Askari Commercial Bank Ltd

Chapter No: 1

Introduction of Organization

Askari Commercial Bank Ltd

1.1 History of Askari Bank Ltd

Askari Bank was incorporated in Pakistan in Octo er !" 1!!1" as a pu lic limited compan#$ It commenced its operations on April 1" 1!!%" and is principall# engaged in the usiness of anking" as defined in the anking Companies Ordinance" 1!&%$ 'he Bank is listed on the (arachi" Lahore ) Islama ad *tock +,changes and its share is currentl# the highest -uoted from among the new pri.ate sector anks in Pakistan$ Askari ank has e,panded into a nation wide presence of /0 ranches" and on Offshore Banking 1nit in Bahrain$ 'he deli.er# channels for customer ser.ices are supported # a shared network of o.er %/2 on3line A'4s co.ering all ma5or cities in Pakistan$ As at 6ecem er 71" %227" the Bank had e-uit# of P(8 /$290 illion and total assets of P(8 :/$7:0 illion" with o.er 7/2"222 anking customers$ 'o meet the current challenges and prepare for the future" our strateg# focused on the following: Increase our market share in most areas of usiness acti.it# 6e.elop 8etail Banking Business Introduce fresh initiati.es for Corporate and In.estment Banking acti.it# Open an Offshore Banking 1nit ;OB1< in Bahrain Implement .arious technolog# initiati.es to enhance customer ser.ice Pursue an ac-uisition opportunit# to achie.e a manifold increase in the ranch network$ 6espite the difficult operating en.ironment" Askari Bank was a le to su stantiall# impro.e our earnings during %227 # posting operating profits$ Considering our historicall# high li-uidit#" our emphasis during %227 was more on the e,pansion of our credit portfolio rather than deposit mo ilization$

Askari Commercial Bank Ltd 6uring the #ear" we were also a le to successfull# implement the two important elements of our credit management strateg#: ;a< =ell di.ersified credit e,pansion ; < Containing non3performing ad.ances$ 'his was achie.ed despite intense competition for pri.ate sector credit in the market$ =hile some anks were a le to achie.e su stantial growth in consumer financing" our credit e,pansion was primaril# commercial ased" as we remained prudent in identif#ing opportunities for sound consumer lending$ >owe.er" Askari Bank does realize that the potential for growth in the area of 8etail Banking is tremendous" and we will e pursuing a more aggressi.e stance in %22/$

1.2 Mission & Vision of Askari Bank

'o e the leading pri.ate sector ank in Pakistan with an international presence" deli.ering -ualit# ser.ice through inno.ati.e technolog# and effecti.e human resource$ 4anagement in a modern and progressi.e organizational culture of meritocrac#" maintaining high ethical and professional standards" while pro.iding enhanced .alue to all our *takeholders" and contri uting to societ#$ Askari Information *#stems Limited is an esteemed organization that pro.ides glo al I' *olutions in software de.elopment$ Compan#?s Vision is @to ecome an international leader in information technolog# and pro.ide -ualit# people" products and ser.ices with a personal touchA$

1.3 Companys Obje ti!es

'o achie.e sustained growth and profita ilit# in all areas 'o uild and sustain a high performance culture" with a continuous impro.ement focus$ 'o de.elop a customer3ser.ice oriented culture with special emphasis on customer care and con.enience$

Askari Commercial Bank Ltd 'o uild an ena ling en.ironment" where emplo#ees are moti.ated to contri ute to their full potential 'o effecti.el# manage and mitigate all kinds of risks inherent in the anking usiness 'o ma,imize use of technolog# to ensure cost3effecti.e operations" efficient management information s#stem" enhanced deli.er# capa ilit# and high ser.ice standards$ 'o manage the BankBs portfolio of usinesses to achie.e strong and sustaina le shareholder returns and to continuousl# uild shareholder .alue$ 'o deli.er timel# solutions that est meet the customersB financial needs 'o e,plore new a.enues for growth and profita ilit#

1." #trate$i %&annin$

'o comprehensi.el# plan for the future to ensure sustained profita ilit#$ 'o facilitate alignment of the Cision" 4ission" Corporate O 5ecti.es and Corporate Philosoph#" with the usiness goals and o 5ecti.es 'o pro.ide strategic initiati.es and solutions for pro5ects products" policies and procedures$ 'o pro.ide strategic solutions to mitigate weak areas and to counter threats to profit 'o identif# strategic initiati.es and opportunities for profit 'o create and le.erage strategic assets and capa ilities of usiness for competiti.e ad.antage growth and

1.' Corporate (nformation

Lt. )en. *aseem A+med As+raf Lt. )en. ,-. Masood %ar/ai0 Mr. 1a&im23r2-a+man Bri$ ,-. M3+ammad #+ira0 Bai$ Bri$ ,-. Asmat 4&&a+ 1+an 5ia0i Bri$ ,-. M3+ammad Bas+ir Ba0 Chairman Chairman Executive Committee President & Chief Executive Director Director Director

Askari Commercial Bank Ltd Bri$ ,-. #+a3kat Ma+mood C+a3d+ari Mr. 6afar A&am 1+an #3mba& Mr. 1as+if Mateen Ansari Mr. M3+ammad 5ajam A&i Mr. M3+ammad Af0a& M3nif

Director Director Director Director Director

Company #e retary
Mr. #a&eem An/ar

A3dit Committee
Mr. Mo+ammad Af0a& M3nif7 8CA Bri$ ,-. M3+ammad #+ira0 Bai$ Bri$ ,-. Asmat 4&&a+ 1+an 5ia0i Mr. 6afar A&am 1+an #3mba& Chairman Member Member Member

-e$istered Offi e 9Head Offi e

A=' Plaza" 'he 4all" P$O$Bo, 12:9" 8awalpindi$ 'el : ;2/1< !2&7222 Da,: ;2/1< !%0%9// =e site: http:EEwww$askari ank$com$pkE

1.: ;epartments of Or$ani0ation

Askari Bank ha.ing the aim of winning market is functioning with twent# departments at head office$ Out of these twent# departments e.er# ranch of Askari Bank indifferent areas of countr# is operating with eight to ten departments$ 'went# departments at head office are the following: 1$ Administration %$ Audit Branch 7$ Central Dinance 9$ Central Operation /$ Corporate Banking Froup &$ Credit Administration 0$ Customer *er.ices ) Gualit# :$ 4arketing !$ *mall ) 4edium +ntp$ Froup 12$ *pecial Operation 4anagement 11$ 6i.ision 'reasur# Operations 1%$ 6i.ision Dinancial Institution 17$ 4anagement Information *#stem 19$ *mall ) 4edium +ntp$ Froup 1/$ 'reasur# Operations 1&$ >uman 8esource 6i.ision

Chapter No: %

Information *#stem of Askari Bank

2.1 (nformation #ystem of Askari Bank

Information is the life lood of an organization$ 4anagers depend upon accurate accessi le and useful information" this re-uires the information s#stem to e responsi.e to their uni-ue information needs" to empower them to think and act strategicall# "de.elop effecti.e plans" and make decisions that increase their own and their organization?s competiti.eness$ 'oda#" largel# through ad.ances in computer and communications technolog#" we are li.ing at a time that man# people call the information age$ One ma5or reason our era is named so is ecause most working people toda# ha.e 5o s that are information H intensi.e$ Dor e,ample 5o s such as teaching" accounting" retailing and managing are all predominantl# ased on the handling of information$ 'his emphasis differs from that of the earlier decades" in which most 5o s in.ol.ed some t#pe of ph#sical la or applied on farms and factories$ Askari information *#stems Limited ;AI*< has software that manages the lea.e record of the organization$ Organization has a de.eloped we 3 ased application" which will automate the lea.e management s#stem of Askari Information *#stems Limited ;AI*<$

2.2 ;epartment of (nformation #ystem

'he information s#stem department has to e of fundamental importance$ And it turned out not onl# to e 5ust that ut also a department with one of the friendliest atmospheres$ 'heir F4 4r$ (amal Ahmed is him self an inspiration and clearl# sets the tone for his department$ Information s#stem department is di.ided into three su di.isions: Billing I* *#stem +nhancement

%$%$1 Bi&&in$ Once the# get the data from customer ser.ices and the finance department a out the ills of the customers then it is their responsi ilit# to make sure that the ill gets deli.ered rightl# to the customer$ 'his is done in a series of three tasks

a$ $ c$ 2.2.2 (#

Input data Bill Presentment Bill Processing

'hough the I* department has een di.ided into four main functions 1$ %$ 7$ 9$ 4I* LANE=AN 6ata ase Administration Network 4aintenance

>owe.er" these four can e categorized into two main functions: i$ ii$ *#stem Operations 6ata Networks

i. #ystem Operations 'his is there to see to it that if a remote location wants to access a certain piece of information" which is stored centrall#" and then it should gain access to it$ It does that # co.ering all of the technicalities regarding the LANs and the =ANs and the# also manage Askari Bank Information *#stems$ ii. ;ata 5et/orks Once s#stem operations gi.es access to an e,ternal or internal in-uir# to their data ank then it is the responsi ilit# of the data networks department to insure connecti.it# and smooth and secure transfer of data$

%$%$7

#ystem <n+an ement

'his su di.ision is asicall# indulged in acti.ities like new product de.elopment" s#stem enhancement and up gradation" software maintenance$ 'hough the# usuall#

make use of the technolog# and 8esearch and 6e.elopment of Nortel ut further s#stem enhancement is .er# much important for Askari Bank$

2.3 B3siness A ti!ities

Dollowing are the Business Acti.ities implemented in Askari Information *#stems$ 1< All emplo#ees in de.elopment department re-uest for lea.e to their respecti.e pro5ect 4anager$ %< All emplo#ees in marketing department re-uest for lea.e to the marketing e,ecuti.e$ 7< 'he Pro5ect 4anager can appro.e or re5ect a smaller duration lea.e re-uest$ But he can onl# recommend a long duration lea.e re-uest to the Feneral 4anager 6e.elopment$ 9< *imilarl# the 4arketing e,ecuti.e can appro.e or re5ect a small duration lea.e re-uest ut for a longer duration lea.e" Feneral 4anager 4arketing must appro.e re-uest$ /< 'he Pro5ect 4anagers and 4arketing +,ecuti.e do the lea.e re-uest to the F46 and F44 respecti.el#$ &< 'he Feneral 4anager 6e.elopment and Feneral 4anager 4arketing can oth accept or re5ect the lea.e re-uest$ 0< 'he emplo#ee in Dinance department" Admin department and >uman 8esource department do the lea.e re-uest directl# to the C+O ;Chief e,ecuti.e officer<$ :< 'he Feneral 4anager 4arketing and Feneral 4anager 6e.elopment do the lea.e re-uest directl# to the C+O$ !< 'he C+O can appro.e or re5ect an# of the lea.e re-uests$ 12< 'he record of all the appro.ed lea.e re-uests is kept and maintained # the >uman 8esource 4anager$

2." Lea!e Mana$ement #ystem ,8or <mp&oyees.

A lea.e management s#stem keeps record of all the information related to lea.e scheduling" re-uest" appro.al etc of an emplo#ee$ Askari information *#stems Limited ;AI*< has software which keeps record of all the acti.ities related to lea.e management$ Lea.e 4anagement s#stem will automate the lea.e management s#stem of the Askari Information *#stems Limited ;AI*<$ It is an automated lea.e management *#stem$ On lea.e re-uest emplo#ees can .iew hisEher pre.ious lea.es histor#$ Authorit# user can .iew emplo#ees pre.ious lea.e histor# while appro.ing lea.e application$ *#stem automaticall# keeps check on the late coming and earl# going emplo#ees and pro.ides functionalit# to administrator to mark half lea.e of the emplo#ee ;integration with time and attendance s#stem<$ Lea.e 4anagement *#stem will pro.ide efficient wa# to manage the reports of lea.es of the emplo#ees$ On #ear completion s#stem will automaticall# manage the earned lea.es and transfer emplo#ees earned lea.e to ne,t #ear$

2.: #ystem ;e!e&opment Life Cy &e

2.:.1 8easibi&ity report 'he 4I* manager prepares the Deasi ilit# 8eport to check cost effecti.eness and the re-uired results of de.eloping software$

2.:.2 #pe ifi ation -e=3irement 4I* manager sees what is re-uired for making s#stem i$e$" staff" time" programmes and programmers" PC?s and its peripherals$ 'he pre.ious s#stem is anal#zed to check what were the short comings due to which new software is re-uired$ 2.:.3 #ystem ;esi$n At this stage no actual programming is done ut #ou will design the re-uired fields i$e$" what are the fields for which entr# of data is necessar# e$g$ name" address etc and

then their -ueries are designed" modules are formed" data entr# forms are made$ It is 5ust paper work$ 2.:." #ystem Constr3 tion At this stage actual programming is done$ A skeleton of s#stem is made and the programmer programmes the software e,actl# up to the re-uirement of the 4I* manager$ 2.:.' #ystem (mp&ementation After testing and de ugging" the s#stem is implemented" when 4I* manager is full# satisfied$

2.> (nformation -eso3r e Mana$ement

Because so man# of the organizations ke# operations and decision making process depends upon the use of information" Askari Bank percei.es it as ke# resource$ One such e,ample of that of Bank Accountant whose skillful handling of information has great effect on the data that is eing used to take decisions$ 'hus along with such tangi le assets such as propert#" plant" e-uipment" personnel and financial resources3information and knowledge ha.e su stantial .alue to organizations$ 'he term used to descri e this .iew of information is Information Resource Management (IRM): a concept that recognizes information as a ke# resource that should ;as should an# .ital resource< e properl# managed$ Other fields also think of their assets in this wa#$ Dor e,ample the assets$ In I84" information is seen as a desira le in.estment that can e used strategicall# to pro.ide a competiti.e edge" rather than onl# as a necessar# e,pense that must e controlled for e,ample it is onl# through information that Banks take crucial decisions such as whether to in.est in a firm or notI etc$" 4I* is percei.ed as an area that can generate opportunities or .alue for the organization" not mainl# as a source of pro lems$ usiness fields of organizational eha.ior and human resource management are ased on the recognition of an organization?s emplo#ee as ke#

Because 4I* is seen as a pla#ing a pi.otal role in the future successes of I843oriented firms including Banks$ 'he person in charge of the 4I* area is often found at the middle managerial le.el$ In this position the information s#stem department participates in strategic planning and other ke# decisions that are made # the organization?s top le.el managers$

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C+apter 5o? 3

4anagement Information *#stem

3.1 Mana$ement (nformation #ystem

4anagement information s#stem is said to e an# s#stem that pro.ides people with either data or information relating to an organizations operations$ Information s#stems support the acti.ities of emplo#ees" owners" customers" and other ke# people in the organizations en.ironment H either # effecti.el# processing data to assist with transaction work load or # effecti.el# suppl#ing information to authorized people in a timel# manner$ Dor e,ample" the transaction processing ;data processing< s#stem used to perform accounting and clerical operations in a Bank or an# other organization are information s#stems$ 4anagement Information *#stems ;software< has ecome a dri.ing force$ It is engine that dri.es usiness decision3making$ It ser.es as the asis for modern scientific in.estigation and engineering pro lem sol.ing$ 'oda#" 4anagement Information *#stem takes on a dual role$ It is product" and at the same time" the .ehicle for deli.ering a product$ 6ecision support s#stems" office information s#stemEoffice automation s#stem" and knowledge ased s#stems are also .iewed as facet?s of an organizations information s#stem" along with inter organizational electronic data inter change (EDI) system that strategicall# link a firm to its customer and suppliers$

3.2 Mana$ement (nformation #3bsystems

4anagement Information *#stem include man# su s#stems such as 6ecision *upport *#stem" 'ransaction Processing *#stem" management reporting s#stem" Office Automation *#stem" Dorecasting *#stem etc howe.er these will e discussed in detail later in the report$

3.3 ;ata !ers3s (nformation

4an# people use the terms data and information s#non#mousl#$ >owe.er there?s a distinct and important difference$ 6ata refers to facts$ =hen data is filtered through one or more processors so that the# take on meaning and .alue to person the# ecome information" it is information rather than data which people use to make decisions$

3." ;ata %ro essin$2(nformation Cy &e

Both computer and human mind act as processors that select data and transform them into meaningful information$ As information is generated from data it too ecomes a part of the data store$ 'he data processing3information c#cle shown a o.e illustrates this$ *ome of the t#pes of information that ma# e pro.ided to decision makers after data are transformed into information # computers or some other kind of processing$ 'he format of the information recei.ed is often dictated # the needs and preferences of the decision makers$

3.' (nformation @e +no&o$y

Computers are an essential part of modern information s#stems" and it is .irtuall# impossi le to stud# information s#stems toda# without knowing something a out them and how it operates$ In fact" without computers it is unlikel# that information s#stems would e.en e considered a serious field of stud#$ *ome of the asic components of a computer3 ased information s#stem descri ed elow:

3.: *+at is a systemA

A system is a set of interrelated components that collecti.el# work together to achie.e some common purpose or goal$ A CBI* is a collection people" hardware" software" data" and procedures that interact to pro.ide timel# data and information " oth internall# and e,ternall#" to authorized people who need it" this information ma# e re-uired # a client who wants to ha.e the alance of his credit account checked" # an e,ecuti.e who wants to know how much the ank has loaned to a particular compan# "or # a human resource manager who wants know the particulars of a certain emplo#ee " all these people can get an# t#pe of information re-uired through a CBI* in which data is sa.ed in data ases and files$

3.> Components of Comp3ter2Based (nformation #ystem

A computer3 ased information s#stem ;CBI*< is an information s#stem in which the computer pla#s a ma5or role$ *uch a s#stem consists of the following elements:

3.>.1 Hard/are 'he term hardware refers to machiner#$ 'his categor# includes the computer itself" which is often referred to as the central processing unit ;CP1<" and all of its support e-uipment$ 3.>.2 #oft/are 'he term software refers to computer programs and the manuals that support them$ Computer programs are machine3reada le instructions that direct the circuitr# within the hardware parts of the CBI* to function in wa#s that produce useful information from data$ 3.>.3 ;ata 6ata are facts that are used # programs to produce useful information$ 6ata is generall# stored in machine3reada le form on disk or tape until the computer needs them$ 'he technical operations of a CBI* consist of items: Input Processing Output *torage

Programs a.aila le on a CBI* are either s#stems software or applications software$ 'raditionall#" programmers write computer programs" users or end users work with the results$ A s#stem anal#st assesses the computer3related needs of the users and designs s#stems to meet those needs$ 'o e processed # a CBI*" data must e s#stematicall# organized$ 1suall# the# arrange into fields" records" files and data ases$ 6ata can also e updated in these data ases ut onl# authorized persons can do that$ 3.>." %ro ed3res

Procedures are the policies that go.ern the operation of a computer s#stem$ Procedures often specif# the actions that people should take in a step3 #3step manner$ 3.>.' %eop&e +.er# CBI* needs people if it is to e useful$ Often the most o.er looked element of the CBI*" people are pro a l# the components that most influence the success or failure of information s#stems$

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Chapter No: 9

4anagement Information *#stem

Chapter No: /

Personnel ) 4anagement of 4anagement Information *#stem

'.1 M(# %ersonne&

'he 4I* personnel can or cannot e non I' persons$ 'he Information *#stem 4anager is present in all departments of the ank$ 'he 4anagement Information *#stem ;4I*< 4anager looks after the I$' *taff and controls their operations" the planning and implementation of *#stem 6e.elopment Life C#cle also is done # the Information *#stem 4anager$ Dollowing are the 5o titles of people who interact directl# with managers and users and in general manage the whole information s#stem3although these are not the onl# personnel working the I$' 6epartment" man# other 5o titles ma# e found within this area$

'.1.1 Comp3ters Operations %ersonne&

'hese are the people responsi le for the da# to da# operations of 'ransaction Processing *#stem s" management reporting s#stem" and all other shared multi3user computers$ *ome of the 5o titles for the people in this categor# are the following: i. Comp3ter operations mana$er9#ystem Mana$er 'he computer operations manager is in charge of the entire operations acti.it#$ >e has the responsi ilit# of hiring and assigning work to the other operations personnel" he is generall# a super.isor" he also plans the installation and remo.al of e-uipment with consent of the concerned authorities" and generall# all other tasks to ensure that data get processed as efficientl# as possi le$ ii. Comp3ters operators 'he# are in charge of running the e-uipment in the I$' 6epartment$ 'heir 5o is to load disks and tapes" create ackup files and ensure their safe transport to the second

ranch of the BankK the# also initiate solutions to e-uipment malfunctions and similar functions$

iii. ;ata <ntry %ersonne& 'hese are the people within the ank?s I$' 6epartment who enter data into the main computer s#stem$ i!. #ystem Librarians 'he# are responsi le for managing data stored on such media such as disks$ Including among these are the ackup copies of important programs and data records kept pertaining to the dail# transactions of the ank$ Accounting data" de it and credit entries" customer info etc$

'.1.2 #ystem Ana&ysts

*#stem Anal#sts are the technolog# professionals charged with anal#zing" designing and implementing large computer3 ased information s#stems$ Because the# are the crucial interface among users" upper management" and programmers" the# must e skilled in usiness" computers" and other technolog#3 ased areas$ 'he# must also possess good interpersonal communication skills as the# are the one who need in the Information *#stem that is eing designed$$$ asicall# ha.e to communicate with the emplo#ees of the organization and percei.es whate.er the# ma#

'.1.3 %ro$rammers
'he computers professional who are specificall# charged with writing computer programmers are called programmers$ *ome of the t#pes of programmers" maintenance programmers" and s#stems programmers$ i. App&i ation %ro$rammers 'he programmers code the applications programs3the software that ser.es the direct needs of end3users$ Fenerall# it is the s#stems anal#st who initiall# specifies what programs needed must do$ Armed with a set of formal3often technical3specifications from the anal#st" the applications programmer then write programs from them$

ii. #ystem %ro$rammers *#stem programmers code the s#stems software that controls the operation of computer hardware and makes it possi le to run applications programs$

'.2 M(# Mana$ement

At the top of the computer hierarch# are 4I* e,ecuti.es$ In Askari Bank Limited I$' 4anagers or I$' 6irector is at top of the I$' 6epartment >ierarch#$ 'hese 4I* e,ecuti.es o.ersee the full range of 4I*3related acti.ities" including 'ransaction Processing which traditionall# accounts for the largest share of the information processing3 as well as telecommunication" data administration" and end3user support$ '.2.1 ;atabase Administrators 6ata ase administrators are responsi le for ensuring that users and programmers ha.e access to the data that the# need in order to make decisions or run applications$ 'he# are also responsi le for ensuring oth the integrit# and securit# of the data in the data ase$ 4anagers and users are likel# to ha.e to contact and work with data ase administrators in order to gain access to the data the# need$

'.2.2 @e&e omm3ni ations and 5et/ork Mana$ement95et/ork Administrator

'elecommunications mangers and network managersENetwork Administrators are responsi le for meeting the data communications needs of users in the organization$ 'he increasing trend toward networking and distri uted processing has increased the importance of these positions$

'.3 ;3ties of M(# %ersonne&

'he# manage information inflow from start of an# work to its final destination and scrutinize all the information$ 'he# generate report for a top manager e$g$ is target matched or notI Audit: the# scrutinize the s#stems that are alread# present for the purpose of compliance of s#stem in ank$

Payrolls: it is made on 4I*$ In it information a out emplo#ees" his salar# allowances" deductions" pro.ided fund" ta," net and gross salar# is recorded and is gi.en to emplo#ees in printed form$ Communication: +3mail is used with 18L i$e$" www.askaribank.com.pk 'hrough A*(A8I BAN( lines

'he# don?t use a secret net connection Ec the# don?t ha.e we 3 ased ser.er and the# use dial3up connections$

'." ;ata Mana$ement

'he issue of how to manage data recei.es a great deal of attention from information s#stem professionals$ 4anagerial decision making is likel# to e more effecti.e when managers are a le to -uickl# access the data the# need on demand$ 4ost of the other data ases data has een stored on computer3files and data ases$ 'hese data ases include: CustomerEclient data ases +mplo#ee data ases Accounting data ases Credit data ases

6ata has een ph#sicall# stored on a .ariet# of media" including magnetic disks" compact 6iscs and paper such as usiness forms" memos and reports$ >owe.er it has een e,perienced that Computer ased storage offers se.eral ad.antages o.er paper ased storage" such as a ilities toK store data compactl# and efficientl# -uickl# edit and modif# stored data make ackup copies rapid access

'.' 8i&e Based Mana$ement #ystem

Dile processing refers to an en.ironment in which data is ph#sicall# organized into files ;collection of related records<$ 'he file processing en.ironment is linked to the specific application programs that are eing used in the organization$ 'hese data and files are shared # man# application programs$ Although file management is done manuall# as files on the computer cannot e manuall# signed" ut files are also created on computer for record and references$ Diles made on D4B* include:3 Basic orrowers fact sheet ;personal ) professional record< 'heir *ecurities ;legal documents are manuall# kept2 Correspondent Diles Credit Diles Legal Diles

*orkin$ Askari Bank uses a file processing s#stem with different customer files for e,ample: checking" sa.ings and loans$ Often" customers call the ank -uestions on se.eral of their accounts$ *uppose the customer called in with -uestions a out his or her sa.ings" checking" and loan account$ *er.ice representati.e now has to go through the following procedure: +nter the checking3account3 alance program Fet the re-uired checking Information Lea.e program +nter sa.ing3account3 alance program Fet the re-uired sa.ing Information and lea.e program +nter loan3account3 alance program Fet the re-uired loan Information and lea.e program

'.: ;ata Based mana$ement #ystem

6ata ase management s#stem is a collection of software that has possi l# e,ist as separate files In data ase management all of the Information is put into a central data ase and onl# one program or file entr# is re-uired$ =hen a customer makes an en-uir# all the checking" sa.ings and loan data are instantl# a.aila le$ 6B4* has not #et een full# implemented in Askari Bank and will e used when we 3access is made$ It is used for references onl# and soft copies are made for e,ample a credit data ase ma# include: Name Location appro.al authorit# of credit e,pir#Etenure securities sort of finance een designed to pro.ide a s#stematic and fle,i le approach to organizing and access to data that could

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Chapter No: &

>ardware

:.1 Hard/are -eso3r es

>ardware resources include all ph#sical de.ices and material used in information processing$ *pecificall#" it includes not onl# machines" such as computer and other e-uipment" ut also data media$ 'hat is tangi le o 5ects on which data is recorded" from paper sheet into magnetic disks$ +,amples of hardware" which Askari Bank is using in Pakistan" are as follows:

!"!" Main #er$er

%ro essor %ro essor Capab&e Ca +e -AM (nsta&&ed #er!er (nterna& #tora$e Capa ity #&ots %orts 5et/ork (nterfa e Card C;2-OM 8&oppy ;ri!e ;isp&ay %rinter 1, Intel Leon 6P %$9 F>z ;922 4>z Dront *ide Bus< % ;6P< /1%(B uilt3in3on mother oard 1 FB PC%122 +CC %&& 4>z 8egistered 668 ;+CC Chip (ill< Di.e 1ltra 7%2 *C*I ena led Ba#s / Dour 1*B" 1 (e# oard" 1 4ouse" 1 Parallel" % *erial" 1 Fraphic" % , +thernet % , Figa it +thernet 12E122E1222" &9 Bit Dull 6uple," =ake on LAN ;Integrated< 6C638= 1$99 4B Dlopp# 6ri.e 10A 6ispla# Laser Met 1%22 >P

!"!% Client Com&uters All client computers which are using in Askari Bank are IB4 Compati le with following configurations: IntelECeleron &/2 4>z ;P37< 1%: 4B 8A4 ;4emor#< %2 FB >66 ;>ard 6isk 6ri.e< =indow %222 Professional

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Chapter No: 0

*oftware

>.1 #oft/are -eso3r es

Askari Bank software resources include all set of information processing instructions$ 'his generic concept of software include not onl# the set of operating instruction called com&uter &rogram" which direct and control computer hardware" ut also the sets of information processing instructions called procedures that people need$

Com&uter Program

A computer program or software program is a step3 #3step list of instructions written for particular computer architecture in a particular computer programming language$ 'he term '&rogram' specificall# refers to the locks of instruction code that are loaded into memor# for e,ecution # an interpreter$ (Instruction) can e defined as command gi.en to computer$ All programs on a computer s#stem can reak down into two main categories: "! #ystem soft*are %! A&&lication soft*are >.1.1 #ystem #oft/are

*#stem software is a generic term referring to an# computer software whose purpose is to help run the computer s#stem$ 4ost of it is responsi le directl# for controlling" integrating" and managing the indi.idual hardware components of a computer s#stem$ *#stem software is opposed to application software that helps sol.e user pro lems directl#$ *#stem software is the operating software" which Askari Bank use to control and supports the operation of a computer s#stem$ *GL *er.er %222 ;Dor 6ata ase *er.er< and =indow %222 ;Dor Normal *er.erEClients< are using as s#stem software in Askari Bank$ *#stem software performs tasks like transferring data from memor# to disk" or rendering te,t onto a displa#$ *pecific kinds of s#stem software include loading programs" operating s#stems" de.ice dri.ers" programming tools" compilers" assem lers" linkers" and utilities$ *#stem software can e stored on non3.olatile storage on integrated circuits that is usuall# termed firmware$ >.1.2 App&i ation #oft/are Application software is a su class of computer software that emplo#s the capa ilities of a computer directl# to a task that the user wishes to perform$ Application software includes user3oriented programs$ Application software includes the programs" software packages"

and tools needed for such specific" end3user3oriented tasks as illing" accounts recei.a le" word processing" pa#roll" data ase management$ 'wo main categories of application software e,ist$ i. )enera&2p3rpose app&i ation soft/are It includes programs and packages that are eing used # workers in the organizations su units such as word processing spreadsheets" data ase or file management" and presentation graphics$ 'hese are more likel# to e purchased e,ternall# than de.eloped internall# # the organization$ ii. #pe ia&2p3rpose app&i ation soft/are It includes programs and packages that support the acti.ities of workers in a particular su unit$ Accounting de iting and crediting entries" software?s used in A'4?s" and pa#roll are usuall# called *pecial3purpose software?s as these software?s ha.e een de.eloped for special purpose operations and ha.e to e custom made according to the organizations re-uirements$ 'his kind of software is eing used # a limited num er of users or su units than are in general3purpose applications$ 'he following application softwares are used # Askari Bank: 4icrosoft Access 4icrosoft =ord 4icrosoft +,cel *GL %222

1suall#" *GL ser.er %222 is used as ackend data ase ser.er # Askari Bank for their data ase through which data is record" retrie.e" edit" or delete etc$

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Chapter No: :

Networking

B.1 5et/orkin$
A network consist of two or more computers connected together on a desk or it can consist of man# Local Area Networks ;LANs< connected together to form a =ide Area Network ;=AN< across a continent$ In the Askari Bank all the workstations within the Bank are connected through Local Area Network ;LAN<$ 'he ank has o.er 120 ranches all o.er the countr# which ha.e een linked through 4icrowa.e or Phone lines" *atellites and most of the connections ha.e een pro.ided # Comsat$

+!"!" ,ocal Area -et*ork (,A-s)

Local Area Networks 3 a s#stem of computers that share resources such as hard3dri.es" printers" data" CP1 power" fa,Emodem" applications" etc$$$ 'he# usuall# ha.e distri uted processing 3 means that there are man# desktop computers in the Askari Bank which are distri uted around the network and that there is no central processor machine ;mainframe<$

'he components used # LANs in Askari Bank can e di.ided into ca ling standards" hardware and protocols$ Dollowing are components which are using in Askari Bank:

Coa,ial ca les Ba#o Nette Connector ;BNC< *tar 'opolog# Bridges +thernet >u s or 4ulti3port repeaters

But in some departments of Askari Bank .i/er01&tics ca/le is using for high speed data transfer rate$ 6ata remain accurate when it passes through it" ecause it has high andwidth" no pro lem with +4I" dura le ca les" and ca le run as long as se.eral kilometer$ 'he size of optical fi er is .er# small 5ust like a human hair$

B.1.2 @opo&o$y
'he ph#sical topolog# of a network of Askari Bank is configuration of ca les" computers" and other peripherals$ Ph#sical topolog# should not e confused with logical topolog# which is the method used to pass information etween workstations$ Basicall#" Askari Bank is using star topolog# in their most departments$ *o" that?s wh# I will discuss the star topolog# which is gi.en elow:

i. #tar @opo&o$y
#tar net*ork is one of the most common computer network topolog# which is used in Askari Bank$ In its simplest form" star network consists of one central" or hu computer which acts as a router to transmit messages$ A star network re-uires each node of a network to e connected to the central file ser.er or host .ia a single ca le$ 'o ena le this connection to take place" a piece of e-uipment called a Bhu B is used$ +ach ca le leading from a node is plugged into the hu and a single ca le is used to link the hu to the file ser.er node$ 'hus each node has its own direct connection ut congestion can occur etween the hu and the file ser.er$ Ad!anta$es of a #tar @opo&o$y

+as# to install and wire$ +as# to implement and e,tend" e.en in large networks +as# to detect faults and to remo.e parts$ No disruptions to the network then connecting or remo.ing de.ices$ 'he failure of a non3central node will not ha.e ma5or effects on the functionalit# of the network$

;isad!anta$es of a #tar @opo&o$y

8e-uires more ca le length than a linear topolog#$

If the hu or concentrator fails" nodes attached are disa led$ 4aintenance costs ma# e higher in the long run$ Dailure of the c node can disa le the entire network$ 4ore e,pensi.e than linear us topologies ecause of the cost of the concentrators$

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