Kevin Sanchez Mrs.

Acevedo IB History of the Americas Period 6 April 19, 2013 New Deal Programs Program Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Objectives The CCC was a public works project intended to promote environmental conservation and to build good citizens through controlled outdoor labor. Franklin D. Roosevelt believed that this tree army would relieve unemployment rates and keep the youth in society controlled. Public Works Administration The PWA budgeted several It provided the federal The PWA spent over $6 Successes In less than 10 years, the CCC was able to build more than 800 parks and planted nearly 3 billion trees across the nation. Failures The CCC claimed to have a nondiscriminatory policy, but they failed to give fair share of work to blacks. The maximum percentage of colored individuals working for the CCC at any given time was 10%.

(PWA)

billion dollars to be spent on the construction of public works as a means of providing employment, stabilizing purchasing power, improving public welfare, and contributing to a revival of the American industry. Between July 1933 and March 1939, the PWA funded the construction of more than 34,000 projects. 70% of new schools and 33% of all hospitals across the United States were built during this period.

government with its first systematic network for the distribution of funds to localities, ensured that conservation would remain an aspect of in the national discussion, and provided federal administrators with a broad amount of badly needed experiences in public policy planning.

billion, but it did not succeed in returning the industrial activity to pre-depression levels. In addition, it did not significantly reduce the unemployment level or help create a plethora of small businesses.

Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

The FERA attempted to provide recovery and relief from the Great Depression by the establishment of a number of emergency relief programs. It offered state assistance for the

Within the first two hours upon passing this act, $5 million were distributed to those families who needed it, and after two years, $3 billion were given to those individuals who suffered the

Unemployment rates remained high even after the elimination of the FERA. The concerns about public welfare remained eminent. Jobs tended to be more

unemployed and their families. This program, along with others, provided work for over 20 million Americans. Some of the projects that were conducted as a result of the FERA include street construction, bridge building and sewer laying projects, park grounds and playfield improvements, school and public building construction and repair, etc. Civil Works Administration (CWA) The CWA was established in order to create jobs for the millions of unemployed. This administration created construction jobs, mainly focusing on improving the quality of bridges and buildings.

most as a result of the Great Depression. The FERA revitalized many deteriorating relief programs.

expensive than the payments made to the employees, not financially helping their economic situation; however, psychologically, this proved to be beneficial to those who were previously unemployed.

The four million employed workers laid 12 million feet of sewer pipe, improved 255,000 miles of roads, 40,000 schools, 3,700 playgrounds, and nearly 1,000 airports.

The jobs provided to the unemployed were only temporary, solely for the duration of the harsh winters. The CWA lasted a mere five months, and during this time period over a billion dollars were spent when the

projected cost was $400 million. Works Progress Administration (WPA) The WPA offered work to the unemployed by spending money on a wide variety of programs, including highways and building construction, reforestation, and rural rehabilitation. During its eight-year history, the WPA built 651,087 miles of highways, roads, and streets. In addition, it constructed, repaired, and improved 124,031 bridges, 125,110 public buildings, 8,192 parks, and 853 airport landing fields. Unemployment levels also decreased as result of the WPA. One prominent issue of the WPA is that sometimes flash floods, hurricanes, and forest fires would occur. This would cost the lives of the individuals working there or make the gravely injured. The WPA became unnecessary after World War II since unemployment rates began to rapidly decrease. National Youth Administration (NYA) It provided work and educational training based on United States citizenship and financial need for youth between the ages of 16 and 25. In addition to offering courses in The NYA helped over 4.5 million young people find work, get vocational training, or afford a better education before its termination. The money that these young adults made were Anti-New Dealers argued that the NYA was expensive and valueless, showing no noticeable difference in society. As wartime spending increased, Congress refused

writing, reading, and arithmetic, the NYA operated two programs: the Works Project Program and the Student Aid Program. The Works Project Program trained unemployed, out-of-school youth, while the latter provided work-study training for high school, college, and graduate students. It also furnished educational camps for unemployed women between ages 18 and 25 who needed personal and occupational guidance.

used to provide aid and relief for not just them, but their families as well.

to continue funding the program and abolished it in 1943.

List of Sources http://content.lib.washington.edu/feraweb/ http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/n/na014.html

http://www.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/pwa.cfm http://www.history.com/topics/civilian-conservation-corps http://www.johndclare.net/America9_Bergen.htm http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/wpa/wpa_info.html http://www.nextnewdeal.net/national-youth-administration https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Civil_Works_Administration.html http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/w/works_progress_administration/index.html