Javison Guzman IB-B CN 10

July 5, 2010 Mr. Chua

Internal Assessment # 1 Flame Test for Elements

Introduction The main purpose o !he e"perimen! #as !o s!u$y !he line spe%!rum o various %ompoun$s mi"e$ #i!h &mmonium Chlori$e 'y e"posin( !hem !o a lame. To 'e spe%i i%, i!s main aim #as !o see ho# !he line spe%!rum o a %er!ain %ompoun$ $i ere$ rom ano!her $epen$in( on !he na!ure o i!s %omponen!s. Materials &mmonium Chlori$e Cal%ium Chlori$e Bori% &%i$ +!ron!ium Ni!ra!e -o!assium Chlori$e .i!hium Chlori$e )ena!ure$ &l%ohol Bunsen Burner *oo$en +!i%,s

Experimental Procedure a. Crea!e a mi"!ure o &mmonium Chlori$e an$ one o!her %ompoun$ /one a! a !ime only0 '. Ge! a #oo$en s!i%, an$ $ip i!s !ip in $ena!ure$ al%ohol %. Ge!!in( some o !he mi"!ure usin( !he s!i%, $. &li(n i! #i!h !he 'unsen 'urner1s lame e. 2'serve an$ re%or$ %olor . 3epea! s!eps a-e or every o!her %ompoun$ un!il inishe$ No!e4 )o no! or(e! !o %lean5#ash !he ins!rumen!s use$ !o mi" !he %ompoun$s a !er ea%h %y%le Data, Observations and alculations Compoun$s -resen! in Mi"!ure

3esul!in( Color

Cal%ium Chlori$e 6 &mmonium Chlori$e /CaCl26 2ran(e /#i!h a re$$ish hue0 N78Cl0 Bori% &%i$ 6 &mmonium Chlori$e /79Bo9 6 N78Cl0 +!ron!ium Ni!ra!e 6 &mmonium Chlori$e /+r/No902 6 N78Cl0 -o!assium Chlori$e 6 &mmonium Chlori$e /:Cl 6 N78Cl0 Green 3e$ /#i!h a pin,ish hue0 -urple

.i!hium Chlori$e 6 &mmonium Chlori$e /.iCl 6 3e$ /#i!h a pin,ish hue0 N78Cl0 ;ur!her 2'serva!ions an$ )a!a a0 &mmonium Chlori$e is a non-me!alli% %ompoun$ '0 ;our o !he ive %ompoun$s mi"e$ #i!h &mmonium Chlori$e are me!alli% /no!e4 elemen!s in a paren!hesis is !he me!al presen! or !he spe%i i% %ompoun$0

 Cal%ium Chlori$e /Cal%ium0< +!ron!ium Ni!ra!e /+!ron!ium0< -o!assium Chlori$e /-o!assium0< .i!hium Chlori$e /.i!hium0 %0 Bori% &%i$ is no! me!alli% $0 )ena!ure$ al%ohol seems !o 'e use$ as a %om'us!i'le uel espe%ially in !he %ase o ire re!ar$an! su's!an%es su%h as Bori% &%i$ onclusion I %on%lu$e !ha! !he ollo#in( %ompoun$s pro$u%e a spe%i i% %olor #hen mi"e$ #i!h &mmonium Chlori$e4 Cal%ium Chlori$e- 2ran(e< Bori% &%i$- Green< +!ron!ium Ni!ra!e- 3e$< -o!assium Chlori$e- -urple< .i!hium Chlori$e- 3e$. ;ur!her more I %on%lu$e !ha! Cal%ium Chlori$e, +!ron!ium Ni!ra!e, -o!assium Chlori$e an$ .i!hium Chlori$e #ere all me!alli% %ompoun$s an$ !hey all ha$ an e e%! on !he resul!in( %olors, #i!h nearly all o !hem havin( similar %olors /re$ !o oran(e0 #i!h !he e"%ep!ion o -o!assium Chlori$e #hi%h pro$u%e$ viole!. &si$e rom !his, nonme!alli% Bori% &%i$ may have also ha$ an e e%! on !he resul!in( %olor, (reen, #hi%h #as ra!her ar o rom !he %olors !he o!her su's!an%es pro$u%e$ #i!h re(ar$s !o !he spe%!rum o visi'le li(h!. ;ur!hermore, I have %ome !o !he %on%lusion !ha! !he &mmonium Chlori$e an$ !he $ena!ure$ al%ohol $i$ no! have an e e%! on !he %olors sin%e !hey #ere 'o!h %ons!an!s an$ i !hey $i$ a e%! !he lame, !here #oul$ 'e a re%o(niza'le pa!!ern in !he sha$e o %olors !ha! #as pro$u%e$. 3esear%h has also sho#n !ha! &mmonium Chlori$e #as simply use$ !o help hi(hli(h! !he %olors 'e!!er an$ !ha! !he $ena!ure$ al%ohol #as use$ !o help !he %ompoun$s %om'us! as!er. The resul!s o !he e"perimen! are airly %on%lusive 'e%ause !hey #ere a'le !o (ive #ell $e ine$ resul!s an$ !here #as a rela!ively small mar(in o error, #hi%h #ere almos! en!irely ran$om errors. To ur!her 'a%, !his up, sys!ema!i% errors #ere more or less !a,en ou! sin%e !he pro%e$ure or ea%h #as repea!e$ mul!iple !imes pro$u%in( similar resul!s. There #ere some limi!a!ions in !he e"perimen!1s pro%e$ure ho#ever, #hi%h #ere primarily ran$om errors !ha! #ere roo!e$ in %ross-%on!amina!ion. I! is possi'le !ha! %on!amina!ion o%%urre$ #hen (rains rom !he mi"!ure ell in!o !he 'urner hen%e (ivin( !he lame a $i eren! %olor. 2n !he same no!e, i! is also =ui!e possi'le !ha! !he ins!rumen!s use$ in han$lin( !he %ompoun$s, su%h as !he mor!ar, pes!le an$ !he #oo$en s!i%,s mi(h! have 'een %on!amina!e$ 'y o!her %ompoun$s sin%e !hey #eren1! properly %leane$. The ne"! !ime an e"perimen! li,e !his is %on$u%!e$, !he ran$om errors %an 'e more or less era$i%a!e$ 'y ma,in( sure !ha! !he e=uipmen! is properly sani!ize$ an$ 'y ma,in( sure no resi$ue is le ! on !hem, an$ #hile also ma,in( sure !ha! none o !he %ompoun$s all in any area in !he $ire%! vi%ini!y o !he 'urner or in !he 'urner i!sel .