Group: L Thy Ngn A15392 L Thu Ngn A15441 Nguyn Thu Trang A15695

OUTLINE TOPICS FOR DEBATE

I. God does not exist
1. For The world is so magnificent and wonderful, so full of variety and beauty, that it is inconceivable that it could have come about purely by chance. It is so intricate that a conscious hand must have been involved in its creation. Therefore, God exists as the creator of the world. God must be perfect if he exists. But a thing which exists is more perfect than a thing which doesnt exist. But nothing can be more perfect than God => God must exist. Everything in the universe has a cause. It is inconceivable that time is one, long beginning less chain of cause and effect, but it must be because we cannot conceive of something happening uncaused. => God exists as the uncaused first cause. 2. Against Fact: the world was created that God was the creator. - The conception of God contains many extra attributes that arent necessary of a world creator. - The world is beautiful and varied doesnt mean it was consciously designed. Why cant beauty happen by accident? Reject the idea that existence is perfection. - Something either exists or it doesnt. It mightnt be as useful to you if it doesnt exist but that is hardly the same thing.

- You say if God exists then he must be perfect, and if he must be perfect he must therefore exist. But all this rests on the initial if God exists. If God doesnt exist, we dont have the problem and the argument doesnt work. The cosmological argument doesnt work. For a start, an uncaused first cause still doesnt necessarily have all the attributes it would need to be called God e.g. omnipotence, benevolence and omniscience. More importantly, an uncaused first cause is just as incomprehensible to us as an endless chain of cause and effect. You are just shifting the incomprehension one stage back.

II. To be a teacher is better than to be a student

1. For: Advantages of being a teacher Teacher is an easy job - Go to class and teach students the knowledge that they know well - Be comfortable about the time: If they are busy, they can arrange suitable time. If they are late, nobody can punish them. - Can use cellphone freely in class - They can go to school to teach only one subject and then go home, go shopping or do extra jobs Teachers have power in their hand - Have the rights to deal with broad of directors (change classroom, use equipment, enroll subjects for students, etc.) - The rules and discipline are in their hands: set their own rules for students in class (attendance checking, etc.) - Have the rights to punish students and give them homework, deadlines, assignments, etc. Teacher is a respectful job - Have their own celebration (Nov 20th): On that day, students give them presents to show their respect - Considered to be the noblest job: educate and train knowledgeable generations in the future for countries. => Attack: Disadvantages of student Pressure in class - Have to concern about many subjects, lectures, homework, the ways to study, marks, test, punishment of teachers, etc. - Competition with other students Pressure out of class - Not only homework but also outdoor activities, part-time jobs => arrange time to balance all activities - School evils: students characteristic as well as behavior would be affected strongly

2. Against: Advantages of student Students are more active - Speak out their opinions about teachers - Have much free time to enjoy outdoor activities - Be free-minded and open with creative ideas Students have the power - If they are not comfortable, they can totally ask the head-quarter to change the teachers. => Attack: Disadvantages of teacher Teacher is a tough job - They have to be well prepared before going to class; they even don not have any sleep just to prepare the lecture, teaching methods, etc. - They have to be in school all day even though they have just 1-2 classes - Pressure is from not only students but also their parents. If teachers say whatever they want and cannot take control, they could be sued by the students and their parents. They also have to consider carefully the reasonable and suitable rules in class. Teachers are low-paid - Despite being considered as the noblest job, teachers are paid only 2-4 million VND per month. The situation of teachers in remote areas is even worse, lack of many necessary equipment and favorable condition, but still earn little money. - On Tet holiday in Vietnam, a teacher is given 100 thousand VND, while the other jobs like accountancy, banking staffs receive tens of million VND.

III. Abortion
Definition: When you get pregnant, you intentionally or unintentionally remove the baby out
of your body. 1. For Teenager Age - Almost teenagers get pregnant when they are small (13-15) - They still have to go to school => if they decide to give birth, they have to quit school => cannot have a good job - Give up freedom, have to take care the baby when other girls at the same age are playing, going shopping, etc. Responsibility for parents - They have to take care of their babies instead of taking care of their parents - Their parents might no longer be young and strong enough, but they have to help you look after your babies when you have engagement. Future - Because they have no skill, no qualification, they cannot have a good job - Their child will be shy, afraid of the other children because they have no dad - They might have to give up their dream, other activities with friends - Prejudice of the society Married women Age - Some women are not young enough to give birth. - If they insist on giving birth, it would affect not only the women but also the babies - Modern abortion procedures are safe. The risk of a womans death from abortion is less than one in 100,000. Whereas, the risk of a woman dying from giving birth is 13.3 deaths per 100,000 pregnancies. Lack of condition to bring up the baby

- A woman's right to choose abortion is a "fundamental right". A fetus is not a human being. Abortion is terminating a pregnancy, not a baby. - Some may accidentally or unintentionally get pregnant. If they already have 3 or 4 children, and their condition is not good enough to raise their children well, it might be the burden for not only the family but also the society. - Access to abortion is necessary because contraceptives are not always easily available. Women need doctor prescriptions to buy many birth control methods, such as the pill, the patch, the shot, and the diaphragm. About half of all large group-insurance plans do not cover any form of prescription contraception, and only a third cover the birth control pill. The responsibility for the society - A baby should not come into this world unwanted. 49% of all pregnancies among American women are unintended (159 KB) . [50] Birthing children is an important lifelong decision that requires responsible consideration, preparation, and planning. - Abortion should be legal because it is an effective tool in population control. Malnutrition, starvation, poverty, lack of medical and educational services, pollution, underdevelopment, and conflict over resources are all consequences of overpopulation 2. Against Abortion affects your physical health - 42 million abortions are performed globally each year, with 20 million of those performed unsafely => almost half of the abortions in the world are unsafe. - Unsafe abortion can go along with many significant risks such as heavy bleeding, infection, damage to internal organs. - It also can be hard for your next pregnancy or you even cannot get pregnant again. The worst thing you have to face is the death. - There are approximately 70 thousand maternal deaths and 5 million disabilities per year globally. - After the abortion, you want to forget all the bad things you have experienced => you take up drinking, smoking, getting drugs => the situation become even worse. Abortion affects your mental health

- Some may think that abortion would be a quick fix. We just take the abortion, and everything is done. But it is not that quick. The young women, who had had abortions, have to suffer not only physical hurt but also psychological problems. - You pay someone to kill your baby that sounds strange! - The moment you lie in the labor and hear from the doctor: Are you sure that you want to do this decide - give up your own flesh and blood child => haunt years after the abortion. - Finally, those who have aborted usually end up living the rest of their lives in guilty, regret and being conscience-stricken. Moreover, the father of the child may also have those feelings. He may even want the child, but he has no choice if the mother chooses abortion. Abortion breaks human rights - In fact, abortion always kills children. -By abortion, we take the human rights away from a future human. The babies can't speak for themselves doesn't mean they have no rights. - It is the reproductive rights, it is about a woman controlling her body => NO! The baby is a part of the woman in the sense that he is her offspring, her flesh-and-blood child. But his DNA, fingerprints, blood type are different to hers; he still can live if the woman dies in labor. - Although the parents own their children, they are individuals with rights. They are human. They are alive. They are innocent. These unborn babies should have the right to live and grow into a normal person. It is not necessary to kill a life; there are many other solutions to resolve this problem. - There are many countries in the world have law to object to this action, such as Chile, Uruguay, US, UK, Canada and so on. For instance in Chile, women still go to prison for having an illegal abortion; and abortion is not allowed even in cases of rape or when the pregnancy endangers the life of the woman.

IV. Gay/les marriage

Definition: It is also known as same-sex marriage or gender-neutral marriage. It is the
marriage between two people of the same biological sex or social gender. 1. For Individuals - Everyone have the rights to live, get married and be happy - You are against gay marriage just because you think that gay/les is something like a disease or mistake of the God. - As long as they love each other, they should be allowed to publicly celebrate their commitment and receive the same benefits of marriage as opposite sex couples. - It is the discrimination based on sexual orientation- The recognition of such marriages is a civil rights, political, social, moral, and religious issue in many nations. - Gay marriage is protected by the Constitution's commitments to liberty and equality. - They are born in that case, even they dont want that just because of the prejudice. If the whole society dont have any antipathy to them, they can live like the normal people. - When the spouses are in the same sex, they will have sympathy for each other. In many opposite-sex marriages nowadays, the males is supposed to be lazier in housework and taking care of children and have more violent actions toward the females. It certainly will not happen in same-sex marriage. Society - If they do not have any harm or destroy to the society, why dont you let them to live happy. Even the different sex marriage cannot be happy and live together ever after. What do you want from them? You want them to live alone all life? It is none of your business. - For example: Since 2001, ten countries have begun allowing same-sex couples to marry nationwide: Argentina, Belgium, Canada, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, South Africa, and Sweden. Same-sex marriages are also performed and recognized in the Brazilian state of Alagoas, Mexico City and parts of the United States. As of 2012, proposals exist to introduce same-sex marriage in at least ten other countries. In Vietnam, up to now, there are already 2 marriage between same gender.

- With several countries revising their marriage laws to recognize same-sex couples in the 21st century, all major English dictionaries have revised their definition of the word marriage to either drop gender specifications or supplement them with secondary definitions to include gender-neutral language or explicit recognition of same-sex unions. The Oxford English Dictionary has recognized same-sex marriage since 2000. Massachusetts, which became the first state in the US to legalize gay marriage on May 17, 2004, had the lowest divorce rate in the country in 2008. Its divorce rate declined 21% between 2003 and 2008. - Same-sex marriage has nothing to do with procreation just in theory: States are a business and they invest in FUTURE citizens = More Population = More people to tax and an increase workforce...The population is overgrown, and same-sex marriage with adopting children is a solution to this problem. - Gay marriage will make it easier for same-sex couples to adopt children. In the US, 100,000 children are waiting to be adopted. - If marriage is about reproduction, then infertile couples would not be allowed to marry. Ability or desire to create offspring has never been a qualification for marriage. 2. Against It affects their family and relatives - Their family, especially their parents, will feel shock, ashamed, nervous, confused when they know that their children are les/gay. Moreover, they want to get married with other les/gay. The parents will have feelings like some horrible secrets are now uncovered. The neighbor, surrounding also have curious and annoying eyes on them. - If they have an adopted child, he will be very upset and shy. Gay marriage will lead to more children being raised in same-sex households which are not an suitable environment for raising children because children need both a mother and father. Girls who are raised apart from their fathers are reportedly at higher risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy. Children without a mother are lack of the emotional security and unique advice that mothers provide. It breaks the tradition - The institution of marriage has traditionally been defined as between a man and a woman. - Marriage is already threatened with high divorce rates (between 40% and 50%) and with 40.6% of babies being born to unmarried mothers in 2008. Allowing same-sex couples to marry would further weaken the institution because of the need to adopt children.
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- It will object to many beliefs and traditions of many religious group like Catholic Church, Islam, etc. - Marriage is not a right. Marriage was created to allow society to maintain the race (procreation). If a same-sex couple cannot give birth, they dont need to get married, just live together. Homosexual relationships have nothing to do with procreation. - When they divorce, it relates to many issues such as government policy for wife and husband roles, dividing the properties, who will race the children, etc. => It is hard to change the law.

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V. Capital punishment (CP)

Definition: CP is the sentence of death upon a person by the state as a punishment for a crime.
1. For Incapacitation of the criminal - CP permanently removes the worst criminals from society ->safer for the rest of us. Dead criminals cannot commit any further crimes, either within prison or after escaping or after being released from it. Criminals who receive the death penalty are typically violent individuals. Therefore for the safety of the prisons guards, other prisoners, and the general public - The death penalty certainly "deters" the murderer who is executed. Vicious murderers must be killed to prevent them from murdering again, either in prison, or in society if they should get out. Both as a deterrent and as a form of permanent incapacitation, the death penalty helps to prevent future crime. Cost - The cost of life imprisonment > much more expensive > the cost of death penalty. Money is not an inexhaustible commodity and the government has to pay a great of money for feed these worst criminals such as food, individual appliance, etc. Instead, the government may better spend our (limited) resources on the old, the disabled and the poor etc., rather than on the long term imprisonment of murderers, rapists, etc. - It contributes to the problem of overpopulation in the prison system. Prisons across the country face the problem of too many prisoners and not enough space & resources. Each additional prisoner requires a portion of a cell, food, clothing, extra guard time, and so on. When you eliminate the death penalty as an option, it means that prisoner must be housed for life. Thus, it only adds to the problem of an overcrowded prison system. Justice (most important) - CP gives closure to the victims families who have suffered too much. Some family members of crime victims may take years or decades to recover from the shock and loss of a loved one. Some may never recover. One of the things that helps hasten this recovery is to achieve some kind of closure.
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 Life in prison just means the criminal is still around to haunt the victim. A death sentence brings finality to a horrible chapter in the lives of these family member - A long line of victims have been waiting for justice. => its time we put the emphasis of our justice system for past and current victims. - Death penalty is morally justified when applied in murder especially with aggravating elements such as multiple homicide, child murder, torture murder and mass killing. It would be unfair that those who have committed these horrible crimes stay alive, even incarcerated. - Capital punishment is not revenge. It is a matter of putting an end to a life that has no value for human lives. 2. Against Price - Financial costs to taxpayers of capital punishment are several times that of keeping someone in prison for life. Carrying out one death sentence costs 2-5 times more than keeping that same criminal in prison for the rest of his life. It has to do with the endless appeals, additional required procedures, and legal wrangling that drag the process out. It's not unusual for a prisoner to be on death row for 15-20 years. Judges, attorneys, court reporters, clerks, and court facilities all require a substantial investment by the taxpayers. -> Do we really have the resources to waste? Our society has to move away from the "eye for an eye" revenge mentality if civilization is to advance. - The "eye for an eye" mentality will never solve anything. - It is important to send a message to society that striking back at your enemy purely for revenge will always make matters worse. - It is useless in that it doesn't bring the victim back to life. It doesn't change the fact that the victim is gone and will never come back. Hate, revenge, and anger will never cure the emptiness of a lost loved one. Forgiveness is the only way to start the healing process, and this won't happen in a revenge-focused individual. CP is not a deterrent
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- It deprives the culprit of his chances of reformation Our duty to society is fulfilled by isolating the dangerous man for so long as he may continue to be dangerous. ==> As for deterrent action, this should be compassed, not by fear, but by reformative and protective measures in our social policy. The only way to destroy a criminal is by reforming the man who is a criminal. To destroy his bodily life is nothing but a stupid blunder. - It is tantamount to a repudiation of the divine nature of man. - Crime rates have not gone down. For example: the murder rate in the US is 6 times that of Britain and 5 times that of Australia. => The death penalty is a cruel and brutal punishment, and it continues the cycle of violence. Although the death sentence shows strong social condemnation for heinous crimes, it won't prevent future violent crimes. The death penalty will hurt more people

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VI. Euthanasia
Definition: Euthanasia is the intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human
being for his or her alleged benefit. It also means the good death or mercy killing. It is the end of an ill persons life in a painless way. 1. For Frees up medical funds to help other people - Health care costs can be reduced, which would save estates and lower insurance premiums Some workers around the country are going on strike simply to protest the increase in health care costs (premiums on health care have took a major jump in costs over the last decade) The huge cost of keeping a dying patient alive for several months (you must pay for xrays, lab tests, drugs, hospital overhead, medical staff salaries, etc.) Most people want to be able to leave their children and grandchildren with something when they die. Medical costs eat into that estate. - Doctors and nurses time can be freed up to work on savable patients. We face a critical shortage of medical staff especially nurses. Recent studies have confirmed the obvious that understaffed hospitals make more mistakes and provide lesser quality care. - Families of patients dont need to bear any burden and have time to care about their future. Friends and family of the patient often suffer as much or more pain as the patient himself. It is difficult to see a loved one in such anguish for so long When the patient does eventually die, it is often sudden or it follows a period when the patient has lost consciousness. Humanitarian - The right to die should be a fundamental freedom of each person Nowhere in the constitution does it state or imply that the government has the right to keep a person from committing suicide. - Prevention of suicide is a violation of religious freedom. A significant part of religious beliefs involves what happens in the afterlife. By preventing suicide, the government is imposing its religious belief that suicide is a sin.
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No one knows for sure what happens after we die; it should be up to the individual to determine what he or she believes. The government cannot legislate morality. - Without physician assistance, people may commit suicide in a messy, horrifying, and traumatic way. The people are going to commit suicide, which is better controlled, compassionate doctor-assisted suicide or clumsy attempts like taking sleeping pills, jumping off a building, or firing a bullet into ones head? If you were a family member, which would be more traumatic saying goodbye to a loved one at the hospital or coming home to see his head and brains splattered against the wall from a bullet? 2. Against Slippery slope (The effects that follow euthanasia) - Doctors are given too much power which can be wrong or unethical Doctors make mistakes just like any other people. Doctors have the ability to decide whom they encourage or discourage on the prospects of recovery. - Government and insurance companies may put under pressure on doctors to avoid heroic measures or recommend the assisted-suicide procedure. Health insurance providers are under tremendous pressure to keep premiums down. To do this, they must cut costs at every turn and make tough decisions. - It could open the floodgates to non-critical patient suicides and other abuses Any loosening of the assisted-suicide laws could eventually lead to abuses of the privilege. Euthanasia devalues human life - It demeans the value of human life For each death, we have 1-2 days of ceremonies, elaborate burials, and months of mourning. When 3,000 people died in the 9/11 attacks, donations poured in from all over the country. We donated money, blood, time, prayers and tears. And we will probably always mourn the annual anniversary of the attacks. - Euthanasia can become a mean of health care cost containment.

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 Miracle cures or recoveries can occur, people will just try Euthanasia if they stop Hoping. You can never underestimate the power of the human spirit. We should never get to a point where we spend more time looking for a way out of life than for a way to sustain life.

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VII. Facebook should be banned in Vietnam

1. For Employee: - Efficiency at work More chances to get a job. By using Facebook people can share information to thousands of people so the chances of getting a job are more likely and higher. Work can be done faster. By sharing a difficult paper work with friends on Facebook, the work now will done by more than just one person. Facebook allows the establishment of partnerships between various projects. Moreover, using Facebook fan page, you can increase your brand value and social media presence for your business. Facebook helps you to find new leads and client, if you use it properly. Enhance networking and create connections. Any one, can take advantages of Facebook to maintain a good relationship with others, who identify with certain tastes or products, is very important, because later you can sell a product or promote products or services, thus increasing the possibilities of making money on the Internet. Student: - No boundaries Make friend easier: Now the barrier of talking face to face is off and distanent problem is no more an issue people can make friend from all over the world. They now can share their interest and thinking by just log on to Facebook. Makes it less awkward when communicating with strangers or people you are not familiar with. Love attraction - can be used as a dating service system Dont have to travel long distance to talk with friends: In the past when Facebook is not existent people have to travel far away to meet and talk with their friends or family. But now thanks to Facebook we can sit at home and talk with our friends or relatives. It allows members to check students who are taking the same class, living within the same area, or coming from the same academy. It allows user search for new and old friends Better away to showing off: You can also use Facebook as image or video hosting site. You can set privacy for individual album to make your video and image collection private or public. 2. Against Government:
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 Rebel : o Why does the government hate Facebook? It because people can freely say anything and share whatever they know to public. The incident in Egypt (25 January 2011 and is still continuing as of January 2012) for an example, people using Facebook as a tool of communication to communicate whit each other and go on riot. o There are plenty of groups and Fan pages out there which is being created to abuse or violate other religion, personalities, nation etc. This kind of racist disgusting activities decreasing some popularity. Wasted of resources o Facebook is a website people or company use to share their information, so sometime spies can get advantage of it to sabotage government. No governments want that to happen so they have to hire and buy more advance technologies to control the people using Facebook. Confidential leaking o Because Facebook has a large number of users so everybody can share whatever they know to the public. Moreover, some people can use that Facebook to get confidential information from Facebook through their Facebook friends. o One of the most prominent disadvantages of Facebook has to do with the Facebook privacy. Though later on Facebook simplified Facebook privacy, but still many newbie make mistakes by publishing private images and status update publicly. Also, people usually keep their Facebook friend list visible to public, and this helps Facebook stalkers to find information. Employer: - Wasting time of consume Time consuming, employees losing focus ->productivity decrease o Now a day, people use Facebook as a communication Chanel to chat with their friends. If the employees pay too much time and attention to Facebook, they will lose focus to their work. It will cause the productivities of a company or an organization decrease. Confidential leaking o Between two companies that are competitive with eachother, the opposite company can use Facebook to steal idea and information from other company. o From different news it is found that sometimes Facebook can be life threatening. Many unknown people can track your activities and where you are going. As a result,
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you can face trouble. So be careful in choosing friends and keeping your activities private. Using it for marketing purpose too far o Facebook allows phone verification but there is no check on Fake Facebook profile. You will find tons of fake profile with beautiful profile picture of any girl. There is no limit to such profile and most of them are created by stalker or by marketers to gain more friends and then to use it for marketing purpose.

THE END THANKS FOR READING

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