I.G.C.S.E.

Algebra 01 Index: Please click on the question number you want Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 You can access the solutions from the end of each question

Question 1 Simplify the following: a. 9ab 2 27ab 7 x + 14 y 21xy x 2 + 3x 4 x+4 x 2 6x + 8 x2 + x 6

b.

c.

d.

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Solution to question 1 a.
1 9ab 2 9 ab 2 b = 3 = 27ab 27 ab 3

b.

7 x + 14 y 7 ( x + 2y ) x + 2y = 3 = 3 xy 21xy 21xy
x 2 + 3 x 4 ( x 1) ( x + 4 ) = x 1 = x+4 ( x + 4)

Note: x 2 + 3 x 4
Product = -4 Sum = 3 Factors 1, 4

c.

! x 2 x + 4x 4 = x ( x 1) + 4 ( x 1) = ( x 1)( x + 4 )

d.

x 2 6x + 8 ( x 2) ( x 4 ) x 4 = = x2 + x 6 ( x 2) ( x + 3) x + 3

Note: x 2 6 x + 8
Product = 8 Sum = -6 Factors 2, -4

Note: x 2 + x 6
Product = -6 Sum = 1 Factors 2, 3

! x 2 2x 4 x + 8 = x ( x 2) 4 ( x 2) = ( x 2 )( x 4 )

! x 2 2x + 3 x 6 = x ( x 2) + 3 ( x 2) = ( x 2 )( x + 3 )

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Question 2

Simplify the following:

a.
3x x 7 3 3 1 + 2x 5x x 3 x +5 + 2 9 2 3 x 3 x +4

b.

c.

d.

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Solution to question 2 a.

3 x x 3 ( 3 x ) 7 x 9 x 7 x 2x = = = 7 3 21 21 ( 7 )( 3 ) 3 1 5 ( 3 ) + 2 (1) 15 + 2 17 + = = = 2x 5x 2 (5x ) 10 x 10 x x 3 x + 5 9 ( x 3 ) + 2 ( x + 5 ) 9 x 27 + 2 x + 10 11x 17 + = = = 2 9 18 18 ( 2 )( 9 ) 2 ( x + 4 ) 3 ( x 3 ) 2x + 8 3 x + 9 2 3 17 x = = = x 3 x +4 ( x 3 )( x + 4 ) ( x 3 )( x + 4 ) ( x 3 )( x + 4 )

b.

c.

d.

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Question 3

Make x the subject of the following formulae:

a. d. g. j. m.
Kx = G R 2

b. e. h. k. n.

z = S(x + t)
t +n =k x
y = cx

c. f. i. l.

g=

k 2 (m x ) a

xr e

=a

z z = y xy
a =G x
x n = x+2 n

x 3 = 4
y ( x a) = x + b x +1 =k x

x+y =2 xy x2 m k 2 k = n r

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Solution to question 3 a.

Kx = G R 2 Kx G R 2 = K K x= GR K
2

b.

z = S(x + t) z = Sx + St z St = Sx +St St z St Sx = S S z St =x S

c.

g= eg =

xr e e (x r )

d.

k 2 (m x ) a 2 ak ( m x ) a

=a = ( a )( a )

e eg = x r eg + r = x r + r eg + r = x

k 2m k 2 x = a 2 k 2 m k 2 x + k 2 x a 2 = a 2 + k 2 x a 2 k 2m a 2 k 2 x = 2 k2 k k 2m a 2 =x k2

e.

t +n =k x t + n n = k n x xt = x (k n ) x x (k n ) t = k n k n t =x k n

f.

z z = y xy z z + z = y + z xy xy z xy = xy ( y + z )

x y (y + z) z = y (y + z) y (y + z) z =x y (y + z)

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g.

x 3 = 4 x 3 = 42 (squaring both sides) x 3 +3 = 16 + 3 x = 19

h.

y = cx y2 = c x y 2 + x = c x +x y 2 + x y 2 = c y 2 x = c y2

i.

a x a x xa x a G2

=G = G2 = xG 2 =x (squaring)

j.

y ( x a) = x + b xy ay = x + b xy ay x +ay = x + b x + ay x ( y 1) = b + ay x ( y 1) y 1 = ay + b y 1 ay + b y 1 xy x = b + ay

x=
k.

x+y =2 xy

l.

x n = n ( x n) =
2

(x y ) (x + y )
xy

= 2( x y )

x+2 n n ( x + 2)

x + y = 2 x 2y x + y x + 2 y = 2 x 2 y x +2 y 3y = x

n nx n = x + 2 nx x = 2 + n 2

nx n 2 + n 2 x = x + 2 + n 2 x x ( n 1) n 1 2 + n2 n 1 2 + n2 n 1

x=

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m.

x +1 =k x x +1 = k 2 (squaring) x x ( x + 1) = k2x x x + 1x = k 2 x x x k2 1 1 = k2 1 k2 1 1 =x 2 k 1

n.

k k k

x2 m k 2 = n r x2 m k 2 = n kr

x2 m k = n r x2 m k 2 = 2 n r 2 n x m k 2n = 2 n r

x 2 m + m =

k 2n +m r2 k 2n +m r2

x=

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Question 4

A varies as directly as r 2 . If A = 16 , when r = 2 , calculate:

a. b.

the value of A, when r = 3 ; the value of r, when A = 64 .

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Solution to question 4

A varies as directly as r 2
! A r 2 ! A = kr 2 when A = 16 , r = 2

A = kr 2

16 = k 22 16 = 4k 16 =k 4

( )

! k = 4, and therefore A = 4r 2
a.

A = 4r 2

! A = 4 3 2 = 4 ( 9 ) = 36 b.

( )

A = 4r 2
! 64 = 4r 2 ! r 2 = 16 ! r = 4

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Question 5

The volume V of a given mass of gas varies inversely as the pressure P. When V = 3m3 , P = 400N/m2 . Find the volume when the pressure is P = 300N/m2 . Find the pressure when the volume is V = 6m3 .

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Solution to question 5

The volume V of a given mass of gas varies inversely as the pressure P. When V = 3m3 , P = 400N/m2 . Find the volume when the pressure is P = 300N/m2 . Find the pressure when the volume is V = 6m3 . 1 k V !V = P P When V = 3m3 , P = 400N/m2 . k V= P k 3= 400 k = ( 3 )( 400 ) = 1200 When P = 300N/m2 ! V = When V = 6m3 ! V =

!V =

1200 P

1200 1200 = = 4m3 P 300

1200 1200 1200 !6= !P = = 200N/m2 P P 6

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