6 micrograms/gram (microg/g) of bone mineral was shown in nonoccupationally exposed men. Measurements of tibia lead concentrations in 30 nonoccupationally exposed male volunteers between 23 and 73 showed an annual increment of 0.46microg/g bone mineral/year. The mean deviation from the regression of tibia lead on age was 3.5microg/g bone mineral. One subject with a history of exposure to lead had a tibia lead concentration of 69.6microg/g bone mineral. By improving the measurement of lead an increased confidence can now be placed on the results of in-vivo measurements of lead concentration. This will allow studies of the natural history of nonoccupational lead accumulation in normal subjects and should permit investigations of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in subjects who had been poisoned with lead. KEYWORDS: DCN-216394 Analytical methods Chemical analysis Analytical chemistry Lead poisoning Mineral dusts Lead compounds Skeletal system CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 CODEN: BJIMAG ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00215936 783 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-93-0455-2342, JMS Southeast, Inc., Statesville, North Carolina AUTHORS: Kiefer M SOURCE: Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-93-0455-2342, 26 pages, 13 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: In response to a confidential employee request, an investigation was begun of worker exposures to airborne contaminants and the effectiveness of the ventilation system at JMS Southeast, Inc. (SIC-3823), Statesville, North

Carolina. The company employed 42 workers, including 17 directly involved in manufacturing temperature measurement devices for industrial applications. Processes evaluated at this site during the on site visit included tungsten inert gas welding (TIG), metal grinding, buffing and sanding, brazing and soldering, and degreasing. Observations included sporadic adherence to the use of personal protective equipment and the lack of a formal safety program. Shop vacuums were used to ventilate the grinders and tubing cutters and did not appear to effectively contain the dusts after collection. Air sampling results indicated that contaminant levels were below NIOSH recommended exposure limits. Low concentrations of metals, both fumes and dust, were detected at several workstations. The author concludes that workers were not exposed to airborne contaminants above recommended limits at the time of the survey. The shop vacuums used as local exhaust systems were not intended for this use. The author recommends specific measures to improve the level of safety and health, including ventilation and employee training. KEYWORDS: DCN-216855 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report HETA 93 0455 2342 Hazard Unconfirmed Region 4 Metal fumes Metal dusts Airborne dusts Dust exposure Ventilation systems ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00217016 784 TITLE: Filtration studies with neutron-activated coal fly ash. AUTHORS: FISHER GL SILBERMAN D PRENTICE BA HEFT RE ONDOV JM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Radiobiol. Lab., Univ. Calif., Davis, Calif. 95616, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 13 (6). 1979. 689-693. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Filtration studies were undertaken to describe

the physical and chemical properties of a size-classified, stack-collected fly ash fraction. Neutron-activated fly ash samples were dispersed in an aqueous buffer solution at physiological pH and filtered after a 6 min mixing period through Nucleopore membranes with pore sizes of 5, 2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.03 mum. Mo, Ca, Se, Ba, Na and Co were partially soluble in the buffer and their concentrations in the filtrates apparently did not depend on membrane pore sizes. K, Sc, Fe, Ce, Sm, Eu, Th and U displayed filtrate concentrations that were dependent on pore size. A combination of partial solubility and pore-size dependency was observed for Sb, As, Zn, W and Cr. Zr, Cs, Nd, Rb, Tb, Yb, Hf and Ta were not detected in the filtrates. Mo, Ca, Se, Ba, Na, Co, Sb, As, Zn, W and Cr are relatively soluble at physiological pH; a relatively large proportion of the mass of the elements Sb, As, Zn, W, U and Cr is associated with particles of < 0.4 mum; and the use of membranes with pore sizes | 0.2 mum results in quantitative recovery of all elements associated with insoluble particles for the size distribution of fly ash under study. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-89-6 CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 197912 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/00155 785 TITLE:

Behavior of heavy metals in the combustion gases of urban waste incinerators. AUTHORS: FERNANDEZ MA MARTINEZ L SEGARRA M GARCIA JC ESPIELL F AUTHOR ADDRESS: Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica y Metalurgia, Universidad de Barcelona, Avenida Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 26 (5). 1992. 1040-1047. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The behaivor of each of the principal heavy metals present in fly ash from urban waste incinerators is described on the basis of the standard free energies of formation of the oxide and the chloride from the metal, oxygen, and hydrochloric acid, as well as the vapor pressure of the chlorides at working temperatures. The thermodynamic parameters are correlated with the three types of behavior in the volatilization process. The solubility in acid aqueous medium is also related to the oxide and chloride thermodynamic parameters. A correlation has been established between the amount of each heavy metal in the fly ash and the standard free energy of vaporization of its chloride, both in the samples used and in the data on content found in the literature. Finally, kinetic modeling studies have been used to show that the neutralization of the fly ash alkalinity takes place by a diffusion mechanism through a solid matrix. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS HEAT HEATING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals External Effects-Temperature Toxicology-Environmental and Public Health: Environmental Public Health: Environmental CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68131-74-8 68131-74-8 14808-79-8

as a Primary Variable-Hot (1971- ) Industrial Toxicology Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Health-Air

13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 3812-32-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/18752 786 TITLE: Microbial processing of volatile organics in industrial waste streams. AUTHORS: WOLFRAM JH ROGERS RD HIGDEM DM

AUTHOR ADDRESS: Biotechnol. Unit, Idaho Natl. Eng. Lab., Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-2203, USA. SOURCE: J ENVIRON SCI HEALTH PART A ENVIRON SCI ENG; 27 (4). 1992. 1115-1125. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A strain of Pseudomonas putida has been isolated which tolerates and metabolizes toluene and p-xylene. In our laboratory, this isolate has undergone selection and adaptation and presently is able to grow under a layer of 100% p-xylene. From batch studies the initial rates of degradation are 1-3 mg/min. This strain of P. putida also tolerates the presence of a nonionic surfactant while still maintaining its metabolic activity. Preliminary testing using this isolate under chemostat conditions indicates that the potential for developing a bioprocess to treat these waste solvents may be possible. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM SANITATION SEWAGE BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-General Metabolism Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 108-88-3 108-88-3 106-42-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JESED ENTRY MONTH: 199209 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/20386 787 TITLE: Metals and melanomacrophages in flounder, Platichthys flesus spleen and kidney.

AUTHORS: PULSFORD AL RYAN KP NOTT JA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Plymouth Marine Lab., Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB. SOURCE: J MAR BIOL ASSOC U K; 72 (2). 1992. 483-498. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Kidney and spleen tissues from flounder Platichthys flesus (L.) collected from Neal Point in the estuary of the river Tamar (England, UK) were examined by x-ray microanalysis for the presence of heavy metals within the melanomacrophage centres. Ultrastructurally these centres consisted of groups of pigment-containing macrophages in which melanin was the most prominent pigment, but lipofuscin and haemosiderin were also present. Some of the macrophages also contained irregular metal particles and minerals with associated metals. The metals identified within these inclusions were Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sre, Ag, Sn, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, W, Au, Pb, Th and U. The results are discussed in relation to the sediment chemistry of the River Tamar, and the possible routes of uptake by the fish. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS CYTOLOGY MICROSCOPY MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON MOVEMENT MINERALS/METABOLISM HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL FISHES KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Ecology

Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Anatomy and Histology Movement (1971- ) Metabolism-Minerals Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Osteichthyes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JMBAA ENTRY MONTH: 199209 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/20902 788 TITLE: Small Airways Function in Aluminium and Stainless Steel Welders AUTHORS: Nielsen J Dahlqvist M Welinder H Thomassen Y Alexandersson R Skerfving S

SOURCE: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Vol. 65, No. 2, pages 101-105, 33 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: The effects of exposure to welding fumes on respiratory function was studied. Workers from a tank production facility involved in welding processes using metal inert gas and tungsten inert gas methods for aluminum (7429905) and/or stainless steel were evaluated using medical examinations, skin prick tests, lung function tests, blood serum analysis for immunoglobulins, and urinalysis for aluminum. In addition, air samples from the breathing zones of workers were collected and analyzed for total dust, aluminum concentrations, water soluble chromium (7440473) levels, ozone (10028156), and nitrous-oxides. Less than 0.01 parts per million ozone and nitrous-oxides were identified in air samples along with 2.8, 1.4, and 0.008mg/m3 total dust, aluminum, and chromium, respectfully. Urinary aluminum levels were increased in the workers compared with a referent level. More eye symptoms, pharyngitis, and nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity and significantly lower serum IgA levels were seen in the welders compared with referents. Closing volumes and the slope of the alveolar plateau readings on the single breath nitrogen wash out test after methacholine challenge were increased in welders compared with referents. Workers with less than 2.5 years of exposure time had more upper airway symptoms compared with long term workers while long term workers demonstrated a significantly steeper slope of the alveolar plateau and a slight increase in the volume of trapped gas. The authors conclude that a welding fume induced increase in the reactivity of the small airways may be indicated. KEYWORDS: DCN-216886 Occupational exposure Gas welders Welding industry Respiratory system disorders Lung function Exposure levels Air samples Aluminum compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-47-3 10028-15-6 CODEN: IAEHDW ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00217051 789 TITLE: Fly ash mediated reactions of phenol and monochlorophenols:

Oxychlorination, deep oxidation, and condensation. AUTHORS: BORN J GP MULDER P LOUW R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Center Chem. Environment, Leiden Inst. Chem., Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden Univ., P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 27 (9). 1993. 1849-1863. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Monochlorophenols are smoothly oxidized to carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide when vapors in air are passed over fixed beds of municipal waste incinerator fly ash at 625-725 K. Simultaneously polychlorinated benzenes, monobenzofurans, and dibenzo-p-dioxins are formed with a large fraction of the original chlorine concentrated in these products. Fly ash catalyzed oxychlorination of phenol in the presence of HCl at 425-725 K resulted in the formation of chlorinated phenols which, in turn, were converted above 625 K into mainly CO2 and the (poly)-chloroarenes mentioned above. In contrast, under similar conditions, (chlorinated) benzenes are inert. Deep oxidation and oxychlorination of phenol have also been studied using an oxidation catalyst (CuO on alumina) or a commercial oxychlorination catalyst (basically, CuCl2 on alumina). Results were comparable but, in neither case, chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins were detected. Kinetic data are presented and analyzed, and reaction m MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 82291-37-0 82291-37-0

71998-76-0 71925-17-2 71925-16-1 71925-15-0 69760-96-9 64501-00-4 62470-53-5 58802-08-7 58200-67-2 55722-27-5 55684-94-1 50585-46-1 43048-00-6 43047-99-0 42934-53-2 41903-57-5 40581-94-0 40321-76-4 39484-09-8 39227-53-7 36088-22-9 34816-53-0 34465-46-8 33423-92-6 30402-15-4 28655-71-2 27323-18-8 26914-33-0 26601-64-9 25512-42-9 25323-68-6 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 7782-49-2 7647-01-0 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5

7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1806-29-7 1746-01-6 634-90-2 634-66-2 630-08-0 608-93-5 541-73-1 124-38-9 120-83-2 120-82-1 108-95-2 108-90-7 108-70-3 108-43-0 106-48-9 106-46-7 95-94-3 95-57-8 95-50-1 88-06-2 87-65-0 87-61-6 71-43-2 58-90-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199401 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/34957 790 TITLE: Technogenic contamination of kitchen garden soils and crops on the leftbank side of Novosibirsk. AUTHORS:

IL'IN VB KONARBAEVA GA SYSO AI TREIMAN AA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Soil Sci. Agrochem., Sib. Dep., Acad. Sci. Russ., Novosibirsk, Russ. SOURCE: SIB BIOL ZH; 0 (2). 1993. 36-43. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The content of chemical elements was analysed in kitchen garden soils and crops contaminated by the atmospheric emissions from: a) a group of pewter plants; b) coal-based thermo-electric power stations. It was established that a group of pewter plants contaminates the environment with Sn, Cu, Zr, As, Zn; thermo-electric power stations-with Cu, Zr, Zn, Sr, whose content in the soil was found to be higher than the maximum permissible concentration. W and Bi accumulation in soil nearing the group of pewter plants was recorded their concentration surpassing by ten times and more the natural one. The products of the kitchen garden crops grown on the contaminated soils showed no content of heavy metals dangerous for human beings. The only exception was Cd whose concentration in beet, carrot, onion and occasionally in potato exceeded the hygienic standard. The maximum permissible concentration of this metal in soil needs to be diminished, reduced to the rigid one. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL VEGETABLES PLANTS PLANTS PLANTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Horticulture-Vegetables Liliaceae Chenopodiaceae Umbelliferae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7

7440-31-5 7440-24-6 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: SBZHE ENTRY MONTH: 199401 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/35872 791 TITLE: Photodynamic action of bonellin, an integumentary chlorin of Bonellia viridis, Rolando (Echiura, Bonelliidae). AUTHORS: AGIUS L JACCARINI V BALLANTINE JA FERRITO V PELTER A PSAILA AF ZAMMIT VA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ft. St. Lucian Mar. Stn., Old Univ. Malta, Msida, Malta. SOURCE: COMP BIOCHEM PHYSIOL B COMP BIOCHEM; 63 (1). 1979. 109-118. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The photodynamic activity of bonellin, an integumentary chlorin of B. viridis, is investigated. Bonellin solutions (10-6 M) hemolyze erythrocytes only in the presence of light. Previous illumination (tungsten lamp 2000-4000 lx for 1 h) of the bonellin solutions does not affect the results. Under lowered O2 tensions the bioactivity is depressed. Benzoquinone and singlet O2 quenchers delay the photodynamic effect. Bonellin (2resses O2 uptake of spermatozoa, and arrests development of echinoid and Bonellia eggs. These effects are produced only in the presence of light. Cu bonellin is not photodynamically active. The role of Cu may be to protect against photosensitization. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 62888-19-1 CODEN: CBPBB ENTRY MONTH: 197912 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/00423 792 TITLE: Physicochemical speciation of trace elements in river waters by size fractionation. AUTHORS: TANIZAKI Y SHIMOKAWA T NAKAMURA M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Tokyo Metropolitan Isotope Res. Cent., 2-11-1 Fukazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Japan. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 26 (7). 1992. 1433-1444. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Size fractionation method has been used for the specization of trace elements in river waters. Both filtration and ultrafiltration techniques were applied to fractionate the trace elements into various sizes and/or molecular weight ranges. The size distribution was determined for 39 elements by means of neutron activation analysis to estimate their physicochemical forms. Alkali and alkaline earth elements, heavy rare earth elements (REEs), As, Co, Mn, Ni, Sb, Se, V, W, and Zn were mainly present in the dissolved phase, while Ag, Al, Fe, Sc, and light REEs were predominantly associated with the suspended particles. The dominant dissolved species for alkali and alkaline earth elements, Al, V, Mn, Sb, and Au were regarded as simple ions, while heavy REEs, Sc, Co, Ni, and Zn were apt to form soluble complexes with organic ligands. Light REEs, Fe, and Ag were mainly associated with colloidal materials. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-66-6

7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/24457 793 TITLE: HEALTH PHYSICS CONSIDERATIONS DURING A TUNGSTEN SPALLATION TARGET CHANGE OUT AT AN 800-MEV PROTON ACCELERATOR AUTHORS: WALKER LS STOKES RC SOURCE: THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY, COLUMBUS, OHIO, USA, JUNE 21-25, 1992. HEALTH PHYS; 62 (6 SUPPL.). 1992. S15. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN ANTICONTAMINATION CLOTHING RESPIRATOR COLLECTIVE DOSE CONTROL COOLANT WATERBORNE CONTAMINATION VENTILATED CONTAINMENT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/METABOLISM OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-Physiology and Biochemistry Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health

Hominidae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/25365 794 TITLE: MICROBIAL PROCESSING OF VOLATILE ORGANICS AUTHORS: ROGERS RD WOLFRAM JH HIGDEM DM SOURCE: 92ND GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA, MAY 26-30, 1992. ABSTR GEN MEET AM SOC MICROBIOL; 92 (0). 1992. 354. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA TOLUENE P XYLENE BIOPROCESS POTENTIAL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-General Metabolism Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 108-88-3

108-88-3 106-42-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AGMME ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/25872 795 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF LEAD IN NATURAL AND WASTE WATERS USING A NON-DISPERSIVE ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER WITH A TUNGSTEN SPIRAL ATOMIZER AUTHORS: GRAZHULENE SS KHOVSTIKOV VA VYKHRISTENKO NN SOROKIN MV SOURCE: XXVII COLLOQUIUM SPECTROSCOPICUM INTERNATIONALE, BERGEN, NORWAY, JUNE 9-14, 1991. J ANAL AT SPECTROM; 7 (2). 1992. 105-108. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures

Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/26105 796 TITLE: The Occurrence Of Hexachlorobenzene In Human Serum AUTHORS: Zeman A Wolfram G Zoellner N SOURCE: Naturwissenschaften, Vol. 58, No. 5, page 276, 8 references, 19711971 ABSTRACT: The composition of serum fatty acids was investigated in diet tests with healthy male subjects. Gas chromatography was used for fatty acid identification. When hexachlorobenzene (118741) (HCB) was identified, the diet was searched for its appearance. A gas chromatographic peak occurred that could not be correlated with any fatty acid. Spectroscopic examination showed absorption in the infrared spectrum of 1345 and 695 per centimeter that correlated to the most intensive bands in the spectrum of HCB. Capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry showed a gross composition of 5 carbon atoms and 6 chlorine atoms. No HCB could be detected in the fat used for the diet, in the powdered skim milk, or in the glucose syrup. The authors conclude that HCB was present in blood serum. Its origin is not known. It is noted that HCB is a seed disinfectant for wheat and a softener for polyvinyl-chloride, and is used for flameproofing synthetic materials. Blood serum HCB may have originated from one of these sources. (German) KEYWORDS: DCN-124075 TRANS Serological techniques Biochemical tests Dietary effects Laboratory testing Chromatographic analysis Biological factors Organic solvents Chemical properties Biological effects

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 118-74-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136093 797 TITLE: OCULAR TOXICITY OF NEWER INDUSTRIAL METALS AUTHORS: LAURING L WERGELAND F L JR SOURCE: MIL MED; 135 (12). 1970 1171-1174 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN RABBIT CADMIUM CHROMIUM COBALT MOLYBDENUM TANTALUM INDIUM TIN MAGNESIUM MANGANESE TITANIUM TUNGSTEN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 76-44-8 6033-56-3 7439-95-4 7439-98-7 7440-25-7 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-74-6 CODEN: MMEDA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/05777 798 TITLE: Epidemiological survey of workers exposed to cobalt oxides, cobalt salts, and cobalt metal. AUTHORS: SWENNEN B BUCHET J-P

STANESCU D LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ind. Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, 30-54 Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 1200 Brussels, BEL. SOURCE: BRITISH JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE; 50 (9). 1993. 835-842. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Several organs (lung, skin, thyroid, heart, bone marrow) are potential targets of cobalt (Co). Whereas there is no doubt that inhalation of Co alone may cause bronchial asthma, its role in the occurrence of hard metal disease is still controversial because most cases were reported in workers exposed not only to Co but also to other substances such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, iron, silica and diamond. To assess whether exposure to pure Co dust (metal, oxides, or salts) may lead to adverse health effects a cross sectional study was carried out among 82 workers in a Co refinery. The results were compared with those in a sex and aged matched control group. The Co group had been exposed for 8.0 years on average (range 0.3-39.4). The geometric mean time weighted average exposure assessed with personal samplers (n = 82) was about 125 mug/m3 and 25% of the values were higher than 500 mug/m3. The concentrations of Co in blood and in urine after the shift were signific MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY MINERALS HEART DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY THYROID GLAND SKIN DISEASES/PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Biochemical Studies-Minerals Cardiovascular System-Heart Pathology Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Endocrine System-Thyroid Integumentary System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 56780-56-4 56780-56-4 11130-73-7 7782-40-3 7631-86-9 7440-48-4 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/00666 799 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENT REFERENCE VALUES IN TISSUES FROM INHABITANTS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY III. THE CONTROL OF PREANALYTICAL FACTORS IN THE BIOMONITORING OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS AUTHORS: MINOIA C PIETRA R SABBIONI E RONCHI A GATTI A CAVALLERI A MANZO L SOURCE: MEETING ON FROM MACRO TO MICRODOSES: REFERENCE VALUES FOR TOXIC METALS, BRESCIA, ITALY, APRIL 5, 1990. SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 120 (1-2). 1992. 63-79. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN CONTAMINATION RISK STORAGE LOSSES TOXICITY LABORATORY AIR QUALITY GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS

MINERALS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-Public Health Laboratory Methods Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7782-42-5 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199212 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/92/31151 800 TITLE: Indirect Validation of a Retrospective Method of Exposure Assessment used in a Nested Case-Control Study of Lung Cancer and Silica Exposure AUTHORS: Dosemeci M McLaughlin JK

Chen J-Q Hearl F McCawley M Wu Z Chen R-G Peng K-L Chen A-L Rexing SH Blot WJ SOURCE: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 51, No. 2, pages 136-138, 32 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: A retrospective method of exposure assessment used in a nested case control study of lung cancer and silica (7631869) exposure was validated using an indirect method. Twenty nine mines and factories from five provinces in China were included. A cohort of 68,285 workers employed during January 1972 through December 1974 at eight pottery factories, one clay mine, ten tungsten mines, six copper/iron mines, and four tin mines was analyzed. There were 316 cases of lung cancer. A retrospective method for assessment of exposure to silica was used. Indices of cumulative total dust (CTD) and cumulative respirable dust (CRD) were calculated by merging work histories of subjects with their historical exposure profiles. Trends in the exposure response relationship between the CTD and CRD indices and exposure to silica and risk of silicosis were evaluated using 376 patients with silicosis and 1,262 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age showed striking trends with both indices of exposure to silica. In the case of CRD, the OR (95% confidence interval) rose from 7.6 for low exposure to 20.0 for median exposure and 51.7 for high exposure. The authors conclude that in view of the strength of the association between exposure to silica and the risk of silicosis, the retrospective method of exposure assessment used in the case control study of lung cancer would be an accurate reflection of whether an exposure response relationship exists between silica and lung cancer. KEYWORDS: DCN-218881 NIOSH Author Cancer rates Dust inhalation Lung cancer Epidemiology Occupational exposure Occupational hazards Silica dusts Exposure levels Statistical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NIOSH/00219303 801 TITLE: Field survey of rare element concentrations in soil and clover for monitoring environmental pollution. AUTHORS: YASUDA H SATTA N INOUE Y MORISAWA S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Environ. Sanitary Eng., Kyoto Univ. Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-01, Jpn. SOURCE: RADIOISOTOPES; 41 (7). 1992. 343-349. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Concentrations of rare elements in soil and clover, taken from a refuse reclaimed site (Y-area) and a control area (T-area), were determined by radioactivation analysis. Concentrations of many rare elements (fourteen out of twenty six elemetns) in Y-area soil were larger than those in the control area. However, the magnitude of each element was not judged to be large enough to show the environmental contamination related to human activities. Concentrations of rare earth elements in clover were very low. Therefore these elements are assumed to be stable in insoluble form in soil and be hardly taken up by the root of clover. Homologues of essental elements showed higher concentrations in clover. This suggests that the homologues, which are clearly related to human activities, may become promising indications for monitoring environmental pollution. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM ANIMAL FEED PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL SOIL LEGUMES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Agronomy-Forage Crops and Fodder Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Leguminosae Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-64-4 7440-64-4 7440-58-6 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-33-7 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-00-8 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 LANGUAGE: jpn CODEN: RAISA ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/33492 802 TITLE: TRACE METAL MONITORING BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY AUTHORS: BARRETT P COPELAND TR SOURCE: SCHUETZLE, DENNIS (ED.). ACS (AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY) SYMPOSIUM SERIES, NO. 94. MONITORING TOXIC SUBSTANCES. A SYMPOSIUM AT THE 174TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. CHICAGO, ILL., USA, AUG. 31, 1977. XI+289P. ILLUS. AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY: WASHINGTON, D.C., USA. ISBN 0-8412-0480-2.; 1979 101-111 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. AIR PARTICULATES WATER POLLUTION CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-55-3

7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: 07211 ENTRY MONTH: 197912 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/00916 803 TITLE: Determination of trace elements in animal feed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. AUTHORS: PARK JH KIM HJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Coll. Pharm., DongDuck Women's Univ., Seoul 136-714, Korea. SOURCE: J PHARM SOC KOREA; 36 (3). 1992. 199-204. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The trace elements in animal feed were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS, VG-PlasmaQuad Co.) to find possible sources of heavy metals accumulation in rat organ. The study about spectral interference was performed by analysis of a background spectrum of ICP-MS. Recovery test using standard of Cd and Se (100 ppb) was found to be better than 90%. Twenty elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, Al, Mn, Pb, B, Ce, Bi, U, V, Cd, and W) are determined. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY VETERINARY MEDICINE ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL NUTRITION FEEDING BEHAVIOR AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMALS MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Toxicology-Veterinary Toxicology Animal Production-Feeds and Feeding Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Animalia-Unspecified Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: kor CODEN: YAHOA ENTRY MONTH: 199304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/00959

804 TITLE: Capacitively Coupled Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer for the Determination of Lead in Whole Blood AUTHORS: Wensing MW Smith BW Winefordner JD SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 66, No. 4, pages 531-535, 22 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: A new method that used capacitively coupled microwave plasma (CMP) atomic emission spectrometry (AES) for the determination of lead (7439921) (Pb) in whole blood was described. The procedure used a tungsten filament electrode, and helium as the plasma gas. The setup was typical of the CMP-AES system except that a high voltage switch was used to gate power to the magnetron, so that water cooling of the electrode was unnecessary. Blood samples (2 microliter aliquots) containing lead-phosphate (7446277), lead-chloride (7758954), or potassium-chloride (7447407) were deposited on the electrode and dried first at 75 watts (W) for 30 seconds to remove any potassium. The plasma gas was ignited at low power (30W), and the sample was ashed for 3 minutes. The switch was opened and voltage was increased. Closing the switch resulted in vaporization, atomization and excitation of Pb. Results from samples containing 330 parts per billion (ppb) Pb (mass/volume) in blood showed that recovery of Pb was 88%. The precision in blood was 7% at 330ppb. A detection limit of 6ppb (12 picograms) was obtained for Pb in whole blood. The authors conclude that the described CMP-AES method is a sensitive method for determining Pb in both blood and aqueous samples. KEYWORDS: DCN-219216 Analytical methods Blood analysis Blood sampling Lead compounds Heavy metals Pollutants Toxicology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 7439-92-1 7446-27-7 7758-95-4 7447-40-7 CODEN: ANCHAM ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00219732

805 TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF ELEMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH PYRITE CONCENTRATES FROM COAL IN THE SYDNEY COALFIELD UPPER CARBONIFEROUS NOVA SCOTIA CANADA AUTHORS: ZODROW EL GOODARZI F SOURCE: ENERGY SOURCES; 15 (4). 1993. 639-652. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE ENVIRONMENT METHODS COAL SEAMS SPECTROMETRY ANALYTICAL METHOD MINERALS SEDIMENTS POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOLOGY/METHODS ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Methods Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 21645-51-2 21645-51-2 15491-23-3 14457-55-7 13463-67-7 12160-02-0 12136-45-7 8029-10-5 7782-49-2

7631-86-9 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-88-5 1314-56-3 1313-59-3 1309-48-4 1309-36-0 1305-78-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EGYSA ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/02384 806 TITLE: Odd-numbered medium-chain triglycerides (Trinonanoin) in total parenteral nutrition: Effects on parameters of fat metabolism in rabbits.

AUTHORS: LINSEISEN J WOLFRAM G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Ernahrugswissenschaft TU Munchen, D-83550 Freising-Weihenstephan, GER. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION; 17 (6). 1993. 522-528. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Odd-numbered medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) might combine the advantages of "usual" MCTs applied in clinical nutrition with lower ketogenic action and the release of three carbon units. To test subacute toxicity, trinonanoin/long-chain triglyceride (LCT) (7/3 wt/wt) fat emulsions were given to rabbits (n = 8) for 11 days (7 h/d) within a total parenteral nutrition regimen at a dose of 46.5% of total daily energy. Comparisons were made with rabbits receiving equicaloric amounts of MCT (7/3, wt/wt) or pure LCT fat emulsions, as well as with orally fed controls. The trinonanion/LCT emulsion was well tolerated by all animals. Body weight changes showed no statistically significant differences between groups. The enzymatic determination of triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and free glycerol concentrations in plasma samples revealed similar results for both MCT groups. However, ketone body concentrations (3-hydroxybutyrate) were significantly lower after trinonanoi MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LIPIDS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ANATOMY ANIMALS, LABORATORY THERAPEUTICS LIPIDS/METABOLISM DIET IATROGENIC DISEASE DIET THERAPY DIETARY FATS DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/METABOLISM BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY LAGOMORPHA KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Lipids Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules

Anatomy and Histology Pathology Metabolism-Lipids Nutrition-Pathogenic Diets Nutrition-Prophylactic and Therapeutic Diets Nutrition-Lipids (1972- ) Digestive System-Physiology and Biochemistry Blood Toxicology-General Toxicology-Foods Leporidae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JPEND ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/04375 807 TITLE: Attenuation of primary and leakage radiation in concrete for X-rays from a 10 MV linear accelerator. AUTHORS: TOCHILIN E LARIVIERE PD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Varian Assoc. Inc., 611 Hansen Way, Palo Alto, Calif. 94303, USA. SOURCE: HEALTH PHYS; 36 (3). 1979. 387-392. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The penetrating properties of both primary and leakage radiation was determined for a 10 MV isocentric X-ray linear accelerator. The 10th-value layer and beam profiles of the primary beam was measured at different field sizes through a 30 in. concrete wall. Transmission measurements of X-rays emitted at an angles of 45, 90, 135 and 180 degrees were also obtained. This approach allowed a direct comparison of the primary beam 10th-value data with published values, thereby providing a check on the adequacy of the experimental method employed. Leakage radiation through lead and tungsten shielding around the X-ray-producing target was significantly less penetrating than the primary beam. LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH:

198007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/02510 808 TITLE: European intercomparison of ultraviolet spectroradiometers. AUTHORS: GARDINER BG WEBB AR BAIS AF BLUMTHALER M DIRMHIRN I FORSTER P GILLOTAY D HENRIKSEN K HUBER M ET AL AUTHOR ADDRESS: British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Rd., Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK. SOURCE: ENVIRON TECHNOL; 14 (1). 1993. 25-43. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Accurate spectral measurements of solar ultraviolet radiation are essential to an understanding of the photochemical and biological effects of ozone depletion. The analysis of spatial and temporal variations in ultraviolet fluxes will depend on the collation of spectra from many independent laboratories. However, results from diverse instruments operated in isolation may not be consistent with each other. To investigate the compatibility of different designs of spectroradiometer, a blind trial of six distinct instrument types was carried out at a suburban site in Greece. Comparisons were performed in daylight, and with tungsten lamps indoors. Excellent agreement was obtained in the relative spectral response of the instruments, but their absolute lamp calibrations varied, and did not generally agree with results from the daylight experiments. Simultaneous spectral scans by all instruments revealed discrepancies attributable to stray light, bandwidth, and cosine response MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS GASES BIOPHYSICS/METHODS DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Radiation-General Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques External Effects-Light and Darkness Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVTE ENTRY MONTH: 199306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/10494 809 TITLE: Induction of micronuclei in cultured human lymphocytes exposed to quartz halogen lamps and its prevention by glass covers. AUTHORS: D'AGOSTINI F IZZOTTI A DE FLORA S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Hygiene Preventive Med., Univ. Genoa, via Pasore 1, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. SOURCE: MUTAGENESIS; 8 (1). 1993. 87-89. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The light emitted by an uncovered tungsten halogen lamp (12 V, 50 W), equipped with a dichroic mirror, induced time-related and distance-related increases in the frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes following in vitro exposure. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from three healthy donors showed the same degree of sensitivity. This clastogenic effect could be ascribed to the emission of far-UV wavelengths (UVB and UVC) and was prevented by interposing a common glass cover. These results support the findings of our genotoxicity studies in repair-deficient bacteria and carcinogenicity studies in hairless mice, thereby suggesting possible health hazards associated with illumination with halogen quartz bulbs, to which an enormous number of individuals are nowadays exposed. These hazards can be simply avoided by using glass covers. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION BIOCHEMISTRY BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-General Blood Blood Blood Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUTAE ENTRY MONTH: 199306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/12895 810 TITLE: Screening of encapsulated microbial cells for the degradation of inorganic cyanides. AUTHORS:

CHAPATWALA KD BABU G RV WOLFRAM JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Natural Sci., Selma Univ., Selma, AL 36701, USA. SOURCE: J IND MICROBIOL; 11 (2). 1993. 69-72. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Different encapsulation matrices were screened to encapsulate cells of Pseudomonas putida for degradation of inogranic cyanides. Degradation of NaCN by free cells and cells immobilized in agar, alginate or carrageenan matrices was studied. The rate of NaCN degradation was monitored for 120 h by measuring pH, bacterial growth, dissolved and gaseous NH3 and gaseous CO2. Alginate-immobolized cells degraded NaCN more efficiently than free cells or agar- or carrageenan-immobilized cells. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY MOVEMENT METABOLISM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-General Biochemical Studies-General Movement (1971- ) Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-General Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 143-33-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JIMIE ENTRY MONTH: 199306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/13438 811 TITLE: SAMPLE SELECTION AND PREPARATION PROCEDURES FOR ANALYSES OF METALS AND ORGANOHALOGEN COMPOUNDS IN SWEDISH SEALS AUTHORS: ROOS A BLOMKVIST G OLSSON M JENSEN S BERGMAN A HARKONEN T SOURCE: AMBIO; 21 (8). 1992. 525-528. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM PHOCA-VITULINA-VITULINA HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS PHOCA-HISPIDA-BOTNICA OCEAN POLLUTION LIVER KIDNEY DDT POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY BIOCHEMISTRY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES MAMMALS PINNIPEDIA KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Digestive System-Pathology Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Pest Control Chordata Phocidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2

7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1336-36-3 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AMBOC ENTRY MONTH: 199306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/14843 812 TITLE: Biolistic transformation of conidia of Botryotinia fuckeliana. AUTHORS: HILBER UW BODMER M SMITH FD KOLLER W AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Plant Pathol., Swiss Federal Research Station, CH-8820 Wadenswil, SWI. SOURCE: CURRENT GENETICS; 25 (2). 1994. 124-127. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Botryotinia fuckeliana, the causal agent of grey mould, was biolistically transformed to hygromycin B resistance using a plasmid (pOHT) containing a bacterial hygromycin phosphotransferase gene fused to regulatory sequences from Aspergillus nidulans. Multiple copies of the plasmid, precipitated onto tungsten particles, were delivered into the conidia by a helium-driven gene gun. Southern analysis showed that the plasmid was integrated into the fungal genome at one single locus. After five subsequent transfers on selective medium, all transformants were mitotically stable. When propagated on nonselective medium, four out of

eight transformants retained their resistance to hygromycin B. Southern analysis of the fifth generation of transformants showed that no genetic rearrangements occurred during vegetative growth of stable transformants. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/*GENETICS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM FUNGI PLANT DISEASES ASCOMYCOTA MITOSPORIC FUNGI KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Biochemical Studies-Minerals Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Diseases Caused by Fungi Ascomycetes Fungi Imperfecti or Deuteromycetes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 31282-04-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CUGED ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/06576 813 TITLE: Health Risks Associated with Cobalt Exposure An Overview AUTHORS: Lauwerys R Lison D SOURCE: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 150, Nos. 1-3, pages 1-6, 29 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: A review of the health risks associated with exposure to cobalt (7440484) was presented. Cobalt is an essential metal involved in the production of vitamin B12. Industrially, cobalt is produced primarily as a by product of the mining and processing of copper and nickel. It can be refined for use as cathodes or powders that are used for the production of alloys and various compounds. Occupational exposure to cobalt usually occurs by

inhalation during its the production and processing, which leads to exposure to tungsten carbide, iron, and diamond. Environmental exposure usually occurs through the diet. Cobalt is absorbed through the pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract, after which the highest concentrations of cobalt are found in the liver and kidney. It is excreted in the urine and feces. Nonoccupational exposure to cobalt has been linked to outbreaks of cardiomyopathy in consumers of cobalt fortified beer, although poor nutrition and ethanol had played an additive role. Various respiratory tract reactions have been reported in workers occupationally exposed to pure cobalt including allergic rhinitis in the upper respiratory tract, asthma in the bronchial tree, and hard metal disease in the parenchyma. Cobalt may also cause allergic dermatitis, isolated cases of cardiomyopathy, hearing loss, optic nerve atrophy, and various other changes observed in animal studies. Few cases of cancer have been observed in cobalt workers, and there is inconclusive evidence linking cobalt exposure with increased cancer risks in workers. The author concludes that many of the industrial activities involving cobalt also involve other substances which may modulate the biological reactivity of cobalt. KEYWORDS: DCN-221442 Cobalt alloys Cobalt compounds Metal industry Risk factors Metal refining Industrial exposures Health hazards Respiratory irritants Respiratory system disorders Allergic dermatitis Cancer rates CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: STENDL ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00221707 814 TITLE: Determination of bromine in biological, soil and geological standard reference materials by instrumental epithermal neutron activation. AUTHORS: GLADNEY ES PERRIN DR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Los Alamos Sci. Lab., Univ. Calif., P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, N.M. 87545, USA.

SOURCE: ANAL CHEM; 51 (12). 1979. 2015-2018. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Br is measured in National Bureau of Standards, Canadian Geological Survey and USA Geological Survey reference materials. Detection limits of 50 ppb can be achieved in some matrices by this purely instrumental technique. Interferences from W, As, Sb, Mo and Fe are discussed. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7726-95-6 7726-95-6 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7439-89-6 CODEN: ANCHA ENTRY MONTH: 198007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/06454 815 TITLE: A protocol for minimizing contamination in the analysis of trace metals in Great Lakes waters. AUTHORS: NRIAGU JO LAWSON G WONG H KT AZCUE JM AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Water Res. Inst., Box 5050, Burlington, Ont. L7R 4A6, Can. SOURCE: J GT LAKES RES; 19 (1). 1993. 175-182. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The precautions and procedures aimed at minimizing contamination artifacts during the collection, filtration, and analysis of trace metals in fresh water are described. The techniques for proper decontamination of sample containers and labware and for field blanks are also presented. Samples are obtained using a portable clean laboratory and analyzed in a Class 100 pressurized room. Preliminary results obtained using the protocols described cast doubt on most of the published data on trace metal concentrations in the Great Lakes. The profiles of dissolved metal concentrations in the water column of Lake Ontario show very distinctive source-dependent features obfuscated in earlier studies by poor data quality.

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-15-5 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JGLRD ENTRY MONTH: 199308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/19386 816 TITLE:

Interspecies comparison of lichens as biomonitors of trace-element air pollution. AUTHORS: SLOOF JE WOLTERBEEK BT AUTHOR ADDRESS: Interfaculty Reactor Inst., Delft Univ. Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands. SOURCE: ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS; 25 (2). 1993. 149-157. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The linearity of the interspecies relation between the elemental contents in Parmelia sulcata and Lecanora conizaeoides, sampled in a polluted area, was examined by the function y = az + b and yz-1 = a + bz-1, with y and z bieng the elemental content in Parmelia and Lecanora, respectively. For As, Co, V and Zn significant positive a and b values were found, allowing interspecies calibration. For Br, Cd, Cr, Fe, La, Sb, Se and W the a values were zero and the b values were positive, indicating saturation of Parmelia and thus ruling out interspecies calibration. For Cu a part of the data set showed saturation effects in Lecanora. The results showed that average concentration ratio could not be used for intercalibration purposes, because the concentration ratios were depndent on the concentrations. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS/ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION LICHENS KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2

7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EMASD ENTRY MONTH: 199308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/19742 817 TITLE: DISTRIBUTION OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN FLY-ASH PARTICULATES AUTHORS: RAUSCH H FLISZAR-BARANYAI R SANDOR S LASZLO-SZIKLAI I TOROK S PAPP-ZENPLEN E SOURCE: 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MANCHESTER, ENGLAND, UK, SEPTEMBER 1990. SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 130-131 (0). 1993. 317-330. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM AIR POLLUTION LIGNITE COAL PARTICLE MORPHOLOGY PHYSICAL PROPERTIES CHEMICAL PROPERTIES INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68131-74-8 68131-74-8 12136-45-7 8029-10-5 7782-49-2 7778-18-9 7704-34-9 7631-86-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-28-1 1313-59-3 1309-48-4 1305-78-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199308 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/20391 818 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF SILICON IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS USING METAL CARBIDE-COATED GRAPHITE TUBES AUTHORS: PEREZ PARAJON JM SANZ-MEDEL A SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 9 (2). 1994. 111-116. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN SILICON TUNGSTEN ZIRCONIUM TANTALUM MOLYBDENUM ALUMINUM SERUM URINE CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE TOXICITY DETECTION LIMIT SPECTROMETRY ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY URINE/CHEMISTRY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Bioengineering Blood Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-General Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Toxicology-General Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-67-7 7440-67-7 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 7440-21-3 7439-98-7 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199406 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/14056 819 TITLE: THE BEHAVIOR OF TRACE ELEMENTS DURING COAL COMBUSTION AND GASIFICATION AN OVERVIEW AUTHORS: CLARKE LB SOURCE: CHOW, W. AND K. K. CONNOR (ED.). MANAGING HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS: STATE OF THE ART; FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, NOVEMBER 4-6, 1991. XIX+582P. LEWIS PUBLISHERS INC.: CHELSEA, MICHIGAN, USA. ISBN 0-87371-866-6.; 0 (0). 1993. 358-370. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEETING PAPER BOOK CHAPTER EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEMS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS GASES BIOCHEMISTRY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia

Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-Bioengineering Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12624-32-7 12624-32-7 11104-93-1 8029-10-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 47906 ENTRY MONTH: 199406 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/14263 820 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-91-0259-2420, Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma AUTHORS: Deitchman S Kelly J SOURCE: Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-91-0259-2420, 19 pages, 24 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: In response to a request from civilian employees of the U.S. Air Force Logistics Command (SIC-3721) at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, an investigation was begun into possible health effects from exposure to cobalt (7440484), chromium (7440473), and nickel (7440020) in the Nozzle Shop area. The Base refurbished Air Force jet aircraft by inspecting the parts and repairing them as needed. Jet engine nozzles were refurbished in the Nozzle Shop. The damaged vanes were removed from the nozzle frame by grinding off the connecting weld using hand held portable grinders. The repair was completed by welding the new vanes in place using gas tungsten arc welding. A review was conducted of environmental monitoring data collected before and after the implementation of control measures including ventilation, use of personal protective equipment, and work practices. Medical interviews were conducted with 23 grinders and welders. The pulmonary function testing program was evaluated, and the medical screening program was reviewed. Environmental sampling data showed reductions of personal exposure levels to below the OSHA permissible exposure limits. With the exception of nickel, the recent measurements were also below the NIOSH recommended exposure levels (RELs). The authors recommend that exposure be reduced so that all exposure levels remain below the NIOSH RELs, and that measures be taken to assure continuing validity of the medical screening program. KEYWORDS: DCN-221453 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation NIOSH Technical Assistance Report HETA 91 0259 2420 Hazard Confirmed Region 6 Metal dusts Dust exposure Aircraft engines Industrial hygiene Occupational exposure Pulmonary function tests Medical screening CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00221734 821 TITLE: Temperature changes in contact lenses in connection with radiation from welding arcs. AUTHORS: LOVSUND P NILSSON S EG LINDH H OBERG PA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ophthalmol., Univ. Hosp., Univ. Linkoping, S-581 85 Linkoping, Swed. SOURCE: SCAND J WORK ENVIRON HEALTH; 5 (3). 1979 (RECD. 1980). 271-279. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Because of reports of risks associated with the use of contact lenses during exposure to welding arcs, the temperature changes in soft contact lenses were recorded in connection with certain types of welding (manual metal arc (MMA) welding tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding and metal inert gas (MIG) welding), both with free-hanging lenses and lenses applied to the eyes of anesthetized rabbits. A great increase in temperature was noted, especially with MMA welding. At a distance of 0.4 m the temperature of a lens on a rabbit eye rose from about 35 to 50 C within 6 min, whereas the air temperature only increased from 23 to 30 C. The increase was the greatest at the beginning of the welding period. Most of the lenses completely dired out during the experiment, and there would be a potential risk that the lens would adhere to the cornea. One safety glass screen (DIN 10 A) proved effective in preventing the rise in temperature in contact lenses during MMA welding. Even though it is impossible to direct the eyes at the arc for a prolonged period of time, the use of contact lenses in connection with at least certain types of welding is not to be recommended without the use of a suitable safety glass screen (or safety glasses). With regard to the large number of particles in the welding environment, also a risk factor for contact lens wearers, it is doubtful whether even safety glasses or screens are satisfactory unless they fit closely. LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SWEHD ENTRY MONTH:

198007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/06499 822 TITLE: New Instruments and Techniques Applicable to X-Ray Spectrochemical Analysis AUTHORS: Hasler MF Kemp JW Andermann G SOURCE: Paper Presented at the Fourth Annual Symposium Industrial Applications of X-Ray Analysis, Denver, Colorado, August 11-12, 1955, 25 pages, 19551955 ABSTRACT: Progress in X-ray spectrochemical analysis is reviewed. The analysis of metals in metal ores is more rapid and accurate and progress is being made in the analysis of nonmetallic samples. New instruments have been developed; the advantages of two are discussed. Computations in X-ray spectrochemical analysis are described and results are given of tool steel analysis. Results are obtained which are as accurate as chemical analysis for iron (7439896), tungsten (7440337), molybdenum (7439987), chromium (7440473), and vanadium (7440622). KEYWORDS: DCN-178996 Vanadium Alloys Transition metals Toxic substances Nonmetals Analytical methods Measurement instrumentation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 7439-89-6 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7440-47-3 7440-62-2 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1955 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00075746 823

TITLE: CONTINUOUS PROCESSING OF P XYLENE WITH A NOVEL PSEUDOMONAD AUTHORS: WOLFRAM JH CRUDEN DL GIBSON DT HIGDEM D ROGERS RD SOURCE: 93RD GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, USA, MAY 16-20, 1993. ABSTR GEN MEET AM SOC MICROBIOL; 93 (0). 1993. 356. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA SOIL POLLUTION CHEMOSTAT OXYGEN UPTAKE RATES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY SOIL PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Comparative Biochemistry Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Biophysics-Bioengineering Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures

Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 106-42-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AGMME ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/26410 824 TITLE: EVALUATION OF PERSONAL BREATHING ZONE AND AREA AIR CONCENTRATIONS OF THORIUM DURING GRINDING AND WELDING OPERATIONS USING THORIATED TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES AUTHORS: CRIM EM BRADLEY TD SOURCE: THIRTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, USA, JULY 11-15, 1993. HEALTH PHYS; 64 (SUPPL. 6). 1993. S85. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN RADIATION HAZARD OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199310 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/27184 825 TITLE: Comparative Effects of Inorganic Divalent Mercury, Methylmercury and Phenylmercury on Membrane Excitability and Synaptic Transmission of CA1 Neurons in Hippocampal Slices of the Rat AUTHORS: Yuan Y Atchison WD SOURCE: Neurotoxicology, Vol. 15, No. 2, pages 403-411, 30 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The effects of inorganic divalent mercury (7439976), methylmercury (22967926) (MM), and phenylmercury (PM) on membrane excitability and synaptic transmission in CA1 neurons of the hippocampal slices from rat brains were investigated. Hippocampal slices were obtained from the brains of Sprague-Dawley-rats and conventional extracellular recordings were made in the CA1 regions using tungsten electrodes. Population spikes (PSs) and excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) were recorded. Mercuric-chloride (7487947) (MC), MM, and PM were added to artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) just prior to the recordings being made. Results showed that all three mercurials significantly reduced the amplitude of the PSs and eventually blocked them, although their time courses were somewhat different. PM caused biphasic changes in PS amplitude, and seemed to be more effective at 20 micromolar (microM) concentrations. At 100microM, the times to complete block were about the same for PM and MM, and were slower than with MC. However, MC had relatively weak effects on EPSPs, which were never blocked even after 120 minutes exposure to 100microM. MM and PM effects on EPSPs were similar to its effects on PSs. In this case, MM caused a biphasic alteration of EPSPs. The most potent effects were with 20mM PM and, at 100mM, the time to block was intermediate between MM and MC. Reversibility of effects were compared after washing the slices for 90 minutes in ACSF containing D-penicillamine (DP). As washing proceeded, the effects of MC on PSs and EPSPs were reversed. While MM effects on PSs were only partially reversed, EPSPs rapidly returned to control levels. PM effects were not reversed by washing with DP. With low intensity stimuli, washing did not reverse MM and PM blocked PSs, but amplitudes of PSs were increased with higher intensity stimuli, suggesting partial recovery. DP completely reversed the effects of MC on PSs. The authors conclude that the primary effects of the three mercurials on PSs may be due to decreased neural

excitability, and may be connected with lipophilicity differences. KEYWORDS: DCN-221492 Comparative toxicology Electrophysiological measurements Environmental contamination Laboratory animals Neuropathology Neurophysiology Neurotoxic effects Inorganic mercury Mercury compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-97-6 7439-97-6 22967-92-6 7487-94-7 CODEN: NRTXDN ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00221774 826 TITLE: Evaluation of the role of reactive oxygen species in the interactive toxicity of carbide-cobalt mixtures on macrophages in culture. AUTHORS: LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Ind. Toxicol. and Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Clos Chapelle aux Champs 30.54, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: ARCH TOXICOL; 67 (5). 1993. 347-351. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The lung toxicity of a carbide-cobalt mixture is more important than that of each individual component; the mechanism of this interaction is not understood. The capacity of cobalt metal particles alone and mixed with different carbides to generate hydroxyl radicals was examined with the deoxyribose assay. In a chemical system, cobalt ions and cobalt metal particles (Co) were found to catalyse the degradation of deoxyribose in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Carbides were able to directly oxidize deoxyribose, but their respective activities did not support such a mechanism to explain the carbide-cobalt interactive toxicity, since there was no direct relationship between deoxyribose degradation ability and cytotoxicity toward macrophages. Tungsten, niobium, titanium and chromium carbides (interactive carbides)

were only weak oxidants and conversely molybdenum, vanadium and silicon carbides (non-interactive carbides) were the most potent ones. The ability of cobalt meta MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Blood Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 56780-56-4 56780-56-4 12070-10-9 12069-94-2 12011-97-1 12011-60-8 11130-73-7 409-21-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ARTOD ENTRY MONTH: 199311

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/28622 827 TITLE: An improved instrument for the in vivo detection of lead in bone. AUTHORS: GORDON CL CHETTLE DR WEBBER CE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Nuclear Med., Chedoke-McMaster Hosp., 1200 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ont. L8N 3Z5, Can. SOURCE: BR J IND MED; 50 (7). 1993. 637-641. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An improved instrument for the fluorescence excitation measurement of concentrations of lead in bone has been developed. This is based on a large area high purity germanium detector and a point source of 109Cd. The source is positioned in a tungsten shield at the centre of the detector face such that 88keV photons cannot enter the detector directly. In vivo measurements are calibrated with plaster of Paris phantoms. Occupationally non-exposed men show a minimum detectable concentration of about 6 mug/g bone mineral. Measurements of tibia lead concentrations in 30 non-occupationally exposed men between the ages of 23 and 73 showed an annual increment of 0.46 mug/g bone mineral/year. The mean deviation from the regression of tibia lead upon age was 3.5 mug/g bone mineral. Tibia lead concentration in one subject with a history of exposure to lead was 69.6 (SD 3.5) mug/g bone mineral. The improved precision of the point source large detector system means that greater confid MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS CHORDATA EXTREMITIES ANIMAL ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Chordate Body Regions-Extremities (1970- ) Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BJIMA ENTRY MONTH: 199312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/93/31555 828 TITLE: Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium(IV) and Vanadium(V) in Each Other's Presence. Review AUTHORS: Taylor MJC van Staden JF SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 119, No. 6, pages 1263-1276, 233 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The spectrophotometric determinations of vanadium (7440622) (V) species in the presence of each other were reviewed. Aspects dealt with included biological effects, polymeric V species, types of reactions (redox reactions, complex formations), reagents of V(V) and V(IV), catalytic and kinetic reactions, and enzymatic reactions. Separation methods discussed included high performance liquid chromatography, ion exchange separations, solvent extraction separations, flotation and preconcentration methods, and precipitation methods. The most useful method involving complex formation in aqueous solution appeared to be with the chromogenic agent 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol, and cyclohexyldiaminotetraacetic-acid as masking agent. This permitted the selective determination of V(V) in the presence of tenfold amounts of V(IV). The extraction/spectrophotometric method based on the ternary complex formed between V(V), pyrocatechol, and hydroxydiphenylbenzamide appeared to be one of the most selective and sensitive methods for V(V) determination. Another method that involved the reduction to the V(III) oxidation state followed by extraction into chloroform as the V(III)/picolinate complex was simple, rapid, and

permitted determination of V(V) at levels of 1 to 50 milligrams per deciliter in the presence of iron, molybdenum, chromium, and tungsten. The redox reaction with copper(II) and neocuprin was recommended for determination of V(IV) in the presence of large excesses of V(V). KEYWORDS: DCN-222304 Analytical methods Air contamination Trace metals Environmental pollution Metal compounds Absorption spectrophotometry Pollutants CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-62-2 CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00222603 829 TITLE: CROSS REACTIONS TO LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT COMPOUNDS 2 AUTHORS: RUDZKI E SOURCE: IMMUNOL POL; 4 (3). 1979. 177-188. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ALLERGENS CHROMIUM HEAVY METALS AROMATIC AMINES EPOXY RESINS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 6283-63-2 1934-21-0 1675-54-3 730-40-5 122-60-1 108-45-2 106-89-8 106-50-3 104-55-2

104-54-1 101-87-1 101-72-4 95-80-7 95-54-5 92-87-5 83-63-6 80-05-7 78-83-1 75-56-9 75-21-8 62-53-3 59-46-1 56-53-1 LANGUAGE: pol CODEN: IMPOD ENTRY MONTH: 198007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/07855 830 TITLE: Nonuniform Air Flow in Inlets: The Effect on Filter Deposits in the Fiber Sampling Cassette AUTHORS: Baron PA Chen C-C Hemenway DR O'Shaughnessy P SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 55, No. 8, pages 722-732, 31 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: Nonuniform airflow in inlets and its effect on filter deposits in the fiber sampling cassette were investigated. Proper sampling of aerosols demanded that the aerosol enter the sampler and be deposited on the filter without loss or modification. Air flow patterns around a sampler were critical. Three experimental systems were used to observe air flow patterns. The first system consisted of an open faced 25 millimeter (mm) cassette sampler with a 50mm long plastic cowl that served as a special inlet. The second system consisted of a vertical chamber, 1.8 meters long, 24 centimeters in diameter, with particle deposition on a 25mm sampler filter, and aerosol generated using a vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator (VOMAG). All samples were taken using an asbestos filter sampler with a conductive cowl, and a 25mm, 0.8 micrometer pore size cellulose ester filter. In the third system a tungsten-carbide aerosol was generated, and the aerosol was sampled using the 25mm cassette with conductive cowl at several angles to the air flow in the chamber.

Air flow rates were about 1 liter per minute. Results showed that vortices created a complex nonuniform pattern on the filter deposit, especially when particle settling or electrostatic interactions between sampler and particles were present. Other factors causing nonuniformity of particle deposit such as inertial effects could be counteracted by changes in samples placement. The authors conclude that the variations noted may explain some reports of high variability on asbestos (1332214) fiber samples. Although only compact particles were used in the study, the air flow patterns and forces will probably apply to other fibers of similar aerodynamic diameter. KEYWORDS: DCN-222582 NIOSH Author Aerosol particles Aerosol sampling Air monitoring Airborne particles Asbestos fibers Environmental pollution Filter membranes Occupational exposure Particle aerodynamics CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 1332-21-4 CODEN: AIHAAP ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00222911 831 TITLE: Muskrat populations in Virginia's Elizabeth River: Physiological condition and accumulation of environmental contaminants. AUTHORS: HALBROOK RS KIRKPATRICK RL SCANLON PF VAUGHAN MR VEIT HP AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cooperative Wildlife Res. Lab., Southern Ill. Univ. Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA. SOURCE: ARCH ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL; 25 (4). 1993. 438-445. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This study evaluated the physiological condition and environmental contaminant concentrations in muskrats

inhabiting the contaminated lower region of the Elizabeth River, Virginia, (USA). Muskrats trapped in the lower region of the Elizabeth River weighed less, had lower mean fat indexes, lower relative spleen weights, greater relative adrenal weights, and an increased incidence of disease and parasitism compared to muskrats trapped in the less contaminated upper region of the Elizabeth River or Nansemond River. Concentrations of the metals aluminum, cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc and the number of polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds were greater in lower Elizabeth River muskrats compared to upper region Elizabeth River or Nansemond River muskrats. These physiological data indicated that muskrats in the lower region of the Elizabeth River were in poor health relative to muskrats from the other regions studied. However, no significant difference in fecundity or density MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER ANIMALS, WILD CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY MINERALS PHYSIOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/METABOLISM BONE AND BONES/PHYSIOLOGY BONE AND BONES/METABOLISM CONNECTIVE TISSUE/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE/METABOLISM FASCIA/PHYSIOLOGY FASCIA/METABOLISM JOINTS/PHYSIOLOGY JOINTS/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MICROTINAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Physiology Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Cricetidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 63231-51-6 63231-51-6 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6

7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1336-36-3 218-01-9 129-00-0 120-12-7 91-20-3 86-73-7 85-01-8 72-55-9 60-57-1 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AECTC ENTRY MONTH: 199401 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/36047 832 TITLE: Recycling of spent hydroprocessing catalysts: EURECAT technology. AUTHORS: BERREBI G DUFRESNE P JACQUIER Y AUTHOR ADDRESS:

EURECAT-European Reprocessing Catalysts, Quai Jean Jaures, 07800 La Voulte sur Rhone, FRA. SOURCE: RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING; 10 (1-2). 1994. 1-9. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Disposal of spent catalyst is a growing concern for all refiners. Environmental regulations are becoming stricter and stricter and there are State recommendations to develop disposal routes which would emphasize recycling as much as possible, and processing the wastes as near as possible to the production center. In this context, EURECAT has developed a recycling process for the hydroprocessing catalysts used in the oil refineries (NiMo, CoMo, NiW on alumina or mixed alumina silica). The process starts with a regeneration of the catalyst to eliminate hydrocarbons, carbon and sulfur. After a caustic roasting, the material is leached to obtain a solution containing mainly molybdenum (or tungsten) and vanadium, and a solid containing essentially alumina, cobalt and/or nickel. Molybdenum and vanadium are separated by an ion exchange resin technique. The solid is processed in an arc furnace to separate the alumina. Nickel and cobalt are separated by conventional solvent extr MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS SANITATION SEWAGE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions General Biology-Conservation Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7631-86-9 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-28-1

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: RCREE ENTRY MONTH: 199409 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/22435 833 TITLE: Valuable metals recovery from spent catalysts by selective chlorination. AUTHORS: GABALLAH I DJONA M MUGICA JC SOLOZOBAL R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Mineral Processing Environmental Eng. Team, LEM, CNRS UA 235, INPL, BP 40, 54501 Vandoeuvre, FRA. SOURCE: RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING; 10 (1-2). 1994. 87-96. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The food, chemical, petroleum, petrochemical and other industries generate thousands of tons per year of spent catalysts containing up to 35% valuable metals such as Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mo, Ti, V, W. The recycling of these materials will lead to provision of significant quantities which are currently imported from outside the EC countries and could contribute to the improvement of the environment. Selective chlorination of these spent catalysts with different chlorinating gas mixtures between 300 and 600C is investigated for the recovery of their valuable elements. Depending on the experimental conditions, it is possible to recover up to 98% of the Ni and Co, as chlorides from the chlorination residue and about 98% of the Mo, Ti & W and 80% of vanadium compounds in the condensates. The catalyst support chlorination could be limited to less than 5%. Besides the reaction temperature and time, the oxygen partial pressure in the chlorinating gas mixture is a key factor for the MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE PRESSURE HEAT HEATING SANITATION SEWAGE

KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals External Effects-Pressure External Effects-Temperature as a Primary Variable-Hot (1971- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: RCREE ENTRY MONTH: 199409 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/22437 834 TITLE: Mineralization of cyclic organic water contaminants by the Photo-Fenton reaction - influence of structure and substituents. AUTHORS: RUPPERT G BAUER R HEISLER G NOVALIC S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Physical Chem., Technical Univ. Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AUS. SOURCE: CHEMOSPHERE; 27 (8). 1993. 1339-1347. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Photochemical degradation of different aromatic and saturated cyclic organic substances (each containing six carbon atoms per molecule) in aqueous solution by the Photo-Fenton reaction has been studied by monitoring TOC (Total Organic Carbon), UV-absorbance at 254 nm and consumption of H2O2. Mineralization of phenol, hydroquinone, 4-chlorophenol and 4-chloroaniline reached between 92% and 98% after 5 hours of illumination with a 250 W tungsten lamp.

TOC-reduction of 3-nitroaniline and 4-nitroaniline was 76% and 74%, respectively. Cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone showed only a very slight removal of TOC after this time. UV-absorbance (254 nm) of solutions containing aromatic substrates decreased very rapidly at the beginning of the reaction suggesting a partial destruction of the aromatic structure. Reasons especially for the selectivity of TOC-degradation are discussed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General External Effects-Light and Darkness Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 123-31-9 123-31-9 108-95-2 108-94-1 108-93-0 106-48-9 106-47-8 99-09-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CMSHA ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/01683 835 TITLE: TRACE AND RARE EARTH ELEMENT CONTENT OF WHITE CLAY SOILS OF THE THREE RIVER PLAIN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE P.R. CHINA AUTHORS: XING B DUDAS MJ SOURCE: GEODERMA; 58 (3-4). 1993. 181-199.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE PEDOGENIC REDISTRIBUTION PEDOGENESIS PARTITIONING SOIL PROFILE WEATHERING PRECIPITATION IRON-MANGANESE NODULES 30 ELEMENTS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS MOVEMENT CLASSIFICATION SOIL SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Movement (1971- ) Soil Science-Genesis Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 8047-76-5 8047-76-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: GEDMA

ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/02135 836 TITLE: ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF PEATS ASHED AT LOW TEMPERATURES 95 DEGREE C FROM THE FRASER DELTA BRITISH COLUMBIA CANADA AUTHORS: GOODARZI F LABONTE M BUSTIN MR SOURCE: ENERGY SOURCES; 15 (4). 1993. 671-693. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION WATER SALINITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOLOGY/METHODS ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS HEAT HEATING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Methods Methods Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals External Effects-Temperature as a Primary Variable-Hot (1971- ) Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 16887-00-6 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EGYSA ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/02383 837 TITLE: PROBLEMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONNECTED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF

NONFERROUS METALLURGY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION RUSSIAN-SFSR USSR AUTHORS: GAIDASH AA D'YACHENKO L YA KOSTYUK YU N MERINOV YU N SOURCE: REPORTS OF THE 2ND REGIONAL STUDENT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF NORTH CAUCASUS UNIVERSITIES, RUSSIAN SFSR, USSR. IZV SEV-KAVK NAUCHN TSENTRA VYSSH SHK ESTESTV NAUKI; 7 (1). 1979. 100. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT HUMAN ORGANISM LEAD ZINC TUNGSTEN MOLYBDENUM COPPER MERCURY AIR WATER LAND CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: ISTVA ENTRY MONTH: 198007 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/80/09254 838 TITLE: SOLUBILITIES OF ELEMENTS ON IN-STACK SUSPENDED PARTICLES FROM A MUNICIPAL INCINERATOR AUTHORS: GERMANI MS ZOLLER WH SOURCE: ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT; 28 (8). 1994. 1393-1400. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPPER CESIUM COBALT COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE SODIUM CHLORINE BROMINE ZINC ARSENIC SILVER CADMIUM INDIUM TIN ANTIMONY TUNGSTEN LEAD POTASSIUM GOLD ALUMINUM SCANDIUM LANTHANUM VANADIUM IRON MANGANESE SELENIUM

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE

ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS/ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-74-6 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AENVE ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/26700 839 TITLE: The use of sediment cores to reconstruct historical trends in contamination of estuarine and coastal sediments. AUTHORS:

VALETTE-SILVER NJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Natl. Oceanic and Atmos. Adm., Natl. Status and Trends Program, N 21, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. SOURCE: ESTUARIES; 16 (3 PART B). 1993. 577-588. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Most studies using sediment cores to reconstruct the contamination history of coastal and estuarine areas around the world have dealt with trace metals, and only a few have focused on organic contaminants. Almost without exception, the studies published up to 1990 have shown that sediment contamination increased in the late 1800s, accelerated in the 1940s, and reached a plateau or a maximum in the 1960-1970s. For some pollutants, such as Pb, a decrease in concentration occurred in the 1980s, following the implementation of new discharge and emission regulations. Little is known, however, about concentration trends from the mid-1980s to present and about the effect of legislation recently passed to protect the environment. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION CLASSIFICATION SOIL KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions General Biology-Conservation Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Genesis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 17778-88-0 17778-88-0 15117-48-3 14274-82-9 14255-04-0 10045-97-3 7723-14-0 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3

7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 2385-85-5 1336-36-3 117-81-7 58-89-9 57-74-9 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTUD ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/06450 840 TITLE: Systematic Study of Chromium Determination in Urine by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AUTHORS: Rubio R Sahuquillo A Rauret G Garcia Beltran L Quevauviller Ph SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 283, No. 1, pages 207-212, 15 references, 1993 ABSTRACT: An attempt was made to optimize the measurement of chromium (7440473) (Cr) in urine by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The temperatures and times for the graphite furnace program were optimized. Urine samples were collected from healthy subjects and patients on total parenteral nutrition. Sample dilution was necessary to achieve satisfactory reproducibility in the injection step. Microwave digestion did not decrease the relative standard deviation for the injection. The direct calibration and the standard addition methods did not give significantly different results, so direct calibration with Cr(VI) in 2% nitric-acid could be used. The use of the Varian SpectrAA-30 atomic absorption spectrometer instrument with Zeeman effect background correction and the hot injection mode gave a good detection limit, slightly lower than those reported elsewhere, and also good within day and

long term precision. A Perkin-Elmer atomic absorption spectrometer with a tungsten lamp for background correction was only applicable when the concentration was high, that is at toxic levels of chromium in urine. A urine standard reference material at normal levels would be needed for the best validation of the method. KEYWORDS: DCN-223027 Biological monitoring Urinalysis Chromium compounds Heavy metal poisoning Body burden Analytical methods Chemical analysis Analytical chemistry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00223469 841 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF TRACE METALS IN RIVER WATER AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS BY TXRF SPECTROMETRY A METHODICAL STUDY ON ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE AND SAMPLE HOMOGENEITY AUTHORS: REUS U MARKERT B HOFFMEISTER C SPOTT D GUHR H SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 347 (10-11). 1993. 430-435. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE TOTAL REFLECTION X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION

KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/07801 842 TITLE:

Distribution of copper smelter emissions in southeastern Arizona: Using honey mesquite as a bioindicator. AUTHORS: GABRIEL IE PATTEN T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cent. Environ. Stud., Ariz. State Univ., Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. SOURCE: WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION; 72 (1-4). 1994. 67-87. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Honey mesquite (Prosopis juliflora), a representative species of the Sonoran Desert ecosystem, was studied as a possible bioindicator for industrial smelter pollution. Samples from soils, leaves and bark were collected along distance and elevation gradients from the largest operating copper smelter in Arizona and analyzed for element concentrations of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ti, Mn, Al, Mg, Cs, Sm, Ce, U, Th, Yb, As, La, Hf, Sb, Sc, V, In, W, Ba, Br, K, Na, Cl and Au. Depending on the sample type - soil, leaf or bark - between 5 and 15 elements were identified as smelter immissions. Two distinct covariate element groups formed in samples from the study site could be related to the chemistry of different smelting processes. A common atmospheric transport pattern was found to exist for the smelter emittants Cu, Sb and As over long distances. The identification and specification of smelter immissions in honey mesquite makes this tree a well-suited bioindicator for industrial smelter p MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION LEGUMES KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Leguminosae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7440-74-6 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2

7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-09-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAPLA ENTRY MONTH: 199405 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/09937 843 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENT REFERENCE VALUES IN TISSUES FROM INHABITANTS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY IV. INFLUENCE OF DIETARY FACTORS AUTHORS: MINOIA C SABBIONI E RONCHI A GATTI A PIETRA R NICOLOTTI A FORTANER S BALDUCCI C FONTE A ROGGI C SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 141 (0). 1994. 181-195. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN BORON ALUMINUM MANGANESE RUBIDIUM STRONTIUM COPPER SILVER BARIUM COBALT NICKEL ANTIMONY SCANDIUM THORIUM URANIUM VANADIUM TUNGSTEN THALLIUM LITHIUM BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIET SURVEYS DIET FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Nutrition-General Dietary Studies Food Technology-General Toxicology-Foods Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-62-2 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199406 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/13992 844 TITLE: INORGANIC ELEMENTS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

AUTHORS: BIRCH NJ SADLER PJ SOURCE: HILL, H. A. SPECIALIST PERIODICAL REPORTS: INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY, VOL. 1. A REVIEW OF THE RECENT LITERATURE PUBLISHED UP TO LATE 1977. XVI+442P. THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY: LONDON, ENGLAND. ILLUS. ISBN 0-85186-570-4.; 0 (0). 1979. P356-420. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. REVIEW FLUORINE SILICON IODINE SELENIUM CALCIUM CADMIUM MAGNESIUM ARSENIC ZINC LEAD COPPER LITHIUM CHROMIUM ALUMINUM MOLYBDENUM PLATINUM TUNGSTEN GOLD NICKEL TOXICITY MUTAGENICITY NUTRITION METABOLISM PHARMACOLOGY CHEMO THERAPY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-21-3 7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: IBIOD ENTRY MONTH: 198101 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/01919 845 TITLE: SOIL TOXICOLOGY AUTHORS: DONNELLY KC ANDERSON CS BARBEE GC

MANEK DJ SOURCE: COCKERHAM, L. G. AND B. S. SHANE (ED.). BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. XI+627P. CRC PRESS, INC.: BOCA RATON, FLORIDA, USA; LONDON, ENGLAND, UK. ISBN 0-8493-8851-1.; 0 (0). 1994. 321-352. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER PLANT UPTAKE METALS ORGANIC CHEMICALS HALIDES MUTAGENIC CHEMICALS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/GENETICS ECOLOGY PLANTS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION METHODS PLANTS SOIL PLANTS KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-General Plantae-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 20461-54-5 17778-88-0 16984-48-8 16887-00-6 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3

7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-18-8 7440-14-4 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 1336-36-3 156-60-5 127-18-4 108-95-2 108-90-7 108-88-3 108-38-3 107-06-2 106-42-3 100-41-4 95-47-6 79-01-6 75-34-3 75-09-2 75-01-4 71-55-6 71-43-2 67-66-3 56-23-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 47903 ENTRY MONTH: 199406 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/14117 846 TITLE: A study on cellular reactions and fibrogenic effects of mineral dusts. AUTHORS: WANG F-S LIU L-F CHEN N-M LI Y-R

AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Occupational Med., Chinese Acad. Preventive Med., Beijing 100050, CHN. SOURCE: BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 7 (2). 1994. 116-121. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In vivo cytotoxicity including cellular metabolic activity, lysozyme content and total protein content in rat bronchoalveolar lavage, capacity of interleukin-1 released from rat pulmonary cells and fibrogenic effects evaluated from rat lung dry weight, collagen content of the whole lung and pathological grading induced by mineral dust were assayed. The results showed that: (1) The relationship among in vivo cytotoxicity, interleukin-1 release, fibrogenic effects on the lung induced by mineral dusts correlated well with the free SiO2 content in mineral dusts in most (but not all) cases; (2) The biological harmful effects of mixed dusts were not simply the additive effect of single dust. In the group of WO3-SiO2 mixture, the fibrogenicity was mainly due to SiO2, tungsten trioxide (WO,) showed neither fibrogenic effect, nor significant potentiality to enhance SiO2 fibrogenicity, while in the group of SnO2-SiO2, SnO2 was suppressive to the effect of SiO2, although the conte MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY ENDOCRINE GLANDS ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Physiological Studies Endocrine System-General Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18282-10-5 18282-10-5 7631-86-9 1314-35-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BESCE ENTRY MONTH: 199411 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/28757 847 TITLE: Detection of p53 and Histopathological Classification of Skin Tumours Induced by Halogen Lamps in Hairless Mice AUTHORS: D'Agostini F Fiallo P Di Marco C De Flora S SOURCE: Cancer Letters, Vol. 86, No. 2, pages 167-175, 21 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: A histopathological analysis of the skin tumors elicited in female SKH-1-mice, MF-1-mice and C3H-mice by exposure to uncovered halogen lamps was conducted to determine the nature of such tumors and the presence or absence of p53 protein. Skin tumors were produced by exposure of the mice to 12 hours/day of light generated by tungsten halogen quartz lamps producing a luminance of 10,000 lux. Mice were exposed for up to 36 to 58 weeks, depending on the strain. All mice developed multiples tumors; of the 597 skin lesions, 170 were removed for analysis. Tumor classification was made on the basis of morphological appearance and cytological staining. Immunohistochemical analysis for p53 protein was conducted via sample formalin fixing, paraffin embedding and staining with a streptavidin biotin kit. Epidermal hyperplasia and actinic keratosis/carcinoma were the tumors produced most frequently, with squamocellular carcinoma, appendage tumors, basal tumors, papilloma and keratoacanthoma like tumors also appearing. p53 protein was found in slightly over 7% of the skin samples analyzed, in each case originated in squamocellular carcinomas, and was related to tumor size. The authors conclude that p53 mutation may be a late event in the development of skin tumors in hairless mice exposed to light from halogen lamps, associated with advanced neoplastic mass growth. KEYWORDS:

DCN-223634 Laboratory animals Ultraviolet radiation Skin cancer Histochemical analysis Tumorigenesis Nonionizing radiation Chronic exposure Genetic factors CODEN: CALEDQ ENTRY MONTH: 199511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00223946 848 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF CADMIUM BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY USING PALLADIUM AND TARTARIC ACID AS A MIXED CHEMICAL MODIFIER AND A TUNGSTEN-FOIL PLATFORM WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF STANDARDLESS ANALYSIS AUTHORS: MA Y LI Z WANG X WANG J LI Y SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 9 (6). 1994. 679-683. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology

Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199411 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/29928 849 TITLE: DIAGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF IN VIVO NATURAL LEUKOCYTE EMIGRATION TEST IN A PATIENT WITH OCCUPATIONAL BRONCHIAL ASTHMA CASE DESCRIPTION AUTHORS: STASENKOVA T YU SOURCE: MEDITSINA TRUDA I PROMYSHLENNAYA EKOLOGIYA; 0 (1). 1993. 43-45. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM JOURNAL ARTICLE CASE STUDY HUMAN SILICON-CONTAINING DUST IRON PHOSPHORUS MANGANESE TUNGSTEN MOLYBDENUM NICKEL OXIDES ALLERGY OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES HYPERSENSITIVITY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE

KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Blood Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Allergy Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7440-33-7 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: MTPEE ENTRY MONTH: 199407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/17152 850 TITLE: High levels of multiple metal resistance and its correlation to antibiotic resistance in environmental isolates of Acinetobacter. AUTHORS: DHAKEPHALKAR PK CHOPADE BA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Microbiol., Univ. Poona, Pune 411 007, IND. SOURCE: BIOMETALS; 7 (1). 1994. 67-74. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Forty strains of Acinetobacter were isolated from different environmental sources. AR the strains were classified into four genospecies, i.e. A. baumannii (33 isolates), A. calcoaceticus (three isolates), A. junii (three isolates) and A. genospecies3 (one isolate). Susceptibility of these 40 strains to salts of 20 heavy metals and 18 antibiotics was tested by the agar dilution method. All environmental isolates of Acinetobacter were resistant to multiple metal ions (minimum

13 metal ions) while all but one of the strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics (minimum four antibiotics). The maximum number of strains were found to be sensitive to mercury (60% strains) while all strains were resistant to copper, lead, boron and tungsten even at 10 mm concentration. Salts of these four metal ions may be added to the growth medium to facilitate selective isolation of Acinetobacter. Rifampicin and nalidixic acid were the most toxic antibiotics, inhibiting 94.5 and 89.5% of t MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS PHARMACOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANTIBIOTICS BACTERIAL INFECTIONS/DRUG THERAPY NEISSERIACEAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pharmacology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Chemotherapy-Antibacterial Agents Neisseriaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-54-4 22541-54-4 7782-49-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BOMEE ENTRY MONTH: 199408

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/18956 851 TITLE: AGROSTIS CASTELLANA AND AGROSTIS DELICATULA ON HEAVY METAL AND ARSENIC ENRICHED SITES IN NE PORTUGAL AUTHORS: DE KOE T SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 145 (1-2). 1994. 103-109. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE AGROSTIS-CASTELLANA AGROSTIS-DELICATULA COPPER TUNGSTEN COPPER CADMIUM LEAD POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION GRASSES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Gramineae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-50-8 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199408 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/20381 852

TITLE: Production of hydroxyl free radical by exposure of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to visible light in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. AUTHORS: MIKUNI T TATSUTA M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Gastrointestinal Oncol., Center Adult Diseases, Osaka 3-3 Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537, JAP. SOURCE: RADIATION RESEARCH; 138 (3). 1994. 320-325. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The production of hydroxyl free radical (.OH) by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in the absence of H2O2 was investigated by electron spin resonance with the use of the spintrapping agent 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO). .OH was detected as well as a nitrogen-centered free radical (.NR) on exposure of 1.25 mM MNNG solution (pH 6.0) containing 25 mM DMPO to visible light from a tungsten-halogen lamp at an intensity of 6.68 mW/cm2. Production of .OH depended on the concentration of MNNG and on the intensity of light exposure, indicating that 'OH production resulted from the photolysis of MNNG solution. Manganese-superoxide dismutase and catalase did not inhibit the production of .OH, excluding the possibility that 'OH might be produced from O2- or H2O2. When the concentration of DMPO was increased from 25 mM to 125 mM, the yield of .OH decreased significantly while that of .NR increased over twice that at 25 mM. When the concentration of DMPO was furth MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY NEOPLASMS/METABOLISM CARCINOGENS IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques

Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules External Effects-Light and Darkness Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Biochemistry Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis In Vitro Studies CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 3352-57-6 3352-57-6 70-25-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: RAREA ENTRY MONTH: 199409 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/21559 853 TITLE: THE GEOBIOCHEMISTRY OF COBALT AUTHORS: HAMILTON EI SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 150 (1-3). 1994. 7-39. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LITERATURE REVIEW PLANT ANIMAL HUMAN RADIOACTIVE FORMS BIOAVAILABILITY BIOACCUMULATION HARD METAL DISEASE AIR POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTION EMISSIONS TOXICITY OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION

SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL SOIL PLANTS ANIMALS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-Foods Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Plant Physiology Plant Physiology Agronomy-General Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Plantae-Unspecified Animalia-Unspecified Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 61789-51-3 61789-51-3 10198-40-0 7646-79-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1317-42-6 1308-04-9 1307-96-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND

ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/32750 854 TITLE: Ocular Exposure to Optical Radiation from Light Sources AUTHORS: Hietanen M von Nandelstadh P SOURCE: New Epidemics in Occupational Health, Proceedings of the International Symposium on New Epidemics in Occupational Health, May 16-19, 1994, Helsinki, Finland, J. Rantanen, S. Lehtinen, R. Kalimo, H. Nordman, H. Vainio, -=and E. Viikari-Ju, 1994 ABSTRACT: Spectroradiometric methods and biological weighting functions were used to estimate ocular exposure to ultraviolet light (UV) and short wave visible radiation (blue light) in a present study. Low power tungsten halogen spotlights, fluorescent tubes used for photo stimulation, and photofloods used in television studios and theaters were examined in the study. Spectral irradiance and radiance of UV and visible radiation (250 to 800 nanometers) were determined by a portable spectroradiometer, and safe ocular exposure times were evaluated through the use of threshold limit values set by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists for occupational exposure to UV radiation and blue light. The biologically weighted irradiance and radiance of the lamps studied were highest for photofloods used in TV studios. The unweighted UV-A irradiance varied from 1 to 38 watts per square meter. High values were found for metal halide lamps emitting strongly in the UV region. Since theater lighting systems were discovered to be equipped with relatively low power halogen lamps, the emitted UV radiation was considered insignificant at actual exposure distances. Depending on the type of photoflood, the recommended safe daily exposure times varied from a few minutes to several hours. The safe exposure times calculated for three fluorescent phototherapy tubes were over 6 hours per day for all cases. Of the groups potentially exposed to optical radiation, maintenance personnel working close to light sources for long periods of time were subjected to the highest amount of ocular exposure. Using effective eye protectors filtering totally UV radiation and attenuating blue light is recommended by the author in such situations. KEYWORDS: DCN-225713 Ultraviolet radiation Eye protection Light emission Eye damage Lighting Threshold limit values Occupational exposure

Lighting systems Nonionizing radiation ENTRY MONTH: 199511 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00224516 855 TITLE: PSEUDOMONAS MARGINALIS ITS DEGRADATIVE CAPABILITY ON ORGANIC NITRILES AND AMIDES AUTHORS: BABU G RV WILLIAMS RR WOLFRAM JH CHAPATWALA KD SOURCE: 94TH GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, USA, MAY 23-27, 1994. ABSTRACTS OF THE GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY; 94 (0). 1994. 466. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEETING ABSTRACT PSEUDOMONAS-MARGINALIS ACETONITRILE AMMONIA ACETATE ORGANIC AMIDES BIODEGRADATION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-General Metabolism Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- )

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-41-7 7664-41-7 75-05-8 71-50-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AGMME ENTRY MONTH: 199409 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/24185 856 TITLE: Occupational Diseases Of The Skin Produced By Cobalt Compounds AUTHORS: Raben AS Kuznetsov AA SOURCE: Referativnyi Zhurnal, Farmakologiya, Khimioterapeuticheskie Sredstva, Toksikologiya, pages 290-300, 32 references, 19661966 ABSTRACT: Occupational diseases of the skin caused by contact with cobalt (7440484) are reviewed. Historically, the study of cobalt allergy has focused on cross sensitivity to nickel (7440020) and chromium (7440473). Simultaneous genuine sensitivity to chromium and cobalt does exist and is particularly evident among concrete and cement workers suffering from eczema. Occupational contact with cobalt is possible during mining and purification of cobalt ore and for workers in tungsten, carbide, electrical, and glass factories as well as for users of pigments and paints. Occupational dermatoses caused by cobalt are particularly frequent in the ceramics industry. The mechanism involved in cobalt induced skin disease has been studied by paper electrophoresis and other techniques but remains poorly understood. It has not been established that a skin test using a 10 percent cobalt solution is an absolute indicator of sensitivity to cobalt. Sensitization to cobalt seems to be seldom acquired under other than occupational conditions. The authors conclude that cobalt, although it is the cause of much occupational eczema and dermatitis, is a less active sensitizer than chromium or nickel. Both cross sensitization and genuine simultaneous sensitization can be reflected in sensitivity to cobalt and chromium or to cobalt and nickel. (Russian) KEYWORDS: DCN-124124 TRANS Clinical symptoms Physiological response Biological effects

Clinical diagnosis Allergic reactions Dermatology Biological factors Disease incidence Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-47-3 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1966 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136153 857 TITLE: ATMOSPHERIC FINGERPRINTS OF EAST ASIA 1986-1991 AN URGENT RECORD OF AEROSOL ANALYSIS BY THE JACK NETWORK AUTHORS: HASHIMOTO Y SEKINE Y KIM HK CHEN ZL YANG ZM SOURCE: ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT; 28 (8). 1994. 1437-1445. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE AIR QUALITY POLLUTION PATTERNS SOIL DUST COAL COMBUSTION ANTIMONY TUNGSTEN JAPAN-CHINA-KOREA NETWORK MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-36-0 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AENVE ENTRY MONTH: 199410 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/26704 858 TITLE: Biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt metal, salt, oxides, and hard metal dust. AUTHORS: LISON D BUCHET J-P SWENNEN B MOLDERS J LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Clos Chapelle Aux Champs 30.54, 1200 Brussels, BEL. SOURCE: OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE; 51 (7). 1994. 447-450. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Objective-The aim was to examine the relation between environmental and biological (blood and urine) indices of exposure to different chemical forms of cobalt. Methods-A cross sectional study was undertaken in workers exposed to cobalt metal, oxides, and salts in a refinery and to a mixture of cobalt and tungsten carbide in a hard metal producing plant. Results and conclusion-Although biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt oxides showed higher blood and urine concentrations than in nonexposed subjects, these indices poorly reflected the recent exposure level. By contrast, when exposure was to soluble cobalt compounds (metal, salts, and hard metals), the measurement of urine or blood cobalt at the end of the workweek could be recommended for the assessment of recent exposure. An eight hour exposure to 20 or 50 mug/m3 of a soluble form of cobalt would lead to an average concentration in a postshift urine sample collected at the end of the workweek of 18.2 or 3 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY

CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Metabolism-Proteins Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: OEMEE ENTRY MONTH: 199411 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/28585 859 TITLE: Reducing Carcinogenicity of High Boiling Petroleum Products AUTHORS:

Eby LT Rehner J Jr Kuschner M Smith WE SOURCE: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 46, No. 10, pages 2209-2213, 16 references, 19541954 ABSTRACT: Five methods for the reduction of the carcinogenicity of certain high boiling petroleum products were developed and tested. By oxidation, a greater than 700 degrees-F fraction of heavy catalytic oil was blown with air for 7.5 hours at 200 degrees-C. Animals tests showed that tumor potency was reduced from 61 to 31 by this treatment. By ozonation, a tar from steam cracking was treated at room temperature for 13.6 hours and 68 hours with ozonized oxygen containing 0.049 gram of ozone per liter. The potency of the tar was reduced from 91 to 79 and to 51 with 1 percent and 5 percent ozone weight absorbed, respectively. A heavy catalytic oil was hydrogenated to take up about 1 mole of hydrogen per mole of oil using a commerical nickel/tungsten-sulfide catalyst at 2500 pounds per square inch for 15 hours at 250 degrees-C. The biological tumor potency of the oil was reduced from 55 to 45. When 40 percent of diisobutylene was added to a reaction mixture consisting of 8.25 percent aluminum-chloride and catalytic oil for 2.5 hours at 100 degrees-C and biologically tested, a reduction of tumor potency from 61 to 35 took place. The tumor potency of catalytic oil went from 54 to 39 when treated with 20 percent Magnesol and from 59 to 13 with 20 percent Norite-A. Adsorption studies were conducted with the greater than 700 degrees-F aromatic fraction of the catalytic oil. A 5 gram sample dissolved in n-heptane was deposited on the adsorption column containing 600 milliliters (ml) adsorbent and was eluted with 800ml portions of a series of solvents. The fractions obtained were analyzed by ultraviolet spectra. The activated carbon, Nucher-C, was exceptional in the tenacity with which it retained the polycyclic hydrocarbons above naphthalene. The authors conclude that the five methods may have some merit for the reduction of carcinogenicity of certain high boiling petroleum products. KEYWORDS: DCN-119441 Carcinogens Tumor inhibition Oxidative processes Tumorigenesis Industrial chemicals Biological effects Laboratory testing Carcinogenesis Biological factors ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1954 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00131386 860

TITLE: METAL DETERMINATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS OF DISEASED AND NON-DISEASED HARD METAL WORKERS AUTHORS: SABBIONI E MINOIA C PIETRA R MOSCONI G FORNI A SCANSETTI G SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 150 (1-3). 1994. 41-54. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN COBALT TUNGSTEN TANTALUM BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE ASTHMA LUNG FIBROSIS HARD METAL DISEASE TOXICITY HYPERSENSITIVITY DIAGNOSIS OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Pathology Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND

ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/32751 861 TITLE: BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HARD METAL DISEASE AUTHORS: FORNI A SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 150 (1-3). 1994. 69-76. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LITERATURE REVIEW HUMAN COBALT TUNGSTEN TANTALUM ALVEOLITIS ASTHMA PNEUMONITIS OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Pathology Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-25-7

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/32754 862 TITLE: HARD METAL LUNG DISORDERS ANALYSIS OF A GROUP OF EXPOSED WORKERS AUTHORS: RIVOLTA G NICOLI E FERRETTI G TOMASINI M SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 150 (1-3). 1994. 161-165. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE HYPERREACTIVITY PHYSICAL EXAMINATION DIAGNOSIS OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Allergy Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/32768 863 TITLE: EVOLUTION OF HARD METAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS IN TWO ARTISAN GRINDERS OF WOODWORKING TOOLS AUTHORS: MARIANO A SARTORELLI P INNOCENTI A SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 150 (1-3). 1994. 219-221. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN HARD METAL LUNG DISEASE INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY PROGNOSIS OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): STEROIDS STEROLS MINERALS THERAPEUTICS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY PHARMACOLOGY, CLINICAL RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/DRUG EFFECTS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Sterols and Steroids Biochemical Studies-Minerals

Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacology (1972- ) Pharmacology-Respiratory System Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-62-2 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/32776 864 TITLE: Transmission Data for Shielding Diagnostic X-Ray Facilities AUTHORS: Simpkin DJ SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 68, No. 5, pages 704-709, 18 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: Exposure transmission data for diagnostic X-ray beams through shielding materials from three published studies was consolidated, and this information was extended by extrapolation and interpolation to provide transmission in 5 kilovolt peak (kVp) increments. Data were fitted to an equation for use in calculating transmission with computers or calculators. Transmission curves for broad diagnostic X-rays in lead, concrete, gypsum wallboard, steel, plate glass, and wood were developed. Transmission was calculated for tungsten anode tubes over the 50 to 150kVp range and for molybdenum anode tubes over the 25 to 35kVp range. All measured and interpolated data were fitted using nonlinear least squares in a three parameter model. Interpolation of the fitting parameters to potentials other than the 5kVp increments provided would be possible because of the generally smooth variations in the fitting parameters. KEYWORDS: DCN-226063 Mathematical models Ionizing radiation Analytical models

Radiation Radiation Radiation Radiation CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199511

shielding protection facilities shielding materials

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00226132 865 TITLE: HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH COBALT EXPOSURE AN OVERVIEW AUTHORS: LAUWERYS R LISON D SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 150 (1-3). 1994. 1-6. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LITERATURE REVIEW HUMAN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE IRON SKIN LUNG HARD METAL DISEASE HEALTH HAZARD FOOD CONTAMINATION BEVERAGE CONTAMINATION DRINKING WATER WATER POLLUTION OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TOXICITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY SKIN DISEASES/PATHOLOGY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Integumentary System-Pathology Toxicology-Foods

Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/32796 866 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF BARIUM IN WATERS BY TUNGSTEN COIL ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY AUTHORS: SILVA MM SILVA RB KRUG FJ NOBREGA JA BERNDT H SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 9 (8). 1994. 861-865. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE ANALYTICAL METHOD POLLUTION ENVIRONMENT TOXICOLOGY DISTRIBUTION DETECTION LIMIT RELATIVE STANDARD DEVIATION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOLOGY/METHODS MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ISOTOPES RADIATION ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS

BIOPHYSICS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Methods Methods Methods Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-39-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/33220 867 TITLE: METALS AUTHORS: WALDRON HA SCOTT A SOURCE: RAFFLE, P. A. B., ET AL. (ED.). HUNTER'S DISEASES OF OCCUPATIONS, 8TH EDITION. XI+804P. EDWARD ARNOLD: LONDON, ENGLAND, UK; LITTLE, BROWN AND CO.: BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, USA. ISBN 0-340-55173-9.; 0 (0). 1994. 90-138. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER HUMAN HEAVY METALS TRACE ELEMENTS NUTRIENTS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY

COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM MINERALS NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Nutrition-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 51810-70-9 51810-70-9 24952-65-6 22541-90-8 22537-50-4 20859-73-8 20816-12-0 18282-10-5 16941-12-1 16065-83-1 16056-34-1 15064-65-0 14797-55-8 14333-13-2 14255-04-0 13530-65-9 13494-80-9 13463-39-3 13424-46-9 13283-01-7 12743-28-1 12674-31-6 12606-19-8 12604-53-4 12006-41-6 12002-03-8 11130-73-7 10290-12-7 10198-40-0 10124-44-4 10101-53-8 10060-08-9 10043-92-2 10026-13-8 10025-87-3 7803-52-3

7803-51-2 7789-06-2 7786-81-4 7784-42-1 7783-80-4 7783-09-7 7783-07-5 7782-49-2 7772-99-8 7758-97-6 7738-94-5 7723-14-0 7722-64-7 7719-12-2 7664-93-9 7664-38-2 7647-01-0 7646-85-7 7487-94-7 7446-18-6 7446-09-5 7446-08-4 7446-07-3 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-28-0 7440-22-4 7440-08-6 7440-06-4 7440-04-2 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 6838-85-3 5224-23-7 2767-55-7 1344-28-1 1333-82-0 1327-53-3 1317-36-8 1314-87-0 1314-62-1 1314-13-2 1313-27-5 1313-13-9 1308-38-9 1306-19-0

1306-04-3 1302-52-9 1002-53-5 997-50-2 892-20-6 688-73-3 683-18-1 593-80-6 593-79-3 593-57-7 587-85-9 541-25-3 136-92-5 124-58-3 78-00-2 75-74-1 75-60-5 59-52-9 56-35-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 49610 ENTRY MONTH: 199412 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/94/33346 868 TITLE: Microbial Metabolism of Nitriles and Cyanides. AUTHORS: BABU G RV CHETTY CS WOLFRAM JH CHAPATWALA KD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Nat. Sci., Selma Univ., Selma, AL 36701, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING; 29 (9). 1994. 1957-1971. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Pseudomonas putida isolated from contaminated industrial wastewaters and soil sites was able to utilize acetonitrile and sodium cyanide as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. The P. putida cells were immobilized in calcium alginate. The rate of degradation of acetonitrile (160 mM) and sodium cyanide (40 mM) by the immobilized cells of P. putida was studied by determining the products: NH3 and CO2. The product-dependent kinetics of sodium cyanide and acetonitrile indicate that the rate of degradation of these compounds is

in the first order kinetics. The present study concludes that remediation of organic nitriles and inorganic cyanides can be achieved with immobilized cells of P. putida. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 143-33-9 143-33-9 75-05-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JESED ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/01029 869 TITLE: The Interactions Of Selenium With Cadmium And Mercury AUTHORS: Magos L Webb M SOURCE: CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Vol. 8, No. 1, pages 1-42, 268 references, 19801980 ABSTRACT:

The interactions occurring between selenium (7782492), cadmium (7440439), and mercury (7439976) compounds in the human and animal organisms are reviewed. The toxicity of selenium is influenced by factors such as species, sex, age, and diet. A methionine deficiency enhances the toxic influence exerted by selenium. The addition of arsenite to rat diets counteracts the toxicity of seleniferous grain. Tungsten, germanium, and antimony are also effective antagonists of the toxicity of dietary selenium. Mercury cation administration a few hours after the intake of anionic selenite (14124675) increases selenium compound toxicity. In experimental animals, simultaneous or prior injection with selenium, usually in the form of anionic selenite, protects against many of the acute effects of cationic cadmium. The teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of cationic cadmium observed in pregnant animals appear to be the result of transport process inhibition due to cadmium uptake into the placenta. Cationic cadmium is associated with extensive testicular damage in mice. Selenite (most probably, in the form of its metabolites) protects against testicular necrosis induced by cationic cadmium. The toxicity of methylmercury (22967926), which is the only mercurial that selectively damages the human nervous system, exhibits significant species related differences, with the nervous system being the site of major injury. Selenite inhibits the neurotoxic effects of methylmercury in Japanese-quail, delaying the development of coordination disorders, and also exerts a protective influence against methylmercury intoxication in rats. Both truncal ataxia and death due to mercury poisoning are delayed in cats when selenium is introduced. The authors conclude that the lack of appropriate kinetic data does not permit the definition of the changes occurring in methylmercury kinetics as a result of selenite introduction, although it is certain that the protective effect of the latter against the former is not the result of a decrease in the methylmercury concentration in place in the nervous system. KEYWORDS: DCN-139985 Industrial engineering Health protection Trace analysis Environmental exposure Biological effects Toxic materials Tissue distribution Environmental factors CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-43-9 7439-97-6 14124-67-5 22967-92-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00154185 870

TITLE: Field desorption mass spectrometry: a new method for identification of pesticides and their metabolites. AUTHORS: Beckey HD Klein W Korte F $ Prinz Schulten HR Tomberg SOURCE: Chemosphere; 2(1): 23-30; 1973 ; (REF:11) ABSTRACT: HAPAB Field desorption mass spectrometry and its use for the identification of chlordene, kelevan, and their metabolites (1-hydroxychlordene and kelevan acid) are described. The sample to be investigated was applied on an emitter (10 mu tungsten wire) which was then placed into an ion source for desorption of the substance in a high-intensity electrical field of 1,000,000 V/cm. The ions thus released were recorded by a conventional mass spectrometer. Electron impact mass spectra were recorded at an ion source temperature of 250 DEG C, an electron energy of 70 eV, and a pressure of 1 X 10 SUP- 7 mm Hg. Comparison of electron impact spectra with field desorption spectra of chlordene, kelevan, and their metabolites revealed much higher relative intensities of molecular ion peaks in the field desorption spectra, even for highly polar decomposition products. Increased fragmentation, useful for structural analysis, can be induced thermally by increasing the emitter current. LANGUAGE: ger ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HAPAB/73/01749 871 TITLE: DISEASES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN SEALS FROM THE BALTIC AND THE SWEDISH WEST COAST AUTHORS: OLSSON M KARLSSON B AHNLAND E SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 154 (2-3). 1994. 217-227. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM JOURNAL ARTICLE HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS PHOCA-HISPIDA PHOCA-VITULINA PHOCINE DISTEMPER VIRUS DDE POLYCHLORINATED

BIPHENYLS ORGANOHALOGEN METHYLSULFONE TOXAPHENE CHLORDANE POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER METALS POLLUTION SKULL BONE LESION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS CHORDATA HEAD ANIMAL ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES VIRUSES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PARAMYXOVIRIDAE PINNIPEDIA KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Chordate Body Regions-Head (1970- ) Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Medical and Clinical Microbiology-Virology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Paramyxoviridae (1993- ) Phocidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 37680-73-2 37680-73-2 35693-99-3 35065-29-3 35065-28-2 35065-27-1 31508-00-6 8001-35-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-96-5

7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 7012-37-5 50-29-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199502 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/02121 872 TITLE: THE CLAYEY FISSURAL FILLINGS ASSOCIATED WITH N100 DEGREES-110 DEGREES E FRACTURES AT THE EL BERROCAL URANIUM MINE SIERRA DE GREDOS SPAIN CHARACTERIZATION GENESIS AND RETENTION CAPACITY OF RADIOACTIVE AND OTHER ELEMENTS AUTHORS: PEREZ DEL VILLAR L DE LA CRUZ B COZAR JS PARDILLO J GOMEZ P TURRERO MJ RIVAS P REYES E DELGADO A CABALLERO E SOURCE: ESTUDIOS GEOLOGICOS (MADRID); 49 (3-4). 1993. 199-222. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE MODELLING WEATHERING PROCESS URANIUM ORE DEPOSIT SPAIN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS CYBERNETICS RADIATION DOSAGE SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals

Biophysics-Biocybernetics (1972- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 13827-32-2 13463-67-7 12136-45-7 7631-86-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-93-2 7439-91-0 1345-25-1 1344-43-0 1344-28-1 1314-56-3 1313-59-3 1309-48-4 1309-37-1 1305-78-8 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EGLMA ENTRY MONTH: 199503 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/05155 873 TITLE: Wide-spaced sampling of overbank sediment, till, humus and river water in Fennoscandia: Applicability for global geochemical mapping and environmental assessment.

AUTHORS: EDEN P SOURCE: ACTA ACADEMIAE ABOENSIS SER B MATHEMATICA ET PHYSICA MATEMATIK NATURVETENSKAPER TEKNIK; 54 (3). 1994. 1-49. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Overbank sediment, till (C-horizon), humus (A-horizon) and river water were sampled from 49 large river basins (500-7000 km2) in Fennoscandia as a pilot survey for IGCP Project 259, International Geochemical mapping, which worked out procedures for global geochemical mapping increasingly driven by environmental questions. The main objective of the present survey was to determine the effectiveness in geochemical mapping of extremely wide-spaced sampling (1 site/23 000 km2) of different media in glaciated areas. River water and overbank sediment were sampled at the downstream arid of each basin, while till and humus were sampled at 6-20 random sites within each basin. The 62 mum fraction of the sediment and the till samples was analysed by ICP-ES for 30 elements (Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sr, Th, Tl, U, V, W and Zn) after a partial leach in Aqua Regia, and for 35 elements (those listed with the exception of B MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL FERTILIZERS SOIL KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Soil Science-Fertility and Applied Studies (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8

7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AAAMA ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/06292 874 TITLE: Physicochemical Mechanism of the Interaction between Cobalt Metal and Carbide Particles to Generate Toxic Activated Oxygen Species AUTHORS: Lison D Carbonnelle P Mollo L Lauwerys R Fubini B SOURCE: Chemical Research in Toxicology, Vol. 8, No. 4, pages 600-606, 34 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: The mechanism of the generation of activated oxygen species (AOS) by cobalt (7440484) (Co) and tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC) mixtures was investigated. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were incubated with up to 300 micrograms per milliliter (microg/ml) of a 6:94 mixture of Co particles in the presence or absence of 1 millimolar (mM) butylated-hydroxytoluene (BHT). Cytotoxicity was assessed by measuring release of intracellular

lactate-dehydrogenase. BHT significantly decreased Co/WC mixture cytotoxicity. At doses of up to 100microg/ml, BHT abolished cytotoxicity. Arachidonic-acid at 200microg/ml was incubated with 0 or 0.09mg/ml Co particles, 1.5mg/ml WC particles, 1.5mg/ml of the Co/WC mixture or an industrial preparation equivalent to the mixture, or 0.5 millimolar (mM) divalent iron (Fe+2) in the presence or absence of 1.5mM hydrogen-peroxide. The extent of arachidonic-acid peroxidation was assessed by measuring formation of thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances. The two Co/WC-mixtures significantly stimulated arachidonic-acid peroxidation. Fe+2 significantly stimulated arachidonic-acid but to a lesser extent. WC and Co were inactive. Electron spin resonance indicated significant formation of free radicals in Co containing mixtures. The formation of free radicals was associated with rapid solubilization of large amounts of cobaltous ions from the mixtures, as evidenced by the development of a pink color in the solution. A galvanic cell containing WC and Co electrodes immersed in phosphate buffer was constructed. The galvanic current was measured. When oxygen was bubbled through the solution, a large galvanic current was obtained, the electron flow going from the Co to the WC electrode. The authors conclude that Co and WC particles interact to produce large amounts of AOS. The mechanism involves oxidation of Co catalyzed on the surface of the carbide particles, which results in the reduction of dissolved oxygen. The authors suggest that this mechanism has implications for the pulmonary toxicity of hard metal particles./ETHNOLOGY KEYWORDS: DCN-227454 In vitro studies Mammalian cells Hard metals Cytotoxic effects Lipid peroxidation Free radicals Physiological chemistry Particulates Oxidative processes Carbides Electrochemistry CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: CRTOEC ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00227349 875 TITLE: Allergenic Occupational Air Pollutants AUTHORS:

Schepers GWH SOURCE: Occupational Asthma, C. A. Frazier, Editor; New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, pages 307-356, 19801980 ABSTRACT: Known allergenic industrial air pollutants were listed by broad categories and then several selected pollutants were discussed at greater length. The broad categories included: allergenic occupational air pollutants, both inanimate and biological; allergenic occupational metals, including both fume fever producers and direct skin and lung sensitizers; and allergenic chemical compounds, including both inorganic and organic compounds. Specific discussion was limited to cobalt (7440484), nickel (7440020), tungsten (7440337), cadmium (7440439), beryllium (7440417), vanadium (7440622), chromium (7440473), silicon (7440213), halogens, alkaline materials, acid materials, phosphorus (7723140), sulfur (7704349), nitrogen (7727379), oxygen (7782447), ozone (10028156), aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic and cyclic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethylene-oxide (75218), esters (aliphatic, aromatic, inorganic), aldehydes, ketones, ethers, glycols, nitroparaffins, aromatic nitro and amino compounds, phenols, vinyl-chloride (75014), plastics, nitrocellulose (9004700), viscose rayon, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (9003398) and hairspray thesaurosis, pseudoplastics, silicones, wood dusts, and agents responsible for farmer's lung, millers' asthma, byssinosis, bagassosis, suberosis, anthracosis, and detergent allergies. KEYWORDS: DCN-165489 Bronchial asthma Pulmonary system disorders Lung irritants Allergic reactions Environmental pollution Metals Toxic gases Air contamination CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-33-7 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-62-2 7440-47-3 7440-21-3 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7727-37-9 7782-44-7 10028-15-6 75-21-8 75-01-4 9004-70-0 9003-39-8 ENTRY MONTH: 199003

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00177678 876 TITLE: Investigation of Element Speciation in Atmosphere. AUTHORS: KIST AA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Nuclear Physics, Acad. Sci. Uzbekistan, 702132, Ulughbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, CIS, Russia. SOURCE: BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH; 43-45 (0). 1994. 259-266. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Elemental composition of rain water was determined with the use of instrumental neutron activation analysis. Solid water-insoluble fractions were separated by filtration through membrane filters. Filtrates were dried, and dry residues as well as solid-phase on filters were analyzed. Concentrations of 20 elements in the samples were determined. Enrichment factors and ratios between element concentrations in liquid and solid fractions were calculated. Data obtained allowed us to suppose that Na, Cl, K, Sc, Cr, Mn, Fe, Se, Br, I, Cs, La, Sm, and Au prevalently exist in the air in the form of relatively coarse aerosol particles; Zn, As, Sb, and Hg prevalently occur in the vapor-gas phase; and Co and W, in the form of finely dispersed aerosol. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16887-00-6 16887-00-6 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7

7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BTERD ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/06402 877 TITLE: GEOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF GOLD MINING ENTERPRISE MINING SETTLEMENT AND THE ADJACENT TERRITORIES OF THE KOLYM REGION AUTHORS: PETROPAVLOVSKIY VG SOURCE: FAR EAST BRANCH-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. BRIDGES OF THE SCIENCE BETWEEN NORTH AMERICA AND THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST; 45TH ARCTIC SCIENCE CONFERENCE, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA, USA, AUGUST 25-27, 1994 AND VLADIVOSTOK, RUSSIA, AUGUST 29-SEPTEMBER 2, 1994. 338P.(VOL. 1); 217P.(VOL. 2) DALNAUKA PUBLISHING HOUSE: VLADIVOSTOK, RUSSIA. ISBN 5-7442-0666-3; ISBN 5-7442-0665-5.; 0 (0). 1994. 128. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER MEETING ABSTRACT HUMAN LEAD ARSENIC CHROMIUM NICKEL COBALT MANGANESE COPPER ZINC TITANIUM BORON STRONTIUM BARIUM PHOSPHORUS TUNGSTEN POTASSIUM MAGNESIUM IRON SELENIUM CADMIUM MERCURY SOIL CHEMISTRY WATER QUALITY BLOOD SERUM POLYMICROELEMENTOSES RUSSIA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION

SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Social Biology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 49940 ENTRY MONTH: 199504 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/09031 878 TITLE: The effect of package leakage on the shelf-life of modified atmosphere packed minced meat steaks and detection. AUTHORS:

EILAMO M AHVENAINEN R HURME E HEINIO R-L MATTILA-SANDHOLM T AUTHOR ADDRESS: VTT Biotechnol. Food Res., P.O. Box 1500, 02044 VTT, Finland. SOURCE: LEBENSMITTEL-WISSENSCHAFT & TECHNOLOGIE; 28 (1). 1995. 62-71. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The effect of leaking on the quality and leak detection in modified atmosphere packages of chilled minced meat steaks were studied. Leaks of various sizes were made experimentally with tungsten thread and packages were stored for 5 weeks at +5 C or +10 C. The results indicated that the microbial counts in minced meat steaks increased with increasing leak size at the storage temperature of +5 C, but not at +10 C, where temperature became a more important factor for microbial growth than the rate of the leakage studied. At both temperatures, the sensory quality of minced meat steaks was better maintained in packages with capillary leaks tile diameter and length of which were 69 and 3000 mum and 169 mum and 3000 mum, respectively, than in intact packages or in packages with capillary or pinhole leaks the diameter and length of which were 270 and 3000 mum or 65 and 70 mum, respectively. The packages stored at + 10 C contained a coloured redox indicator, which was very MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): COLD FOOD TECHNOLOGY MEAT MEAT PRODUCTS FOOD ANALYSIS FOOD TECHNOLOGY FOOD-PROCESSING INDUSTRY FOOD TECHNOLOGY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM FOOD MICROBIOLOGY FOOD CONTAMINATION BEVERAGES INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY BACTERIA FUNGI KEYWORDS: External Effects-Temperature as a Primary Variable-Cold (1971- ) Food Technology-Meats and Meat By-Products Food Technology-Evaluations of Physical and Chemical Properties (1970- ) Food Technology-Preparation Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Food and Industrial Microbiology-Food and Beverage Spoilage and Contamination Plant Physiology Bacteria-General Unspecified (1992- ) Fungi-Unspecified LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: LBWTA ENTRY MONTH: 199505 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/10550 879 TITLE: DIRECT METHODS OF METAL SPECIATION AUTHORS: GLIDEWELL SM GOODMAN BA SOURCE: URE, A. M. AND C. M. DAVIDSON (ED.). CHEMICAL SPECIATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT. XIII+408P. BLACKIE & SON LTD.: GLASGOW, SCOTLAND, UK. ISBN 0-7514-0021-1.; 0 (0). 1995. 33-64. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION TOXIN ANALYTICAL METHOD MATHEMATICAL MODEL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY ECOLOGY MINERALS/ANALYSIS AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-67-7 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-58-6

7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-26-8 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 50302 ENTRY MONTH: 199505 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/11784 880 TITLE: Automatic Read-Out Device for Ultraviolet-Radiation Polymer-Film Dosimeters AUTHORS: Pepper MG Diffey BL SOURCE: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, Vol. 18, No. 4, pages 467-473, 9 references, 19801980 ABSTRACT: A device for automatically reading and printing the optical absorbance of polymer film used in personal ultraviolet detection badges was developed. The film badges were mounted in a rotating magazine of a slide projector and light from a 50 watt quartz tungsten halogen lamp passed through each badge. The optical absorbance of the film was determined by analogue logarithmic circuitry and the resulting value was displayed on a digital

panel meter. The device was accurate to within 1.0 percent. KEYWORDS: DCN-182375 Measurement instrumentation Dosimetry Radiation counters Radiation dosimetry Radiation measurement instruments Radiation dosage Radiation exposure Radiation monitoring ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00098714 881 TITLE: Note on the non-aqueous oxidimetric determination of some water insoluble metal xanthates and dithiocarbamates. AUTHORS: Verma BC Kumar S SOURCE: Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem. 274(5): 383; 1975. ABSTRACT: PESTAB. The oxidimetric determination of water insoluble metal xanthates and diothiocarbamates using dimethylformamide as a solvent is described. Aliquots of the ethylxanthates and diethyldithiocarbamates of cadmium, zinc, lead, and mercury (II) were dissovled in dimethylformamide, cooled to room temperature, and titrated with 0.05N iodine monobromide solution in the same solvent. The end point was detected visually by the yellow color imparted to the solution by the first drop of the reagent in excess. It could also be well detected potentiometrically using a platinum wire as indicator electrode and tungsten as reference electrode. A sharp potential jump was observed in the end point. Quantities from 5-55 mg can be determined visually or potentiometrically with a maximum standard deviation of about +- 0.8%. The potential jump is in the range of 25-80 m V/0.05 of 0.05 N IBr solution. It was not possible to employ this method for the analysis of the corresponding T1(I) and Bi(III) compounds. CODEN: FACFA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: PESTAB/75/2271

882 TITLE: Determination of Lead in Whole Blood using a Capacitively Coupled Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer AUTHORS: Wensing MW Liu D-Y Smith BW Winefordner JD SOURCE: Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 299, No. 1, pages 1-7, 16 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: The use of coupled microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometer (CMP-AES) for determining lead (7439921) in whole blood using a tungsten filament electrode and a discrete sampling technique was described. The sample was vaporized directly from the plasma supporting electrode into the plasma, thus making certain there was a 100% transfer. The sample was dried at low microwave powers; at higher microwave power, the sample was vaporized and atomized, and the analyte was excited. A monochromator and a time resolved photodiode array detector were used to detect the transient signal. The method was calibrated using aqueous standards, and whole blood quality control materials were used to evaluate the method. The technique proved to be very sensitive with a detection limit of 7 parts per billion (ppb) or 35 picograms for the 5 microliter aliquot used. For 60 runs, the average precision was about 15%. The method took less than 5 minutes per sample. KEYWORDS: DCN-228417 Analytical methods Chemical analysis Heavy metals Lead poisoning Blood analysis Analytical chemistry Spectrographic analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 CODEN: ACACAM ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00225683 883 TITLE: Composition and sources of atmospheric particulate matter at an industrialized urban air shed.

AUTHORS: ARAS NK HUANG X OLMEZ I GORDON GE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Middle East Technical Univ., Dep. Chem., Ankara, Turkey. SOURCE: TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 19 (1). 1995. 1-13. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Samples of airborne particulate matter collected from St. Louis, MO, during the Regional Air Pollution Study (RAPS) were analyzed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). RAPS program collected a large number of samples with 10 continuously operated dichotomous samplers from March 1975-March 1977. Among these samples, 30 fine, 30 coarse and 10 filter blanks, which were previously analyzed by XRF, were re-analyzed by INAA. A total of 44 elements were identified by both techniques combined. The XRF and INAA results for eleven elements were compared. The XRF ratios are around one for fine fractions, but around two for coarse fractions. This difference in INAA and XRF results for coarse fraction could be due to falling of large particles during transport or, most probably, due to non-uniform deposition of particles on the filter, becoming more concentrated in the center. Application of various statistical methods on the data has revealed the sources of most of th MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-71-3

7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: DMCBE ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/16249 884 TITLE: Determination of mercury levels in the brain by neutron activation analysis. AUTHORS: Al-Hiti K

Al-Sidi IH Albedri MB AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Health Phys., Nuclear Res. Cent., Baghdad, Iraq SOURCE: Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 31(9): 563-568 1980 (18 References) ABSTRACT: PESTAB. Since mercury has been used extensively as a fungicidal dressing for seeds, it has sometimes been found stored in various organs of man and animals. Brain levels of mercury are often a good indication of total body burdens of this compound. The 368 keV prompt gamma-radiation emitted during the 199Hg(ngamma)200Hg reaction at doses of 102 mrem was monitored to measure brain levels of mercury as low as 100 ppm. Experiments on phantom volunteers and animals showed that the assay was accurate to within +- 3.2%. The parietal region of the skulls was viewed using a 60 cm3 Ge(Li) detector of 2.14 keV resolution at the 60Co line. A metallic mole held the head in position during viewing and spatial consideration was given to dose measurements. Minimum shielding weight was achieved by experiments with a layered system of tungsten alloy, lead, cadmium, lithium fluoride, boron and paraffin. A two part collimation system also helped to reduce background gamma-radiation. CODEN: IJARA ENTRY MONTH: 198012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 PESTAB PUB CODE: Periodical SECONDARY SOURCE ID: PESTAB/80/3390 885 TITLE: RAPID GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL-INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION FROM STREAM SEDIMENT DISPERSION FLOWS SOUTH SIBERIA IRKUTSK REGION AUTHORS: BELOGOLOVA GA KOVAL PV PAMPURA VD SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 162 (1). 1995. 1-11. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE SILVER FLUORINE URANIUM ZINC COPPER ARSENIC NICKEL COBALT MOLYBDENUM CHROMIUM LITHIUM GALLIUM GERMANIUM BISMUTH YTTRIUM TIN MANGANESE VANADIUM TUNGSTEN BERYLLIUM PHOSPHORUS BORON MERCURY TITANIUM HEAVY METAL POLLUTION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY

FRESH WATER MINERALS/ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-41-4 7782-41-4 7723-14-0 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/17799 886 TITLE: A kinetic study on the bioremediation of sodium cyanide and acetonitrile

by free and immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida. AUTHORS: CHAPATWALA KD BABU G RV ARMSTEAD ER WHITE EM WOLFRAM JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Natural Sci., Selma Univ., Selma, AL 36701, USA. SOURCE: APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY; 51-52 (0). 1995. 717-726. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Pseudomonas putida capable of utilizing organic nitrile (acetonitrile) and inorganic cyanide (sodium cyanide) as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen was isolated from contaminated industrial sites and waste water. The bacterium possesses nitrile aminohydrolase (EC 3.5.5.1) and amidase (EC 3.5.1.4), which are involved in the transformation of cyanides and nitriles into ammonia and CO2 through the formation of amide as an intermediate. Both of the enzymes have a high selectivity and affinity toward the -CN group. The rate of degradation of acetonitrile and sodium cyanide to ammonia and CO2 by the calcium-alginate immobilized cells of P. putida was studied. The rate of reaction during the biodegradation of acetonitrile and sodium cyanide, and the substrate- and product-dependent kinetics of these toxic compounds were studied using free and immobilized cells of P. putida and modeled using a simple Michaelis-Menten equation. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biophysics-Bioengineering Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-General Metabolism

Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 143-33-9 143-33-9 75-05-8 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ABIBD ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/19015 887 TITLE: Pulmonary Reactions to Other Occupational Dusts and Fumes AUTHORS: Levy SA SOURCE: Occupational Medicine, Third Edition, C. Zenz, O. B. Dickerson, and E. P. Horvath, Jr., Editors; Mosby-Year Book, St. Louis, pages 194-204, 204 references, 1994 ABSTRACT: Pulmonary responses to inhaled agents other than asbestos and silica were reviewed. The review considered the pulmonary effects induced by inhalation of graphite (7782425), aluminum (7429905), talc (14807966), mica (12001262), kaolin (1332587), tonoko, tungsten-carbide (12070121), silicon-carbide (409212), titanium (7440326), feldspar, cement, platinum (7440064), iron-pentacarbonyl (13463406), copper-sulfate (7758987), man made mineral fibers, wood dust, wood pulp and paper, grain dust, cotton dust, jute dust, tobacco dust, coffee and tea dusts, pesticides, phenol/formaldehyde resins, bakelite, fly ash, soot, wool, lead (7439921), hard rock, oil mists, and miscellaneous dusts. Byssinosis resulting from exposure to cotton, flax, or hemp dust was discussed. Among cotton workers, the highest incidence of byssinosis has been found in card room workers. The endotoxin content of the cotton dust has been shown to be correlated with the occurrence of byssinosis in a cotton mill. The clinical manifestations of byssinosis were described. Meat wrappers asthma and other nonspecific respiratory conditions known as industrial bronchitis were summarized. KEYWORDS: DCN-228732 Respiratory system disorders Metallic dusts

Organic dusts Epidemiology Occupational exposure Physiological response Pulmonary system Cotton dust Textile workers Clinical symptoms Occupational medicine Oil mists CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-42-5 7782-42-5 7429-90-5 14807-96-6 12001-26-2 1332-58-7 12070-12-1 409-21-2 7440-32-6 7440-06-4 13463-40-6 7758-98-7 7439-92-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00228449 888 TITLE: COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND LEVEL OF GENETIC ABERRATIONS IN RESIDENTS OF ATBASAR TOWN KAZAKHSTAN AUTHORS: GEVORKYAN NM DROBINSKAYA IE GOLOTOVA TP INGEL' FI ILYUSHINA NA BRATSLAVSKII VA KRIVTSOVA EK KOROSTYLEVA LA AFANAS'EVA NA REVAZOVA YU A SOURCE: GIGIENA I SANITARIYA; 0 (8). 1994. 37-40. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN STRONTIUM ALUMINUM LITHIUM GALLIUM ZINC BERYLLIUM ANTIMONY BISMUTH TIN GOLD ZIRCONIUM THORIUM TUNGSTEN URANIUM CADMIUM LEAD DNA REPAIR CHROMOSOME ABERRATION PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AIR POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION

GENOTOXICITY MUTAGENICITY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS, MEDICAL NUCLEIC ACIDS PURINES PYRIMIDINES MINERALS NUCLEIC ACIDS/METABOLISM PURINES/METABOLISM PYRIMIDINES/METABOLISM BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Studies-Nucleic Acids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Nucleic Acids Blood Blood Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-36-0 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE:

rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/20939 889 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF BERYLLIUM IN DRINKING AND WASTE WATER BY TUNGSTEN FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY AUTHORS: CERNOHORSKY T KOTRLY S SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 10 (2). 1995. 155-160. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE MAGNESIUM CALCIUM ALUMINUM NITRATE ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13473-90-0 13473-90-0 7440-41-7

7440-33-7 7439-95-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/21022 890 TITLE: Estimation of dose due to accidental exposure to a cobalt-60 therapy source. AUTHORS: OZER H UNSAL S YALCINTAS MG JONES TD MEYER HR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Health Saf. Res. Div., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830, USA. SOURCE: HEALTH PHYS; 38 (2). 1980. 187-192. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A 2260 Ci 60Co therapy source embedded in a 42 kg tungsten block was accidentally dislodged from a therapy unit. An individual entered the therapy room and replaced the source in its container. Computer simulation techniques were applied to this exposure incident. Dose rates were calculated through use of a locational grid superimposed upon the accident scene. The actions of the exposed individual during the accident exposure were simulated within this grid as a means of estimating the absorbed dose. The estimated doses were used to estimate short- and long-term risk. Based on the calculation of absorbed dose, the possible risk of acute and chronic leukemia was about 2 times the normal risk for the individual who made the recovery. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10198-40-0 CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 198009 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

HEEP/80/10713 891 TITLE: Treatment effectiveness for the removal of selected contaminants from drinking water. AUTHORS: Stone R Smallwood HA Marsh JR SOURCE: Natl. Tech. Inform. Serv. PB-258,271, 1975, 199 p. ABSTRACT: PESTAB. An extensive literature survey was conducted to determine treatment methods for removing antimony, beryllium, cobalt, lithium, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, vanadium, bisethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides, and organophosphorus insecticides from drinking water. The processes discussed included ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, distillation, coagulation/precipitation, chemical oxidation, radio-chemical degradation, and adsorption. Treatment efficiencies were determined in terms of influent and effluent concentrations for each applicable treatment method. Process designs, constraints and limitations, operating conditions, and costs were presented for each treatment process discussed. Each process was evaluated as to its availability, applicability, and technical and economic feasibility. The best available and best technically feasible treatment processes were presented for each contaminant. (Author abstract by permission) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 50-29-3 50-29-3 56-38-2 58-89-9 309-00-2 CODEN: NTISA ENTRY MONTH: 197707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1975 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: PESTAB/77/1228 892 TITLE: DEGRADATION OF CYANIDES CYANATES AND THIOCYANATES BY PSEUDOMONAS PUTIDA AUTHORS: BABU G RV ROSS V WOLFRAM JH CHAPATWALA KD

SOURCE: 95TH GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, MAY 21-25, 1995. ABSTRACTS OF THE GENERAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY; 95 (0). 1995. 378. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEETING ABSTRACT SODIUM CYANIDE CARBON NITROGEN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY GASES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-41-7 7664-41-7 143-33-9 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AGMME ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/21980 893 TITLE: Lung toxicity of hard metal particles and production of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, fibronectin, and cystatin-c by lung phagocytes. AUTHORS: HUAUX F

LASFARGUES G LAUWERYS R LISON D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicology Occupational Med. Unit, Sch. Med., Catholic Univ. Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY; 132 (1). 1995. 53-62. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard metal alloys (WC-Co) are made of a mixture of cobalt (Co; 6%) and tungsten carbide (WC; 94%) particles. Chronic inhalation of hard metal dust can lead to the development of a fibrosing alveolitis, the pathogenesis of which is still undefined. The present investigation was undertaken to assess the effect of Co, WC, and WC-Co particles on the release by lung phagocytes of interleukin-I (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), fibronectin, and cystatin-c. The responses were compared wi those induced by two other lung toxicants, i.e., crystalline silica (DQ12) and arsenic trioxide (AS2O3). IL-1 and TNF-alpha activities produced in the presence and absence of LPS stimulation were measured with the aid of bioassays while fibronectin and cystatin-c were determined by latex immunoassays. In vitro, maximal noncytotoxic doses of AS2O3, Co, WC, or WC-Co did not significantly affect the production of these mediators by rat alveolar macrophages. In contrast, DQ12 enhance MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY CARBOHYDRATES/METABOLISM AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENDOCRINE GLANDS ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY

JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Carbohydrates Metabolism-Proteins Blood Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Endocrine System-General Bones Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 1327-53-3 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TXAPA ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/23148 894 TITLE: Physicochemical mechanism of the interaction between cobalt metal and carbide particles to generate toxic activated oxygen species. AUTHORS: LISON D CARBONNELLE P MOLLO L LAUWERYS R FUBINI B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Fac. Med., Catholic Univ. Louvain, Clos Chapelle Aux Champs, 30.54, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.

SOURCE: CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY; 8 (4). 1995. 600-606. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard metal alloys (or cemented carbides) are made of a mixture of tungsten carbide particles (WC, more than 80%) cemented in cobalt metal powder (Co, 5-10%). The inhalation of hard metal particles may cause an interstitial pulmonary disease, the mechanism of which involves an interaction between Co and WC particles. Some epidemiological data also suggest that hard metal dust can induce lung cancer in workers. In a macrophage culture model, butylated hydroxytoluene (1 mM) protected from the cytotoxicity of hard metal particles, suggesting a possible involvement of lipid peroxidation in the toxicity of these powders. In a biochemical system, a mixture of Co and WC particles, but not Co or WC alone, stimulated the production of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances from arachidonic acid. Using a spin trapping system applied to aqueous particulate suspensions and electrochemical techniques, we present experimental evidence that the association of Co and carbide particles MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY LIPIDS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PATHOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CARCINOGENS PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MORBIDITY NEOPLASMS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Lipids Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules

Pathology Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: CRTOE ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/26726 895 TITLE: Changes in the inorganic element concentration spectrum of mesquite foliage during operational and non-operational periods of a copper smelter. AUTHORS: GABRIEL IE PATTEN DT AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cent. Environmental Studies, Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ 85287-3211, USA. SOURCE: WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION; 81 (3-4). 1995. 207-217. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Leaves of honey mesquite (Prosopis julifora) were collected along distance and elevation gradients from an Arizona copper smelter during a year of smelter operations and during a year of a smelter shut-down. An inorganic leaf element concentration spectrum for elements Zn, Cu, Fe, Ti, Mn, Al, Mg, Cs, Sm, U, Yb, As, La, Hf, Sb, Se, V, In, W, Ba, Br, K, Na and Cl was derived for both sampling periods. Sources of element origin were identified through factor analysis and correlation matrices. Elements Cu, As, Sb, W and In, which are emitted in significant quantities during the smelting process and are good smelter pollution trace elements, were reduce up to 95% in mesquite leaves collected after the smelter shut-down. Leaves grown in the smelter vicinity during smelter operations showed visible leaflet deformation while no leaf damage was

observed on the same trees during the non-operational period. The seasonal change in mesquite leaf element concentrations could be direc MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY ECOLOGY PLANTS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION TREES LEGUMES KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Forestry and Forest Products Leguminosae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-74-6 7440-74-6 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAPLA ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/27347 896 TITLE: The interaction of cobalt metal with different carbides and other mineral particles on mouse peritoneal macrophages. AUTHORS: LISON D LAUWERYS R AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Clos Chapelle aux Champs 30.54, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO; 9 (3). 1995. 341-347.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Chronic inhalation of hard metal particles can produce an interstitial lung disease (hard metal disease). Recent studies on rats and on isolated alveolar and peritonea) macrophages have demonstrated that this disorder can be explained by an interaction between cobalt metal (Co) and tungsten carbide (WC) particles, which represent the main constituents of hard metal. The exact mechanism of this interaction is still undefined. The present study was undertaken to assess in vitro whether a similar interaction also occurs between cobalt and other metallic carbide particles which may also be incorporated in hard metals depending on the desired applications. When tested separately, Co and metallic carbide particles did not affect the cell integrity. In contrast, TiC, NbC and Cr3C2 exerted a synergistic effect with Co (interactive carbides) while TaC, Mo2C and SiC did not (non-interactive carbides). The interaction did not simply result from an increased cobalt bioavailability MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE BLOOD CELLS/PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD CELLS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY MEMBRANES MESENTERY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blood Blood Coelomic Membranes Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-08-5 12070-08-5 12070-06-3 12069-94-2 12012-35-0 12011-97-1 7440-48-4 409-21-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TIVIE ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/27416 897 TITLE: Urinary Excretion of Chromium as an Indicator of Exposure to Various Chromium Forms in MMA Welders/INNERVATION AUTHORS: Matczak W Trzcinka-Ochocka M Chmielnicka J SOURCE: International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Vol. 8, No. 4, pages 301-313, 21 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: The chromium (7440473) exposures experienced by manual metal arc/stainless steel (MMA) welders were investigated on the basis of the relationship between urinary chromium and various chromium forms in the air. Workers at a chemical facility and two metal facilities participated in the study. Fifteen welders were used as study subjects; they had been on the job as welders for 2 to 27 years. During the study period, all were welding stainless steel. They worked at this operation for 6.5 to 7 hours a day. They used MMA and tungsten inert gas methods. Air samples were collected in a welder's breathing zone, and the respirable fraction of the dust was analyzed for soluble and insoluble chromium. Urine samples were collected before and after a work shift for 5 days. Urinary chromium excretion after work in active welders using the MMA/SS method correlated with concentrations of soluble chromium compounds in the air during the work day. The MMA/SS welders exposed to total chromium and/or soluble chromium showed a variation in the urinary chromium mean values of 17 to 58 microgram/gram creatinine for chromium and from 4 to 29 microgram/gram for soluble chromium. High urinary chromium concentrations prior to the work shift indicated a history of exposure, compared with urine chromium concentrations in controls who were not occupationally exposed to chromium. The levels of chromium in the urine of the controls were higher than those generally reported./INNERVATION KEYWORDS: DCN-231462 Urinalysis Biological monitoring Chromium compounds Welding industry Humans Metal dusts Respirable dust Occupational exposure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 ENTRY MONTH: 199702 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00231036 898 TITLE: LOCALIZED FIBROUS PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA A CASE IN A PATIENT EXPOSED TO TUNGSTEN CARBIDE AND TO ASBESTOS DUST AUTHORS: BROUSSE D SONNEVILLE A SOURCE: REVUE DE PNEUMOLOGIE CLINIQUE; 50 (6). 1994. 333-337. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM CASE STUDY HUMAN CARCINOGEN DYSPNEA TUMOR EXCISION FUSIFORM CELL DIAGNOSIS COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY HISTOLOGY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY BIOLOGY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ANATOMY SURGERY ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGY, COMPARATIVE RADIOGRAPHY DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY THERAPEUTICS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PATHOLOGY ADIPOSE TISSUE/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BONE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PATHOLOGY CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY FASCIA/PATHOLOGY FASCIA/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PATHOLOGY JOINT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS NEOPLASMS/DIAGNOSIS NEOPLASMS/PATHOLOGY CARCINOGENS ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS/PHARMACOLOGY NEOPLASMS/THERAPY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Microscopy Techniques-Histology and Histochemistry

Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Anatomy and Histology Anatomy and Histology Pathology Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Bones Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Diagnostic Methods Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Pathology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Therapeutic Agents Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13283-01-7 13283-01-7 1332-21-4 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: RPCLE ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/27566 899 TITLE: MEASUREMENTS OF AIR CONCENTRATIONS OF THORIUM DURING GRINDING AND WELDING OPERATIONS USING THORIATED TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES AUTHORS: CRIM EM BRADLEY TD SOURCE: HEALTH PHYSICS; 68 (5). 1995. 719-722. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HUMAN OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS BREATHING ZONE MONITORING MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION ISOTOPES RADIATION RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION GASES BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS

ENGINEERING DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY CARCINOGENS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-General Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biophysics-Bioengineering Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carcinogens and Carcinogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199510 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/28048 900 TITLE: Hazards from chlorinated hydrocarbon decomposition during welding. AUTHORS: RINZEMA LC SILVERSTEIN LG SOURCE: AM IND HYG ASSOC J; 33 (1). 1972 35-40 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Gas tungsten, gas metal and shielded metal are welding were done in a glovebox containing known concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the vicinity of their Threshold Limit Values. Compounds studied were methyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene and o-dichlorobenzene. Samples of the glovebox atmosphere were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for decomposition producst. Only trichlorethylene and perchloroethylene produced potentially hazardous concentrations of phosgene, without

sufficient quantities of chlorine and hydrogen chloride to provide adequate warning. All other compounds tested produced little or no phosgene. Most did produce quantities of chlorine and hydrogen chloride adequate to provide warning that decomposition was occurring. Data is extrapolated to industrial welding situations and precautions are described. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 56-23-5 67-66-3 71-55-6 74-87-3 75-09-2 79-01-6 95-50-1 107-06-2 127-18-4 CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/73/03558 901 TITLE: A study of some aspects of lipid-protein metabolism in acute tungstem poisoning of rabbits: II. AUTHORS: LEONT'EVA NG SOURCE: TR SEV-OSET MED INST; (27). 1970 31-32 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Male rabbits were given 25 mg/kg of Na2WO4 by an unspecified route for 70 days. Observations were made of a rise in respiration rate, diarrhea and refusal to eat. There was a fall in the number of reticulocytes in all the surviving rabbits. A fall in the albumin content was observed more often than a rise. The content of alpha-2- and beta-globulins increased. Five hr after administration the serum cholesterol went down, then increased, but only in some of the rabbits. From the 21st to 70th day it went down in all rabbits. There were similar changes in the total lipids and beta-lipoproteins. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: TSMIB ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/09697 902 TITLE: Information from medical examinations of the workers in the princpal plants of the Pobedit factory. AUTHORS: ADYRKHAEV AG BOGDANOVSKAYA LV BERESNEVA NV DEMINA VA MUTSUEVA RS FIRANOVA OP PINOVA AD SOURCE: TR SEV-OSET S-KH INST; (24). 1969 219-224 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Extensive medical examinations were made of workers of leading occupations at 3 plants in the Pobedit factory: the refractory materials plant (RFP), the hard alloy plants (HAP), and the tungsten articles plant (TAP). Among the 306 males and 469 women examined, 62% were 21-40 yr old and 71.8% had a work history of 4-20 yr. A number of subjective complaints were revealed and also changes in blood pressure and heart rate, reduction in the vital capacity of the lungs, Hb content of the blood and red and white counts. There was also reticulocytosis. Diseases of the cardiovascular, digestive and respiratory systems were found. The morbidity and individual symptoms in the workers decreased in the sequence RFP greater than HAP greater than TAP. CODEN: TSOSA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/05523 903 TITLE: Cadmium exposure among residents in an area contaminated by irrigation water in China. AUTHORS: CAI S YUE L SHANG Q NORDBERG G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Environmental Medicine, Umea University S-901 87 Umea, Sweden.

SOURCE: BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION; 73 (3). 1995. 359-367. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. River water used to irrigate arable land in Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, China, is polluted with cadmium from tailings and the wastewater of tungsten ore dressing plants. From information about the date of construction of ore dressing plants and an analysis of the annual growth rings of trees, we deduced that local residents have been exposed to cadmium for at least 25 years. Cadmium exposure was estimated based on a meal survey, which indicated that 99.5% of the oral cadmium intake came from rice and vegetables grown locally. The average oral intake of cadmium was calculated to be 367382 mug/day. Smokers had additional exposure from locally grown cadmium-containing tobacco. Cadmium concentrations in samples of urine (11 mug/g creatinine), blood (12 mug/l) and in the hair (0.11 mug/g) of persons in the exposed area were high. The cadmium exposure lies in a range that can be considered to cause adverse renal effects in the long term. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER MINERALS UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BWHOA ENTRY MONTH: 199512 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/32991 904

TITLE: ENGINEERING SCALE-UP OF IN SITU BIOREMEDIATION PROCESSES A REVIEW AUTHORS: STURMAN PJ STEWART PS CUNNINGHAM AB BOUWER EJ WOLFRAM JH SOURCE: JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY; 19 (3). 1995. 171-203. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LITERATURE REVIEW MICROORGANISM CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION FIELD METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Methods Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-General Metabolism Microorganisms Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Microorganisms-Unspecified LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JCOHE ENTRY MONTH: 199512 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/95/34413 905 TITLE: TRACE METAL PROBLEMS WITH INDUSTRIAL WASTE MATERIALS APPLIED TO VEGETABLE PRODUCING SOILS AUTHORS:

STOEWSAND GS SOURCE: GRAHAM, H. D. THE SAFETY OF FOODS, 2ND EDITION. XVI+774P. AVI PUBLISHING CO. INC.: WESTPORT, CONN., USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-87055-337-2.; 0 (0). 1980. P423-443. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. REVIEW HUMAN ANIMAL KIDNEY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 08879 ENTRY MONTH: 198012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/00957 906 TITLE: POSSIBILITIES TO OBTAIN ECOLOGICALLY SAFE CROP PRODUCTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF AGROSPHERE POLLUTION ECOTOXICOLOGICAL ASPECT. REPORT 1. THE MOST IMPORTANT NATURAL AND XENOBIOTIC POLLUTANTS CHARACTERISTICS SOURCES DOCUMENTS AUTHORS: SOKOLOV MS SOURCE: AGROKHIMIYA; 0 (6). 1995. 107-125. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE HEAVY METALS RADIONUCLIDES POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS FOOD SAFETY AGRICULTURAL LAND USE MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION BIOCHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY FOOD ADDITIVES/POISONING FOOD ADDITIVES/TOXICITY FOOD CONTAMINATION FOOD POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/POISONING FOOD PRESERVATIVES/TOXICITY SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT SOIL HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES ARACHNIDA ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS INSECTICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES PLANTS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions General Biology-Conservation Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-General Toxicology-Foods Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Agronomy-General Pest Control Economic Entomology-Chemical and Physical Control Angiospermae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 55722-27-5 55722-27-5 52645-53-1 51481-10-8 37871-00-4 34465-46-8 18923-27-8 18540-29-9 16369-95-2 16316-03-3 16065-83-1

15117-96-1 15117-48-3 14981-79-4 14932-42-4 14859-67-7 14798-08-4 14762-78-8 14762-75-5 14681-59-5 14380-75-7 14269-74-0 14269-63-7 14255-04-0 14234-24-3 14158-27-1 14119-15-4 13982-63-3 13981-52-7 13981-16-3 13968-53-1 13967-76-5 13967-74-3 13967-71-0 13967-48-1 10198-40-0 10098-97-2 10045-97-3 10043-66-0 10028-17-8 8006-25-5 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7704-34-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-14-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7241-98-7

7220-81-7 3268-87-9 1746-01-6 1165-39-5 1162-65-8 149-29-1 60-51-5 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: AGKYA ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/02038 907 TITLE: Respiratory Disorders AUTHORS: Christiani DC Wegman DH SOURCE: Occupational Health. Recognizing and Preventing Work-Related Disease, Third Edition, B. S. Levy and D. H. Wegman, Editors; Little, Brown and Company, Boston, pages 427-454, 6 references, 1995 ABSTRACT: Occupation associated respiratory disorders were reviewed. The typical pathogenesis of a severe work related lung disease was illustrated by describing a 60 year (yr) old male who was employed as a sandblasting worker for 23yr and developed silicosis. Recommended procedures for diagnosing occupational pulmonary diseases include obtaining a complete history of occupational and environmental exposures including a history of cigarette smoking; a physical examination giving special attention to breath sounds; a chest X-ray examination giving appropriate attention to parenchymal and pleural opacities; and pulmonary function testing. It was noted that when applying these procedures to individuals, emphasis should be on utilizing work history and similar information to collect data on symptoms and signs. When applied to groups of workers, chest X-ray findings, pulmonary function test results, and symptom histories should be used. Factors contributing to acute irritant responses to chemical agents include inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinuses and larynx, bronchospasm, and pulmonary edema and pneumonitis in the deep respiratory tract. Nasal and laryngeal symptoms are most often associated with occupational exposures, whereas symptoms in the mid and lower respiratory tract may not be. The most common causes of acute respiratory effects are irritant gases, particularly those that are soluble in aqueous fluids. Occupational asthma was discussed and illustrated using the case of an 18yr old female metal worker whose asthma was attributed to exposure to tungsten-carbide (12070121) and cobalt (7440484). Hypersensitivity pneumonitis was described. Byssinosis and airway constrictive diseases

caused by inhalation of vegetable dusts were discussed. Chronic respiratory responses to occupational exposures include various pneumoconioses, silica (14808607) and silica related diseases, asbestosis, hard metal disease, emphysema, and granulomatous disease. KEYWORDS: DCN-235328 Respiratory system disorders Occupational diseases Case studies Sand blasting Clinical diagnosis Bronchial asthma Respiratory hypersensitivity Lung irritants Airway resistance Pulmonary function tests Chest X rays X ray analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 14808-60-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00234903 908 TITLE: CORRELATION BETWEEN SOIL POLLUTION WITH HEAVY METALS AND THE HEALTH STATUS OF CHILDREN IN TOMSK AUTHORS: NARZULAEV SB FILIPPOV GP SAVCHENKOV MF RIKHVANOV LP SOURCE: GIGIENA I SANITARIYA; 0 (4). 1995. 16-19. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE 25 ELEMENTS INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION COMMON COLD CHRONIC MORBIDITY RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY EAR-NOSE-THROAT PROBLEM CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM LIVER KIDNEY SKIN EYE ENDOCRINE ORGAN BLOOD HEMOPOIETIC ORGAN LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM GEOCHEMICAL MAPPING RUSSIA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY MINERALS PATHOLOGY

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEART DISEASES/PATHOLOGY BLOOD VESSELS/PATHOLOGY VASCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENDOCRINE GLANDS MUSCULAR DISEASES/PATHOLOGY MUSCULAR DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY SENSE ORGANS/PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDIATRICS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Digestive System-Pathology Cardiovascular System-Heart Pathology Cardiovascular System-Blood Vessel Pathology Blood Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Endocrine System-General Muscle-Pathology Sense Organs Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Pediatrics Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7440-70-2 7440-69-9

7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/02284 909 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENTS IN SERUM AND TISSUES OF DIALYSIS PATIENTS AUTHORS: GALLIENI M PIETRA R CANAVESE C DECOSTANZI E PADOVESE P COZZOLINO M SABBIONI E BRANACACCIO D SOURCE: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, USA, NOVEMBER 5-8, 1995. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY; 6 (3). 1995. 530. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEETING ABSTRACT HUMAN SILVER ARSENIC GOLD BROMINE CADMIUM COBALT CHROMIUM CESIUM COPPER EUROPIUM MERCURY LANTHANUM MOLYBDENUM RUBIDIUM ANTIMONY SCANDIUM SELENIUM URANIUM TUNGSTEN

ZINC BRAIN HEART LIVER SPLEEN SKIN METABOLISM TOXICITY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY MINERALS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING THERAPEUTICS MINERALS/METABOLISM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY DIGESTIVE SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEART DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY LYMPHATIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PATHOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY SKIN DISEASES/PATHOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES/PATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Bioengineering Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Digestive System-Pathology Cardiovascular System-Heart Pathology Blood Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Integumentary System-Pathology Nervous System-Pathology Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0

7440-33-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-91-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASNE ENTRY MONTH: 199602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/02608 910 TITLE: The Reduction of Airborne Dust Generated by Roof Bolt Drill Bits Through the Use of Water AUTHORS: Sundae LS Summers DA Wright D Cantrell BK SOURCE: US Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations 9594, 28 pages, 1995 ABSTRACT: The use of wet drilling to reduce airborne dust during drilling of mine roof bolt holes was investigated. The minimum amount of water required to cool the bits to avoid thermal cracking of tungsten-carbide inserts and thermal degradation of polycrystalline diamond compact bits was determined in the laboratory. Then water jets on a polycrystalline diamond compact bit were examined for their ability to eliminate respirable airborne dust, or aerosol, generated during mine roof bolting operations. The results showed that the large volumes of water conventionally used in wet drilling were not necessary and that the performance benefits from wet drilling could also be achieved with total volume flows on the order of 0.4 liter per hole. This conclusion was validated by the measured respirable dust generated in drilling Berea sandstone. Airborne dust was reduced 98% by wet drilling. The results were confirmed using a variety of bit shapes; bit shape was shown to have a significant effect on penetration rate. Field tests were conducted in a northern Michigan underground copper mine, and three coal fields. KEYWORDS: DCN-238390 Mining industry Dust control Mineral dusts Dust exposure

Mining equipment Underground mining Airborne dusts Equipment design ENTRY MONTH: 199806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00237964 911 TITLE: Activation of thick targets by energetic heavy ions and the resultant radiation levels. AUTHORS: CLAPIER F BARON E CLERC T PAUWELS N PROUST J TOUSSET G VAN DEN BOSSCHE M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Physique Nucleaire, F-91406 Orsay, France. SOURCE: RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS; 34 (4). 1995. 213-216. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This study completes data collected for thick targets exposed to carbon and oxygen ions accelerated at 86 MeV/u. The radioactivity induced in carbon and tungsten targets bombarded by argon projectiles at 95 MeV/u has been studied in order to assess the relative contributions of the incoming heavy ion and the mass number of the bombarded nuclei to the consequent radiation hazards related to the production of radioactive ion beams. Induced radioactivity measurements are only rarely made under controlled irradiation conditions, in order to derive from the measured activites the dose rates after beam bombardment and a prediction of radiation protection constraints. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION GASES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-37-1 7440-37-1 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: REBPA ENTRY MONTH: 199605 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/04770 912 TITLE: Metals AUTHORS: Newman LS SOURCE: Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, P. Harber, M. B. Schenker and J. R. Balmes, Editors; Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri, pages 469-513, 327 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: Key features of metal exposures and their respiratory tract effects in humans were considered. Specific topics that were addressed included: metal toxicity (principal routes of metal absorption, distribution, excretion, and mechanisms of toxicity); common sources of exposure; measuring exposure; clinical approach to metal induced respiratory tract diseases such as adult respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, tracheobronchitis, alveolar proteinosis, interstitial fibrosis, lung and nasal cancer, and acute inhalational fever syndromes; specific respiratory tract effects caused by metals; and toxicity of specific metals. Metals discussed included: aluminum (7429905); antimony (7440360); arsenic (7440382); barium (7440393); beryllium (7440417); boron (7440428); cadmium (7440439); chromium (7440473); cobalt (7440484); copper (7440508) (vineyard sprayer's lung); gold (7440575); iron (7439896); lead (7439921); lithium (7439932); magnesium (7439954); manganese (7439965); mercury (7439976); nickel (7440020); osmium (7440042); phosphorus (7723140); platinum (7440064); rare earths (lanthanides) yttrium (7440655) and cerium (7440451); selenium (7782492); silver (7440224); thallium (7440280); tin (7440315); titanium (7440326); tungsten (7440337); uranium (7440611); vanadium (7440622); zinc (7440666); and zirconium (7440677). KEYWORDS: DCN-230294 Metal workers Metal poisoning Occupational respiratory disease Metal compounds Toxic effects Respiratory irritants

Pulmonary disorders Respiratory system disorders Occupational exposure Air contamination CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7429-90-5 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 7440-39-3 7440-41-7 7440-42-8 7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-57-5 7439-89-6 7439-92-1 7439-93-2 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7440-02-0 7440-04-2 7723-14-0 7440-06-4 7440-65-5 7440-45-1 7782-49-2 7440-22-4 7440-28-0 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-61-1 7440-62-2 7440-66-6 7440-67-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199608 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00229868 913 TITLE: The delayed lung responses to single and repeated intratracheal administration of pure cobalt and hard metal powder in the rat. AUTHORS: LASFARGUES G LARDOT C DELOS M LAUWERYS R

LISON D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Sch. Med., Catholic Univ. of Louvain, Belgium. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH; 69 (2). 1995. 108-121. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that inhalation of cobalt metal dust (Co) mixed with tungsten carbide particles (WC), but not of cobalt dust alone, may cause interstitial pulmonary lesions (hard metal disease). In previous experimental studies in the rat, we have demonstrated the greater acute pulmonary toxicity of a WC-Co mixture compared to Co or WC alone. The present study was undertaken to compare in the same animal model the delayed lung response after intratracheal administration of Co or WC-Co particles (cobalt particle 6.3 wt%). The responses were also compared with those obtained after treatment with arsenic trioxide and crystalline silica used as reference materials producing an acute toxic insult and a progressive fibrogenic response, respectively. Cellular (total and differential counts) and biochemical parameters (LDH, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, total protein, albumin, fibronectin, and hyaluronic acid) were measured in bronchoalveolar lav MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES MINERALS ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Biochemical Studies-Minerals Enzymes-Physiological Studies Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7

7440-48-4 1327-53-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVRA ENTRY MONTH: 199606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/13014 914 TITLE: Cell envelope changes in solvent-tolerant and solvent-sensitive Pseudomonas putida strains following exposure to o-xylene. AUTHORS: PINKART HC WOLFRAM JW ROGERS R WHITE DC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cent. Environ. Biotechnol., Univ. Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr., Suite 300, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA. SOURCE: APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY; 62 (3). 1996. 1129-1132. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Solvent-tolerant and -sensitive Pseudomonas putida strains were studied to determine their cell envelope changes following exposure to o-xylene. Both strains produced trans-unsaturated fatty acids. The tolerant strain showed an increase in total fatty acids, an increase in saturated fatty acids, and modified lipopolysaccharide. It is suggested that these envelope modifications aid in survival at high concentrations of organic solvents. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS LIPIDS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY LIPIDS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS MEMBRANES/PHYSIOLOGY METABOLISM ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION

LIPIDS/METABOLISM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/CYTOLOGY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES MICROBIOLOGY MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Lipids Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Lipids Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Biophysics-Membrane Phenomena Metabolism-General Metabolism Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Metabolism-Lipids Toxicology-General Morphology and Cytology of Bacteria Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Microbiological Ultrastructure (1972- ) Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 95-47-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AEMID ENTRY MONTH: 199606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/13420 915 TITLE: Welding AUTHORS: Beckett WS SOURCE: Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, P. Harber, M. B. Schenker and J. R. Balmes, Editors; Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis,

Missouri, pages 704-717, 30 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: Welding was considered with respect to hazardous exposures and respiratory diseases. Specific topics that were addressed included: sources of exposure (consumable electrode or filler metal electrode welding plumes; shielded metal arc welding; gas metal arc welding); clinical manifestations of welding plume inhalation (metal fume fever, bronchitis, asthma, pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and toxic pneumonitis, chronic effects of welding on lung function, and bronchogenic carcinoma); surveillance; prevention; special diagnostic considerations; and regulatory issues. Hazardous agents associated with welding processes included: carbon-monoxide (630080); acetylene (74862); nitrogen oxides; ozone (10028156); phosgene (75445); arsenic (7440382); beryllium (7440417); cadmium (7440439); chromium(VI) (7440473); cobalt (7440484); copper (7440508); iron (7439896); lead (7439921); magnesium (7439954); manganese (7439965); molybdenum (7439987); nickel (7440020); silver (7440224); tin (7440315); titanium (7440326); tungsten (7440337); vanadium (7440622); zinc (7440666); asbestos (1332214); fluorides; and silica (14808607). Short term and long term toxic effects were provided for each of these agents. Numerous studies on the association between welding and lung function were cited; in addition, data on lung cancer incidence and mortality were reviewed. Recommended preventive measures included: development and use of processes that produce less plume; adequate ventilation; and good work practices. KEYWORDS: DCN-230307 Welding industry Occupational respiratory disease Toxic materials Lung irritants Toxic gases Respiratory hypersensitivity Respiratory system disorders Occupational exposure Metal fumes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 630-08-0 630-08-0 74-86-2 10028-15-6 75-44-5 7440-38-2 7440-41-7 7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7439-89-6 7439-92-1 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 7440-02-0 7440-22-4 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7

7440-62-2 7440-66-6 1332-21-4 14808-60-7 ENTRY MONTH: 199608 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00229881 916 TITLE: Elemental distribution in coal fly ash particles. AUTHORS: HANSEN LD FISHER GL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem. Thermochem. Inst., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, Utah 84602. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 14 (9). 1980. 1111-1117. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Methods are developed for determining quantitative relative concentrations of elements in the aluminosilicate matrix and in nonmatrix or surface material of coal fly ash. The dependence of total element concentration on particle size and the solubility of elements in solutions of HCl and HF are discussed. The results indicate greater than 70% of the Ti, Na, K, Mg, Hf, Th and Fe is associated with the aluminosilicate matrix. More than 70% of the Ca, Sc, Sr, La, the rare earth elements, and probably Ni appears to be associated with an acid-soluble phase, which has the same particle size distribution as the aluminosilicate phases. More than 70% of the As, Se, Mo, Zn, Cd, W, V, U and Sb are associated with surface material on the ash particles. The elements Mn, Be, Cr, Cu, Co, Ga, Ba and Pb are intermediate in behavior, i.e., distributed about equally between matrix and nonmatrix material. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0

7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 198102 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/02796 917 TITLE: Cell-free extract(s) of Pseudomonas putida catalyzes the conversion of cyanides, cyanates, thiocyanates, formamide, and cyanide-containing mine waters into ammonia. AUTHORS: BABU G RV VIJAYA OK ROSS VL WOLFRAM JH CHAPATWALA KD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Nat. Sci., Selma Univ., Selma, AL 36701, USA. SOURCE: APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY; 45 (1-2). 1996. 273-277. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Our isolate, Pseudomonas putida, is known to be capable of utilizing cyanides as the sole source of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) both in the form of free cells and cells immobilized in calcium alginate. In the present study, the cell-free extract(s) were prepared from the cells of P. putida grown in the presence of sodium cyanide. The ability of enzyme(s) to convert cyanides, cyanates, thiocyanates, formamide and cyanide-containing mine waters into ammonia (NH3) was studied at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5. The kinetic analysis of cyanide and formamide conversion into NH3 at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5 by the cell-free extract(s) of P. putida was also studied. The Km and Vmax values for cyanide/formamide were found to be 4.3/8 mM and 142/227 mumol NH3 released mg protein-1 min-1 respectively at pH 7.5 and 5/16.67 mM and 181/434 mumol NH3 released mg protein-1 h-1 respectively at pH 9.5. The study thus concludes that the cell-free extract(s) of P. putida is able to metabolize

not only cyanide MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENZYMES/ANALYSIS ENZYMES/CHEMISTRY ENZYMES/PHYSIOLOGY METABOLISM ENERGY METABOLISM RESPIRATION MINERALS/METABOLISM NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Enzymes-Methods Enzymes-Chemical and Physical Enzymes-Physiological Studies Metabolism-General Metabolism Metabolism-Energy and Respiratory Metabolism Metabolism-Minerals

Nutrition-General Studies Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14763-77-0 14763-77-0 14402-89-2 13943-58-3 13746-66-2 3017-60-5 917-61-3 590-28-3 557-21-1 556-61-6 540-72-7 506-64-9 333-20-0 151-50-8 143-33-9 75-12-7 75-05-8 60-35-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AMBID ENTRY MONTH: 199606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/13452 918 TITLE: Cobalt exposure level and variability in the hard metal industry of Japan. AUTHORS: KUMAGAI S KUSAKA Y GOTO S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Occupational Health, Osaka Prefectural Inst. Public Health, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537, Japan. SOURCE: AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL; 57 (4). 1996. 365-369.

ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Cobalt used as a binder for tungsten carbide, has been demonstrated to be toxic to the lung and to be a sensitizer of the bronchial airways among hard metal workers. To determine cobalt exposure levels in 9 job groups at a hard metal factory, 935 samples were collected from 356 workers. The arithmetic means of 8-hr time-weighted averages were more than 50 mug/m3 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists' threshold limit value) in the powder preparation, rubber press, and shaping groups. The within-worker and between-worker components of exposure variation were estimated for each job group using the random effects analysis-of-variance model. The geometric standard deviations indicating the within-worker and between-worker components ranged from 1.88 to 2.77 and 1.00 to 2.31, respectively. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IMMUNITY, CELLULAR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Immunology and Immunochemistry-Immunopathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 199606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/13922 919 TITLE: In-Depth Survey Report: Control Technology Assessment for the Welding Operations at Cleveland Range, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, Report No. CT-214-11a AUTHORS: Wallace ME Sheehy JW

Wilson RR Jr SOURCE: Engineering Control Technology Branch, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, NIOSH, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. CT-214-11a, 35 pages, 16 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: Engineering controls which may be used to reduce the exposure of workers to fumes during welding operations were evaluated at Cleveland Range, Inc. (SIC-3556), Cleveland, Ohio. The facility manufactured steam ovens. Fume extraction guns were used to control some of the exposure. Welding processes used included gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, and flux cored arc welding. The NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Value (TLV) levels were exceeded for iron (7439896), manganese (7439965), or nickel (7440020) on various occasions. For the flux cored arc welders, all four exceeded the TLV level of 0.2mg/m3 for manganese and one exceeded the 0.015mg/m3 level for nickel and the 5mg/m3 level for iron-oxide (1309371). The gas metal arc welders were exposed to nickel at levels exceeding 0.015mg/m3. The ventilation system did reduce exposure levels, but not to recommended limits. The usefulness of the extraction system to capture welding fume was adversely affected by using overhead and standing fans in the welding areas. KEYWORDS: DCN-230701 NIOSH Publication NIOSH Author NIOSH Survey Field Study CT 214 11a Region 5 Control technology Occupational exposure Welding industry Arc welders Gas welders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-89-6 7439-89-6 7439-96-5 7440-02-0 1309-37-1 ENTRY MONTH: 199611 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00230275 920 TITLE: Alveolar macrophages accumulate iron and ferritin after in vivo exposure to iron or tungsten dusts.

AUTHORS: WESSELIUS LJ SMIRNOV IM NELSON ME O'BRIEN-LADNER AR FLOWERS CH SKIKNE BS AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Med., Kansas City Dep. Veterans Affairs Med. Cent., 4801 Linwood Blvd., Kansas City, MO 64128, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE; 127 (4). 1996. 401-409. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Extracellular iron present in alveolar structures may contribute to oxidative lung injury induced by toxic mineral dusts by enhancing dust-induced generation of hydroxyl radicals. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) can sequester iron within ferritin and limit generation of hydroxyl radicals. In the current study we sought to assess whether AMs accumulate iron and ferritin after in vivo exposure to a dust with high iron content, to iron oxide, or to an inflammatory dust, calcium tungstate. We performed lung lavage 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days after intratracheal instillation of mineral dust in saline solution or instillation of saline solution alone and quantitated cell recovery and AM content of iron and ferritin. Instillation of iron oxide increased neutrophil recovery only on day 1 when compared with results in controls, whereas calcium tungstate increased neutrophil recovery through day 14. AMs recovered after instillation of iron oxide contained increased amounts of iron a MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Minerals

Metabolism-Minerals Blood Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General In Vitro Studies Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7790-75-2 7790-75-2 7440-33-7 7439-89-6 1345-25-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JLCMA ENTRY MONTH: 199606 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/14335 921 TITLE: Atmospheric heavy metal pollution in Slovenia derived from results for epiphytic lichens. AUTHORS: JERAN Z JACIMOV R BATIC F SMODIS B WOLTERBEEK HT AUTHOR ADDRESS: J. Stefan Inst., Jamova 39, 61111 Ljobljana, Slovenia. SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 354 (5-6). 1996. 681-687. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In 1992, a monitoring survey has been started on the national scale in Slovenia using the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. The primary aim has been to analyse lichens using the ko-based INAA method to obtain information about the levels of elements in the atmosphere and to identify significant pollution sources. Monte Carlo-Assisted Factor Analysis was applied to a data set of the 28 elements As, Ag, Ba, Br, Ce, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Ga, Hf, Hg, K, La, Mo, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Sm, Tb, Th, U, W and Zn, which have been selected from the elements determined as the most important ones for the identification of pollution sources. A Monte Carlo approach has been used to give more insight into the uncertainties and significance levels of the factor analysis results. It has been found that concentration patterns in

lichens yielded 9 factors (source types) which are presented and discussed in detail. The geographical patterns of the contributions of all factors ar MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION LICHENS KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Lichenes CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng

CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/15898 922 TITLE: Nitrate poisoning in cattle: 5. The effect of tungsten on nitrite formation by rumen microbes. AUTHORS: KORZENIOWSKI A GEURINK JH KEMP A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cent. Agrobiol. Res., Wageningen, Neth. SOURCE: NETH J AGRIC SCI; 28 (1). 1980. 16-19. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Experiments performed in vitro on rumen fluid demonstrated an appreciable inhibition in nitrate reductase activity in rumen microbes achieved by addition of sodium tungstate. The rate of nitrite formation in rumen fluid was decreased by about 86% if 20 mumol of Na2WO4 were added per l, in the case of 100 and 500 mu mol of Na2WO4 per l rumen fluid no nitrite accumulation was observed. This inhibitory effect was overcome in the case of elevated Mo levels. Introductory experiments performed on cows confirmed these in vitro findings. W could be a very promising preventative of nitrite intoxication (from fodder contamination) in ruminants. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14797-65-0 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 CODEN: NETMA ENTRY MONTH: 198104 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/04913 923 TITLE: Copper in pulmonary tissue during experimental pneumoconiosis. AUTHORS:

DZHANGOZINA DM SOURCE: GIG TR PROF ZABOL; 16 (4). 1972 32-35 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The Cu content in the pulmonary tissue of rats during silicosis and pneumoconiosis produced by mixed industrial dust was studied. Experimental pneumoconiosis was induced by intratracheal introduction of quartz, tungsten-containing, rock, coal (50 mg) and malachite (10 mg) dust. The malachite dust contained 14.55% Cu. Test animals were sacrificed in 1, 3 and 6 mo. An increase in Cu content took place at all periods and in all series, but the mechanism was obscure. Accumulation of Cu was of endogenous origin and accorded well with the synthesis of proteins of "non-collagenous" nature and depended upon the intensity of inflammatory changes in the pulmonary tissue. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 CODEN: GTPZA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/73/04742 924 TITLE: Epileptogenic Effects Of Pure Metals Implanted In Motor Cortex Of Monkeys AUTHORS: Chusid JG Kopeloff LM SOURCE: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 17, pages 697-700, 6 references, 19621962 ABSTRACT: The clinical epileptogenic effects of 26 pure metals were evaluated in Macaca-mulatta-monkeys. Metals were implanted as pellets or as irregularly shaped fragments into the superficial pre central motor cortex of both cerebral hemispheres. Mercury (7439976) was injected intracerebrally 5 to 10 millimeters below the cortical surface. Monkeys were observed for 12 to 23 months and received periodic testing by intramuscular pentamethylenetetrazole, intravenous picrotoxin, and serial electroencephalograms (EEGs). Seizure responses were graded and EEGs were classified by type and degrees of abnormality. Postmortem examinations were made on brains. Metals that were toxic caused death in treated animals, and included nickel (7440020), antimony (7440360), cadmium (7440439), and thallium (7440280). Pentamethylenetetrazole produced seizures in monkeys treated with antimony, nickel, bismuth (7440699), titanium (7440326), cadmium, tantalum (7440257), zirconium (7440677), vanadium (7440622), and aluminum (7429905). Antimony and nickel were the most reactive. Picrotoxin readily produced seizures in monkeys treated

with bismuth, and occasionally in monkeys treated with antimony, nickel, tin (7440315), titanium, cadmium, zirconium, gold (7440575), iron (7439896), vanadium, mercury, molybdenum (7439987), and tungsten (7440337). With the majority of metals, meningeal cerebral cicatrix was seen at the implantation site with a fibrous capsule that enveloped the metal and was incorporated into the meninges. Lead (7439921) pellets migrated down through the frontal lobe. More extensive tissue reactions were seen with nickel, copper (7440508), mercury, antimony, and cadmium. Spike and sharp wave intensities were seen infrequently, usually in association with slow waves, and occurred with silver (7440224), manganese (7439965), aluminum, and silicon (7440213). The authors conclude that most of the 26 metals were well tolerated after implantation. KEYWORDS: DCN-124621 Animal studies In vivo study Physiological response Biological effects Physiological testing Toxic effects Biological factors Mortality data Dose response CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-97-6 7439-97-6 7440-02-0 7440-36-0 7440-43-9 7440-28-0 7440-69-9 7440-32-6 7440-25-7 7440-67-7 7440-62-2 7429-90-5 7440-31-5 7440-57-5 7439-89-6 7439-98-7 7440-33-7 7439-92-1 7440-50-8 7440-22-4 7439-96-5 7440-21-3 CODEN: JAPYAA ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1962 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00136426

925 TITLE: Comparison of metal concentrations in three species of mosses and metal freights in bulk precipitations. AUTHORS: THONI L SCHNYDER N KRIEG F AUTHOR ADDRESS: Forschungsstelle Umweltbeobachtung, Forchstrasse 100, CH-8132 Egg, Switzerland./POISONING SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 354 (5-6). 1996. 703-708. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Concentration of 25 trace metals in mosses (Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi and Hypnum cupressiforme) are compared with bulk deposition freights (Bergerhoff method) at 3 sites in Switzerland, one on the plateau, a second in the northern prealps and a third in the southern alps. The three moss species are interchangeable and the atmospheric background deposition can be estimated with sufficient accuracy for Ag, Al, As, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, La, Li, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Th, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Zn. For Hg this study does not give definite results. No seasonal differences in moss concentrations from spring to autumn can be shown. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Musci CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-50-8

7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-22-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/15900 926 TITLE: Historical total and respirable silica dust exposure levels in mines and pottery factories in China. AUTHORS: DOSEMECI M MCLAUGHLIN JK CHEN J-Q HEARL F CHEN R-G MCCAWLEY M WU Z PENG K-L CHEN A-L REXING SH BLOT WJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Occupational Studies Section, Natl. Cancer Inst., Build. EPN, Room 418 Rockville, MD 20892, USA. SOURCE: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH; 21 (SUPPL. 2). 1995. 39-43. ABSTRACT:

BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Historical exposure estimates of total dust and respirable silica were made in a recent nested case-referent study of lung cancer among mine and pottery workers in China. Exposure to total dust and respirable silica was assessed in 20 mines and 9 pottery factories. The average total dust concentration was 7.26 mgerage respirable silica dust was 1.22 mgom 3.89 mghe highest respirable silica dust occurred in the underground mining operations (1.43 mgers (9.03 mgad the highest respirable silica dust exposure (1.75 mg while the lowest exposure occurred in copper-iron mines (0.32 mg MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ENVIRONMENT GEOLOGY RESEARCH MINERALS DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY DRUG ADMINISTRATION ROUTES POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY NEOPLASMS/PATHOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION DISEASE RESERVOIRS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Subterranean Bioresearch (1972- ) Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Routes of Immunization Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Pathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Disease Vectors-Inanimate Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 7440-50-8 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: SWEHD ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/15984 927 TITLE: Disposal strategies for municipal solid waste incineration residues. AUTHORS: HJELMAR O AUTHOR ADDRESS: VKI, Water Quality Inst., Agern Alle 11, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; 47 (1-3). 1996. 345-368. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An overview is presented of the various types of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) residues produced, their characteristics and their leaching properties. It is established that short- and long-term leaching and release of contaminants constitute the most important potential environmental problems related to disposal of MSWI residues. A set of basic principles of waste disposal or leachate management strategy which takes the specific properties of the various types of residues into account and which may lead to sustainable waste disposal solutions is presented and discussed. Application of these principles to MSWI residues indicates that an environmentally sustainable disposal solution for MSWI bottom ash and air pollution control (APC) residues in the long term should be based on a controlled contaminant release strategy, i.e. a strategy which allows the leachate to leak into the surroundings at a controlled and environmentally acceptable rate. Leachate collecti MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY HEAT HEATING POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General External Effects-Temperature Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Public Health: Environmental Public Health: Environmental CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 16887-00-6 16887-00-6 14808-79-8

as a Primary Variable-Hot (1971- ) Industrial Toxicology Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Health-Air

14798-03-9 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7664-41-7 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JHMAD ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/16049 928 TITLE: Comparison of direct alpha spectrometry and neutron activation analysis of aerosol filters for determination of workplace thorium air concentrations. AUTHORS: HOETZL H RIEDMANN W WEINMUELLER K WINKLER R AUTHOR ADDRESS: GSF-Forschungszentrum Neuherberg, Inst. Strahlenschutz, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany.

SOURCE: HEALTH PHYSICS; 70 (5). 1996. 651-655. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Direct alpha spectrometry with three different filter types was investigated for the determination of thorium air concentrations at workplaces in the manufacturing process of discharge lamps containing thoriated tungsten electrodes. The method was compared with neutron activation analysis over an activity range of five orders of magnitude. Within the experimental limits of error, both methods were found to be comparable with respect to sensitivity and accuracy. The advantage of direct alpha spectrometry, however, is that it is less laborious than neutron activation analysis and that it supplies information on the degree of radioactive equilibrium of the thorium series, which is important with regard to the estimation of dose. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES RADIATION DOSAGE HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HLTPA ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/17175 929 TITLE: Comparison of Direct Alpha Spectrometry and Neutron Activation Analysis of

Aerosol Filters for Determination of Workplace Thorium Air Concentrations AUTHORS: Hotzl H Riedmann W Weinmuller K Winkler R SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 70, No. 5, pages 651-655, 20 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: A comparative study of the sensitivity and accuracy of direct alpha spectrometry (DAS) and neutron activation analysis (NAA) to determine thorium (7440291) in particulate dusts collected on aerosol filters was performed. Total particulate dusts collected on 15 centimeter diameter cellulose-acetate filters with 8 millimeter pore sizes, glass fiber filters, and quartz fiber filters that were placed in front of workplaces during the manufacture of thoriated tungsten electrodes were analyzed for thorium-232 (7440291) (Th232) activity by DAS and NAA. Within the limits of experimental error, DAS and NAA appeared to have comparable accuracy and sensitivity. The overall correlation between the two methods was 97.3%. DAS could determine the equilibrium ratio between Th232 and its decay product thorium-228 (34293726) (Th228) on the filters. The overall mean Th232h228 ratio on the three filter types was found to be 1.6. The authors conclude that DAS of aerosol filters exposed at workplaces where thoriated materials are handled is suitable for monitoring exposure to Th232. Compared with NAA, DAS is less labor intensive because no time consuming sample preparation and neutron source are needed. DAS can also provide information on the degree of radioactive equilibrium in the thorium decay series. KEYWORDS: DCN-231439 Radionuclides Air filters Radiation monitoring Radioactive heavy metals Occupational exposure Alpha counters Neutron activation spectrometry Dust analysis Particulates CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 7440-29-1 7440-29-1 34293-72-6 CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199702 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00231013

930 TITLE: Distribution of 23 elements in the kidney, liver and lungs of workers from a smeltery and refinery in north Sweden exposed to a number of elements and of a control group. AUTHORS: BRUNE D NORDBERG G WESTER PO AUTHOR ADDRESS: N1OM, Scandinavian Inst. Dental Materials, Oslo 3, Norway. SOURCE: SCI TOTAL ENVIRON; 16 (1). 1980. 13-36. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The levels of Sb, As, Cd, Cs, Cr, Co, Cu, Au, Fe, La, Pb, Mn, Hg, Mo, P, Rb, Sc, Se, Ag, Te, Sn, W and Zn in the kidney, liver and lungs of autopsy specimens from exposed workers in North Sweden, as well as from a control group were assayed quantitatively. The workers had been exposed to several elements and their compounds, e.g., Pb, Hg, As and Cd, for long periods in As, Pb or Se plants and in a Pb or Cu smelter. The chemical analysis was by neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Median levels of Sb, As, Cd, Cr, Co, La, Pb or Se in kidney, liver or lungs in the exposed worker group were about 2-16 times as great as the corresponding levels for the control group. Long biological half-life values were observed for these elements, especially in lung tissue. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7440-66-6 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 CODEN: STEVA

ENTRY MONTH: 198105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/06092 931 TITLE: GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION ORIGINATED IN AIR POLLUTION-ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION AUTHORS: GOMEZ-MARTOS M NAVARRO IANEZ JA SOURCE: ZOLLER, U. (ED.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION CONTROL SERIES, 11. GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION AND CONTROL. XII+712P. MARCEL DEKKER, INC.: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA; BASEL, SWITZERLAND. ISBN 0-8247-8991-1.; 11 (0). 1994. 131-152. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER HUMAN IMPACT HEAVY METALS SEDIMENTS EMISSIONS POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY HYDROLOGY CONTAMINATION AQUIFER SPAIN MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY FRESH WATER GASES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Social Biology Ecology Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air

Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Organisms-Unspecified Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10102-44-0 10102-44-0 10102-43-9 7723-14-0 7446-09-5 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 630-08-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EPCSE ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/18012 932 TITLE: LONG-TERM CHANGES IN THE FISH COMMUNITY OF NEUSIEDLER SEE BURGENLAND AUSTRIA AUTHORS: MIKSCHI E WOLFRAM G WAIS A SOURCE:

KIRCHHOFER, A. AND D. HEFTI (ED.). ADVANCES IN LIFE SCIENCES: CONSERVATION OF ENDANGERED FRESHWATER FISH IN EUROPE; SYMPOSIUM, BERN, SWITZERLAND, JULY 1994. XII+341P. BIRKHAEUSER VERLAG: BASEL, SWITZERLAND; NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA. ISBN 3-7643-5321-X; ISBN 0-8176-5321-X.; 0 (0). 1996. 111-120. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER MEETING PAPER NATIONAL PARK HUMAN IMPACT LAKE EUTROPHICATION ALIEN SPECIES INTRODUCTIONS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES CONGRESSES BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY ECOLOGY FRESH WATER CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY MARINE BIOLOGY FISHES FISHES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions General Biology-Conservation General Biology-Symposia Social Biology Ecology Ecology Chordata Animal Distribution (1971- ) Osteichthyes Hominidae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 52672 ENTRY MONTH: 199607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/18046 933 TITLE: Experimental research into the pathogenesis of cobalt/hard metal lung disease. AUTHORS:

LISON D LAUWERYS R DEMEDTS M NEMERY B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Laboratorium Pneumol., Herestraat 49, K. U. Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. SOURCE: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL; 9 (5). 1996. 1024-1028. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In recent years clinical, epidemiological and experimental evidence has accumulated indicating that cobalt metal particles, when inhaled in association with other agents such as metallic carbides (hard metals) or diamond dust, may produce an interstitial lung disease termed "hard metal disease" or "cobalt lung". This article summarizes the progress accomplished in our two laboratories to understand the pathogenesis of this disease. Gaps and weaknesses in our current knowledge have also been highlighted in order to suggest potential avenues for further research. Whilst animal models have proved useful for the demonstration of the toxic synergy between cobalt and carbides (e.g. tungsten carbide), most animal models have remained descriptive and have not provided information on the mechanism for this synergy. In particular, the bizarre multinucleated giant cells which are an important hallmark of the human disease, have not been reproduced consistently in experimental anim MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): GASES BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-53-3 22541-53-3 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 7440-44-0 7439-89-6 1332-82-7

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ERJOE ENTRY MONTH: 199609 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/24704 934 TITLE: A Fatal Case of Hard-Metal Disease AUTHORS: Ruokonen E-L Linnainmaa M Seuri M Juhakoshi P Soderstrom K-O SOURCE: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Vol. 22, No. 1,pages 62-65, 22 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: A fatal case of hard metal disease in a 22 year old Finnish male tool grinder with no history of atopy or smoking was presented. After working for over 4 years in hard metal tool grinding, the patient began to experience a dry cough and shortness of breath during physical exercise. Chest radiographs takenduring this time appeared normal at the time, but slight opacities were noted when the films were reviewed at a later date. Several months later, the patient's airway resistance and specific airway conductance were 73% and 141% ofnormal values, respectively. The total lung capacity and lung volumes were alsovery low, but the subject continued to work. Clinically apparent alveolitis with recurrent pneumothorax developed several months afterward, and lung infiltrates were resistant to corticosteroid treatment. Open lung biopsy revealed carbon and birefringent crystals in the macrophages and fibrotic tissue, and tungsten-carbide (12070121) in dry lung tissue. The patients was diagnosed with irreversible pulmonary failure, and a bilateral lung transplantation was performed. Despite a successful operation without complications, the patient died 5 months later from pneumonia. An autopsy did not show signs of rejection or hard metal disease in the lungs. The authors conclude that the early stages of hard metal disease may show only minimal or misleading symptoms and findings, and recommend close monitoring and cessation of exposure for cobalt (7440484) exposed workers with respiratory symptoms. KEYWORDS: DCN-232366 Lung tissue Hard metal disease Toolmakers Case studies Occupational exposure

Clinical diagnosis Hard metals Respiratory system disorders CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7440-48-4 CODEN: SWEHDO ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00231941 935 TITLE: Hard metal lung disease: Importance of cobalt in coolants. AUTHORS: SJOGREN I HILLERDAL G ANDERSSON A ZETTERSTROM O AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Thoracic Med., Karolinska Sjukhuset, S-104 01 Stockholm 60, Swed. SOURCE: THORAX; 35 (9). 1980. 653-659. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Patients (4) reacted to occupational exposure to grinding of hard metal (tungsten carbide). Of the patients, 3 had symptoms and signs compatible with an allergic alveolitis, the symptoms disappearing and the chest radiograph clearing when they were absent from work for a few months. Re-exposure to the offending agent led to new signs and symptoms. The 1st patient was re-exposed twice and each time reached a little more seriously. After the last episode her chest radiograph did not clear completely, in contrast to the 1st 2 times. The 4th patient had more typical occupational asthma. All cases occurred in the part of the factory where air concentrations of Co were lowest. The Co there is dissolved in the coolant necessary for grinding the hard metal. It occurs mainly in the ionized form, which reacts with proteins and presumably acts as a hapten. Protective measures, including choosing a coolant with minimal ability to dissolve Co and an effective exhaust system, should minimize the risk of this occupational disease. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: THORA ENTRY MONTH: 198105

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/06459 936 TITLE: Determination of tungsten and its compounds in air. AUTHORS: SALYAMON GS KRASHENITSYNA LA SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 37 (2). 1972 78-79 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A catalytic method was used to analyze W-+6 in air. This photometric method, developed for analysis of W in solution, is based on the ability of W to accelerate the oxidation of KI by H202. A thermostat is recommended, since the optical density is temperature dependent. W (0.1 mug) can be detected in a sample. W dust, W anhydride, W carbide and W fluoride were determined in air. The catalytic method is more convenient than an alternative photometric method, which uses K thiocyanate and Ti trichloride. Both methods are described in detail. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7783-82-6 11130-73-7 1314-35-8 CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 197407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/74/00123 937 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENTS IN LAKES AUTHORS: BORG H SOURCE: SALBU, B. AND E. STEINNES (ED.). TRACE ELEMENTS IN NATURAL WATERS. XI+302P. CRC PRESS, INC.: BOCA RATON, FLORIDA, USA; LONDON, ENGLAND, UK. ISBN 0-8493-6304-7.; 0 (0). 1995. 177-201. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER HUMAN IMPACT HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY SAMPLING SEASONS

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS CIRCADIAN RHYTHM PERIODICITY CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ECOLOGY FRESH WATER BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Methods Circadian Rhythms and Other Periodic Cycles Ecology Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Organisms-Unspecified Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-22-4

7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 53109 ENTRY MONTH: 199609 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/25325 938 TITLE: TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE OCEANS AUTHORS: DONAT JR BRULAND KW SOURCE: SALBU, B. AND E. STEINNES (ED.). TRACE ELEMENTS IN NATURAL WATERS. XI+302P. CRC PRESS, INC.: BOCA RATON, FLORIDA, USA; LONDON, ENGLAND, UK. ISBN 0-8493-6304-7.; 0 (0). 1995. 247-281. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER HUMAN IMPACT COPPER ZINC CONTAMINATION POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY BIOGEOCHEMISTRY MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL HOMINIDAE

KEYWORDS: Ecology Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Organisms-Unspecified Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 23713-49-7 23713-49-7 23713-48-6 22541-55-5 22541-54-4 22537-56-0 22537-51-5 22537-48-0 22537-38-8 20074-52-6 18459-37-5 17428-41-0 17341-24-1 17181-37-2 15438-31-0 15158-11-9 14808-79-8 14265-44-2 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0

7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-16-6 7440-15-5 7440-10-0 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-04-2 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 53109 ENTRY MONTH: 199609 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/25328 939 TITLE: Notification of adverse health effects due to chemicals: Two different ways in Germany. AUTHORS: THUERAUF JR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Baden-Wuerttemberg, State Health Off., POB 102942, D-70025 Stuttgart, Germany. SOURCE:

INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; 68 (6). 1996. 436-441. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The reporting of adverse health effects caused by chemical substances is regulated in Germany by the Ordinance on Industrial Diseases and the Chemical Substances Act. This retrospective analysis is based on the latest available annual reports for the year 1993, published by the Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Order, the Employers' Liability Insurance Associations and the Federal Institute of Consumer Health Protection and Veterinary Medicine. The list of occupational diseases (first published in 1925) currently includes diseases caused by a group of 27 chemicals. In 1993 there were 3,835 (3.5%) reported cases of suspected intoxication. Chemical substances caused 1.5% of all occupational accidents. In addition to this traditional procedure, it has even been necessary for physicians to report intoxications and diseases due to household chemicals and diseases attributed to environmental causes since 1990. Nation-wide 805 cases were registered in 1993. These figures re MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): LEGISLATION ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION BIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY PATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Institutions Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 7782-41-4 7723-14-0 7440-62-2 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-28-0 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 1332-21-4 1306-01-0

630-08-0 120-12-7 106-51-4 100-42-5 98-54-4 75-15-0 71-43-2 67-56-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: IAEHD ENTRY MONTH: 199612 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/33891 940 TITLE: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cancer in Man AUTHORS: Mastrangelo G Fadda E Marzia V SOURCE: Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 104, No. 11, pages 1166-1170, 33 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: A review of studies concerning polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and cancer risk was presented. Ten epidemiological studies published between 1966 and 1996 were examined. Although some studies reported a dose dependent relationship between the level of occupational PAH exposure and the risk of developing lung or bladder cancers, in most of the case/control and cohort studies cited, the odds ratios and standardized incidence ratios for both lung and bladder cancers among workers of iron foundries, aluminum factories, and iron/copper, tungsten, or tin mines were not significant. In one case/control study, exposure to benzene soluble matter (BSM) was significantly related to an increased risk of lung cancer. In a study conducted among coke workers, the relative risks for lung cancer increased significantly with increasing BSM exposure. In a population based case/control study performed in an area with a large quantity of chemical factories, the odds ratios for bladder cancer were twice as high among individuals with definite exposure to aromatic amines than among those with possible exposure. In a cohort study conducted among aluminum workers, the relative risks for bladder cancer increased significantly with increasing cumulative BSM exposure. However, many study results were considered unreliable, due to such factors as the lack of quantitative data on PAH exposure, the selection of a biased reference group, and the lack of etiologically significant data and smoking information. The authors conclude that the more recent studies, which provide evidence for an increase in lung and bladder

cancers with occupational exposure to PAHs, are accurate. The current threshold limit values for PAHs should be lowered in order to reduce the risk of cancer in relevant industries. KEYWORDS: DCN-234606 Humans Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Cancer rates Lung cancer Bladder cancer Occupational exposure Risk factors Cigarette smoking Foundry workers Mine workers Coke oven workers CODEN: EVHPAZ ENTRY MONTH: 199707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00234182 941 TITLE: A HYPOTHESIS FOR THE MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS OF HEXANE NEUROPATHY AUTHORS: GRAHAM DG SHAW BR RICHARDS RG WOLFRAM JW SOURCE: 56TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NEUROPATHOLOGISTS, NEW ORLEANS, LA., USA, JUNE 13-15, 1980. J NEUROPATHOL EXP NEUROL; 39 (3). 1980. 356. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT PROTEIN 2 5 HEXANEDIONE KINETICS IN-VITRO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 110-54-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JNENA ENTRY MONTH: 198111 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/13630 942 TITLE: DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN RADIOACTIVE AND TOXIC MATERIALS BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY AUTHORS: PILON F LORTHIOIR S BIROLLEAU J-C LAFONTAN S SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 11 (9). 1996. 759-764. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE METHODOLOGY TOXICOLOGY GLOVE-BOX INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY TRACE ELEMENT DETERMINATION RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL CONSTITUENT TOXIC MATERIAL CONSTITUENT TOXIC MATERIAL TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS PLUTONIUM BERYLLIUM ANALYTICAL METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES RADIATION DOSAGE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14596-10-2 14596-10-2 14191-71-0 13494-80-9 7782-50-5 7782-41-4 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-50-8

7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-27-9 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-09-7 7440-07-5 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199612 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/35336 943 TITLE: Toxicological investigations in the semiconductor industry: IV: Studies of the subchronic oral toxicity and genotoxicity of vacuum pump oils contaminated by waste products from aluminum plasma etching processes. AUTHORS: BAUER S WOLFF I WERNER N SCHMIDT R BLUME R PELZING M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Martin Luther University, Inst. Environ. Toxicol., Franzosenweg 1a D-06097 Halle, Germany. SOURCE: TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH; 11 (5). 1995. 523-541. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Dry etching processes in semiconductor manufacturing use ionized gases in closed reactors at pressures below 1 torr. Vacuum pump systems that service the reaction chambers are potential

sources of exposure to complex mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds. These mixtures consist of unused process gases and process by-products that condense and accumulate in the vacuum pump oils. To evaluate potential hazards of dry etch vacuum equipment, a contaminated vacuum pump oil sample from a BCl3l2 etching process was analyzed. The waste oil was administered by gavage for 14 or 28 days to male and female Wistar rats. Neither death nor behavioral changes occurred after subchronic treatment or during a 14-day posttreatment period Only slight effects on body weights, clinical chemistry, and hematology data were seen in the exposed animals, although the livers of all waste oil-exposed rats of both sexes showed remarkable hypertrophic degenerations. Genotoxicological investigatio MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS/GENETICS BIOCHEMISTRY MOUTH DISEASES/PATHOLOGY TOOTH DISEASES/PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal Biochemical Studies-General Dental and Oral Biology-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 29082-74-4 29082-74-4 25329-35-5 20925-85-3 16212-28-5 7440-67-7 7440-62-2 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-21-3 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 6065-95-8 2176-62-7 1888-71-7 706-78-5 594-90-1 127-18-4 118-74-1 87-68-3 77-47-4 67-72-1

LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TIHEE ENTRY MONTH: 199701 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/36712 944 TITLE: A SOLDIER WHO HAD SEIZURES AFTER DRINKING QUARTER OF A LITRE OF WINE AUTHORS: MARQUET P FRANCOIS B VIGNON P LACHATRE G SOURCE: LANCET (NORTH AMERICAN EDITION); 348 (9034). 1996. 1070. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM CASE STUDY NOTE HUMAN SOLDIER ADULT MALE PATIENT DIAZEPAM ANTICONVULSANT-DRUG SEIZURE WINE TOXICOLOGY TUNGSTEN HEAVY METAL INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROMETRY HEMODIALYSIS NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC METHOD THERAPEUTIC METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): URINE/CHEMISTRY DIAGNOSIS NERVOUS SYSTEM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Urinary System and External Secretions-General Nervous System-General Toxicology-General Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: LANAA ENTRY MONTH: 199701 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/38068 945 TITLE: Dose Equivalents to Neutron Therapy Facility Staff due to Induced Activation AUTHORS: Yudelev M Maughan RL Jordan LE Saxena R SOURCE: Health Physics, Vol. 72, No. 3, pages 361-367, 17 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: A study of dose equivalent radiation doses received by the staff of a neutron therapy facility as a result of induced activation was conducted. Activation spectra and dose equivalent radiation rates (DERs) in the treatment room were measured at the fast neutron therapy unit of the Gershenson Radiation Oncology Center, Harper Hospital, Detroit, Michigan. The neutron radiation instrument consisted of a superconducting cyclotron which produced the neutron beam by bombarding an internal beryllium target with 48.5 mega electron volt deuterons. The activation spectra were measured by a reverse electrode coaxial closed end type high purity germanium detector. The activation levels in the treatment room were measured using an ionizing type survey meter. Individual DERs of the staff were monitored over a 2 year period. Peaks corresponding to aluminum-28 (14999043) (Al28), manganese-56 (14681528) (Mn56), sodium-24 (13982042) (Na24), and copper-64 (13981254) (Cu64) were detected in the activation spectra in the middle of the treatment vault. The Al28, Mn56, and Na24 peaks were detected 5 minutes after activation. In spectra recorded after 1.75 hours (hr), the Al28 peak was absent and the Mn64 and Cu64 peaks had appeared. A peak corresponding to tungsten-187 (14983483) was now detected. DERs in the treatment room measured on the collimator side of the instrument ranged up to 900 and 500 microsieverts per hour (microSv/hr) at the aluminum and steel collimator plates, respectively. At different locations in the treatment room, the DERs reached saturation after 4 to 5hr of irradiation, the highest levels, around 150microSv/hr, being measured at the collimator windows. The lowest levels were measured Monday morning after the weekend shutdown and the highest were measured at the end of each treatment day at the collimator aperture. None of the staff received radiation doses directly from the neutron beam. The individual monthly DERs ranged up to 4,900microSv with a mean value of 975microSv. The maximum number of fields treated in any month by an individual therapist was 570 and the mean was 131. The number of fields treated and the doses received by the therapists were linearly related. The authors conclude that the individual DERs received by personnel at this unit are comparable to those measured at other neutron therapy units. KEYWORDS: DCN-235774 Nuclear medicine Dosimetry Neutron radiation Occupational exposure Health care facilities

Radiological equipment Health care personnel Workplace monitoring CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14999-04-3 14999-04-3 14681-52-8 13982-04-2 13981-25-4 14983-48-3 CODEN: HLTPAO ENTRY MONTH: 199711 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00235349 946 TITLE: MOLYBDENUM ENZYMES IN THE RAT EFFECT OF TUNGSTEN ADMINISTRATION ON SULFITE OXIDASE AND XANTHINE OXIDASE AUTHORS: JOHNSON JL COHEN HJ RAJAGOPALAN KV SOURCE: FED PROC; 32 (3 PART 1). 1973 508 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT PLANT BACTERIA LIVER KIDNEY LUNG CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 CODEN: FEPRA ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/73/08005 947 TITLE: Radon, fluoride and 62 elements as determined by ICP-MS in 145 Norwegian hard rock groundwater samples. AUTHORS: REIMANN C

HALL G EM SIEWERS U BJORVATN K MORLAND G SKARPHAGEN H STRAND T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Geol. Survey Norway, P.O. Box 3006, Lade, N-7002 Trondheim, Norway. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 192 (1). 1996. 1-19. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hard rock groundwater (145) samples collected from private drinking water wells in the environs of Oslo and Bergen were analysed for their radon and fluoride contents. A further 62 elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). For 59 elements, more than 50% of all concentration values were above the detection limit. Characteristic differences between the Osloand Bergen-dataset can be shown to be related to host rock lithology. Variation in element contents generally spans 2-6 orders of magnitude. Concentrations of several elements (e.g. Ba, F, Fe, Mn, Na, Rn) exceed current drinking water action levels in a significant number of cases. High levels of other parameters such as Be, Mo, Th and U, which could have an impact on health, were observed. There are no Norwegian action levels currently defined for these elements. The economic and toxicological impacts of these findings require urgent assessment. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 20461-54-5 16984-48-8 14265-44-2 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2

7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199702 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/01611 948 TITLE: Use of flow injection cold vapour generation and preconcentration on coated graphite tubes for the determination of cadmium in sea-water by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: BERMEJO-BARRERA P MOREDA-PINEIRO J MOREDA-PINEIRO A BERMEJO-BARRERA A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Anal. Chem., Nutri. Bromatol., Fac. Chem., Univ. Santiago Compostela, Avenida Ciencias, s/n 15706, Santiago Compostela, Spain. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 11 (11). 1996. 1081-1086. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Methods were developed for the determination of ultratrace amounts of cadmium in sea-water by cold vapour/trapping and atomization in a graphite furnace. Iridium-, tungsten- and zirconium-coated graphite tubes were investigated for the in situ preconcentration of cadmium cold vapour. Hydrochloric acid (0.25 mol l-1) and sodium tetrahydroborate (2%) were used as carrier and reducing solutions, respectively. Cobalt, gallium and silicon were used as catalysts for cadmium species generation. By using iridium-coated graphite tubes and gallium as a catalyst, a characteristic mass of 3 pg and a detection limit of 4 ng l-1 were obtained for a 500 mul sample volume. The precision was between 0.2 (for unspiked sea-water) and 1.3% (for sea-water spiked with 0.5 mug l-1 of cadmium). The proposed method was applied to the determination of cadmium in several certified water reference materials and sea-water samples. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-43-9 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199702 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/01619 949 TITLE: Chironomid larval deformity frequencies, mortality, and diversity in heavy-metal contaminated sediments of a Canadian riverine wetland. AUTHORS: DICKMAN M RYGIEL G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol. Biodiversity, Univ. Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL; 22 (6). 1996. 693-703. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Sediment sampling at point source locations in the Niagara River watershed revealed an area in a Class One Provincially Significant Riverine Wetland that was located near the discharge of a stainless steel company. The site had unusually high concentrations of heavy metals and oily wastes in its sediments. The impacts of these oil and heavy metal contaminated sediments on an invertebrate population of midge (chironomid) larvae was assessed using both lab and field techniques. The midge larvae were the dominant invertebrates in this section of the river. Twenty-six percent of the chironomids from sites located 10 to 800 m downstream of the stainless steel company's point source were deformed. A lab study was carried out to determine what percentage of the observed deformities could be attributed to the heavy metal content of the sediments and what percentage was due to the organic fraction. Sediments collected near the point source were tested and found to be acutely tox MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ANIMAL EMBRYO FETAL DISEASES HUMAN LARVA EMBRYOLOGY ABNORMALITIES EMBRYOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION ANIMAL DISEASE INSECTS/PARASITOLOGY DIPTERA KEYWORDS: Ecology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Developmental Biology-Embryology-Pathological Developmental Biology-Embryology-Descriptive Teratology and Teratogenesis Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Invertebrata Diptera CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 13494-80-9 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVID ENTRY MONTH: 199702

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/01966 950 TITLE: Elemental composition of some land snail shells (Mollusca, Gastropoda) and observations of environmental interest. AUTHORS: GARDENFORS U BIGNERT A CARELL B FORBERG S MUTVEI H WESTERMARK T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Wildlife Ecol., PO Box 7002, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. SOURCE: BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT OCEANOGRAPHIQUE (MONACO); 0 (SPEC. ISSUE 14 PART 4). 1996. 143-150. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Shells from three land snail species (Cepaea hortensis, Cochlodina laminata and Clausilia bidentata) were analysed for elemental composition. Fifty-three elements were indicated and 43 quantified. Elements N, K, Na and Sr were found in levels of 100 mug g-1 or more. In some samples this was also the case for Mn, S and P. Many elements were lower than 1 mug g-1 and some were even as low as the ng g-1 level. It is emphasized that an element has to pass two barriers to reach the shell: from the environment to the body (hemolymph/tissue), and from the body to the shell. Different degrees of homeostatic regulations and chemical gradients at these barriers will affect the concentration of elements in the shell. The herbivorous nature of the land snail is clearly mirrored in the elemental composition of the shell. The possibilities and prerequisites for using land snail shells as environmental archives are discussed. Shell elemental concentrations of K, Cs, Mn, Zn, Cd and Ag MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ANIMALS ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE ANIMAL MOLLUSCA/PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY INVERTEBRATES

MOLLUSCA KEYWORDS: Ecology Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Invertebrata Invertebrate Body Regions and Structures-Hard Parts (1971- ) Gastropoda CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 17778-88-0 13494-80-9 7782-49-2 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5

7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BULCA ENTRY MONTH: 199703 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/04071 951 TITLE: Human Toxicity of Cobalt-Containing Dust and Experimental Studies on the Mechanism of Interstitial Lung Disease (Hard Metal Disease) AUTHORS: Lison D SOURCE: CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Vol. 26, No. 6, pages 585-616, 163 references, 1996 ABSTRACT: Findings on the human toxicity of cobalt (7440484) containing dust and related studies on the mechanisms of interstitial lung disease were reviewed. Specific topics that were addressed included sources of exposure, biological properties of cobalt, toxicological properties, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies, exposure monitoring, and experimental studies, both in-vivo and in-vitro, on the mechanism of lung parenchymal toxicity. Toxicological properties of cobalt were discussed as they relate to the respiratory tract (upper respiratory tract, bronchial tree, and lung), parenchyma, skin, cardiovascular system, erythropoiesis, thyroid gland, other organs. Findings were dependent on the type of exposure, (pure cobalt dusts, such as in a cobalt refinery, versus mixed particles, such as in the hard metal industry). The evidence indicated that the risk of developing a fibrosing alveolitis occurred only when cobalt metal was inhaled in association with other dusts such as tungsten-carbide (12070121). Asthma and airway manifestations occurred more frequently than alveolitis among hard metal workers. The toxicity of hard metals was apparently due not only to their cobalt content, but also to the interaction between cobalt metal and carbide particles that generated toxic oxygen radicals. The author concludes that permissible exposure levels for cobalt dusts might vary depending on whether exposure is to pure cobalt particles or to hard metals. KEYWORDS: DCN-237254 Occupational exposure Toxic materials Toxic effects

Cobalt compounds Worker health Health hazards Hard metal disease Hard metal workers Dust exposure Lung disease CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 12070-12-1 CODEN: CRTXB2 ENTRY MONTH: 199801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00236829 952 TITLE: Neutron activation analysis of some biological environmental materials. AUTHORS: FREITAS MC JUSTINO J GREGO J AUTHOR ADDRESS: I NETI, inst. Ciencias e Engenharia Nucleares, Dep. Quim., 2685 Sacavem, Portugal. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 173-174 (1-6). 1995. 1-5. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Some biological candidate reference materials were recently or are now being certified for use in quality control of trace element analysis in environmental studies. In this work, the elemental concentration was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for the materials lichen, poplar leaves, oak tree leaves, eucalyptus leaves and pine needles. As an application of pollution studies, samples of soil and strawberry plants treated with methylbromide as a disinfectant were analysed by INAA. The results evidence contamination with bromide; after several treatments the soil accumulates bromide giving rise to phytoxicity. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM SOIL FRUIT TREES ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER LICHENS PLANTS PLANTS PLANTS PLANTS KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) Horticulture-Small Fruits Forestry and Forest Products Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Lichenes Coniferopsida Fagaceae Myrtaceae Salicaceae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-53-1 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9

7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7439-97-6 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 74-83-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/06082 953 TITLE: Hard Metal Lung Disease and Pneumothorax AUTHORS: Wahbi ZK Arnold AG Newman Taylor AJ SOURCE: Respiratory Medicine, Vol. 91, No. 2, pages 103-105, 7 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: A case of spontaneous pneumothorax associated with hard metal lung (HML) disease was described. A 26 year (yr) old male never smoker was evaluated for sudden onset dyspnea. A chest X-ray showed extensive shadowing in both lung fields with a large left pneumothorax. Insertion of an intercostal tube into the patient's left pleural space failed to resolve the pneumothorax. A thoractomy was performed 2 weeks later. A biopsy taken from the lingula revealed changes characteristic of giant cell interstitial lung disease. He had been employed in a small workshop for 8yr grinding tungsten-carbide tips with diamonds. He performed dry and wet grinding, using a soluble oil and water mix, but reported not wearing a mask. The grinding machines were fitted with exhaust ventilation systems; however, investigations revealed that the exhaust systems were ineffective. Urinary cobalt (7440484) excretion by workers employed at the grinding machines was within normal limits. Ambient cobalt dust concentrations in the work room air were high. Pulmonary function testing showed a restrictive ventilatory defect. A computed tomography examination of the patient's thorax showed extensive reticulonodular shadowing, primarily in the mid zones, along with linear shadowing in the upper zones and several cystic air spaces. After 18 months of treatment

with oral corticosteroids, the patient's symptoms and abnormal signs resolved. The abnormalities on his chest X-ray had largely resolved, but pulmonary function testing still showed impaired gas transfer. The authors conclude that this case demonstrates that the possibility of there being an underlying respiratory disease should be considered in all cases of apparently spontaneous primary pneumothorax. KEYWORDS: DCN-237761 Hard metal disease Case studies Abrasive grinding Clinical symptoms Industrial hygiene Hard metals Respiratory system disorders Metallic dusts Occupational exposure Pulmonary function tests CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: RMEDEY ENTRY MONTH: 199806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00237337 954 TITLE: Distribution of toxic and radiation components in air particulates. AUTHORS: RAUSCH H SZIKLAI IL BOROSSAY J TORKOS K RIKKER T ZEMPLEN-PAPP E AUTHOR ADDRESS: KFKI Atomic Energy Res. Inst., Hung. Acad. Sci., P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. SOURCE: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT; 173-174 (1-6). 1995. 283-291. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The concentrations of several toxic heavy metals and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various types of Hungarian fly-ash fine particulates were investigated by means of instrumental neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis and gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry. Within a power station, particulate samples were taken from the boiler zone (BO), from the

electrostatic dust filter chamber (FI) and from the flue-gas at the top of the stack (ST). Enrichment rates of the toxic metals both in FI and ST particulate fractions related to the BO concentrations were calculated to enable the temperature dependence on the adsorption of the toxic components to be studied. In addition, both the total amounts of the VOCs and their partial distributions in accordance with the number of carbon atoms were also studied in fly-ash particulates. From them, 31 organic species were identified and determined. Since Hungarian brown coals have high uranium and th MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES RADIATION CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION RADIATION DOSAGE KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Environmental Health-Radiation Health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 98060-54-9 98060-54-9 25551-13-7 25550-14-5 7782-49-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0

7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 1330-20-7 1120-21-4 629-78-7 629-62-9 629-59-4 629-50-5 544-76-3 124-18-5 112-40-3 111-84-2 91-20-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: STEND ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/06202 955 TITLE: Lung retention and bioavailability of arsenic after single intratracheal administration of sodium arsenite, sodium arsenate, fly ash and copper smelter dust in the hamster. AUTHORS: BUCHET JP LAUWERYS RR YAGER JW AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs 30.54, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH; 17 (4). 1995. 182-188. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Arsenic is present in airborne particulate material released by coal-fired power plants and non-ferrous metal smelters. We have assessed whether the physico-chemical properties of arsenic in such particles play a role in its lung retention and uptake by the body. Female hamsters were given a single intratracheal instillation of fly ash or copper smelter dust suspensions (at doses of 50 or 100 mug As kg-1) or identical amounts of soluble tri- and pentavalent arsenic, in the presence or absence of an inert dust material (tungsten carbide). The concentration of the element was measured in a 24 hour urine sample collected on the 1st, 2nd and 6th day after treatment and arsenic

remaining in lung tissue was determined at the end of the same time periods. Both lung retention and urinary As excretion indicate a prolonged contact of the lung tissue with particulate As in contrast to soluble As salts. In addition to the effect of solubility described here, more research is needed MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS INFLAMMATION/PATHOLOGY MINERALS/METABOLISM UROLOGIC DISEASES/PATHOLOGY UROLOGIC DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MICROTINAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Pathology Metabolism-Minerals Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Cricetidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7784-46-5 7784-46-5 7631-89-2 7440-38-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EGHEE ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/96/06288 956 TITLE: RESPONSE OF MICROBIOTA TO THE PRESENCE OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL AUTHORS: FUJIHARA MP GARLAND TR WILDUNG RE

DRUCKER H SOURCE: ABSTR ANNU MEET AM SOC MICROBIOL; 73. 1973 32 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT BACTERIA ACTINOMYCETES FUNGI CARBON DI OXIDE EVOLUTION SILVER MERCURY THALLIUM CHROMIUM COPPER COBALT TUNGSTEN LEAD CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 7439-97-6 7440-22-4 7440-28-0 7440-47-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: ASMAC ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/73/09885 957 TITLE: Deficiencies and toxicities of trace elements and micronutrients in tropical soils: Limitations of knowledge and future research needs. AUTHORS: DAVIES BE AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Geol. Sci., 340 Brackett Hall, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-1908, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY; 16 (1). 1997. 75-83. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This article reviews present knowledge concerning deficiencies and toxicities of trace elements and micronutrients in tropical soils. The myth that all tropical soils are highly leached and nutrient-poor is challenged. Continuing use of the term "laterite" by ecologists and geologists is criticized and adoption of "plinthite" is urged. The trace element content of plinthite and its possible influence on micronutrient availability are described. Micronutrient limitations of tropical agriculture are related to soil type and formation, and the special problem of aluminum toxicity in acid soils is discussed in both agricultural and ecological contexts. Studies of micronutrient cycling in tropical forests or savannas are needed to supplement the emerging picture of the complexities of major element cycles in these ecosystems. Interest in gold mining has stimulated studies

of the element in tropical soils, and mining of the metal is leading to mercury pollution in Amazonia. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION SOIL KEYWORDS: Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-55-5 22541-55-5 22537-23-1 22537-22-0 21175-08-6 20074-52-6 18540-29-9 16397-91-4 16065-87-5 16065-83-1 15706-44-2 15438-31-0 14546-48-6 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-55-3 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ETOCD ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/06061 958 TITLE: Trace element chemistry of major rivers in Orissa State, India. AUTHORS: KONHAUSER KO POWELL MA FYFE WS LONGSTAFFE FJ TRIPATHY S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Earth Sci., Univ. Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY; 29 (1-2). 1997. 132-141. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Geochemical analyses of surface waters from rivers flowing through Orissa State, India, indicated that trace element concentrations were extremely variable and consistently higher than world river average. The Brahmani River was the most solute-rich river studied, followed by the Baitarani and Mahanadi Rivers. Although all three rivers drain similar geology, the Brahmani River catchment is heavily industrialized, and water samples collected upstream and downstream from industries indicated that anthropogenic activity directly influenced its chemical composition. Samples collected from several towns, in all three river systems, did not invariably show similar patterns, with various elements having higher dissolved concentrations upstream. Because the concentration of total solids increased downstream, this implied that some components of the sewage had effectively sequestered available elements from solution and converted them to particulate material. Although the impact MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY FRESH WATER MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 20461-54-5 7723-14-0 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5

7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7429-91-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENGOE ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/09557 959 TITLE: The effects of welding parameters on ultraviolet light emissions, ozone and CrVI formation in MIG welding.

AUTHORS: DENNIS JH MORTAZAVI SB FRENCH MJ HEWITT PJ REDDING CR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Environ. Sci., Univ. Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK. SOURCE: ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE; 41 (1). 1997. 95-104. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This paper describes the relationships between ultra-violet emission, ozone generation and CrVI production in MIG welding which were measured as a function of shield gas flow rate, welding voltage, electrode stick-out and shield gas composition using an automatic welding rig that permitted MIG welding under reproducible conditions. The experimental results are interpreted in terms of the physico-chemical processes occurring in the micro- and macro-environments of the arc as part of research into process modification to reduce occupational exposure to ozone and CrVI production rates in MIG welding. We believe the techniques described here, and in particular the use of what we have termed u.v.-ozone measurements, will prove useful in further study of ozone generation and CrVI formation and may be applied in the investigation of engineering control of occupational exposure in MIG and other welding process such as Manual Metal Arc (MMA) and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG). MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation Effects and Protective Measures Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18540-29-9 18540-29-9 10028-15-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AOHYA ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

BIOSIS/97/09708 960 TITLE: Optical Sensor for Gaseous Ammonia with Tuneable Sensitivity AUTHORS: Grady T Butler T MacCraith BD Diamond D McKervey MA SOURCE: Analyst, Vol. 122, No. 8, pages 803-806, 16 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: A new optical sensor for detecting ammonia (7664417) was developed. The sensor consisted of plastic clad silica fibers onto which plasticized polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) film containing nitrophenylazophenol-calix(4)arene (NPCA) and lithium was deposited after removing the plastic cladding. The sensor was placed in a flow through cell into which known concentrations of ammonia in nitrogen were introduced. Light from a tungsten/halogen lamp was launched into the fibers using one lens to collimate the light and another to focus the light. A similar arrangement in reverse was used to collect light transmitted through the fibers. The light emerging from the fiber was transmitted through an optical fiber to a spectrometer that had a grating of 660 lines per millimeter and a model S1000 linear 1024 CCD array. The responses of the sensor to variations in the ammonia concentration were evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 520 nanometers. The sensor when fabricated with a lithium molar ratio of 10:1 could easily detect ammonia at a concentration of 10 parts per million (ppm). The sensitivity decreased as the mole ratio of lithium to NPCA in the complex decreased. Possible applications of the sensor include detecting and mapping the distribution of ammonia in large refrigeration units and developing low cost light emitting diode compatible compact ammonia sensors. The fact that the sensitivity of the sensor can be tuned by varying the lithium/NPCA ratio provides an additional degree of flexibility. KEYWORDS: DCN-239614 Analytical instruments Gas detectors Optic system Nitrogen compounds Equipment design Equipment reliability Spectrographic analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-41-7 CODEN: ANALAO ENTRY MONTH: 199808 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00239188 961 TITLE: PARTICULATE MATTER WITH AERODYNAMIC DIAMETERS SMALLER THAN 10 MUM MEASUREMENT METHODS AND SAMPLING STRATEGIES AUTHORS: CHOW JC WATSON JG DIVITA F JR SOURCE: KEITH, L. H. (ED.). PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING, SECOND EDITION. XXIX+848P. AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY: WASHINGTON, DC, USA. ISBN 0-8412-3152-4.; 0 (0). 1996. 539-573. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER METHODOLOGY PARTICULATE MATTER ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING METHODS ANALYTICAL METHODS POLLUTION AERODYNAMIC DIAMETERS AIR POLLUTANT SAMPLING METHOD MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 24959-67-9 24959-67-9 20461-54-5 16887-00-6 14808-79-8 14798-03-9 14797-55-8 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8

7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1333-86-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: 54556 ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/10409 962 TITLE: Obtaining of plant cell lines resistant to tungsten. AUTHORS: SERGEEVA LE TRUKHANOV VA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Plant Physiol. Genet., Natl. Acad. Sci. Ukr., ul. Vasil'kovskaya 31/17, Kiev 252022, Ukraine.

SOURCE: FIZIOLOGIYA I BIOKHIMIYA KUL'TURNYKH RASTENII; 29 (1). 1997. 51-55. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Resistant tobacco cell lines which possess viability for more than 3 years on the media with 1.5 or 2.0 mM selecting factor and which form regenerants have been chosen on selective media containing sodium tungstate. Soybean line, resistant to 0.8 mM of the same salt, preserves this resistance for more than one year. Within tobacco and soybean resistant lines a considerable delay in callus tissue grain and strong morphological changes of soybean callus have been found, correspondingly. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY PLANTS/GENETICS MINERALS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PLANTS/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PLANT DISEASES WEATHER LEGUMES PLANTS KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Plant Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Morphology Plant Physiology Phytopathology-Nonparasitic Diseases Leguminosae Solanaceae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: FBKRA ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/12149 963

TITLE: Hard metal lung disease and pneumothorax. AUTHORS: WAHBI ZK ARNOLD AG NEWMAN TAYLOR AJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Castle Hill Hosp., Castle Road, Cottingham, North Humberside HU16 5JQ, UK. SOURCE: RESPIRATORY MEDICINE; 91 (2). 1997. 103-105. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This case report describes a case of spontaneous pneumothorax in a metal grinder that failed to resolve with medical management. A lung biopsy taken during the subsequent thoracotomy revealed changes that were characteristic of giant cell interstitial pneumonia, as seen in hard metal disease. Pneumothorax has been described in many forms of interstitial lung disease but not in this type of occupational disease. Awareness of this possible association can result in: (1) the removal of an affected worker from his adverse work environment before advanced disease develops; and (2) the safe control of the work environment, to the advantage of other similarly exposed workers. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY THERAPEUTICS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: RMEDE ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/12235

964 TITLE: Studies of the Molecular Pathogenesis of Hexane Neuropathy. II. Evidence that Pyrrole Derivatization of Lysyl Residues Leads to Protein Crosslinking AUTHORS: Graham DG Anthony DC Boekelheide K Maschmann NA Richards RG Wolfram JW Shaw BR SOURCE: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 64, No. 3, pages 415-422, 33 references, 19821982 ABSTRACT: The molecular pathogenesis of hexane (110543) neuropathy was studied. 2,5-Hexanedione (110134) (2,5 HD) and ethanolamine (141435) were reacted and the reaction products were analyzed spectrophotometrically. 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,5-dimethylpyrrole was formed from the reaction and the pyrrole autoxidized to form an orange chromophore. The neurotoxicity of n-hexane and its metabolites was determined to be directly proportional to the serum concentration of 2,5HD. The reaction of 2,5HD with proteins resulted in specific derivatization of lysyl groups. This reaction led to intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinking. The authors suggest that the pathogenesis of n-hexane neuropathy can be seen as the result of a mass of covalently crosslinked neurofilaments progressively enlarging to the point that they become too large to move through Ranvier nodes. In large myelinated axons this accumulation causes axonal transport obstruction and degeneration of the more distal axon. KEYWORDS: DCN-181716 Analytical methods Analytical chemistry Laboratory techniques Chemical analysis Analytical instruments CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 110-54-3 110-54-3 110-13-4 141-43-5 CODEN: TXAPA9 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00126673

965 TITLE: Changes In Slow Bioelectrical Potentials Of Epileptogenic Foci Produced By Tungstic Acid Gel AUTHORS: Mori K SOURCE: Archiv fuer Japanische Chirurgie, Vol. 37, No. 5, pages 583-591, 20 references, 19681968 ABSTRACT: Mechanisms for the development of epileptiform activity were investigated. Tungstic-acid (11105116) gel was applied to the cortical surface of one hemisphere of the cat. Simultaneous recordings of steady potential (SP) shift and impedance, and electrocorticograms (ECGs) were carried out at the original and the secondary (projected) focus. To analyze the electrical field gradient associated with the surface atypical spike and wave complex, SP recording was performed by means of glass electrodes inserted at depth by steps of about 100 microns. Prior to the development of a well organized rapid paroxysmal activity in the ECG, the complex appeared and lasted for several hours with a gradual increase in frequency and amplitude. Complexes were also observed at the contralateral hemisphere. Well developed recurrent episodes of rapid paroxysmal discharges followed by electrical silence in the ECG appeared 10 to 20 hours after the development of the complex. On the side of the tungstic-acid gel application, the complex was usually associated with a negative SP shift of 2 to 5 milliVolts. Conversely, the SP shift observed at the contralateral cortical surface was positive in almost all cases. In the region of the tungstic-acid gel lesion, the direct current (DC) polarity of the cortical surface was predominantly negative. Polarity was reversed at a depth of 2.5 to 3.0 millimeters. In the contralateral region, changes in DC polarity were noticed within the extreme cortical layers. The author concludes that SP might reflect the neuronal excitation process, whereas impedance may be related primarily to the metabolic process. KEYWORDS: DCN-124821 Animal studies Brain electrical activity Brain disorders Neurological disease Medical research Tungsten compounds Biological effects Biophysics Electrical measurement CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11105-11-6 ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

NIOSH/00136672 966 TITLE: Development of a job exposure matrix in the French hard metal industry. AUTHORS: MOULIN JJ ROMAZINI S LASFARGUES G PELTIER A BOZEC C DEGUERRY P PELLET F WILD P PERDRIX A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Natl. Recherche et Securite, Serv. Epidemiol., Avenue Bourgogne, B.P. 27, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France. SOURCE: REVUE D'EPIDEMIOLOGIE ET DE SANTE PUBLIQUE; 45 (1). 1997. 41-51. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A job exposure matrix (JEM) was developed by a committee of experts using the DELPHI method, in the French hard metal industry, in order to assess occupational exposures to cobalt along with tungsten carbide resulting from the industrial process. This JEM is part of a nested case-control study, carried out within the historical cohort of workers ever employed in these factories, aimed at assessing lung cancer risk. The committee included 8 experts: hygienists, chemical engineers, occupational physicians and epidemiologists. The JEM was developed in four stages: (i) visit of factories, (ii) definition of lines (job-periods) and columns (exposures) of the JEM, (iii) definition of coding procedures, (iv) coding the cells of the JEM. This last stage used a method derived from the DELPHI method. Throughout the study period 1945-1994, 320 job-periods and 21 agents were defined. A quantitative assignment (level 0 to level 9) along with a frequency code (1 to 3) was attempted f MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: fre CODEN: RESPD ENTRY MONTH: 199706 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/12237 967 TITLE: Determination of palladium by a new preconcentration method (Mg-W cell)-electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. AUTHORS: OHTA K OGAWA J MIZUNO T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem. Materials, Fac. Engineering, Mie Univ., Tsu, Mie 514, Japan. SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 357 (7). 1997. 995-997. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A new concentration method for palladium using Mg-W cell-electrodeposition has been developed. The method was combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) with a tungsten tube atomizer. The detection limit of palladium by this method was 0.37 ng ml-1 (3 S). The severe interferences on the AAS signal of palladium caused by large amounts of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Na, Pb and Zn were eliminated by the Mg-W cell-electrodeposition method. The method was adapted for the determination of palladium in environmental samples. The recovery of palladium spiked environmental samples was in the range of 102 to 114%. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS ISOTOPES RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS

WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Methods Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-05-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/14814 968 TITLE: Reduction of the ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor alpha by alveolar phagocytes after administration of coal fly ash and copper smelter dust. AUTHORS: BROECKAERT F BUCHET JP HUAUX F LARDOT C LISON D YAGER JW AUTHOR ADDRESS: Industrial Toxicol. Occupational Med. Unit, Catholic Univ. Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.54, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; 51 (2). 1997. 189-202. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We investigated the effect of intratracheally instilled coal fly ash (FA) and copper smelter dust (CU) on the lung integrity and on the ex vivo release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) by alveolar phagocytes. Groups of female NMRI mice received a single intratracheal administration of different particles normalized for the arsenic content (20 mug/kg body weight, i.e., 600 ng arsenic/mouse) and the particle load (100 mg/kg body weight, i.e., 3 mg/mouse). Mice received tungsten carbide (WC) alone (100 mg/kg), IA alone (100 mg/kg, i.e., 20 mug arsenic/kg), CU mixed with WC (CU, 13.6

mg/kg, i.e., 20 mug arsenic/kg; WC, 86.4 mg/kg) and Ca3(AsO4)2 mixed with WC (20 mug arsenic/kg; WC, 100 mg/kg). Animals were sacrificed at 1, 6, or 30 d posttreatment and analyzed by bronchoalveolar lavage for total protein (TP) content, inflammatory cell number and type, and TNF-alpha production. Additional mice were studied to evaluate particle retention by measuring total arsenic MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY AMINO ACIDS PEPTIDES PROTEINS CARBOHYDRATES CARBOHYDRATES/METABOLISM AMINO ACIDS/METABOLISM PEPTIDES/METABOLISM PROTEINS/METABOLISM HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPH/CHEMISTRY LYMPH/PHYSIOLOGY LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/METABOLISM RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Proteins Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Metabolism-Carbohydrates Metabolism-Proteins Blood Respiratory System-Anatomy Respiratory System-Physiology and Biochemistry Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12070-12-1 12070-12-1 7778-44-1 7440-38-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JTEHD ENTRY MONTH: 199709 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/20535 969 TITLE: Comparative informative value of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in the evaluation of environmental metals. AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG GOL'DINA IR D'YACHENKO OZ PESTOVA LV AUTHOR ADDRESS: Med. Res. Cent. Prev. Med. Health Prot. Ind. Workers, Ekaterinburg, Russia. SOURCE: GIGIENA I SANITARIYA; 0 (3). 1997. 10-13. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Simultaneous recording of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges supplements data on the nature of genetic disorders in the sanitary and toxicological assessment of metals polluting the environment. A obvious threshold of genetic effects of metals was not revealed in the context of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. Methods for detecting the genotoxicity of metals await further search. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS/GENETICS BIOCHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA

ENTRY MONTH: 199710 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/22978 970 TITLE: Assessment of Biological Chromium among Stainless Steel and Mild Steel Welders in Relation to Welding Processes AUTHORS: Edme JL Shirali P Mereau M Sobaszek A Boulenguez C Diebold F Haguenoer JM SOURCE: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Vol. 70, No. 4, pages 237-242, 23 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: Personal exposure to chromium (7440473) in air was determined to estimate the external exposure at the welding site of stainless steel and mild steel welders. Different welding processes were compared: manual metal arc (MMA), metal inert gas (MIG) or tungsten inert gas (TIG). Biological chromium levels were measured in order to estimate the internal dose of groups of welders who used different welding techniques. The study was performed in eight facilities in France using a population of 116 stainless steel welders of whom 57 used the MMA, 37 the MIG, and 22 the TIG processes. Also included were 30 mild steel welders, 14 using the MMA and 16 the MIG methods, plus a reference group of 32 controls. The curve of cumulative frequency distribution from biological monitoring among these welders showed chromium geometric mean concentrations in whole blood of 3.6 micrograms/liter (microg/l), in plasma of 3.3microg/l, and in urine samples of 6.2microg/l. Mild steel welders had mean values in whole blood and plasma that were more scattered. The analysis of variance of chromium concentrations in plasma previously showed a metal effect, a process effect, but no metal process interaction. Urinary chromium concentrations revealed a metal effect, a process effect as well as a metal process interaction in the analysis of variance. The authors conclude that whole blood, plasma or urine levels of chromium were decidedly higher in those using the MMA process to weld stainless steel. They suggest higher levels are due to the very significant concentrations of total soluble chromium, particularly hexavalent chromium, found in welding fumes. KEYWORDS: DCN-241004 Welders Welding industry Steel industry Occupational exposure Blood analysis Urinalysis

Biological monitoring Chromium compounds CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 CODEN: IAEHDW ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00240578 971 TITLE: ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF SELECTED NATIVE PLANTS AND ASSOCIATED SOILS FROM MAJOR VEGETATION-TYPE AREAS IN MISSOURI AUTHORS: ERDMAN JA SHACKLETTE HT KEITH JR SOURCE: U.S. GEOL. SURV. PROF. PAP. 1976, 954-C() 87 PP. ABSTRACT: EIS: Epidemiology Information System KEYWORDS: ALUMINUM ARSENIC BARIUM BORON CALCIUM CARBON CHROMIUM COBALT COPPER FLUORINE GALLIUM IRON LANTHANUM LEAD LITHIUM MAGNESIUM MANGANESE MERCURY NICKEL PHOSPHORUS POTASSIUM SCANDIUM SELENIUM SILICON SODIUM STRONTIUM TITANIUM

VANADIUM YTTERBIUM YTTRIUM ZINC ZIRCONIUM TELLURIUM QUARTZ DYSPROSIUM LUTETIUM MOLYBDENUM NIOBIUM PLATINUM PRASEODYMIUM RHENIUM SAMARIUM SILVER TANTALUM TERBIUM THALLIUM THORIUM THULIUM TIN TUNGSTEN ANTIMONY CADMIUM CERIUM ERBIUM EUROPIUM GADOLINIUM GERMANIUM GOLD HAFNIUM HOLMIUM URANIUM BISMUTH SILICA INDIUM NEODYMIUM PALLADIUM ANALYSIS RESIDUES MISSOURI UNITED STATES CARBONATES HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY SPECTROMETRY PLANTS BOTANY STATISTICS SOIL TREES SPECTROPHOTOMETRY COLORIMETRY GEOLOGY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7440-38-2

7440-39-3 7440-42-8 7440-70-2 7440-44-0 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7782-41-4 7440-55-3 7439-89-6 7439-91-0 7439-92-1 7439-93-2 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7440-02-0 7723-14-0 7440-09-7 7440-20-2 7782-49-2 7440-21-3 7440-23-5 7440-24-6 7440-32-6 7440-62-2 7440-64-4 7440-65-5 7440-66-6 7440-67-7 13494-80-9 14808-60-7 7429-91-6 7439-94-3 7439-98-7 7440-03-1 7440-06-4 7440-10-0 7440-15-5 7440-19-9 7440-22-4 7440-25-7 7440-27-9 7440-28-0 7440-29-1 7440-30-4 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 7440-36-0 7440-43-9 7440-45-1 7440-52-0 7440-53-1 7440-54-2 7440-56-4 7440-57-5 7440-58-6 7440-60-0 7440-61-1 7440-69-9

7631-86-9 7440-74-6 7440-00-8 7440-05-3 PUBLICATION TYPES: REPORTS ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EPIDEM/001262 972 TITLE: Characterization of tannery wastes: Comparison of three leachability tests. AUTHORS: FERNANDEZ-SEMPERE J BARRUESO-MARTINEZ ML FONT-MONTESINOS R SABATER-LILLO MC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ingenieria Quimica, Univ. Alicante, Aparatado 99, Alicante, Spain. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; 54 (1-2). 1997. 31-45. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. 12 samples from different tanning industries and corresponding to leather wastes and semi-processed leather trimmings and shavings have been characterized. The characterization includes the determination of moisture level, reactivity, analysis of dry sample, analysis of the effluent from the leachability test and toxicity test with Photobacterium phosphoreum and Daphnia magna. The leachability of Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu, Ba and phenolic compounds was evaluated by three different methods: the extraction procedure (EP) according to the Spanish legislation (very similar to the EP test from USEPA), the extraction procedure from the EEC proposal of Directive and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) from the USEPA. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION VIBRIONACEAE CRUSTACEA

KEYWORDS: Methods Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Vibrionaceae (1992- ) Branchiopoda CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 21564-17-0 21564-17-0 18540-29-9 17851-53-5 16065-83-1 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 95-16-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JHMAD ENTRY MONTH: 199710 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/23480 973

TITLE: Investigations on Immune Parameters in Welders AUTHORS: Tuschl H Weber E Kovac R SOURCE: Journal of Applied Toxicology, Vol. 17, No. 6, pages 377-383, 23 references, 1997 ABSTRACT: A study of changes in parameters of cellular, nonspecific, and humoral immunity in welders was conducted. The cohort consisted of 30 males, 26 to 55 years (yr) old, employed as metal inert gas, metal active gas, or tungsten inert gas welders by an Austrian factory. They had a mean of 18.6yr of welding experience. Previous personal air monitoring performed by the Austrian Federal Working Inspectorate indicated that the welders were exposed to welding fume concentrations of 0.88 to 13.08mg/m3. The current Austrian standard is 5mg/m3. The controls consisted of 16 males, 17 to 57yr old, employed by the same company who were not exposed to welding fumes. Six welders and four controls were current smokers. Seven welders had a history of frequent respiratory infections and three reported recent bronchitis or asthma. None of the controls reported any respiratory diseases. Peripheral blood samples were collected. These were used to determine changes in lymphocyte populations, the response of lymphocytes to mitogenic stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), expression of the interleukin-2 receptor, DNA synthesis, and lymphocyte responsiveness in a heterologous mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. Natural killer (NK) cell activity against K562 target cells was determined. Changes in the oxidative burst response of monocytes and granulocytes to Escherichia-coli stimulation were determined. Changes in the level of serum immunoglobulins were measured. The ability of B-cells to produce immunoglobulin-G (IgG) following stimulation with S-aureus was evaluated. The rate of progression of T-cells into the S-phase following PHA stimulation, indicative of a decrease in DNA synthesis, was significantly slower and the NK cell activity against K562 cells was significantly reduced in the welders compared to the controls. None of the other examined parameters in the welders differed significantly from those of the controls. Except for enhanced production of IgG following Staphylococcus-aureus stimulation of B-lymphocytes in smokers, none of the immune parameters were influenced by smoking status. The authors conclude that despite the fact that some welders were moderately to heavily exposed to welding fumes, the only immunological effect of this exposure seems to be a decrease in NK cell activity. Further investigations of possible effects of welding fumes on the immune system should be performed. The investigations should include studies on signal transduction processes, cytokine profiles, and cell differentiation. KEYWORDS: DCN-241281 Gas welders Metallic fumes Immune system Humans Occupational exposure Immune reaction Epidemiology Industrial hygiene

Blood cells Cigarette smoking CODEN: JJATDK ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00240856 974 TITLE: A Case of Sarcoidosis that Developed Three Years after the Onset of Hard Metal Asthma AUTHORS: Satoh-Kamachi A Munakata M Kusaka Y Amishima M Furuya K Takahashi T Kawakami Y SOURCE: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 33, No. 4, pages 379-383, 26 references, 1998 ABSTRACT: This case report concerned a 21 year old man who was hospitalized in 1990 due to frequent attacks of wheezing and dyspnea at work. He worked in the press department of a hard metal factory and had been heavily exposed to powders of cobalt (7440484), tungsten (7440337), and other metals. His diagnosis was bronchial asthma due to cobalt exposure. After this diagnosis, he worked in another department of the same factory where he was seldom exposed to cobalt. He was free of symptoms several months later without using antiasthma drugs. However, 3 year later, he suddenly developed iridocyclitis and bilateral hylar lymph node swelling. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made, confirmed by the physiological findings, elevated serum angiotensin converting enzyme level, increased lymphocytes, and CD4/8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as the pathological characteristics of lung and lymph node specimens. His airway was desensitized to cobalt, but a skin test showed a positive response, suggesting that he was not desensitized at the systemic level. The authors note that the association of sarcoidosis with bronchial asthma is very rare, and it is reasonable to consider that a common etiological agent may exist when these diseases both develop in the same patient. However, his sarcoidosis may have been caused by cobalt through a different mechanism. This case may highlight the possible contributions of extrinsic agents to the development of sarcoidosis. KEYWORDS: DCN-241706 Diagnostic techniques Bronchial asthma Metal dusts

Respiratory system disorders Lung irritants Risk factors Risk analysis Epidemiology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 CODEN: AJIMD8 ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00241281 975 TITLE: ELEMENTAL CONTENT OF TISSUES AND EXCRETA OF LAMBS, GOATS, AND KIDS FED WHITE SWEET CLOVER GROWING ON FLY ASH AUTHORS: FURR AK PARKINSON TF HEFFRON CL REID JT HASCHEK WM GUTENMANN WH BACHE CA ST. JOHN LE JR LISK DJ SOURCE: J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM. 1978, 26(4) 847-851 ABSTRACT: EIS: Epidemiology Information System KEYWORDS: ALUMINUM ARSENIC BARIUM BORON BROMINE CADMIUM CALCIUM CERIUM CESIUM CHLORINE CHROMIUM COBALT COPPER EUROPIUM GOLD HAFNIUM

INDIUM IODINE IRON LANTHANUM LUTETIUM MAGNESIUM MANGANESE MERCURY MOLYBDENUM POTASSIUM RUBIDIUM SCANDIUM SELENIUM SODIUM STRONTIUM TANTALUM THORIUM TIN TITANIUM TUNGSTEN URANIUM VANADIUM YTTERBIUM ZINC PREGNANCY ADULT MALE ANIMAL ANALYSIS FEMALE ANIMAL FEED METABOLISM COAL GOATS INDUSTRIAL WASTE PLANTS SHEEP TISSUE DISTRIBUTION CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 7440-38-2 7440-39-3 7440-42-8 7726-95-6 7440-43-9 7440-70-2 7440-45-1 7440-46-2 7782-50-5 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-53-1 7440-57-5 7440-58-6 7440-74-6 7553-56-2 7439-89-6 7439-91-0

7439-94-3 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7439-98-7 7440-09-7 7440-17-7 7440-20-2 7782-49-2 7440-23-5 7440-24-6 7440-25-7 7440-29-1 7440-31-5 7440-32-6 7440-33-7 7440-61-1 7440-62-2 7440-64-4 7440-66-6 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNALS ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EPIDEM/001435 976 TITLE: HYPER SENSITIVITY BRONCHITIS IN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE WORKERS AUTHORS: COATES E O JR SAWYER HJ REBUCK JW KVALE PA SWEET LW SOURCE: CHEST; 64 (3). 1973 390 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. ABSTRACT HUMAN RESPIRATORY SENSITIZATION SYNDROME CODEN: CHETB ENTRY MONTH: 197407 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/74/05936

977 TITLE: Assessment of biological chromium among stainless steel and mild steel welders in relation to welding processes. AUTHORS: EDME JL SHIRALI P MEREAU M SOBASZEK A BOULENGUEZ C DIEBOLD F HAGUENOER JM AUTHOR ADDRESS: CERESTE, Inst. Med. Travail, 1 Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille Cedex, France. SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; 70 (4). 1997. 237-242. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Air and biological monitoring were used for assessing external and internal chromium exposure among 116 stainless steel welders (SS welders) using manual metal arc (MMA), metal inert gas (MIG) and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding processes (MMA: n = 57; MIG: n = 37; TIG: n = 22) and 30 mild steel welders (MS welders) using MMA and MIG welding processes (MMA: n = 14; MIG: n = 16). The levels of atmospheric total chromium were evaluated after personal air monitoring. The mean values for the different groups of SS welders were 201 mug/m3 (MMA) and 185 mug/m3 (MIG), 52 mug/m3 (TIG) and for MS welders 8.1 mug/m3 (MMA) and 7.3 mug/m3 (MIG). The curve of cumulative frequency distribution from biological monitoring among SS welders showed chromium geometric mean concentrations in whole blood of 3.6 mug/l (95th percentile = 19.9), in plasma of 3.3 mug/l (95th percentile = 21.0) and in urine samples of 6.2 mug/l (95th percentile = 58.0). Among MS welders, mean values in whole blo MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS MINERALS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18540-29-9 18540-29-9 7440-47-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: IAEHD ENTRY MONTH: 199712 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/30991 978 TITLE: Photic maculopathy by arc welding. AUTHORS: DENK PO KRETSCHMANN U GONZALEZ J GELISKEN F KNORR M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Universitaetsaugenklinik, Schleichstr. 12, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany. SOURCE: KLINISCHE MONATSBLAETTER FUER AUGENHEILKUNDE; 211 (3). 1997. 207-210. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Background. Phototoxic maculopathy most likely results from longer exposure to light from sources such as the sun, welding arcs, tungsten halogen lamp filaments or operation microscopes. The value of the multifocal ERG for the evaluation of functional defects in this rare entity has not been described to date. Cases. We describe the case of a 38-year-old male patient who presented to his local ophthalmologist with bilateral loss of vision and acute ocular pain after having worked for two hours at an electric welding arc. A foveal lesion was found in both eyes, resulting in a bilateral reduction of visual acuity. Nine months later, the patient underwent examination and further investigations at the university eye clinic in Tubingen. Visual field defects on both sides could be detected with automatic threshold perimetry. Using the multifocal ERG with a central element of 2 diameter, a central defect was detected only for the right eye. Conclusions. In rare cases, a photi MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS SENSE ORGANS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HOMINIDAE

KEYWORDS: Pathology Sense Organs Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous Hominidae LANGUAGE: ger CODEN: KMAUA ENTRY MONTH: 199801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/33532 979 TITLE: Role of Urokinase in the Fibrogenic Response of the Lung to Mineral Particles AUTHORS: Lardot CG Huaux FA Broeckaert FR Declerck PJ Delos M Fubini B Lison DF SOURCE: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 157, No. 2, pages 617-628, 38 references, 1998 ABSTRACT: The role of the lung plasminogen activating (PA) system in the fibrogenic response to crystalline-silica (14808607) (DQ12), manganese-dioxide (1313139) (MnO2), titanium-dioxide (13463677) (TiO2), and tungsten-carbide (12070121) (WC) dusts was examined in mice. Adult female NMRI-mice were instilled intratracheally with 0 to 5.0 milligrams (mg) WC, TiO2, MnO2, or DQ12 dusts. The dusts were chosen because of their differing abilities to induce a fibrogenic response or toxicity. The mice were killed at selected times up to 120 days post exposure and the lungs were removed and lavaged. Changes in lavagate cellularity and lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) and PA level were determined. Cells recovered from the lavage fluid were analyzed for tissue-type-PA, urokinase-related-PA (uPA), and PAI-1 proteins. Lung tissue samples were examined for histopathological changes. A similar experiment using DQ12 only was performed in urokinase-knockout-mice (uPAC-knockout-mice), a strain genetically deficient in uPA, and wild-type-uPA(+/+)-mice (WT-mice), a strain proficient in uPA. DQ12 at 2.5 and 5mg induced a progressive fibrosing alveolitis after 30 days. MnO2 induced an alveolitis that resolved spontaneously after 4 months. Neither TiO2 nor WC induced any significant changes in the lung parenchyma even after 4 months. Significant dose related increases in lavagate LDH activity and neutrophil counts,

indicative of an inflammatory response, were seen in lavage fluid from DQ12 and MnO2 treated animals 1 to 5 days after exposure. DQ12 and MnO2 induced significant dose related increases in lavagate PA activity by day three. The DQ12 induced increase persisted to the end of the study. The MnO2 induced increase resolved after 60 days. TiO2 and WC did not significantly affect any lavage fluid parameters. DQ12, MnO2, and TiO2 significantly upregulated lavage cell PA activity for the first 30 days post exposure. The largest increase was induced by DQ12, and the increases were due exclusively to increases in uPA. DQ12 caused significantly greater inflammatory and fibrogenic responses of the type seen in NMRI-mice in uPA-knockout-mice than in WT-mice. Lavagate PA levels were significantly increased in WT-mice 30 days after exposure. Only low levels of PA were seen in uPA-knockout mice. The authors conclude that the PA system modulates lung tissue responses to inhalation of fibrogenic dusts. The findings obtained in uPA-knockout-mice indicate that uPA acts to limit fibrogenesis, possibly as a result of degrading fibrin deposits formed as a result of alveolitis. KEYWORDS: DCN-242286 Respiratory system disorders Mineral dusts In vivo studies Laboratory animals Enzyme activity Biochemical indicators Bioactivation Lung fibrosis Quartz dust Genetic factors Dose response CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-60-7 14808-60-7 1313-13-9 13463-67-7 12070-12-1 CODEN: AJCMED ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00241860 980 TITLE: Determination of heavy metal complexes with humic substances by HPLC-MS coupling using on-line isotope dilution technique. AUTHORS: VOGL J HEUMANN KG AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Johannes Gutenberg-Univ. Mainz, Inst. Inorg. Chem. and Analytical Chem., Becherweg 24, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 359 (4-5). 1997. 438-441. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An isotope dilution mass spectrometric (IDMS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of the complexes of 11 heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl, U, W, Zn and Zr) with humic substances (HS) by coupling HPLC with ICP-MS and applying the on-line isotope dilution technique. The HPLC separation was carried out with size exclusion chromatography. This HPLC-IDMS method was applied to samples from a brown water, ground water, sewage and seepage water as well as for a sample containing isolated fulvic acids. The total contents of heavy metals and of their complexes were analyzed in these samples with detection limits in the range of 5-110 ng/L. The analysis of heavy metal/HS complexes from the different waters resulted in characteristic fingerprints of the distribution pattern of heavy metals in the separated HS fractions. A comparison between the total heavy metal concentrations and their portions bound to humic substances showed distinct differences MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-67-7 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-33-7 7440-28-0 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199801

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/33766 981 TITLE: Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function among Stainless Steel Welders AUTHORS: Sobaszek A Edme JL Boulenguez C Shirali P Mereau M Robin H Haguenoer JM SOURCE: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 40, No. 3, pages 223-229, 23 references, 1998 ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the stainless steel (SS) welding activity and of the seniority of the worker on the respiratory health and the chronic pulmonary effects on 134 welders, taking smoking habits into account. The study subjects were often employed at shipyards or involved in tank building activities. They must have had at least 5 years of continued welding experience to be eligible for the study and could not have had past or present exposure to other substances harmful to the respiratory system. Respiratory symptoms were more frequent among the welders than among controls. These differences were significant for morning cough, night cough, morning sputum production, dyspnea, and chest tightness. Welders using the tungsten inert gas (TIG) process presented the lowest lung function values. Welders using the manual metal arc (MMA) and metal inert gas (MIG) processes seemed to have comparable ventilatory capacities. The ventilatory function values did not differ significantly in the six classes of seniority among SS welders or controls. The authors did note a trend for the spirographic values of welders to become lower among welders with a short time of welding experience, less than 10 years, and with an important seniority of over 25 years. After adjusting for tobacco habits, the SS welders presented a higher prevalence of bronchial irritative symptoms such as cough or sputum production than controls. Chronic bronchitis was significantly linked to tobacco consumption. KEYWORDS: DCN-242350 Welding Welders Metal fumes Lung function Occupational exposure Respiratory system disorders Pulmonary function tests Cigarette smoking Shipyard workers CODEN: JOEMFM

ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00241924 982 TITLE: ELEMENTAL CONTENT OF VEGETABLES, GRAINS, AND FORAGES FIELD-GROWN ON FLY ASH AMENDED SOIL AUTHORS: FURR AK PARKINSON TF GUTENMANN WH PAKKALA IS LISK DJ SOURCE: J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM. 1978, 26(2) 357 ABSTRACT: EIS: Epidemiology Information System KEYWORDS: THORIUM TITANIUM URANIUM VANADIUM TUNGSTEN YTTERBIUM ZINC SODIUM RUBIDIUM ANTIMONY SCANDIUM SELENIUM SAMARIUM TIN STRONTIUM TANTALUM ALUMINUM ARSENIC GOLD BORON BARIUM BROMINE CALCIUM CADMIUM CERIUM CHLORINE COBALT CHROMIUM CESIUM COPPER EUROPIUM IRON

HAFNIUM MERCURY IODINE POTASSIUM LANTHANUM LUTETIUM MAGNESIUM MANGANESE MOLYBDENUM RESIDUES ALFALFA CORN GRASSES MILLET SORGHUM BEANS CABBAGE CARROT ONION POTATO TOMATO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-29-1 7440-32-6 7440-61-1 7440-62-2 7440-33-7 7440-64-4 7440-66-6 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-36-0 7440-20-2 7782-49-2 7440-19-9 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-25-7 7429-90-5 7440-38-2 7440-57-5 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-43-9 7440-45-1 7782-50-5 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-50-8 7440-53-1 7439-89-6 7440-58-6 7439-97-6 7553-56-2 7440-09-7 7439-91-0

7439-94-3 7439-95-4 7439-96-5 7439-98-7 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNALS ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EPIDEM/003747 983 TITLE: MUTAGENIC AND ANTIMUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF COBALT COMPOUNDS MEASURED BY THE COMET ASSAY AUTHORS: DE BOECK M SAARISTO M VAN GOETHEM F KIRSCH-VOLDERS M SOURCE: 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENS, TOULOUSE, FRANCE, SEPTEMBER 7-12, 1997. MUTATION RESEARCH; 379 (1 SUPPL. 1). 1997. S129. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM MEETING ABSTRACT MEETING POSTER RAT HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS DNA DAMAGE STRAND BREAKS COMET ASSAY SCGE SINGLE CELL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS LYMPHOCYTES LUNG CELLS COBALT ANTIMUTAGENIC EFFECTS MUTAGENIC EFFECTS COBALT ALLOY-TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COBALT CHLORIDE CELL BIOLOGY CYTOGENETIC METHOD ANALYTICAL METHOD IMMUNE SYSTEM BLOOD AND LYMPHATICS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN GENETICS CYTOGENETICS ANIMALS/GENETICS GENETICS, MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY

IMMUNITY HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Genetics and Cytogenetics-General Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics-Human Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-General Biophysical Studies Blood Respiratory System-General Toxicology-General Immunology and Immunochemistry-General Hominidae Muridae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 1332-82-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: MUREA ENTRY MONTH: 199801 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/97/34402 984 TITLE: Toxicity and occupational health hazards of coal fly ash (CFA). A review of data and comparison to coal mine dust. AUTHORS: BORM P JA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Health Risk Analysis and Toxicol., Univ. Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands. SOURCE: ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE; 41 (6). 1997. 659-676. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Coal fly ashes (CFA) are complex particles of a variable composition, which is mainly dependent on the combustion process, the source of coal and the precipitation technique. Toxic constituents in these particles are considered to be metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and silica. The purpose of this review was to study

the in vitro and in vivo data on coal fly ash and relate the studied endpoints to the role of (crystalline) silica, considering its recent classification as a human carcinogen. For most of the effects coal mine dust was chosen as a reference, since it contains up to 10% of crystalline silica (alpha-quartz) and is well studied both in vivo and in vitro. Most studies on fly ash toxicity were not designed to elucidate the effect of its silica-content nor did they include coal mine dust as a reference. Taking this into account, both in vitro and in vivo experimental studies show lower toxicity, inflammatory potential and fibrogenicity of CFA compared to MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY MINERALS DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION ANIMALS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Social Biology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Respiratory System-General Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Animalia-Unspecified Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7726-95-6 7631-86-9 7440-70-2 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3

7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AOHYA ENTRY MONTH: 199802 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/01109 985 TITLE: Part One: Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Environment on Calcium Metabolism in Humans AUTHORS: Drummer C Friedel V Borger A Stormer I Wolter S Zittermann A Wolfram G Heer M SOURCE: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 69, No. 3, pages 291-298, 19 references, 1998 ABSTRACT: This study focused on the physiological effects of chronically increased carbon-dioxide (124389) (CO2) environments. The specific goal was to determine whether chronically increased levels of CO2 dose dependently influence calcium homeostasis and bone turnover. In particular, considering the hypothesis of a CO2 induced hypercalciuria, negative calcium balances, and a bone resorptive state. Experiments were performed on four healthy men who received a constant calcium intake of 1.4 grams/day and vitamin-D supplement of 10,000 international units/day during two campaigns. The men were exposed during a 25 day period to a 0.7% CO2 environment in a deep diving isolation chamber. Three months later the subjects were reexamined during a second campaign with an exposure of a 1.2% CO2 atmosphere. Calcium balance was evaluated. Serum calcium concentrations and biomarkers of bone metabolism were measured in order to evaluate bone turnover. The response to an acute oral calcium load was examined as a sensitive measure of changes in calcium metabolism.

The authors conclude that chronic respiratory acidosis in a 1.2% CO2 environment under dietary controlled conditions provoked the retention of calcium by a reduction in fecal calcium losses and urinary calcium excretion. Reduced serum calcium concentrations were still evident, despite suppression of bone formation and slight stimulation of bone resorption, which should have mobilized calcium from the skeletal store. They suggest that elevated CO2 atmospheres may dose dependently preserve bony calcium without a parallel improvement in bone substance. KEYWORDS: DCN-242431 Astronauts Aerospace environment Skeletal system Bone structure Aerospace medicine Air quality monitoring Metabolic study Gravitational forces Zero gravity Physiological effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 124-38-9 CODEN: ASEMCG ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00242005 986 TITLE: Surface reactivity in the pathogenic response to particulates. AUTHORS: FUBINI B AUTHOR ADDRESS: Univ. Torino, Fac. Farmacia, Dip. Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica Chimica Materiali, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES; 105 (SUPPL. 5). 1997. 1013-1020. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The peculiar characteristics of dust toxicity are discussed in relation to the processes taking place at the particle-biological medium interface. Because of surface reactivity, toxicity of solids is not merely predictable from chemical composition and molecular structure, as with water soluble compounds. With particles having the same bulk composition, micromorphology (the thermal and mechanical history of dust and adsorption from the environment) determines the kind and abundance of active surface sites, thus modulating reactivity toward cells and tissues. The quantitative evaluation of doses

is discussed in comparisons of dose-response relationships obtained with different materials. Responses related to the surface of the particle are better compared on a per-unit surface than per-unit weight basis. The role of micromorphology, hydrophilicity, and reactive surface cations in determining the pathogenicity of inhaled particles is described with reference to silica and MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Respiratory System-Pathology Toxicology-General CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7439-89-6 1332-21-4 75-20-7 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EVHPA ENTRY MONTH: 199802 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/02084 987 TITLE: Development and Evaluation of Rhenium-188-labeled Radioactive Stents for Restenosis Therapy and Development of Strategies for Radiolabeling Brachytherapy Sources with Palladium-103. AUTHORS: Knapp FF AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. SOURCE:

Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 01, 2002 ABSTRACT: This project involved collaboration between InnerDyne, Inc., and radiopharmaceutical research programs at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) which explored new strategies for the development and animal testing of radioactive rhenium-188-labeled implantable stent sources for the treatment of coronary restenosis after angioplasty and the development of chemical species radiolabeled with the palladium-103 radioisotope for the treatment of cancer. Rhenium-188 was made available for these studies from radioactive decay of tungsten-188 produced in the ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). Stent activation and coating technology was developed and provided by InnerDyne, inc. New chemical methods for attaching the palladium-103 radioisotope to bifunctional chelate technologies were developed by investigators at ORNL. KEYWORDS: Drugs *Pharmacology *Isotopic labelling Rhenium isotopes Palladium isotopes Stents Cardiology Cardiovascular diseases ORDER NUMBER: 10p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 200210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2001 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE2001-786765 988 TITLE: BALANCE STUDY OF TWENTY TRACE ELEMENTS DURING TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION IN MAN AUTHORS: JACOBSON S WEBSTER PO SOURCE:

BR. J. NUTR. 1977, 37(1) 107-126 ABSTRACT: EIS: Epidemiology Information System KEYWORDS: TUNGSTEN ZINC ANTIMONY SCANDIUM SAMARIUM LANTHANUM MOLYBDENUM RUBIDIUM SELENIUM SILVER ARSENIC GOLD BROMINE CADMIUM COBALT CHROMIUM CESIUM COPPER IRON MERCURY HUMAN MALE ADULT AGED ANIMAL RESIDUES BLOOD URINE NUTRITION FECES CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-66-6 7440-36-0 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7439-91-0 7439-98-7 7440-17-7 7782-49-2 7440-22-4 7440-38-2 7440-57-5 7726-95-6 7440-43-9 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-50-8 7439-89-6 7439-97-6 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNALS

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EPIDEM/003876 989 TITLE: Mainstream smoke collection by electrostatic precipitation for acid dissolution in a microwave digestion system prior to trace metal determination. AUTHORS: RHOADES C B JR WHITE R T JR AUTHOR ADDRESS: R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., Bowman Gray Technical Cent., PO Box 1487, Winston-Salem, NC 27102, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL; 80 (6). 1997. 1320-1331. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A method is described for collection and preparation of mainstream smoke condensate from cigarettes for determination of trace metal constituents. A sample of mainstream smoke was collected from 300 cigarettes in a final volume of 25 mL. Extremely clean laboratory conditions during sample preparation were essential to avoid contamination and improve precision and accuracy for trace element determination. The clean laboratories maintained a positive pressure of HEPA-filtered air with constant temperature and humidity control. Mainstream cigarette smoke was collected by electrostatic precipitation (EP) on a modified rotary smoking machine located in a wooden CORESTA cabinet. The EP unit was equipped with a high tension generator supplying 17.5 kV to a tungsten electrode followed by 2 secondary acid traps. Samples were collected under 2 smoking regimens: FTC (35 mL puff volumes, one puff every 60 s, and puff duration 2 s) and "Extreme" (75 mL puff volumes, one puff every 3 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOLOGY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/CHEMISTRY KEYWORDS: Methods Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals

Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Toxicology-General Plant Physiology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-21-3 7440-02-0 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JAINE ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/03816 990 TITLE: MECHANISMS OF FORMING RESISTANCE OF PLANTS TO HEAVY METALS AUTHORS: FENIK SI TROFIMYAK TB BLYUM YA B SOURCE: USPEKHI SOVREMENNOI BIOLOGII; 115 (3). 1995. 261-275. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM LITERATURE REVIEW HIGHER PLANTS HEAVY METALS RESISTANCE MECHANISMS PLANT CELL WALLS MEMBRANES PROTEINS POLYPEPTIDES ECOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY CELLULAR LEVEL PLANT MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): PLANTS/CYTOLOGY ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY PLANTS KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Plant Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Toxicology-General Tracheophyta

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: USBIA ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/05324 991 TITLE: Microbes and metals. AUTHORS: EHRLICH HL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Biol., Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA. SOURCE: APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY; 48 (6). 1997. 687-692. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Many base metals and a few precious metals as well as some metalloids can be enzymatically or nonenzymatically concentrated and dispersed by microbes in their environment. Some of these activities are commercially exploited or have a potential for it. This article summarizes these activities and the commercial or potentially commercial use of some of them.

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY KEYWORDS: Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Toxicology-General Microorganisms Microbiological Apparatus Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous Microorganisms-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-63-5 22541-63-5 22541-53-3 22537-22-0 20074-52-6 19768-33-3 18540-29-9 17493-86-6 17306-35-3 16637-16-4 16397-91-4 16065-83-1 15584-04-0 15438-31-0 15046-91-0 14302-87-5 14259-85-9 14124-68-6 14124-67-5 13907-45-4 12777-38-7 7782-49-2 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-50-8

7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-57-6 1317-61-9 1317-40-4 1314-60-9 1313-13-9 1309-64-4 1308-14-1 598-62-9 563-71-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AMBID ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/06294 992 TITLE: Feasibility studies of neutron activation analysis with kilogram-size samples. AUTHORS: BODE P LAKMAKER O VAN ALLER P BLAAUW M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Interfaculty Reactor Inst., Delft Univ. Technol., Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. SOURCE: FRESENIUS' JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 360 (1). 1998. 10-17. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Instrumental neutron activation analysis

(INAA) can now directly be applied to samples with masses in the kilogram range. It enables the analysis of material which is considered to be not representative at the scale of the traditional analytical portion, but representative at much larger scale. Large sample INAA (LS-INAA) circumpasses various problems associated with sample-size reduction and homogenization. Examples of feasibility studies are given as on construction waste, contaminated soil, harbour sediment and recyclable material. Also the economics of this method of analysis is discussed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS/ANALYSIS MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14596-12-4 14596-12-4 14392-02-0 13982-04-2 13981-59-4 13981-28-7 13967-74-3 13967-63-0 13966-00-2 7726-95-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-09-7

7440-06-4 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-94-3 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FJACE ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/07168 993 TITLE: CONCENTRATIONS OF ELEMENTS IN A MARINE FOOD CHAIN CULTURED IN SEWAGE WASTE WATER AUTHORS: FURR AK PARKINSON TF RYTHER J BACHE CA GUTENMANN WH PAKKALA IS LISK DJ SOURCE: BULL ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL; 26 (1). 1981. 54-59. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. AGARDHIELLA-TENERA CHONDRUS-CRISPUS GRACILARIA-FOLIIFERA HYPNEA-MUSCIFORMIS MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA HOMARUS-AMERICANUS PSEUDOPLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS METAL TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6

7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: BECTA ENTRY MONTH: 198110 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/81/12494 994 TITLE: Biodegradation of cyanides, cyanates and thiocyanates to ammonia and carbon dioxide by immobilized cell of Pseudomonas putida. AUTHORS: CHAPATWALA KD BABU G RV VIJAYA OK KUMAR KP WOLFRAM JH

AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Nat. Sci., Selma Univ., Selma, AL 36701, USA. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY; 20 (1). 1998. 28-33. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Pseudomonas putida utilizes cyanide as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Agar, alginate, and carrageenan were screened as the encapsulating matrices for P. putida. Alginate-immobilized cells of P. putida degraded sodium cyanide (NaCN) more efficiently than non-immobilized cells or cells immobilized in agar or carrageenan. The end products of biodegradation of cyanide were identified as ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2). These products changed the medium pH. In bioreactors, the rate of cyanide degradation increased with an increase in the rate of aeration. Maximum utilization of cyanide was observed at 200 ml min-1 of aeration. Immobilized cells of P. putida degraded cyanides, cyanates and thiocyanates to NH3 and CO2. Use of Na(14C)-CN showed that 70% of carbon of Na(14C)-CN was converted into 14CO2 and only 10% was associated with the cell biomass. The substrate-dependent kinetics indicated that the Km and Vmax values of P. putida for the substrate, NaCN wer MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING METABOLISM BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIODEGRADATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY PSEUDOMONADACEAE KEYWORDS: Biophysics-Bioengineering Metabolism-General Metabolism Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Pseudomonadaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 25869-98-1 25869-98-1 14402-89-2 13943-58-3 13746-66-2 7664-41-7 3017-60-5 1762-95-4 917-61-3 590-28-3

557-21-1 556-61-6 544-92-3 540-72-7 506-64-9 333-20-0 151-50-8 143-33-9 57-12-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: XXAMV ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/08999 995 TITLE: Trace metals in urine of United States residents: Reference range concentrations. AUTHORS: PASCHAL DC TING BG MORROW JC PIRKLE JL JACKSON RJ SAMPSON EJ MILLER DT CALDWELL KL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Environ. Health Lab. Sci., Natl. Cent. Environ. Health, Cent. Dis. Control Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH; 76 (1). 1998. 53-59. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We measured 13 metals in the urine of 496 United States residents to establish reference range concentrations using inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry and Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. We frequently found 8 of these analytes at detectable concentrations in urine specimens: molybdenum (in 99.8%); lead (98.8%); tin (89%); thallium (77%); antimony (73.5%); manganese (73%); cesium (71%); tungsten (70%); and platinum (69.7%). The 95th percentile concentration for molybdenum was 168 mug; concentrations ranged up to 688 mug/L. Lead concentrations ranged up to 67 mug/L, and the 95th upper percentile was 6.4 mug/L. Tin had 95th upper percentile of 20.1 mug/L. Other analytes measured at detectable concentrations included barium (in 67% of the specimens); beryllium (67%); chromium (54%); thorium (44%); and cobalt (43%). In almost every case, the 95th upper percentiles

of these analytes were less than 15 mug/L. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL MINERALS URINARY TRACT/PHYSIOLOGY URINARY TRACT/METABOLISM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION STATISTICS EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Clinical Biochemistry Biochemical Studies-Minerals Urinary System and External Secretions-Physiology and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-Public Health Administration and Statistics Public Health: Epidemiology-Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-46-2 7440-41-7 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-06-4 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENVRA ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/09530 996 TITLE: Comparison of acute toxicity and genotoxic concentrations of single compounds and waste elutriates using the Microtoxutatox test system.

AUTHORS: HAUSER B SCHRADER G BAHADIR M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Ecological Chem. Waste Analysis, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany. SOURCE: ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY; 38 (3). 1997. 227-231. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The Mutatox test has been developed by Microbics Corp., U.S.A., in addition to the widely used acute toxicity test Microtox. The Mutatox test indicates the presence of any material in a test sample that causes genetic damage to dark variants of the luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri. As the Microtox test is less time-consuming and more cost-effective than the Mutatox test, the possibility of using the EC50 measured by Microtox for rangefinding of genotoxic concentrations for the Mutatox test was examined. Both tests were applied on single compounds and several waste elutriates. The genotoxic potential of two PAH metabolites-1-hydroxypyrene and 9-fluorenone-1-carboxylic acid-was detected. According to the present results the highest concentration of a sample in the Mutatox test should in general exceed the EC50 by about 5-10 times. Elutriates were submitted to analyses of TOC, heavy metals, phenols, and PAH; additionally GC screening analyses were carried out. In most MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM BACTERIA/GENETICS VIRUSES/GENETICS MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES VIBRIONACEAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Toxicology-General Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses Microbiological Apparatus Vibrionaceae (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3

7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 5315-79-7 1573-92-8 206-44-0 108-95-2 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EESAD ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/09825 997 TITLE: X-Ray Crystallography of Botulinum Neurotoxins. AUTHORS: Sax M Furey W Swaminathan S AUTHOR ADDRESS: Veterans Administration Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA. SOURCE: /u0022 ABSTRACT: Annual rept. 1 Mar 1999-29 Feb 2000. Botulinum Neurotoxin type E was purchased, and the protein was crystallized. The best diffracting crystals were obtained when the toxin was crystallized in the presence of a peptide from SNAP-25. An isomorphous

tungsten derivative has been prepared and data have been collected to 3.2A resolution. Three heavy atom sites were identified and used in phasing by the single isomorphous replacement with anomalous scattering method. The initial low resolution map clearly shows the protein envelop and also some protein features. Two additional heavy atom derivative candidates have been prepared. KEYWORDS: Clostridium botulinum Peptides Proteins Crystals X rays Crystallography Bacterial toxins Neurotoxins X ray crystallography ORDER NUMBER: 10p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 200011 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2000 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/ADA378753 998 TITLE: Oligoelements in dog chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis through dimethylnitrosamine. AUTHORS: CIPLEA A PROTOPOPESCU M DRAGULESCU N COATU S BOLINTINEANU S CUESDEAN L BUBUEANU G BALTA N AUTHOR ADDRESS: D. Danielopolu Inst. Normal Pathol. Physiol., Bucharest, Rom. SOURCE: REV ROUM MORPHOL EMBRYOL PHYSIOL PHYSIOL; 17 (4). 1981. 289-294. ABSTRACT:

HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Emission spectrographic analysis was used to study the following oligoelements: Mn, Cd, Cu, Be, Cr, Ge, Nb, Ga, Zr, W, Pb, Sn, As, Zn, Ag, Sb, Ni, Bi, Co, Mo and V. Aortic arterial blood, caval, portal and suprahepatic vein bloid, ascites and in bile were checked in control and in intoxicated dogs with dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA). Be, Ge, Nb, Ga. W. As and Sb were never found. Increased values of Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Mo and V, were noticed. The differences between the values obtained in intoxicated dogs vs. those obtained in control dogs were evident; at other times there was no difference. Ag in the aortic and suprahepatic vein blood and in the bite was unchanged. In the portal vein blood Zn exceeds by almost 2 times the values obtained in the intoxicated dogs. In the portal vein blood, Mo is almost 2 times more in control dogs than in intoxicated ones. The values of the controls are below those found in the intoxicated dogs. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-56-4 7440-54-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 62-75-9 CODEN: RMEPD ENTRY MONTH: 198112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/00332 999 TITLE: Pollution of a Tasmanian river by mine effluents: I Chemical evidence. AUTHORS: TYLER PA BUCKNEY RT SOURCE:

INT REV GESAMTEN HYDROBIOL; 58 (6). 1973 873-883 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Discharge of effluents from tin and wolfram mines caused severe pollution of 2 creeks and lesser pollution of the South Esk River in North-East Tasmania. The principal pollutants are sulfuric acid, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe and Mn in dissolved or particulate form or both. The creek waters were rendered unsuitable for domestic or agricultural use and all normal biota destroyed. In the South Esk River trout are absent from polluted reaches though abundant elsewhere. Flood-borne mine tailings, rich in particulate pollutants, have destroyed or degraded pastures along the South Esk River. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7664-93-9 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-50-8 7440-43-9 7440-66-6 7439-89-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 CODEN: IGHYA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/01677 1000 TITLE: Membrane filtration studies of aquatic humic substances and their metal species: A concise overview. Part 1. Analytical fractionation by means of sequential-stage ultrafiltration. AUTHORS: BURBA P ASTER B NIFANT'EVA T SHKINEV V SPIVAKOV B YA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Spectrochem. Appl. Spectroscopy, 441339 Dortmund, Germany. SOURCE: TALANTA; 45 (5). 1998. 977-988. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A concise overview (75 references) of the analytical fractionation of aquatic humic substances using sequential-stage ultrafiltration is presented. First, humic substances in aquatic environments and actual problems connected with their fractionation and analysis are briefly considered. The molecular size

classification of dissolved humic substances by means of multistage ultrafiltration, with special emphasis on on-line techniques, is the focal point of the discussion. In particular, the capabilities of ultrafiltration for the size fractionation and characterization of species formed between colloidal humic substances and pollutants (e.g. metals) are stressed. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY COMPARATIVE STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOCHEMISTRY MINERALS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS BIOPHYSICS MEMBRANES/PHYSIOLOGY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BIOPHYSICS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Comparative Biochemistry Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biochemical Studies-General Biochemical Studies-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Biophysics-Membrane Phenomena Biophysics-Bioengineering Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-34-8 7440-33-7 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-27-9

7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TLNTA ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/09978 1001 TITLE: Atomic spectrometry update: Environmental analysis. AUTHORS: DEAN JR BUTLER O FISHER A GARDEN LM CRESSER MS WATKINS P CAVE M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem. Life Sci., Univ. Northumbria Newcastle, Ellison Build., Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY; 13 (2). 1998. 1R-56R. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This is the thirteenth annual review published in JAAS of the applications of atomic spectroscopy to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. The format used continues to be similar to that of previous years, highlighting the main features of this particular subject. Developments in instrumentation are not essentially a feature of this update, and so the emphasis is mainly with the establishment of reliable and robust methods of environmental analysis. The update does, however, focus on the areas of sampling, sample preparation and sample introduction in atomic spectroscopy. The most popular areas for development in sample preparation continuing to be

dissolution/decomposition, separation and preconcentration, and solvent extraction, with the emphasis on the establishment of robust and valid methodology. The motives for this approach are usually being led by the necessity to develop simpler, low cost and safe methods. The importance of trace element determination MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS BIOCHEMISTRY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS KEYWORDS: Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Studies-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plantae-Unspecified CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 64436-13-1 64436-13-1 51952-65-9 39895-81-3 24959-67-9 23713-48-6 22541-76-0 22541-55-5 22541-54-4 22537-52-6 22537-48-0 22537-36-6 22537-31-1 20461-54-5 20074-52-6 18540-29-9 17428-41-0 17306-35-3 16887-00-6 16065-83-1 16056-34-1 15723-28-1 15584-04-0 15541-45-4 15158-11-9 15117-96-1 14808-79-8 14701-22-5 14378-33-7 14124-68-6 14124-67-5 13968-55-3 13138-45-9 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7447-39-4

7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-28-0 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-20-2 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-07-5 7440-06-4 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7429-90-5 2406-68-0 2406-65-7 1011-95-6 1002-53-5 892-20-6 627-44-1 124-58-3 108-88-3 75-60-5 56-23-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JASPE ENTRY MONTH: 199806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/12161 1002 TITLE: Impact of Microbially Influenced Corrosion on Spent Nuclear Fuel and Storage Life. AUTHORS: Wolfram JH Mizia RE Jex R Nelson L Garcia KM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Lab., Idaho Falls. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 23, 2001 KEYWORDS: Microbial processes *Nuclear fuels *Spent fuels *Storage life *Corrosion Literature review Radioactive wastes High-level radioactive wastes Dry storage Savannah river Storage Water quality Wet storage ORDER NUMBER: 78p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A06/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 200112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE2001-766409

1003 TITLE: Use of mosses (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) as biomonitors of heavy metal deposition: From relative to absolute deposition values. AUTHORS: BERG T STEINNES E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Norw. Inst. Air Res., Pb. 100, N-2007 Kjeller, Norway. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION; 98 (1). 1997 (1998). 61-71. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Concentrations of 48 elements in the ground growing mosses Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi have been compared with wet deposition data for the same elements at 13 Norwegian sites. Significant positive correlations were found for V, Fe, Co, As, Y, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ce, Sm, Er, Tl and Pb in Hylocomium splendens, and for Mg, V, Fe, Co, As, Se, Y, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl and Pb in Pleurozium schreberi. Regression equations for transforming moss concentration data to absolute deposition rates have been calculated for those of the above elements which are of interest from a pollution point of view. The concentration levels of Li, Be, Mg, Ca, Zn, Ge, As, Se, Sr, Y, Zr, Sn, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Ho, Yb, Hf, Ta and U were similar in the two moss species. Hylocomium splendens had highest concentrations of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ga, Nb, Mo, Sb, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Tm, Lu, W, Tl, Pb and Th, whereas V, Mn, Rb and Cd were highest in Pleurozium schreberi. No variations were observed MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY PLANTS MINERALS AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS KEYWORDS: Ecology Biochemical Studies-Minerals Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Plant Physiology Musci CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 18923-27-8 18923-27-8 7782-49-2 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6

7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ENPOE ENTRY MONTH: 199806 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/12636 1004 TITLE: Effects of elevated carbon dioxide environment on calcium metabolism in

humans. AUTHORS: DRUMMER C FRIEDEL V BOERGER A STOERMER I WOLTER S ZITTERMANN A WOLFRAM G HEER M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. Med., Inst. Luft-Raumfahrtmedizin, DLR, 51140 Cologne, Germany. SOURCE: AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE; 69 (3). 1998. 291-298. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Background: Chronic respiratory acidosis induced by an elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) environment should provoke hypercalciuria with related total body and subsequent bone calcium losses. We examined this hypothesis in four healthy male volunteers, who were exposed during a 25-d period to an 0.7% CO2 environment within a deep diving isolation chamber. Three months later the same subjects were reexamined during a second campaign being exposed to a 1.2% CO2 atmosphere. Methods: The subjects received a constant calcium intake (1.4 g d-1) and vitamin D supplement (1000 IUaigns. Calcium balance (oral calcium intake minus urinary and fecal calcium output) was evaluated. Serum calcium concentrations and biomarkers of bone metabolism were measured, in order to evaluate bone turnover. Additionally, the response to an acute oral calcium load was examined as a sensitive measure of changes in calcium metabolism. Results: Both, urinary calcium excretion (from 245 | 38 to 199 | 31 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MINERALS MINERALS/METABOLISM METABOLIC DISEASES RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-Minerals Metabolism-Minerals Metabolism-Metabolic Disorders Respiratory System-Pathology Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 124-38-9 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ASEMC ENTRY MONTH: 199806

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/12923 1005 TITLE: Corrosion of candidate container materials by Yucca Mountain bacteria. AUTHORS: Horn J Jones D Lian T Martin S Rivera A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 25, 2001 KEYWORDS: Bacteria *Carbon steels *Containers *Corrosion *Ground water *Radioactive waste facilities *Radioactive waste disposal Stainless steel-304 Yucca mountain Biological fouling Nickel base alloys Copper alloys Chromium alloys Molybdenum alloys Tungsten alloys ORDER NUMBER: 19p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 200112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE2001-12215 1006 TITLE: Nitrate poisoning in cattle: 6. Tungsten as a prophylactic against nitrate-nitrite intoxication in ruminants. AUTHORS: KORZENIOWSKI A GEURINK JH KEMP A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Zootech., Cracow, Pol. SOURCE: NETH J AGRIC SCI; 29 (1). 1981. 37-48. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The amount of nitrite formed in the rumen after supply of KNO3 was decreased by omega, which was administered as Na2O4W to cows orally and by rumen fistula in daily doses of up to 6.6 mg W/kg body wt. This effect of omega depended on Mo content of the fodder and could be overcome in the case of high Mo levels. The relationship between nitrate intake of the animal, dose of omega administered to the animal daily and the highest concentration of nitrite reached in the rumen was given as a mathematical equation and in the form of a triangular diagram. By means of this 3 element relationship and from kinetic studies on the action of omega, a dosage pattern of omega was elaborated. The effectiveness of omega as a protective against nitrate intoxication was proved on cows dosed repeatedly and with single doses of nitrate up to 500 mg NO3-/kg body wt. omega offered a high degree of protection against nitrate toxicity to ruminants. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14797-65-0 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 CODEN: NETMA ENTRY MONTH: 198201 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/01357 1007 TITLE: Coliform transport in a pristine reservoir: Modeling and field studies. AUTHORS: GARVEY E TOBIASON JE HAYES M WOLFRAM E

RECKHOW DA MALE JW AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Civil Environ. Eng., Marston Hall, Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. SOURCE: WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 37 (2). 1998. 137-144. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This paper reports on field studies and model development aimed at understanding coliform fate and transport in the Quabbin Reservoir, an oligotrophic drinking water supply reservoir. An investigation of reservoir currents suggested the importance of wind driven phenomena, and that both lateral and vertical circulation patterns exist. In-situ experiments of coliform decay suggested dependence on light intensity and yielded an appropriate decay coefficient to be used in CE-QUAL-W2, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model. Modeling confirmed the sensitivity of reservoir outlet concentration to vertical variability within the reservoir, meteorological conditions, and location of coliform source. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): MATHEMATICS STATISTICS BIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS CYBERNETICS DARKNESS LIGHT LIGHTING BACTERIA/CLASSIFICATION BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY BACTERIA/METABOLISM AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION COMMUNICABLE DISEASES/MICROBIOLOGY ENTEROBACTERIACEAE KEYWORDS: Mathematical Biology and Statistical Methods Biophysics-Biocybernetics (1972- ) External Effects-Light and Darkness Bacteriology Physiology and Biochemistry of Bacteria Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Public Health: Microbiology Enterobacteriaceae (1992- ) LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WSTED ENTRY MONTH: 199807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/16222 1008 TITLE: Development of integrated mechanistically-based degradation-mode models for performance assessment of high-level waste containers. AUTHORS: Farmer JC McCright RD Estill JC Gordon SR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 25, 2001 ABSTRACT: Alloy 22 (UNS NO60221) is now being considered for construction of high level waste containers to be emplaced at Yucca Mountain and elsewhere. In essence, this alloy is 21% Cr, 13% MO, 4% Fe, 3% W, 2% Co, with the balance being Ni. Variants without tungsten are also being considered. Detailed mechanistic models have been developed to account for the corrosion of Alloy 22 surfaces in crevices that will inevitably form. Such occluded areas experience substantial decreases in pH, with corresponding elevations in chloride concentration. Experimental work has been undertaken to validate the crevice corrosion model, including parallel studies with 304 stainless steel. KEYWORDS: Corrosion resistant alloys *Containers *High-level radioactive wastes Crevice corrosion Performance Stainless steel-304 Nickel base alloys Radioactive waste disposal Mathematical models ORDER NUMBER: 10p Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA. PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH:

200112 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE2001-14714 1009 TITLE: HYGIENIC PROBLEMS IN THE USE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN VARIOUS BRANCHES OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AUTHORS: BORISENKOVA RV KHODYKINA TM SOURCE: GIGIENA I SANITARIYA; 0 (1). 1998. 17-19. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM RESEARCH ARTICLE TOXICOLOGY WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL ECONOMY INDUSTRIAL WASTE ARSENIC TOXIN CADMIUM HEAVY METALS MERCURY ZINC SELENIUM LEAD FLUORINE GASES BENZAPYRENE CARCINOGENS BORON COBALT MOLYBDENUM NICKEL COPPER ANTIMONY CHROMIUM BARIUM VANADIUM TUNGSTEN MANGANESE ACETOPHENONE PHOSPHOGYPSUM PRODUCTION WASTE UTILIZATION WASTE MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY SAFETY-RELATED CLASSIFICATION HEALTH-RELATED PROBLEMS RUSSIA PALEARCTIC REGION MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY PATHOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES PUBLIC HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Public Health: Environmental Health-Miscellaneous CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-49-2 7782-41-4 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-02-0

7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 98-86-2 50-32-8 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 199807 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/17795 1010 TITLE: Macro and microchemistry of trace metals in vitrified domestic wastes by laser ablation ICP-MS and scanning electron microprobe X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. AUTHORS: MOTELICA-HEINO M LE COUSTUMER P THOMASSIN JH GAUTHIER A DONARD O FX AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lab. Chimie Bio-Inorganique Environ., EP CNRS 132, Helioparc, 6400 Pau, France. SOURCE: TALANTA; 46 (3). 1998. 407-422. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Management of domestic wastes often relies on incineration, a process that eliminates large amount of wastes but also produces toxic residues that concentrate heavy metals. Those hazardous secondary wastes require specific treatment. Vitrification is seen as a powerful way to stabilise them. However, concern exists about the long term behaviour of these glass wastes and the potential release of toxic species into the environment. The answers will come with further investigation into the physico-chemical evolution of the vitrified wastes and the mobility of hazardous elements within the matrix with appropriate analytical methods. Laser ablation coupled with inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a challenging technique for the chemical analysis of trace elements in solid materials. This paper presents an evaluation of the potential of LA- ICP-MS for macro and microanalysis of trace metals in domestic vitrified wastes with regards to other physical analytica MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ISOTOPES

RADIATION BIOCHEMISTRY/METHODS MINERALS/ANALYSIS BIOPHYSICS/METHODS SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Radiation-Radiation and Isotope Techniques Biochemical Methods-General Biochemical Methods-Minerals Biophysics-General Biophysical Techniques Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7723-14-0 7723-14-0 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: TLNTA ENTRY MONTH: 199809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/22360 1011 TITLE: THE USE OF NONDESTRUCTIVE HIGH ENERGY GAMMA PHOTON ACTIVATION FOR TRACE ELEMENT SURVEY ANALYSIS AUTHORS: HISLOP JS WILLIAMS DR SOURCE: J RADIOANAL CHEM; 16 (1). 1973 (RECD 1974) 329-341 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. KEYWORDS: HUMAN BLOOD URINE BONE ASH AIR PARTICULATES CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-16-7 10028-16-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-24-6 7440-69-9 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-54-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-19-9 7440-05-3 7440-42-8 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-93-2 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1

7439-89-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: JRACB ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1973 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/10422 1012 TITLE: Evaluation of workers exposed to dust containing hard metals and aluminum oxide. AUTHORS: SCHWARZ Y KIVITY S FISCHBEIN A ABRAHAM JL FIREMAN E MOSHE S DANNON Y TOPILSKY M GREIF J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Pulmonary Allery Inst., Tel Aviv Sourasky Med. Center, 6 Weizmann St., Tel Aviv 64239, Israel. SOURCE: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE; 34 (2). 1998. 177-182. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Background. Fourteen workers exposed to hard metals and aluminum oxide were evaluated. Methods. Six heavily exposed workers underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage, and five workers underwent transbronchial biopsy. Results. Microchemical analysis of transbronchial biopsies showed a high lung burden of exogenous particles, especially metals related to their hard metals exposure. Lung tissue and cellular changes, which were associated with exposure to hard metal and aluminum oxide, corresponded well with the microanalytic test results. Conclusions. Three workers had at biopsy diffuse interstitial inflammatory changes: two of them were asymptomatic with normal chest X-ray films, and one had clinically evident disease with severe giant cell inflammation. Two other workers showed focal inflammation. The worker showing clinical disease and one asymptomatic worker with interstitial inflammatory changes had elevated bronchoalveolar lavage fluid-eosinophilia counts. Th MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

PUBLIC HEALTH AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Respiratory System-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-02-0 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1344-28-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AJIMD ENTRY MONTH: 199809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/22567 1013 TITLE: Origin, metabolism, and adverse health effects of cholesterol oxidation products. AUTHORS: LINSEISEN J WOLFRAM G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Inst. Ernaehrungswissenschaft, TU Muenchen, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany. SOURCE: FETT; 100 (6). 1998. 211-218. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Cholesterol oxidation products (COP), also called oxysterols, enter the organism by intake of COP-containing

foodstuff or are generated in vivo by enzymatic or non-enzymatic oxidation (peroxidation) of cholesterol. COP are transported in lymph and blood with lipoproteins (mainly fatty acyl monoesters at the 3beta-position) or bound to albumin. As being substrates for acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), COP are esterified and exchanged between lipoproteins and are distributed in the whole organism. Kupffer cells and hepatocytes are the target cells for COP transformation and excretion via bile secretion. Regarding biological activities, COP reveal widespread effects on cholesterol metabolism as well as on structure and function of cellular membranes. Throughout their actions, COP were shown to be cytotoxic but they were also suggested to be regulatory agents. Their detrim MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ANIMALS CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY COENZYMES COMPARATIVE STUDY ENZYMES METABOLISM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY NEOPLASMS IMMUNITY HOMINIDAE MURIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-General Enzymes-General and Comparative Studies Metabolism-General Metabolism Digestive System-General Cardiovascular System-General Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-General Immunology and Immunochemistry-General Hominidae Muridae LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: XXAOP ENTRY MONTH: 199809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/23881 1014 TITLE: Trace Element Distribution in Organs and Tissues after Implantation of V4A Steels AUTHORS: Hofmann J Michel R Zilkens J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Cologne Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Kernchemie. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1980 ABSTRACT: TD3: Metallosis, a tissue reaction to metal implants which is caused by corrosion of the implanted metal caused by body liquids, makes activation analysis interesting as a method to determine trace element distributions in tissue and organs. Osteosynthesis of the left hind leg was carried out in 30 rabbits. The bone fragments were fixated with V4A steel plates and 3-4 screws each. One year after implantation, a total of 350 samples were taken in contact tissue, muscles, lymphatic tissue, kidneys, liver, lungs and heart and investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The elements Na, K, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Se, Rb, Mo, Cs, Ta, and W were quantitatively determined. Four animals of the same strain held under the same conditions were used as controls. It was found that the alloy components of the V4A steel implants burden the body even at considerable distance. Of particular interest are the findings for lymphatic tissue, liver and kidneys, which indicate tendencies of Cr and Ni accumulation KEYWORDS: Bone tissues Cesium Chromium Cobalt Iron Metals Molybdenum Nickel Potassium Rubidium Selenium Sodium Tantalum Tungsten Zinc Foreign technology Trace elements ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/AED-Conf-78-274-005, U.S. Sales Only., 16p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01

ENTRY MONTH: 198012 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/AED-Conf-78-274-005 1015 TITLE: HEAVY METAL ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION AROUND AN IRON SMELTER COMPLEX STUDIED BY THE MOSS BIOMONITORING TECHNIQUE AUTHORS: FRONTASYEVA MV STEINNES E SOURCE: LINKOV, I. AND R. WILSON (ED.). NATO ASI SERIES SERIES 2 ENVIRONMENT, VOL. 40. AIR POLLUTION IN THE URAL MOUNTAINS: ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND POLICY ASPECTS; NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP, MAGNITOGORSK, RUSSIA, MAY 26-30, 1997. XIII+455P. KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS: DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS; NORWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, USA. ISBN 0-7923-4967-9.; 40 (0). 1998. 383-389. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK CHAPTER MEETING PAPER HYLOCOMIUM-SPLENDENS BIOINDICATOR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION HEAVY METAL POLLUTANT ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION IRON SMELTER COMPLEX INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY IRON INDUSTRY STEEL INDUSTRY ANALYTICAL METHOD URAL MOUNTAINS RUSSIA MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONGRESSES BIOLOGY ECOLOGY GASES POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION PLANTS KEYWORDS: General Biology-Symposia Ecology Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Musci CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6

7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: XXALD ENTRY MONTH: 199809 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/24190 1016 TITLE: Influence of metals on siderophore production by Azotobacter chroococcum RRLJ 203. AUTHORS: BEZBARUAH B SAIKIA N AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Regional Res. Lab., Jorhat 785006, India. SOURCE: INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY; 36 (7). 1998. 680-687. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Strain of Azotobacter chroococcum isolated from iron rich (10% w/w) soil supplemented with Cu, W, Co, V, Zn, Fe, Mo and Ni and in iron free controls produced catechols in cultures after 24 hr. Azotobactin production was observed in 36 hr old cultures containing Cu, W, Co, V, Mn, Zn, Pb, Fe, Mo and Ni and in 48 hr old cultures containing Al, Co and iron free controls. Fungicidal potency of purified siderophores was more in cultures amended with Cu and Mn. Percentage seed germination increased in Zea mays, Cicer arietinum, Phaseolus mungo and Vigna catjung, when treated with siderophores obtained from cultures containing Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn and V. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/PHYSIOLOGY PLANTS/METABOLISM PLANTS/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY REPRODUCTION HERBICIDES PEST CONTROL PESTICIDES AZOTOBACTERACEAE GRASSES LEGUMES KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Metabolism-General Metabolism Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous Plant Physiology Pest Control Azotobacteraceae (1992- ) Gramineae Leguminosae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-66-6 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: IJEBA ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/25102 1017 TITLE: Criterion for Plasma-Wall-Interaction in a Reactor AUTHORS: Bieger W Dippel KH Wolf GH AUTHOR ADDRESS: Kernforschungsanlage Juelich G.m.b.H. (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Plasmaphysik. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 17, 1980 ABSTRACT: TD3: A criterion is formulated for the permissible degree of plasma-wall-interaction of a thermonuclear plasma. Taking the growth of alpha -particle concentration as a measure, the criterion is expressed in form of a simple relation between few characteristics such as 'relative toxicity' and 'energy related material yield'. The criterion is applied to the example of sputtering by fuel particles in the presence of a cool plasma mantle showing that high-Z materials like tungsten might become advantageous if the 'temperature' of the bombarding particles is in the range between 10 and 25 eV. (Atomindex citation 09:415616) KEYWORDS: D-T reactors Hot plasma Wall loading ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/Juel-1503, U.S. Sales Only., 19p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198103 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/Juel-1503

1018 TITLE: Grinding dusts of alloyed steel and hard metal. AUTHORS: KOPONEN M GUSTAFSSON T KALLIOMAKI P-L KALLIOMAKI K MOILANEN M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Outokumpu Oy, PO Box 280, SF-00101 Helsinki 10, Finland. SOURCE: ANN OCCUP HYG; 24 (2). 1981. 191-204. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A knowledge of the properties of airborne dusts containing compounds of Cr, Ni and Co is valuable when estimating biological monitoring methods and health risks. Chemical, physical and magnetic properties of alloyed steel and hard metal grinding dusts were examined. Stainless steel grinders (21) from 1 workshop were selected for measurements of magnetic lung contamination and urinary Cr and Ni. Dust samples were analyzed for total elemental composition, water solubility and acid solubility. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were used for characterizing dust particles. The highest concentration of total Cr (7-18%) was found in the dust from high-alloyed steel grinding. The concentration of total Ni varied between 1.5-6% in different types of alloyed steel grinding dusts. Dust particles had the same metallic structure as the ground stainless steel piece. Concentrations of W and Co in hard metal grinding dusts were up to 20 and 25%, respectively. An enrichment of Co in the airborne dust compared with the base material was also observed. Oxidation of alloyed elements in alloyed steel grinding dusts was slight and water soluble Cr and Ni compounds did not exist. All grinding dusts studied showed high magnetic moments, sufficiently for the in vivo measurement of lung retained dust. Average lung retention of metallic particles among stainless steel grinders was 200 mg. Urinary Cr and Ni values for all stainless steel grinders were below the detection limit. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12597-69-2 12597-69-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-33-7 7440-02-0 CODEN: AOHYA ENTRY MONTH: 198204 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/04893

1019 TITLE: Use of slag for dye removal. AUTHORS: RAMAKRISHNA KR VIRARAGHAVAN T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Fac. Eng., Univ. Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. SOURCE: WASTE MANAGEMENT; 17 (8). 1998. 483-488. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Adsorption techniques employing activated carbon have been found to be reasonably effective in the removal of some of the ionic impurities in water. However, economic considerations may require the use of inexpensive sorbents which are either naturally available or available as waste products from manufacturing processes. Slag is one such waste product obtained during the manufacture of steel, and the present study investigates dye removal characteristics of slag from colored waters. Aqueous solutions prepared from commercial grade acid, basic, and disperse dyes were used in this study, and batch pH, kinetic, and isotherm studies were undertaken on a laboratory scale. The data were evaluated for applicability to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and BET isotherm models, and the removal capacity of slag was compared with that of granular activated carbon. Results indicated approximately 94% removal of the disperse dye by slag, compared with a removal of approximately 49% achieve MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY SANITATION SEWAGE KEYWORDS: Biochemical Studies-General Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-39-3 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-23-5 7440-09-7 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6

7429-90-5 5850-35-1 2872-52-8 548-24-3 61-73-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: WAMAE ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/25583 1020 TITLE: Lung cancer risk in hard-metal workers. AUTHORS: MOULIN JJ WILD P ROMAZINI S LASFARGUES G PELTIER A BOZEC C DEGUERRY P PELLET F PERDRIX A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Serv. Epidemiol., Inst. Natl. Recherche Securite, Ave. de Bourgogne, BP 27, 54501 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France. SOURCE: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY; 148 (3). 1998. 241-248. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An industry-wide mortality study on the association between lung cancer and occupational exposure to cobalt and tungsten carbide was carried out in the French hard-metal industry. This case-control study was nested in the historical cohort of workers ever employed in this industry's 10 facilities, most of which are located in eastern France. Workers were followed up from 1968 to 1991. Occupational exposure was assessed using a job-exposure matrix that provided semiquantitative scores for 320 job periods. These scores were significantly correlated with the levels of cobalt measured in 744 historical air samples. In this cohort, which comprised 5,777 males and 1,682 females, the death rate from lung cancer was significant (63 deaths, standardized mortality ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.66) when compared with national death rates. Sixty-one cases and 180 controls were included in the study. When the exposures during the last 10 years were ignored, a two MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/DIAGNOSIS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY NEOPLASMS PUBLIC HEALTH HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Respiratory System-General Toxicology-General Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-General Public Health-General and Miscellaneous Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 11130-73-7 11130-73-7 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AJEPA ENTRY MONTH: 199810 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/26819 1021 TITLE: Control of Physical Agent Hazards of Arc Welding and Cutting AUTHORS: Bartley DL McKinnery WN Jr Wiegand KR AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 14, 1980 ABSTRACT: TD3: Measurements of the ultraviolet radiation from gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas metal (spray arc) welding (GMAW), and plasma arc cutting (PAC) were made using a micro-computer controlled rapid scan spectroradiometer. Welding of aluminum alloys containing low concentrations of magnesium were found to yield radiation of considerably greater biological activity than nonmagnesium alloys and, at a distance of one meter from the arc, up to a thousand times that of sunlight at the earth's surface. 'Biological activity' in this regard refers to the effectiveness in producing skin-shielded DNA response, and as such may be

related to the potential for carcinogencity. The use of GMAW consumable electrode wire containing 5 percent magnesium led to an order of magnitude greater biological activity than nonmagnesium wire. Magnesium in small concentrations was found to be important to radiation emission owing to the ease of vaporization into the arc and to the existance of magnesium emissions in the ultrav KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation Industrial medicine Arc welding Gas metal arc welding Welding Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB80-164866, 50p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198101 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB80-164866 1022 TITLE: Estimate of toxic element intake in diets of pre-school children and elderly collected by duplicate portion sampling. AUTHORS: MAIHARA VA VASCONCELLOS M BA CORDEIRO MB COZZOLINO S MF AUTHOR ADDRESS: Radiochem. Div., IPEN-CNEN, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil./DIAGNOSIS SOURCE: FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS; 15 (7). 1998. 782-788. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A study was carried out with a group of pre-school children staying at the central nursery of the University of Sao Paulo and with a group of elderly living in private institutions in Sao Paulo, Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the contents of toxic elements present in the diets of these groups. For sampling, the duplicate portion technique was used, which consisted of collecting all the foods and beverages consumed during three consecutive days. A radiochemical separation procedure was developed and applied to the determination of As, Cd, Sb, W, Th and U, by means of retention of these elements in the resin Chelex 100 and inorganic exchanger tin dioxide in an appropriate medium. The elements analysed presented levels of ingestion below the maximum levels recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and

thus can be considered as not presenting any health hazard to the individuals studied in the present work. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ECOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY AGING GERIATRICS CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDIATRICS HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Social Biology Biochemical Studies-General Nutrition-General Studies Toxicology-General Gerontology Pediatrics Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-61-1 7440-61-1 7440-43-9 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-29-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: FACOE ENTRY MONTH: 199812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/32552 1023 TITLE: Clinical testing of a sulfonylurea derivative, glibornuride AUTHORS: Zollner N Dorfler H Wolfram G AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Medizinische Universitats-Poliklinik, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 8 Munchen 2, Germany SOURCE: Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.; VOL 97 ISS Jul 21 1972, P1083-1086, (REF 7) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Glibornuride (I; Glutril) was evaluated in 93 diabetic patients between the ages of 33 and 84. Therapy varied from 4 months to almost 4 years. A daily dose of 12.5 to 50 mg was administered in the morning. Most patients were changed over to I from another sulfonylurea. The majority of patients who had been on combined tolbutamide and biguanide could be controlled on I alone. Those on biguanide and glyburide could be given I for the latter without change in metabolic state. I seemed superior to tolbutamide and, in higher doses, equal to glyburide in effect. KEYWORDS: Glibornuride diabetes therapy Antidiabetic agents evaluations glibornuride(Antidiabetic agents Glutril HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 26944-48-9 LANGUAGE: ger eng CODEN: DMWOA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 5 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/75/172057 1024 TITLE: Similarities in the chemical composition of carbonate groundwaters and seawater. AUTHORS: HODGE VF STETZENBACH KJ JOHANNESSON KH AUTHOR ADDRESS:

Dep. Chem., Univ. Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; 32 (17). 1998. 2481-2486. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Fifty-four elements were quantified in spring waters emanating from carbonate rock in Ash Meadows, in southern Nevada, and in Death Valley, CA. The results show that the concentrations of many of the trace elements found in these groundwaters are remarkably close to those found in modern seawater. The concentrations of 26 of the elements in the spring waters and seawater are within a factor of 2; 14 more are within a factor of 10; 8 elements are enriched in the groundwater by more than a factor of 10; and 6 elements are depleted by more than a factor of 10. Similarities in the trace chemical composition of ancient seawater and modern seawater can be inferred from the fingerprint of trace elements found in these carbonate rock-source spring waters. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY BIOCHEMISTRY SOIL KEYWORDS: General Biology-Conservation Ecology Biochemical Studies-General Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 37475-01-7 37475-01-7 34786-97-5 29505-79-1 25510-11-6 24959-67-9 24650-63-3 24646-13-7 24203-36-9 23713-49-7 22569-48-8 22541-12-4 22537-56-0 22537-48-0 22537-39-9 22537-38-8 22537-22-0 21645-51-2 20638-10-2 20427-59-2 17778-88-0 17341-24-1 16984-48-8 16887-00-6 16518-47-1 16397-91-4 16096-89-2 15955-35-8

15596-54-0 15158-11-9 14808-79-8 14797-55-8 14701-22-5 14485-39-3 14127-61-8 14124-68-6 14124-67-5 13494-80-9 10108-64-2 7785-87-7 7782-49-2 7757-86-0 7704-34-9 7487-88-9 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-56-4 7440-55-3 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-19-9 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-10-0 7440-09-7

7440-06-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-88-5 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 3812-32-6 3486-35-9 3333-67-3 1184-64-1 598-63-0 546-93-0 513-78-0 463-79-6 71-52-3 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/33434 1025 TITLE: Therapy of hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia with 2-acetamidoethyl-(4-chlorophenyl)-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy) acetate (Halofenate), a derivative of clofibrate AUTHORS: Keller C Wolfram G Zollner N AUTHOR ADDRESS: Medical Polyclinic, Univ. Munich, Munich, Germany SOURCE: Arzneim. Forsch.; VOL 26 ISS 12 1976, P2221-2224, (REF 8) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Twenty-three patients with hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia received halofenate and probenecid or probenecid and placebo over 36 weeks following a placebo period of 6 weeks. Halofenate, compared with probenecid, lowered elevated serum uric and levels satisfactorily to

a therapeutic level between 5 and 6 mg/100 ml. Serum triglyceride levels were not always lowered sufficiently, serum cholesterol levels were not influenced. KEYWORDS: Halofenate probenecid hyperlipidemias Uricosuric agents probenecid and halofenate probenecid and halofenate(Uricosuric agents Antilipemic agents halofenate and probenecid halofenate and probenecid(Antilipemic agents Combined therapy hyperlipidemias 2-Acetamidoethyl-(4-chlorophenyl)-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy) acetate HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 26718-25-2 26718-25-2 57-66-9 LANGUAGE: ger eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0004-4172 CODEN: ARZNA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 5 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1976 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/77/258042 1026 TITLE: Application of the theory of hydrophobic bonds to hair treatments AUTHORS: Hall KE Wolfram LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Gillette Co., Personal Care Div., Boston, Massachusetts 02106 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 28 ISS May 1977, P231-241, (REF 13)

ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A novel technique of hair treatment via introduction of nonpolar residues into hair structure in hydroalcoholic media is described. Hair modified in this manner exhibits greatly enhanced settability and high set retention, even at high levels of ambient humidity. The setting behavior can be manipulated by utilizing the differential swelling response of treated hair to water and aqueous alcohols. KEYWORDS: Hair bonds hydrophobic hydrophobic hair Alcohols effects LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/77/276113 1027 TITLE: Effects of detergents on swelling of stratum corneum AUTHORS: Putterman GJ Wolejsza NF Wolfram MA Laden K AUTHOR ADDRESS: Gillette Research Institute, 1413 Research Blvd., Rockville, Maryland 20850 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 28 ISS Sep 1977, P521-532, (REF 17) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Several surfactants were tested for their ability to produce in-plane swelling (increased surface area) of squares of guinea pig stratum corneum. Highest levels of swelling were observed with the anionic surfactants sodium laurate and sodium lauryl sulfate, while little

or no swelling was observed with the few cationic and nonionic surfactants examined. Although swelling in laurate was shown to be reversible, work index measurements revealed an irreversible weakening of the tissues. To gain insight into the mechanism of swelling, the effects of protein denaturants and delipidizing agents were also evaluated. It was concluded that protein denaturants, per se, do not cause stratum corneum swelling, but that swelling is due to a reversible conformation change resulting from cooperative binding of the detergent. Stratum corneum swelling could be of value for studying detergent-skin interactions and for predicting detergent penetration of skin and possible subsequent skin irritancy. Surfactants studied included sodium laurate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium oleate, lauryl isoquinolinium bromide (Q-75), stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and polyoxyethylene 23 lauryl ether (Brij 35). KEYWORDS: Detergents toxicity skin effects Surface active agents toxicity Mechanism of action toxicity Sodium lauryl sulfate skin Polyoxyethylene 23 lauryl ether Brij 35 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 151-21-3 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 4/11 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/78/285012 1028 TITLE: Percutaneous penetration of hair dyes AUTHORS: Maibach HI Wolfram LJ

AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Inc., Stamford, CT 06922 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 32 ISS Jul-Aug 1981, P223-229, (REF 14) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The scalp penetration of 2,4-diaminoanisole (4-methoxy-m-phenylenediamine; I), p-phenylenediamine (II), and N4,N4-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N'-methyl-2-nitro-p-p henylenediamine (HC Blue No. 1; III) occurring under conditions of hair dye usage was evaluated for both Rhesus monkey and human subjects using C 14 labeled materials. Results showed that both species exhibited a remarkably similar pattern of dye penetration. The average dose urinary excretion of I in the monkey was 0.02% and in man, 0.01%; II excretion in monkey and man was 0.14%; and III excretion in the monkey was 0.12% and in man, 0.09%. The quantity of dye retained by the hair is about 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than that penetrating the scalp for both I and II. With III, the color yield in hair is much less than that obtained with either I or II. KEYWORDS: 4-Methoxy-m-phenylenediamine absorption scalp p-Phenylenediamine scalp HC Blue No. 1 Hair preparations dyes absorption hair Tissue levels hair Drugs hair Excretion hair 2 N4 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 615-05-4 615-05-4 106-50-3 2784-94-3 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1915

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/81/459141 1029 TITLE: Dipyridamole kinetics AUTHORS: Mahony C Wolfram KM Cocchetto DM Bjornsson TD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Box 3813, Duke Med. Cent., Durham, NC 27710 SOURCE: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.; VOL 31 ISS Mar 1982, P330-338, (REF 27) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The kinetics of dipyridamole (I; Persantine) were studied in 6 healthy adults who each received 20 mg IV; 4 of the subjects also received a 50 mg oral dose. Blood samples were collected after each dose for a period of 3 days and concentrations of I were measured. Concentrations after the IV dose showed a triexponential decline with a terminal half-life of 11.6 +- 2.2 hr. Total plasma clearance was 8.27 +1.82 l/hr and the apparent volume of distribution was 141 +- 51 l. Concentrations rose 6-10 hr after intravenous I in each female subject, but not in the male subjects. Dipyridamole blood/plasma concentration ratio changed from an average of 0.7 over the first hr to 1.2 after 5 hr after the IV dose. There was an absorption lag time ranging from 34 to 75 min after the oral dose; concentrations peaked at about 2-2.5 hr after the dose. The percentage of unbound drug in plasma was 0.88 +- 0.24%. Systemic availability of the oral dose was 43 +- 13%. It was suggested that there are widely varying concentrations in patients receiving the drug. KEYWORDS: Dipyridamole pharmacokinetics half-life Sex patients relation Absorption oral Drug administration routes oral Excretion oral Binding proteins Drugs Anticoagulants pharmacokinetics dipyridamole(Anticoagulants Half-life Blood levels

Drugs Persantine HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 58-32-2 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0009-9236 CODEN: CLPTA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1915 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/82/488172 1030 TITLE: Heparin kinetics determined by 3 assay methods AUTHORS: Bjornsson TD Wolfram KM Kitchell BB AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. of Clin. Pharmacol., Box 3813, Duke Univ. Med. Cent., Durham, NC 27710 SOURCE: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.; VOL 31 ISS Jan 1982, P104-113, (REF 17) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Heparin (I) kinetics were determined in 4 healthy men, each of whom received 3 different doses (25, 50, and 75 units/kg body weight) of heparin sodium by IV injection. Multiple blood samples were collected after each dose and each plasma sample was assayed for I activity using 3 different assay methods. Two of these assays were based on coagulation tests, i.e., activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time, while the third was based on chemical neutralization of I using hexadimethrine bromide. Heparin kinetics showed pronounced dose dependent changes, irrespective of the assay method used, which were characterized by increasing biologic half-life and decreasing total clearance with increasing dose. No changes were noted in apparent volume of distribution. These data showed that there were differences in kinetic parameters of I depending on the assay method. In general, values for total clearance and apparent volume of distribution based on chemical neutralization were approximately 1.5 to 2.0 times these parameters based on coagulation tests. It was concluded that the immediate mechanism of the

dose dependent I kinetics is decreasing total clearance with increasing dose; it was suggested that in vivo activation of the anticoagulant properties of I may explain the assay-dependent kinetics. KEYWORDS: Heparin sodium pharmacokinetics relation Heparin Anticoagulants pharmacokinetics heparin sodium(Anticoagulants Dosage relation Methodology pharmacokinetics Half-life relation Excretion Blood levels pharmacokinetics Mechanism of action Drugs Analysis activity HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 9041-08-1 9041-08-1 9005-49-6 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0009-9236 CODEN: CLPTA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 5 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/82/480105 1031 TITLE: High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of dipyridamole in plasma and whole blood AUTHORS: Wolfram KM Bjornsson TD

AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. of Clin. Pharmacol., Dept. of Pharmacol. and Med., Duke Univ. Med. Ctr., Durham, NC SOURCE: J. Chromatogr.; VOL 183 ISS Jul 11 1980, P57-64, (REF 6) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A rapid HPLC method involving a single extraction step followed by evaporation and chromatography for the quantitative determination of dipyridamole in plasma and whole blood is described. Application of the method to the determination of the drug in plasma and whole blood from a healthy female volunteer after oral administration of 50 mg is demonstrated. KEYWORDS: Dipyridamole chromatography blood levels Blood levels liquid chromatography Vasodilating agents liquid chromatography dipyridamole(Vasodilating agents HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 58-32-2 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9673 CODEN: JOCRA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 15/14 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/83/539212 1032 TITLE: Drug therapy of hyperlipoproteinemia AUTHORS: Wolfram G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Med. Poliklinik d. Univ., Pettenkofer-St. 8a, 8000 Munchen, FRG

SOURCE: Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg.; VOL 123 ISS Jun 2 1983, P1063-1067, (REF ) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Guidelines for the long term treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia with diet and drugs are discussed and the prognosis for patients are assessed. KEYWORDS: Hyperlipoproteinemia therapy Antilipemic agents Nutrition diet hyperlipoproteinemia therapy Dosage schedules LANGUAGE: ger INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0011-9857 CODEN: DAZEA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 6 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/84/566107 1033 TITLE: Kinetics and metabolism of sulfinpyrazone AUTHORS: Mahony C Wolfram KM Nash PV Bjornsson TD AUTHOR ADDRESS: Box 3813, Duke Univ. Med. Ctr., Durham, NC 27710 SOURCE: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.; VOL 33 ISS Apr 1983, P491-497, (REF 21) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of oral sulfinpyrazone (I; Anturane), 200 mg, were characterized in 6 healthy adults. The plasma I/time concentration profiles indicated a post-absorptive biexponential decline with a mean terminal half-life of 299 +- 107 min. There was intersubject variation in the formation of the metabolites, the greatest being with the sulfide metabolite. Mean

half-life of the sulfide metabolite was 659 +- 192 min. The apparent fraction of I absorbed was 0.93 +- 0.24% and the free fraction in plasma was 1.26 +- 0.04%. It was determined that direct administration of the sulfide metabolite may provide a more predictable antithrombic effect in patients because the sulfide metabolite has a more potent antiplatelet effect and its formation in healthy subjects is variable. KEYWORDS: Sulfinpyrazone pharmacokinetics metabolism Uricosuric agents pharmacokinetics sulfinpyrazone(Uricosuric agents metabolism Blood levels metabolites Half-life Absorption humans Metabolism Anturane HUMAN CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 57-96-5 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0009-9236 CODEN: CLPTA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1915 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/84/561210 1034 TITLE: Detection of type I allergy in patients with pneumoconiosis. AUTHORS: KINO T IZUMI T OSHIMA S SOURCE: JPN J CHEST DIS; 40 (10). 1981. 826-835. ABSTRACT:

HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Patients with pneumoconiosis developed IgE mediated type I allergy in the course of the disease. Serum IgE levels were measured and specific IgE antibodies to mite and silkworm moth wings, which were considered to be the most common airborn allergens in Japan, were determined. The adjuvant effect of silica, Mn and/or W was regarded as a possible explanation for the allergy. The group of 243 patients with pneumoconiosis consisted of 59 rubstone quarry workers, 83 Mn miners, 27 foundry workers, 17 tungsten miners, 9 coal miners, 9 potters, 8 artificial-rubstone workers and 31 other ex-miners and ex-quarrymen. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7631-86-9 7631-86-9 7440-33-7 7439-96-5 CODEN: NKYRA ENTRY MONTH: 198206 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/07038 1035 TITLE: Friction of skin AUTHORS: Wolfram LJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Inc., Stamford, CT 06922 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 34 ISS Dec 1983, P465-476, (REF 13) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The methodology of techniques employed in the tactile measurement of the frictional properties of the skin, and its application to the evaluation of the cosmetic attributes of the skin (smoothness, greasiness, and moisturization) and the effects of skin moisturizing products are reviewed. Reported values of the coefficient of friction in skin in vivo and the effect of hydration on the skin are presented. Equations employed in the determination of skin friction are given. KEYWORDS: Hydration skin evaluation Coefficient of friction methodology friction Moisture Texture Surface

friction Moisturizers Cosmetics evaluations Oils Equations skin LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 18/11 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/85/567024 1036 TITLE: Trace metals in Lake Cayuga lake trout (Salvenlinus namaycush) in relation to age. AUTHORS: TONG S SC YOUNGS WD GUTENMANN WH LISK DJ SOURCE: J FISH RES BOARD CAN; 31 (2). 1974 238-239 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Cr concentration increased and Mo and tin concentrations decreased in Lake Cayuga (New York, USA) lake trout (S. namaycush) from age 1-12 yr. The concentrations of 33 other trace metals in the fish are reported. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-16-7 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-55-3 7440-39-3 7440-65-5 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6

7440-31-5 7440-48-4 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-62-2 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-74-6 7440-66-6 7440-50-8 7440-46-2 7440-56-4 7440-67-7 7440-18-8 7440-27-9 7440-30-4 7440-16-6 7440-05-3 7439-89-6 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7429-90-5 CODEN: JFRBA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/01208 1037 TITLE: Nifedipine stability in cardioplegic solution AUTHORS: Bottorff MB Graves DA McAllister RG Batenhorst RL Foster TS AUTHOR ADDRESS: Drug Product Evaluation Unit, College of Pharm., Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 SOURCE: Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.; VOL 41 ISS Oct 1984, P2068-2070, (REF 9) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The stability of nifedipine (I) in cardioplegic solutions was studied under different storage conditions. Cardioplegic solutions containing I at 275 and 500 mcg/l were stored in plastic bags

covered in brown plastic wrappers (1) under normal room light at 25DGC and (2) in a dark refrigerator at 4DGC. Samples were removed periodically for 48 h. Infusions of cardioplegic solution containing 275 mcg/l were simulated using tubing and flow rates of 100, 200 and 300 ml/min; bags were covered with aluminum foil, while tubing was exposed to normal room lighting or tungsten lighting, which does not degrade I. Gas chromatography was used for I assays. Nifedipine degraded more rapidly at 25DGC than at 4DGC. However, even when protected from light and refrigerated, I concentrations declined to less than 90% of original potency by approximately 6 h after preparation. There was no significant degradation during the simulated infusion regardless of light exposure or flow rate. It was concluded that cardioplegic solutions containing I should be prepared immediately before the surgical procedure, refrigerated until use and protected from light until administration. KEYWORDS: Nifedipine stability effects Storage effects Photodecomposition cardioplegic injections Drug administration rate Temperature effects nifedipine stability Light Injections Flow rates Cardioplegic solutions CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 21829-25-4 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0002-9289 CODEN: AJHPA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/85/613099 1038 TITLE: Partial purification and properties of cotyledonary alpha-galactosidases from three cultivars of Vigna unguiculata.

AUTHORS: OLIVEIRA-NETO O BD GOMEZ-FILHO E PRICSO JT ENEAS-FILHO J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lab. Fisiologia Vegeta, Dep. Bioquimica Biol. Mol., Univ. Federal Ceara, C.P. 1065, Fortaleza, Ceara 60.001-970, Brazil. SOURCE: REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL; 10 (2). 1998. 91-96. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Cotyledonary alpha-galactosidases of quiescent seeds from Pitiuba, Vita 3, and Vita 5 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) cultivars were partially purified through precipitation of the crude extract with ammonium sulphate between 20 and 85% saturation, followed by association of molecular exclusion through a Sephadex G-100 column and ion-exchange CM-Cellulose chromatography. When subjected to SDS-PAGE the partially purified enzyme from all three cultivars has shown only one band corresponding to a molecular mass of about 33 kDa. Its optimum pH was 6.0 and it was heat-stable up to 50 C. There were no significant differences among the three cultivars as far as the response of the enzyme to the different effectors tested, except for Co2+ that has shown 21, 34 and 40% enzyme activity inhibitions for Pitiuba, Vita 5, and Vita 3, respectively. The enzymes of the three cultivars were not affected by 2-Mercoptoethanol, slightly affected by EDTA, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe2+, and part MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ENZYMES/ANALYSIS ENZYMES/CHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS PLANTS/ENZYMOLOGY LEGUMES KEYWORDS: Enzymes-Methods Enzymes-Chemical and Physical Plant Physiology Leguminosae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 15723-28-1 15723-28-1 13494-80-9 7440-70-2 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-36-0 7440-33-7

7440-31-5 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: XXAFA ENTRY MONTH: 199812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/33670 1039 TITLE: Characterization of flue gas residues from municipal solid waste combustors. AUTHORS: LE FORESTIER L LIBOUREL G AUTHOR ADDRESS: CRPG-CNRS, BP 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; 32 (15). 1998. 2250-2256. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Solid residues recovered from treatment of flue gas resulting from the combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW) are of particular concern because of ever-increasing worldwide production rates and their concentrations of potentially hazardous transition elements and heavy metals. Three main residue types have been studied in this study: electrostatic precipitator ashes, wet filter cakes, and semidry scrubber residues. Using a large number of residues from two French MSW combustion (MSWC) facilities, the aim of this work is to determine their chemistry and mineralogy in order to shed light on their potential toxicity. We find that pollutant concentrations are dependent not only on the composition of MSW but also on the size of particles and flue gas treatment process. Using a procedure based on leaching, grain-size, density, and magnetic separations, we present a detailed description of the mineralogy of MSWC solid residues. These residues consist of a very heterogeneous MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): POISONING

ANIMALS, LABORATORY SANITATION SEWAGE AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Toxicology-General Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 21645-51-2 21645-51-2 14808-60-7 14798-04-0 14542-23-5 14358-97-5 13983-17-0 13462-86-7 13397-24-5 12252-12-9 12194-71-7 12177-68-3 7782-50-5 7782-42-5 7782-41-4 7758-95-4 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7647-14-5 7646-85-7 7447-40-7 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-44-0 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1

7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1317-80-2 1317-60-8 1317-36-8 1309-38-2 1306-04-3 1305-78-8 1302-74-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 199812 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/33945 1040 TITLE: Catalytic Hydrogenation for Coal-Derived Liquids. Interim Report, June-August, 1979 AUTHORS: Berg L McCandless FP AUTHOR ADDRESS: Montana State Univ., Bozeman. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 16, 1980 ABSTRACT: TD3: The concept of fabricating catalysts specifically designed to hydrodenitrogenate solvent refined coal has been continued. Using catalyst bases of specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter and impregnating them with tungsten, nickel, cobalt and/or molybdenum has yielded denitrogenation of SRC from 1.17% nitrogen to as low as 0.01% nitrogen after 45 minutes use and 0.1% nitrogen after 90 minutes, and desulfurization of SRC from 0.73% to as low as 0.2% sulfur after three hours. The catalysts appear to be a cross between hydrotreating and hydrocracking catalysts and will require a burn-off and resulfiding after four to six hours of operation. Five additional catalysts have been discovered which appear to offer the possibility of an economically attractive process for converting solvent-refined coal into a feedstock suitable for a conventional petroleum refinery. (ERA citation 05:011086) KEYWORDS: Catalysts Solvent-refined coal Air pollution control ORDER NUMBER:

NTIS/FE-2034-16, 43p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy. ENTRY MONTH: 198103 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/FE-2034-16 1041 TITLE: Influence of temporal changes in relative humidity on dry deposition velocities and fluxes of aerosol particles bearing trace elements. AUTHORS: QUINN TL ONDOV JM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Chem. Biochem., Univ. Md., College Park, MD 20742, USA. SOURCE: ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT; 32 (20). 1998. 3467-3479. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. To estimate the significance of temporal changes in RH on dry deposition to a water surface, size-segregated particulate aerosol samples were collected with nine-stage micro-orifice impactors at average RH ranging from < 60 to 95% at a shoreline site along the Chesapeake Bay. These were analyzed by instrumental neuron activation for up to 44 elements including Al, As, Br, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, S, Sb, Se, V, and Zn. Distribution parameters, e.g., mass median aerodynamic diameters (mmad) were calculated from the resulting size spectra for each element and used to characterize particle growth as a function of RH. The spectra were used in an adaptation of the Williams' (1982) model along with half-hourly meteorological observations made over a nine-month period at a northern Bay Buoy station to investigate the effects of temporal variations in RH on the deposition fluxes of important elemental aerosol constituents. Additional modeling was done using the hygroscopic growth MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CLIMATE ECOLOGY METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS BIOPHYSICS MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY HUMIDITY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION

KEYWORDS: Ecology Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules External Effects-Humidity (1972- ) Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-79-8 14808-79-8 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-57-5 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-09-7 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: AENVE ENTRY MONTH: 199901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/36505 1042 TITLE: Chemical- and photo-bleaching of brown and red hair

AUTHORS: Wolfram LJ Albrecht L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Clairol Res. Lab., Stamford, CT 06922 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 38 ISS May-Jun 1987, P179-191, (REF 11) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The changes in hair color that are attendant upon bleaching of hair with hydrogen peroxide or upon exposure to sunlight using reflectance measurements were examined using brown and red hair samples obtained from 2 female subjects. Results obtained suggest that phaeomelanin, the colorant of red hair, is more resistant to chemical or photo-degradation than eumelanin, the pigment in brown and black hair. KEYWORDS: Eumelanin hair effects Phaeomelanin Hydrogen peroxide bleaching hair Bleaching agents pigments melanins hair Light CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 12627-86-0 12627-86-0 12627-61-1 7722-84-1 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/88/789213 1043

TITLE: ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION AUTHORS: Tartaglione T AUTHOR ADDRESS: Harborview Medical Center ZA-89, 325 9th Ave., Seattle, WA 98104. SOURCE: ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting; VOL 23 ISS Dec 1988, PAIDS-1, (REF ) COMMENTS: Abstract of Meeting Presentation ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Antiviral agents under investigation for the treatment of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) will be discussed. Multiple mechanisms exist by which antiviral agents might inhibit the replication of HIV or eradicate its latent form in affected cells, or both. These mechanisms include (1) interference with the cell surface receptor for HIV, (2) prevention of uncoating of viral particles, (3) inhibition of reverse transcriptase, (4) prevention of integration and posttranscription processing, (5) interference with viral assembly, and (6) interference with virus release. Most agents developed thus far work by inhibiting HIV reverse transcriptase. Suramin, ribavirin, ammonium 21-tungsten-9-antimoniate (HPA-23), foscarnet (phosphonoformate, PFA), peptide T, ampligen, AL 721, zalcitabine (dideoxycytidine), and zidovudine (formerly azidothymidine) have antiretroviral activity in vitro. To date, zidovudine is the only antiretroviral agent approved by the FDA as clinically effective. However, zidovudine has serious toxicities, including neutropenia and anemia; in some patients, dosage reduction or cessation of therapy may be necessary. Because treatment with zidovudine does not cure HIV infection, numerous studies are underway with other anti-HIV agents. Summaries of the treatment trials with the newer antiretrovirals will be discussed in depth. Additionally, information regarding drug interactions with zidovudine will be presented. Ultimately, combinations of agents (i.e., zidovudine plus acyclovir) probably will be used to suppress or eradicate HIV. KEYWORDS: Antivirals acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Human immunodeficiency virus ASHP meeting abstracts acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antivirals LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 5 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

IPA/89/831568 1044 TITLE: Arterial deepvenous difference of lipoproteins in skeletal muscle of patients in postoperative state: effects of medium chain triglyceride emulsion AUTHORS: Hailer S Jauch KW Gunther B Wolfram G Heberer G et al AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institut fur Ernahrungswissenschaft, der Technischen Universitat Munchen, D-8050 Freising, FRG SOURCE: JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr.; VOL 12 ISS Jul-Aug 1988, P377-381, (REF 25) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Serum lipoproteins were measured before and after passage through the skeletal muscle by a forearm technique in 8 patients after abdominal operation to assess the effects of fat emulsions containing 5% medium chain triglycerides and 5% long chain triglycerides. Uptake and release of lipoprotein components by skeletal muscle are given by arterial deepvenous differences considering blood flow rates. Positive differences of very low density lipoprotein triglycerides after 4 h infusion showed cleavage and uptake of infused medium chain triglycerides by the muscle. Release of low density lipoprotein is more pronounced after fat infusion, suggesting degradation and enhanced catabolism of artificial fat particles. It was concluded that the combination emulsion is utilized not only by the liver but also by extrahepatic tissues and can serve as an energy source for these tissues. KEYWORDS: Fat emulsions triglycerides medium and long chain medium chain long chain Nutrition medium and long chain triglycerides HUMAN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0148-6071 CODEN: JPEND ENTRY MONTH: 199507

CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/89/834072 1045 TITLE: Isolation and growth of the phototrophic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain B1 in sago-starch-processing wastewater. AUTHORS: GETHA K VIKINESWARY S CHONG VC AUTHOR ADDRESS: Postgrad. Studies Res., Univ. Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. SOURCE: WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY; 14 (4). 1998. 505-511. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. An indigenous strain of the purple non-sulphur phototrophic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain Bl, was selected for the utilization and treatment of wastewater from a sago-starch-processing decanter. Growth of Strain Bl under anaerobic-light conditions in the carbohydrate-rich effluent was optimized by using 50% (v/v) effluent diluted in a basal minimal mineral medium with the addition to 0.1% (w/v) yeast extract. The optimum level of nitrogen source supplement, ammonium sulphate, was 1.0 g/l. Highest cell mass concentration was achieved by using tungsten lamps as the light source with a light intensity of 4 klux. Under these optimal conditions, a maximum biomass of about 2.5 g dry cell/l with a pigment content of about 1.1 mg carotenoid/g dry weight cell was achieved after 96 h of anaerobic cultivation. There was a 77% reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the effluent. A cell yield of about 0.59 g dry weight cell/g COD was obtained. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION FERMENTATION INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY PHOTOTROPHIC BACTERIA KEYWORDS: Public Health: Environmental Health-Air Food and Industrial Microbiology-General and Miscellaneous Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria (1992- ) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7783-20-2 LANGUAGE:

eng CODEN: WJMBE ENTRY MONTH: 199901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/36574 1046 TITLE: What Has Happened to the Survivors of the Early Los Alamos Nuclear Accidents AUTHORS: Hempelman LH Lushbaugh CC Voelz GL AUTHOR ADDRESS: Los Alamos Scientific Lab., NM. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 18, 1980 ABSTRACT: TD3: Two nuclear accidents involving a plutonium sphere just subcritical in size occurred at the Los Alamos Laboratory, LA-1 in 1945 and LA-2 in 1946. Because remote control devices were deemed unreliable at the time, the tamper material (tungsten carbide bricks in LA-1 and beryllium hemispheres in LA-2) was added by hand with the operator standing next to the assembly. In each case the critical size of the assembly was accidentally exceeded and the resultant exponentially increasing chain reaction emitted a burst of neutrons and gamma rays. Ten persons were exposed to the radiation bursts which were largely composed of neutrons. The doses ranged from fatal in the case of the two operators, to small in the case of some survivors. The two operators died within weeks as a result of acute radiation injury. Only six of the eight survivors were available for follow-up study ten or more years after the accident. Four of these six survivors are now dead, but the two living survivors are in excellent health KEYWORDS: Anemias Delayed radiation effects Radiation injuries ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/LA-UR-79-2802, Microfiche copies only., 33p PRICE: NTIS Prices: MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Inc., TN

Department of Energy. ENTRY MONTH: 198105 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/LA-UR-79-2802 1047 TITLE: THE DETERMINATION OF CYANOCOBALAMIN IN MVC 9+4 PEDIATRIC BY A MODIFIED HPLC METHODOLOGY AUTHORS: Moy SS Diehl R Sayeed F Alam A AUTHOR ADDRESS: Lyphomed, Incorporated, 2045 Cornell Ave., Melrose Park, IL 60160, USA SOURCE: ASHP Annual Meeting; VOL 47 ISS Jun 1990, PP-23D, (REF ) COMMENTS: Abstract of Meeting Presentation ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP An HPLC method has been developed for the determination of cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) in a parenteral multivitamin preparation containing 13 vitamins (MVC 9+4) designed for pediatric patients. Cyanocobalamin is a cobalt containing B complex vitamin and is used in the formulation of Lyphomed's MVC 9+4. This HPLC method for cyanocobalamin is a modification of a published method. The method involves injecting 1 ml of the sample (no sample preparation is needed) into a C-18 column. Cyanocobalamin is detected using a tungsten lamp at 546 nm and elutes isocratically at 2 mL/min with 26% methanol. A system suitability test was developed in which the relative standard deviation of six injections of a cyanocobalamin standard (0.2 mcg/ml) was found to be not more than 4%. The average recovery of cyanocobalamin in MVC 9+4 was 100%. Results generated by the HPLC method and the USP method (microbiological assay) show an average relative standard deviation of 4% and 11%, respectively. The method also resolves cyanocobalamin from the other ingredients and their derivatives in MVC 9+4. The modified HPLC assay is simpler, stability indicating, accurate and superior to the current USP method employed for the assay of cyanocobalamin. KEYWORDS: Cyanocobalamin chromatography pediatric multiple vitamins Practice Interest Areas Pharmaceutical Industry meeting presentations ASHP meeting abstracts cyanocobalamin in pediatric multiple vitamins Vitamins

multiple cyanocobalamin determination Injections Pediatrics determination Vitamin B12 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68-19-9 LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1914 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1990 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/90/910104 1048 TITLE: Calorimetric analysis of powder compression. Part 1. Design and development of a compression calorimeter AUTHORS: Wurster DE Rowlings CE Creekmore JR AUTHOR ADDRESS: Coll. of Pharm., Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA SOURCE: Int. J. Pharm.; VOL 116 ISS Mar 28 1995, P179-189, (REF 16) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The heat of compression and work of compression of 3 common pharmaceutical excipients were determined using experimental instrumentation of original design; the heat of compression was independently determined using 2 different temperature sensors: a tungsten wire temperature sensor positioned within the powder sample and a 2-thermistor system positioned behind thin metal plates in the lower surface of the upper punch. The effective heat capacity of the sample, when contained within the punch and die apparatus, was determined by a simultaneous heating and compression method. Upper and lower punch force transducers and a displacement transducer were used to determine the work of compression. Exothermic powder compression subprocesses outweighed the endothermic subprocesses and an overall net exotherm was observed. The rank orders of the heats of compression determined from the in-sample and in-punch temperature sensors were in agreement. It was concluded that this method may be used to characterize and quantify fundamental powder compression behavior. KEYWORDS:

Calorimetry excipients powder compression Powders compression calorimetry Methodology powder compression powders LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0378-5173 CODEN: IJPHD ENTRY MONTH: 199601 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 14/18 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/96/1090361 1049 TITLE: WATER ANALYSIS AUTHORS: FISHMAN MJ ERDMANN DE STEINHEIMER TR SOURCE: ANAL CHEM; 53 (5). 1981. 182R-214R. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. REVIEW PESTICIDE DETERGENT HEAVY METAL POLLUTION POLY CHLORINATED BI PHENYL NITRATE AMMONIA HALIDE SEWAGE DRINKING WATER SAMPLING TECHNIQUE CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14808-79-8 14808-79-8 14797-65-0 14797-55-8 14265-45-3 7782-49-2 7723-14-0 7664-41-7 7440-74-6 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-62-2

7440-61-1 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-15-5 7440-02-0 7439-98-7 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 2074-87-5 302-04-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: ANCHA ENTRY MONTH: 198207 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/09161 1050 TITLE: Assessment of environmental impact of coal exploration and exploitation in the drama basin, Northeastern Greek-Macedonia. AUTHORS: FOSCOLOS AE GOODARZI F KOUKOUZAS C HATZIYIANNIS G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Geol. Survey Canada, 3303 33rd St., NW, Calgary, AB, Canada. SOURCE: ENERGY SOURCES; 20 (9). 1998. 795-820. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Forty-three samples of lignites and their partings from six boreholes from the Drama Basin, Macedonia, in northwestern Greece were analyzed for their mineralogy and geochemistry.

Mineralogical analysis of low temperature (120C) ashes indicates that quartz and gypsum are present in all samples, while feldspars, clay minerals, and pyrite are present in most samples. Amphiboles, magnetite, diopside, anatase, siderite, stromayerite, and kizerite are encountered in order of abundance in fewer samples. In addition, calcite is present in all partings. Mineralogical analysis of high temperature (855C) ashes reveals the presence of quartz, feldspars, anhydrite, and hematite in most of the samples while maghemite, lime, and rutile are encountered in order of abundance in fewer samples. Sulfur content of these lignites is low to medium (0.4-1.17 percent daf) and is mostly inorganic (sulfur associated with mineral matter). Sulfur associated with macerals (organic sulfur) as deter MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): ECOLOGY KEYWORDS: Ecology CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 68476-25-5 68476-25-5 14808-60-7 14483-19-3 14476-16-5 13397-26-7 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 1317-70-0 1309-36-0 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: EGYSA ENTRY MONTH: 199901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/37133 1051 TITLE: Comparison of Neutron Activation Analysis and ICP-MS used for river water pollution control. AUTHORS: PINTE G

VEADO M AR OLIVEIRA AH KHALIS M AYRAULT S REVEL G AUTHOR ADDRESS: Pierre Sue Lab., CEA-CNRS, C.E.aclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France. SOURCE: HYDROBIOLOGIA; 373-374 (0). 1998. 61-73. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This paper compares the performance and limitations of two analytical methods for samples from the environment: Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Inductively Coupled Plasma with Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). A Brazilian river, the Das Velhas, was chosen as the test-site. This river runs through a Fe, Mn and Au mining area. The two methods were initially tested on three international reference materials: SLRS-3 (riverine water, Research Council Canada), GS-N (granite, ANRT, France) and SOIL-7 (soil, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria). Actual river samples (water and sediments) were analysed next. The INAA and ICP-MS results were generally in good agreement. However, ICP-MS analysis occasionally suffered from random flask contamination (e.g. Zn). The concentrations obtained by ICP-MS for certain elements (e.g. Zr) were lower than the certified values and results from INAA, probably because the dissolution of their natural forms (oxides) w MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES ECOLOGY MARINE BIOLOGY AIR POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTANTS WATER POLLUTION KEYWORDS: Ecology Public Health: Environmental Health-Air CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-60-0 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-54-2 7440-53-1 7440-52-0 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3

7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-43-9 7440-42-8 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-30-4 7440-29-1 7440-28-0 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-22-4 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7440-10-0 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-00-8 7439-98-7 7439-95-4 7439-94-3 7439-93-2 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-91-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: HYDRB ENTRY MONTH: 199901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/37168 1052 TITLE: Tungsten AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: TA:Canadian water quality guidelines PG: YR:1987 IP: VI: ABSTRACT:

KEYWORDS: < ENVIRONMENT > ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS water LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 199211 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1987 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: RISKLINE/1992110065 1053 TITLE: Surface Treatment of Non-Ferrous Metals for the Purpose of Gas Analysis AUTHORS: Quaglia L Weber G David D Triffaux J Geerts J AUTHOR ADDRESS: Commission of the European Communities, Geel (Belgium). Central Bureau for Nuclear Measurements. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 14, 1982 ABSTRACT: TD3: The present report is an updating of earlier reports published in 1972 and 1976. Its major improvement compared to the earlier reports is that greater importance has been devoted to quantify the parameters of mechanical shaping techniques to be used with or without subsequent chemical etching. Surface treatments have been studied and standardized for a number of non-ferrous metals. Recommendations were generally made on the basis of the following: the proposed treatment must give a minimum surface content; it must exhibit good reproducibility; it must be easy to perform with equipment normally available in analytical laboratories. The recommended treatments are presented in the form of sheets. They give full information on mechanical shaping parameters if these are important, and -if needed- the subsequent chemical etching conditions. Typical residual surface contents are given for oxygen, carbon and nitrogen. They refer to samples freshly prepared. The metals or alloys concerned a decay into a KEYWORDS: Aluminium Aluminium alloys Carbon Copper Gas analysis Lead Molybdenum Nickel

Nitrogen Oxygen Titanium Tungsten Vanadium Zirconium ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/EUR-6602, U.S. Sales Only., 24p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1979 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/EUR-6602 1054 TITLE: Giant-cell interstitial pneumonia in a gas station worker. AUTHORS: LEE SM MOON CH OH YB KIM HY AHN Y KO EJ JOO J-E AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Internal Med., No Won Eulji General Hosp., 280-1 Hagye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-231, South Korea. SOURCE: JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE; 13 (5). 1998. 545-547. ABSTRACT: BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Giant-cell interstitial pneumonia (GIP) is a very uncommon respiratory disease. The majority of cases of GIP are caused by exposure to cobalt, tungsten and other hard metals. In this report, we describe GIP in a patient who worked in gas station and dealt in propane gas vessels. He presented with clinical features of chronic interstitial lung disease and underwent an open lung biopsy that showed DIP-like reaction with large numbers of intra-alveolar macrophages and numerous large, multinucleated histiocytes which were admixed with the macrophages. Analysis of lung tissue for hard metals was done. Cobalt was the main component of detected hard metals. Corticosteroid therapy was started and he recovered fully. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): CYTOLOGY HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY

PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS PATHOLOGY THERAPEUTICS RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ENDOCRINE GLANDS/DRUG EFFECTS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM/DRUG EFFECTS POISONING ANIMALS, LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS/POISONING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES HOMINIDAE KEYWORDS: Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human Biochemical Studies-General Pathology Pathology Pathology Respiratory System-Pathology Pharmacology-Endocrine System Pharmacology-Respiratory System Toxicology-General Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health Hominidae CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: JKMSE ENTRY MONTH: 199901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: BIOSIS/98/37854 1055 TITLE: Cobalt, elemental and inorganic compounds AUTHORS: Anonymous SOURCE: TA:ACGIH. Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices PG:10 p YR:2001 IP: VI:7th Ed ABSTRACT: A TLV-TWA of 0.02 mg/m3, as Co, is recommended for occupational exposure to elemental cobalt and inorganic cobalt compounds. This value is intended to minimize the potential for developing asthma, pulmonary function

alterations, and myocardial effects. The recommended TLV applies to cobalt exposure in the cemented tungsten carbide industry, even though concomitant exposure to abrasive particulates may also be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary changes observed. Experimental animal studies with cobalt by various routes of treatment have induced tumorigenic responses that serve as the basis for an A3, Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans, notation. However, ACGIH recognizes there is uncertainty about the carcinogenicity of cobalt and cobalt compounds to humans. Sufficient data were not available to recommend Skin or SEN notations or a TLV-STEL. Cobalt is a substance for which Biological Exposure Indices (BEls) have been recommended (see BEI Documentation for Cobalt). KEYWORDS: < ANIMAL > acute toxicity subchronic toxicity carcinogenicity carcinogens respiratory system cardiovascular system < HUMAN > epidemiological study human exposure chronic effect toxicokinetics respiratory system cardiovascular system metallurgy dust CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng ENTRY MONTH: 200208 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2001 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: RISKLINE/2002060048 1056 TITLE: MATERIALS FOR ESTABLISHING A HYGIENIC STANDARD FOR TUNGSTEN IN AMBIENT AIR AUTHORS: IDIYATULLINA FK SOURCE: GIG SANIT; 0 (9). 1981. 79-81. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. NOTE GONADO TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:

7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: rus CODEN: GISAA ENTRY MONTH: 198209 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/82/11552 1057 TITLE: Metabolic cycles for toxic elements in aqueous systems. AUTHORS: WOOD JM SOURCE: REV INT OCEANOGR MED; 31-32 1973 (RECD 1974) 7-16 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The elements are classified according to their toxicity and availability; toxic and relatively accessible elements such as Hg and As are studied in detail. Two types of equilibria, inorganic and organometallic, are considered. When an element is introduced into an environment rich in microbial activity, each valence state is made available for metabolic interconversions. The interconversion of inorganic complexes to organometallic complexes is important because the latter are readily transported and accumulated into tissues of highlipid content. This interconversion is made by methylating agents which are available for methyl transfer reactions in biological systems. The Hg and As cycles are summarized. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10028-16-7 10028-16-7 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-44-7 7782-41-4 7723-14-0 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7440-66-6 7440-41-7 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-44-0

7440-22-4 7440-50-8 7440-21-3 7440-17-7 7440-17-7 7440-15-5 7440-09-7 7440-06-4 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-43-9 7440-48-4 7440-54-2 7440-70-2 7440-58-6 7440-67-7 7440-57-5 7440-69-9 7440-16-6 7440-04-2 7440-25-7 7440-05-3 7439-89-6 7439-88-5 7439-97-6 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-93-2 7429-90-5 1333-74-0 CODEN: RVOMA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/01290 1058 TITLE: CLINICAL MAMMOGRAPHIC IMAGING AND CANCER RISKS AUTHORS: BRENNER DJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 630 WEST 168TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10032 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ It is proposed to obtain realistic and credible risk estimates for breast-cancer mortality due to clinical mammographic imaging examinations. Given the increasing emphasis on clinical mammographic screening for

breast cancer, it is of societal importance to provide realistic risk estimates - with realistic confidence bounds - for breast cancer induction from routine mammographic X rays. Concern about this risk is a major factor, both from the perspective of the patient and the family physician, in non compliance with suggested guidelines for routine screening. Previous estimates of this risk have a) not accounted for the significantly increased risk from the very low-energy X rays used in screening mammography and b) based their estimates on only a single projected breast-cancer risk model. Direct studies of mammographic screening programs have insufficient power to quantitate risks of mammographic screening, so estimates of the risks must be based on extrapolations from other cohorts (A-bomb survivors, medical irradiation). These other cohorts, however, were exposed to far higher- energy X or gamma rays than the very low-energy X rays used in mammograms; dose-for-dose, low-energy X rays are considerably more radiobiologically damaging than high-energy X or gamma rays. So it is likely that this risk estimation process underestimates risks of screening mammograms preliminary estimates are by a factor of 1.5-2. State-of-the art radiobiological techniques will be used to extrapolate from those situations where radiation-induced breast-cancer risk estimates are better known (A-bomb survivors, medical irradiations), to risks of a screening mammograms. Experimental microdosimetric measurements will be used to characterize the energy-deposition characteristics of various mammographic X-ray beams in current or projected use. Based on these data, the biological effectiveness of these mammographic beams will be estimated relative to those for which breast-cancer risks have been estimated (e.g. A-bomb survivors, TB patients). The bottom line of these studies will be realistic estimates of the risk from routine screening mammograms, together with a sensitivity analysis of the confidence limits that may reasonably be associated with these risk estimates. KEYWORDS: computer simulation statistics /biometry aluminum molybdenum rhodium tungsten mathematical model phantom model radiation related neoplasm /cancer mammography breast neoplasm cancer risk radiation carcinogenesis human mortality X ray radiation dosage radiobiology mammary disorder CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY:

U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE COUNTRY OR STATE: NEW YORK ENTRY MONTH: 199904 ZIP CODE: 10032 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/99/CA77285-01 AWARD TYPE: G 1059 TITLE: Efficiency of the Scattered Primary Radiation as an Internal Standard in the Determination of Uranium and Thorium in Geological Materials by X-Ray Spectrometry AUTHORS: Diaz-Guerra JP Bayon An AUTHOR ADDRESS: Junta de Energia Nuclear, Madrid (Spain). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 15, 1981 ABSTRACT: TD3: The efficiency of the scattered primary coherent and incoherent X-radiation of various wavelengths has been studied as a matrix correction in the determination of uranium and thorium in geological materials by X-ray spectrometry. The excitation has been performed with molybdenum and tungsten targets. Results illustrate that the incoherently-scattered Mok beta sub(1,3) and Mok beta sub(1,2) radiation are, respectively, the optimum reference lines. The particle size influence and the critical thickness of the sample are also considered. (Atomindex citation 11:537495) KEYWORDS: Thorium Uranium Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/JEN-470, U.S. Sales Only., 33p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH:

198109 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/JEN-470 1060 TITLE: DISEASE GENE MAPPING AUTHORS: POLYMEROPOULOS MH AUTHOR ADDRESS: NCHGR, NIH SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ We have expanded the collection of families and probands with Parkinson's disease. We performed mutation analysis in all probands in the genes coding for the alpha beta and gamma synuclein genes. We have identified a mutation in the ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase gene in a family with inherited Parkinson's disease. We have also identified a deletion in the Parkin gene in a Greek family with early autosomal Parkinson's disease. Using immunohistochemistry we have demonstrated the presence of alpha synuclein inclusions in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including DLBD, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple systems atrophy. In the positional cloning of the Wolfram and EllisvanCreveld genes we have identified and characterized 4 genes within the critical region which are now subjected to mutation analysis in probands of these families. KEYWORDS: congenital brain disorder genetic disorder genetic mapping genetic marker gene expression gene mutation radiation genetics human tissue genetic technique human genetic material tag CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE ENTRY MONTH:

199904 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/99/G00049-04 AWARD TYPE: G 1061 TITLE: Effect of low concentrations of certain metals and petroleum on serum levels of immunoglobulins and seromucoid. AUTHORS: MISIEWICZ A AUTHOR ADDRESS: ul. Marchlewskiego 13 m. 4. 41-800 Zabrze. SOURCE: WIAD LEK; 34 (18). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 1499-1505. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. In the serum of individuals occupationally exposed to air containing petrol vapors, W, Co, Ti and V, the levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and seromucoid were determined. No changes were found in the levels of these Ig in relation to the control group, but a significant statistically fall of seromucoid level was demonstrated. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 8002-05-9 8002-05-9 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 CODEN: WILEA ENTRY MONTH: 198301 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/01489 1062 TITLE: HETEROPOLYMETALATE ANIONS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS AUTHORS: WASFI SH AUTHOR ADDRESS: DELAWARE STATE COLLEGE, 1200 NORTH DUPONT HIGHWAY, DOVER, DE 19901

SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health KEYWORDS: antineoplastic chemical structure function antiviral agent heterocyclic polycyclic compound pharmacology drug adverse effect drug design /synthesis /production enzyme inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitor fluorine anion metal complex molybdenum ruthenium tungsten neoplasm /cancer chemotherapy endonuclease DNA polymerase RNA polymerase CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: DELAWARE ENTRY MONTH: 199403 ZIP CODE: 19901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/94/GM08182-130006 AWARD TYPE: G 1063 TITLE: Analysis of River Sand for Thorium, Yttrium and Zirconium by X-Ray Fluorescence and Optical Emission Spectrographic Methods AUTHORS:

Chandola LC Machado IJ Kapoor SK AUTHOR ADDRESS: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay (India). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1982 ABSTRACT: TD3: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and optical emission spectrographic (OES) methods for the determination of Th, Y and Zr in river sand samples have been described. For XRF analysis the sample is mixed with boric acid (1:1) and made into a pellet. Using tungsten target tube for irradiation, LiF (200) crystal for dispersion and scintillation counter for detection, the analysis is done in the range 0.005 - 1%. For OES analysis the sample is mixed with pure graphite (1:1), loaded in an under-cut electrode, excited in a DC arc and the spectrum is recorded on a grating spectrograph. Using the intensity ratio of Th 2837.3 A, Y 3327.9 A and Zr 3392.0 A with Pd 3242.7 A, the analysis is done in the range 0.001 - 0.02% for Y and Zr and 0.05 - 1% for Th. The precision of the analysis is calculated and the accuracy has been assessed by analysing the samples by the two methods. (Atomindex citation 12:574904) KEYWORDS: Sand Thorium Yttrium Zirconium Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/BARC-1047, U.S. Sales Only., 11p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198207 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1980 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/BARC-1047 1064 TITLE: Selected physical and biological data -- by element. AUTHORS: ANONYMOUS SOURCE: Radionuclide Exposure of the Embryo/Fetus: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP Report No. 128) 1998 Sep;:93-216 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH):

Pregnancy Human Animal Female *Radioisotopes/PHARMACOKINETIC Radiation Dosage Radiation Protection Models, Biological CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN 10028-17-8 7439-93-2 10043-35-3 7440-62-2 10025-73-7 14596-12-4 14543-09-0 13115-03-2 7440-66-6 14093-04-0 14333-33-6 7782-44-7 13981-56-1 15117-53-0 13966-05-7 14681-59-5 14762-75-5 13981-43-6 83864-14-6 24359-56-6 UNKNOWN 41183-64-6 56578-07-5 UNKNOWN 7631-89-2 UNKNOWN UNKNOWN 14265-71-5 10102-18-8 13983-27-2 14932-53-7 14158-27-1 13967-73-2 10098-97-2 10098-91-6 13967-71-0 13967-76-5 23288-61-1 UNKNOWN UNKNOWN 23288-60-0 99944-78-2 12775-34-7 UNKNOWN UNKNOWN UNKNOWN UNKNOWN 65438-08-6 153546-52-2

63347-65-9 125224-05-7 UNKNOWN 39290-93-2 14967-68-1 14391-76-5 14336-68-6 14109-32-1 14885-78-0 13966-06-8 61641-46-1 14304-80-4 10043-66-0 15715-08-9 14158-30-6 14158-31-7 15700-10-4 10045-97-3 13967-70-9 UNKNOWN 7790-86-5 UNKNOWN 86050-77-3 15706-36-2 53231-79-1 16923-58-3 7440-57-5 12244-57-4 7439-97-6 10415-75-5 22967-92-6 13982-78-0 15064-65-0 UNKNOWN 7439-92-1 10099-74-8 14255-04-0 UNKNOWN 13981-52-7 14859-67-7 13982-63-3 26677-58-7 15411-93-5 13981-16-3 15065-10-8 UNKNOWN 13966-29-5 7440-61-1 50454-43-8 50454-44-9 40850-03-1 14993-75-0 13981-15-2 55484-87-2 7440-59-7 7440-41-7 7440-42-8 815-92-9 7727-37-9 17112-21-9

14784-90-8 8027-28-9 18453-57-1 7246-06-2 7439-95-4 7429-90-5 7440-21-3 UNKNOWN 7440-32-6 16284-59-6 7439-96-5 7440-50-8 13982-39-3 7440-56-4 7726-95-6 7439-98-7 54097-72-2 14234-35-6 7440-54-2 7440-58-6 7440-25-7 7440-33-7 7440-15-5 10043-49-9 7440-68-8 7440-73-5 7440-34-8 7440-13-3 7440-71-3 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-929600-60-6 PUBLICATION TYPES: CHAPTER ENTRY MONTH: 200010 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Radionuclide Exposure of the Embryo/Fetus: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP Report No. 128) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/20000954 LAST REVISION DATE: 20020301 1065 TITLE: The element content of the leaves of tree and shrub species in the city. AUTHORS: KOVACS M

OPAUSZKY I PODANI J KLINCSEK P DINKA M AUTHOR ADDRESS: MTA Botanikai Kutatointezete, Vacratot, H-2163. SOURCE: BOT KOZL; 68 (1-2). 1981 (1982). 95-106. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The content of chemical elements of 13 tree and bush species was investigated in an urban environment (Budapest) and in a control area (Vacratot (Hungary)). The species were: Acer platanoides, Aesculus hippocastanum, Ailanthus glandulosa, Celtis occidentalis, Koelreuteria paniculata, Morus alba, Platanus acerifolia, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa rugosa, Sophora japonica, Syringa vulgaris, Thuja orientalis and Tilia tomentosa. Higher N content was demonstrated in the leaves of A. glandulosa, R. pseudoacacia and S. japonica, a higher Ca content in the leaves of C. occidentalis and a relatively higher K content in leaves S. japonica and S. vulgaris. In an urban-industrial environment the leaves of the trees contained certain micro- and ultramicroelements in greater quantities than in the control area. In Budapest, according to the total quantities of the micro- and ultramicroelements, R. rugosa, C. occidentalis, A. glandulosa, T. tomentosa, S. japonica and R. pseudoacacia had relatively higher Fe, Sr, Mn, Pb, Zn and Cu contents. In the leaves of the trees of Budapest, 42 micro- and ultramicroelements were detected, of which 17 were toxic (Bi, Pb, W, La, Ba, Sb, Sn, Ag, Nb, Zr, As, Ga, Zn, Ni, Co and Ti). The greatest numbers of micro- and ultramicroelements were detected in R. rugosa and T. orientalis. Some species were good indicators of metal pollution. For trees to be planted in the city, those species are suitable avenues that do not absorb Cl from the salted roads and that are able to accumulate great quantities of heavy metals present in urban aerosols and soils without exogenous damages, thus to decrease the toxic effects of the pollutants. Urban pollution was tolerated by those trees originating from East Asia (A. glandulosa, K. paniculata and S. japonica) and those from North America (C. occidentalis and R. pseudoacacia). CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-69-9 7440-69-9 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-55-3 7440-48-4 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 CODEN: BOKOA ENTRY MONTH: 198303

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/03985 1066 TITLE: Occupational exposure limits for chemicals. AUTHORS: ANONYMOUS SOURCE: Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace 1998;:537-43 MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Human *Occupational Exposure *Hazardous Substances Dose-Response Relationship, Drug CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN 7429-90-5 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 7440-39-3 7440-41-7 7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-74-6 7439-89-6 7439-92-1 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7439-98-7 7440-02-0 7782-49-2 13494-80-9 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 7440-61-1 1314-62-1 7646-85-7 1314-13-2 71-43-2 75-15-0 67-66-3 68-12-2 64-17-5 110-54-3 67-56-1 75-09-2 78-93-3 127-18-4 108-88-3

71-55-6 79-01-6 95-47-6 108-38-3 106-42-3 58-89-9 50-29-3 143-50-0 2921-88-2 333-41-5 121-75-5 22781-23-3 63-25-2 116-06-3 52645-53-1 52315-07-8 68359-37-5 118-74-1 8018-01-7 12427-38-2 9006-42-2 142-59-6 133-06-2 17804-35-2 94-75-7 1929-86-8 28473-03-2 32351-70-5 1918-00-9 4685-14-7 1071-83-6 96-12-8 542-75-6 78-87-5 74-83-9 10043-35-3 134-62-3 14380-61-1 50-00-0 111-30-8 25655-41-8 108-95-2 7664-41-7 7784-42-1 106-99-0 630-08-0 10049-04-4 75-21-8 74-90-8 7783-06-4 74-87-3 75-01-4 13838-16-9 151-67-7 10024-97-2 59277-89-3 82410-32-0 36791-04-5 30516-87-1 56-53-1

71-58-9 57-85-2 10540-29-1 446-86-6 59865-13-3 100-33-4 1239-45-8 1162-65-8 79-06-1 79-10-7 141-32-2 140-88-5 999-61-1 79-41-4 137-05-3 9011-14-7 62-53-3 126-99-8 123-91-1 106-89-8 2238-07-5 302-01-2 60-34-4 57-14-7 123-31-9 624-83-9 584-84-9 872-50-4 25321-14-6 98-95-3 55-63-0 118-96-7 75-05-8 107-13-1 126-98-7 84-74-2 117-81-7 84-66-2 117-82-8 131-11-3 59536-65-1 59080-40-9 27858-07-7 1163-19-5 1336-36-3 53469-21-9 11097-69-1 208-96-8 120-12-7 56-55-3 205-99-2 205-82-3 207-08-9 191-24-2 50-32-8 192-97-2 218-01-9 26628-22-8 100-42-5 13463-67-7

96-33-3 1330-20-7 83-32-9 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-442-02042-2 PUBLICATION TYPES: CHAPTER ENTRY MONTH: 200106 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: DART/TER/1000032 LAST REVISION DATE: 20010618 1067 TITLE: Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum: Developmental patterns of sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase in the rat. AUTHORS: COHEN HJ JOHNSON JL RAJAGOPALAN KV SOURCE: ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS; 164 (2). 1974 440-446 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The developmental patterns of the Mo-containing enzymes sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase and of the mitochondrial enzymes adenylate kinase and succinate-cytochrome c reductase in rat liver are reported. Adenylate kinase and succinate-cytochrome c reductase develop in parallel with total liver protein and are maximal 5 days after birth. Sulfite oxidase, which is also a mitochondrial protein, shows its largest increase in activity between 5-11 days after birth. The appearance of sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase proteins parallels very closely the development of their respective activities. Xanthine oxidase activity is extremely low in rats prior to weaning at 21 days. Development of activity of this enzyme may be related to the protein nutritional status of the young animal. The development of both sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase activities is very much impaired by administration of W to the pregnant rats for 20 days before birth of the litters. Apparently normal developmental of sulfite oxidase protein, however, leads to the accumulation of inactive molecules in the livers of offspring of W-fed rats. Development of adenylate kinase and succinate-cytochrome c reductase activities is not affected by W treatment.

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7439-98-7 CODEN: ABBIA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/03263 1068 TITLE: HETEROPOLYMETALATE ANIONS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS AUTHORS: WASFI SH AUTHOR ADDRESS: DELAWARE STATE UNIVERSITY, 1200 NORTH DUPONT HIGHWAY, DOVER, DE 19901 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health KEYWORDS: antineoplastic chemical structure function X ray crystallography antiviral agent heterocyclic polycyclic compound pharmacology drug adverse effect drug design /synthesis /production polarography enzyme inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitor fluorine anion metal complex molybdenum ruthenium tungsten neoplasm /cancer chemotherapy endonuclease DNA polymerase RNA polymerase CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY:

U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: DELAWARE ENTRY MONTH: 199507 ZIP CODE: 19901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/95/GM08182-150006 AWARD TYPE: G 1069 TITLE: SYNTHESIS OF CYTOTOXIC GUAIANOLIDES AND OTHER TERPENOIDS AUTHORS: RIGBY JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY, DETROIT, MI 48202 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ This proposal describes a continuing investigation of transition metal- promoted higher-order cycloaddition chemistry. Application of group 6 (Cr, Mo, W) metal-mediated [6pi+4pi] and [6pi+2pi] cycloadditions to highly convergent syntheses of the antitumor germacranolides, melanpolidin and cis,cis- 15-desoxy-artemisiifolin as well as the important neurotoxin, anatoxin-a is planned. A strategy employing a tandem alkylation- cheletropic extrusion protocol starting from readily available dihydrothiepin-1,1-dioxide be investigated for the construction of the biologically active eicosanoid, lipoxin A. Considerable emphasis will be placed on developing several approaches to effecting higher-order cycloaddition with a high degree of asymmetric induction. In this context, the preparation of optically pure complexes via diastereoselective complexation and the identification of candidate chiral metal catalysts will be of primary importance. Several novel cycloaddition reactions have been identified and will be studied in more detail during the upcoming grant period. Of particular importance are tandem metal-promoted cycloaddition-CO insertion reactions that could afford rapid access to carbocyclic rings varying in size from 8 to 11 members and a divinyl cyclopropane based cycloaddition protocol that could be employed to make medium sized ring systems. An interesting entry into the AB rings of the very significant anti-cancer diterpene, taxol using this chemistry will also be examined. Throughout this study, heavy emphasis will be placed on extending the scope of the transition metal-mediated cycloadditions and, where applicable, natural product syntheses employing these reactions will be pursued. However, the

major focus remains on methodology development at this stage of the investigation and only total syntheses that highlight a certain attribute of the cycloaddition reactions will be attempted. KEYWORDS: taxol antineoplastic chemical addition catalyst stereochemistry cyclization eicosanoid metal complex heavy metal chromium molybdenum tungsten neurotoxin terpene cytotoxicity CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: MICHIGAN ENTRY MONTH: 199507 ZIP CODE: 48202 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1994 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/95/GM30771-10 AWARD TYPE: G 1070 TITLE: A REVIEW OF TRANSFER FACTORS FOR ASSESSING THE DOSE FROM RADIO NUCLIDES IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AUTHORS: NG YC SOURCE: NUCL SAF; 23 (1). 1982. 57-71.

ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN COW ANIMAL CROP MILK MEAT FOOD TOXICITY MODEL SOIL POLLUTION CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 17144-19-3 17144-19-3 15117-53-0 15117-48-3 15046-84-1 14932-53-7 14798-08-4 14762-78-8 14687-25-3 14596-37-3 14596-12-4 14596-10-2 14378-21-3 14265-71-5 14234-28-7 14158-27-1 14119-15-4 13982-39-3 13981-25-4 13981-16-3 13967-73-2 13967-70-9 13967-48-1 13966-32-0 13966-31-9 13966-05-7 13106-76-8 10476-85-4 10361-37-2 10198-40-0 10102-20-2 10099-74-8 10098-97-2 10045-97-3 10043-66-0 10043-52-4 7791-11-9 7783-00-8 7782-50-5 7782-41-4 7773-01-5 7758-98-7 7757-83-7 7727-37-9 7723-14-0 7705-08-0 7704-34-9 7681-82-5 7681-55-2 7681-11-0 7647-17-8 7647-14-5 7646-85-7 7558-80-7

7553-56-2 7447-40-7 7440-70-2 7440-67-7 7440-66-6 7440-65-5 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-44-0 7440-42-8 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-35-9 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-21-3 7440-18-8 7440-17-7 7440-14-4 7440-09-7 7440-08-6 7440-07-5 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1333-74-0 1332-82-7 471-34-1 LANGUAGE: eng CODEN: NUSAA ENTRY MONTH: 198301 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/02043 1071 TITLE: HETEROPOLYMETALATE ANIONS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS AUTHORS:

WASFI SH AUTHOR ADDRESS: DELAWARE STATE COLLEGE, 1200 NORTH DUPONT HIGHWAY, DOVER, DE 19901 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health KEYWORDS: antineoplastic chemical structure function antiviral agent heterocyclic polycyclic compound pharmacology drug adverse effect drug design /synthesis /production enzyme inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitor fluorine anion metal complex molybdenum ruthenium tungsten neoplasm /cancer chemotherapy endonuclease DNA polymerase RNA polymerase CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: DELAWARE ENTRY MONTH: 199403 ZIP CODE: 19901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1993 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/94/GM08182-140006 AWARD TYPE: G 1072 TITLE:

Electrolyzed-reduced water scavenges active oxygen species and protects DNA from oxidative damage. AUTHORS: Shirahata S Kabayama S Nakano M Miura T Kusumoto K Gotoh M Hayashi H Otsubo K Morisawa S Katakura Y AUTHOR ADDRESS: Institute of Cellular Regulation Technology, Graduate School of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. sirahata@grt.kyushu-u.ac.jp SOURCE: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997 May 8;234(1):269-74 ABSTRACT: Active oxygen species or free radicals are considered to cause extensive oxidative damage to biological macromolecules, which brings about a variety of diseases as well as aging. The ideal scavenger for active oxygen should be 'active hydrogen'. 'Active hydrogen' can be produced in reduced water near the cathode during electrolysis of water. Reduced water exhibits high pH, low dissolved oxygen (DO), extremely high dissolved molecular hydrogen (DH), and extremely negative redox potential (RP) values. Strongly electrolyzed-reduced water, as well as ascorbic acid, (+)-catechin and tannic acid, completely scavenged O.-2 produced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HX-XOD) system in sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of reduced water is stable at 4 degrees C for over a month and was not lost even after neutralization, repeated freezing and melting, deflation with sonication, vigorous mixing, boiling, repeated filtration, or closed autoclaving, but was lost by opened autoclaving or by closed autoclaving in the presence of tungsten trioxide which efficiently adsorbs active atomic hydrogen. Water bubbled with hydrogen gas exhibited low DO, extremely high DH and extremely low RP values, as does reduced water, but it has no SOD-like activity. These results suggest that the SOD-like activity of reduced water is not due to the dissolved molecular hydrogen but due to the dissolved atomic hydrogen (active hydrogen). Although SOD accumulated H2O2 when added to the HX-XOD system, reduced water decreased the amount of H2O2 produced by XOD. Reduced water, as well as catalase and ascorbic acid, could directly scavenge H2O2. Reduce water suppresses single-strand breakage of DNA b active oxygen species produced by the Cu(II)-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbic acid in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that reduced water can scavenge not only O2.- and H2O2, but also 1O2 and .OH. TEST OBJECT: DNA,PLASMID PBLUESCRIPT II FORM I EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS: IN VITRO ASSAY: EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS

MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Ascorbic Acid/METABOLISM Catalase/METABOLISM Chemiluminescence Copper/METABOLISM *DNA Damage Electrochemistry *Electrolysis Electrophoresis, Agar Gel Free Radical Scavengers/METABOLISM Free Radicals/METABOLISM Hydrogen/METABOLISM Hydrogen/PHARMACOLOGY Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Nitrogen/METABOLISM Nitrogen/PHARMACOLOGY Oxidation-Reduction Oxygen/METABOLISM Oxygen/PHARMACOLOGY Reactive Oxygen Species/*METABOLISM *Water Xanthine Oxidase/METABOLISM CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN 50-81-7 NO CAS RN 9054-89-1 9001-05-2 7758-98-7 151-16-6 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0006-291X PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199708 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: 9Y8 TITLE ABBREVIATION: Biochem Biophys Res Commun YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/97312560 EMIC/103516 LAST REVISION DATE: 19970903

1073 TITLE: [Comparative informative value of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in the evaluation of metals in the environment] AUTHORS: Nadeenko VG Gol'dina IR D'iachenko OZ Pestova LV SOURCE: Gig Sanit 1997 May-Jun(3):10-3 ENGLISH ABSTRACT INDICATOR: A ABSTRACT: Simultaneous recording of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges supplements data on the nature of genetic disorders in the sanitary and toxicological assessment of metals polluting the environment. A obvious threshold of genetic effects of metals was not revealed in the context of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. Methods for detecting the genotoxicity of metals await further search. ASSAY: EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MESH): Aluminum/TOXICITY Animal Arsenic/TOXICITY Beryllium/TOXICITY Bone Marrow/CYTOLOGY Bone Marrow/DRUG EFFECTS Chromium/TOXICITY *Chromosome Aberrations Comparative Study Copper/TOXICITY English Abstract Environmental Pollutants/*TOXICITY Human In Vitro Lymphocytes/CYTOLOGY Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS Manganese/TOXICITY Metals/*TOXICITY Mice Mutagenicity Tests *Mutagens Nickel/TOXICITY Rats *Sister Chromatid Exchange Tungsten/TOXICITY CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: NO CAS RN

LANGUAGE: rus INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0016-9900 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199710 JOURNAL TITLE CODE: FPZ TITLE ABBREVIATION: Gig Sanit TRANSLITERATED/VERNACULAR TITLE: Sravnitel'naia informativnost' khromosomnykh aberratsii i sestrinskikh khromatidnykh obmenov pri otsenke metallov v okruzhaiushchei srede. YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMIC/MED/97342169 EMIC/103880 LAST REVISION DATE: 19980422 1074 TITLE: In-Line Multiwavelength Photometer for the Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations AUTHORS: Bostick DT Strain JE Dixon DM McCue DD Bauer ML AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Inc., TN. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1982 ABSTRACT: TD3: An in-line photometer has been developed for continuous monitoring of uranium and plutonium concentrations in high radiation environments of nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. The instrument is equipped with multiple narrow band interference filters to monitor sample transmission in the 400- to 800-nm range. The filters are mounted in a rotating filter wheel which is located in front of a stationary tungsten halide light source. The monochromatic light from the respective optical filters is transmitted through a fiber optic cable of up to 10 m in length to the in-line sample flow cell located within the reprocessing area. A similar length of cable

returns the optical signal to the photometer where the light intensity is detected with a photomultiplier tube, amplified, and processed with an LSI-11 computer system. (ERA citation 07:008071) 25. conference on analytical chemistry and nuclear technology, Gatlinburg, TN, USA, 6 Oct 1981. KEYWORDS: Fuel reprocessing plants Photometers Plutonium Uranium ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE82001484, 11p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198207 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE82001484 1075 TITLE: HETEROPOLYMETALATE ANIONS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS AUTHORS: WASFI SH AUTHOR ADDRESS: DELAWARE STATE UNIVERSITY, 1200 NORTH DUPONT HIGHWAY, DOVER, DE 19901 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health KEYWORDS: antineoplastic chemical structure function X ray crystallography antiviral agent heterocyclic polycyclic compound pharmacology drug adverse effect drug design /synthesis /production polarography enzyme inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitor fluorine anion metal complex molybdenum ruthenium

tungsten neoplasm /cancer chemotherapy endonuclease DNA polymerase RNA polymerase CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: DELAWARE ENTRY MONTH: 199604 ZIP CODE: 19901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/96/GM08182-15S10006 AWARD TYPE: G 1076 TITLE: SYNTHESIS OF CYTOTOXIC GUAIANOLIDES AND OTHER TERPENOIDS AUTHORS: RIGBY JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY, DETROIT, MI 48202 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ This proposal describes a continuing investigation of transition metal- promoted higher-order cycloaddition chemistry. Application of group 6 (Cr, Mo, W) metal-mediated [6pi+4pi] and [6pi+2pi] cycloadditions to highly convergent syntheses of the antitumor germacranolides, melanpolidin and cis,cis- 15-desoxy-artemisiifolin as well as the important neurotoxin, anatoxin-a is planned. A strategy employing a tandem alkylation- cheletropic extrusion protocol starting from readily available dihydrothiepin-1,1-dioxide be investigated for the construction of the biologically active eicosanoid, lipoxin A. Considerable emphasis will be placed on developing several approaches to effecting higher-order cycloaddition with a high degree of asymmetric induction. In

this context, the preparation of optically pure complexes via diastereoselective complexation and the identification of candidate chiral metal catalysts will be of primary importance. Several novel cycloaddition reactions have been identified and will be studied in more detail during the upcoming grant period. Of particular importance are tandem metal-promoted cycloaddition-CO insertion reactions that could afford rapid access to carbocyclic rings varying in size from 8 to 11 members and a divinyl cyclopropane based cycloaddition protocol that could be employed to make medium sized ring systems. An interesting entry into the AB rings of the very significant anti-cancer diterpene, taxol using this chemistry will also be examined. Throughout this study, heavy emphasis will be placed on extending the scope of the transition metal-mediated cycloadditions and, where applicable, natural product syntheses employing these reactions will be pursued. However, the major focus remains on methodology development at this stage of the investigation and only total syntheses that highlight a certain attribute of the cycloaddition reactions will be attempted. KEYWORDS: taxol antineoplastic chemical addition catalyst stereochemistry cyclization eicosanoid metal complex heavy metal chromium molybdenum tungsten neurotoxin terpene cytotoxicity CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: MICHIGAN ENTRY MONTH: 199604 ZIP CODE: 48202 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1995 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/96/GM30771-11

AWARD TYPE: G 1077 TITLE: Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HHE-80-058-874, Federal-Mogul Metal Removal Tooling Division, Chicago, Illinois AUTHORS: Edmonds L McQuilkin S Orris P Daniels W AUTHOR ADDRESS: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div. of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 20, 1982 ABSTRACT: TD3: Environmental and personal air samples were analyzed for tungsten (7440337) freon-113 (76131), methylene-chloride (75092), and butyl-cellosolve (111762) at various times from April 1979 to April 1981 in order to investigate a reported high incidence of neonatal death and spontaneous abortion among female workers in one department of Federal Mogul, Metal Removal Tooling Division (SIC-3541), in Chicago, Illinois. The authors conclude that the existence of a reproductive health hazard at this facility could not be conclusively established. They recommend periodic evaluation of employee solvent exposures, proper work practices, good personal hygiene, prohibition of pregnant women from working as degreasers and implementation of an ongoing medical surveillance program. KEYWORDS: Environmental surveys Industrial medicine Toxic substances Occupational safety and health ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB82-215351, 15p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A02/MF A01 ENTRY MONTH: 198210 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB82-215351 1078 TITLE: Studies of surface layers on single particles of in-stack coal fly ash.

AUTHORS: HOCK JL LICHTMAN D AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Physics Lab. Surface Studies, Univ. Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wis. 53201. SOURCE: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL; 16 (7). 1982. 423-427. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Surface and bulk analytical techniques were used to study individual fly ash particles collected in a defined manner and particle size range from within a power plant stack. A sampling system using collection on a dry, soft metal substrate (e.g., In), which met the needs of high temperature sampling and anaysis under clean vacuum conditions, was employed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDX) measurements provide morphological and quasi-bulk compostion of individual particles, after which the samples were transferred to another system for single-particle Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and ion beam death profiling. Results showed a wide chemical and physical disparity between different particles even in this limited sample range. There was no evidence of an organic layer or a surface layer containing high ( > 1%) concentrations of high atomic number elements in the sample studied. In addition, 90-95% of the particles were spherical and 10% were electric conducter. SEM showed Al, Si, Fe, Ca, S, Cu, Cl, Mg, Cr, I, Ni, Zn, Na, Co, P, Mn, Sn, W, Ta, As, Pd and V in decreasing abundance; AES showed Si, Al, O, Fe, Ca, K, Na and Mg. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-50-5 7782-50-5 7723-14-0 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-31-5 7440-25-7 7440-23-5 7440-21-3 7440-05-3 7440-02-0 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 CODEN: ESTHA ENTRY MONTH: 198302

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/02783 1079 TITLE: CONTINENTAL MARINE AND ANTHROPOGENIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INORGANIC COMPOSITION OF THE AEROSOL OF AN INDUSTRIAL ZONE AUTHORS: HEINDRYCKX R DAMS R SOURCE: J RADIOANAL CHEM; 19 (2). 1974 339-349 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. AIR POLLUTION NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-53-1 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-45-1 7440-66-6 7440-19-9 7440-20-2 7440-62-2 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-21-3 7440-32-6 7440-38-2 7440-29-1 7440-39-3 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-29-1 7440-09-7 7440-02-0 7439-95-4 7439-89-6 7439-97-6 7439-96-5 7439-91-0 7429-90-5 CODEN: JRACB ENTRY MONTH: 197507

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/04146 1080 TITLE: TRACE MINERALS AND AVIAN REPRODUCTION AUTHORS: SAVAGE JE SOURCE: FED PROC FED AM SOC EXP BIOL 27:927-931,1968 TEST OBJECT: AVES NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): FLUORINE; 7782-41-4 TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 SELENIUM; 7782-49-2 SELENIUM DEFICIENCY; NO CASRN MANGANESE DEFICIENCY; NO CASRN IODINE DEFICIENCY; NO CASRN IODINE; 7553-56-2 ZINC DEFICIENCY; NO CASRN PHYTIC ACID; 83-86-3 COPPER DEFICIENCY; NO CASRN ZINC; 7440-66-6 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-41-4 7440-33-7 7782-49-2 7553-56-2 83-86-3 7440-66-6 PUBLICATION TYPES: REVIEW JOURNAL JOURNAL TITLE CODE: FEPRA TITLE ABBREVIATION: FED PROC FED AM SOC EXP BIOL

YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/1540 1081 TITLE: Atomic Absorption Analysis By Flameless Atomization In A Controlled Atmosphere AUTHORS: Donega HM Burgess TE SOURCE: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 42, No. 13, pages 1521-1524, 9 references, 19701970 ABSTRACT: An atomic absorption sample chamber is described. The chamber consists of a brass base plate that contains an O-ring seal, a quartz window, a gas/vacuum port, and two feed through insulators. Copper rods are used to conduct electrical current to sample boats made of tantalum or tungsten foils. Air pressure in the chamber can be maintained at 1 to 760 Torr. The sample solution is placed in the boat and dried by passing a small current through the circuit. The chamber is evacuated to about 50 microns. The sample is atomized by passing a large current through the boat. Light from a hollow cathode lamp is focused on a 1000 Hertz mechanical chopper, and the beam passes through the absorption chamber into a monochromator. A photomultiplier tube detector is attached to the exit of the monochromator. The amplified signal is read on a storage type oscilloscope. In tests with 3 nanograms of aluminum (7429905), the average height of the absorption signal was 70.8 percent with one complete absorption signal taking about 0.1 second. The correct foreign gas composition and pressure was important for obtaining optimum sensitivity for each element. The sensitivity of the technique was as slow as 0.0000000001 gram. The authors conclude that this method is more sensitive than flame ionization, easy to operate, and adaptable to other special procedures such as laser beam heating. KEYWORDS: DCN-129261 Trace analysis Atomic absorption spectroscopy Equipment design Analytical instruments Sampling equipment Atmosphere analyzers Metallic ions Quantitative analysis Qualitative analysis Thermal decomposition Electrochemical analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7429-90-5 CODEN: ANCHAM

ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00141720 1082 TITLE: HETEROPOLYMETALATE ANIONS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS AUTHORS: WASFI SH AUTHOR ADDRESS: DELAWARE STATE UNIVERSITY, 1200 NORTH DUPONT HIGHWAY, DOVER, DE 19901 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health KEYWORDS: antineoplastic chemical structure function X ray crystallography antiviral agent heterocyclic polycyclic compound pharmacology drug adverse effect drug design /synthesis /production polarography enzyme inhibitor reverse transcriptase inhibitor fluorine anion metal complex molybdenum ruthenium tungsten neoplasm /cancer chemotherapy endonuclease DNA polymerase RNA polymerase CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: DELAWARE ENTRY MONTH:

199705 ZIP CODE: 19901 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/97/GM08182-15S20006 AWARD TYPE: G 1083 TITLE: NATURE OF THE COMBINED ACTION OF SMALL DOSES OF CERTAIN ELEMENTS-ANTAGONISTS AUTHORS: NADEENKO VG LENCHENKO VG SOURCE: GIG SANIT (8):30-34,1977 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS, WHITE TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL, RAT NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 COPPER; 7440-50-8 MOLYBDENUM; 7439-98-7 ARSENIC; 7440-38-2 ASSAY METHOD: VIABILITY, FERTILITY AND MORTALITY MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM MATERNAL-FETAL EXCHANGE DRUG INTERACTIONS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-50-8 7439-98-7 7440-38-2 LANGUAGE: rus eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL

JOURNAL TITLE CODE: GISAA TITLE ABBREVIATION: GIG SANIT YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1977 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: ETICBACK/19704 1084 TITLE: SYNTHESIS OF CYTOTOXIC GUAIANOLIDES AND OTHER TERPENOIDS AUTHORS: RIGBY JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY, DETROIT, MI 48202 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ This proposal describes a continuing investigation of transition metal- promoted higher-order cycloaddition chemistry. Application of group 6 (Cr, Mo, W) metal-mediated [6pi+4pi] and [6pi+2pi] cycloadditions to highly convergent syntheses of the antitumor germacranolides, melanpolidin and cis,cis- 15-desoxy-artemisiifolin as well as the important neurotoxin, anatoxin-a is planned. A strategy employing a tandem alkylation- cheletropic extrusion protocol starting from readily available dihydrothiepin-1,1-dioxide be investigated for the construction of the biologically active eicosanoid, lipoxin A. Considerable emphasis will be placed on developing several approaches to effecting higher-order cycloaddition with a high degree of asymmetric induction. In this context, the preparation of optically pure complexes via diastereoselective complexation and the identification of candidate chiral metal catalysts will be of primary importance. Several novel cycloaddition reactions have been identified and will be studied in more detail during the upcoming grant period. Of particular importance are tandem metal-promoted cycloaddition-CO insertion reactions that could afford rapid access to carbocyclic rings varying in size from 8 to 11 members and a divinyl cyclopropane based cycloaddition protocol that could be employed to make medium sized ring systems. An interesting entry into the AB rings of the very significant anti-cancer diterpene, taxol using this chemistry will also be examined. Throughout this study, heavy emphasis will be placed on extending the scope of the transition metal-mediated cycloadditions and, where applicable, natural product syntheses employing these reactions will be pursued. However, the major focus remains on methodology development at this stage of the investigation and only total syntheses that highlight a certain attribute of the cycloaddition reactions will be attempted. KEYWORDS: taxol antineoplastic chemical addition catalyst

stereochemistry cyclization eicosanoid metal complex heavy metal chromium molybdenum tungsten neurotoxin terpene cytotoxicity CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: MICHIGAN ENTRY MONTH: 199705 ZIP CODE: 48202 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1996 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/97/GM30771-12 AWARD TYPE: G 1085 TITLE: PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF INTERMEDIATE ENDPOINTS AUTHORS: MORSE M SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ INHIBITION OF UV-INDUCED SKIN CARCINOGENESIS IN SKH HAIRLESS MICE; SCREENING AND RANKING OF CHEMOPREVENTIVE. This project measures the inhibition of UV-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH hairless mice to screen and rank chemopreventive agents. The studies utilize computeassisted quantitative image analysis (CIA) to measure a broad range of specialized chromatin texture features. SKH hairless mice, 6-8 weeks of age and weighing 18-22 grams, are being used. The control group is being exposed to a natural 12 hr/dark, 12/hr light cycle of window filtered

sunlight. All remaining groups are being exposed to light emitted by spotlights equipped with dichroic diffusers incorporating tungsten halogen quartz lamps. Sentinel groups of 10 mice are being sacrificed at 0, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 weeks after start of UV treatment and strips of their dorsal skin examined histologically. Strips of their dorsal skin examined histologically. Strips of dorsal skin are digitally imaged in contiguous frames along the longitudinal direction that are approximately 150 microns in width and high enough to include the full thickness of the skin. Multiple texture features are being measured on a per frame basis; each feature measurement shall be reported in terms of the degree of deviation from the mean measurement made in normal skin, e.g., "percent of 200 frames deviating more than 4 SD units from the mean of the same measurement made in normal skin". Texture features include Markovian transition probability values and other functions which show the greatest deviation from the mean in normal tissues. the number of mitotic figures per mm measured along the basal layer of the esophagus shall be reported. KEYWORDS: hairless mouse drug screening /evaluation chromatin histopathology skin neoplasm carcinogenesis inhibitor radiation carcinogenesis ultraviolet radiation digital imaging measurement chemoprevention CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, DIVISION OF CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTROL COUNTRY OR STATE: OHIO ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/98/CN75110-000 AWARD TYPE: C 1086 TITLE: SYNTHESIS OF CYTOTOXIC GUAIANOLIDES AND OTHER TERPENOIDS

AUTHORS: RIGBY JH AUTHOR ADDRESS: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY, DETROIT, MI 48202 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ This proposal describes a continuing investigation of transition metal- promoted higher-order cycloaddition chemistry. Application of group 6 (Cr, Mo, W) metal-mediated [6pi+4pi] and [6pi+2pi] cycloadditions to highly convergent syntheses of the antitumor germacranolides, melanpolidin and cis,cis- 15-desoxy-artemisiifolin as well as the important neurotoxin, anatoxin-a is planned. A strategy employing a tandem alkylation- cheletropic extrusion protocol starting from readily available dihydrothiepin-1,1-dioxide be investigated for the construction of the biologically active eicosanoid, lipoxin A. Considerable emphasis will be placed on developing several approaches to effecting higher-order cycloaddition with a high degree of asymmetric induction. In this context, the preparation of optically pure complexes via diastereoselective complexation and the identification of candidate chiral metal catalysts will be of primary importance. Several novel cycloaddition reactions have been identified and will be studied in more detail during the upcoming grant period. Of particular importance are tandem metal-promoted cycloaddition-CO insertion reactions that could afford rapid access to carbocyclic rings varying in size from 8 to 11 members and a divinyl cyclopropane based cycloaddition protocol that could be employed to make medium sized ring systems. An interesting entry into the AB rings of the very significant anti-cancer diterpene, taxol using this chemistry will also be examined. Throughout this study, heavy emphasis will be placed on extending the scope of the transition metal-mediated cycloadditions and, where applicable, natural product syntheses employing these reactions will be pursued. However, the major focus remains on methodology development at this stage of the investigation and only total syntheses that highlight a certain attribute of the cycloaddition reactions will be attempted. KEYWORDS: paclitaxel antineoplastic chemical addition catalyst stereochemistry cyclization eicosanoid metal complex heavy metal chromium molybdenum tungsten neurotoxin terpene cytotoxicity CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng

PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES COUNTRY OR STATE: MICHIGAN ENTRY MONTH: 199805 ZIP CODE: 48202 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/98/GM30771-13 AWARD TYPE: G 1087 TITLE: Process Dependent Threshold Limit Values in Welding, AUTHORS: Hansen EB AUTHOR ADDRESS: Svejsecentralen, Glostrup (Denmark). SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 04, 1983 ABSTRACT: TD3: The study project has aimed at providing a basis for decisions on the establishment of process dependent threshold limit values in welding and flame cutting. On the basis of the results from 978 measurements of air pollution, an analysis has been carried out of the resulting threshold limit values (TLVRes) of fumes from welding and flame cutting. Through statistical treatment of the results of the measurements, the distribution of TLVRes has been studied for arc welding with covered electrodes (MMA welding), gas shielded arc welding (MIG welding) and flame cutting of unalloyed steels, and for tungsten inert gas shielded welding (TIG welding) and MMA welding of stainless steels. KEYWORDS: Air pollution Welding Foreign technology ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB83-114157, 113p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A06/MF A01

ENTRY MONTH: 198304 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB83-114157 1088 TITLE: CYTOLOGICAL REACTIONS INDUCED BY INORGANIC SALT SOLUTIONS AUTHORS: LEVAN A SOURCE: NATURE(LONDON) 156:751-752,1945 TAXONOMIC NAME: ALLIUM CEPA TEST OBJECT: PLANT,ONION NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): CUPRIC NITRATE; 3251-23-8 YTTRIUM SULFATE; 7446-33-5 LANTHANUM NITRATE; 10099-59-9 AURIC CHLORIDE; 13453-07-1 LEAD NITRATE; 10099-74-8 POTASSIUM CYANIDE; 151-50-8 LITHIUM NITRATE; 7790-69-4 ARSENOUS OXIDE; 1327-53-3 CERIUM NITRATE; 10108-73-3 NICKEL NITRATE; 13138-45-9 BERYLLIUM; 7440-41-7 ALUMINUM; 7429-90-5 TITANIUM; 7440-32-6 CHROMIUM; 7440-47-3 IRON; 7439-89-6 COBALT; 7440-48-4 COPPER; 7440-50-8 ARSENIC; 7440-38-2

ZIRCONIUM; 7440-67-7 MOLYBDENUM; 7439-98-7 PALLADIUM; 7440-05-3 CESIUM; 7440-46-2 NEODYMIUM; 7440-00-8 ERBIUM; 7440-52-0 TUNGSTEN; 7440-33-7 GOLD; 7440-57-5 MERCURY; 7439-97-6 THALLIUM; 7440-28-0 BISMUTH; 7440-69-9 THORIUM; 7440-29-1 URANIUM; 7440-61-1 SODIUM FLUORIDE; 7681-49-4 SODIUM MOLYBDATE; 7631-95-0 SODIUM TUNGSTATE; 13472-45-2 MERCURIC CHLORIDE; 7487-94-7 ANTIMONY; 7440-36-0 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 3251-23-8 7446-33-5 10099-59-9 13453-07-1 10099-74-8 151-50-8 7790-69-4 1327-53-3 10108-73-3 13138-45-9 7440-41-7 7429-90-5 7440-32-6 7440-47-3 7439-89-6 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-38-2 7440-67-7 7439-98-7 7440-05-3 7440-46-2

7440-00-8 7440-52-0 7440-33-7 7440-57-5 7439-97-6 7440-28-0 7440-69-9 7440-29-1 7440-61-1 7681-49-4 7631-95-0 13472-45-2 7487-94-7 7440-36-0 PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NATUA TITLE ABBREVIATION: NATURE(LONDON) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1945 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/10946 1089 TITLE: MUTAGENICITY OF CHROMATES IN BACTERIA AND ITS RELEVANCE TO CHROMATE CARCINOGENESIS AUTHORS: VENITT S LEVY LS SOURCE: NATURE(LONDON) 250:493-495,1974 TAXONOMIC NAME: ESCHERICHIA COLI,WP2(UVRA) ESCHERICHIA COLI,K-12(LAMBDA) ESCHERICHIA COLI,WP2(EXRA) TEST OBJECT: BACTERIA NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): SODIUM CHROMATE; 7775-11-3 POTASSIUM CHROMATE; 7789-00-6 CALCIUM CHROMATE; 13765-19-0 TUNGSTEN SALT; NO CASRN MOLYBDENUM SALT; NO CASRN

ZINC SALT; NO CASRN CADMIUM SALT; NO CASRN MERCURY SALT; NO CASRN POTASSIUM CHROMIUM SULFATE; 10141-00-1 ASSAY: GENE MUTATIONS EFFECTS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7775-11-3 7789-00-6 13765-19-0 10141-00-1 PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: NATUA TITLE ABBREVIATION: NATURE(LONDON) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/17753 1090 TITLE: METAL UPTAKE IN PLANTS AND FERAL ANIMALS AS INFLUENCED BY SOIL FACTORS ESPECIALLY SOIL ACIDITY LITERATURE SURVEY AUTHORS: FOLKESON L SOURCE: MEDD VAEXTEKOL INST LUNDS UNIV; 0 (49). 1982. 1-64. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. REVIEW FOREST FULVIC-ACID METAL POLLUTION WEATHERING CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-70-2 7440-70-2 7440-66-6 7440-62-2 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-38-2 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-17-7 7440-02-0

7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-92-1 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 LANGUAGE: ger CODEN: MVIUD ENTRY MONTH: 198305 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/06442 1091 TITLE: CYTOGENETIC EFFECT OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF TUNGSTEN, ZINC, CADMIUM AND COBALT ON HUMAN AND ANIMAL SOMATIC CELLS AUTHORS: VOROSHILIN SI PLOTKO EG FINK TV NIKIFOROVA VY SOURCE: CYTOL GENET(ENGL ED) 12(3):46-48,1978 TAXONOMIC NAME: RATTUS HOMO SAPIENS TEST OBJECT: MAMMAL,RAT MAMMAL,HUMAN CELL CULTURE TISSUE CULTURED: LEUKOCYTES CELLS OBSERVED: SOMATIC CELLS, BONE MARROW NAME OF AGENT (CAS RN): ZINC ACETATE DIHYDRATE; 5970-45-6 SODIUM TUNGSTATE DIHYDRATE; 13472-45-2 CADMIUM ACETATE DIHYDRATE; 5743-04-4 COBALT ACETATE TETRAHYDRATE; 6147-53-1 ZINC OXIDE; 1314-13-2 ASSAY: EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES

EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOMES CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 5970-45-6 13472-45-2 5743-04-4 6147-53-1 1314-13-2 TRANSLATION SOURCE: (TRANSLATED FROM TSITOL GENET 12:241-243,1978) PUBLICATION TYPES: ORIGINAL DATA JOURNAL TITLE CODE: CYGED TITLE ABBREVIATION: CYTOL GENET(ENGL ED) YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1978 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: EMICBACK/30632 1092 TITLE: DISEASE GENE MAPPING AUTHORS: POLYMEROPOULOS MH AUTHOR ADDRESS: NCHGR, NIH SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health ABSTRACT: RPROJ We have identified a mutation in the human alpha synuclein gene which is responsible for some cases of familial Parkinson's disease. We have additionally identified human homologous genes which will be used in mutational analysis in families with autosomal dominant PD. We have constructed a BAC contig of the 4p16.1 region harboring the Ellis van Creveld and Wolfram disease genes, and have applied a genomic sample sequencing strategy for the identification of candidate genes and polymorphisms. KEYWORDS: congenital brain disorder genetic disorder genetic mapping genetic marker gene expression gene mutation radiation genetics human tissue genetic technique human genetic material tag

CRISP RPROJ LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE ENTRY MONTH: 199805 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/98/G00049-03 AWARD TYPE: G 1093 TITLE: CLINICAL MAMMOGRAPHIC IMAGING AND CANCER RISKS AUTHORS: BRENNER DJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 630 WEST 168TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10032 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes of Health ABSTRACT: It is proposed to obtain realistic and credible risk estimates for breast-cancer mortality due to clinical mammographic imaging examinations. Given the increasing emphasis on clinical mammographic screening for breast cancer, it is of societal importance to provide realistic risk estimates - with realistic confidence bounds - for breast cancer induction from routine mammographic X rays. Concern about this risk is a major factor, both from the perspective of the patient and the family physician, in non compliance with suggested guidelines for routine screening. Previous estimates of this risk have a) not accounted for the significantly increased risk from the very low-energy X rays used in screening mammography and b) based their estimates on only a single projected breast-cancer risk model. Direct studies of mammographic screening programs have insufficient power to quantitate risks of mammographic screening, so estimates of the risks must be based on extrapolations from other cohorts (A-bomb survivors, medical irradiation). These other cohorts, however, were exposed to far higher- energy X or gamma rays than the very low-energy X rays used in mammograms; dose-for-dose, low-energy X rays are considerably more radiobiologically damaging than high-energy X or gamma rays. So it is likely that this risk estimation process underestimates risks of screening mammograms preliminary estimates are by a factor of 1.5-2. State-of-the art radiobiological techniques will be used to extrapolate from those

situations where radiation-induced breast-cancer risk estimates are better known (A-bomb survivors, medical irradiations), to risks of a screening mammograms. Experimental microdosimetric measurements will be used to characterize the energy-deposition characteristics of various mammographic X-ray beams in current or projected use. Based on these data, the biological effectiveness of these mammographic beams will be estimated relative to those for which breast-cancer risks have been estimated (e.g. A-bomb survivors, TB patients). The bottom line of these studies will be realistic estimates of the risk from routine screening mammograms, together with a sensitivity analysis of the confidence limits that may reasonably be associated with these risk estimates. KEYWORDS: computer simulation statistics /biometry aluminum molybdenum rhodium tungsten mathematical model phantom model radiation related neoplasm /cancer mammography breast neoplasm cancer risk radiation carcinogenesis human mortality X ray radiation dosage radiobiology mammary disorder bioimaging /biomedical imaging LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE COUNTRY OR STATE: NEW YORK ENTRY MONTH: 200010 ZIP CODE: 10032 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1999 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/1999/CA77285-02 AWARD TYPE: G

1094 TITLE: CLINICAL MAMMOGRAPHIC IMAGING AND CANCER RISKS AUTHORS: BRENNER DJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 630 WEST 168TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10032 SOURCE: Crisp Data Base National Institutes of Health ABSTRACT: It is proposed to obtain realistic and credible risk estimates for breast-cancer mortality due to clinical mammographic imaging examinations. Given the increasing emphasis on clinical mammographic screening for breast cancer, it is of societal importance to provide realistic risk estimates - with realistic confidence bounds - for breast cancer induction from routine mammographic X rays. Concern about this risk is a major factor, both from the perspective of the patient and the family physician, in non compliance with suggested guidelines for routine screening. Previous estimates of this risk have a) not accounted for the significantly increased risk from the very low-energy X rays used in screening mammography and b) based their estimates on only a single projected breast-cancer risk model. Direct studies of mammographic screening programs have insufficient power to quantitate risks of mammographic screening, so estimates of the risks must be based on extrapolations from other cohorts (A-bomb survivors, medical irradiation). These other cohorts, however, were exposed to far higher- energy X or gamma rays than the very low-energy X rays used in mammograms; dose-for-dose, low-energy X rays are considerably more radiobiologically damaging than high-energy X or gamma rays. So it is likely that this risk estimation process underestimates risks of screening mammograms preliminary estimates are by a factor of 1.5-2. State-of-the art radiobiological techniques will be used to extrapolate from those situations where radiation-induced breast-cancer risk estimates are better known (A-bomb survivors, medical irradiations), to risks of a screening mammograms. Experimental microdosimetric measurements will be used to characterize the energy-deposition characteristics of various mammographic X-ray beams in current or projected use. Based on these data, the biological effectiveness of these mammographic beams will be estimated relative to those for which breast-cancer risks have been estimated (e.g. A-bomb survivors, TB patients). The bottom line of these studies will be realistic estimates of the risk from routine screening mammograms, together with a sensitivity analysis of the confidence limits that may reasonably be associated with these risk estimates. KEYWORDS: computer simulation statistics /biometry aluminum molybdenum rhodium tungsten mathematical model phantom model radiation related neoplasm /cancer mammography breast neoplasm

cancer risk radiation carcinogenesis human mortality X ray radiation dosage radiobiology mammary disorder bioimaging /biomedical imaging LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: Research SUPPORTING AGENCY: U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE COUNTRY OR STATE: NEW YORK ENTRY MONTH: 200108 ZIP CODE: 10032 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2000 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CRISP/2000/CA77285-03 AWARD TYPE: G 1095 TITLE: Grinding dusts of alloyed steel and hard metal AUTHORS: Koponen M Gustafsson T Kalliomaki PL Kalliomaki K Moilanen M SOURCE: Annals of Occupational Hygiene 1981, Vol.24, No.2, p.191-204. Illus. 16 ref. ABSTRACT: Total elemental composition, water solubility, acid solubility and physical and magnetic characteristics of alloyed steel and cemented carbide grinding dusts were determined and measurements of magnetic lung concentration and urinary chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) were made in 21 stainless steel grinders. A concentration of 7-18% total Cr was found in high-alloy steel grinding dust. Total Ni concentration varied between 1.5 and 6% in different types of grinding dust. Total Ni concentration varied between 1.5 and 6% in different types of grinding dust. Dust particles had

the same metallic structure as the ground stainless steel piece. Concentrations of up to 20 and 25% tungsten and cobalt (Co), respectively, were found in cemented-carbide grinding dusts, representing an enrichment of Co in dust compared with the base material. All the grinding dusts examined showed magnetic moments sufficiently high for the in-vivo measurement of lung retained dust. The average lung retention of KEYWORDS: RESPIRABLE DUST STEELS TOOL MAKING INDUSTRY CEMENTED CARBIDES LUNG DEPOSITION URINARY EXCRETION BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-02-0 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/82/00078 1096 TITLE: Nitrate poisoning cattle: 7. Prevention. AUTHORS: GEURINK JH MALESTEIN A KEMP A KORZENIOWSKI A KLOOSTER A TV AUTHOR ADDRESS: Centre for Agrobiological Research, Wageningen, Netherlands. SOURCE: NETH J AGRIC SCI; 30 (2). 1982. 105-114. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The results of 44 feeding experiments carried out with dry or lactating cows are summarized. The rations consisted of

hay, pre-wilted grass silage of freshly mown grass with and without concentrates. Methemoglobin (MHb) curves (291) showed that as the nitrate content of the roughage increased the moment at which the highest MHb concentration occurred was delayed. As the MHb peak increased more time was required to reduce MHb to normal values of 2-3%. The dry matter intake of preserved grass, such as hay and pre-wilted silage, was much more rapid than the intake of freshly mown grass. The rate of roughage intake affects the rate of nitrate intake and the formation of MHb in the blood. If nitrate content of the roughage is known, the relationship developed between nitrate intake and the formation of MHb in the blood can be used to calculate the amount of roughage that may be consumed per meal without causing symptoms of nitrate poisoning in the animal. Preserved grass such as hay and pre-wilted silage, with a content up to 0.75% NO3- in the dry matter, may be supplied ad lib. Preserved grass with a higher nitrate content should be supplied at a limited amount. Indoor feeding of fresh grass with up to 1.50% NO3- in the dry matter may be supplied ad lib. Under grazing conditions grass with a content of up to 2% NO3- in the dry matter may be taken ad lib. Nitrate poisoning after consumption of nitrate-rich roughage may also be prevented by inhibiting the nitrate reduction in the rumen by a daily dose of W (wolfram). Before such an application of W against nitrate toxicity can be recommended in practice, all potential hazards should be carefully examined. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14797-55-8 CODEN: NETMA ENTRY MONTH: 198306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/06705 1097 TITLE: Biological cycles for toxic elements in the environment. AUTHORS: WOOD JM SOURCE: SCIENCE (WASH D C); 183 (4129). 1974 1049-1052 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. These substances can be categorized as naturally occurring toxic elements and compounds and toxic compounds that are synthesized industrially. The danger associated with naturally occurring elements and compounds depends on their distribution in the environment. Some of chemical and biochemical transformations of environmental toxic elements (heavy metals and metalloids) are described, special emphasis is placed on the role played by microorganisms. Present knowledge of the biological cycles of toxic elements enables the prediction of the behavior of other toxic elements in the environment. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 22541-53-3

22541-63-5 17306-35-3 16610-75-6 16056-34-1 15584-04-0 14302-87-5 10028-16-7 7782-49-2 7440-18-8 7440-16-6 7440-04-2 7440-25-7 7440-05-3 7440-57-5 7440-69-9 7440-66-6 7440-43-9 7440-41-7 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-31-5 7440-22-4 7440-15-5 7440-06-4 7440-50-8 7440-03-1 7440-02-0 7440-67-7 7440-58-6 7440-48-4 7440-55-3 7439-97-6 7439-97-6 7439-92-1 7439-91-0 7439-88-5 1344-48-5 593-88-4 593-57-7 593-74-8 124-58-3 75-60-5 CODEN: SCIEA ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/00179 * 1098 TITLE: Lung-retained contaminants, urinary chromium and nickel among stainless

steel welders AUTHORS: Kalliomaki PL Rahkonen E Vaaranen V Kalliomaki K Aittoniemi K SOURCE: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health Sep. 1981, Vol.49, No.1, p.67-75. 17 ref. ABSTRACT: The magnetic method of measuring the amount of lung-retained contaminants as well as urinary chromium and nickel determinations have been performed among 83 stainless steel welders (manual metal arc and tungsten inert-gas welding). Chromium concentrations in the urine correlated with the exposure to chromium whereas the urinary nickel concentrations did not reflect the level of exposure to nickel. The measured average remanent magnetic field of the chest area correlated well with the use of the manual metal arc welding technique. A very significant correlation existed between the average remanent magnetic fields of the chest and the urinary chromium values of the manual arc welders. KEYWORDS: WELDING FUMES RESPIRABLE DUST MAGNETOPNEUMOGRAPHY URINE MONITORING MANUAL ARC WELDING SHIELDED-ARC WELDING WELDING AND CUTTING LUNG DEPOSITION METAL FUMES EXPOSURE TESTS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/83/00491 1099

TITLE: Analysis of various types of TIG-welding aerosols using the PIXE method AUTHORS: Martinsson B SOURCE: Institutionen for Mekanisk Teknologi, Avdelningen for Svetsteknik vid LTH, Solvegatan 14, 223 62 Lund, Sweden, 1981. 58p. Illus. 20 ref. ABSTRACT: Civil engineering thesis. Pticle-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) was used to determine the concentration, chemical composition and particle-size distribution in welding fumes produced by tungsten inert-gas welding of stainless steel. About 80% of the particles have a aerodynamic size of < 0.25|m. The shielding gas giving rise to the largest quantity of aerosol is helium; the percentage of hydrogen in the shielding gas also affects the amount of aerosols produced. The amounts of chromium, iron and nickel in the fumes are in relation to those contained in the steel, whereas manganese is overrepresented in the fumes. KEYWORDS: WELDING FUMES SHIELDED-ARC WELDING METAL FUMES SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PARTICLE INDUCED X-RAY EMISSION THESIS SWEDEN AEROSOLS STAINLESS STEEL DUST ANALYSIS PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION AERODYNAMIC SIZE ILO LANGUAGE: swe PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/83/00356 1100 TITLE: Nasoenteric tube complication: case report of tip detachment AUTHORS: Sood AK Pardubsky PD

Gacuson M Kumar GC Sum Ping ST AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. of Gynecologic Oncol., Dept. of Obstet. and Gynecol., 4630 JCP, 200 Hawkins Drive, Univ. of Iowa Hosp. and Clin., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA SOURCE: Nutr. Clin. Pract.; VOL 13 ISS 1 1998, P40-42, (REF 11) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The case of a 79-yr-old woman who was hospitalized for intracranial hemorrhage and required an enteral feeding in which the weighted tip of the feeding tube became detached and the tungsten discs were scattered through the bowel is described. No bowel perforation was observed so the nasoenteric tube was not replaced. The patient passed the discs in her stool by the 12th day. KEYWORDS: Nutrition enteral weighted tip detachment Toxicity enteral nutrition HUMAN LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0884-5336 CODEN: NCPRE ENTRY MONTH: 199904 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 4 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1998 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/99/1166071 1101 TITLE: Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide and other reagents upon mechanical properties of stratum corneum strips AUTHORS: Elfbaum SG Wolfram MA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Gillette Research Institute, Inc., 1413 Research Blvd., Rockville, Maryland 20850

SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 21 ISS Feb 4 1970, P129-140, (REF 23) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The mechanical properties of guinea pig stratum corneum strips exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and several other reagents have been examined. With DMSO concentrations greater than 50% and after a 24-hour incubation period, a marked reversible strengthening of the skin strips relative to their behavior in water was noted. This observation correlates well with other experiments and reports which indicated that the DMSO swelling of skin and hair is accompanied by a stiffening effect. Several other reagents were examined for their effects upon the strength of stratum corneum strips. Ammonium thioglycolate, urea and formic acid considerably weakened guinea pig stratum corneum. The cross-linking ability of formaldehyde was revealed in its strengthening effect upon skin strips. Trichloroacetic acid and phenol behaved in a similar manner. The reversibility of the mechanical effects caused by these various reagents has been studied and the results are presented. KEYWORDS: Dimethyl sulfoxide effects on guinea pig stratum corneum strips Ammonium thioglycolate Urea Formic acid Trichloroacetic acid Phenol CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 67-68-5 67-68-5 5421-46-5 57-13-6 64-18-6 76-03-9 108-95-2 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/70/05483 1102 TITLE:

Pollution Control in Coal Gasification. Fourth Quarterly Report, April 1, 1982-June 30, 1982. AUTHORS: Gangwal SK Green DA Leese KE Mack KL McMichael WJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: Research Triangle Inst., Research Triangle Park, NC. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 15, 1985 ABSTRACT: TD3: This report describes the technical progress made during the fourth quarter on a study sponsored by the Department of Energy entitled Pollution Control in Coal Gasification. The objectives of this study are to evaluate in detail the potential of: (a) vapor phase cracking (VPC); and (b) wet oxidation (WO) of simulated and actual coal gasifier effluent streams as a means of reducing the concentration of organics in these streams. Seven vapor phase cracking tests and 14 wet oxidation tests were carried out during this quarter. During the first three quarters, a high-pressure and high-temperature gas and liquid delivery system and a reactor system consisting of three parallel reactors (two tubular reactors and a Berty reactor) were constructed. In addition, two iron oxide catalysts and two coal-derived materials (from a subbituminous coal and a lignite) were evaluated for their potential for use as VPC catalysts. During this quarter, a total of seven experiments were carried out for evaluation of th KEYWORDS: Ashes Catalytic Cracking Chars Cobalt Compounds Flue Gas Molybdenum Compounds Nickel Compounds Oxidation Tungsten Compounds Waste Water ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE85003377, Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products., 36p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198602 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE85003377 1103 TITLE: Patch testing with sodium tungstate AUTHORS: Rystedt I Fischer T Lagerholm B SOURCE: Contact Dermatitis Jan. 1983, Vol.9, No.1, p.69-73. 15 ref. ABSTRACT: Report on the study of 853 persons who have worked or are still working in the manufacture of cemented carbides, in which sodium tungstate was included in a patch test with a panel of substances from the workers' environment. No allergic reactions to tungstate were found. However, irritant pustular reactions appeared in 2% of the patch tests; these pustular reactions were often reproducible. KEYWORDS: CEMENTED CARBIDES TUNGSTEN AND COMPOUNDS SKIN ALLERGIES POWDER METALLURGY SKIN TESTS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198411 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1983 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/83/00473 1104 TITLE: Welding fumes - are they carcinogenic? AUTHORS: Kuhnen G SOURCE:

Prevencion Jan.-Mar. 1984, No.87, p.14-18. Illus. ABSTRACT: The latest research results from the Federal Republic of Germany relating to the carcinogenicity of welding fumes, with particular reference to those containing nickel and chromates, are described. Concentrations of these substances were measured in welding fumes associated with 4 welding techniques: tungsten inert gas welding, metal inert gas welding, metal active gas welding, arc welding with coated electrodes. Average concentrations ranged from 0.03 to 0.1mg/m|3| for nickel, and from 0.02mg to 0.46mg/m|3| for chromates. Though the carcinogenic effect of these substances has not clearly been demonstrated, it is suggested that such a relation (if existing) is dose-dependent, and the presence of these substances in welding fumes should be kept as low as possible. KEYWORDS: WELDING FUMES NICKEL CHROMATES ARC WELDING AND CUTTING GAS WELDING DETERMINATION OF CONCENTRATION GERMANY (FED.REP.) CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: spa PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 198502 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1984 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/84/01916 1105 TITLE: Mechanism of hair bleaching AUTHORS: Wolfram LJ Hall K Hui I AUTHOR ADDRESS: Gillette Company Research Institute, 1413 Research Blvd., Rockville, Maryland 20850 SOURCE:

J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 22 ISS Dec 9 1970, P875-900, (REF 32) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The complex processes associated with the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with both melanin pigment and hair proteins is discussed. The kinetics and mechanisms of the bleaching process and the physical-chemical changes undergone by the pigment are outlined. KEYWORDS: Bleaching agents hair hydrogen peroxide Mechanism of action hydrogen peroxide in hair bleaching Topical preparations mechanism of hair bleaching Kinetics bleaching hair Pigments effects LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/71/43224 1106 TITLE: Critical micelle concentration determination of some ionic surfactants using a Carl Zeiss interference refractometer AUTHORS: Choulis NH AUTHOR ADDRESS: School of Pharmacy, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004 SOURCE: Can. J. Pharm. Sci.; VOL 5 ISS 1 1970, P24-25, (REF 10) COMMENTS: Communication ABSTRACT:

IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Aqueous solutions of the twice recrystallized ionic surfactants potassium laurate, lauryltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide were prepared. A Zeiss interference refractometer for liquids (equipped with constant temperature bath, tungsten lamp and twin-cells with path lengths 0.1, 2 and 10cm.) was used. The differential refractive index, of each surfactant solution was determined over a range of concentrations, and the critical micelle concentrations for the surfactants were found to be 2.25x10-2, 1.7x10-2 and 8.1x10-4 mole/1. respectively. KEYWORDS: Micelles concentration critical Surface active agents ionic critical micelle concentration Refractometry interference determination of critical micelle concentration of ionic surfactants LANGUAGE: eng fre CODEN: CNJPA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 9 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/71/46015 1107 TITLE: Occupational respiratory diseases AUTHORS: Merchant JA SOURCE: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Information Systems Section, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Sep. 1986. 801p. Illus. 1722 ref. Appendix. Index. ABSTRACT: This report, part of a comprehensive study of all occupational respiratory diseases, delineates the methods used to define and study the diseases. Topics covered are: methods of study and evaluation (mineralogy, air sampling for gases, vapours, particulates and micro-organisms; epidemiology; radiology; pulmonary function testing; respiratory questionnaires; laboratory assessment of impairment); pneumoconioses (silicosis, silicate pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, coalworkers

pneumoconiosis, beryllium disease, reactions to dusts); asthma and rhinitis; hypersensitivity pneumonitis; chronic airways obstruction (bronchitis and emphysema); byssinosis; acute and chronic effects of inhaled toxic agents; lung cancer and mesothelioma; infectious diseases (anthrax, histoplasmosis, brucellosis, tuberculosis, psittacosis); cor pulmonale. KEYWORDS: RESPIRATORY DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AETIOLOGY PATHOLOGY USA REPORT MINERALOGY AIR SAMPLING DUST MEASUREMENT AEROSOLS MICROORGANISMS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RADIOLOGY RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY PNEUMOCONIOSIS SILICOSIS ASBESTOSIS COALWORKERS PNEUMOCONIOSIS SIDEROSIS TUNGSTEN CARBIDE HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS GLASS FIBRE LANTHANIDES ASTHMA RHINITIS EXTRINSIC ALLERGIC ALVEOLITIS OBSTRUCTIVE VENTILATORY IMPAIRMENT BYSSINOSIS TOXIC EFFECTS INHALATION TOXICITY NITROGEN OXIDES NEOPLASMS MESOTHELIOMA INFECTIOUS DISEASES TUBERCULOSIS COR PULMONALE ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-41-7 7429-90-5 7440-36-0 7440-39-3 7440-48-4 7440-22-4 7440-31-5 7440-67-7 7664-41-7 7440-43-9 7782-50-5 7783-06-4

7439-97-6 20816-12-0 10028-15-6 75-44-5 7446-09-5 1314-62-1 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: MONOGRAPH ENTRY MONTH: 198811 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1986 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/88/01548 1108 TITLE: Mine Particulate Size Characterization. AUTHORS: Welker RW Eisenberg W Semmler RA Yucuis GJ AUTHOR ADDRESS: IIT Research Inst., Chicago, IL. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 08, 1986 ABSTRACT: TD3: A technique was developed for sampling and analyzing airborne dusts in diesel-operated underground metal and nonmetal mines. Samples were taken using personal respirable samplers, operated as area samplers, and an 11-stage cascade impactor. Real-time particle size distribution and concentration measurements were made with a quartz crystal microbalance cascade impactor and a portable electrical aerosol analyzer. The materials characterized were minerals (by X-ray diffraction), elements (by X-ray fluorescence), particle size distribution and concentration (gravimetrically), and organic constituents (by high-performance liquid chromatography). The method was used to characterize dusts generated at the chute pulling operations on the main haulage level of an underground tungsten mine. It was concluded that size selective sampling may be used to estimate the ratio of diesel exhaust to nondiesel dusts in the respirable fraction. Open file rept. 1 Oct 79-31 Dec 81, Sponsored by Bureau of Mines, Washi KEYWORDS: Particle size Underground mining

Industrial hygiene Air pollution Exhaust emissions Chemical analysis Air pollution effects(Humans) Diesel engine exhaust Indoor air pollution Air pollution detection ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB86-142163, 209p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A10/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 198607 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB86-142163 1109 TITLE: Evaluation of right and left ventricular function in hard metal workers AUTHORS: Horowitz SF Fischbein A Matza D Rizzo JN Stern A Machac J Solomon SJ SOURCE: British Journal of Industrial Medicine Nov. 1988, Vol.45, No.11, p.742-746. 24 ref. ABSTRACT: In a study of 30 cemented tungsten carbide workers with a mean duration of exposure to cobalt of 9.9 | 5.3 yr radionuclide ventriculography was performed to study right and left ventricular ejection fractions at rest and exercise. For the entire group, rest and exercise biventricular function was normal. There was, however, a weak but significant inverse correlation between duration of exposure and resting left ventricular function. Workers with abnormal chest x-ray findings (9/30) had relatively lower exercise right ventricular ejection fractions. Diminished right ventricular reserve was probably due to fibrotic lung disease and early cor pulmonale. Although overt left ventricular dysfunction was not present, prolonged exposure to industrial cobalt may be a weak cardiomyopathic agent with unknown long-term significance. KEYWORDS: COBALT

EXPOSURE EVALUATION CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION TESTS METALWORKING INDUSTRY DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS SMOKING HARD METAL PNEUMOCONIOSIS RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199004 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1988 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/90/00209 1110 TITLE: Characterization of mutagenic coal fly ash and extracts. AUTHORS: GRIEST WH CATON JE RAO TK HARMON SH YEATTS L B JR HENDERSON GM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., PO Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA. SOURCE: INT J ENVIRON ANAL CHEM; 12 (3-4). 1982. 241-252. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Post-electrostatic precipitator (ESP) fly ash samples were collected from a coal-fired electric power generation plant under 3 modes of plant operation: normal operation, a low NOx-emission mode of combustion, and operation with the ESP shorted out. Results of chemical and physical characterization of the ashes were compared with bacterial (Salmonella typhimurium) mutagenicity bioassay to determine parameters or compounds correlating with bioactivity. The general physical properties, ultimate composition and trace elemental and radiochemical species determined did not correlate with the mutagenicity. Only the

presence of aromatic hydrocarbons and chemically derivatizable polar organic compounds appeared to be associated with mutagenicity of the fly ash. (This study may have implications for human health/environmental effect.) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 14859-67-7 14859-67-7 14274-82-9 14092-91-2 13966-00-2 7782-50-5 7782-49-2 7782-44-7 7727-37-9 7726-95-6 7704-34-9 7553-56-2 7440-74-6 7440-70-2 7440-64-4 7440-62-2 7440-61-1 7440-58-6 7440-57-5 7440-55-3 7440-53-1 7440-50-8 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-45-1 7440-44-0 7440-39-3 7440-38-2 7440-36-0 7440-33-7 7440-32-6 7440-29-1 7440-27-9 7440-25-7 7440-24-6 7440-23-5 7440-20-2 7440-19-9 7440-17-7 7439-98-7 7439-96-5 7439-95-4 7439-91-0 7439-89-6 7429-90-5 1333-74-0 CODEN: IJEAA ENTRY MONTH: 198306 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/07098 1111 TITLE: Use of fluidizing bed aerosol generators to establish a dust mixture of two substances at a fixed ratio for inhalation toxicity studies AUTHORS: Shiotsuka RN Kutzman RS Firriolo JM Drew RT SOURCE: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.510-513. Illus. 6 ref. ABSTRACT: A method was developed to use two fluidising bed generators to deliver a mixture of 1mg cobalt + 15mg tungsten carbide/m|3| to an inhalation exposure chamber with the output from the cobalt generator split to provide the same cobalt concentration to a cobalt-only chamber. To provide a more uniform delivery of material and to minimise the amount of starting dust needed, a subsystem that produced timed bursts of compressed air was used to prevent the accumulation of dust along the aerosol transport tubes. The addition of an electrostatic precipitator placed in the exhaust lines reduced the amount of dust delivered to the high-efficiency particulate air filters, thereby reducing the number of filter changes. KEYWORDS: TEST AEROSOL GENERATION TOXICITY EVALUATION INHALATION TOXICITY DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE EXPOSURE CHAMBERS ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS FLUIDISED-BED REDUCTION ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 12604-53-4 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199310 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 070 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1992

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/93/01599 1112 TITLE: Silicosis and lung cancer in U.S. metal miners AUTHORS: Amandus H Costello J SOURCE: Archives of Environmental Health Mar.-Apr. 1991, Vol.46, No.2, p.82-89. 31 ref. ABSTRACT: The association between silicosis and lung cancer mortality was estimated in 9,912 (369 silicotics and 9,543 nonsilicotics) white male metal miners. These miners were examined by the U.S. Public Health Service during 1959-1961 and were followed through 1975. The ores that were mined consisted of copper, lead-zinc, iron, mercury, lead silver, gold and gold-silver, tungsten, and molybdenum. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR, U.S. white male rates) for lung cancer was 1.73 (95% CI: 0.94-2.90) in silicotics and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.98-1.42) in nonsilicotics. When lung cancer mortality between silicotics and nonsilicotics was compared, the age-adjusted rate ratio (95% CI) was 1.56 (0.91-2.68), and the age- and smoking adjusted rate ratio was 1.96 (0.98-3.67). Corresponding figures for miners who were employed in mines with low levels of radon exposure were 1.90 (0.98-3.67) and 2.59 (1.44-4.68), respectively. These findings indicate that lung cancer mortality risk was increased in silicotics, and this probably did not result from chance or bias. However, confounding from radon exposure could not be ruled out. KEYWORDS: LUNG CANCER SILICOSIS MORTALITY METAL MINING RADON OCCUPATION DISEASE RELATION USA COHORT STUDY NEOPLASMS ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 10043-92-2 LANGUAGE: eng PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199407 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 130 YEAR OF PUBLICATION:

1991 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/94/00872 1113 TITLE: Colorimetric microdetermination of some morphine derivatives AUTHORS: Sobiczewska M AUTHOR ADDRESS: Department of Galenic Drugs, Institute of Drug Research and Control, ul. Chelmska 30, Warsaw, Poland SOURCE: Acta Pol. Pharm.; VOL 28 ISS 1 1971, P31-34, (REF 17) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A colorimetric method, using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, was developed for the following dosage forms: codeine phosphate, dihydrocodeinone bitartrate (hydrocodone; Dicodid), dihydroxycodeinone hydrochloride (oxycodone; Eucodalum), and dihydrocodeine bitartrate. The color reaction consists in reduction of tungsten and molybdenum, having a higher valency, by means of the alkaloids to colored oxides of these metals, having a lower valency. The method is simple, accurate, and requires few reagents and a small sample. The results were in close conformity with those obtained using the manufacturers' methods. KEYWORDS: Hydrocodone bitartrate colorimetry Oxycodone colorimetry micromethod Dihydrocodeine Codeine phosphate phosphate bitartrate Analgesics and antipyretics codeine Dicodid Eucodalum Dihydroxycodeinone Dihydrocodeinone CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 125-29-1 125-29-1 76-42-6 125-28-0 6059-47-8 LANGUAGE: pol eng

rus CODEN: APPHA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1914 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/72/52023 1114 TITLE: Effect of reducing agents on fingernail keratin AUTHORS: Wolejsza NF Elfbaum SG Wolfram MA AUTHOR ADDRESS: Gillette Company Research Institute 1413 Research Boulevard, Rockville, Maryland 20850 SOURCE: J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.; VOL 22 ISS Aug 18 1971, P571-578, (REF ) KEYWORDS: Keratin fingernails effects Reducing agents fingernails CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 9008-18-8 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-9832 CODEN: JSCCA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1911 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971

SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/73/070053 1115 TITLE: Characterization of Wastewater and Solid Wastes Generated in Selected Ore Mining Subcategories (Sb, Hg, Al, V, W, Ni, Ti). AUTHORS: Harty DM Terlecky PM AUTHOR ADDRESS: Frontier Technical Associates, Buffalo, NY. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1995 ABSTRACT: TD3: The study examined the wastewater treatment technologies employed, the quality of wastewater produced, the solid waste management practices utilized, and the potential hazardous nature of the solid waste generated at seven selected facilities. These facilities mine and mill ores primarily for one of the following metals: antimony, mercury, aluminum, vanadium (non-radioactive ore), tungsten, nickel, and titanium. Also pub. as Frontier Technical Associates, Buffalo, NY. rept. no. REPT-2804-1. Sponsored by Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Effluent Guidelines Div. KEYWORDS: Waste water treatment Solid waste management Ore processing Mining industry ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/PB95-203881, 372p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A16/MF A03 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Effluent Guidelines Div. ENTRY MONTH: 199509 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1981 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/PB95-203881 1116 TITLE: Photodegradation products of chloramphenicol in aqueous solution AUTHORS: Shih IK

AUTHOR ADDRESS: 65 High Park Avenue, No. 211, Toronto, Ontario, Canada SOURCE: J. Pharm. Sci.; VOL 60 ISS Dec 1971, P1889-1890, (REF 5) COMMENTS: Notes ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The present study was undertaken to isolate and identify the major photolysis products of chloramphenicol; experiments were conducted in solvents of different polarity (i.e., water, ethanol, and benzene) using sunlight, UV, and tungsten light. The major photodegradation products from the aqueous solutions were hydrochloric acid, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 4,4'-azoxybenzoic acid, and p-aminophenyl-2-acetamido-1,3-propanediol. The data obtained suggest that p-nitrosobenzoic acid may be an intermediate in the reaction mixture of chloramphenicol. Photolysis of chloramphenicol in ethanol and benzene was also similarly conducted. No degradation products were found. KEYWORDS: Chloramphenicol stability light Antibiotics stability chloramphenicol(Antibiotics photodegradation products Light Photolysis solutions CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 56-75-7 LANGUAGE: eng INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0022-3549 CODEN: JPMSA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1971 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/73/079102 1117 TITLE: Light sensitivity of methylcobalamin AUTHORS:

Lorenzi E Oddono F AUTHOR ADDRESS: Div. of Research, Glaxo Laboratories, Verona, Italy SOURCE: Farmaco Ed. Prat.; VOL 27 ISS May 1972, P280-297, (REF 10) ABSTRACT: IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The light sensitivity of in buffered aqueous solution, in the dry state excipients, and in various preparations, after direct sunlight, direct or indirect light from finally direct blue and red light from quartz. were made with a UV spectrometer. KEYWORDS: Methylcobalamin stability light Formulations stability LANGUAGE: ita eng CODEN: FRPPA ENTRY MONTH: 199507 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 1910 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1972 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: IPA/75/158076 1118 TITLE: Water quality considerations - Project Travois. AUTHORS: Knox JB AUTHOR ADDRESS: California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. SOURCE: Govt Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 13, 1997 ABSTRACT: TD3: The technical concept for Project Travois contains one simple analysis of the potential hazard of contaminating the Arrowrock Reservoir on the Boise River with some of the radionuclides produced. This previous methylcobalamin was studied and mixed with inert exposure of the samples to neon or tungsten, and Analytical measurements

analysis assumes homogeneous and prompt mixing of all the tritium and tungsten isotopes. This simple analysis is physically unrealistic since there is no way of transporting all of these radionuclides to the reservoir promptly. In this paper we reanalyze the contamination problem in such a way that we define the type of site geology and hydrology information that must be developed. Declassified. Sponsored by Department of Energy, Washington, DC. KEYWORDS: Nuclear Explosions Soils Surface Waters Tritium ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/DE97050848, This product may be ordered from NTIS by phone at (703)487-4650; by fax at (703)321-8547; and by email at 'orders ntis.fedworld.gov'. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA., 11p PRICE: NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 SUPPORTING AGENCY: Department of Energy, Washington, DC. ENTRY MONTH: 199707 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NTIS/DE97050848 1119 TITLE: Assessment of exposure of welders to chrome and nickel in different arc welding processes AUTHORS: Diebold F et al SOURCE: Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiene et securite du travail 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2047-167-97, p.225-233. 9 ref. ABSTRACT: Three welding processes were used by the welders studied: manual arc welding with covered electrode, semi-automatic gas-shielded bare wire metal arc welding and manual arc welding using a non-consumable tungsten electrode under inert gas shielding. For each work station a separate information sheet was established, with information on the operations performed, the work rate and the protection methods used. Personal sampling of the workplace air was performed in order to estimate pollution levels. A job-exposure matrix consisting of the three processes and of two metals (chromium and nickel) was drawn up as a result of the measurements. This matrix may be of use to epidemiologists when they try to establish a dose-effect relationship between exposure to these metals in welding

operations and broncho-pulmonary cancer. KEYWORDS: WELDING AND CUTTING CHROMIUM NICKEL LUNG CANCER EXPOSURE EVALUATION JOB-EXPOSURE RELATION JOB STUDY MANUAL ARC WELDING SHIELDED-ARC WELDING ILO CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-47-3 7440-02-0 LANGUAGE: fre INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0007-9952 PUBLICATION TYPES: JOURNAL ARTICLE ENTRY MONTH: 199711 CLASSIFICATION CODE: 120 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1997 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: CIS/97/01247 1120 TITLE: Cobalt in hard metal manufacturing dusts. AUTHORS: KOPONEN M GUSTAFSSON T KALLIOMAKI P-L AUTHOR ADDRESS: Outokumpu Oy, Helsinki, Finland. SOURCE: AM IND HYG ASSOC J; 43 (9). 1982. 645-651. ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Co containing airborne dusts from hard metal manufacturing and grinding processes were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and instrumental neutron activation analysis. The structure of the dusts was studied using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray detector. Co existed as separate particles only in the dust from the mixing of raw material powders. In the dusts from the

pressing, forming and grinding of hard metal Co appeared mainly in contact with tungsten carbide particles. The dusts contained 5-10% Co and 60-80% W in different phases of the process. The specific remanent magnetic moment of the dusts was measured and it ranged from 0.6-1.1 Am2/kg. In these dusts Co was the magnetic component. The content of ferromagnetic alpha-Co in the dusts from the different process stages was sufficient for the measurement of lung-retained contaminants in vivo among hard metal workers. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-48-4 CODEN: AIHAA ENTRY MONTH: 198307 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1982 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/83/08032 1121 TITLE: Instrumental method for the determination of trace elements in water samples by neutron activation analysis. AUTHORS: CLEMENTE GF MASTINU GG SOURCE: J RADIOANAL CHEM; 20 (2). 1974 707-714 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Thermal neutron activation analysis and a large-volume high-resolution Ge(Li) gamma-ray spectometer, connected on-line to a computer, were used to measure the concentrations of Na, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Ag, Sb, Cs, W and Hg in some Italian subsurface water samples. The instrumental method requires neither a chemical separation technique nor a pre- or post-concentration of the trace elements to be detected. This method eliminates many inherent errors associated with chemical determinations. The technique is sensitive, precise and particularly suitable for routine analysis of many trace elements at both natural and pollution levels in water samples. The interferences due to fast neuron (n,p) and (n, alpha) reactions are not appreciable, with the only exception of the 54-Fe(n, p)54-Mn and 58-Ni(n, p)58-Co reactions. Losses of volatile elements, e.g.As, Br and Hg, during irradiation was negligible. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7782-49-2 7726-95-6 7440-20-2 7440-48-4 7440-47-3 7440-46-2 7440-38-2 7440-36-0

7440-66-6 7440-33-7 7440-23-5 7440-22-4 7440-17-7 7440-02-0 7439-89-6 7439-97-6 CODEN: JRACB ENTRY MONTH: 197507 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1974 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/75/10893 1122 TITLE: The Comparative Toxicity Of Sodium Chromate, Molybdate, Tungstate And Metavanadate AUTHORS: Pham-Huu-Chanh SOURCE: Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie, Vol. 154, No. 1, pages 243-249, 23 references, 19651965 ABSTRACT: The toxicities of sodium-chromate (7775113), sodium-molybdate (7631950), sodium-tungstate (11120017), and sodium-metavanadate (11105069) were investigated in Wistar-rats and Swiss-mice. The 24 hour maximum dose never fatal (MDNF) and minimum dose always fatal (mDAF) were determined, together with the median lethal dose (LD50), for each of the compounds. Clinical investigations of the symptomatology of intoxication were conducted. Experiments were performed using 2600 rats and 3000 mice. Symptomatology was similar in mice and rats during intoxication by each of the compounds. Animals given infra lethal doses of sodium-chromate showed no signs of poisoning; those treated with sodium-metavanadate showed signs of adynamia; and those given sodium-molybdate and sodium-tungstate showed prostration and a state of lethargy. Recuperation occurred in less than 1 hour after intoxication with sodium-molybdate, whereas there was a long coma and slow recovery in those given sodium-molybdate. Lethal doses given between MDNF and mDAF of the compounds produced the same poisoning syndrome; prostration after sodium-metavanadate was accompanied by some agitation. For sodium-chromate, the MDNF and mDAF were 0.13 and 0.34 millimoles per kilogram (mmol/kg), respectively, for mice and 0.20 and 0.75mmol/kg, respectively, for rats; LD50s were between 0.32 and 0.33mmol/kg for mice and between 0.375 and 0.37mmol/kg for rats. For sodium-molybdate, MDNF was 0.80mmol/kg for mice and 1.45mmol/kg for rats; mDAF was 1.85 and 3.50mmol/kg for mice and rats, respectively. LD50 ranged between 1.15 and 1.35mmol/kg for mice and 2.32 and 2.44mmol/kg for rats. For sodium-tungstate, MDNF was 0.30 and 0.20mmol/kg, and mDAF was 0.60 and 1.00mmol/kg for mice and rats, respectively. LD50s were 0.44 to 0.47mmol/kg for mice and 0.62 to 0.64mmol/kg for rats. Sodium-metavanadate produced MDNF of 0.18 and 0.008mmol/kg mDAF of 0.36

and 1.00mmol/kg in mice and rats, respectively; LD50s were 0.29 to 0.30 for mice and 0.22 to 0.27mmol/kg for rats. Sodium-molybdate was 6 times less toxic than sodium-chromate and 3 to 4 times less toxic than sodium-tungstate. Sodium-metavanadate and sodium-chromate were equally toxic in rats and mice. KEYWORDS: DCN-129404 Comparative toxicology Inorganic salts Chromates Vanadium compounds Tungsten compounds Animal studies Rodents Dose response Toxic effects Median lethal dose Biological effects CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7775-11-3 7775-11-3 7631-95-0 11120-01-7 11105-06-9 CODEN: AIPTAK ENTRY MONTH: 199003 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1965 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: NIOSH/00141897 1123 TITLE: INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SURVEY EVALUATING POTENTIAL EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE TO COBALT AND TUNGSTEN DUST IN THE PLANER MILL SAW FILLING ROOM WITH ATTACHMENT SOURCE: EPA/OTS; Doc #86-870001819 KEYWORDS: UNION CAMP CORP COBALT (7440-48-4) HEALTH EFFECTS INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 ORDER NUMBER: NTIS/OTS0516426 ENTRY MONTH:

200101 CLASSIFICATION CODE: TSCA Sect. 8D Rec 00/00/00 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 2000 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: TSCATS/400732 1124 TITLE: (Hard-metal pneumoconiosis in Switzerland.) AUTHORS: REBER E BURCKHARDT P SOURCE: RESPIRATION; 27 (2). 1970 120-153 ABSTRACT: HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The results of investigations of dust samples taken at various work-places in Swiss plants engaged in hard-metal manufacture are discussed. The |threshold limit values| set up for Co and W concentrations were not exceeded in pressing-plants. The Co dust-concentrations in mixing-plants and moulderies were higher than these values. Air-borne concentrations of W hardly ever exceeded the limit. Hard-metal dust can produce varied reactions in the human organism. It is extremely difficult to diagnose a hard-metal pneumoconiosis in the initial stage. At times, a diagnosis can only be made by exclusion. No lethal case in Switzerland was reported so far. Nothing can be said with certainty as to the way in which the hard-metal affects the organism. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7440-33-7 7440-48-4 CODEN: RESPB ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1970 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HEEP/72/00485 1125 TITLE: Simultaneous spectrographic testing for 25 metals and metaloids in biological material. AUTHORS: Geldmacher-von Mallinckrodt M Pooth M SOURCE:

Arch. Toxikol.; 25(1): 5-18, 1969; (REF:69) ABSTRACT: HAPAB A method had been developed which allows the detection of 25 forensically important metals and metaloids present in biological material physiologically or in poisonings. A 5- to 10-g specimen of organ material ( liver, kidneys, spleen, etc. ), or 50 to 100 ml of blood or urine are required in the analysis. The material is first mineralized with sulfuric acid, nitric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide. This is then wet-ashed with a fresh solution of diethylammonium- diethyldithiocarbamate and extracted into fresh 1% chloroform. After absorption of the organic phase residue on carbon powder, the specimen is ready for spectrographic analysis ( the metals present as solutions of their salts ). This method allows in one procedure the detection of 1-mcg amounts of lead, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, gallium, indium, copper, manganese, molybdenum, mercury, silver, thallium, vanadium and tin; 2.5-mcg amounts of nickel, palladium and bismuth; 5-mcg amounts of arsenic, gold, platinum and zinc; 10-mcg amounts of tellurium; 15-mcg amounts of antimony and germanium; and 50-mcg amounts of tungsten in body organs and fluids. A table presents both normal values and the values in poisonings for the content of the various metals and metaloids in serum, urine, liver, kidneys and spleen. ANALYSIS $BULLETIN 70/01/00, 42 1969 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 7439-92-1 7439-96-5 7439-97-6 7439-98-7 7440-02-0 7440-05-3 7440-06-4 7440-22-4 7440-28-0 7440-31-5 7440-33-7 7440-36-0 7440-38-2 7440-43-9 7440-47-3 7440-48-4 7440-50-8 7440-55-3 7440-56-4 7440-57-5 7440-62-2 7440-66-6 7440-69-9 7440-74-6 10028-16-7 LANGUAGE: ger ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1969 SECONDARY SOURCE ID:

HAPAB/70/00153 1126 TITLE: Modification of a test paper procedure for determination of human serum cholinesterase activity. AUTHORS: Braid PE Nix MS SOURCE: Arch. Environ. Health; 17(6), 986-9, 1968; (REF:8) ABSTRACT: HAPAB A filter paper strip procedure ( Acholest ) incorporating bromthymol blue indicator and developed as a clinical test for atypical cholinesterase levels has been modified for assessment of exposure to organophosphate insecticides. For the modified test, five 1/4 in diameter discs are cut from each original ( 1 x 4 cm ) double test strip. Advantages gained from this procedure are: 1 ) for each test previously made, the test may now be made in triplicate with little extra time or test paper; 2 ) a large number of discs can be cut at one time and randomized by mixing; 3 ) circular test paper is now put in contact with a circular drop of serum. Migration of impregnants is thereby greatly reduced and whatever migration does occur is symmetrical; and 4 ) volume of serum needed for the test is considerably reduced. The modified test procedure, which is described in detail, further permits more precise timing of color matching and the use of a black background for this purpose. Either naturel or tungsten lighting may be used for color matching, but fluorescent light must be avoided. With the modified test, a 20% change in cholinesterase activity is readily determined. Factors for temperature adjustment of values and comparison with other procedures are included. ANALYSIS 69/03/00, 90 1968 CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS: 76-59-5 ENTRY MONTH: 197312 YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 1968 SECONDARY SOURCE ID: HAPAB/69/00308