Technical Interview Questions Networking MCSE and System Administrator Jo Networking

Interview Questions ! "art # !

What is an IP address? What is a subnet mask? What is ARP? What is ARP Cache Poisoning? What is the ANDing process? What is a default gateway? What happens if I don t ha!e one? Can a workstation computer be configured to browse the Internet and yet N"# ha!e a default gateway? What is a subnet? What is APIPA? What is an R$C? Name a few if possible %not necessarily the numbers& 'ust the ideas behind them( What is R$C )*)+? What is CIDR? ,ou ha!e the following Network ID- )*./))0/)12/345.6/ What is the IP range for your network? ,ou ha!e the following Network ID- )2)/))./1/1/ ,ou need at least 011 hosts per network/ 7ow many networks can you create? What subnet mask will you use? ,ou need to !iew at network traffic/ What will you use? Name a few tools 7ow do I know the path that a packet takes to the destination? What does the ping )*./)3+/1/) 8l )111 8n )11 command do? What is D7CP? What are the benefits and drawbacks of using it? Describe the steps taken by the client and D7CP ser!er in order to obtain an IP address/ What is the D7CPNAC9 and when do I get one? Name . scenarios/ What ports are used by D7CP and the D7CP clients? Describe the process of installing a D7CP ser!er in an AD infrastructure/ What is D7CPIN$"R:? Describe the integration between D7CP and DN;/ What options in D7CP do you regularly use for an :; network? What are <ser Classes and =endor Classes in D7CP? 7ow do I configure a client machine to use a specific <ser Class? What is the >""#P protocol used for& where might you find it in Windows network infrastructure? DN; ?ones @ describe the differences between the 4 types/ DN; record types @ describe the most important ones/ Describe the process of working with an eAternal domain name Describe the importance of DN; to AD/ Describe a few methods of finding an :B record for a remote domain on the Internet/ What does CDisable RecursionC in DN; mean? What could cause the $orwarders and Root 7ints to be grayed out?

What is a C;ingle Dabel domain nameC and what sort of issues can it cause? What is the Cin8addr/arpaC ?one used for? What are the reEuirements from DN; to support AD? 7ow do you manually create ;R= records in DN;? Name 2 benefits of using AD8integrated ?ones/ What are the benefits of using Windows .112 DN; when using AD8integrated ?ones? ,ou installed a new AD domain and the new %and first( DC has not registered its ;R= records in DN;/ Name a few possible causes/ What are the benefits and scenarios of using ;tub ?ones? What are the benefits and scenarios of using Conditional $orwarding? What are the differences between Windows Clustering& Network Doad >alancing and Round Robin& and scenarios for each use? 7ow do I work with the 7ost name cache on a client computer? 7ow do I clear the DN; cache on the DN; ser!er? What is the ..4/1/)/.4 address used for? What is WIN; and when do we use it? Can you ha!e a :icrosoft8based network without any WIN; ser!er on it? What are the CconsiderationsC regarding not using WIN;? Describe the differences between WIN; push and pull replications/ What is the difference between tombstoning a WIN; record and simply deleting it? Name the Net>I"; names you might eApect from a Windows .112 DC that is registered in WIN;/ Describe the role of the routing table on a host and on a router/ What are routing protocols? Why do we need them? Name a few/ What are router interfaces? What types can they be? In Windows .112 routing& what are the interface filters? What is NA#? What is the real difference between NA# and PA#? 7ow do you configure NA# on Windows .112? 7ow do you allow inbound traffic for specific hosts on Windows .112 NA#? What is =PN? What types of =PN does Windows .111 and beyond work with nati!ely? What is IA;? In what scenarios do we use it? What s the difference between :iAed mode and Nati!e mode in AD when dealing with RRA;? What is the CRA; and IA;C group in AD? What are Conditions and Profile in RRA; Policies? What types or authentication can a Windows .112 based RRA; work with? 7ow does ;;D work? 7ow does IP;ec work? 7ow do I deploy IP;ec for a large number of computers? What types of authentication can IP;ec use? What is P$; %Perfect $orward ;ecrecy( in IP;ec? 7ow do I monitor IP;ec? Dooking at IP;ec8encrypted traffic with a sniffer/ What packet types do I see? What can you do with NF#;7?

7ow do I look at the open ports on my machine?

Technical Interview Questions Active $irectory MCSE and System Administrator Jo Active $irectory

Interview Questions ! "art % !

What is Acti!e Directory? What is DDAP? Can you connect Acti!e Directory to other 2rd8party Directory ;er!ices? Name a few options/ Where is the AD database held? What other folders are related to AD? What is the ;,;="D folder? Name the AD NCs and replication issues for each NC What are application partitions? When do I use them 7ow do you create a new application partition 7ow do you !iew replication properties for AD partitions and DCs? What is the Global Catalog? 7ow do you !iew all the GCs in the forest? Why not make all DCs in a large forest as GCs? #rying to look at the ;chema& how can I do that? What are the ;upport #ools? Why do I need them? What is DDP? What is RFPD:"N? What is AD;IFDI#? What is NF#D":? What is RFPAD:IN? What are sites? What are they used for? What s the difference between a site link s schedule and inter!al? What is the 9CC? What is the I;#G? Who has that role by default? What are the reEuirements for installing AD on a new ser!er? What can you do to promote a ser!er to DC if you re in a remote location with slow WAN link? 7ow can you forcibly remo!e AD from a ser!er& and what do you do later? H Can I get user passwords from the AD database? What tool would I use to try to grab security related packets from the wire? Name some "< design considerations/ What is tombstone lifetime attribute? What do you do to install a new Windows .112 DC in a Windows .111 AD? What do you do to install a new Windows .112 R. DC in a Windows .112 AD? 7ow would you find all users that ha!e not logged on since last month? What are the D;I commands? What s the difference between DDI$DF and C;=DF? <sage considerations? What are the $;:" roles? Who has them by default? What happens when each one fails? What $;:" placement considerations do you know of? I want to look at the RID allocation table for a DC/ What do I do?

What s the difference between transferring a $;:" role and sei?ing one? Which one should you N"# sei?e? Why? 7ow do you configure a Cstand8by operation masterC for any of the roles? 7ow do you backup AD? 7ow do you restore AD? 7ow do you change the D; Restore admin password? Why can t you restore a DC that was backed up 4 months ago? What are GP"s? What is the order in which GP"s are applied? Name a few benefits of using GP:C/ What are the GPC and the GP#? Where can I find them? What are GP" links? What special things can I do to them? What can I do to pre!ent inheritance from abo!e? 7ow can I o!erride blocking of inheritance? 7ow can you determine what GP" was and was not applied for a user? Name a few ways to do that/ A user claims he did not recei!e a GP"& yet his user and computer accounts are in the right "<& and e!eryone else there gets the GP"/ What will you look for? Name a few differences in =ista GP"s Name some GP" settings in the computer and user parts/ What are administrati!e templates? What s the difference between software publishing and assigning? Can I deploy non8:;I software with GP"? ,ou want to standardi?e the desktop en!ironments %wallpaper& :y Documents& ;tart menu& printers etc/( on the computers in one department/ 7ow would you do that?

Technical Interview Questions E&change %''(

$aniel "etri)s MCSE and System Administrator Jo Interview Questions ! "art ( E&change

#ell me a bit about the capabilities of FAchange ;er!er/ What are the different FAchange .112 !ersions? What s the main differences between FAchange 0/0 and FAchange .1115.112? What are the ma'or network infrastructure for installing FAchange .112? What is the latest FAchange .112 ;er!ice Pack? Name a few changes in functionality in that ;P/ What are the disk considerations when installing FAchange %RAID types& locations and so on(/ ,ou got a new 7P DD2+1 %.<( ser!er& dual Beon& 4G> of RA:& 6 ;A; disks& 348 bit/ What do you do neAt to install FAchange .112? %you ha!e AD in place( Why not install FAchange on the same machine as a DC? Are there any other installation considerations? 7ow would you prepare the AD ;chema in ad!ance before installing FAchange?

What type or permissions do you need in order to install the first FAchange ser!er in a forest? In a domain? 7ow would you !erify that the schema was in fact updated? What type of memory optimi?ation changes could you do for FAchange .112? 7ow would you check your FAchange configuration settings to see if they re right? What are the FAchange management tools? 7ow and where can you install them? What types of permissions are configurable for FAchange? 7ow can you grant access for an administrator to access all mailboAes on a specific ser!er? What is the ;end As permission? What other management tools are used to manage and control FAchange .112? Name the tools you d use/ What are FAchange Recipient types? Name 0/ ,ou created a mailboA for a user& yet the mailboA does not appear in F;:/ Why? ,ou wanted to change mailboA access permissions for a mailboA& yet you see the ;FD$ permission alone on the permissions list/ Why? What are Juery >ased Distribution groups? What type of groups would you use when configuring distribution groups in a multiple domain forest? Name a few configuration options for FAchange recipients/ What s the difference between FAchange .112 ;td/ and Fnt/ editions when related to storage options and si?e? Name a few configuration options related to mailboA stores/ What are ;ystem Public $olders? Where would you find them? 7ow would you plan and configure Public $older redundancy? 7ow can you immediately stop P$ replication? 7ow can you pre!ent P$ referral across slow WAN links? What types of P$ management tools might you use? What are the differences between administrati!e permissions and client permissions in P$? 7ow can you configure P$ replication from the command prompt in FAchange .112? What are the message hygiene options you can use nati!ely in FAchange .112? What are the configuration options in I:$? What are !irtual ser!ers? When would you use more than one? Name some of the ;:#P =irtual ;er!er configuration options/ What is a :ail Relay? Name a few known mail relay software or hardware options/ What is a ;mart 7ost? Where would you configure it? What are Routing Groups? When would you use them? What are the types of Connectors you can use in FAchange? What is the cost option in FAchange connectors? What is the Dink ;tate #able? 7ow would you !iew it? 7ow would you configure mail transfer security between . routing groups? What is the Routing Group :aster? Who holds that role? FAplain the configuration steps reEuired to allow FAchange .112 to send and recei!e email from the Internet %consider a one8site multiple ser!er scenario(/ What is D;.:>? What is $orms >ased Authentication?

7ow would you configure "WA s settings on an FAchange ser!er? What is D;ACCF;;? What are Recipient Policies? 7ow would you work with multiple recipient policies? What is the CissueC with trying to remo!e email addresses added by recipient policies? 7ow would you fiA that? What is the R<;? When would you need to manually create additional R<;? What are Address Dists? 7ow would you modify the filter properties of one of the default address lists? 7ow can you create multiple GADs and allow the users to only see the one related to them? What is a $ront Fnd ser!er? In what scenarios would you use one? What type of authentication is used on the front end ser!ers? When would you use ND>? 7ow would you achie!e incoming mail redundancy? What are the 4 types of FAchange backups? What is the Dial8#one ser!er scenario? When would you use offline backup? 7ow do you re8install FAchange on a ser!er that has crashed but with AD intact? What is the dumpster? What are the e11AAAAA/log files? What is the e11/chk file? What is circular logging? When would you use it? What s the difference between online and offline defrag? 7ow would you know if it is time to perform an offline defrag of your FAchange stores? 7ow would you plan for& and perform the offline defrag? What is the eseutil command? What is the isinteg command? 7ow would you monitor FAchange s ser!ices and performance? Name . or 2 options/ Name all the client connection options in FAchange .112/ What is Direct Push? What are the reEuirements to run it? 7ow would you remote wipe a PPC? What are the issues with connecting "utlook from a remote computer to your mailboA? 7ow would you sol!e those issues? Name . or 2 methods What is RPC o!er 7##P? What are the reEuirements to run it? What is Cached :ode in "D.1125.116? What are the benefits and CissuesC when using cached mode? 7ow would you tackle those issues? What is ;5:I:F? What are the usage scenarios for ;5:I:F? What are the IP;ec usage scenarios for FAchange .112? 7ow do you enable ;;D on "WA? What are the considerations for obtaining a digital certificate for ;;D on FAchange? Name a few 2rd8party CAs/

What do you need to consider when using a client8type A= software on an FAchange ser!er? What are the different clustering options in FAchange .112? Which one would you choose and why/

PC Hardware

What is $;>? What are =core and =i5o? "n what type of socket can you install a Pentium 4 CP<? What is ;:P? Which Intel and A:D processors support ;:P? 7ow do DGA sockets differ from PGA and ;FC? What is the difference between Pentium 4 and Pentium Core . Duo? FAplain the new technology/ 7ow does IRJ priority works? What technology enables you to upgrade your computer s >I"; by simply using a software? What happens if you dissemble the battery located on the :other8>oard? 7ow do D)& D.& and D2 work? 7ow should we install RA: on a Dual8Channel :otherboard? What is the ad!antage of serial o!er parallel bus? Is <;> using serial or parallel bus? What about $irewire? 7ow much power is supplied to each <;> port? When should you change your bus8powered <;> hub to a self8powered <;> hub? What is a <P;? What is the difference between standby and online <P;? What is D>A %in 7ard8Disks(? 7ow many 7ard Disks can you install on an F8IDF controller? Can you configure two hard disks to use the :aster setting on the same PC? What is the difference between Narrow8;C;I and Wide8;C;I? What is ;A;? What are the three main reasons for using RAID? Is RAID 1 considered to be a redundant ;olution? Why? 7ow many disks can be used for RAID )? 7ow RAID 0 works? What is the smallest number of disks reEuired for RAID0? What other types of RAID do you know? What are the siA steps for laser printing? What is the difference between PCI8FB A) and PCI8FB A)3?

Microso*t! ased +,erating Systems

What is the difference between a workgroup and a domain? What are the ma'or ad!antages of working in a domain model? What types of operating system installation methods do you know?

What is an answer file? 7ow would you create an answer file for Windows BP? 7ow would you create one for Windows =ista? 7ow do you perform an unattended installation on Windows BP? What is ;ysprep? 7ow do you use ;ysprep? What is the ma'or difference between Newsid and ;ysprep? What is the function of the pagefile/sys file? What is the function of the hiberfil/sys file? What is the Registry? 7ow can you edit the Registry? Name at least 2 ways of doing that/ What should you do if you recei!e a message stating- C#he following file is missing or corrupt- WIND"W; ;,;#F:2. C"N$IG ;,;#F:C? 7ow would you repair an unsuccessful dri!er update? When should you use each of the fallowing tools- ;ystem Restore& D9GC and Reco!ery Console? 7ow do you set different print priority for different users? 7ow can you reset user s passwords if you don t know his current password? What s the difference between changing a user s password and resetting it? ,ou want to grant a user the right to perform backups @ should you add him to the administrators group? What is ::C? What is gpedit/msc? 7ow would you use the ::C to manage other ser!ers on your network? ,ou set a local policy for your ;tand8alone BP Professional @ would the local policy effects the administrators group? What new in the Windows =ista Docal Policy? What is the difference between <ser Pri!ileges and <ser Permissions? What is ;afe :ode? Which logs can be found in F!ent =iewer? What is msconfig? "n which "; can it be found? Can you upgrade BP 7ome Fdition to ;er!er .112? Which permission will you grant a user for a folder he need to be able to create and delete files in& if you do not want him to be able to change permissions for the folder? What is the difference between clearing the CallowC permission and checking the CdenyC?

Networking

What is a NIC? What is a :AC Address? When would you use a crosslink cable? What are the main ad!antages and disad!antages of $iber8"ptic8based networks? What is the difference between a 7ub and a ;witch? "n which ";I layer can a router be found? What is C;:A5CD?

What is multicast? What is >roadcast? What is the difference between #CP and <DP? Describe some of the settings that are added by #CP and by <DP to the packet s header/ What What What What are #CP Ports? Name a few/ is a #CP ;ession? three elements make up a socket? will happen if you lea!e the default gateway information empty while

manually configuring #CP5IP? What will happen if you eAecute the following command- Carp @d IC? What is IC:P? When would you use the ping command with the C8tC switch? What command8line tool would help you disco!er for which port numbers your computer is listening? What is APIPA? 7ow would you recogni?e it? What is a Cyclic Redundancy Check? What would you type in at a command prompt to !iew the IP settings for the computer that you are sitting at? What command would you type in at a command prompt to !iew the IP address of the remote computer? What is the W =alue for class >? What is the Net ID of an IP Address of )+/*/.0/2 with ;ubnet :ask of .00/1/1/1? What is CIDR? What is .00/.00/.00/.00 used for? What is the maAimum number of hosts for a Class > Network? What is the %default( class type of )*0/)0./)./)? What is the subnet mask for )1/1/)1/)5)6? What is the result when changing from a subnet mask of .00/.00/..4/1 to a subnet mask of .00/.00/.41/1? 7ow can you access a shared folder from a remote computer? Name at least 2 methods/

#he neAt article in this series will co!er Acti!e Directory EuestionsK

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Windows sysadmin interview questions

By admin | March 29, 2006

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What is Active Directory schema? What are the domain functiona eve in Windo!s "erver 200#? What are the forest functiona eve in Windo!s "erver 200#? What is % o&a cata o% server? (o! !e can raise domain functiona ) forest functiona eve in Windo!s "erver 200#? Which is the deafu t *rotoco used in directory services? What is ,-v6? What is the defau t domain functiona eve in Windo!s "erver 200#? What are the *hysica ) o%ica com*onents of AD" ,n !hich domain functiona eve , !e can rename domain name? What is mu timaster re* ication? What is a site? Which is the command used to remove active directory from a domain contro er? (o! !e can create conso e, !hich contain schema? What is trust? What is the fi e that/s res*onsi& e for 0ee* a Active Directory data&ase?

Windows Server 2003 interview and certification questions

By admin | Decem&er +, 200#

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How do you double-boot a Win 2003 server box? 1he Boot.ini fi e is set as read2on y, system, and hidden to *revent un!anted editin%. 1o chan%e the Boot.ini timeout and defau t settin%s, use the "ystem o*tion in 3ontro -ane from the Advanced ta& and se ect "tartu*. What do you do if earlier application doesn t run on Windows Server 2003? When an a** ication that ran on an ear ier e%acy version of Windo!s cannot &e oaded durin% the setu* function or if it ater ma functions, you must run the com*ati&i ity mode function. 1his is accom* ished &y ri%ht2c ic0in% the a** ication or setu* *ro%ram and se ectin% -ro*erties 45 3om*ati&i ity 45 se ectin% the *revious y su**orted o*eratin% system. !f you uninstall Windows Server 2003" which operatin# systems can you revert to? Win M6, Win 9., 2000, 7-. 8ote, ho!ever, that you cannot u*%rade from M6 and 9. to Windo!s "erver 200#. How do you #et to !nternet $irewall settin#s? "tart 45 3ontro -ane 45 8et!or0 and ,nternet 3onnections 45 8et!or0 3onnections. What are the Windows Server 2003 %eyboard shortcuts? Win0ey o*ens or c oses the "tart menu. Win0ey 9 B:6A; dis* ays the "ystem -ro*erties dia o% &o<. Win0ey 9 1AB moves the focus

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to the ne<t a** ication in the tas0&ar. Win0ey 9 "(,=1 9 1AB moves the focus to the *revious a** ication in the tas0&ar. Win0ey 9 B moves the focus to the notification area. Win0ey 9 D sho!s the des0to*. Win0ey 9 6 o*ens Windo!s 6<* orer sho!in% My 3om*uter. Win0ey 9 = o*ens the "earch *ane . Win0ey 9 31:> 9 = o*ens the "earch *ane !ith "earch for 3om*uters modu e se ected. Win0ey 9 =1 o*ens (e *. Win0ey 9 M minimi?es a . Win0ey 9 "(,=19 M undoes minimi?ation. Win0ey 9 : o*ens :un dia o%. Win0ey 9 @ o*ens the @ti ity Mana%er. Win0ey 9 > oc0s the com*uter. 6. What is &ctive 'irectory? Active Directory is a net!or02&ased o&Aect store and service that ocates and mana%es resources, and ma0es these resources avai a& e to authori?ed users and %rou*s. An under yin% *rinci* e of the Active Directory is that everythin% is considered an o&AectB *eo* e, servers, !or0stations, *rinters, documents, and devices. 6ach o&Aect has certain attri&utes and its o!n security access contro ist CA3>D. +. Where are the Windows () *rimary 'omain +ontroller ,*'+- and its .ac%up 'omain +ontroller ,.'+- in Server 2003? 1he Active Directory re* aces them. 8o! a domain contro ers share a mu timaster *eer2to2*eer read and !rite re ationshi* that hosts co*ies of the Active Directory. .. How lon# does it ta%e for security chan#es to be replicated amon# the domain controllers? "ecurity2re ated modifications are re* icated !ithin a site immediate y. 1hese chan%es inc ude account and individua user oc0out *o icies, chan%es to *ass!ord *o icies, chan%es to com*uter account *ass!ords, and modifications to the >oca "ecurity Authority C>"AD. 9. What s new in Windows Server 2003 re#ardin# the '(S mana#ement? When D3 *romotion occurs !ith an e<istin% forest, the Active Directory ,nsta ation Wi?ard contacts an e<istin% D3 to u*date the directory and re* icate from the D3 the reEuired *ortions of the directory. ,f the !i?ard fai s to ocate a D3, it *erforms de&u%%in% and re*orts !hat caused the fai ure and ho! to fi< the *ro& em. ,n order to &e ocated on a net!or0, every D3 must re%ister in D8" D3 ocator D8" records. 1he Active Directory ,nsta ation Wi?ard verifies a *ro*er confi%uration of the D8" infrastructure. A D8" confi%uration de&u%%in% and re*ortin% activity is done !ith the Active Directory ,nsta ation Wi?ard. 10. When should you create a forest? Fr%ani?ations that o*erate on radica y different &ases may reEuire se*arate trees !ith distinct names*aces. @niEue trade or &rand names often %ive rise to se*arate D8" identities. Fr%ani?ations mer%e or are acEuired and namin% continuity is desired.

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Fr%ani?ations form *artnershi*s and Aoint ventures. Whi e access to common resources is desired, a se*arate y defined tree can enforce more direct administrative and security restrictions. How can you authenticate between forests? =our ty*es of authentication are used across forestsG C1D ;er&eros and 81>M net!or0 o%on for remote access to a server in another forestH C2D ;er&eros and 81>M interactive o%on for *hysica o%on outside the user/s home forestH C#D ;er&eros de e%ation to 82tier a** ication in another forestH and C$D user *rinci*a name C@-8D credentia s. What snap-in administrative tools are available for &ctive 'irectory? Active Directory Domains and 1rusts Mana%er, Active Directory "ites and "ervices Mana%er, Active Directory @sers and Irou* Mana%er, Active Directory :e* ication Co*tiona , avai a& e from the :esource ;itD, Active Directory "chema Mana%er Co*tiona , avai a& e from admin*a0D What types of classes exist in Windows Server 2003 &ctive 'irectory? Structural class. 1he structura c ass is im*ortant to the system administrator in that it is the on y ty*e from !hich ne! Active Directory o&Aects are created. "tructura c asses are deve o*ed from either the modification of an e<istin% structura ty*e or the use of one or more a&stract c asses. &bstract class. A&stract c asses are so named &ecause they ta0e the form of tem* ates that actua y create other tem* ates Ca&stractsD and structura and au<i iary c asses. 1hin0 of a&stract c asses as frame!or0s for the definin% o&Aects. &uxiliary class. 1he au<i iary c ass is a ist of attri&utes. :ather than a** y numerous attri&utes !hen creatin% a structura c ass, it *rovides a stream ined a ternative &y a** yin% a com&ination of attri&utes !ith a sin% e inc ude action. // class. 1he .. c ass inc udes o&Aect c asses defined *rior to 199#, !hen the 19.. 7.'00 s*ecification !as ado*ted. 1his ty*e does not use the structura , a&stract, and au<i iary definitions, nor is it in common use for the deve o*ment of o&Aects in Windo!s "erver 200# environments. How do you delete a lin#erin# ob0ect? Windo!s "erver 200# *rovides a command ca ed :e*admin that *rovides the a&i ity to de ete in%erin% o&Aects in the Active Directory. What is 1lobal +atalo#? 1he I o&a 3ata o% authenticates net!or0 user o%ons and fie ds inEuiries a&out o&Aects across a forest or tree. 6very domain has at east one I3 that is hosted on a domain contro er. ,n Windo!s 2000, there !as ty*ica y one I3 on every site in order to *revent user o%on fai ures across the net!or0. How is user account security established in Windows Server 2003? When an account is created, it is %iven a uniEue access num&er 0no!n as a security identifier C",DD. 6very %rou* to !hich the user &e on%s has an associated ",D. 1he user and re ated %rou* ",Ds to%ether form the user account/s security to0en, !hich determines access eve s to o&Aects throu%hout the system and net!or0. ",Ds from the security to0en are ma**ed to the access contro ist CA3>D of any o&Aect the user attem*ts to access. !f ! delete a user and then create a new account with the same username and password" would the S!' and permissions stay the same? 8o. ,f you de ete a user account and attem*t to recreate it !ith the same user name and *ass!ord, the ",D !i &e different. What do you do with secure si#n-ons in an or#ani2ation with many roamin# users? 3redentia Mana%ement feature of Windo!s "erver 200# *rovides a consistent sin% e si%n2 on e<*erience for users. 1his can &e usefu for roamin% users !ho move &et!een com*uter systems. 1he 3redentia Mana%ement feature *rovides a secure store of user credentia s that inc udes *ass!ords and 7.'09 certificates.

19. &nythin# special you should do when addin# a user that has a 3ac? J"ave *ass!ord as encry*ted c ear te<tJ must &e se ected on @ser -ro*erties Account 1a& F*tions, since the Macs on y store their *ass!ords that !ay. 20. What remote access options does Windows Server 2003 support? Dia 2in, K-8, dia 2in !ith ca &ac0. 21. Where are the documents and settin#s for the roamin# profile stored? A the documents and environmenta settin%s for the roamin% user are stored oca y on the system, and, !hen the user o%s off, a chan%es to the oca y stored *rofi e are co*ied to the shared server fo der. 1herefore, the first time a roamin% user o%s on to a ne! system the o%on *rocess may ta0e some time, de*endin% on ho! ar%e his *rofi e fo der is. 22. Where are the settin#s for all the users stored on a #iven machine? LDocument and "ettin%sLA @sers 2#. What lan#ua#es can you use for lo#-on scripts? Mava"ci*t, KB"cri*t, DF" &atch fi es C.com, .&at, or even .e<eD Zone: Windows 2003 Server Tags:
interview, questions, server, windows

can any one please provide me the answers for these questions???...thank you. 1. What are the ways to configure DNS !ones? ". What are the types of #ackup? $%plain each? &. What are 'evels of ()*D +, 1, ,? Which one is #etter why? -. What are ./S0 (oles? 'ist them. ,. Descri#e the lease process of the D123 server. 4. Disaster (ecovery 3lan? 5. What is scope super scope? 6. Differences #etween Win "+++ Server )dvanced Server? 7. 'ogical Diagram of )ctive Directory? What is the difference #etween child domain additional domain server? 1+. .83, NN83, S/83, 9$(:$(0S, DNS, D123, 303& port num#ers? 11. What is 9er#eros? Which version is currently used #y Windows? 1ow does 9er#eros work?

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;)', (outing ;roup, Stm files, $seutil ininteg < what are they used for? What is /*/$ /)3*? 'ist the services of $%change Server "+++? 1ow would you recover $%change server when the log file is corrupted

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;roup 3olicies < how to apply and order in which they apply. ;lo#al catalog servers < how many is a specific two plus site implementation Descri#e different =ones and a scenario in which you would use them What is the system state? What is a ;lo#al 2atalog server? What is an 0>? What /s tools ?standard@ are used to trou#leshoot )D issues? What tools from the Support kit and resource kit can aid trou#leshooting? What the standard mistakes made when setting up /s products? What do you have to do to secure a $%change server from #eing a relay? When a full #ackup runs what does it do to the log files? What the #asic steps to recovering a 'ost $%changeAD2 server? 1ow do you #uild redudancy in to DNS? 1ow can you secure )D DNS?

Windows Server 2003 !!S and Scriptin# interview questions

By admin | Decem&er +, 200#

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What is presentation layer responsible for in the 4S! model? 1he *resentation ayer esta& ishes the data format *rior to *assin% it a on% to the net!or0 a** ication/s interface. 13-N,net!or0s *erform this tas0 at the a** ication ayer. 'oes Windows Server 2003 support !*v5? Oes, run i*v6.e<e from command ine to disa& e it. +an Windows Server 2003 function as a brid#e? Oes, and it/s a ne! feature for the 200# *roduct. Oou can com&ine severa net!or0s and devices connected via severa ada*ters &y ena& in% ,- routin%. What s the difference between the basic dis% and dynamic dis%? 1he &asic ty*e contains *artitions, e<tended *artitions, o%ica drivers, and an assortment of static vo umesH the dynamic ty*e does not use *artitions &ut dynamica y mana%es vo umes and *rovides advanced stora%e o*tions What s a media pool? ,t is any com*i ation of dis0s or ta*es !ith the same administrative *ro*erties. How do you install recovery console? C:\i386\win32 /cmdcons, assumin% that your Win server insta ation is on drive 3. What s new in )erminal Services for Windows 2003 Server? "u**orts audio transmissions as !e , a thou%h *re*are for heavy net!or0 oad. What scripts ship with !!S 560? iisweb.vsb to create, de ete, start, sto*, and ist We& sites, iisftp.vsb to create, de ete, start, sto*, and ist =1- sites, iisdir.vsb to create, de ete, start, sto*, and dis* ay virtua directories, iisftpdr.vsb to create, de ete, start, sto*, and dis* ay virtua directories under an =1- root, iiscnfg.vbs to e<*ort and im*ort ,," confi%uration to an 7M> fi e. What s the name of the user who connects to the Web site anonymously? ,@":Pcom*utername What secure authentication and encryption mechanisms are supported by !!S 560? Basic authentication, Di%est authentication, Advanced di%est authentication, 3ertificate2&ased We& transactions that use -;3" Q+N-;3" Q10, =orte??a, "">, "erver2Iated 3ry*to%ra*hy, 1rans*ort >ayer "ecurity What s the relation between SS7 and )7S? 1rans*ort >ayer "ecurity C1>"D e<tends ""> &y *rovidin% cry*to%ra*hic authentication. What s the role of http6sys in !!S? ,t is the *oint of contact for a incomin% (11- reEuests. ,t istens for reEuests and Eueues them unti they are a *rocessed, no more Eueues are avai a& e, or the We& server is shut do!n. Where s &S* cache located on !!S 560? Fn dis0, as o**osed to memory, as it used to &e in ,," '. What is soc%et poolin#? 8on2& oc0in% soc0et usa%e, introduced in ,," 6.0. More than one a** ication can use a %iven soc0et. 'escribe the process of clusterin# with Windows 2003 Server when a new node is added6 As a node %oes on ine, it searches for other nodes to Aoin &y *o in% the desi%nated interna net!or0. ,n this !ay, a nodes are notified of the ne! node/s e<istence. ,f other nodes cannot &e found on a *ree<istin% c uster, the ne! node ta0es contro of the Euorum resources residin% on the shared dis0 that contains state and confi%uration data.

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16. What applications are not capable of performin# in Windows 2003 Server clusters? 1he ones !ritten e<c usive y for 8etB6@, and ,-7. 1+. What s a heartbeat? 3ommunication *rocesses &et!een the nodes desi%ned to ensure node/s hea th. 1.. What s a threshold in clustered environment? 1he num&er of times a restart is attem*ted, !hen the node fai s. 19. 8ou need to chan#e and admin password on a clustered Windows box" but that requires rebootin# the cluster" doesn t it? 8o, it doesn/t. ,n 200# environment you can do that via c uster.e<e uti ity !hich does not reEuire re&ootin% the entire c uster. 20. $or the document of si2e 9 3." what si2e would you expect the index to be with !ndexin# Service? 1'02#00 ;B, 1'2#0R is a reasona& e e<*ectation. 21. 'oesn t the !ndexin# Service introduce a security flaw when allowin# access to the index? 8o, &ecause users can on y vie! the indices of documents and fo ders that they have *ermissions for. 22. What s the typical si2e of the index? >ess then 100; documents 2 u* to 12. MB. More than that 2 2'69 MB. 2#. Which characters should be enclosed in quotes when searchin# the index? ), S, T, Q, U, C D, and |. 2$. How would you search for +::? Must enter 399, since 9 is not a s*ecia character Cand neither is 3D. 2'. What about .arnes;(oble? "hou d &e searched for as Barnes/)/8o& e. 26. &re the searches case-sensitive? 8o. 2+. What s the order of precedence of .oolean operators in 3icrosoft Windows 2003 Server !ndexin# Service? 8F1, A8D, 86A:, F:. 2.. What s a vector space query? A mu ti* e2!ord Euery !here the !ei%ht can &e assi%ned to each of the search !ords. =or e<am* e, if you !ant to fi%ht information on V& ac0 ho e/, &ut !ou d *refer to %ive more !ei%ht to the !ord ho e, you can enter black[1] hole[20] into the search !indo!. 29. What s a response queue? ,t/s the messa%e Eueue that ho ds res*onse messa%es sent from the receivin% a** ication to the sender. #0. What s MQPing used for? 1estin% Microsoft Messa%e Wueue services &et!een the nodes on a net!or0. #1. Which add-on pac%a#e for Windows 2003 Server would you use to monitor the installed software and license compliance? "M" C"ystem Mana%ement "erverD. #2. Which service do you use to set up various alerts? MFM CMicrosoft F*erations Mana%erD. ##. What lan#ua#es does Windows Scriptin# Host support? KB, KB"cri*t, M"cri*t.

Windows Server 2003 &ctive 'irectory and Security questions

By admin | Decem&er +, 200#

1.

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What s the difference between local" #lobal and universal #roups? Domain oca %rou*s assi%n access *ermissions to % o&a domain %rou*s for oca domain resources. I o&a %rou*s *rovide access to resources in other trusted domains. @niversa %rou*s %rant access to resources in a trusted domains. ! am tryin# to create a new universal user #roup6 Why can t !? @niversa %rou*s are a o!ed on y in native2mode Windo!s "erver 200# environments. 8ative mode reEuires that a domain contro ers &e *romoted to Windo!s "erver 200# Active Directory.

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What is 7S'4<? ,t/s %rou* *o icy inheritance mode , !here the *o icies are a** ied to 7oca machines, Sites, 'omains and 4r%ani?ationa <nits. Why doesn t 7S'4< wor% under Windows ()? ,f the NTConfig.pol fi e e<ist, it has the hi%hest *riority amon% the numerous *o icies. Where are #roup policies stored? R"ystem:ootR"ystem#2LIrou*-o icy What is 1*) and 1*+? Irou* *o icy tem* ate and %rou* *o icy container. Where is 1*) stored? R"ystem:ootRL"O"KF>Lsysvo LdomainnameL-o iciesLI@,D 8ou chan#e the #roup policies" and now the computer and user settin#s are in conflict6 Which one has the hi#hest priority? 1he com*uter settin%s ta0e *riority. 8ou want to set up remote installation procedure" but do not want the user to #ain access over it6 What do you do? %*oname45 @ser 3onfi%uration45 Windo!s "ettin%s45 :emote ,nsta ation "ervices45 3hoice F*tions is your friend. What s contained in administrative template conf6adm? Microsoft 8etMeetin% *o icies How can you restrict runnin# certain applications on a machine? Kia %rou* *o icy, security settin%s for the %rou*, then "oft!are :estriction -o icies. 8ou need to automatically install an app" but 3S! file is not available6 What do you do? A .zap te<t fi e can &e used to add a** ications usin% the "oft!are ,nsta er, rather than the Windo!s ,nsta er. What s the difference between Software !nstaller and Windows !nstaller? 1he former has fe!er *rivi e%es and !i *ro&a& y reEuire user intervention. - us, it uses .?a* fi es. What can be restricted on Windows Server 2003 that wasn t there in previous products? Irou* -o icy in Windo!s "erver 200# determines a users ri%ht to modify net!or0 and dia 2u* 13-N,- *ro*erties. @sers may &e se ective y restricted from modifyin% their ,- address and other net!or0 confi%uration *arameters. How frequently is the client policy refreshed? 90 minutes %ive or ta0e. Where is secedit? ,t/s no! gp pdate. 8ou want to create a new #roup policy but do not wish to inherit . Ma0e sure you chec0 .loc% inheritance amon% the o*tions !hen creatin% the *o icy. What is =tattooin#= the >e#istry? 1he user can vie! and modify user *references that are not stored in maintained *ortions of the :e%istry. ,f the %rou* *o icy is removed or chan%ed, the user *reference !i *ersist in the :e%istry. How do you fi#ht tattooin# in ()?2000 installations? Oou can/t. How do you fi#ht tattooin# in 2003 installations? @ser 3onfi%uration 2 Administrative 1em* ates 2 "ystem 2 Irou* -o icy 2 ena& e 2 6nforce "ho! -o icies Fn y. What does !ntelli3irror do? ,t he *s to reconci e des0to* settin%s, a** ications, and stored fi es for users, *articu ar y those !ho move &et!een !or0stations or those !ho must *eriodica y !or0 off ine. What s the ma0or difference between $&) and ()$S on a local machine? =A1 and =A1#2 *rovide no security over oca y o%%ed2on users. Fn y native 81=" *rovides e<tensive *ermission contro on &oth remote and oca fi es. How do $&) and ()$S differ in approach to user shares? 1hey don/t, &oth have su**ort for sharin%. @xplan the List Folder Contents permission on the folder in ()$S. "ame as :ead ) 6<ecute, &ut not inherited &y fi es !ithin a fo der. (o!ever, ne! y created su&fo ders !i inherit this *ermission. ! have a file to which the user has access" but he has no folder permission to read it6 +an he access it? ,t is *ossi& e for a user to navi%ate to a fi e for !hich he does not have fo der *ermission. 1his invo ves sim* y 0no!in% the *ath of the fi e o&Aect. 6ven if the user can/t dri

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do!n the fi eNfo der tree usin% My 3om*uter, he can sti %ain access to the fi e usin% the @niversa 8amin% 3onvention C@83D. 1he &est !ay to start !ou d &e to ty*e the fu *ath of a fi e into :unX !indo!. $or a user in several #roups" are &llow permissions restrictive or permissive? -ermissive, if at east one %rou* has A o! *ermission for the fi eNfo der, user !i have the same *ermission. $or a user in several #roups" are 'eny permissions restrictive or permissive? :estrictive, if at east one %rou* has Deny *ermission for the fi eNfo der, user !i &e denied access, re%ard ess of other %rou* *ermissions. What hidden shares exist on Windows Server 2003 installation? AdminT, DriveT, ,-3T, 861>FIF8, *rintT and "O"KF>. What s the difference between standalone and fault-tolerant '$S ,'istributed $ile System- installations? 1he standa one server stores the Dfs directory tree structure or to*o o%y oca y. 1hus, if a shared fo der is inaccessi& e or if the Dfs root server is do!n, users are eft !ith no in0 to the shared resources. A fau t2to erant root node stores the Dfs to*o o%y in the Active Directory, !hich is re* icated to other domain contro ers. 1hus, redundant root nodes may inc ude mu ti* e connections to the same data residin% in different shared fo ders. We re usin# the '$S fault-tolerant installation" but cannot access it from a WinA/ box. @se the @83 *ath, not c ient, on y 2000 and 200# c ients can access "erver 200# fau t2 to erant shares. Where exactly do fault-tolerant '$S shares store information in &ctive 'irectory? ,n -artition ;no! ed%e 1a& e, !hich is then re* icated to other domain contro ers. +an you use Start-BSearch with '$S shares? Oes. What problems can you have with '$S installed? 1!o users o*enin% the redundant co*ies of the fi e at the same time, !ith no fi e2 oc0in% invo ved in D=", chan%in% the contents and then savin%. Fn y one fi e !i &e *ro*a%ated throu%h D=". ! run 3icrosoft +luster Server and cannot install fault-tolerant '$S . Oeah, you can/t. ,nsta a standa one one. !s Cerberos encryption symmetric or asymmetric? "ymmetric. How does Windows 2003 Server try to prevent a middle-man attac% on encrypted line? 1ime stam* is attached to the initia c ient reEuest, encry*ted !ith the shared 0ey. What hashin# al#orithms are used in Windows 2003 Server? :"A Data "ecurity/s Messa%e Di%est ' CMD'D, *roduces a 12.2&it hash, and the "ecure (ash A %orithm 1 C"(A21D, *roduces a 1602&it hash. What third-party certificate exchan#e protocols are used by Windows 2003 Server? Windo!s "erver 200# uses the industry standard -;3"210 certificate reEuest and -;3"2+ certificate res*onse to e<chan%e 3A certificates !ith third2*arty certificate authorities. What s the number of permitted unsuccessful lo#ons on &dministrator account? @n imited. :emem&er, thou%h, that it/s the Administrator account, not any account that/s *art of the Administrators %rou*. !f hashin# is one-way function and Windows Server uses hashin# for storin# passwords" how is it possible to attac% the password lists" specifically the ones usin# ()73v9? A crac0er !ou d aunch a dictionary attac0 &y hashin% every ima%ina& e term used for *ass!ord and then com*are the hashes. What s the difference between #uest accounts in Server 2003 and other editions? More restrictive in Windo!s "erver 200#.

42. How many passwords by default are remembered when you chec% =@nforce *assword
History >emembered=? @ser/s ast 6 *ass!ords.

system administrator interview question with answer *art -9

C++ 1he ;33 is a &ui t2in *rocess that runs on a domain contro ers and %enerates re* ication to*o o%y for the Active Directory forest. 1he ;33 creates se*arate re* ication to*o o%ies de*endin% on !hether re* ication is occurrin% !ithin a site CintrasiteD or &et!een sites CintersiteD. 1he ;33 a so dynamica y adAusts the to*o o%y to accommodate ne! domain contro ers, domain contro ers moved to and from sites, chan%in% costs and schedu es, and domain contro ers that are tem*orari y unavai a& e.

How do you view replication properties for &'? By usin% Active Directory :e* ication Monitor. "tart225 :un225 :e* mon

What are sites What are they used for? Fne or more !e 2connected Chi%h y re ia& e and fastD 13-N,- su&nets. A site a o!s administrators to confi%ure Active Directory access and re* ication to*o o%y to ta0e advanta%e of the *hysica net!or0.

(ame some 4< desi#n considerations? F@ desi%n reEuires &a ancin% reEuirements for de e%atin% administrative ri%hts 2 inde*endent of Irou* -o icy needs 2 and the need to sco*e the a** ication of Irou* -o icy. 1he fo o!in% F@ desi%n recommendations address de e%ation and sco*e issuesG A** yin% Irou* -o icy An F@ is the o!est2 eve Active Directory container to !hich you can assi%n Irou* -o icy settin%s. De e%atin% administrative authority usua y donYt %o more than # F@ eve s htt*GNNtechnet.microsoft.comNen2usN i&raryNcc+.#1$0.as*<

What are $3S4 >oles? 7ist them6 =smo ro es are server ro es in a =orest 1here are five ty*es of ="MF ro es

12"chema master 22Domain namin% master #2:id master $2-D3 6mu ator '2,nfrastructure master

7o#ical 'ia#ram of &ctive 'irectory ?" What is the difference between child domain ; additional domain Server? We , if you 0no! !hat a domain is then you have ha f the ans!er. "ay you have the domain Microsoft.com. 8o! microsoft has a server named server1 in that domain, !hich ha**ens to the &e *arent domain. "o itYs =WD8 is server1.microsoft.com. ,f you add an additiona domain server and name it server2, then itYs =WD8 is server2.microsoft.com. 8o! Microsoft is &i% so it has offices in 6uro*e and Asia. "o they ma0e chi d domains for them and their =WD8 !ou d oo0 i0e thisG euro*e.microsoft.com ) asia.microsoft.com. 8o! ets say each of them have a server in those chi d domains named server1. 1heir =WD8 !ou d then oo0 i0e thisG server1.euro*e.microsoft.com ) server1.asia.microsoft.com..

What are &ctive 'irectory 1roups? Irou*s are containers that contain user and com*uter o&Aects !ithin them as mem&ers. When security *ermissions are set for a %rou* in the Access 3ontro >ist on a resource, a mem&ers of that %rou* receive those *ermissions. Domain Irou*s ena& e centra i?ed administration in a domain. A domain %rou*s are created on a domain contro er. ,n a domain, Active Directory *rovides su**ort for different ty*es of %rou*s and %rou* sco*es. 1he %rou* ty*e determines the ty*e of tas0 that you mana%e !ith the %rou*. 1he %rou* sco*e determines !hether the %rou* can have mem&ers from mu ti* e domains or a sin% e domain.

1roup )ypes Z Security #roupsG @se "ecurity %rou*s for %rantin% *ermissions to %ain access to resources. "endin% an e2mai messa%e to a %rou* sends the messa%e to a mem&ers of the %rou*. 1herefore security %rou*s share the ca*a&i ities of distri&ution %rou*s. Z 'istribution #roupsG Distri&ution %rou*s are used for sendin% e2main messa%es to %rou*s of users. Oou cannot %rant *ermissions to security %rou*s. 6ven thou%h security %rou*s have a the ca*a&i ities of distri&ution %rou*s, distri&ution %rou*s sti reEuires, &ecause some a** ications

can on y read distri&ution %rou*s.

1roup Scopes Irou* sco*e norma y descri&e !hich ty*e of users shou d &e c u&&ed to%ether in a !ay !hich is easy for there administration. 1herefore, in domain, %rou*s * ay an im*ortant *art. Fne %rou* can &e a mem&er of other %rou*CsD !hich is norma y 0no!n as Irou* nestin%. Fne or more %rou*s can &e mem&er of any %rou* in the entire domainCsD !ithin a forest. Z 'omain 7ocal 1roupG @se this sco*e to %rant *ermissions to domain resources that are ocated in the same domain in !hich you created the domain oca %rou*. Domain oca %rou*s can e<ist in a mi<ed, native and interim functiona eve of domains and forests. Domain oca %rou* mem&ershi*s are not imited as you can add mem&ers as user accounts, universa and % o&a %rou*s from any domain. Must to remem&er, nestin% cannot &e done in domain oca %rou*. A domain oca %rou* !i not &e a mem&er of another Domain >oca or any other %rou*s in the same domain. Z 1lobal 1roupG @sers !ith simi ar function can &e %rou*ed under % o&a sco*e and can &e %iven *ermission to access a resource C i0e a *rinter or shared fo der and fi esD avai a& e in oca or another domain in same forest. 1o say in sim* e !ords, I o&a %rou*s can &e use to %rant *ermissions to %ain access to resources !hich are ocated in any domain &ut in a sin% e forest as their mem&ershi*s are imited. @ser accounts and % o&a %rou*s can &e added on y from the domain in !hich % o&a %rou* is created. 8estin% is *ossi& e in I o&a %rou*s !ithin other %rou*s as you can add a % o&a %rou* into another % o&a %rou* from any domain. =ina y to *rovide *ermission to domain s*ecific resources C i0e *rinters and *u& ished fo derD, they can &e mem&ers of a Domain >oca %rou*. I o&a %rou*s e<ist in a mi<ed, native and interim functiona eve of domains and forests. Z <niversal 1roup ScopeG these %rou*s are *recise y used for emai distri&ution and can &e %ranted access to resources in a trusted domain as these %rou*s can on y &e used as a security *rinci*a Csecurity %rou* ty*eD in a !indo!s 2000 native or !indo!s server 200# domain functiona eve domain. @niversa %rou* mem&ershi*s are not imited i0e % o&a %rou*s. A domain user accounts and %rou*s can &e a mem&er of universa %rou*. @niversa %rou*s can &e nested under a % o&a or Domain >oca %rou* in any domain.

What are the types of bac%up? @xplain each? ,ncrementa

A Jnorma J incrementa &ac0u* !i on y &ac0 u* fi es that have &een chan%ed since the ast &ac0u* of any ty*e. 1his *rovides the Euic0est means of &ac0u*, since it on y ma0es co*ies of fi es that have not yet &een &ac0ed u*. =or instance, fo o!in% our fu &ac0u* on =riday, Monday/s ta*e !i contain on y those fi es chan%ed since =riday. 1uesday/s ta*e contains on y those fi es chan%ed since Monday, and so on. 1he do!nside to this is o&vious y that in order to *erform a fu restore, you need to restore the ast fu &ac0u* first, fo o!ed &y each of the su&seEuent incrementa &ac0u*s to the *resent day in the correct order. "hou d any one of these &ac0u* co*ies &e dama%ed C*articu ar y the fu &ac0u*D, the restore !i &e incom* ete.

Differentia A cumu ative &ac0u* of a chan%es made after the ast fu &ac0u*. 1he advanta%e to this is the Euic0er recovery time, reEuirin% on y a fu &ac0u* and the atest differentia &ac0u* to restore the system. 1he disadvanta%e is that for each day e a*sed since the ast fu &ac0u*, more data needs to &e &ac0ed u*, es*ecia y if a maAority of the data has &een chan%ed.

What is the S8SD47 folder? 1he Windo!s "erver 200# "ystem Ko ume C"O"KF>D is a co ection of fo ders and re*arse *oints in the fi e systems that e<ist on each domain contro er in a domain. "O"KF> *rovides a standard ocation to store im*ortant e ements of Irou* -o icy o&Aects CI-FsD and scri*ts so that the =i e :e* ication service C=:"D can distri&ute them to other domain contro ers !ithin that domain. Oou can %o to "O"KF> fo der &y ty*in% G RsystemrootRNsysvo

What is the !S)1 Who has that role by default? 1he first server in the site &ecomes the ,"1I for the site, 1he domain contro er ho din% this ro e may not necessari y a so &e a &rid%ehead server.

What is the order in which 1*4s are applied? >oca , "ite, Domain, F@

system administrator interview question with answers *art 2

We come to system administrator intervie! Euestion !ith ans!ers -art 2H if you have read *art 1 of these artic e then * ease %o on or e se a so * ease read system administrator interview question with answers *art 9

1. Can a workstation computer be configured to browse the Internet and et !"T have a defau#t gatewa $ *f we are using pu#lic ip address, we can #rowse the internet. *f it is having an intranet address a gateway is needed as a router or firewall to communicate with internet. ". What is CI%&$ 2*D( ?2lassless *nter<Domain (outing, sometimes known as supernetting@ is a way to allocate and specify the *nternet addresses used in inter<domain routing more fle%i#ly than with the original system of *nternet 3rotocol ?*3@ address classes. )s a result, the num#er of availa#le *nternet addresses has #een greatly increased. 2*D( is now the routing system used #y virtually all gateway hosts on the *nternetBs #ack#one network. 8he *nternetBs regulating authorities now e%pect every *nternet service provider ?*S3@ to use it for routing. &. What is %'C($ What are the benefits and drawbacks of using it$ D123 is Dynamic 1ost 2onfiguration 3rotocol. *n a networked environment it is a method to assign an BaddressB to a computer when it #oots up. )dvantages )ll the *3 configuration information gets automatically configured for your client machine #y the D123 server. *f you move your client machine to a different su#net, the client will send out its discover message at #oot time and work as usual. 1owever, when you first #oot up there you will not #e a#le to get #ack the *3 address you had at your previous location regardless of how little time has passed. %isadvantage Cour machine name does not change when you get a new *3 address. 8he DNS ?Domain Name System@ name is associated with your *3 address and therefore does change. 8his only presents a pro#lem if other clients try to access your machine #y its DNS name. -. 'ow do ou manua## create S&* records in %!S$ 8o create S(D records in DNS do #elow stepsE < 0pen DNS 2lick on !one <<<<< Select domain abc+#oca# ,,,,,,, (ight 2lick to domain and go to 0ther New (ecords<<<<<< )nd choose service location ?S(D@ ,. !ame 3 benefits of using )%,integrated -ones+ .enefits as fo##ows a. you can give easy name resolution to ur clients. #. :y creating )D< integrated =one you can also trace hacker and spammer #y creating reverse =one.

c. )D integrated =oned all for incremental =one transfers which on transfer changes and not the entire =one. 8his reduces =one transfer traffic. d. )D *ntegrated =ones suport #oth secure and dmanic updates. e. )D integrated =ones are stored as part of the active directory and support domain< wide or forest<wide replication through application pertitions in )D. 4. 'ow do I c#ear the %!S cache on the %!S server$ ;o to cmd prompt and type FipconfigAflushdnsG without quotes 5. What is !)T$ N)8 ?Network )ddress 8ranslation@ is a technique for preserving scarce *nternet *3 addresses. .or more details go to /icrosoft #ink 6. 'ow do ou configure !)T on Windows 2003$ .or a#ove answer go to #elow link Configure !)T 7. 'ow to configure specia# ports to a##ow inbound connections$ a. 2lick Start, )dministrative 8ools, and then click (outing and (emote )ccess to open the (outing and (emote )ccess management console. #. 'ocate the interface that you want to configure. c. (ight<click the interface and then select 3roperties from the shortcut menu. d. 2lick the Special 3orts ta#. e. >nder 3rotocol, select 823 or >D3 and then click the )dd #utton. f. $nter the port num#er of the incoming traffic in *ncoming 3ort. g. Select 0n 8his )ddress 3ool $ntry, and provide the pu#lic *3 address of the incoming traffic. h. $nter the port num#er of the private network resource in 0utgoing 3ort. i. $nter the private network resourceBs private *3 address in 3rivate )ddress. H. 2lick 09.

Re: why we use class c IP address most Answer The only reason seems to be is, coz Class C very less # 1 has number of host allocated and due to which
the wasta e of !"#s is very less$ %or e $ even if you ta&e com'lete subnet into use then also at ma( the hosts will be 2)*$ +,2$+68$+$+/2* now, 8 bits remained for hosts so as 'er the formula 2 'ower 8 - 2 and that comes to 2)6-2 . 2)* so these host i'#s are very less as com'ared to other classes, therefore C/011 C is used more$