Chap4. Mechanical Actuator Systems 1-the usefulness of hydraulic and pneumatic systems as mechatronics elements.

2- the usefulness of mechanical elements such as mechanisms, gears, cams, etc. 3- questions and problems.

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

- Hydraulic and pneumatic systems are similar except that: - Hydraulic system uses an incompressible fluid as the working medium, - a pneumatic system uses air, which is basically compressed.

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Advantages of using air as a working medium: 1- Readily

available and no recycling is

necessary 2- It is non-flammable so leakage does not create threat to safety 3- It has negligible change in viscosity, which controls the systems performance
Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Advantages of using incompressible fluid a working medium: 1- the incompressibility of fluid helps in positive

action of motion. 2- faster response (unlike pneumatic system where there are longer time delays)

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic systems: - Symbols are invaluable to designers representing complex fluid power systems. in

- The standard ANSI (American National Standard Institute) are used.

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

ANSI symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic systems

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

ANSI symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic systems

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

the major components of hydraulic and pneumatic systems are: - Pumps - Compressors - valves

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

pumps are used to supply the high pressure that the mechatronic systems require. Three types are most commonly used: 1- gear pump 2- vane pump 3- piston pump
Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1- gear pump

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1- vane pump

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1- piston pump

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Selection of different types of pumps: 1- rotary gear pumps are comparatively less costly and work under pressures up to 750kN/m 2 2- units designed to work under pressure up to

2000kN/m are also available.

3- Their efficiency is lower than other types.

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Selection of different types of pumps: 1- vane pumps are usually costlier. 2- greater efficiency than gear pumps. 3- their max. pressure is limited to

750kN/m

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Selection of different types of pumps: 1- rotary piston pumps are usually costlier and more efficient than other types. 2- they can operate up to 7000kN/m 2

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Two types of compressors are most commonly used: 1- centrifugal compressor 2- axial compressor

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1- centrifugal compressor

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1- axial compressor

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

- The valves are used to control the direction and amount of flow in hydraulic or pneumatic system. - Several types are commonly used:

1- relief valve 2- differential pressure regulating valve

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1- relief valve Limit the max. obtainable pressure

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

2- differential pressure regulating valve

Maintain p=(P1-P2)=const.
Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

1. 2.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Title of the project Introduction 1. Definition of the project 2. Background 3. Literature review 4. Problem & solution Description of the project Staff requirements Equipments required Budget required Duration and Time schedule

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator

Chap.4-Mech.Actuator