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REPORTABLE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 146 OF 2014 [Arising out of SLP (Crl ! No "#$% of &'1$! () H*)+ Mis,r+ .*rsus St+t* of U P +n/ Ot,*rs R*s-on/*nts A--*ll+nt

JUDGMENT

K. S. RADHAKRISHNAN, J. 1 & L*+0* gr+nt*/ A--*ll+nt ,*r*in ,+/ in0o1*/ t,* *2tr+or/in+r3

4uris/i5tion of t,* Hig, Court un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ s**1ing t,* follo7ing r*li*fs8 i! Issu* + 7rit9 or/*r or /ir*5tion in t,* n+tur* of Certiorari t,*r*:3 ;u+s,ing t,* i)-ugn*/ FIR /+t*/ &1 1& &'119 5ont+in*/ in Ann*2ur* No 1 to t,is 7rit

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-*tition9 lo/g*/ +t 5ri)* No "%"<11 un/*r S*5tions #1%<#&' IPC9 +t Poli5* St+tion =+i/-ur9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i? ii! Issu* + 7rit9 or/*r or /ir*5tion in t,* n+tur* of Mandamus t,*r*:3 /ir*5ting t,* Su-*rint*n/+nt of Poli5*9 >+r+:+n1i9 t,* o--osit* P+rt3 No &9 +n/ t,* In0*stig+ting Offi5*r9 C+s* Cri)* No "%"<119 un/*r S*5tions #1%<#&' IPC9 Poli5* St+tion9 =+i/-ur9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i9 t,* o--osit* -+rt3 No $9 to /*f*r t,* +rr*st of t,* -*tition*r until 5oll*5tion of t,* 5r*/i:l* *0i/*n5* suffi5i*nt for filing t,* 5,+rg*@s,**t :3 follo7ing t,* +)*n/*/ -ro0iso to S*5tions #1(1!(:! r*+/ 7it, S*5tion #1A CrPC? Issu* + 7rit9 or/*r or /ir*5tion in t,* n+tur* of Mandamus t,*r*:3 /ir*5ting t,* Su-*rint*n/*nt of Poli5*9 >+r+:+n1i9 t,* o--osit* -+rt3 No &9 for 5o)-li+n5* of t,* -ro0ision of S*5tions #1(1!(:! +n/ #1A CrPC in t,* in0*stig+tion of t,* i)-ugn*/ FIR /+t*/ &1 1& &'11 5ont+in*/ in Ann*2ur* No 1 to t,is 7rit -*tition9 lo/g*/ in 5ri)* No "%"<119 un/*r S*5tions #1%<#&' IPC9 =+i/-ur9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i? +n/ i0! $ Allo7 t,is 7rit -*tition 7it, 5osts T,* Hig, Court9 +ft*r ,*+ring t,* -+rti*s +s 7*ll +s t,*

iii!

St+t*9 /is)iss*/ t,* 7rit -*tition on % 1 &'1& +n/ -+ss*/ t,* follo7ing or/*r8 AH*+r/ l*+rn*/ 5ouns*l for t,* -*tition*r +n/ l*+rn*/ A//ition+l Bo0*rn)*nt A/0o5+t* Un/*r

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5,+ll*ng* in t,* inst+nt 7rit -*tition is FIR r*l+ting to C+s* Cri)* No "%" of &'119 un/*r S*5tions #1% C #&' IPC9 -oli5* st+tion =+i/-ur9 /istri5t >+r+:+n1i D* ,+0* gon* t,roug, t,* FIR9 7,i5, /is5los*s 5o))ission of 5ogniE+:l* off*n5*9 +s su5,9 t,* s+)* 5+nnot :* ;u+s,*/ T,* 7rit -*tition l+51s )*rit +n/ is +55or/ingl3 /is)iss*/ Ho7*0*r9 t,* -*tition*r :*ing l+/39 it is -ro0i/*/ t,+t if s,* surr*n/*rs +n/ )o0*s +--li5+tion for :+il t,* s+)* s,+ll :* 5onsi/*r*/ +n/ /*5i/*/ :3 t,* 5ourts :*lo7 *2-*/itiousl3 F # T,* +--*ll+nt9 in t,* 5o)-l+ining 5+s*9 ,+s t,+t s,* 7+s t,is f+ls*l3 Court

i)-li5+t*/

+--ro+5,*/

5ont*n/ing t,+t t,* Hig, Court ,+/ f+il*/ to *2*r5is* its 5*rtior+ri 4uris/i5tion un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ in not ;u+s,ing t,* FIR /+t*/ &1 1& &'11 +n/ in r*fusing to gr+nt +nti5i-+tor3 :+il to t,* +--*ll+nt A--*ll+nt su:)itt*/ t,+t t,* Hig, Court oug,t to ,+0* issu*/ + writ of mandamus /ir*5ting t,* Su-*rint*n/*nt of Poli5*9 >+r+:+n1i to /*f*r t,* +rr*st of t,* +--*ll+nt until t,* 5oll*5tion of 5r*/i:l* *0i/*n5* suffi5i*nt for filing t,* 5,+rg*@s,**t9 follo7ing t,* +)*n/*/ -ro0iso to S*5tion #1(1!(:! r*+/ 7it, S*5tion #1A Cr P C

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G T,* S*5r*t+r39 UP S*5on/+r3 E/u5+tion >o+r/9

All+,+:+/ +n/ t,* Distri5t S5,ool Ins-*5tor 0i/* t,*ir l*tt*r /+t*/ H 1& &'11 r*gist*r*/ + 5o)-l+int +ll*ging t,+t t,* +--*ll+nt ,+/ 5o))itt*/ fr+u/ +n/ forg*r3 in t,* )+tt*r of -r*-+r+tion of /o5u)*nts of Bo0*rn)*nt Offi5* r*g+r/ing s*l*5tion for t,* -ost of Assist+nt T*+5,*r +n/9

5ons*;u*ntl39 got +--oint)*nt +s t,* Assist+nt T*+5,*r in J+n-+/ Int*r@Coll*g* +t H+r+1,9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i9 7it, -+3)*nt of s+l+r3 +)ounting to Rs 191'9'''<@ fro) t,* Bo0*rn)*nt *25,*;u*r Cri)* No On t,* :+sis of t,* FIR9 C+s*

"%" of &'11 7+s r*gist*r*/ un/*r S*5tions

#1%<#&' IPC :*for* t,* Poli5* St+tion9 J+iE-ur9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i Aft*r ,+0ing 5o)* to 1no7 of t,* r*gistr+tion of t,* 5ri)*9 t,* +--*ll+nt fil*/ + r*-r*s*nt+tion on &" 1& &'11 :*for* t,* Su-*rint*n/*nt of Poli5*9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i +n/ t,* In0*stig+ting Offi5*r )+1ing t,* follo7ing -r+3*r8 AAs su5, t,roug, t,is +--li5+tion<r*-r*s*nt+tion t,* +--li5+nt -r+3s t,+t 1**-ing in 0i*7 t,* 7illingn*ss of t,* +--li5+nt for 5oo-*r+ting in in0*stig+tion +n/ to +--*+r :*for* t,* in0*stig+ting offi5*r u-on :*ing 5+ll*/ in 5+s* 5ri)* no "%"<11 u<Ss #1%<#&' IPC9 PS J+i-/ur9 Distri5t >+r+:+n1i9 or/*r for st+3ing t,* +rr*st of

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+--li5+nt :* -+ss*/ so t,+t 5o)-li+n5* to t,* -ro0ision #1(1!(>! S*5tion #1(A! +)*n/*/ to CrPC 1%"$ :* )+/* F 6 Sin5* t,* +--*ll+nt /i/ not g*t +n3 r*-l3 to t,* s+i/

r*-r*s*nt+tion9 s,* in0o1*/ t,* *2tr+or/in+r3 4uris/i5tion of t,* Hig, Court un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ :3 filing Drit P*tition Mis5 >*n5, No 1"1 of &'1& 7,i5, 7+s /is)iss*/9 +s +lr*+/3 in/i5+t*/9 on % 1 &'1& " D,*n t,* )+tt*r 5+)* u- for ,*+ring :*for* t,is Court9

it -+ss*/ +n int*ri) or/*r on 1 $ &'1$9 t,* o-*r+ti0* -ortion of 7,i5, r*+/s +s un/*r8 AConsi/*ring t,* f+5ts +n/ 5ir5u)st+n5*s of t,* 5+s*9 7* +r* in5lin*/ to /ir*5t t,+t in t,* *0*nt of +rr*st of t,* -*tition*r9 s,* s,+ll :* r*l*+s*/ on :+il on furnis,ing -*rson+l :on/ of Rs G'9'''<@ (Fift3 T,ous+n/ onl3! 7it, t7o sol0*nt sur*ti*s for t,* li1* +)ount to t,* s+tisf+5tion of t,* Tri+l Court9 su:4*5t to t,* 5on/ition t,+t s,* 7ill 4oin in0*stig+tion +s +n/ 7,*n r*;uir*/ +n/ s,+ll +:i/* :3 t,* -ro0isions of S*5tion #$H(&! of t,* Co/* of Cri)in+l Pro5*/ur* F H S,ri As**) C,+n/r+9 l*+rn*/ 5ouns*l +--*+ring for t,*

+--*ll+nt9 su:)itt*/ t,+t t,* Hig, Court ,+s 5o))itt*/ +n

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*rror in not ;u+s,ing t,* FIR9 sin5* t,* r*gistr+tion of t,* 5ri)* 7+s 7it, mala fide int*ntion to ,+r+ss t,* +--*ll+nt +n/ in 5l*+r 0iol+tion of t,* fun/+)*nt+l rig,ts gu+r+nt**/ to t,* +--*ll+nt un/*r Arti5l*s 1#9 1% +n/ &1 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ L*+rn*/ 5ouns*l su:)itt*/ t,+t t,*

+--*ll+nt 7+s f+ls*l3 i)-li5+t*/ +n/ t,+t t,* ingr*/i*nts of t,* off*n5* un/*r S*5tions #1%<#&' IPC 7*r* not prima facie )+/* out for r*gist*ring t,* 5ri)* L*+rn*/ 5ouns*l +lso

-oint*/ out t,+t t,* Hig, Court ,+s not -ro-*rl3 +--r*5i+t*/ t,* s5o-* of S*5tions #1(1!(:! +n/ #1A CrPC9 1%"$ +n/ t,+t no +tt*)-t ,+s :**n )+/* to follo7 t,os* st+tutor3 -ro0isions :3 t,* St+t* +n/ its offi5i+ls % S,ri B+ur+0 >,+ti+9 l*+rn*/ AAB9 +--*+ring for t,* su:)itt*/ t,+t t,* in0*stig+tion 7+s -ro-*rl3

St+t*9

5on/u5t*/ +n/ t,* 5ri)* 7+s r*gist*r*/

Furt,*r9 it 7+s

+lso -oint*/ out t,+t t,* Pr*si/*nt ,+s +lso 7it,,*l/ t,* +ss*nt of t,* Co/* of Cri)in+l Pro5*/ur* (Utt+r Pr+/*s, A)*n/)*nt! >ill9 &'1'9 sin5* t,* -ro0isions of t,* >ill 7*r* foun/ to :* in 5ontr+0*ntion to S*5tion #$H of t,* Cr P C

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+n/ ,*n5* t,* Hig, Court rig,tl3 /*5lin*/ t,* st+3 soug,t for un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ 1' S,ri Si//,+rt, Lut,r+9 A//ition+l Soli5itor B*n*r+l9 7,o

+--*+r*/ on our r*;u*st9 su:)itt*/ t,+t t,* Hig, Court 5+n in onl3 r+r*st of r+r* 5+s*s gr+nt -r*@+rr*st :+il 7,il* *2*r5ising -o7*rs un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+9 sin5* t,* -ro0ision for t,* gr+nt of +nti5i-+tor3 :+il un/*r S*5tion #$H Cr P C 7+s 5ons5iousl3 o)itt*/ :3 t,* St+t* L*gisl+tur* T,* l*gisl+ti0* int*ntion is9 t,*r*for*9 not

to s**1 or -ro0i/* -r*@+rr*st :+il 7,*n t,* FIR /is5los*s + 5ogniE+:l* off*n5* S,ri Lut,r+ su:)itt*/ t,+t sin5* t,*r* is + 5ons5ious 7it,/r+7+l</*l*tion of S*5tion #$H CrPC :3 t,* L*gisl+tur* fro) t,* Co/* of Cri)in+l Pro5*/ur*9 :3 S*5tion % of t,* Cri)in+l Pro5*/ur* (Utt+r Pr+/*s,! A)*n/)*nt A5t9 1%"69 t,* r*li*f 7,i5, ot,*r7is* t,* +--*ll+nt 5oul/ not ,+0* o:t+in*/ un/*r t,* Co/*9 is soug,t to :* o:t+in*/ in/ir*5tl3 :3 in0o1ing t,* 7rit 4uris/i5tion of t,* Hig, Court9 7,i5, is i)-*r)issi:l* in l+7

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11 S,ri Lut,r+ +lso su:)itt*/ t,+t sin5* t,* +--*ll+nt ,+s

no l*g+l rig,t to )o0* for +nti5i-+tor3 :+il +n/ t,+t -r+5ti5* is not +n int*gr+l -+rt of Arti5l* &1 of t,* Constitution of In/i+9 t,* 5ont*ntion t,+t t,* Hig, Court ,+s f+il*/ to *2+)in* t,* 5,+rg*s l*0*ll*/ +g+inst t,* +--*ll+nt9 7+s mala fide or 0iol+ti0* of Arti5l*s 1# +n/ &1 of t,* Constitution of In/i+9 /o*s not +ris* S,ri Lut,r+ +lso

su:)itt*/ t,+t t,* Hig, Court 7+s not 5orr*5t in gr+nting furt,*r r*li*fs +ft*r ,+0ing /is)iss*/ t,* 7rit -*tition +n/ t,+t9 onl3 in *2tr+or/in+r3 5+s*s9 t,* Hig, Court 5oul/ *2*r5is* its 4uris/i5tion un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ +n/ t,* 5+s* in ,+n/ /o*s not f+ll in t,+t 5+t*gor3 1& I )+3 in/i5+t* t,+t t,* l*g+l issu*s r+is*/ in t,is 5+s* All t,* s+)*9 it 5+lls for + r*loo1

+r* no )or* res integra

on 5*rt+in +s-*5ts 7,i5, I )+3 /*+l 7it, /uring t,* 5ours* of t,* 4u/g)*nt 1$ I +) 5ons5ious of t,* f+5t t,+t sin5* t,* -ro0isions

si)il+r to S*5tion #$H Cr P C :*ing +:s*nt in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s,9 t,* Hig, Court is :ur/*n*/ 7it, l+rg* nu):*r

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of 7rit -*titions fil*/ un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ s**1ing -r*@+rr*st :+il S*5tion #$H 7+s +//*/ to t,* Co/* of Cri)in+l Pro5*/ur* in t,* 3*+r 1%"$9 in -ursu+n5* to t,* r*5o))*n/+tion )+/* :3 t,* #1 st L+7 Co))ission9 :ut in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s, :3 S*5tion % Cri)in+l

Pro5*/ur* (Utt+r Pr+/*s,! A)*n/)*nt A5t9 1%"69 S*5tion #$H 7+s s-*5ifi5+ll3 o)itt*/9 t,* l*g+lit3 of 7,i5, 5+)* ufor 5onsi/*r+tion :*for* t,* Constitution >*n5, of t,is Court in Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab (1%%#! $ SCC G6% +n/ t,* Court ,*l/ t,+t t,* /*l*tion of t,* +--li5+tion of S*5tion #$H in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s, :3 S*5tion % of t,* +:o0* )*ntion*/ A)*n/)*nt A5t /o*s not off*n/ *it,*r Arti5l* 1#9 Arti5l* 1% or Arti5l* &1 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ +n/ t,* St+t* L*gisl+tur* is 5o)-*t*nt to /*l*t* t,+t s*5tion9 7,i5, is on* of t,* )+tt*rs *nu)*r+t*/ in t,* 5on5urr*nt list9 +n/ su5, + /*l*tion is 0+li/ un/*r Arti5l* &G#(&! of t,* Constitution of In/i+ 1# I noti5*9 t,*r*for*9 +s -*r t,* Constitution >*n5,9 +

5l+i) for -r*@+rr*st -rot*5tion is n*it,*r + st+tutor3 nor +

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rig,t gu+r+nt**/ un/*r Arti5l* 1#9 Arti5l* 1% or Arti5l* &1 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ All t,* s+)*9 in Karatar Sing,Is

5+s* (su-r+!9 t,is Court in su:@-+r+ (1"! of P+r+ $6H9 ,+s +lso st+t*/ +s follo7s8 A$6H 222 222 222

(1"! T,oug, it 5+nnot :* s+i/ t,+t t,* Hig, Court ,+s no 4uris/i5tion to *nt*rt+in +n +--li5+tion for :+il un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution +n/ -+ss or/*rs *it,*r 7+39 r*l+ting to t,* 5+s*s un/*r t,* A5t 1%H"9 t,+t -o7*r s,oul/ :* *2*r5is*/ s-+ringl39 t,+t too onl3 in r+r* +n/ +--ro-ri+t* 5+s*s in *2tr*)* 5ir5u)st+n5*s >ut t,* 4u/i5i+l /is5i-lin* +n/ 5o)it3 of 5ourts r*;uir* t,+t t,* Hig, Courts s,oul/ r*fr+in fro) *2*r5ising t,* *2tr+or/in+r3 4uris/i5tion in su5, )+tt*rs? 222 1G 222 222F

T,* Hig, Court of All+,+:+/ ,+s +lso t+1*n t,* s+)* R*f*r*n5* )+3 :* )+/* to t,*

0i*7 in s*0*r+l 4u/g)*nts

4u/g)*nts in Satya Pal v. State of U.P. (&''' Cri L J G6%!9 Ajeet Singh v. State of U.P. (&''" Cri L J 1"'!9 Lalji Yadav Other! v. State of U.P. Another (1%%H Cri L J Another (1%%"

&$66!9 Ka"le!h Singh v. State of U.P.

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Cri L J &"'G! +n/ #atho $al v. State of U.P. (1%%# Cri L J 1%1%! 16 D* ,+0*9 t,*r*for*9 no 5on5*-t of A+nti5i-+tor3 :+ilF +s

un/*rstoo/ in S*5tion #$H of t,* Co/* in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s, In Bal%hand &ain v. State of $.P. (1%"6! # SCC

G"&9 t,is Court o:s*r0*/ t,+t A+nti5i-+tor3 :+ilF is + )isno)*r >+il9 :3 its*lf9 5+nnot :* 5l+i)*/ +s + )+tt*r of

rig,t un/*r t,* Co/* of Cri)in+l Pro5*/ur*9 1%"$9 *25*-t for :+il+:l* off*n5*s (S*5tion #$6 Cr P C 9 1%"$! For non@

:+il+:l* off*n5*s9 5on/itions +r* -r*s5ri:*/ un/*r S*5tions #$" +n/ #$% Cr P C T,* /is5r*tion to gr+nt :+il in non@

:+il+:l* off*n5*s r*)+ins 7it, t,* Court +n/ ,*n5*9 it 5+nnot :* 5l+i)*/ +s + )+tt*r of rig,t9 :ut t,* +ggri*0*/ -+rt3 5+n onl3 s**1 + r*)*/3 +n/ it is on t,* /is5r*tion of t,* Court to gr+nt it or not In t,is 5onn*5tion r*f*r*n5* )+3 +lso :* )+/* to t,* Ju/g)*nt of t,* s*0*n@Ju/g* >*n5, of t,* All+,+:+/ Hig, Court in S"t. A"ara'ati and Or!. (. State of U.P. (&''G! Cri L J "GG9 7,*r*in t,* Court9 7,il* int*r-r*ting t,* -ro0isions of S*5tions #19 &(5! +n/ 1G"(1!

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CrPC +s 7*ll +s t,* s5o-* of S*5tions #$" +n/ #$%9 ,*l/ +s follo7s8 A#" In 0i*7 of t,* +:o0* 7* +ns7*r t,* ;u*stions r*f*rr*/ to t,* Full >*n5, +s follo7s8 (1! E0*n if 5ogniE+:l* off*n5* is /is5los*/9 in t,* FIR or 5o)-l+int t,* +rr*st of t,* +55us*/ is not + )ust9 r+t,*r t,* -oli5* offi5*r s,oul/ :* gui/*/ :3 t,* /*5ision of t,* Su-r*)* Court in Joginder Kumar v. State of U.P., 1%%# Cr LJ 1%H1 :*for* /*5i/ing 7,*t,*r to )+1* +n +rr*st or not (&! T,* Hig, Court s,oul/ or/in+ril3 not /ir*5t +n3 Su:or/in+t* Court to /*5i/* t,* :+il +--li5+tion t,* s+)* /+39 +s t,+t 7oul/ :* int*rf*ring 7it, t,* 4u/i5i+l /is5r*tion of t,* Court ,*+ring t,* :+il +--li5+tion Ho7*0*r9 +s st+t*/ +:o0*9 7,*n t,* :+il +--li5+tion is un/*r S*5tion #$" Cr P C or/in+ril3 t,* M+gistr+t* s,oul/ ,i)s*lf /*5i/* t,* :+il +--li5+tion t,* s+)* /+39 +n/ if ,* /*5i/*s in + r+r* +n/ *25*-tion+l 5+s* not to /*5i/* it on t,* s+)* /+39 ,* )ust r*5or/ ,is r*+sons in 7riting As r*g+r/s t,* +--li5+tion un/*r S*5tion #$% Cr P C it is in t,* /is5r*tion of t,* l*+rn*/ S*ssions Ju/g* 5onsi/*ring t,* f+5ts +n/ 5ir5u)st+n5*s 7,*t,*r to /*5i/* t,* :+il +--li5+tion t,* s+)* /+3 or not9 +n/ it is +lso in ,is /is5r*tion to gr+nt int*ri) :+il t,* s+)* /+3 su:4*5t to t,* fin+l /*5ision on t,* :+il +--li5+tion l+t*r T,* /*5ision in Dr. Vinod Narain v. State of UP is in5orr*5t +n/ is su:stitut*/ +55or/ingl3 :3 t,is 4u/g)*nt F

($!

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1"

T,is Court in Lal Ka"lendra Prata) Singh v. State

of Uttar Prade!h and Other! (&''%! # SCC #$"9 7,il* +ffir)ing t,* 4u/g)*nt in A"ara'ati (su-r+!9 ,*l/ +s follo7s8 A6 L*+rn*/ 5ouns*l for t,* +--*ll+nt +--r*,*n/s t,+t t,* +--*ll+nt 7ill :* +rr*st*/ +s t,*r* is no -ro0ision for +nti5i-+tor3 :+il in t,* St+t* of U P H* -l+5*/ r*li+n5* on + /*5ision of t,* All+,+:+/ Hig, Court in marawati 0 State of U.P. in 7,i5, + s*0*n@Ju/g* Full >*n5, of t,* All+,+:+/ Hig, Court ,*l/ t,+t t,* 5ourt9 if it /**)s fit in t,* f+5ts +n/ 5ir5u)st+n5*s of t,* 5+s*9 )+3 gr+nt int*ri) :+il -*n/ing fin+l /is-os+l of t,* :+il +--li5+tion T,* Full >*n5, +lso o:s*r0*/ t,+t +rr*st is not + )ust 7,*n*0*r +n FIR of + 5ogniE+:l* off*n5* is lo/g*/ T,* Full >*n5, -l+5*/ r*li+n5* on t,* /*5ision of t,is Court in Joginder Kumar 0 State of U.P. (1%%#! # SCC &6' " D* full3 +gr** 7it, t,* 0i*7 of t,* Hig, Court in marawati case +n/ 7* /ir*5t t,+t t,* s+i/ /*5ision :* follo7*/ :3 +ll 5ourts in U P in l*tt*r +n/ s-irit9 -+rti5ul+rl3 sin5* t,* -ro0ision for +nti5i-+tor3 :+il /o*s not *2ist in U P H In +--ro-ri+t* 5+s*s int*ri) :+il s,oul/ :* gr+nt*/ -*n/ing /is-os+l of t,* fin+l :+il +--li5+tion9 sin5* +rr*st +n/ /*t*ntion of + -*rson 5+n 5+us* irr*-+r+:l* loss to + -*rsonIs r*-ut+tion9 +s ,*l/ :3 t,is Court in Joginder Kumar case Also9 +rr*st is not + )ust in +ll 5+s*s of 5ogniE+:l* off*n5*s9 +n/ in /*5i/ing 7,*t,*r to

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+rr*st or not t,* -oli5* offi5*r )ust :* gui/*/ +n/ +5t +55or/ing to t,* -rin5i-l*s l+i/ /o7n in Joginder Kumar case F 1H L+t*r9 + t7o@Ju/g* >*n5, of t,is Court in So" $ittal v.

State of Karnata*a (&''H! $ SCC "G$9 7,il* /*+ling 7it, +n or/*r of t,* (+rn+t+1+ Hig, Court un/*r S*5tion #H& CrPC9 on* of t,* Ju/g*s )+/* so)* strong o:s*r0+tions +s 7*ll +s r*5o))*n/+tions to r*stor* S*5tion #$H in t,* St+t* of U P L*+rn*/ Ju/g*s 5onstituting t,* >*n5, +lso

*2-r*ss*/ 5ontr+r3 0i*7s on 5*rt+in l*g+l issu*s9 ,*n5*9 t,* )+tt*r 7+s l+t*r -l+5*/ :*for* + t,r**@Ju/g* >*n5,9 t,* 4u/g)*nt of 7,i5, is r*-ort*/ in s+)* 5+-tion (&''H! $ SCC G"#9 7,*r*in t,is Court o-in*/ t,+t insof+r +s t,*

o:s*r0+tions9 r*5o))*n/+tions +n/ /ir*5tions in -+r+s 1" to $% of t,* 5on5urr*nt 4u/g)*nt is 5on5*rn*/9 t,*3 /i/ not r*l+t* to t,* su:4*5t )+tt*r of t,* 5ri)in+l +--*+l +n/ t,* /ir*5tions gi0*n 7*r* ,*l/ to :* o:it*r +n/ 7*r* s*t +si/* 1% I noti5* in t,is 5+s* FIR 7+s lo/g*/ for off*n5*s9 un/*r

S*5tions #1% +n/ #&' IPC 7,i5, 5+rr3 + s*nt*n5* of )+2i)u) of t,r** 3*+rs +n/ s*0*n 3*+rs r*s-*5ti0*l3 7it,

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or 7it,out fin* +0+il+:l* in + >*n*fit of S*5tion #1(+! Cr P C )ust :* gi0*n 5+s*9 7,i5, -ro0i/*s t,+t +n

in0*stig+ting offi5*r s,+ll not +rr*st t,* +55us*/ of su5, off*n5*s in + routin* )+nn*r +n/ t,* +rr*st :* )+/*9 onl3 +ft*r follo7ing t,* r*stri5tions i)-os*/ un/*r S*5tion #1(:! T,* r*l*0+nt -ro0isions9 +s it st+n/s no7 r*+/s +s follo78 A41. When !"#$e %&' &((e)* +#*h!,* +&((&n*.- (1! An3 -oli5* offi5*r )+3 7it,out +n or/*r fro) + M+gistr+t* +n/ 7it,out + 7+rr+nt9 +rr*st +n3 -*rson J (+! 7,o 5o))its9 in t,* -r*s*n5* of + -oli5* offi5*r9 + 5ogniE+:l* off*n5*? (:! +g+inst 7,o) + r*+son+:l* 5o)-l+int ,+s :**n )+/*9 or 5r*/i:l* infor)+tion ,+s :**n r*5*i0*/9 or + r*+son+:l* sus-i5ion *2ists t,+t ,* ,+s 5o))itt*/ + 5ogniE+:l* off*n5* -unis,+:l* 7it, i)-rison)*nt for + t*r) 7,i5, )+3 :* l*ss t,+n s*0*n 3*+rs or 7,i5, )+3 *2t*n/ to s*0*n 3*+rs 7,*t,*r 7it, or 7it,out fin*9 if t,* follo7ing 5on/itions +r* s+tisfi*/9 n+)*l38@ (i! t,* -oli5* offi5*r ,+s r*+son to :*li*0* on t,* :+sis of su5, 5o)-l+int9 infor)+tion9 or sus-i5ion t,+t su5, -*rson ,+s 5o))itt*/ t,* s+i/ off*n5*? t,* -oli5* offi5*r is s+tisfi*/ t,+t su5, +rr*st is n*5*ss+r3 J

(ii!

Page 15

16

(+! to -r*0*nt su5, -*rson fro) 5o))itting +n3 furt,*r off*n5*? or (:! for -ro-*r in0*stig+tion of t,* off*n5*? or (5! to -r*0*nt su5, -*rson fro) 5+using t,* *0i/*n5* of t,* off*n5* to /is+--*+r or t+)-*ring 7it, su5, *0i/*n5* in +n3 )+nn*r9 or (/! to -r*0*nt su5, -*rson fro) )+1ing +n3 in/u5*)*nt9 t,r*+t or -ro)is* to +n3 -*rson +5;u+int*/ 7it, t,* f+5ts of t,* 5+s* so +s to /issu+/* ,i) fro) /is5losing su5, f+5ts to t,* Court or to t,* -oli5* offi5*r? or (*! +s unl*ss su5, -*rson is +rr*st*/9 ,is -r*s*n5* in t,* Court 7,*n*0*r r*;uir*/ 5+nnot :* *nsur*/9 +n/ t,* -oli5* offi5*r s,+ll r*5or/ 7,il* )+1ing su5, +rr*st9 ,is r*+sons in 7riting8 Pro0i/*/ t,+t + -oli5* offi5*r s,+ll9 in +ll 5+s*s 7,*r* t,* +rr*st of + -*rson is not r*;uir*/ un/*r t,* -ro0isions of t,is su:@ s*5tion? r*5or/ t,* r*+sons in 7riting for not )+1ing t,* +rr*st F &' A)*n/*/ -ro0isions )+1* it 5o)-ulsor3 for t,* -oli5*

to r*5or/ t,* r*+sons for )+1ing +rr*st +s 7*ll +s for not )+1ing +n +rr*st in r*s-*5t of + 5ogniE+:l* off*n5* for 7,i5, t,* )+2i)u) s*nt*n5* is u-to s*0*n 3*+rs R*f*r*n5* in

Page 16

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t,is 5onn*5tion )+3 +lso :* )+/* to S*5tion #1A ins*rt*/ 0i/* A5t G of &''% 7 * f '1 11 &'1'9 7,i5, r*+/s +s follo7s8 A41A. N!*#$e !. & e&(&n$e /e.!(e !"#$e !..#$e( J (1! T,* -oli5* offi5*r s,+ll9 in +ll 5+s*s 7,*r* t,* +rr*st of + -*rson is not r*;uir*/ un/*r t,* -ro0isions of su:@s*5tion (1! of s*5tion #19 issu* + noti5* /ir*5ting t,* -*rson +g+inst 7,o) + r*+son+:l* 5o)-l+int ,+s :**n )+/*9 or 5r*/i:l* infor)+tion ,+s :**n r*5*i0*/9 or + r*+son+:l* sus-i5ion *2ists t,+t ,* ,+s 5o))itt*/ + 5ogniE+:l* off*n5*9 to +--*+r :*for* ,i) or +t su5, ot,*r -l+5* +s )+3 :* s-*5ifi*/ in t,* noti5* (&! D,*r* su5, + noti5* is issu*/ to +n3 -*rson9 it s,+ll :* t,* /ut3 of t,+t -*rson to 5o)-l3 7it, t,* t*r)s of t,* noti5* ($! D,*r* su5, -*rson 5o)-li*s +n/ 5ontinu*s to 5o)-l3 7it, t,* noti5*9 ,* s,+ll not :* +rr*st*/ in r*s-*5t of t,* off*n5* r*f*rr*/ to in t,* noti5* unl*ss9 for r*+sons to :* r*5or/*/9 t,* -oli5* offi5*r is of t,* o-inion t,+t ,* oug,t to :* +rr*st*/ (#! D,*r* su5, -*rson9 +t +n3 ti)*9 f+ils to 5o)-l3 7it, t,* t*r)s of t,* noti5* or is un7illing to i/*ntif3 ,i)s*lf9 t,* -oli5* offi5*r )+39 su:4*5t to su5, or/*rs +s )+3 ,+0* :**n -+ss*/ :3 + 5o)-*t*nt Court in t,is :*,+lf9 +rr*st ,i) for t,* off*n5* )*ntion*/ in t,* noti5* F &1 A:o0* )*ntion*/ -ro0isions )+1* it 5o)-ulsor3 for t,*

-oli5* to issu* + noti5* in +ll su5, 5+s*s 7,*r* +rr*st is not r*;uir*/ to :* )+/* un/*r Cl+us* (:! of su:@s*5tion (1! of

Page 17

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t,* +)*n/*/ S*5tion #1 >ut9 +ll t,* s+)*9 un7illingn*ss of

+ -*rson 7,o ,+s not :**n +rr*st*/ to i/*ntif3 ,i)s*lf +n/ to 7,o) + noti5* ,+s :**n issu*/ un/*r S*5tion #1A9 5oul/ :* + groun/ for ,is +rr*st L*gisl+tion ,+s l+i/ /o7n 0+rious

-+r+)*t*rs9 7+rr+nting +rr*st of + -*rson9 7,i5, its*lf is + 5,*51 on +r:itr+r3 or un7+rr+nt*/ +rr*st +n/ t,* rig,t to -*rson+l li:*rt3 gu+r+nt**/ un/*r Arti5l* &1 of t,*

Constitution of In/i+ && I )+39 ,o7*0*r9 -oint out t,+t t,*r* is un+ni)it3 in t,*

0i*7 t,+t in s-it* of t,* f+5t t,+t S*5tion #$H ,+s :**n s-*5ifi5+ll3 o)itt*/ +n/ )+/* in+--li5+:l* in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s,9 still + -+rt3 +ggri*0*/ 5+n in0o1* t,* 4uris/i5tion of t,* Hig, Court un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+9 :*ing *2tr+or/in+r3 4uris/i5tion +n/ t,* 0+stn*ss of t,* -o7*rs n+tur+ll3 i)-os* 5onsi/*r+:l* r*s-onsi:ilit3 in its +--li5+tion All t,* s+)*9 t,* Hig, Court

,+s got t,* -o7*r +n/ so)*ti)*s /ut3 in +--ro-ri+t* 5+s*s to gr+nt r*li*fs9 t,oug, it is not -ossi:l* to -in@-oint 7,+t +r* t,* +--ro-ri+t* 5+s*s9 7,i5, ,+0* to :* l*ft to t,*

Page 18

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7is/o) of t,* Court *2*r5ising -o7*rs un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ &$ I +) +lso f+5*/ 7it, t,* situ+tion t,+t on /is)iss+l of

t,* 7rit :3 t,* Hig, Court un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+9 7,il* *2+)ining t,* 5,+ll*ng* for ;u+s,ing t,* FIR or + 5,+rg*@s,**t9 7,*t,*r t,* Hig, Court 5oul/ gr+nt furt,*r r*li*f +g+inst +rr*st for + s-*5ifi5 -*rio/ or till t,* 5o)-l*tion of t,* tri+l T,is Court in State of

Ori!!a v. $adan +o)al Rungta r*-ort*/ in AIR 1%G& SC 1&9 7,il* /*+ling 7it, t,* s5o-* of Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution9 ,*l/ +s follo7s 8@ AArti5l* &&6 5+nnot :* us*/ for t,* -ur-os* of gi0ing int*ri) r*li*f +s t,* onl3 +n/ fin+l r*li*f on t,* +--li5+tion T,* /ir*5tions ,+/ :**n gi0*n ,*r* onl3 to 5ir5u)0*nt t,* -ro0isions of S*5tion H' of t,* Ci0il Pro5*/ur* Co/*9 +n/ t,+t 7+s not 7it,in t,* s5o-* of Arti5l* &&6 An int*ri) r*li*f 5+n :* gr+nt*/ onl3 in +i/ of +n/ +s +n5ill+r3 to t,* )+in r*li*f 7,i5, )+3 :* +0+il+:l* to t,* -+rt3 on fin+l /*t*r)in+tion of ,is rig,ts in + suit or -ro5**/ing If t,* Court 7+s of o-inion t,+t t,*r* 7+s no ot,*r 5on0*ni*nt or +/*;u+t* r*)*/3 o-*n to t,* -*tition*rs9 it )ig,t ,+0* -ro5**/*/ to in0*stig+t* t,* 5+s* on its )*rits +n/ 5o)* to + /*5ision +s to 7,*t,*r t,* -*tition*rs su55**/*/ in *st+:lis,ing t,+t t,*r* 7+s +n infring*)*nt of +n3 of t,*ir l*g+l rig,ts

Page 19

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7,i5, *ntitl*/ t,*) to + 7rit of mandamus or +n3 ot,*r /ir*5tions of + li1* n+tur*? +n/ -*n/ing su5, /*t*r)in+tion it )ig,t ,+0* )+/* + suit+:l* int*ri) or/*r for )+int+ining t,* status !uo ante >ut 7,*n t,* Court /*5lin*/ to /*5i/* on t,* rig,ts of t,* -+rti*s +n/ *2-r*ssl3 ,*l/ t,+t t,*3 s,oul/ :* in0*stig+t*/ )or* -ro-*rl3 in + 5i0il suit9 it 5oul/ not9 for t,* -ur-os* of f+5ilit+ting t,* institution of su5, suit9 issu* /ir*5tions in t,* n+tur* of t*)-or+r3 in4un5tions9 un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution T,* l+ngu+g* of Arti5l* &&6 /o*s not -*r)it su5, +n +5tion F &# T,* l+ngu+g* of Arti5l* &&6 /o*s not -*r)it su5, +n

+5tion +n/ on5* t,* Court fin/s no )*rits in t,* 5,+ll*ng*9 7rit -*tition 7ill ,+0* to :* /is)iss*/ +n/ t,* ;u*stion of gr+nting furt,*r r*li*f +ft*r /is)iss+l of t,* 7rit9 /o*s not +ris* Cons*;u*ntl39 on5* + 7rit is /is)iss*/9 +ll t,* int*ri)

r*li*fs gr+nt*/ 7oul/ +lso go &G T,is Court ,+s +lr*+/3 -+ss*/ +n int*ri) or/*r on

1 $ &'1$ gr+nting :+il to t,* +--*ll+nt on 5*rt+in 5on/itions T,* s+i/ or/*r 7ill 5ontinu* till t,* 5o)-l*tion of t,* tri+l Ho7*0*r9 if t,* +--*ll+nt is not 5o@o-*r+ting 7it, t,* in0*stig+tion9 t,* St+t* 5+n +l7+3s )o0* for 0+5+ting t,* or/*r T,* +--*+l is +55or/ingl3 /is)iss*/ +s +:o0*

Page 20

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KKKKKKKKKKK J (( S R+/,+1ris,n+n! N*7 D*l,i9 J+nu+r3 169 &'1#

Page 21

&&
[REPORTA>LEL IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO 1#6<&'1# (+rising out of S-*5i+l L*+0* P*tition (Crl ! No "#$%<&'1$! () H*)+ Mis,r+ .s St+t* of U P C Ors K R*s-on/*nts K A--*ll+nt

JUDGMENT A.K.SIKRI,J. 1 I ,+0* 5+r*full3 gon* t,roug, t,* 4u/g)*nt +ut,or*/ :3 )3 I *ntir*l3 +gr** 7it,

*st**)*/ :rot,*r9 Justi5* R+/,+1ris,n+n

t,* 5on5lusions +rri0*/ +t :3 )3 l*+rn*/ :rot,*r in t,* s+i/ 4u/g)*nt At t,* s+)* ti)*9 I 7oul/ +lso li1* to )+1* so)*

o:s*r0+tions -*rt+ining to t,* -o7*rs of Hig, Court un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ to gr+nt r*li*f +g+inst -r*@+rr*st (5o))onl3 5+ll*/ +s +nti5i-+tor3 :+il!9 *0*n 7,*n S*5tion #$H9Cr P C +ut,oriEing t,* Court to gr+nt su5, + r*li*f is

s-*5ifi5+ll3 o)itt*/ +n/ )+/* in+--li5+:l* in so f+r +s St+t* of

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Utt+r Pr+/*s, is 5on5*rn*/ I 7oul/ li1* to st+rt 7it, r*-ro/u5ing

t,* follo7ing o:s*r0+tions in t,* o-inion of )3 :rot,*r9 on t,is +s-*5t 7,i5, +r* 5ont+in*/ in -+r+gr+-, &1 of t,* 4u/g)*nt r*+/s +s un/*r8 AD* )+39 ,o7*0*r9 -oint out t,+t t,*r* is un+ni)it3 in t,* 0i*7 t,+t in s-it* of t,* f+5t t,+t S*5tion #$H ,+s :**n s-*5ifi5+ll3 o)itt*/ +n/ )+/* in+--li5+:l* in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s,9 still + -+rt3 +ggri*0*/ 5+n in0o1* t,* 4uris/i5tion of t,* Hig, Court un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+9 :*ing *2tr+or/in+r3 4uris/i5tion +n/ t,* 0+stn*ss of t,* -o7*rs n+tur+ll3 i)-os* 5onsi/*r+:l* r*s-onsi:ilit3 in its +--li5+tion All t,* s+)*9 t,* Hig, Court ,+s got t,* -o7*r +n/ so)*ti)*s /ut3 in +--ro-ri+t* 5+s*s to gr+nt r*li*fs9 t,oug, it is not -ossi:l* to -in@-oint 7,+t +r* t,* +--ro-ri+t* 5+s*s9 7,i5, 7* ,+0* to l*+0* to t,* 7is/o) of t,* Court *2*r5ising -o7*rs un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ F It

&

Anot,*r +s-*5t 7,i5, is ,ig,lig,t*/ in t,* 4u/g)*nt

r*n/*r*/ :3 Justi5* R+/,+1ris,n+n is t,+t )+n3 ti)*s in t,* Drit P*tition fil*/ un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ s**1ing ;u+s,ing of t,* FIR or t,* 5,+rg*@s,**t9 t,* -*tition*rs -r+3 for int*ri) r*li*f +g+inst +rr*st D,il* *nt*rt+ining t,* Drit P*tition

t,* Hig, Court in0+ri+:l3 gr+nts su5, +n int*ri) r*li*f It is rig,tl3

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-oint*/ out t,+t on5* t,* Drit P*tition 5l+i)ing )+in r*li*f for ;u+s,ing of FIR or t,* 5,+rg*@s,**t its*lf is /is)iss*/9 t,* ;u*stion of gr+nting furt,*r r*li*f +ft*r /is)iss+l of t,* Drit P*tition9 /o*s not +ris* It is so *2-l+in*/ in -+r+ && +n/ &$ of t,* 4u/g)*nt of )3 l*+rn*/ :rot,*r $ I 7oul/ li1* to r*)+r1 t,+t in t,* +:s*n5* of +n3 -ro0isions

li1* S*5tion #$H of Cr P C +--li5+:l* in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s,9 t,*r* is + t*n/*n53 on t,* -+rt of t,* +55us*/ -*rsons9 +g+inst 7,o) FIR is lo/g*/ +n/<or 5,+rg*@s,**t is fil*/ in t,* Court to fil* Drit P*tition for ;u+s,ing of t,os* -ro5**/ings so t,+t t,*3 +r* +:l* to g*t -rot*5tion +g+inst t,* +rr*st in t,* int*rr*gnu) 7,i5, is t,* -ri)+r3 )oti0* for filing su5, -*titions It is for t,is r*+son

t,+t in0+ri+:l3 +ft*r t,* lo/ging of FIR9 Drit P*tition un/*r Arti5l* &&6 is fil*/ 7it, )+in -r+3*r to ;u+s, t,os* -ro5**/ings +n/ to 5l+i) int*ri) r*li*f +g+inst -r*@+rr*st in t,* )*+nti)* or till t,* 5o)-l*tion of t,* tri+l Ho7*0*r9 t,* 5onsi/*r+tions 7,i5, ,+0*

to 7*ig, 7it, t,* Hig, Court to /*5i/* +s to 7,*t,*r su5, -ro5**/ings +r* to :* ;u+s,*/ or not +r* *ntir*l3 /iff*r*nt t,+n t,+t of gr+nting int*ri) -rot*5tion +g+inst t,* +rr*st Sin5* t,*

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groun/s on 7,i5, su5, +n FIR or 5,+rg* s,**t 5+n :* ;u+s,*/ +r* li)it*/9 on5* t,* Drit P*tition 5,+ll*nging t,* 0+li/it3 of FIR or 5,+rg*@s,**t is /is)iss*/9 t,* gr+nt of r*li*f9 in5i/*nt+l in n+tur*9 +g+inst +rr*st 7oul/ o:0iousl3 not +ris*9 *0*n 7,*n + 4ustifi+:l* 5+s* for gr+nt of +nti5i-+tor3 :+il is )+/* out # It is for t,is r*+son9 7* +r* of t,* o-inion t,+t in +--ro-ri+t*

5+s*s t,* Hig, Court is *)-o7*r*/ to *nt*rt+in t,* -*tition un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution of In/i+ 7,*r* t,* )+in r*li*f its*lf is +g+inst +rr*st O:0iousl39 7,*n -ro0isions of S*5tion #$H of

Cr P C +r* not +0+il+:l* to t,* +55us*/ -*rsons in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s,9 un/*r t,* nor)+l 5ir5u)st+n5*s su5, +n +55us*/ -*rsons 7oul/ not :* *ntitl*/ to 5l+i) su5, + r*li*f un/*r Art &&6 of t,* Constitution It 5+nnot :* 5on0*rt*/ into + s*5on/ 7in/o7 for t,* r*li*f 7,i5, is 5ons5iousl3 /*ni*/ st+tutoril3 )+1ing it + 5+s* of 5+sus o)issus At t,* s+)* ti)*9 +s rig,tl3 o:s*r0*/ in -+r+ &1 *2tr+5t*/ +:o0*9 t,* Hig, Court 5+nnot :* 5o)-l*t*l3 /*nu/*/ of its -o7*rs un/*r Arti5l* &&6 of t,* Constitution9 to gr+nt su5, + r*li*f in +--ro-ri+t* +n/ /*s*r0ing 5+s*s? +l:*it t,is -o7*r is to :* *2*r5is*/ 7it, *2tr*)* 5+ution +n/ s-+ringl3 in

Page 25

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t,os* 5+s*s 7,*r* +rr*st of + -*rson 7oul/ l*+/ to tot+l )is5+rri+g* of 4usti5* T,*r* )+3 :* 5+s*s 7,*r* -r*@+rr*st )+3

:* *ntir*l3 un7+rr+nt*/ +n/ l*+/ to /is+strous 5ons*;u*n5*s D,*n*0*r t,* Hig, Court is 5on0in5*/ of su5, + situ+tion9 it

7oul/ :* +--ro-ri+t* to gr+nt t,* r*li*f +g+inst -r*@+rr*st in su5, 5+s*s D,+t 7oul/ :* t,os* 5+s*s 7ill ,+0* to :* l*ft to t,* D,+t is *)-,+siE*/ is t,+t t,* Hig,

7is/o) of t,* Hig, Court

Court is not :*r*ft of its -o7*rs to gr+nt t,is r*li*f un/*r Art &&6 of t,* Constitution A >*n5, of t,is Court9 ,*+/*/ :3 t,* t,*n C,i*f Justi5* M . C,+n/r+5,u/9 l+i/ /o7n first -rin5i-l*s of gr+nting +nti5i-+tor3 :+il in t,* Bur:+1s, Sing, 0 St+t* of Pun4+: 1%H' Crl L J #1" (PCH!9 r**)-,+siEing t,+t li:*rt3K @ NA -*rson 7,o ,+s 3*t to los* ,is fr**/o) :3 :*ing +rr*st*/ +s1s for fr**/o) in t,* *0*nt of +rr*st T,+t is t,* st+g* +t 7,i5, it is i)-*r+ti0* to -rot*5t ,is fr**/o)9 in so f+r +s on* )+39 +n/ to gi0* full -l+3 to t,* -r*su)-tion t,+t ,* is inno5*nt

In Jogin/*r (u)+r 0 St+t* of U P +n/ Ot,*rs9 1%%# Cr L J

1%H19 t,* Su-r*)* Court o:s*r0*/8 ANo +rr*st 5+n :* )+/* :*5+us* it is l+7ful for t,* -oli5* offi5*r to /o so T,* *2ist*n5* of t,* -o7*r to +rr*st is on* t,ing T,* 4ustifi5+tion for t,*

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*2*r5is* of it is ;uit* +not,*r T,* -oli5* offi5*r )ust :* +:l* to 4ustif3 t,* +rr*st +-+rt fro) ,is -o7*r to /o so Arr*st +n/ /*t*ntion in -oli5* lo51@ u- of + -*rson 5+n 5+us* in5+l5ul+:l* ,+r) to t,* r*-ut+tion +n/ s*lf *st**) of + -*rson No +rr*st 5+n :* )+/* in + routin* )+nn*r on + )*r* +ll*g+tion of 5o))ission of +n off*n5* )+/* +g+inst + -*rson It 7oul/ :* -ru/*nt for + -oli5* offi5*r in t,* int*r*st of -rot*5tion of t,* 5onstitution+l rig,ts of + 5itiE*n +n/ -*r,+-s in ,is o7n int*r*st t,+t no +rr*st s,oul/ :* )+/* 7it,out + r*+son+:l* s+tisf+5tion r*+5,*/ +ft*r so)* in0*stig+tion +s to t,* g*nuin*n*ss of + 5o)-l+int +n/ + r*+son+:l* :*li*f :ot, +s to t,* -*rsonIs 5o)-li5it3 +n/ *0*n so +s to t,* n**/ to *ff*5t +rr*st F

It is -*rtin*nt to *2-l+in t,*r* )+3 :* i))in*nt n**/ to

gr+nt -rot*5tion +g+inst -r*@+rr*st T,* o:4*5t of t,is -ro0ision is to r*li*0* + -*rson fro) :*ing /isgr+5*/ :3 tru)-*/ u- 5,+rg*s so t,+t li:*rt3 of t,* su:4*5t is not -ut in 4*o-+r/3 on fri0olous groun/s +t t,* inst+n5* of t,* uns5ru-ulous or irr*s-onsi:l* -*rsons 7,o )+3 :* in 5,+rg* of t,* -ros*5ution An or/*r of

+nti5i-+tor3 :+il /o*s not in +n3 7+39 /ir*5tl3 or in/ir*5tl3? t+1* +7+3 for t,* -oli5* t,*ir rig,t to in0*stig+t* into 5,+rg*s )+/* or to :* )+/* +g+inst t,* -*rson r*l*+s*/ on :+il

Page 27

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" T,* -ur-os*s for 7,i5, t,* -ro0isions of +nti5i-+tor3 :+il +r*

)+/* +r* ;uit* o:0ious On* of t,* -ur-os*s of t,* +rr*st is t,+t t,* +55us*/ s,oul/ :* +0+il+:l* to t,* in0*stig+ting )+5,in*r3 for furt,*r in0*stig+tion +n/ ;u*stioning 7,*n*0*r ,* is r*;uir*/ Anot,*r -ur-os* is t,+t t,* tri+l s,oul/ not :* 4*o-+r/iE*/ +n/ for t,is -ur-os* t,* r*stri5tions on t,* )o0*)*nts of t,* +55us*/ +r* n*5*ss+r3 T,* g*nuin*n*ss of t,* +ll*g*/ n**/ for -oli5*

5usto/3 ,+s to :* *2+)in*/ +n/ it )ust :* :+l+n5*/ +g+inst t,* /ut3 of 5ourts to u-,ol/ t,* /ignit3 of *0*r3 )+n +n/ to 0igil+ntl3 gu+r/ t,* rig,t to li:*rt3 7it,out 4*o-+r/iEing t,* st+t* o:4*5ti0* of )+int*n+n5* of l+7 +n/ or/*r H I 7oul/ +lso li1* to r*-ro/u5* 5*rt+in -+r+gr+-,s fro)

K&(*&( S#n0h &n1 O(). 2. S*&*e !. P,n3&/ (1%%#! $ SCC G6%9 7,*r*in Justi5* ( R+)+s7+)39 s-*+1ing for t,* Court9 /is5uss*/ t,* i)-ort+n5* of lif* +n/ li:*rt3 in t,* follo7ing 7or/s AT,* foun/+tion of In/i+n -oliti5+l +n/ so5i+l /*)o5r+539 +s *n0ision*/ in t,* -r*+):l* of t,* Constitution9 r*sts on 4usti5*9 *;u+lit39 li:*rt3 +n/ fr+t*rnit3 in s*5ul+r +n/ so5i+list r*-u:li5 in 7,i5, *0*r3 in/i0i/u+l ,+s *;u+l o--ortunit3 to stri0* to7+r/s *25*ll*n5* +n/ of ,is /ignit3 of -*rson in +n int*gr+t*/ *g+lit+ri+n >,+r+t Rig,t to 4usti5* +n/ *;u+lit3 +n/ st+t*/ li:*rti*s 7,i5, in5lu/*

Page 28

&%
fr**/o) of *2-r*ssion9 :*li*f +n/ )o0*)*nt +r* t,* )*+ns for *25*ll*n5* T,* rig,t to lif* 7it, ,u)+n /ignit3 of -*rson is + fun/+)*nt+l rig,t of *0*r3 5itiE*n for -ursuit of ,+--in*ss +n/ *25*ll*n5* P*rson+l fr**/o) is + :+si5 5on/ition for full /*0*lo-)*nt of ,u)+n -*rson+lit3 Art &1 of t,* Constitution -rot*5ts rig,t to lif* 7,i5, is t,* )ost -r*5ious rig,t in + 5i0iliE*/ so5i*t3 T,* trinit3 i * li:*rt39 *;u+lit3 +n/ fr+t*rnit3 +l7+3s :losso)s +n/ *nli0*ns t,* flo7*r of ,u)+n /ignit3 On* of t,* gifts of /*)o5r+53 to )+n1in/ is t,* rig,t to -*rson+l li:*rt3 Lif* +n/ -*rson+l fr**/o) +r* t,* -riE*/ 4*7*ls un/*r Art 1% 5on4ointl3 +ssur*/ :3 Art &'($!9 &1 +n/ && of t,* Constitution +n/ Art 1% *nsur*s fr**/o) of )o0*)*nt Li:*rt3 +i)s +t fr**/o) not onl3 fro) +r:itr+r3 r*str+int :ut +lso to s*5ur* su5, 5on/itions 7,i5, +r* *ss*nti+l for t,* full /*0*lo-)*nt of ,u)+n -*rson+lit3 Li:*rt3 is t,* *ss*nti+l 5on5o)it+nt for ot,*r rig,ts 7it,out 7,i5, + )+n 5+nnot :* +t ,is :*st T,* *ss*n5* of +ll 5i0il li:*rti*s is to 1**- +li0* t,* fr**/o) of t,* in/i0i/u+l su:4*5t to t,* li)it+tions of so5i+l 5ontrol *n0is+g*/ in /i0*rs* +rti5l*s in t,* 5,+-t*r of Fun/+)*nt+l Rig,ts P+rt III in ,+r)on3 7it, so5i+l goo/ *n0is+g*/ in t,* Dir*5ti0* Prin5i-l*s in P+rt I. of t,* Constitution Fr**/o) 5+nnot l+st long unl*ss it is 5ou-l*/ 7it, or/*r Fr**/o) 5+n n*0*r *2ist 7it,out or/*r Fr**/o) +n/ or/*r )+3 5o*2ist It is *ss*nti+l t,+t fr**/o) s,oul/ :* *2*r5is*/ un/*r +ut,orit3 +n/ or/*r s,oul/ :* *nfor5*/ :3 +ut,orit3 7,i5, is 0*st*/ sol*l3 in t,* *2*5uti0* Fun/+)*nt+l rig,ts +r* t,* )*+ns +n/ /ir*5ti0* -rin5i-l*s +r* *ss*nti+l *n/s in + 7*lf+r* St+t* T,* *0olution of t,* St+t* fro) -oli5* St+t* to + 7*lf+r* St+t* is t,* ulti)+t* )*+sur* +n/ +55*-t*/ st+n/+r/ of /*)o5r+ti5 so5i*t3 7,i5, is +n +0o7*/ 5onstitution+l )+n/+t* T,oug, on* of t,* )+in fun5tions of t,* /*)o5r+ti5 Bo0*rn)*nt

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is to s+f*gu+r/ li:*rt3 of t,* in/i0i/u+l9 unl*ss its *2*r5is* is su:4*5t to so5i+l 5ontrol9 it :*5o)*s +nti@so5i+l or un/*r)in*s t,* s*5urit3 of t,* St+t* T,* In/i+n /*)o5r+53 7*//*/ to rul* of l+7 +i)s not onl3 to -rot*5t t,* fun/+)*nt+l rig,ts of its 5itiE*ns :ut +lso to *st+:lis, +n *g+lit+ri+n so5i+l or/*r T,* in/i0i/u+l ,+s to gro7 7it,in t,* so5i+l 5onfin*s -r*0*nting ,is unso5i+l or un:ri/l*/ gro7t, 7,i5, 5oul/ :* /on* :3 r*5on5iling in/i0i/u+l li:*rt3 7it, so5i+l 5ontrol Li:*rt3 )ust :* 5ontroll*/ in t,* int*r*st of t,* so5i*t3 :ut t,* so5i+l int*r*st )ust n*0*r :* o0*r:*+ring to 4ustif3 tot+l /*-ri0+tion of in/i0i/u+l li:*rt3 Li:*rt3 5+nnot st+n/ +lon* :ut )ust :* -+ir*/ 7it, + 5o)-+nion 0irtu*? li:*rt3 +n/ )or+lit3? li:*rt3 +n/ l+7? li:*rt3 +n/ 4usti5*? li:*rt3 +n/ 5o))on goo/? li:*rt3 +n/ r*s-onsi:ilit3 7,i5, +r* 5on5o)it+nts for or/*rl3 -rogr*ss +n/ so5i+l st+:ilit3 M+n :*ing + r+tion+l in/i0i/u+l ,+s to lif* in ,+r)on3 7it, *;u+l rig,ts of ot,*rs +n/ )or* /iff*r*ntl3 for t,* +tt+in)*nt of +ntit,*ti5 /*sir*s T,is int*rt7in*/ n*t7or1 is /iffi5ult to /*lin*+t* 7it,in /*fin*/ s-,*r*s of 5on/u5t 7it,in 7,i5, fr**/o) of +5tion )+3 :* 5onfin*/ T,*r*for*9 li:*rt3 7oul/ not +l7+3s :* +n +:solut* li5*ns* :ut )ust +r) its*lf 7it,in t,* 5onfin*s of l+7 In ot,*r 7or/s9 ,*r* 5+n :* no li:*rt3 7it,out so5i+l r*str+int Li:*rt39 t,*r*for*9 +s + so5i+l 5on5*-tion is + rig,t to :* +ssur*/ to +ll )*):*rs of + so5i*t3 Unl*ss r*str+int is *nfor5*/ on +n/ +55*-t*/ :3 +ll )*):*rs of t,* so5i*t39 t,* li:*rt3 of so)* )ust in0ol0* t,* o--r*ssion of ot,*rs If li:*rt3 :* r*g+r/*/ + so5i+l or/*r9 t,* -ro:l*) of *st+:lis,ing li:*rt3 )ust :* + -ro:l*) of org+niEing r*str+int 7,i5, so5i*t3 5ontrols o0*r t,* in/i0i/u+l T,*r*for*9 li:*rt3 of *+5, 5itiE*n is :orn* of +n/ )ust :* su:or/in+t*/ to t,* li:*rt3 of t,* gr*+t*st nu):*r9 in ot,*r 7or/s 5o))on ,+--in*ss +s +n *n/ of t,* so5i*t39 l*st

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l+7l*ssn*ss +n/ +n+r5,3 7ill t+)-*r so5i+l 7*+l +n/ ,+r)on3 +n/ -o7*rful 5ours*s or for5*s 7oul/ :* +t 7or1 to un/*r)in* so5i+l 7*lf+r* +n/ or/*r T,us t,* *ss*n5* of 5i0il li:*rt3 is to 1**+li0* t,* fr**/o) of t,* in/i0i/u+l su:4*5t to t,* li)it+tion of so5i+l 5ontrol 7,i5, 5oul/ :* +/4ust*/ +55or/ing to t,* n**/s of t,* /3n+)i5 so5i+l *0olution T,* )o/*) so5i+l *0olution is t,* gro7ing n**/ to 1**- in/i0i/u+l to :* +s fr** +s -ossi:l*9 5onsist*nt 7it, ,is 5orr*l+ti0* o:lig+tion to t,* so5i*t3 A55or/ing to Dr A):*/1+r in ,is 5losing s-**5, in t,* Constitu*nt Ass*):l39 t,* -rin5i-l*s of li:*rt39 *;u+lit3 +n/ fr+t*rnit3 +r* not to :* tr*+t*/ +s s*-+r+t* *ntiti*s :ut in + trinit3 T,*3 for) t,* union or trinit3 in t,* s*ns* t,+t to /i0or5* on* fro) t,* ot,*r is to /*f*+t t,* 0*r3 -ur-os* of /*)o5r+53 Li:*rt3 5+nnot :* /i0or5*/ fro) *;u+lit3 E;u+lit3 5+nnot :* /i0or5*/ fro) li:*rt3 Nor 5+n *;u+lit3 +n/ li:*rt3 :* /i0or5*/ fro) fr+t*rnit3 Dit,out *;u+lit39 li:*rt3 7oul/ -ro/u5* su-r*)+53 of l+7 E;u+lit3 7it,out li:*rt3 7oul/ 1ill in/i0i/u+l initi+ti0* Dit,out fr+t*rnit39 li:*rt3 +n/ *;u+lit3 7oul/ not :*5o)* + n+tur+l 5ours* of t,ings Courts9 +s s*ntin*l on t,* ;ui 0i0*9 t,*r*for*9 )ust stri1* + :+l+n5* :*t7**n t,* 5,+nging n**/s of t,* so5i*t3 for -*+5*ful tr+nsfor)+tion 7it, or/*rs +n/ -rot*5tion of t,* rig,ts of t,* 5itiE*n (P+r+ $"#!

It 7+s +lso ,*l/ in t,+t 4u/g)*nt t,+t t,* Hig, Courts un/*r

Art &&6 ,+/ t,* rig,t to *nt*rt+in 7rit -*titions for ;u+s,ing of FIR +n/ gr+nting of int*ri) -rot*5tion fro) +rr*st T,is -osition9 in

Page 31

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t,* 5ont*2t of 5ontours of Art &&69 is st+t*/ +s follo7s in t,* s+)* 4u/g)*nt8 AFro) t,is s5*n+rio9 t,* ;u*stion *)*rg*s 7,*t,*r t,* Hig, Court un/*r Art &&6 7oul/ :* rig,t in *nt*rt+ining -ro5**/ings to ;u+s, t,* 5,+rg*@s,**t or to gr+nt :+il to + -*rson +55us*/ of +n off*n5* un/*r t,* A5t or ot,*r off*n5*s 5o))itt*/ /uring t,* 5ours* of t,* s+)* tr+ns+5tion *25lusi0*l3 tri+:l* :3 t,* D*sign+t*/ Court Not,ing is )or* stri1ing t,+n t,* f+ilur* of l+7 to *0ol0* + 5onsist*nt 4uris/i5tion+l /o5trin* or *0*n *l*)*nt+r3 -rin5i-l*s9 if it is su:4*5t to 5onfli5ting or in5on5*i0+:l* or in5onsist*nt r*sult 7,i5, l*+/ to un5*rt+int39 in5ongruit3 +n/ /is:*li*f in t,* *ffi5+53 of l+7 T,* 4uris/i5tion +n/ -o7*r of t,* Hig, Court un/*r Art &&6 of t,* Constitution is un/ou:t*/l3 5onstitu*nt -o7*r +n/ t,* Hig, Court ,+s untr+))*l*/ -o7*rs +n/ 4uris/i5tion to issu* +n3 7rit or or/*r or /ir*5tion to +n3 -*rson or +ut,orit3 7it,in its t*rritori+l 4uris/i5tion for *nfor5*)*nt of +n3 of t,* fun/+)*nt+l rig,ts or for +n3 ot,*r -ur-os* T,* l*gisl+tur* ,+s no -o7*r to /i0*st t,* 5ourt of t,* 5onstitu*nt -o7*r *ngr+ft*/ un/*r Art &&6 A su-*rior 5ourt is /**)*/ to ,+0* g*n*r+l 4uris/i5tion +n/ t,* l+7 -r*su)*s t,+t t,* 5ourt ,+s +5t*/ 7it,in its 4uris/i5tion T,is -r*su)-tion is /*ni*/ to t,* inf*rior 5ourts T,* 4u/g)*nt of + su-*rior 5ourt unr*s*r0*/l3 is 5on5lusi0* +s to +ll r*l*0+nt )+tt*rs t,*r*:3 /*5i/*/9 7,il* t,* 4u/g)*nt of t,* inf*rior 5ourt in0ol0ing + ;u*stion of 4uris/i5tion is not fin+l T,* su-*rior 5ourt9 t,*r*for*9 ,+s 4uris/i5tion to /*t*r)in* its o7n 4uris/i5tion9 )+3 :*

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rig,tl3 or 7rongl3 T,*r*for*9 t,* 5ourt in +n +--ro-ri+t* -ro5**/ing )+3 *rron*ousl3 *2*r5is* 4uris/i5tion It /o*s not 5onstitut* 7+nt of 4uris/i5tion9 :ut it i)-ing*s u-on its -ro-ri*t3 in t,* *2*r5is* of t,* 4uris/i5tion D+nt of 4uris/i5tion 5+n :* *st+:lis,*/ sol*l3 :3 + su-*rior 5ourt +n/ t,+t in -r+5ti5* no /*5ision 5+n :* i)-*+5,*/ 5oll+t*r+ll3 :3 +n inf*rior 5ourt Ho7*0*r9 +5ts /on* :3 + su-*rior 5ourt +r* +l7+3s /**)*/ 0+li/ 7,*r*0*r t,*3 +r* r*li*/ u-on T,* *25lusion t,*r*of fro) t,* rul* of 0+li/it3 is in/is-*ns+:l* in its fin+lit3 T,* su-*rior 5ourts9 t,*r*for*9 +r* t,* fin+l +r:it*rs of t,* 0+li/it3 of t,* +5ts /on* not onl3 :3 ot,*r inf*rior 5ourts or +ut,oriti*s9 :ut +lso t,*ir o7n /*5isions T,oug, t,*3 +r* i))un* fro) 5oll+t*r+l +tt+519 :ut to +0oi/ 5onfusion t,* su-*rior 5ourtIs /*5isions l+3 /o7n t,* rul*s of 0+li/it3? +r* not go0*rn*/ :3 t,os* rul*s T,* 0+li/ /*5ision is not onl3 5on5lusi0*9 it )+3 +ff*5t9 :ut it is +lso 5on5lusi0* in -ro5**/ings 7,*r* it is soug,t to :* 5oll+t*r+ll3 i)-*+5,*/ Ho7*0*r9 t,* t*r) 5on5lusi0*n*ss )+3 +5;uir* ot,*r s-*5ifi5 )*+nings It )+3 )*+n t,+t t,* fin/ing u-on 7,i5, t,* /*5ision is foun/*/ +s /istin5t or it is t,* o-*r+ti0* -+rt or ,+s to :* 5on5lusi0* or t,*s* fin/ings :in/ onl3 -+rti*s on litig+t*/ /is-ut*s or t,+t t,* org+n 7,i5, ,+s )+/* t,* /*5ision is its*lf -r*5lu/*/ fro) r*0o1ing9 r*s5in/ing or ot,*r7is* +lt*ring it F

1'

It 7oul/ :* -*rtin*nt to )*ntion ,*r* t,+t in lig,t of +:o0*

)*ntion*/ st+t*)*nts +n/ 5+s*s9 t,* Hig, Court 7oul/ not :* in5orr*5t or +5ting out of 4uris/i5tion if it *2*r5is*s its -o7*r un/*r

Page 33

$#
Art &&6 to issu* +--ro-ri+t* 7rit or /ir*5tion or or/*r in *25*-tion+l 5+s*s +t t,* :*,*st of + -*rson +55us*/ of +n off*n5* tri+:l* un/*r t,* A5t or off*n5* 4ointl3 tri+:l* 7it, t,* off*n5*s un/*r t,* A5t 11 It is -*rtin*nt to )*ntion t,+t t,oug, t,* Hig, Courts ,+0*

0*r3 7i/* -o7*rs un/*r Art &&69 t,* 0*r3 0+stn*ss of t,* -o7*rs i)-os*s on it t,* r*s-onsi:ilit3 to us* t,*) 7it, 5ir5u)s-*5tion +n/ in +55or/+n5* 7it, t,* 4u/i5i+l 5onsi/*r+tion +n/ 7*ll *st+:lis,*/ -rin5i-l*s9 so )u5, so t,+t 7,il* *nt*rt+ining 7rit -*titions for gr+nting int*ri) -rot*5tion fro) +rr*st9 t,* Court 7oul/ not go on to t,* *2t*nt of in5lu/ing t,* -ro0ision of +nti5i-+tor3 :+il +s + :l+n1*t -ro0ision 1& T,us9 su5, + -o7*r ,+s to :* *2*r5is*/ 0*r3 5+utiousl3

1**-ing in 0i*79 +t t,* s+)* ti)*9 t,+t t,* -ro0isions of Arti5l* &&6 +r* + /*0is* to +/0+n5* 4usti5* +n/ not to frustr+t* it T,*

-o7*rs +r*9 t,*r*for*9 to :* *2*r5is*/ to -r*0*nt )is5+rri+g* of 4usti5* +n/ to -r*0*nt +:us* of -ro5*ss of l+7 :3 +ut,oriti*s in/is5ri)in+t*l3 )+1ing -r*@+rr*st of t,* +55us*/ -*rsons In

*nt*rt+ining su5, + -*tition un/*r Art &&69 t,* Hig, Court is

Page 34

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su--os*/ to :+l+n5* t,* t7o int*r*sts On t,* on* ,+n/9 t,*

Court is to *nsur* t,+t su5, + -o7*r un/*r Art &&6 is not to :* *2*r5is*/ li:*r+ll3 so +s to 5on0*rt it into S*5tion #$H9Cr P C -ro5**/ings9 1**-ing in )in/ t,+t 7,*n t,is -ro0ision is s-*5ifi5+ll3 o)itt*/ in t,* St+t* of Utt+r Pr+/*s,9 it 5+nnot :* r*sort*/ to +s to :+51 /oor *ntr3 0i+ Art &&6 On t,* ot,*r ,+n/9

7,*r*0*r t,* Hig, Court fin/s t,+t in + gi0*n 5+s* if t,* -rot*5tion +g+inst -r*@+rr*st is not gi0*n9 it 7oul/ +)ount to gross )is5+rri+g* of 4usti5* +n/ no 5+s*9 +t +ll9 is )+/* for +rr*st -*n/ing tri+l9 t,* Hig, Court 7oul/ :* fr** to gr+nt t,* r*li*f in t,* n+tur* of +nti5i-+tor3 :+il in *2*r5is* of its -o7*r un/*r Art &&6 of t,* Constitution It is +g+in 5l+rifi*/ t,+t t,is -o7*r ,+s to

:* *2*r5is*/ s-+ringl3 in t,os* 5+s*s 7,*r* it is +:solut*l3 7+rr+nt*/ +n/ 4ustifi*/ 444444444.J. 5A.K. SIKRI6 Ne+ De"h#, 16*h J&n,&(' 2014

Page 35

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