LD Notes

TUTORIAL
AutodeskLandDesktopTraining2011
DAY 1
DRAWING SETUPS
UNITS Before starting a project, make sure the units are set in according to the unit used in your country as shown in Figure 1. This can be done in the Drawing Setup (Project Drawing Setup). Set the Linear Units to Meters. For Angle Display Type, use North Azimuths o North Azimuths North is 0o or 360o o South Azimuths South is 0o or 360o Display Precision o Linear 3 o Elevation 3 o Coordinate 4 o Angular 5
Figure 1. Units Setup
SCALE Set the horizontal scale to 1:1000 and the vertical scale to 1:100 as shown in Figure 2. If the drawing contains many rolling/steep terrain, then set the vertical scale to 1:200 to reduce the exaggeration of the steepness.
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Figure 2. Scale Setup
ZONE If the zone of the drawing is unknown, leave the Categories as Lat Longs and change the Available Coordinate Systems to Indonesian Datum 1974, Latitude-Longitude; Degrees as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Zone Setup When The Zone Is Unknown
If the zone of the drawing is known, change the Categories to UTM, WGS84 Datum and the Available Coordinate Systems to UTM-WGS 1984 datum, Zone 48 South, Meter; Cent. Meridian
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105d E for Jakarta area or UTM-WGS 1984 datum, Zone 48 North, Meter; Cent. Meridian 105d E for other areas.
Figure 4. Zone Setup When The Zone Is Known
TEXT STYLE Set the Style Set Name to milli.stp, then choose 3 MM for the Styles in this Set. 3 MM is used for horizontal scale of 1:1000.
Figure 5. Text Style Setup
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LOAD/SAVE SETTINGS For horizontal scale of 1:1000 and vertical scale of 1:200, set the Profile Name to the 1000V200.set (Custom) and click Save.
Figure 6. Load/Save Settings
CREATING NEW PROJECT

Project Reassociate Drawing. The following textbox will appear and click Yes (or press Enter).
Figure 7
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Then, a Select or Create a Project window will appear. Click on Create Project.
Figure 8. Select or Create a Project Window
On the Project Details window, choose the Default (Meters) for the Prototype and enter the Project Name in the designated box then click OK.
Figure 9. Project Details Window
After the project is created, save the project and reopen the saved file. Make sure the name of the file and the name of the project are correct.
CONTOURS
Figure 10 shows the direction of the stream.
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Figure 10. Reading Contours: Direction of the Stream
CREATING TIN (TRIANGULATION IRREGULAR NETWORK) Terrain Terrain Model Explorer. When the Terrain Model Explorer has opened up, right-click on Terrain and then click on Create New Surface. Activate the drop down and right-click on Contours and click on Add Contour Data as shown in Figure 11. Click OK. Pick Layer and then click on the polylines that contain the preferred layers and then press Enter twice. The polylines of the chosen layers will be covered in Green as shown in Figure 12. Then, right-click on Surface Name and click on Build and click OK. To view the result, go to Terrain Menu and click on Edit Surface and then click on Import 3D Lines. This is done to create the TIN (Triangulation Irregular Network). Press Enter to Delete old Surface. The TIN is shown in Figure 13.
Figure 11. Terrain Model Explorer: Adding Contour Data
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Figure 12. Added Contour Data
Figure 13. Created TIN (Triangulation Irregular Network)
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Day 2
CREATING NEW TEXT STYLE Type style and then enter Click new and enter a new name for the Style Name. You can also change the height and weight factor as wanted. And then click on Set Current.
CHANGING POINT DISPLAY PROPERTIES Points Edit Points Display Properties Enter s for selection and then pick the points to be selected and then press Enter. On the Point Display Properties window, you can change the display properties of the selected points. The Color and Visibility section in the Text tab shows what parts of the points are visible and in what colors they are. The visibility can be changed by checking and unchecking the boxes. The colors can be changed by clicking the colored box and picking a new color to replace it. The Style and Size section in the Text tab shows the style and size of the text that will be showing. You can change the height and the text style in this section. The Text tab also lets users to change the orientation of the text by changing the Text Rotation to a different degree as shown in Figure 1. The Marker tab lets users change how the marker will be shown.
Figure 1. Text Rotation
EDITING POINTS Points Edit Points Edit Points When the Edit Points window has appeared, click on the Include tab. Check the box for With Number Matching and click the Project Points in Window button.
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Then, click the Edit tab and the chosen points will be shown there as shown in Figure 2. On this tab, you could change the Point properties, such as adding description value to it as shown in Figure 3. Here, you can also change the values that are already listed for the points by clicking its field. Click OK and now the changes should show up as shown in Figure 4 where the points now have descriptions (ADD DESC).
Figure 2. Edit Points Window
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Figure 3. Adding Description
Figure 4. The Points Have Description Value
CREATING CROSS SECTION REPORT Change the Workspace to Civil Design. Firstly, create the output path for the cross section report (otherwise, it will automatically be saved to your C: drive). Cross Sections Output Settings
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Click on Output File Name to create the path and name of the output. Make sure that the extension is set to .txt. After setting up the output file, Cross Sections Design Control Output to File Check if the output file path is correct. If it is correct, press enter three times. Pick Actual and the file will now be at the folder set as the file path.
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Day 3
EDITING UCS View Display UCS Icon Properties In the UCS Icon window, you can change the UCS to 2D.
3D
2D
To change the origin coordinate of the UCS icon to other coordinate than at (0,0), type UCS and then you can specify where you want the UCS icon to be located. In 2D, the W means that it is UCS 2D World where the origin coordinate is at (0,0). Therefore, when starting a project, make sure that the UCS Icon has a W. Adding Points into Database Points Check Points Modify Project In the Modify Project Database Points from Drawing window, check the Add unregistered points to project database. Make sure that the Delete Points from Project Database is set at Off. o Off : Not deleting anything o Points erased by AUTOCAD ERASE command : The points will only be erased from the current view screen but are still stored in the database. o All points not in the current drawing : When inserting new sets of points into the database, the old sets of points will be deleted. For this reason, always make sure that new sets of data have its own layer. Check the Echo status to screen. Deleting Points Enter e at the command line and then enter. You will be asked which objects/points to be selected for deletion. Click on the points to be deleted and then press enter. If you delete the wrong points, you can always insert it back into the drawing. o Points Insert points to drawing o Enter w for Window and select the window where the points are deleted. o And then select to Skip All. Creating Points by Direction Points Create Points Direction Type Node or enter shift + right-click and pick node. For the azimuth, the format of the entry should be typed as 65.093743 for 65o0937.43.
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Creating Line Label Create line between nodes: Lines/Curves Line Label Edit Label Style o Choose the correct label for the top and below text on the Line Label Style tab. Then, click Save and OK. Label Add Dynamic Labels o Click on the line created earlier and the label should appear on top and below the line as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Creating Line Label
Creating Angle Label Created 2 lines connecting the 3 points. Type Dim and then type Ang. Click on the first line and then click on the second line. And the angle label should appear as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Creating Angle Label
Deleting Points Options Points Edit Points

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Remove : The points will be removed but can be inserted back into the drawing. Erase : To permanently delete points. o If you want to insert it back into the drawing, Points Edit Points Unerase.
Creating Northing and Easting Label Labels Label North / East Click on the point and then click on anywhere near the point to position the label. Specify also the angle for the label. The label will then appear on the location as specified earlier as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Creating Northing and Easting Label
Creating Line with Northing and Easting Data as Starting Point Lines/Curves Line Type .n And then type the Northing and Easting data. This can be useful in locating a point in a big drawing when the Northing and Easting data of the point is known. Creating a Circle around a Point Type c and drag out to the preferred size. Editing TIN Lines - River Terrain Edit Surface Add Line The followings are the diagram of how the points should be connected for river. Point A can be connected to point B, E and F Point B can be connected to point A, C, E and F Point C can be connected to point B, D, G and H Point D can be connected to point C, H and G Point E can be connected to point A, B and F Point F can be connected to point A, B, E and G Point G can be connected to point C, D, F and H. Point H can be connected to point C, D, and G.
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E A D F B C
River A A A Road B C D A B C Centerline D
Centerline
Plan View
Cross Section View
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Day 4
Editing TIN Lines Road/Pavement
A 3 2 1 Centerline 4 5 6 A A Ditch 3 Road 2 1 4 5 6 Centerline
Centerline
Roa
Ditch A Plan View Ditch
Centerline Ditch Cross Section View
The TIN for river and road should not overlap with each other. Deleting Points While Editing TIN If you want to delete points while editing TIN, Terrain Edit Surface Delete Points If you want to insert the deleted points back in, Terrain Edit Surface Add Point o Type Node and pick the points that need to be added back in o Type in the elevation of the deleted points
Creating Surface Border Terrain Surface Border 2D Polyline as shown in Figure 1.
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Surface Border
Figure 1. Creating Surface Border
Creating 3D Look Terrain Surface Display Grid of 3D Faces Rotation angle : leave it at 270d00.0 (just press enter) Grid base point : click on the left corner of the drawing as shown in Figure 2. Grid M Size: enter around 30 50. Dont a very small number. Itll affect the look the result to become too soft. Grid N Size: enter the same value used for grid M size. Upper right corner : click on the upper left corner of the drawing as shown in Figure 2. Then, press enter once and the Surface 3D Grid Generator window will appear as shown in Figure 3. Set the Vertical Factor to 1 if it is a rolling terrain and 3 if it is a flat terrain. Set the Number of facets per face to 1. Number of facets is explained in Figure 2. Then press OK. The grid will now appear as shown in Figure 4.
Upper Right Corner
Contour Surface
3D Grid Grid Base Point Figure 2. Creating 3D Grid
1 facet 2 facets
3 facets
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Figure 3. Surface 3D Grid Generator Window
Figure 4. Creating 3D Grid
To delete the grid, Terrain Terrain Layers 3D Grid Layer and then press enter. To view the 3D view of the grid and terrain, View Orbit Constrained Orbit or View Render Render. To go back to 2D drawing, type Plan then type w for World.
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Day 5
Checking Surface Elevation Inquiry Surface Elevation Click on the area where you want to know the surface elevation. Creating Road Alignment Before creating a road alignment, create a road trace first as guidance. The road trace should follow the contour direction as shown in Figure 1. It is best if the road trace is located between 2 major contour lines. The comparison between putting the trace line between 2 major contour lines and not between the 2 major contour lines is shown in Figure 2.
Road Trac
Figure 1. Creating Road Trace
If it is not possible to create the trace line between 2 major contour lines, you can cut through the contour lines but not directly perpendicular to the contour lines for roads. For river, you cut through the contour lines perpendicularly to decrease the length of the bridge. Making Transition Section
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Line Create Spiral Fit Tangent Tangent (make sure when youre about to enter the Ls value, youre entering for length instead of A).
Ls Ls
TS
SC
CS
ST
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Day 6
Searching for the appropriate road path Pick the flatter spot to minimize the cut and fill. When the grading is +/- 12%, the length should not be more than 50 m. Cut is easier and less costly when compared to fill. If there is river nearby, make sure the road path is 5 m away from the river or from the HWL (High Water Level). When creating the road trace, make sure that the end points of the lines dont touch the contour lines. This will make it hard to make the curves. Therefore, turn off the osnap while creating the road path. When creating road alignment for tollway, the grading should not be more than 4% and the steep curve should be as minimal as possible.
Minimum Radius When R 800 m, superelevation and transition curves are not needed (for speed = 40 kmh).
P I A R = 800 m B
LAB 35 x 2
TC
CT
When R < 800 m, superelevation and transition curves are better used (for speed = 40 kmh). When R < 250 m, superelevation and transition curves must be used (for speed = 40 kmh). For minimum radius requirements, refer to the table below.
Minimum (Maximum Values of Alignment Design) Factors for Rural Roads

Design S peed (km/ h)
120 100 80 60 50 40 30 20
S topping Passing sight sight (m) (m)

250 175 120 75 55 40 27 16 800 670 550 350 250 200 150 100
Min.Radius for Curve (m) e=10%

500 350 210 115 80 50 30 15
e=6%
700 460 280 150 100 60 30 15
e=-2%
Min.Radi Min.Radi Min.Leng th of us not us not (m) (m) (m)

7500 5000 3500 2000 1300 800 500 300 5000 2000 1250 700 400 250 150 60 100 85 70 50 40 35 25 20
Max grade (%)

3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Min. Vertical curve Radius Crest S ag
220 150 100 55 25
6500 3000 1400 800 450 250 100
3000 2000 1000 700 450 250 100
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Minimum (Maximum Values of Alignment Design) Factors for Urban Roads
Design S peed (km/ h)
100 80 60 50 40 30 20
S topping Passing sight sight (m) (m)

160 110 75 55 40 30 20 550 350 250 200 150 100
Min.Radius for Curve (m) e=10%

380 230 120 80 -
e=6%
460 280 150 100 60 30 15
Min.Radi Min.Radi Min.Leng us not us not th of e=-2% (m) (m) (m)

220 150 100 55 25 5000 3500 2000 1300 800 500 300 1500 1000 600 400 250 150 60 85 70 50 40 35 25 20
Max grade (%)

3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Min. Vertical curve Radius Crest S ag

6500 3000 1400 800 450 250 100 3000 2000 1000 700 450 250 100
Superelevation Centerline + Centerline +
Turning Right
Turning Left
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Day 7
Reverting Back Curve to Lines Type F then press ENTER Click on the tangents (the two lines next to the curve) The curve should be reverted back to lines
Setting Alignment Alignment Define from Objects Click on the starting line to mark the starting point Then, click on all of the lines to be set as an alignment including the first line that was clicked to mark the starting point Keep on entering and a window should appear to ask for the name of the alignment. Name the alignment. If you reopening a file and the set alignment is not recognized, Alignment Set Curent Alignment. Press Enter and then pick the name of the alignment from the list of alignments.
Creating Stations Alignments Create Station Labels Stations cant be created without setting the alignment first.
Creating Offsets Alignments Create Offsets Check the Second Offset and Third Offset as well to create offsets for shoulder and sidewalk. Specify the offset length. Offsets cant be created without setting the alignment first.
1.2 0.6 5 5 0.6 1.2
Centerline
Extracting Horizontal Alignment Report Alignments Edit The Horizontal Alignment Editor window should appear Click on Settings When the Output Settings window appears, check only File, Screen and Overwrite. Left the others unchecked. Change the Output File Name and use .hrz extension (For example: c:\output.hrz). Click OK to exit the Output Settings window and go back to the Horizontal Alignment Editor window.
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There are 4 output choices: Station, Curve, Station/Curve, and By Increments. To produce the output, click on one of the choices then keep on entering until the output window is shown and then click OK. The output file will be saved at the location specified earlier at the Output File Name. The output for Station should look like this:
Project: PELATIHAN LDD 2009 Horizontal Alignment PI S tation Report. Alignment: ALG Desc: PI S tation Northing Easting 0+000 89040.4394 390669.0856 0+172.710 0+554.797 0+814.725 1+313.233 88899.515 88526.1763 88306.5451 88058.9508 390569.24 384.4061 390477.6637 260.6705 390337.2669 566.7063 390847.0248 115-54-22.7 212-35-17.8 193-46-55.1
Distance 172.7103
Direction 215-19-03.9
The output for Curve should look like this:
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Project: PELATIHAN LDD 2009 Horizontal AlignmentCurve Report. Alignment: ALG Desc: S piral/ Curve Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tangent Data Length: 52.583 Course: 215-19-03.9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S piral Curve Data: CLOTHOID Length: 50 L Tan: 33.338 Radius: 500 STan: 16.671 Theta: 2-51-53.2 P: 0.208 X: 49.988 K: 24.998 Y: 0.833 A: 158.114 Chord: 49.994 Course: 214-21-46.2 Ts: 120.127 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Circular Curve Data Delta: 15-48-22.3 Type: LEFT Radius: 500 DOC: 11-27-33.0 Length: 137.935 T angent: 69.408 Mid-Ord: 4.749 Ex ternal: 4.795 Chord: 137.498 Course: 204-32-59.5 Es: 9.174 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S piral Curve Data: CLOTHOID Length: 50 L Tan: 33.338 Radius: 500 STan: 16.671 Theta: 2-51-53.2 P: 0.208 X: 49.988 K: 24.998 Y: 0.833 A: 158.114 Chord: 49.994 Course: 194-44-12.8 Ts: 120.127 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tangent Data Length: 206.085 Course: 193-46-55.1
The output for Station/Curve should look like this:
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Project: PELATIHAN LDD 2009 Horizontal Alignment S tation and Curve Report. Alignment: ALG Desc: S piral/ Curve Data Easting Desc. S tation Northing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PI 0+000 89040.4394 390669.0856 Length: 172.71 Course: 215-19-03.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PI 0+1720.71 88899.515 390569.24 Length: 384.406 Course: 193-46-55.1 Delta: 21-32-08.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tangent Data 0+000 89040.4394 390669.0856 0+0520.583 88997.5338 390638.6868 Length: 52.583 Course: 215-19-03.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S piral Curve Data: CLOTHOID 88997.5338 390638.6868 TS 0+0520.583 S PI 88970.3316 390619.4139 S C 0+1020.583 88956.2644 390610.4683 Length: 50 L Tan: 33.338 Radius: 500 STan: 16.671 Theta: 2-51-53.2 P: 0.208 K: 24.998 X: 49.988 Y: 0.833 A: 158.114 Chord: 49.994 Course: 214-21-46.2 Ts: 120.127 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Circular Curve Data S C 0+1020.583 88956.2644 390610.4683 88687.9609 391032.3845 RP 88831.1962 390553.34 S C 0+2400.518 Delta: 15-48-22.3 Type: LEFT Radius: 500 DOC: 11-27-33.0 69.408 Length: 137.935 Tangent: Mid-Ord: 4.749 External: 4.795 Chord: 137.498 Course: 204-32-59.5 Es: 9.174
The output for By Increments should look like this:
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Project: PELATIHAN LDD 2009 Horizontal Incremental S tationing Report. Alignment: ALG Desc: S tation Northing Easting Tangential Direction ------------------------------------------------------------------------215-19-03.9 0+000 89040.4394 390669.0856 0+050 88999.6415 390640.1801 215-19-03.9 0+100 88958.4406 390611.86 212-44-28.7 0+150 88915.1068 390586.958 207-01-09.8 0+200 88869.5036 390566.5065 201-17-23.3 0+250 88822.088 390550.7045 195-39-47.7 0+300 88773.6374 390538.3635 193-46-55.1 0+350 88725.077 390526.4521 193-46-55.1 390514.5407 193-46-55.1 0+400 88676.5165 0+450 88627.9561 390502.6293 193-46-55.1 0+500 88579.3957 390490.7172 193-48-54.2 0+550 88531.5438 390476.372 201-55-02.0 0+600 88487.481 390452.8918 212-09-30.4 0+650 88445.3364 390425.9877 212-35-17.8 0+700 88402.1234 390400.9661 202-44-35.9 0+750 88353.3647 390391.6589 178-52-12.2 154-59-48.6 0+800 88305.0108 390402.8815 0+850 88265.3359 390432.7134 131-07-24.9 0+900 88239.4924 390475.3179 115-54-22.7 0+950 88217.6474 390520.2934 115-54-22.7 1+000 88195.8024 390565.2689 115-54-22.7 1+050 88173.9573 390610.2444 115-54-22.7 1+100 88152.1123 390655.2199 115-54-22.7 1+150 88130.2673 390700.1953 115-54-22.7 1+200 88108.4222 390745.1708 115-54-22.7 1+250 88086.5772 390790.1463 115-54-22.7 1+300 88064.7322 390835.1218 115-54-22.7
To exit the Horizontal Alignment Editor, click OK. Reports cant be produced without setting the alignment first.
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Day 8
LISP Program Creating Circles on Multiple Spots using LISP Type AP Choose the folder BULAT in the LSP folder Load the program BU Then close Utilities Build Selection Set Check Object and Layer and then click Pick < Pick the entity to be circled then press ENTER Click Build Selection and then click Apply Type BU in the command line Then type P and enter twice All the entities chosen earlier should all be circled now
Changing the Entity of the Circle Created Above Type FI then enter Click Add Selected Object < Click on the object (the circle) Then select what can be changed from the list (delete the unnecessary ones from the list) Then click Apply Press enter to exit Then Click on the Properties icon Click on the Select Objects icon The type P and enter Then you can change all the entities selected at once. For example, changing the radius of all the circles.
Creating PI Points on the Alignment using LISP Create the PI Report (Station/Curve Report) Open file PII inside folder TITIK_PI from folder LSP in Notepad Change the content of the file in Notepad. Change the following section (change it to the location and filename of the saved report):
Then save the Notepad to activate the changes In Land Desktop, type AP in the command line Choose folder TITIK_PI in folder LSP Load PII
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Then close Type I in the command line Then find the file QWE in LSP folder Put it somewhere in the drawing (preferably a spot outside the drawing) Make the QWE drawing bigger and name it in a new layer Then type PII in the command line to produce all the PI points on the alignment.
Creating PI Table using LISP Open the file Form Tabel (located at LSP\DATA_TABEL_JM\) in Land Desktop Type Units in the command line and change the units to meters. Do the same in Project Drawing Setup (change the unit to meters) Type AP in the command line Load tbl pivk (located at LSP\DATA_TABEL_JM) Click close Type QW in the command line Type the report file name without the .hrz extension then enter (for example, if the PI report is called output.hrz, you only type output) The PI table should appear now.
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Day 9
Creating Profile Make sure that the Workspace is set to Civil Design. Profiles Profile Settings Sampling Profiles Profile Settings EG Layers Profiles Profile Settings FG Layers Profiles Profile Settings Labels and Prefix (Make sure to input * for Layer Prefix) Profiles Profile Settings Values Profiles Surfaces Set Current Surface Profiles Existing Ground Sample From Surface Profiles Create Profile Full Profile The profile should appear. Drawing Tangent Lines on Profile Refer to the manual (filename: standard for rural) to determine the maximum grade allowed. Profiles FG Centerline Tangents Create Tangents When asked to select point, pick Length then specify the length and then press Enter Then type G for Grade then specify the grade and then press Enter Do this repeatedly until the tangent lines are drawn to the end of the Profile. Creating Vertical Curves on the Tangent Lines Use the excel file (filename: radius-ev) to determine the minimum curve length. Profiles FG Vertical Curves Create the vertical curves by specifying the curve length that meets the allowed minimum curve length. Labeling Vertical Curves of the Tangent Lines Profiles FG Vertical Alignments Define FG Centerline Click the first line of the series of Tangent Lines Then, select the whole entire Tangent Lines Profiles Edit Vertical Alignments Click on the Finished Ground tab Pick Center for the Offset choice OK and Close Profiles FG Vertical Alignments Import
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Day 10
Creating Cross Sections Profile FG Vertical Alignments Define FG Centerline Cross Sections Surfaces Set Current Surface Cross Sections Existing Ground Sample from Surface Cross Sections View/Edit Sections
Creating Cross Section Template Cross Sections Set Template Path (Choose adtpl_m) Cross Sections Design Control Edit Design Control Click OK Click on Template Control Click on Select
Select m2ln_r1 (unless if a specified template has been created) and then OK. Click on Ditches Fill it out as shown below (the values depend on the values given in the geotechnical and drainage report):
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Click on Slopes Fill it out as shown below:
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Click on Benches Fill it out as shown below:
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Cross Sections Designed Control Stepped Slopes Fill it out as shown below:
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Cross Sections Designed Control Process Sections Cross Sections View/Edit Sections (Scale 1:1000 1:200).
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Day 11
Creating Cross Section Template 1 2
Figure 1. Typical for Fill
Figure 1. Typical for Cut AutodeskLandDesktop Day4
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When creating a cross section template, make sure that the horizontal scale and vertical scale is the same (Ex: 1:200 and 1:200). First, create the template path (Workspace : Civil Design). Cross Sections Set Template Path Uncheck the User Preferences Cross Section Templates root path Create a folder in C: or D: drive with the name of the template folder (Ex: adtpl_m) Then, browse the folder name in the Template Path window. Click OK. Drawing the template Draw a vertical line Cross Sections Draw Templates Type Near and click on the vertical line created previously Type G for grade Enter -2 for the grade and -3.5 for the offset and the template will look like this (the red lines are the steps that have been done):
Type R for relative Enter 0 for the change in offset and -0.05 for the change in elevation. The template will look like this (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far):
Type G for grade Enter 2 for the grade and 3.5 for the offset. Then, enter twice. The template should look like the one shown below (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far). This is the Asphalt layer that has 5 cm thickness.
Cross Sections Draw Templates Type END and click on the bottom right of the asphalt layer (shown as O in the figure below).
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Type P for Points Type END and then click on the bottom right of the asphalt layer (the one marked by X in the figure below). Type S for Slope Enter -1 for slope and -0.2 for offset. The template should look like this (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far):
Type G for grade Enter 2 for grade and 3.7 for offset. Then, Enter twice. The template should look like the one shown below (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far). This is the Aggregate A layer with 20 cm thickness.
Cross Sections Draw Templates Type END and click the bottom right of the asphalt layer (shown as X in the figure below). Type G for grade Enter -2 for grade and -3.75 for offset. Type S for slope Enter -1 for slope and -0.35 for offset. The template should look like this (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far):
Type G for grade Enter 2 for grade and 4.1 for offset. Then, Enter twice. The template should look like the one shown below (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far). This is the Aggregate B layer with 35 cm thickness.
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Cross Sections Draw Templates Type END and click on the top left of the asphalt layer (shown as X in the figure below). Type G for grade Enter -4 for grade and -2 for offset. Then, enter twice. The template should look like this (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far):
Draw a slope line at the end of line with the configuration below.
dy 2 = as shown in figure dx 3
Cross Sections Draw Templates Type END and click on the bottom left of the Aggregate B layer (shown as X in the figure below). Type G for grade Enter -4 for grade and -3 for offset. Then, enter twice. Trim the extra line. The template should look like the one shown below (the red lines are the steps that have been done so far). This is the Aggregate C layer with 60 cm thickness.
Type PE for Polyline Click on one of the lines created for the Aggregate C layer. Choose Join Click on the other two lines of Aggregate C layer and then enter twice.
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Creating the full template Mirror the template created above to create the full template as shown in the figure below.
Defining the Template Cross Sections Templates Define Template Type END and click on the top right of the asphalt layer. Choose Yes. Select all the lines (except for the vertical line) and then enter. Choose Normal. Create new selection name if the one to be used is not listed. If the name is among the selection list, click on the appropriate name as according to which dash line is showing. Do this for all four layers (asphalt, aggregate A, aggregate B, and aggregate C). When asked to pick the point connection out, click on the bottom left of aggregate C layer. Enter 1 for datum number Click on point 1 to 5 (shown in the figure below) in order from left to right and then enter. Enter and save the template name.
3 2 Delete the template lines (all of them leaving the vertical line only) Cross Sections Templates Edit Template Choose the template name of the template created above. The insertion point is shown as X in the figure below
When the template has appeared, type SR for SRfcon. Type T for Topsurf Click on point 1 to 6 (shown in the figure below) in order. Type TR for Transition Choose Left Choose 1 Click on point 1 of the figure below.
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Choose Pinned Choose Free Click on point 2 of the figure below. Choose Grade Click on point 2 of the figure below. Choose Exit Choose Right Choose 1 Click on point 4 of the figure below. Choose Pinned Choose Free Click on point 5 of the figure below. Choose Grade Click on point 5 of the figure below. Choose Exit Choose Exit Type X for Exit Type E for Edsurf Type P for Points Choose Add Click on Point 1 of the figure below. Choose number 25 (EOP) from the list Click on Point 3 of the figure below. Choose number 25 (EOP) from the list Click on Point 4 of the figure below. Choose number 25 (EOP) from the list Click on Point 6 of the figure below. Choose number 25 (EOP) from the list Exit and save the template. 3 1 2 5 4 6
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Day 12
Creating Superelevation Diagram Loading the AutoLISP Type AP for Application In the LSP Folder, find a folder by the name Curve-BA and open it Load CURBE and close the window Draw a vertical line at the bottom left of the profile diagram as shown in figure below:
Type UCS Then, type O for Origin When asked to specify the point of origin, click on the end of the line (shown as X in the figure above). Type GGG (make sure that the OSNAP (F3) and ORTHO (F8) are off) Type in the file name (without the .hrz). This would be the output file to the horizontal alignment report (Station/Curve option), which was done in Day 7. o Alignments Edit o Click on Settings o Specify the filename (has to have the extension .hrz) and location of the output file (has to be in C: drive) by clicking on Output File Name. o Click OK o Click on Station/Curve and keep on entering until the report appears. o Then click OK. The report is now saved at the location specified earlier and can be used for the AutoLISP command. A diagram should appear below your profile diagram as shown below:
Select all parts of the diagram that just appeared. Click on Properties
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On the drop down menu, select Text Then go to the Text section and change the rotation to 270d00.0 and then close the Properties window. All the texts of the new diagram has now been rotated as shown below:
Creating the superelevation diagram Create a horizontal line below the diagram line created above (shown in figure below)
Open the SUPERDIS Excel file to obtain the correct offset values Enter the radius, emax and design speed value into the Excel file to obtain the offset values. For example, with R = 200 m, emax = 8%, and design speed = 40 km/h, offset = 4.3 Now, the offset needs to be applied to the horizontal line created above twice. So, there will be 3 lines below the diagram line (its better to give them different colors) as shown below:
Next is to offset the middle line (the red line) down by 2 as shown in the figure below (the new line is the darker blue line):
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Create vertical lines connecting the diagram above and the horizontal lines below (shown below)
Using the vertical lines as guidance, draw the superelevation diagram by following the steps below: o Draw a line from point 1 to point 2 (from the cyan line to the darker blue line).
1 2 o Draw a line from point 3 to 4 (start from the intersection of the black line and red line to the green line on the bottom).
3 4 o Do the same thing for the other side as shown below:
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Trim the lines to look like below:
Label the diagram as shown below:
The top of the diagram should always be positive and the bottom should always be negative. The diagram below explains how to determine whether to put Left or Right at the top or bottom.
The top diagram shows that the road has a left-turn. In this case, the Right label should be with the positive label on top.
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The top diagram shows that the road has a right-turn. In this case, the Left label should be on top with the positive label.
Repeat all the steps from determining the offset to labeling for the rest of the superelevation diagrams. Remember to change the offset of the lines. When youre done, the superelevation diagram should look like below:
NOTE THAT SOME OF THESE STEPS ARE ONLY IF THE CURVE HAS TRANSITIONS/SPIRALS. If the curve is a full circle, the steps are: o This is how a full circle diagram should look like (no triangles on the sides, which are the transitions/spirals).
The vertical guidelines for drawing the superelevation diagram are as shown below. The value for Ls used depends on the radius.
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2/3 of L
1/3 of L
1/3 of L
2/3 of L
The steps to draw the lines for the superelevation diagram is the same as the one for curve with transitions/spirals.
Trim and label the lines.
Inputting the Superelevation into Cross Section Diagram

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Cross Sections Design Control Superelevation Parameters Click on Settings (the top one) Change the Method to A Check the Rollover and enter the value 0.06 Change the E Value to 0.08 Change Runout and Runoff value to 17.5 Change the % Runoff value for both transition in and out to 33.333 Click OK Click on Import Alignments Click Yes Click on Save Click on Edit Data Change the % Runoff value to 100 if its a spiraled curve or to 33.333 if its a full circle curve Click OK In order to check if the superelevation information has been successfully inputted into the cross section, Cross Section View/Edit Sections. The cross section with superelevation should look like this:
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Day 13
Creating Volume Table Alignments Set Current Alignments Cross Sections Total Volume Output Volume Table Select Avgendarea o Prismoidal is more accurate (use this for rolling areas) 0+050 0+040 A m2 o Avgendarea is more commonly used 0+050 0+040 A m2 B m2 B m2
A+ B xPJ 2
Select Yes twice. Enter 1.00 Enter 1.00 And then enter twice Pick the insertion point at any empty spot And the table should appear as shown below:
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Creating Volume Table File Cross Sections Output Settings Leave File, Screen and Overwrite File checked. Uncheck the rest. Specify the file location and file name. Cross Sections Total Volume Output To File Select Avgendarea Select Yes twice. Enter 1.00 Enter 1.00 And then enter twice The file should be located in the location specified earlier and should look like the one shown below:
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Creating a 3D View Showing the elevations of the end of the cut/fill Cross Sections Point Output Catch Points to DWG Enter Yes twice Then enter 3x The elevation should appear on the alignment as shown below:
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Edit the size of the marker and text o Points Edit Points Display Properties o Show only the elevation with smaller text and marker It should appear as shown below:
Creating the 3D View Cross Sections Road Ouput Draw 3D Polylines from Point Codes Check the Select All Then click OK The polylines should appear as shown below:
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Cross Sections 3D Grid Select Top The grid should appear as shown below:
View Orbit Constrained Orbit Move the cursor around to see the 3D view as shown below:
View Render Render to view the rendered view as shown below:
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Combining 2 Surfaces Joining the lines of Daylight layer Activate layer Daylight and deactivate/freeze other layers Type PE for polyline Type M Select the layer Enter Yes Select Join Select Close The lines are now joined as a polyline Terrain Terrain Model Explorer Right click on Terrain and Create New Surface Name the surface ERJ Pelatihan Right click on Boundaries and Add Boundary Definition Select Outer Select Yes Then enter The boundary definition should appear in the window as shown below:
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Turn on the RDGRID layer Terrain Terrain Model Explorer Right click on Point File and Add Points from Autocad Objects and select 3D Faces Select Layer Click on the RDGRID layer Then enter The following window should appear (make sure the file size is not 0 kb):
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Right click on the surface and then click Build Enter the description Click Apply and OK The following window should appear:
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Terrain Set Current Surface Select the first surface created (ex: Pelatihan-1) Terrain Edit Surface Paste Surface Select the second surface (ex: ERJ Pelatihan) Terrain Edit Surface Raise/Lower Surface Select Yes Name the surface (ex: GAB ERJ EX). This would be the combined surface. Then enter.
Creating Cross Section of the Combined Surface Cross Sections Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces Cross Sections Surfaces Select Multiple Surfaces Select both second and first surfaces (ERJ Pelatihan and Pelatihan 1) Cross Sections Existing Ground Sample from Surface Check the Add Specific Stations Uncheck PCs/PTs and TS-SCs/CS-STs Click OK Enter the critical station (ex: 357.666) Then select No Cross Sections Existing Ground Edit Sections Click on Station Enter the critical station specified earlier (ex: 357.666)
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Click on Section View The cross section should appear as shown below:
Creating Contour of the Combined Surfaces Terrain Create Contour Change the surface to the combined surface created earlier (ex: GAB ERJ EX) To see if the cross section is correct, draw a perpendicular line to the road alignment. Terrain Sections View Quick Section
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Day 14
Showing Drainage/Ditch on Profile Make sure the scale is correct (1:1000 and 1:200) Cross Sections Surfaces Set Current Surface Select the first surface created (ex: Pelatihan -1) Cross Sections Existing Ground Sample from Surface Cross Sections Set Template Path Cross Sections Ditch/Transition Import Profile Select Left Select Ditch Select Yes Cross Sections Ditch/Transition Import Profile Select Right Select Ditch Select Yes The drainage/ditch lines should now appear on the Profile as shown below:
Extracting Cross Section Report Cross Sections Output Settings Specify the filename and file location Cross Sections Design Control Output to File Select Actual The report should look like this:
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Unlocking Database/Surface Projects Project Manager Click on File Locks Click on Delete All If it does not work, go to the adtpl_m folder in your D: or C: drive and delete the file that contains #.
Creating Berm Template Make sure that horizontal scale = vertical scale (1:200 and 1:200) Make sure OSNAP (F3) and ORTHO (F8) is off Created a vertical line Cross Sections Set Template Path Cross Sections Draw Template Type END and click the end of the vertical line Type G for Grade Enter -2 for grade and -5 for change in offset Type R for Relative Enter 0 for change in offset and -0.3 for change in elevation Type G for Grade Enter 2 for grade and 5 for change in offset
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The template should look like the following. This is the Aggregate A layer (the blue lines show the steps that have been gone through so far).
Cross Sections Draw Template Type END and click on the bottom right corner of the first layer Type G for Grade Enter -2 for grade and -5 for change in offset Type R for Relative Enter 0 for change in offset and -0.5 for change in elevation The template should look like the following. This is the Aggregate B layer (the blue lines show the steps that have been gone through so far):
Cross Sections Draw Template Type END and click on the top left corner of the first layer Type G for Grade Enter -4 for grade and -0.6 for change in offset The template should look like the following. This is the Shoulder layer (the blue lines show the steps that have been gone through so far):
Cross Sections Templates Define Template Type END and click on the top right corner of the template Select Yes
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Click on the 3 layers created earlier Select Normal Select Shoulder from the list (if it is not listed, create it as a new selection) Select Normal Select Agg B = 50 cm from the list (if it is not listed, create it as a new selection) Select Normal Select Agg A = 30 cm from the list (if it is not listed, create it as a new selection) Type END and click on the top left corner of shoulder layer Datum = 1 Click from point 1 to point 4 in order as shown in the diagram below:
Select Yes Name the template (ex: Pelatihan 2) Select No Move the template elsewhere leaving only the vertical line Cross Sections Edit Template Select the template named set earlier (ex: Pelatihan 2) Click on the top of the vertical line as the insertion point The template should appear as shown below:
Type SR for SRfcon Type C for Connect Type L for Left Click on the top left corner Type C for Connect Type R for Right Click on the top right corner Type D for Datum Datum = 1 Click on point 1 to point 7 in order as shown in the diagram below:
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1 2 3 1 2 4 6 7
Type T for Topsurf Topsurf = 1 Click on point 1 to point 5 in order as shown in the diagram below: 3 4 5
Type TR for Transition Type L for Left Type 1 Type END Click on point 1 as shown in the diagram below: Select Pinned Select Free Click on point 2 as shown in the diagram below: Select Grade Click on point 2 as shown in the diagram below: Select Exit Select Right Select 1 Click on point 3 as shown in the diagram below: Select Pinned Select Free Click on point 2 as shown in the diagram below: Select Grade Click on point 2 as shown in the diagram below: Select Exit 1 2 3
Type S for Super Click on point 1 to point 6 as shown in the diagram below:
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3 1 2 5 4 6
Type X for Exit Type E for Edsurf Type P for Points Type A for Add Click on point 1 and 2 and define is number 25. EOP.
Exit twice Type SA for Save Select Yes Confirm the filename Select Yes Exit
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Day 15
Creating Berm Template (Cont.) Make sure that horizontal scale = vertical scale (ex: 1:200 and 1:200) Create a vertical line and offset it to the left and right by 0.15 m Create a horizontal line intersecting the vertical lines and offset by 1 m Offset = 0.15
Offset = 1 m
Cross Sections Draw Template Click on the point marked by X below Type S for Slope Enter 0.67 for slope and 2 for change in offset
Mirror the sloped line

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Cross Sections Draw Template Click on the point marked by X below Type S for Slope Enter 1 for slope and -2 for change in offset
Mirror the line
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Trim the lines to look like below:
Move the template as shown below:
Use the shoulder line of the previous created template to close the current template as shown below. Trim any excess line(s).
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Turn the template into a polyline (PE command) and join them Cross Sections Templates Define Subassembly Click on point 1 of the diagram as shown below Select Tanah from the selection (if it is not listed, create a new selection by the name Tanah) Click anywhere on the polyline to select the entity Click on point 2 of the diagram as shown below Click point 2 then point 1 when defining the datum
Select Yes Name the subassembly (ex: berm) Select No. Cross Sections Templates Edit Subassembly Select the subassembly name created earlier (ex: berm) Click anywhere blank (not too close with the any diagrams or drawings) Type SR for Srfcon Type T for Topsurf Click on Point 1 to point 4 in order as shown below Type R for Redraw Type X for Exit Type SA for Save Select Yes Use the same subassembly name as before (ex: berm) Select Yes Exit Cross Sections Templates Edit Template Select the template name of the previously created berm template(ex: Pelatihan 2) Click anywhere black (far from any diagrams or drawings)
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The template should look like the one shown below:
Type AS for Assembly For both left and right Fill Shoulder, select the subassembly name created previously (ex: berm)
Click OK Type SA for Save Select Yes Use the same template name as before (ex: Pelatihan 2) Select Yes to overwrite Then Exit Cross Sections Templates Edit Template Click anywhere blank (far from diagrams or drawings) Cross Sections View/Edit Sections It should be showing on the cross sections now as shown below:
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If an error show up saying the template is larger than the cross section, Cross Sections View/Edit Sections Type E for Edit Type C for Control Click on Template Control Click on Edit Transitions Uncheck the First Offset for both left and right Click OK This type of fix can only be done one by one in Cross Sections View/Edit Sections Creating Sheet Manager Sheet Manager Settings Click on Section Preferences Set it as according to the following (this section can be edited again later on to change the view) o Horizontal Scale = 1.00 o Vertical Scale = 1.00 o Column Spacing = 4.00 o Row Spacing = 4.00 o Top/Bottom = 3.00 o Left/Right = 3.00 o Below Datum = 5.00 o Above Max = 5.00 Only if editing is necessary o Sheet Manager Sheet Styles Load Sheet Styles o Go to the folder sdsk_m and open the desired sheet style o The sheet style should appear as shown below:
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o o o o o o o o o o o
Sheet Manager Sheet Styles Create/Edit Frame Click on line 1 as shown below Press Enter Click on Text (this is to edit the text labels) Click on Edit (if any edit is necessary) Sheet Manager Sheet Styles Create/Edit Frame Click on line 2 as shown below Click on Assign Design Frame << Click on line 3 as shown below Sheet Manager Sheet Styles Create/Edit Frame Click on line 4 as shown below 1 2
o o o o o
3 Sheet Manager Sheet Styles Update Frame Labels Click on all the lines Sheet Manager Sheet Styles Save Sheet Styles Name the sheet style (ex: pelatihan) Select the sheet type. Select Section if it is for cross section.
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Sheet Manager Section Sheets Set/Define Section Series Name the current series (ex: pelatihan cross section) If you want to cut the sheet manager into multiple series, make sure you name each series with different name (ex: Sta 0+000 1+000 for the first 1 km of the road alignment) Sheet Manager Section Sheets Generate Section Sheets Select the series name created earlier (ex: pelatihan cross section) If youre using the multiple series, pick the name of one of the series (ex: Sta 0+000 1+000) Make sure to change the start and end point in accordance to the start and end of the station.
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EXTRA
CREATING CONTOUR USING .CSV FILE 1. Points Point Settings Create Tab i. For new project, on the Create tab, the Current Number in the Numbering section should be 1. ii. In the Elevation section, there are 3 choices: Automatic : Whatever is inputted in the Default Elevation will be the automatic elevation. Manual : Even though a Default Elevation is inputted, users will always be asked what elevation they want to use. None : No Default Elevation will be detected. iii. In the Description section, there are 3 choices: Automatic : Whatever is inputted as the Default Description will be the automatic description. Manual : Even though a Default Description is inputted, users will always be asked what description they want to use. None : No Default Description will be detected. Marker Tab Number Elevation Marker Description
2. Points Import/Export Points Format Manager Once the Format Manager window is opened, click on Add as shown in Figure 1. Choose User Point File and then click OK. On the Point File Format window, type in the Format Name (Ex: TESTING) Change the Default Ext. to .csv. Activate the Delimited By and enter comma (,) in the blank box. Click the Load button and load the .csv file that has the data. Click the <unused> columns and change the column names according to the .csv file content as shown in Figure 2. Click the Parse button and then click OK. Click Close.
AutodeskLandDesktopTraining Extra Page1
Figure 1. Format Manager Window
Figure 2. Point File Format Window
3. Points Import/Export Points Import Points Pick the Format Name that you set before (Ex: TESTING). Activate the Add Points to Point Group and then click the green icon.
Type in the name you want to use (Ex: TEST1) and then click OK. Click OK and then OK again. 4. After the processing is done, double click on the middle scroller of your mouse and the data will show as shown in Figure 3. The result showing will depend on the data used.
Figure 3. Import Point Processing Result
5. Terrain Terrain Model Explorer Create new terrain surface Drop down the menu of the new terrain surface and right-click on Point Group and then click Add Point Group. Choose the correct Point Group Name as set previously. 6. Points Check Points Modify Project On the Modify Project Database Points window, check the Add unregistered points to project database. This is to ensure the points are in the database. 7. Terrain Terrain Model Explorer Right-click on Point Files and choose Add Points from Autocad Objects and then choose Points. Pick layer and click on the layer to be chosen. Then, enter twice. Right-click on the new surface name and click Build. If you want to limit the data showing, you can check the boxes that say Dont add data with elevation less than and/or Dont add data with elevation greater than. In order to see a quick display of how it will turn out, right-click on the surface name and choose Surface Display and then Quick View. The TIN should show up now.
In order to make the contours to appear permanently, Terrain Create Contours and then click OK. The contours will now show as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Created Contours
8. In order to show the cross section, firstly, at least one line should be made that passes through the contours. Lines/Curves Lines. To see the cross section, Terrain Sections View Quick Section Pick the line(s) made earlier and the cross section will appear. This method can be useful in choosing the road path for a project. You can make as many lines as possible and it does not have to be a completely connected straight lines. 9. Contour Label In order to create contour label, Terrain Contour Label Group Interior i. Draw a straight line through the contour and the contour label will be created along the line as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5. Contour Label
In order to delete contour label, Terrain Contour Label Delete Label i. Click on the contour label and click on whatever is nearest to it. The chosen label should now be deleted.

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TUTORIAL

Figure 1. Units Setup

Figure 2. Scale Setup

Figure 3. Zone Setup When The Zone Is Unknown

Figure 4. Zone Setup When The Zone Is Known

Figure 5. Text Style Setup

Figure 6. Load/Save Settings

CREATING NEW PROJECT

Figure 8. Select or Create a Project Window

Figure 9. Project Details Window

Figure 10. Reading Contours: Direction of the Stream

Figure 11. Terrain Model Explorer: Adding Contour Data

Figure 12. Added Contour Data

Figure 13. Created TIN (Triangulation Irregular Network)

Figure 1. Text Rotation

Figure 2. Edit Points Window

Figure 3. Adding Description

Figure 4. The Points Have Description Value

Figure 1. Creating Line Label

Figure 2. Creating Angle Label

Deleting Points Options Points Edit Points

Figure 3. Creating Northing and Easting Label

Cross Section View

Ditch A Plan View Ditch

Centerline Ditch Cross Section View

Creating Surface Border Terrain Surface Border 2D Polyline as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Creating Surface Border

3D Grid Grid Base Point Figure 2. Creating 3D Grid

Figure 3. Surface 3D Grid Generator Window

Figure 4. Creating 3D Grid

Figure 1. Creating Road Trace

Minimum (Maximum Values of Alignment Design) Factors for Rural Roads

S topping Passing sight sight (m) (m)

Min.Radius for Curve (m) e=10%

Min.Radi Min.Radi Min.Leng th of us not us not (m) (m) (m)

Max grade (%)

Min. Vertical curve Radius Crest S ag

220 150 100 55 25

6500 3000 1400 800 450 250 100

3000 2000 1000 700 450 250 100

S topping Passing sight sight (m) (m)

Min.Radius for Curve (m) e=10%

Min.Radi Min.Radi Min.Leng us not us not th of e=-2% (m) (m) (m)

Max grade (%)

Min. Vertical curve Radius Crest S ag

Superelevation Centerline + Centerline +

The output for Curve should look like this:

The output for Station/Curve should look like this:

The output for By Increments should look like this:

Click on Slopes Fill it out as shown below:

Click on Benches Fill it out as shown below:

Figure 1. Typical for Fill

Figure 1. Typical for Cut AutodeskLandDesktop Day4

3 4 o Do the same thing for the other side as shown below:

Trim the lines to look like below:

Label the diagram as shown below:

Trim and label the lines.

Inputting the Superelevation into Cross Section Diagram

View Render Render to view the rendered view as shown below:

Mirror the sloped line

Mirror the line

Trim the lines to look like below:

Move the template as shown below: