Procedural Text: Manuals and Instructions

Basic Competence for SMA: Working with procedural texts and monolog: Listening: Understanding simple transactional and interpersonal monologs in the form of procedures. Speaking: Expressing various meanings in transactional and interpersonal monologs in the form of procedures.

Reading: Understanding various meanings and rhetorical steps in procedural texts. Writing: Expressing various meanings by developing rhetorical steps in procedural texts.

Basic Competence for SM :

3.4 Understanding and retelling manuals procedural texts!.

A! W"at is a procedural text#

" procedural text is a text which is intended to tell the reader how to do# operate# or make something. $he information in a procedural text is usually written in the present tense and is arranged in a logical se%uence of events which is broken up into several se%uenced steps. &ased on its purpose# a procedural text may explain how things work or how to operate things how to use the scanner# the computer# the camera# etc.!# give instrucions on how to do an activity cooking recipes# rules for games# science experiments# road safety rules# etc!# or give advice concerning human behavior how to be a good secretary# how to live healthily# etc!.

B! W"at is t"e format of a procedural text#

'ecipes usually consist of two groups of information( ingredients and method. )ame instructions usually include how to play# game rules# scoring method# and the number of players. *cientific experiments usually include the purpose of the experiment# e%uipment# procedure# observations and conclusion.

C! $o% to Write a Procedural Text

*tate your goals clearly at the beginning. +ist all materials and e%uipment in order of use. +ist the steps in chronological order. ,ocus on general people by using sub-ect ./ou. or .We. instead of individuals. Use action verbs imperative verbs!# such as cut# peel# plug# turn on# etc.

Use se%uencing words to connect the steps. E.g.: ,irst ly!# second ly!# third ly!# next# then# etc. )ive detailed information on how carefully# with the knife!( where into the oven!( when after the water boils!. )ive detailed factual description shape# si0e# color# amount!.

&! 'xample of a procedural text $o% to Cook (oodles

1any people like noodles for their daily meals. 2ts delicious taste and simple preparation have made noodles very popular especially in some "sian countries. 3ere is a recipe to cook noodles. Ingredients: 4. 5oodles

6. Water 3. *alt to taste 4. *tock cube 7. 5oodle packet 8. 9egetables :. ,lavoring powder ;. *easoning sauce <. *pices

4=. Water T"ings )ou need: 4. >ooking pan 6. *trainer 3. *erving plates Steps: 4. &oil the water in a cooking pan. 6. "dd the stock cube or salt if desired. 1ake sure the stock cube is completely dissolved before adding the noodles. 3. "dd the noodles and turn the heat to low or off. $his is different for different kinds of noodles. *ome -ust need to be soaked# others re%uire simmering. >heck the package of the noodles to be sure. 4. +et the noodles simmer or soak for the re%uired number of minutes. $his varies too. ,ollow directions on the package. 7. ?rain off the fluids in a strainer. $he noodles are ready for further preparation. Tips: 4. $he flavor of the stock depends on the ingredients you wish to add later. >hoose chicken if you want to add chicken# beef if you want to add meat etc. 6. *ave the stock for soups and sauces by draining it into a pan. 3. $ake care to add the right %uantity of water. 4. +et the noodles soak the water for some time after they have been cooked.

'! 'xercises:
+isten to the following short talk explaining a procedure. $hen choose the best answer to the %uestions below.

4. Where does the talk take place@ a. An a plane

b. 2n an airpost c. "t a bus station d. "t a flight club 6. What is the purpose of the announcement@ a. $o explain an identification process b. $o explain how to book a flight c. $o explain how to get to &angkok d. $o explain a boarding procedure 3. Who should listen to this announcement@ a. ,light attendants b. Bilots c. ,light passengers d. &order security officers 4. What should we do if we are in the main cabin@ a. We should buy a rose. b. We should show our boarding pass. c. We should board by rows. d. We should wait in the waiting area. 7. 3ow long should we remain in the waiting area@ a. Until 47:36 b. Until we hear our row call c. ,or half an hour d. Until the pilots are ready 'eference: 4. English Anline. 2nstruction. http:CCenglishonline.tki.org.n0CEnglishDAnlineC$eacherD needsC'eviewedDresourcesC'eadingC,eaturesDofDtextDformsC2nstructions. "ccessed 5ov 8# 6=44. 6. Wikihow. 3ow $o >ook 5oodles. http:CCwww.wikihow.comC>ookD5oodles. "ccessed 5ov 46# 6=44.