MLS 5350 CAPSTONE COVER LEADERSHIP CAPSTONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM By VANCE A.

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April, 2009

Running header: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

Leadership Capstone War on Drugs and the War on Terroris !an"e A# Lea $ro%essor Dennis Soden& $h#D# MLS '(') Leadership Capstone *( Apri+ *)),

A5' &a, The +eadership o% the G+o-a+ War on Terror and the .ar on drugs para++e+s in ranging %ro u+tip+e aspe"ts&

the ne"essit/ to re ain proa"ti0e and agi+e in their guidan"e and dire"tion& to assed together# Those opposing a2eup o% the United

%ighting against the opposing %or"es that are not "entra++/

%or"es do not ha0e the sa e hierar"h/ or stru"ture as the organi1ationa+ States# Opposing a %or"e that is not "entra++/ "o

anded "reates a spe"i%i" +eadership "ha++enge#

Agi+it/& inte++igen"e& heightened a.areness& and strategi" %oresight are the too+s needed to gain the "o petiti0e ad0antage against the opposing %or"es# There are three spe"i%i" "ha++enges that +eadership %a"es .ithin the g+o-a+ .ar on terroris that are %o"used on and the .ar on drugs: 345 +eadership st/+es

eeting o-6e"ti0es& 3*5 "oordination and "ontro+ o% the peop+e to in"+ude a++

o% the di%%erent 0ariations and "o position o% the tea s the/ +ead& and 3(5 e0o+0ing the +eadership to "ontinua++/ i pro0e and -e"o e -etter .ith e0er/ e7perien"e# The area o% "on"ern regarding the paradig o-6e"ti0e o% "o shi%t in +eadership is& trans%or ing the +eadership st/+es %ro the

anding and "ontro++ing the a"tions o% others through a++ a0ai+a-+e resour"es&

and not 6ust through the use o% %or"e "entra++/ %o"used on one entit/#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM TABLE OF CONTENTS A-stra"t Ta-+e o% Contents List o% 8igures Figure 1. OODA Loop Introdu"tion G+o-a+ War on Terroris War on Drugs Continua+ Leadership I pro0e ent $+an Con"+usion:Re"o Re%eren"es <iographi"a+ State ent Leadership State ent endation 49 4 ( 4) 4( 4; *) ** *( ii iii

iii

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM Leadership Capstone War on Drugs and the War on Terroris On Septe -er 44& *))4& the United States entered into a ne. rea+

o% sa"ri%i"e and

opportunities %or +eaders o% the %ree .or+d# The terrorist atta"2s on A eri"a=s ho e %ront a.o2e the s+eeping +ion# Not sin"e the atta"2s on $ear+ Har-or did an atta"2 on the United States spar2ed su"h a rapid and de"isi0e a"tion against an ene /# The 6usti"e& oti0e& .hether re0enge or

i+itar/ %or"e and e"ono i" -a"2ing to right the .rongs o% those that .ere har ed

against the ene / -rought traged/ and sorro. to A eri"a=s -a"2/ard# The .ar against terroris did not ha0e a singu+ar nor distin"ti0e ene /# The strategi"

inds o% the U#S# go0ern ent 2ne. that terroristi" atta"2s& -oth %oreign and do esti"& .ere not going to -e hand+ed +ight+/ or .ithout ra i%i"ations# The g+o-a+ .ar on terror ga0e .a/ to the internationa+ i+itar/ "a paign to end terroris and to -ring sa%et/ to the "iti1ens# The and the .ar on drugs are nu erous& -ut one in and the .ar on

"orre+ations -et.een the g+o-a+ .ar on terroris

parti"u+ar& %or s the epi"enter o% the si i+arities# The g+o-a+ .ar on terroris

drugs do not ha0e spe"i%i" +arge targets to pre"ise+/ and a""urate+/ de onstrate %or"e against# The opposing %or"es are dispersed& high+/ trained& and e7tre e+/ hard to %ight# Leadership in -oth .ars is en"ountering signi%i"ant "ha++enges# In order %or the +eadership to +ead& the/ ust de0e+op a strategi" 0ision so that the/ "an dri0e& oti0ate and set

the "orre"t e7pe"tations %or their ta"ti"a+& operationa+ and strategi" -ased units# The %oundation o% the +eadership t/pes in -oth rea+ s o% terroris and drugs re>uire an agi+e and %+e7i-+e ade .ith

+eadership# De"isions shou+d -e -ased on+/ on the a0ai+a-+e in%or ation and

"on%iden"e and -o+dness# There are -oth strengths and .ea2nesses to the dashing and agi+e approa"h to +eadership& .hi"h is -ased on the "ore de"ision pro"ess that o""urs in an area .here

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

a sing+e de"ision .i++ resu+t in the gains and +osses o% +i%e and %reedo & -/ either the %or"es dra.ing do.n on terroris and drugs or the opposing %or"es# and i++ega+ drugs& it is

To %u++/ esta-+ish the opposing %or"es to "ounter terroris

i portant to ha0e a high+/ s2i++ed and "apa-+e +eadership in 2e/ ro+es throughout the organi1ations# The 2e/ to +eadership in these ro+es in0o+0es the a-i+it/ to see around "orners& e7pe"t the une7pe"ted& and re ain proa"ti0e in a++ situations# These attri-utes "an -e o0er.he+ ing and a/ ne0er -e %u++/ rea+i1ed# In order to %ight o%% g+o-a+ organi1ations that ands and e7e"utes on de"entra+i1ed "on"epts& it is i perati0e a2e the di%%i"u+t de"isions under strenuous

"o pose o% de"entra+i1ed "o

that the -est and -rightest +eaders are in p+a"e to

"ir"u stan"es# To understand the "o p+e7it/ o% +eadership and the "riti"a+ -+end o% artisti" interpretation and s"ienti%i" ethodo+og/& .e ust %irst understand the "riti"a+ needs in -oth

instan"es .hi+e a+so understanding the "orre+ation -et.een the # The .ar on drugs has -een an esta-+ished %or"e %or near+/ %ort/ /ears and there are .ar on terror# The per"eptions o% -oth the g+o-a+ .ar on terror and the .ar on drugs di%%er s+ight+/ -e"ause the sa"ri%i"es ade -/ the en and .o en %ighting the %or"e are not re"ei0ed -/ the anner# This a/ -e due to the %a"t that the .ar on an/ +essons +earned that -ene%it the g+o-a+

pu-+i" in the sa e positi0e and "heer%u+

drugs is an o+d and esta-+ished a"tion and the a"hie0e ents ha0e -e"o e an e7pe"ted resu+t o% the hard .or2 and dedi"ation inputted into the .ar on drug e>uation# The g+o-a+ .ar on terror has eaning%u+ o-6e"ti0es& and g+o-a++/ i pa"ting resu+ts .hen 2no.n terrorists are either atter ho. +ong or dra.n out the pro"ess is# Lessons "an -e ta2en on -oth

"aptured or 2i++ed& no

sides to either understand ho. to ensure the .or+d does not -e"o e "o p+a"ent .ith either .ars& or ho. o-6e"ti0es and su""esses are presented to the pu-+i"# This is a +eadership trait that

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

so eti es %a++s short# It is +eadership=s responsi-i+it/ to 0oi"e the e%%orts and hard .or2 that goes into the g+o-a+ .ar on terroris a.a/ %ro A eri"a=s %uture# as .e++ as e%%orts needed to 2eep drugs o%% the streets and

With the g+o-a+ .ar on terror and the .ar on drugs& +eadership is in a "onstant state o% "hange and progression# Continua+ i pro0e ent and de0e+op ent o% +eadership on -oth %ronts a++o. a "o petiti0e ad0antage against the opposing %or"es# There is ore than training and a2e sure the right eans a u+titude

edu"ation needed to 2eep 2e/ +eadership up to the tas2& it is a+so i portant to peop+e are in the right p+a"e at the right ti e to o% "ross?%un"tiona+ and a -+ending o% +eadership a2e the right de"isions# This

a2eup is ne"essar/# Genders& "u+tures&

-a"2grounds& heritage& "reeds& se7ua+ orientation and a p+ethora o% other %a"tors go into "o prising the +eadership o% -oth A eri"a=s +eadership and the "oa+ition %or"es that support the g+o-a+ .ar on terroris and .ar on drugs# Cu+tura+ a.areness& sensiti0it/ training& e ersion and

other ta"ti"s are ne"essar/ to -roaden the s"ope and 0ision o% the +eadership to ensure a s/nergisti" approa"h to pro-+e so+0ing and getting the end?state o-6e"ti0es a"hie0ed .ith +itt+e

or no "o++atera+ or %or"e da age as possi-+e# G+(5a+ Wa& (# T"&&(&$'. The G+o-a+ War on Terror=s %oundation is -ased on -ringing together the entities a"ross the g+o-e to sho. a united %ront against terrorist and those .ho support terrorists# Leadership ranging %ro the president o% the United States& to the non"o issioned o%%i"ers +eading

e7peditionar/ %or"es into the ho e+and o% the terrorist "e++s& ha0e -een %o"used on de%eating the terrorists through o-6e"ti0es# The does not i+itar/ ight and through the o%%ensi0e destru"tion o% 2e/ ad0ersaria+

i+itar/ do"trine that has pro0en e%%e"ti0e in the traditiona+ .ars o% the past&

eet the de and and a+ternati0e ta"ti"s needed %or the "ontinued .ar on terror#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM Nationa+ se"urit/ is at ris2 e0er/ .a2ing -ring har

o ent o% the da/ and night against those .ho .ant to

and de0astation to our +and and our peop+e#

The o%%ensi0e strateg/ -/ the <ush ad inistration %o"used hea0i+/ on an o%%ensi0e "a paign against a+ @aeda a-road& -ut neg+e"ted to %o"us on the other areas needed to re ain su""ess%u+ in the .ar on terror 3!an E0era& *)445# In a traditiona+ .ar& the -att+e .as ta2en to the ho e %ront o% the opposing %or"e# The resu+ts o% the atta"2 .ere ore than destro/ing their

in%rastru"ture and troops# The resu+ts a+so put the pressure on the inha-itants o% the in0aded "ountr/# This put the -urden o% the .ar on the "i0i+ians o% the opposing %or"es& and a++o.ed the "i0i+ians on the U#S# ho e %ront to go a-out their dai+/ +i0es o% supporting the troops %ro rear .ith en"ourage ent and heart# There are three other areas that .ere needed to -e addressed -/ +eadership# These areas in"+ude %orti%/ing ho e+and se"urit/ and de%ense& "o and and "ontro+ o% .eapons o% ass destru"tion the

and "ontinua+ i pro0e ent o% our +eadership on the %ie+d and the too+s to .in the .ar# A+though this is not a "riti>ue o% the +eadership de"isions ade during the George <ush Sr#=s

ad inistration& it is i portant to understand the transition -et.een traditiona+ and non traditiona+ .ars %ought in "o -at# Additiona++/& strengthening the %oundation at ho e .i++ se"ure the sa%et/ and %reedo o% the U#S# "iti1ens# The t/pes o% -att+es %ought -/ toda/=s i+itar/ in0o+0e un"+ear

purpose .hi"h "ou+d potentia++/ +ead to +ess than desira-+e e%%e"ts su"h as +oss o% +i0es& -att+es and e0en the .ar# To .in the .ar on terroris & +eadership ene /# Crashing air+iners into -ui+dings and ust understand the too+s that are a0ai+a-+e to the ai+ing anthra7 +a"ed -o7es to %edera+ -ui+dings

are the tip o% the i"e-erg .hen it "o es to readi+/ a0ai+a-+e too+s %or the opposing %or"es# The +eadership=s indset needs to "hange %ro at"hing .eapons& tan2s& air do inan"e& and troop

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM si1e to understanding ho. to o0erseas +o"ations& itigate the root "ause o% the issues# When %or"es are

'

o0ed to

onetar/ %unds are %+o.ing out o% the -udgets o% de%ense and se"urit/ into an/ positi0e aspe"ts& isappropriated

+ogisti"s and support %un"tions# The -att+es in A%ghanistan and Ira> ha0e

-ut a+so pro0ided nu erous ad0antages to and %or the terrorist# E0er/ do++ar o%

%unds to support the g+o-a+ .ar on terror strengthens their potentia+ %or terrorist a"ti0ities# In *))4 and into *))*& the United States pro0ided the ne"essar/ support and %or"es to e7pe+ the Ta+i-an i+itants in hopes to separate the head o% the serpent %ro the -od/# A+ @aeda

had its +eadership re o0ed %ro

its operationa+ %or"e and in the 0ie. o% the United StatesA this asso"iated .ith this

0i"tor/ .as per"ei0ed as a great su""ess 3!an E0era& *)445# The pro-+e

per"eption is that a+though there .as a separation and de"entra+i1ation o% +eadership& the +ingering %or"es .as sti++ potent and a-+e to "ause great destru"tion and har ethods o% terroris # Separating the +eadership %ro through "ontinued

its %o++o.ers .ou+d -ring do.n traditiona+

go0ern ents and "ru -+e the "ountr/=s in%rastru"ture# The United States .ou+d need to "hange their dire"tion and uti+i1e a di%%erent +eadership st/+e that in"+udes an agi+e approa"h# $re0enting an atta"2 against our ho e+and or the "iti1ens a-road is easier said than done# The one?di ensiona+ .ar .aged against these terroristi" threats %a++s short o% pro0iding the ne"essar/ pre0ention or de0astating a%%e"ts to render the terrorist threats in"apa"itated# 8or e7a p+e& throughout histor/& a+ @aeda has +i0ed under the -urden and oppression o% the .estern in%+uen"e and there%ore used terroris as a "hange agent# Terroris is the pri ar/ "ata+/st %or

"hange un+ess another "ountr/ "o es to their aid -/ engaging in a traditiona+ .ar# The "ha++enges %a"ed regarding the .ar on terroris are the +a"2 o% "entra+i1ed %o"us %or resour"es&

and the e+e ent o% unpredi"ta-i+it/ around the a"tions o% terrorists#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

Ti oth/ M"!eigh .as a terrorist# Osa a -in Laden .as a terrorist# The <oston Tea $art/ .as an a"t o% terroris # The atte pt to destro/ the Eng+ish par+ia ent in 4B)' .as a terroristi" a"t# Cohn <ro.n .as an a-o+itionist .hi"h +ed u+tip+e terrorist atta"2s against the

ar or/ at Harpers 8err/& .hi"h at the ti e .as "a++ed treason# A++ o% these peop+e and a"ts are 0ie.ed in di%%erent .a/s depending on .hi"h side o% histor/ the person reading a-out these e0ents %a++# The ain %o"us is on the +eadership interpretation and ho. a rea"tionar/ a"tion the a"tions per%or ed .ere una-+e to

needs to trans+ate into a proa"ti0e a"tion# The resu+ts %ro -e de%ended against& due to the un"on0entiona+ The g+o-a+ .ar on terroris -att+e# As/ etri"a+ is a ter

ethods in .hi"h the a"ts .ere "arried out# ethods in an as/ etri"a+

is a .ar %ought .ith t/pi"a+

used to de%ine the i -a+an"e o% %or"es regarding e"ono i"& i+itar/ strengths o% -oth sides di%%er

popu+ation& or other aspe"ts that "an i pa"t the .ar# The

great+/ in si1e& te"hno+og/& resour"es& and training -ut their di%%eren"es produ"e 0ast+/ di%%erent strategies and ta"ti"s to a""o p+ish their respe"ti0e goa+s and o-6e"ti0es# In the 0ie.s %ro perspe"ti0es& the "o -oth

uni"ation o% .hether the %or"es are terrorists or part o% a non?traditiona+ etri"a+ .ar%are and terroris & there are traditiona++/ etri" .ar%are is in"reasing+/

i+itar/ %or"e are 0aried# Regarding as/ t.o 0ie.s on ho. the/ re+ate# In the

odern "onte7t& as/

"onsidered a "o ponent o% %ourth generation .ar%are# When pra"ti"ed outside the +a.s o% .ar& it is o%ten de%ined as terroris & though rare+/ -/ its pra"titioners or their supporters 3Cor-in& *))45# In as/ etri"a+ .ar%are& there are genera++/ t.o groups opposing ea"h other& a +arger group etri"a+ .ar%are& the +arger group .i++ eans to gain support and

against a s a++er group# In this instan"e o% as/

"ategori1e the s a++er group as terrorist "e++ and use this 0er-iage as 6usti%/ "ounter a"tions# In turn& the s a++er group o% the as/ a"tions against the +arger group through

etri"a+ .ar%are .i++ respond .ith

eans o% propaganda and other a"tions#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM $rior to the atta"2s on the Wor+d Trade Center in the United States& the a+ @aeda

operationa+ +ineage "an -e tra"ed -a"2 to the .ar .ith the So0iet Union -eginning in 4,;, 3Giusto11i& *)))5# The re+ationship -et.een the United States and A%ghanistan dates -a"2 to 4,*4 .hen the Treat/ o% Ra.a+pindi .as signed -et.een the "o+onia+ <ritish India and A%ghanistan 3The <ritish Li-rar/ <oard& *)4*5# This .as the %irst -ridge -et.een the U#S# and A%ghanistan that a++o.ed the %oundation %or a dip+o ati" re+ationship# The %oundation .as in p+a"e& -ut a proa"ti0e approa"h to %urthering the re+ationship did not start to ta2e ho+d unti+ po+i"/ a2ers in "ongress too2 on a ne. 0ie. on he+ping de0e+oping nations in"rease their

standard o% +i0ing# The prior re+ationship -et.een A%ghanistan and the U#S# he+ped raise the a.areness o% their so"io?e"ono i"a+ needs .hi"h put A%ghanistan=s needs to the %ore%ront o% other nations# A+though progress .as s+o.& u+tip+e steps .ere ta2en to ad0an"e the re+ationship# One

o% the steps ta2en .as the assign ent o% U#S# ad0isors and %oreign re+ations o%%i"ers to A%ghanistan to in"rease the 0isi-i+it/ o% the e%%ort and U#S# presen"e in A%ghanistan# The .or+d .as re"o0ering %ro Wor+d War II in the 4,')=s& and a+though A%ghanistan

too2 sides against the U#S# during the .ar& the/ had the auda"it/ to re>uest %inan"ia+ assistan"e %ro the U# S# The re>uest .as %or their de%ense spending& ho.e0er& the re>uest .as denied due

to the %a"t that the "ountr/ did not support U#S# e%%orts during the .ar# $ro0iding de%ense support to a "ountr/ that .as unsupporti0e to the o-6e"ti0es o% the U#S# did not see +i2e a o%

po+iti"a++/ %riend+/ road to ta2e# In +ieu o% the de%ense support& an e7tension in the %or

e"ono i" assistan"e %or roads& da s& po.er generation and other %or s %or the "ountr/=s in%rastru"ture .as pro0ided 3Giusto11i& *)))5#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

In ter s o% a +eadership perspe"ti0e& it .as a good step %or.ard in pro0iding assistan"e to a %+ai+ing "ountr/# Through hindsight& the United States pro0ided 6ust enough assistan"e to -ring the standard o% +i0ing up to a suita-+e status& -ut did not -e"o e %u++/ "o itted to the "ountr/

in ter s o% its regu+ator/ i position# The in"reased U#S# presen"e& support& and %inan"ia+ aid .ere not a-+e to gain .idespread in%+uen"e& nor did it guarantee an/thing in return %ro A%ghanistan# A%ghanistan -ene%ited great+/ %ro the neutra+ position it he+d during WWII& and +ater its

position during the Co+d War in .hi"h it did not a+ign .ith either the United States or So0iet Union# As the "o petition -et.een the United States and the So0iet Union es"a+ated in the ar s ra"e& s"ienti%i" -rea2throughs& spa"e ra"e and an/ other aspe"t o% hu anit/& the needs o% A%ghanistan -e"a e in%erior to the priorities and de ands o% the Co+d War# The A%ghans .ere ta2ing a strategi" stan"e that .ou+d -e"o e their "ountr/=s "ore tenant o% sur0i0a+ -/ not a+igning the se+0es .ith an/ singu+ar entit/& and -/ gaining support %ro .hoe0er .ou+d ore

pro0ide it# <oth the United States and the So0iet Union "o peted -/ -ui+ding

in%rastru"ture and pro0iding %unding %or te"hni"a+ assistan"e& and de0e+op ent in order to -ui+d the s2i++s ne"essar/ %or a odern e"ono /# Through se+%?satis%/ing ethods& A%ghanistan p+a/ed

-oth sides o% the %ie+d and -ene%ited %ro opposing "ountries#

the in%+u7 o% %unding and e%%ort pro0ided -/ the

This t/pe o% "o petition -et.een the United States and the So0iet Union did not +ast the entire Co+d War due to the in"reased reparations %or support that ea"h "ountr/ .anted in return %or their "ontinued support# As the Co+d War progressed& the tensions -et.een A%ghanistan and the So0iet Union es"a+ated due to the in"reased i+itar/ and strategi" interest in the "ontro+ o% unist regi e to ta2e "ontro+ o%

A%ghanistan=s resour"es# The United States did not .ant a "o

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM A%ghanistan& as it .as the United States "ore phi+osoph/ to stop the spread o% "o an/ regards& the stop o% "o unis "an -e seen as the stop o% terroris

unis # In

in toda/=s

g+o-a+i1ation phi+osoph/ o% the United States "ore 0a+ues# Initia++/& A%ghanistan had a treat/ .ith the So0iets regarding i+itar/ assistan"e in ti es o% need# This ti e o% need arose .hen the

Mu6ahedeen re-e+s "ontinued atta"2s against high i pa"t targets o% A%ghanistan 3Giusto11i& *)))5# As the in"reased support %ro the So0iet Union %+ooded into the A%ghan region& the unis & and a threat to de o"ra"/

United States too2 noti"e and sa. this as a spread o% "o

.hi"h dire"t+/ i pa"ted the goa+s and o-6e"ti0es o% the United States 3Giusto11i& *)))5# The United States has a +ong and "haoti" re+ationship .ith A%ghanistan .hi"h re+ates dire"t+/ to ho. the United States +eadership asso"iates to terroris the U#S#=s e%%orts to stop the spread o% "o %or"es and as/ unis and the .ar on terroris # In

the/ pro0ided a -reeding ground %or guerri++a

etri"a+ .ar %ighting te"hni>ues# The +eadership=s responsi-i+it/ to understand so+utions in re+ation to +ong ter i pa"t is 0ita+ .hen %a"ing

the ra i%i"ations o% their short ter a de"entra+i1ed and

u+ti?"ountr/ opponent that does not ha0e a sing+e %o"a+ point or a

distinguisha-+e %a"e to pro0ide a %or"e against# This histori"a+ signi%i"an"e o% the g+o-a+ .ar on terror and ho. it .as %irst initiated p+a/s a "ru"ia+ ro+e in ho. the su""esses and a"hie0e ents are e7perien"ed -/ those supporting and %ighting in the .ar# The sustain ent o% surge +e0e+ %or"es is not rea+isti" in an/ .ar& and the negati0e side e%%e"ts o% .ar su"h as de"+ining support& protest& and troop disengage ent are so greater in a .ar .ith no "+ear and de"isi0e end point# This is a "ha++enge %or +eadership to %u++/ understand the issues to re ed/ the situations to the -est o% their a-i+it/# The .ar o% attrition is -eing %ought on -oth sides o% the -att+e%ie+d& and .hen the pu-+i" does not sho. ore

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM support %or the go0ern ent=s e%%ort& it re ains a di%%i"u+t situation %or the troops to positi0e and a0id desire that is needed %or 0i"tor/# Wa& (# D&20' In regard to strategi" intent and potentia+ %or

4)

aintain a

ission su""ess& the .ar on drugs is an

underta2ing .ith a greater a -iguit/ than the .ar on terroris # Going into the .ar on drugs& it shou+d -e 2no.n that the .ar is in "ontinuous otion and the o-6e"ti0e is to itigate the ris2s o%

drugs "o ing into the United States and i pa"ting the "iti1ens# The pri ar/ o-6e"ti0e o% the .ar on drugs in si p+isti" ter s is to redu"e the i++ega+ drug trade# $resident Ri"hard Ni7on %irst used the ter EWar on DrugsF in 4,;4 3N$R& *)4*5 and de"+ared drug a-use as pu-+i" ene /

nu -er 4# With this de"+aration "a e the in"reased presen"e and si1e o% the %edera+ drug "ontro+ agen"ies# There .as a+so a shi%t in the "ategori1ation o% "ertain drugs to in"rease reper"ussions %or the use and distri-utions o% "ertain drugs# Leadership deter ined at the ti e that it .ou+d need a -igger sti"2 to ha er do.n "onse>uen"es upon o%%enders so that .hen in%ra"tions a2e e7a p+es out o% those .ho "o o0ing the "+assi%i"ation o% itted

happened& the punish ents .ere harsh& and .ou+d the drug re+ated in%ra"tions# One su"h step in"+uded S"hedu+e One .hi"h is the

ari6uana up to

ost restri"ti0e "ategor/ on drugs 3Ger-er& *))95# ight and %or"e si1e& the Ni7on ad inistration pu++ed out a++ uni"ation to the peop+e a-out the negati0e side e%%e"ts& and

In addition to the in"reased the stops and deter ined that "o

+i%e a+tering reper"ussions asso"iated .ith i++ega+ drug use .as needed to %urther the e%%orts .ithin the .ar on drugs# The Drug En%or"e ent Ad inistration .as "reated to rep+a"e the su-standard and i"ro?i pa"t%u+ <ureau o% Nar"oti"s and Dangerous Drugs# A%ter Ni7on=s

initia+ .a0e o% support through the esta-+ish ent o% di%%erent organi1ationa+ entities& pu-+i" "o uni"ation a-out the ha1ards o% drug use and pro0iding the appropriate +egis+ation to upho+d

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

44

6usti"e& -e"a e the ne7t .a0e o% in%+uen"e o""urring under $resident <ush=s ad inistration in the 4,D)=s# The -iggest i pa"t $resident <ush=s ad inistration had on the .ar on drugs in"+uded the in0o+0e ent o% i+itar/ %or"es and the Centra+ Inte++igen"e Agen"/# This in"+uded the ission o-6e"ti0es# Here& the

in"orporation o% the drug interdi"tion e%%orts into their "ore go0ern ent .as supposed+/ %u++/ "o United States -/ sho.ing %u++ "o

itted to the eradi"ation o% i++ega+ drug a"ti0it/ .ithin the

it ent to putting the appropriate %or"es -ehind the "ause#

In retrospe"t& the .ar on drugs started in the 4,;)=s .ith the esta-+ish ent o% a "ore %o"us& and .ith a "o on ission to e+i inate i++ega+ drug a"ti0it/ throughout the United States#

$resident Ni7on in"reased the %ront +ine troops and esta-+ished a hierar"h/ .ithin the Drug En%or"e ent Ad inistration 3DEA5 to +ead the .ar on drugs# There .as a+so a "o uni"ation

p+an detai+ing the dangers o% drug use and a-uses as .e++ as the ra i%i"ations i pose to a person "aught ta2ing part in the i++ega+ drug trade# When that .as not enough& the ad inistration in"reased the punish ents on "ertain drug in%ra"tions so that the %ront +ine %or"es had +arger i pa"ts to the "ri ina+s# No. that a "hain o% "o and .as esta-+ished and additiona+ support

and resour"es .ere a0ai+a-+e& the go0ern ent .as %u++/ engaged in .aging a .ar against the drug epide i"# On paper& the e+e ents to .in a .ar .ere in p+a"e ho.e0er& .ars are not %ought on paper and the .ar on drugs .as not a traditiona+ .ar in an/ regard# The .ar on drugs is 6ust as as/ etri"a+ as an/ t/pe o% .ar "an -e# Greed and aneu0er and outthin2 the

pro%ita-i+it/ pushes so+diers and +eaders o% the opposing %or"es to

esta-+ished and o+d pro"esses that .ere instituted -/ the presidentia+ ad inistrations# The .a/ .e need to %ight the .ar on drugs toda/ is -ased on ho. the drug "arte+s and tra%%i"2ers esta-+ished their presen"e ear+/ in the .ar# The/ re ained %+e7i-+e .ith on+/ the end state in

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

4*

ind and not ne"essari+/ the su""eeding steps to get there# As a resu+t o% the hierar"hi"a+ rigor o% the United States& the .ar on drugs .as dee ed a %ai+ure -/ the United Nations in Cune *)44 3ONDC$& *)445# The announ"e ent that the .ar on drugs has %ai+ed shou+d not "o e to an/one=s surprise# A%ter %ort/ p+us /ears& the .ar on drugs is sti++ raging and in an/ regards& is

ore intense then pre0ious+/ and has +itt+e i pa"t to the drug grip on the present A eri"a# Through a +eadership perspe"ti0e& the entire s"ope o% the .ar on drugs .as too -ig o% a tas2 to underta2e .ithout proper+/ e7a ining the o-6e"ti0es and deter ining .hat o-6e"ti0es are a"hie0a-+e& and .hen the/ are a"hie0a-+e# A -+an2et state ent o% %ighting an a++?en"o passing .ar against an un2no.n ene / and .ith un2no.n resour"es& sets the go0ern ent up %or %ai+ure %ro the 0er/ -eginning# The resour"es .ere thro.n at a pro-+e .ithout the proper easura-+e o-6e"ti0es# The

"on"entration& prioriti1ation& or a++o"ation to.ard spe"i%i" and go0ern ent=s hands .ere -ound to per%or

"ertain a"ti0ities a++o.ing a gap -et.een .hat .as ade in Washington DC# uni"ation +ead

o""urring on the streets and a-road .ith the de"isions that .ere -eing Centra+i1ed "o

and .as apparent& -ut de+egation o% authorit/ and un"+ear "o

to the go0ern ent operating in a rea"ti0e response state# This opposes the +eadership ethodo+og/ that %o"uses on a proa"ti0e and authoritati0e de eanor ne"essar/ to s other out the i++ega+ drug a"ti0ities at the sour"e# Leadership shou+d a2ing a-i+it/# The "o aintain "o and and "ontro+ .hi+e re aining agi+e in its de"ision

uni"ations "hanne+s need to re ain open -oth 0erti"a++/ and essage is presented throughout the organi1ation# easure su""ess& and a+so pro0ide a ti e+ine

hori1onta++/ to ensure a "+ear and "on"ise A+so& "+ear and

easura-+e o-6e"ti0es are needed to

and pro"ess %or %uture i pro0e ent#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM C(# $#2a+ L"a3"&'!$- I.-&(%"."# P+a# There are "ontinua+ "ha++enges %or +eadership in -oth the g+o-a+ .ar on terroris .ar on drugs& -ut +oo2ing -a"2 at -oth o% these onu enta+ underta2ings to end terroris

4(

and the and

stop the i++ega+ use& sa+e and distri-ution o% drugs are "ore +eadership aspe"ts that

ust re ain in

%o"us# At the operationa+ +e0e+& there .i++ a+.a/s -e a need to a"hie0e operationa+ o-6e"ti0es and tas2 that shou+d %a++ in +ine .ith operationa+ goa+s and o-6e"ti0es that %i+ter its .a/ up to the strategi" intent o% the entire organi1ation# At the 0er/ "ore o% operations& there is a too+ that "an -e used to shape the operationa+ +e0e+ in su"h a .a/ that agi+it/ is sti++ 0ita+& .here-/ uti+i1ing ne.+/ a">uired in%or ation .ou+d -etter per it +eadership to Co+one+ Cohn <o/d "reated .hat is no. 2no.n as the OODA +oop# The a"ron/ represents o-ser0e& i+itar/ a2e in%or ed de"isions#

orient& de"ide and a"t 3Gotnour& *)))5# As a

strategist& Co+one+ <o/d 2ne. it .as ne"essar/ to "ontinue through a +oop in the pro-+e de"ision so+0ing and
Figure 1: OODA

a2ing pro"ess to %urther hone and pro"ess

ne.+/ introdu"ed in%or ation# Co+one+ <o/d=s o-ser0ation o% this t/pe o% operation o""urred to Loop hi .hi+e %ighting a traditiona+ .ar o0er the Gorean s2ies 3<aner& 4,,,5# He .as the pi+ot o% the aneu0era-i+it/ o% the 8?DB .as u"h greater due to the

Air 8or"e=s 8?DB# He noti"ed that the

te"hno+ogi"a+ ad0an"e ents in the h/drau+i" s/ste s than that o% his opponents in the Mig?4's# This "o petiti0e ad0antage a++o.ed the U#S# %ighter pi+ots to put the Mig?4's into "o pro ising situations .hi"h +ead to the air superiorit/ o0er the Gorean s2ies# The "ore %un"tiona+it/ o% this ta"ti" +ed to the de0e+op ent o% the OODA +oop .hi"h a++o.ed "ontinua+ i pro0e ent on pre0ious de"isions .ith ne. input .hi+e a+so e7e"uting

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

49

de"isions a+ong the .a/# This OODA +oop a+so pro0ided a %ra e.or2 %or re%eren"e in regard to gaining insight into the opposing ene / %or"es o-6e"ti0es& and ho. the/ .ere going to a"hie0e their o-6e"ti0es# </ getting inside the ene ies OODA +oop& +eadership "ou+d -etter predi"t or anti"ipate their ne7t the atta"2# The %oundations o% +eadership in re+ation to the g+o-a+ .ar on terroris and the .ar on o0e& and "onsider pre"autionar/ easures to itigate potentia+ +oss %ro

drugs are "+ose+/ asso"iated .ith the United States Air 8or"e tenants o% aerospa"e po.er# These tenants pro0ide a distin"t t/pe o% +eadership prin"ip+e that he+p guide and i++u inate the .a/ to un"+ear o-6e"ti0es su"h as %ighting terroris & or %ighting a .ar on drugs# These tenants are: Centra+i1ed Contro+ and De"entra+i1ed E7e"ution 8+e7i-i+it/ and !ersati+it/ S/nergisti" E%%e"ts $ersisten"e Con"entration $riorit/ <a+an"e

Ea"h one o% these tenants pro0ides +eadership the 2e/ areas .hi"h to %o"us and support an e0er "hanging ission# The pro-+e .ith %ighting an e0er e0o+0ing and "hanging opponent is uni"ation o%

that .inning a+ ost a+.a/s in0o+0es "hange& reorgani1ation& re0a ping and "o

those "hanges 0erti"a++/ and hori1onta++/ throughout the organi1ation# Centra+i1ed "ontro+ and de"entra+i1ed e7e"ution puts the +eadership po.er in the hands o% a "ore group o% +eaders# This a++o.s %a"i+itation o% the "o uni"ation o% the goa+s and o-6e"ti0es to the %ie+d .hi+e a+so

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM pro0iding an e po.ering situation %or the %ie+d "o anders to e7e"ute their

4'

ission# This

resu+ts in de+egation o% authorit/ to the +e0e+ in .hi"h de"isions "an -e in%or ation is ne. and %resh to the %ront +ine "o

ade& and .here

anders# This +eadership tenant a++o.s

situationa+ a.areness and response .hi+e a+so re aining %+e7i-+e in ta"ti"a+ and operationa+ a"ti0ities# The %+e7i-i+it/ and 0ersati+it/ re ains a 2e/ ingredient to %ighting the .ar on terror and on drugs# With the opposing %or"es a+.a/s o0ing and p+anning& +eadership=s 0igi+an"e and

%+e7i-i+it/ a++o. the e7p+oitation o% the opponent=s .ea2nesses# E7er"ising +eadership trait o% %+e7i-i+it/ is ore than 6ust rea"ting to the opposing %or"es a"tions# It en"o passes ta2ing in the o+ding the a0ai+a-+e resour"es into the ust a+so understand that a++

entire s"ope o% the situation into "onsideration and

ne"essar/ responses# Whi+e re aining %+e7i-+e& +eadership resour"es ha0e a set use and not e0er/ o-6e"ti0e "an -e

et .ith a++ the a0ai+a-+e resour"es#

The prioriti1ation o% resour"es -/ +eadership puts the right too+s in p+a"e to so+0e "ertain issues# With +i ited resour"es& the prioriti1ation o% o-6e"ti0es a++o.s the %o"us o% the pri ar/ and "riti"a+ o-6e"ti0es to -e et .hi+e 2eeping the ission=s

inutia o% the se"ondar/ and tertiar/ eeting the goa+s and

o-6e"ti0es .ithin the s"ope& -ut not pu++ing "riti"a+ resour"es a.a/ %or o-6e"ti0es o% +eadership# When %ighting in a g+o-a+ "on%+i"t& there are %ro

u+tip+e opportunities to -ring in resour"es

di%%erent units and "ountries# Uti+i1ing "ross?%un"tiona+ 6oint %or"e opportunities to so+0e

the pro-+e s in -oth the g+o-a+ .ar on terror and the .ar on drugs "reates a s/nergisti" approa"h to .ar %ighting# Uti+i1ing resour"es in a s/nergisti" .a/ and "oordinating units in a .a/ to uti+i1e the strengths o% one unit to "o p+i ent the .ea2nesses o% another "reate a "ohesi0e unit

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

4B

that has the potentia+ to "reate a disproportionate pressure on those %ighting the .ar on drugs and terror "e++s g+o-a++/# Leadership has the responsi-i+it/ and a""ounta-i+it/ o% anaging the .ar# The -a+an"e o%

the .ar +ies upon the shou+ders o% the +eadership# <a+an"e re%ers to the "are%u+ "oordination o% opportunities& ne"essities& e%%e"ti0eness& e%%i"ien"/ and o0era++ i pa"t o% a""o p+ishing the goa+s and o-6e"ti0es .ith the inherent ris2 in0o+0ed in the ission# The ris2:-ene%it ana+/sis puts the ust a2e a

a""ounta-i+it/ o% o0era++ su""ess into a 0isua+i1ation that the +eadership

deter ination on .hether or not the inputs o% peop+e& e%%ort and ti e %or su""ess out.eighs the potentia+ +oss that "ou+d o""ur# Training and edu"ation "an pro0ide the too+s ne"essar/ to the de"ision -ut e7perien"e and %oresight are "ru"ia+ to a2ing the right de"isions# a2e

The a ount o% resour"es and %o"us o% those resour"es re%ers to the "on"entration o% %or"e# Gno.ing ho. u"h pressure is enough %or su""ess& not o0ere7tending the troops& and that +eaderships ission

su""ess is an art %or "riti"a+ o-6e"ti0e

ust understand and pra"ti"e on a dai+/ -asis# Ea"h

a/ -e a-+e to -e a""o p+ished i% a++ troop resour"es are app+ied to a terrorist

"e++ or i% a++ DEA agents stor ed the %ront doors o% the drug 2ingpins= ho e& -ut that a ount o% surge in %or"e is not sustaina-+e nor is it e"ono i"a++/ %easi-+e to a""o p+ish ea"h ti e# The a ount o% "on"entration o% %or"e is 0ita+ in .inning the .ar and not 6ust the -att+e# When ti es get tough& the tough sti"2 it out# $ersisten"e in en%or"e ent a"tions& separate short ter i+itar/ and drug "hanges in the

set-a"2s into esta-+ished and +ong ter

.ar e%%orts# Strategi" targets& supp+/ "hains& and drug "o

uni"ation "hanne+s "an -e destro/ed

in one da/ and re-ui+t the ne7t# $ersisten"e o% %or"e separates .inning the .ar and o0er"o ing de%eat# Leadership ust understand that persisten"e and perse0eran"e .i++ .in throughout& and a2e the right de"isions and

i% a++ the other tenants are %o++o.ed and the +eadership is in p+a"e to

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM +ead .ith integrit/ and a service before self %ortitude needed to -e a su""ess# C(#,+2'$(#6R",(.."#3a $(# To %o++o. through the entire gestation o% -oth the .ar on terroris it is e0ident that there are

4;

enta+it/& the .ars "an endure .ith the intestina+

and the .ar on drugs& -oth

an/ si i+arities -et.een the t.o# The +essons +earned %ro

%ronts in"+ude& as a top priorit/ "+ear and

easurea-+e strategi" o-6e"ti0es .ith proper+/ a+igned

operationa+ goa+s and o-6e"ti0es that ea"h +e0e+ o% the organi1ation "an %u++/ integrate their a"ti0ities into supporting the o0era++ -et.een su""ess and %ai+ure& ission# In order to so+0e the pro-+e o% a -iguit/

easura-+e goa+s and o-6e"ti0es pre0ent the un"ertaint/# There a+so

needs to ha0e an e0a+uation regarding %easi-i+it/ o% the entire .ar# S"enario p+anning& .ar ga ing& resour"e p+anning& s"hedu+e deter ination& "urrent o-+igations and +ong ter i pa"ts

are 6ust a %e. o% the areas o% "on"ern that needs to -e addressed .hen assigning prioriti1ation and resour"es to the o-6e"ti0es# 8o++o.ing the tenants o% "entra+i1ed "ontro+ de"entra+i1e e7e"ution& %+e7i-i+it/& 0ersati+it/& s/nergisti" e%%e"ts& persisten"e& "on"entration& priorit/ and -a+an"e pro0ides the %ra e.or2 and -est pra"ti"es approa"h to the esta-+ish ent o% a su""ess%u+ +eadership p+an in ta2ing on non? traditiona+ .ars through agi+e and proa"ti0e strategies# Learning %ro the .ar on drugs .i++ he+p the .ar on terroris and

a2e -etter de"isions as .e "ontinue to %ight -oth .ars& interna++/ and ust pro0ide "+ear ade on

e7terna++/ a"ross the g+o-e# Leadership throughout the organi1ation "o uni"ation regarding data& i pa"t& o-sta"+es and re"o

endations that are -eing

the %ronts o% -oth .ars# The i pa"ts o% these .ars in"+ude +ong ter detri ents to the A eri"an .a/ o% +i%e and

put our +i%e& +i-ert/ and pursuit o% happiness at ris2# A++ o% .hi"h %or s the %oundation in .hi"h

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

4D

our "ountr/ .as %ounded# These ina+iena-+e rights out+ined in the Constitution o% the United States ust -e prote"ted# With disproportionate rea"tions and isguided e%%orts& the %or"es that

oppose our %reedo %reedo #

"ou+d e0entua++/ garner the upper hand and "ontro+ that .hi"h is our

The o-sta"+es 2eeping the United States %ro terroris

a"hie0ing su""ess in -oth the .ar on

and the .ar on drugs is in the +eaderships a-i+it/ to "+ear+/ de%ine .hat su""ess +oo2s

+i2e& and then ta2ing that pi"ture and insti++ing the o-6e"ti0es and goa+s throughout the organi1ation so that .e are a++ %ighting to.ard a "o on and a"hie0a-+e goa+# Uti+i1ing our

+i ited resour"es to the -est o% our a-i+it/& and garnering the greatest return on our in0est ent as possi-+e& a++o.s the greatest i pa"t to -e the o-sta"+e o% "+ear and "on"ise "o and do.n the "hain o% "o ade to.ard our goa+s and o-6e"ti0es# There is a+so

uni"ation -et.een +eadership and their troops& -oth up uni"ation -et.een those %ighting the .ar and

and& as .e++ as "o

those that are i pa"ted -/ the "urrent -att+es and the resu+ts o% those -att+es# Co p+a"en"/ is the ene / .hen it "o es to %ighting a .ar and 2e/ "o a.areness to 2e/ intera"tions and uni"ation that in%or s and raises

i+estones pro0ide the a-i+it/ to 2eep 2e/ sta2eho+ders .ith in%or ation# ission to.ard o0era++ uni"ation p+an .i++

in%or ed -ut not du++ing their a.areness -/ o0er inundating the The re"o

endation to pro0ide 2e/ o-6e"ti0es that %urther the

su""ess& "+ear+/ de%ined resour"e a++o"ation and a "+ear and ti e+/ "o

%a"i+itate the su""ess o% -oth the g+o-a+ .ar on terror and the .ar on drugs# These 2e/ e+e ents

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM o% +eadership preparation and e7e"ution .i++ %i++ the 2e/ 0oids in the as/ -eing %ought on

4,

etri"a+ .ars that are

u+tip+e %ronts a"ross the g+o-e# The -est "ourse o% a"tion is to re+/ on the

prioriti1ation o% +eadership in "on6un"tion .ith the strategi" a+ign ent o% the goa+s and o-6e"ti0es %ro the tip o% the spear .here the en and .o en trudge on the %ront +ines to the president o%

the United States and his strategi" intent %or the "ountr/# Agi+it/& perse0eran"e and "+ear+/ de%ined and a"hie0a-+e goa+s .i++ a++o. "ontinua+ progress to.ard the +ion=s share o% su""ess# Leadership +eads the .a/ in doing the right things .ith integrit/& honor and %ortitude#

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM Re%eren"es <aner& C# 34,,,5# Defining Aerospace Power. Air H Spa"e $o.er Courna+# Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#airpo.er#au#a%# i+:air"hroni"+es:"":-aner#ht + Cor-in& M# 3*))45# Reshaping the military for asymmetric warfare. Retri0ed %ro http:::...#"di#org:terroris :as/ etri"#"%

*)

Ger-er& R# 3*))95 Legalizing mari uana! "rug policy reform an" prohibition politics. Green.ood pu-+ishing group# Giusto11i& A# 3*)))5# #ar$ politics an" society in afghanistan$ 1%&'(1%%)# C# Hurst H Co# $u-+ishers# Internationa+ Monetar/ 8und# 3*)445# *slamic republic of Afghanistan. Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#i %#org:e7terna+:pu-s:%t:.eo:*)44:)*:.eodata:.eorept#asp7I s/J*))DHe/J*)44Hs"s J4HssdJ4HsortJ"ountr/HdsJ#H-rJ4H"J'4*HsJNGD$D K*CNGD$D$CK*C$$$GD$K*C$$$$CK*CL$HgrpJ)HaJHpr#7J((Hpr#/J44 Gotnour& T# 3*)))5# Lea"ership mechanisms for enabling learning within pro ect teams. Uni0ersit/ o% Centra+ 8+orida# Retrie0ed %ro http:::apo++on4#a+-a#edu#gr:OGLC*))*:$ro"eedings:pd%L%i+es:ID(9)#pd% Li-rar/ o% Congress 3*))D5 +ountry profile! Afghanistan. Retrie0ed %ro http:::+".e-*#+o"#go0:%rd:"s:pro%i+es:A%ghanistan#pd% Nationa+ $re0ention Agen"/?N$A 3*)445# ,ational prevention strategy. Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#hea+th"are#go0:pre0ention:nphpph":strateg/:inde7#ht + Nationa+ $u-+i" Radio# 3*)4*5# -imeline! America.s war on "rugs. Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#npr#org:te p+ates:stor/:stor/#phpIstor/IdJ,*'*9,)

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM

*4

O%%i"e o% Nationa+ Drug Contro+ $o+i"/ Sta%% 3*)445 /etting the recor" straight! the global commission report on "rug legalization. Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#.hitehouse#go0:ond"p:-+og R/an& M# 3*)4)5 #aste in Afghan ai" seen at billions of "ollars. Reuters# Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#reuters#"o :arti"+e:*)4):4*:*):usa?a%ghanistan?re"onstru"tion? idUSN*)*)';;,*)4)4**) !an E0era& S#& 3*)445# Assessing U#S# strateg/ in the .ar on terror. American Aca"emy of Political an" /ocial /cience$ 00$ 11()2. The <ritish Li-rar/ <oard# 3*)4*5 Afghanistan 1%1%(1%)'! sources in the in"ia office recor"s. Retrie0ed %ro http:::...#-+#u2:reshe+p:%indhe+pregion:asia:a%ghanistan:a%ghanistan"o++e"tion:4,4,to4, *D:sour"es4,4,to4,*D#ht +

LEADERSHI$ CA$STONE: WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON TERRORISM Leadership State ent L"a3"&'!$Leadership i% pro0iding the dire"tion and

**

oti0ation to get peop+e to do so ething the/

.ou+d not other.ise underta2e under the sa e "ir"u stan"es# M/ +eadership st/+e re%+e"ts that o% a ser0ant +eader in .hi"h I put ser0ant +eader I use peop+e need# I a that is"o / peop+e into the %ore%ront o% / +eadership 0ision# As a /

/ +istening s2i++s and pro-+e

so+0ing s2i++s to %u++/ understand .hat

a %a"i+itator and "o

uni"ator to get the right parties into the right p+a"e so ini u # I a+so use / %oresight

uni"ations and

isinterpretations are he+d to a

to understand the i pa"ts and ra i%i"ations o% "ertain situations -e%ore the/ o""ur so that I "an ensure %ro / peop+e ha0e the right too+s to do their 6o-s and ha0e "+ear e7pe"tations o% .hat I need

the # The gro.th o% the tea "o es %ro .ithin and this is ore than 6ust gro.ing in si1e# /

Ea"h indi0idua+ "ontri-utor has an i portant ro+e in the o0era++ strategi" intent o%

organi1ation# I% the/ .ere not 0ita+ to the organi1ation the/ .ou+d not ho+d a spot on the tea # I see things .ith +ong ter %u++/ understand the tea so+utions in that .i++ ind and in order to rea"h the hori1on I need to -ui+d and eet those o-6e"ti0es# I a+so -e+ie0e in e po.ering those

that deser0e and ha0e the "apa-i+it/ o% -eing e po.ered# The phi+osoph/ o% e po.ering e0er/one does not sit .e++ .ith e due to the %a"t that i% /ou e po.er e0er/one to a2e a

de"ision /ou ha0e e%%e"ti0e+/ negated a++ the hierar"hi"a+ +eadership ro+es and

isp+a"ed the

po.er into potentia++/ the .rong hands# The e po.er ent and authorit/ shou+d -e de+egated to the +o.est "apa-+e +e0e+# I a+so -e+ie0e that a person .ho de+egates a"tions and tas2s shou+d do so out o% a need %or the o0era++ ission and not -e"ause the tas2 is +a-orious and di%%i"u+t# I /se+%#

.ou+d not as2 an/one to do so ething in the sa e situation that I .ou+d not do