PANJAB UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH-160014(INDIA) (Estd. u d!" t#! P$ %$& U '(!"s't) A*t VII +, 1-4.-! $*t!d &) t#! G+(t.

+, I d'$)

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SY//ABI AND THE REGU/ATI0NS FOR

Bachelor of Engineering (Electronics & Co Thir#$Eighth %e esters E&a inations' ()*+$()*,

!nication"

$-o-$

. The Registrar /an0a1 Uni2ersit3' Chan#igarh All Rights Reser2e#4

SCHE1E 02 E3A1INATI0N 20R 1

BACHE/0R 02 ENGINEERING (E/ECTR0NICS 4 C011UNICATI0N) S*#!5! +, E6$5' $t'+ +, B.E. T#'"d S!5!st!" T#!+") Ho!rs6 7ee8 L9T +9* +9* +9* +9* +9* +9) (+ P"$*t'*$7 Cre#it ;:ar /ractic 8s al * $$ * * $$ * , =) $$ =) =) $$ =) ()) EC+<? EC+<,

Theor3 /a5er Title /a5er Co#e EC+*< EC+*> EC+*? Analog Electronic Circ!its$* %ignals & %3ste s

Cre#it Theor3

:ar8s Uni4 E&a =) =) =) =) =) =) +))

Int4 :ar8s

Ho!rs 6 7ee8 ( $$ ( ( $$ ( ?

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/ractic al /a5er Co#e EC+<<

Net@or8 %3nthesis & Filters Aesign EC+*, Aigital Electronics A%+)* Engineering :athe atics$III EC+*= O10ect$Oriente# /rogra ing Gran# Total- ?)) Total Cre#it - (>

EC+<=

2+u"t# S!5!st!" T#!+") Theor 3 /a5er Co#e EC,(* /a5er Title Ho!rs6 Cre#it 7ee8 Theor3 L9T :ar8 s Uni4 E&a =) =) =) =) =) =) +)) Int4 :ar8s Ho!rs 6 7ee8 $$$ ( ( ( $$ $$$$ < P"$*t'*$7 Cre#it /ractic al $$ * * * $$ $$ + ;:ar8 s /ractical /a5er Co#e $$$$$$ EC,<B EC,<= EC,<< $$$ $$$

Co !nication +9* , Theor3 EC,*B Analog Electronic +9* , Circ!its$( EC,*= :icro5rocessors +9* , EC,*< Co !nication +9* , Engineering EC,() Electro agnetic +9* , Theor3 EC,*? Aata %tr!ct!res & +9) + Algorith s Gran# Total->=) (+ (+ Total Cre#it - (< 8 5$"9s "!,!" t+ 5'd s!5!st!" !($7u$t'+ $

=) =) =) =) =) =) +))

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d ! d s!5!st!" !($7u$t'+

2',t# S!5!st!" Theor3 /a5er Title /a5er Co#e EC=)< EC=)> EC=*( EC=)B EC=*) EC=** Integrate# Circ!its :icrocontrollers & Interfacing CL%I Aesign Antennas & 7a2e /ro5agation Aigital %3ste Aesign Co 5!ter Net@or8s %! er Training T#!+") Ho!rs6 Cre#it :ar8s 7ee8 Theor3 Uni4 L9T E&a +9* +9* +9* +9* +9* +9* $ , , , , , , $ =) =) =) =) =) =) $ Int4 :ar8s =) =) =) =) =) =) $ P"$*t'*$7 Ho!rs Cre#it ;:ar8 6 /ractic s 7ee8 al $$ ( ( $$ ( $$ $ $$ * * $$ * $$ $ $$ =) =) $$ =) $$ $ /ractical /a5er Co#e $$$ EC==> EC=<(

EC=<) $$$ EC=<+

Gran# Total- >=) (, (, +)) +)) < + *=) Total Cre#it - (> N+ 5$"9s $"! $ss': !d t+ su55!" t"$' ' : (EC ;6<) =+"9. 0 su**!ss,u7 >"!s! t$t'+ $ d *+5>7!t'+ +, t#!s! *+u"s!s t#! *$ d'd$t! ='77 &! $=$"d!d ?S@ :"$d! '.!. s$t's,$*t+") +" !7s! ?3@ :"$d! '.!. u s$t's,$*t+").

S'6t# S!5!st!" Theor3 /a5er Co#e EC<)> /a5er Title T#!+") Ho!rs6 Cre#it :ar8s 7ee8 Theor3 Uni4 L9T E&a Int4 :ar8 s P"$*t'*$7 Ho!rs6 Cre#it ;:ar8s 7ee8 /racti cal * * * =) =) =) /ractical /a5er Co#e EC<=> EC<=? EC<<(

A#2ance# +9* , =) =) ( :icro5rocessors EC<)? :icro@a2e Engineering ,9) , =) =) ( EC<*( Electronic +9* , =) =) ( :eas!re ents an# Instr! entation EC<)B Aigital Co !nication +9* , =) =) ( EC<*) Co 5!ter Architect!re +9) + =) =) $$$ & OrganiDation EC<** Control %3ste +9* , =) =) $$ Gran# Total- ?)) (+ (+ +)) +)) ? Total Cre#it - (> 8 5$"9s "!,!" t+ 5'd s!5!st!" !($7u$t'+ $ d ! d s!5!st!" !($7u$t'+

* $$$ $$ ,

=) $$$ $$ ())

EC<=B $$$$ $$$

S!(! t# S!5!st!" T#!+") Theor3 /a5er Co#e EC >)? EC>)B EC>*) /a5er Title Ho!rs6 Cre#it 7ee8 Theor3 L9T !nication +9* +9* +9* + $ $ $ *= , , , + :ar8s Uni4 E&a =) =) =) =) $ $ $ ()) Int4 :ar8s =) =) =) =) $ $ $ ()) P"$*t'*$7 Ho!rs6 Cre#it ;:ar8s 7ee8 /ractic al ( ( ( $$ + < $ *= ( + $ ? * * * =) =) =) $$ $$ $$ $$ *=) /ractical /a5er Co#e EC >=? EC>=B EC><) $$ EC><= EC><< EC ><>

O5tical Co

Aigital %ignal /rocessing 7ireless Co !nication Electi2e$I %e inar$I

/ro0ect$I %! er Training Gran# Total- ==) Total Cre#it - (+

*=

N+ 5$"9s $"! $ss': !d t+ >"+%!*t AI(EC .66), s!5' $"-I(EC.6;) $ d su55!" t"$' ' : (EC .6.) =+"9. 0 su**!ss,u7 >"!s! t$t'+ $ d *+5>7!t'+ +, t#!s! *+u"s!s t#! *$ d'd$t! ='77 &! $=$"d!d ?S@ :"$d! '.!. s$t's,$*t+") +" !7s! ?3@ :"$d! '.!. u s$t's,$*t+"). E7!*t'(! A I EC>** O5erating %3ste s EC>*(- Ra#ar Engineering EC>*+- 7e1 Technologies A% >)*- C31er La@s & I/R

E':#t# S!5!st!" 0PTI0N -1 Theor3 /a5er Ho!rs /a5er Title 6 Co#e 7ee8 Electi2e$II + Electi2e$ + III Electi2e$ + IC Electi2e$ + C %e inar$ $$$ II Aesign $$$ La1 Gran# Total- =)) *( Total Cre#it - *? T#!+") Cre#it :ar8s Theor3 Uni4 E&a + + + + =) =) =) =) $$$$$ $$$$ *( ()) Int4 :ar8s =) =) =) =) $$$ $$$$ ()) Ho!rs6 7ee8 ( ( $$$ $$$ + < *+ ( ( < Cre#it /ractical * * P"$*t'*$7 ;:ar8s /ractical /a5er Co#e =) =) $$$ $$$ $ $ *)) EC?<= EC?<< Electi2e Electi2e

N+ 5$"9s $"! $ss': !d t+ D!s': 7$&(EC B66) $ d s!5' $"-II(ECB6;) =+"9. 0 su**!ss,u7 >"!s! t$t'+ $ d *+5>7!t'+ +, t#!s! *+u"s!s t#! *$ d'd$t! ='77 &! $=$"d!d ?S@ :"$d! '.!. s$t's,$*t+") +" !7s! ?3@ :"$d! '.!. u s$t's,$*t+").

E7!*t'(! A II $ d E7!*t'(! III (A ) T=+)C EC?)?- Aigital I age /rocessing EC?)B- A#2ance# Aigital Co !nication EC?*)- Ne!ral Net@or8s & F!DD3 Logic EC?**- E 1e##e# %3ste Aesign EC?*(- %oli# %tate Ae2ices :o#eling an# %i !lation EC?*+- Analog & :i&e# %ignal Aesign

E7!*t'(!-IV $ d E7!*t'(! V (A ) T=+)C EC?*,- :E:% an# :icros3ste s EC?*=- Artificial Intelligence EC?*<- O5eration Research EC?*>- Nano Technolog3 EC?*?- %atellite Co !nication EC?*B- Research :etho#olog3

0PTI0N - D /a5er co#e EC?() Total Cre#it *? /a5er title In#!strial training A!ration < :onths :ar8s Uni4 E&a (=) Int4 :ar8s (=) Gran# Total =))

In ?th se ester' st!#ent can e&ercise 0>t'+ 1 +" 0>t'+ D accor#ing to the follo@ing con#itionsA st!#ent a3 o5t for one se ester training in lie! of s!10ect of ?th se ester4 The ar8s for si& onths training @ill 1e eE!al to the total ar8s of ?th se ester st!#34 A st!#ent can o5t for si& onths se ester training !n#er follo@ing con#itionsa4 The st!#ent got selecte# for the 0o1 in ca 5!s 5lace ent an# the e 5lo3er is @illing to ta8e that st!#ent for the training4 14 The st!#ent got offer of 5!rs!ing training fro re5!te# research organiDation6 go2t4 s5onsore# 5ro0ect6go2t4 research instit!tion 5ro2i#e# that st!#ent sho!l# not 1e 5a3ing an3 one3 to get traine#4 For 5!rs!ing this training st!#ent nee# the 5rior a55ro2al fro the chair5erson6coor#inator of the res5ecti2e #e5art ent6 1ranch4 8 5$"9s "!,!" t+ 5'd s!5!st!" !($7u$t'+ $ d ! d s!5!st!" !($7u$t'+

THIRD SE1ESTER

P$>!" T't7!C- A $7+: E7!*t"+ '* C'"*u'ts-1 (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC <16 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E4 Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A

/+= 4 H':# 2"!Fu! *) T"$ s'st+" 1+d!7C Transistor H31ri# :o#el' h 5ara eter eE!i2alent circ!it of transistor' Anal3sis of transistor a 5lifier !sing h$5ara eters in CB' CE an# CC config!ration' The high freE!enc3 T o#el' h31ri# 5i CE transistor o#el' h31ri# 5i con#!ctance in ter s of lo@ freE!enc3 h 5ara eters4 GBH 1u7t'st$:! +" C$s*$d!d A5>7','!"s- Classification of :!lti$stage A 5lifier' T35es of co!5ling' Effect of casca#ing on 2oltage gain' C!rrent gain' /hase' In5!t an# o!t5!t i 5e#ances an# 1an#@i#th Analog of casca#e# or !ltistage a 5lifiers' Casca#e an# Casca#e circ!its' :iller Theore ' Aarlington 5air' Bootstra5 Circ!its4 GBH PART A

2!!d&$*9 A5>7','!"s- Conce5t of fee#1ac8' /ositi2e an# negati2e fee#1ac8' Coltage an# c!rrent fee#1ac8' %eries an# sh!nt fee#1ac8' Effect of fee#1ac8 on 5erfor ance characteristics of an a 5lifier4 GBH D',,!"! t'$7 $5>7','!"sC Aifferential A 5lifiers Basic of Aifferential A 5lifier' TransistoriDe# #ifferential A 5lifier' Config!rations of Aifferential A 5lifier' Anal3sis of A!al In5!t Balance# O!t5!t Aifferential A 5lifier' Constant C!rrent Bias' C!rrent :irror Circ!it4 G6H Tu !d A5>7','!"s- %ingle t!ne# an# #o!1les t!ne# an# their freE!enc3 res5onse characteristics4 F(G P+=!" A5>7','!"s- Class A' B' AB' /!sh 5!ll a 5lifiers' Co 5arison of their Efficiencies' T35es of #istortion' @or8ing of %CR4 G<H R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Electronics Circ!it Anal3sis an# Aesign 13 Aonal# A4 Nea en' Tata :cGra@ Hill (4 O5$A 5s an# Liner integrate# Circ!its 13 Ra a8ant A4 Ga3a8@ar#' ,th e#ition' /earson E#!cation Asia Lo@ 5rice E#ition +4 Integrate# electronics 13 :ill an & Hal8ias' T:H' Latest E#ition ,4 /o@er Electronics 13 /4C4 %en4' Tata :cGra@ Hill =4 /!lse an# Aigital %@itching Circ!its 13 :illi an' Ta!1H Tata :cgra@ Hill <4 /!lse an# Aigital Circ!its 13 :othi8i %4 /ra8ash RaoH Tata :cgra@ Hill >4 /!lse & Aigital Circ!its' 13 Rao I' /earson E#!cation4 7

?4 %@itching Theor3 & Logic Aesign' 13 Rao ' /earson E#!cation4 B4 7a2e Generation an# %ha5ing 13 %tra!ss :cGra@ Hill4 *)4 /!lse an# %@itching Circ!its 13 %an0ee2 I! arH Ahan5at Rai & Co 5an3 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJ P$>!" T't7!C- A $7+: E7!*t"+ '* C'"*u'ts-1 (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC <66 C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E&5eri ents 1. To #ra@ the freE!enc3 res5onse of a single stage BKT a 5lifier4 2. To eas!re the 2oltage an# c!rrent gain of a BKT a 5lifier4 3. To eas!re the #istortion in the o!t5!t of a 5!sh 5!ll a 5lifier4 4. To st!#3 the /s5ice %i !lation soft@are 5. FreE!enc3 res5onse anal3sis of RC co!5le# a 5lifier4 6. FreE!enc3 res5onse anal3sis of T!ne# a 5lifiers4 7. /!sh$5!ll a 5lifier4 8. %CR Chracterstics4 9. FreE!enc3 res5onse anal3sis of Fee#1ac8 a 5lifier4

P$>!" T't7!C - S': $7s 4 S)st!5s P$>!" C+d!C EC <1D 1$6. 1$"9s E C"!d'tC ;0E4 Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t.

PART A S': $7s 4 S)st!5sC (.) Classification of %ignals' Transfor ations of in#e5en#ent 2aria1le' Ele entar3 %ignals' Contin!o!s ti e an# Aiscrete ti e s3ste s' %3ste /ro5erties4 /' !$" T'5! I ($"'$ t S)st!5sC (.) Con2ol!tion s! an# integral' /ro5erties of LTI s3ste s' %3ste s #escri1e# 13 #ifferential eE!ations an# #ifference eE!ations4 2+u"'!" s!"'!s R!>"!s! t$t'+ C (;) Res5onse of LTI s3ste s to co 5le& e&5onentials' Fo!rier series re5resentation of contin!o!s ti e an# #iscrete ti e 5erio#ic signals' /ro5erties of contin!o!s ti e Fo!rier series' /ro5erties of #iscrete ti e Fo!rier series' Filtering4 8

T#! C+ t' u+us T'5! 2+u"'!" T"$ s,+"5C (;) Fo!rier Transfor of contin!o!s ti e a5erio#ic signals' The Fo!rier transfor /ro5erties of Contin!o!s Ti e Fo!rier Transfor 4 PART B

for 5erio#ic signals'

T#! D's*"!t! t'5! 2+u"'!" T"$ s,+"5C (6) Fo!rier transfor of #iscrete ti e a5erio#ic signals' The Fo!rier transfor of 5erio#ic signals' /ro5erties of Aiscrete ti e Fo!rier Transfor ' A!alit3' The agnit!#e$5hase re5resentation of the Fo!rier Transfor ' The agnit!#e$5hase re5resentation of the FreE!enc3 res5onse of LTI s3ste s4 T#! /$>7$*! T"$ s,+"5C (B) La5lace Transfor ' ROC of La5lace Transfor ' The In2erse La5lace Transfor ' /ole$Dero 5lot' /ro5erties of La5lace transfor ' CharacteriDation of LTI s3ste s !sing La5lace Transfor ' Interconnection of LTI s3ste s' The Unilateral La5lace Transfor 4 T#! I-T"$ s,+"5C (.) The L$Transfor ' ROC of L$transfor ' The In2erse L$Transfor ' /ole$Lero 5lot' /ro5erties of L$ Transfor ' CharacteriDation of LTI s3ste s !sing L$Transfor ' Interconnection of LTI s3ste s' The Unilateral LTransfor 4 R!*+55! d!d B++9sC *4 O55enhei ' A4 C4' 7ills83 ' A4 %4' Na@a1 '%4H4' M%ignals an# %3ste sN' (e' /HI Learning' ())B (4 Ha38in' %4' Can Ceen' B4H M%ignals an# %3ste sNH(eH 7ile3H ())+ +4 B4 /4 Lathi' M%ignal /rocessing & Linear %3ste sN' O&for# Uni2ersit3 /ress' ()), ,4 I4 Go5alan' M%ignals an# %3ste sN' CENGAGE Learning' ())B =4 Hs!' H4H Ran0an RH M%ch!a Os o!tline of %ignals an# %3ste sNH Tata :cGra@ Hill ' ())? R!*+55! d!d B++9sC *4 O55enhei ' A4 C4' 7ills83 ' A4 %4' Na@a1 '%4H4' M%ignals an# %3ste sN' (e' /HI Learning' ())B (4 Ha38in' %4' Can Ceen' B4H M%ignals an# %3ste sNH(eH 7ile3H ())+ +4 B4 /4 Lathi' M%ignal /rocessing & Linear %3ste sN' O&for# Uni2ersit3 /ress' ()), ,4 I4 Go5alan' M%ignals an# %3ste sN' CENGAGE Learning' ())B =4 Hs!' H4H Ran0an RH M%ch!a Os o!tline of %ignals an# %3ste sNH Tata :cGra@ Hill ' ())? JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C N!t=+"9 S) t#!s's 4 2'7t!"s D!s': (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC <1B 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E< Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. 9

PART A

N!t=+"9s ,u *t'+ sC G10H Conce5t of co 5le& freE!enc3' Transfor I 5e#ance an# transfor circ!its' Net@or8 f!nctions for the one 5ort an# t@o 5ort' Calc!lation of net@or8 f!nctions' /oles an# Leros for Net@or8 f!nctions' Restrictions on /oles an# Leros' Locations for Ari2ing /oint an# Transfer f!nctions' Ti e #o ain 1eha2ior fro /ole an# Lero 5lot' %ta1ilit3 of net@or8s f!nctions4 T=+ P+"t N!t=+"9C G06H Relationshi5 of T@o 5ort 2aria1les' %hort Circ!it A# ittance an# O5en circ!it I 5e#ance 5ara eters' Trans ission an# h31ri# 5ara eters4 Net@or8 To5olog3 an# Gra5h Theor34

2'7t!" 2u d$5! t$7sC GDH Classification of filters- High /ass' Lo@ 5ass' 1an#5ass' 1an# re0ect filtersH ele entar3 i#ea of acti2e filters4 Characteristics of filters PART B 2'7t!" S) t#!s'sC G10H I 5e#ance - in5!t & characteristicH 5ro5agation constant of 5!re reacti2e net@or8' La##er Net@or8' T$section' P$section' /ass an# sto5 1an#s' Constant QI lo@ 5ass an# high 5ass filters' $ #eri2e# T an# P$ section' Aesign of 8 an# $#eri2e# filters' Ban# 5ass filters' 1an# eli ination filters' Co 5osite filters4 S) t#!s's +, P$ss'(! !t=+"9sC G0<H Ari2ing 5oint i ittance f!nction- LC Net@or8 (Foster an# Ca!er for s"H Ari2ing 5oint a# ittance an# i 5e#ance f!nction- RL & RC Net@or8 (Foster an# Ca!er for s"4 Active Filters : Active filters- Low-Pass, High-Pass, Band-Pass, Band-Reject Butterworth filters, State variable filters, All pass filters, Sallen and Key structures, Introduction to Chebyshev and Cauer Filters. [5] R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Circ!its an# Net@or8s (Anal3sis an# %3nthesis" 13 A4 %!#ha8ar & %4/4 %h3a ohan' Tata :cGra@ Hill *BB,' E#ition (NA (4 Circ!it Anal3sis 13 Allan A4 Ira!ss' 7est /!1lishing Co 5an3' E#ition Latest +4 Net@or8s' Lines an# Fiel#s 13 Kohn A4 R3#er' /HI' E#ition (NA ,4 Engineering Circ!it Anal3sis 13 :illia H4Ha3t4Kac8 E4Ie erl3' E#ition <TH =4 A Co!rse in Electrical Circ!its Anal3sis 13 %oni$G!5ta' Ahan5at Rai & %ons' E#ition Latest4 <4 Theor3 an# /ro1le s of Electric Circ!its 13 Kose5h A4 E# inister' %econ# e#ition' Tata :cGra@ Hill'*BB*' E#ition (NA4 >4 Net@or8 Anal3sis 13 :4E4 Can Cal8en1!rg (/HI"' E#tion +9)RA4 ?4 Circ!it Anal3sis 13 Allan A4 Ira!ss (7est /!1lishing Co 5an3"' E#ition Latest JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C- N!t=+"9 S) t#!s's 4 2'7t!"s D!s': (P"$*t'*$7) 10

P$>!" C+d!C EC<6B

C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 To Aesign & i 5le ent a constant I lo@ 5ass 6 high 5ass filter4 (4 To Aesign & i 5le ent a 1an# 5ass filter4 +4 To Aesign & i 5le ent a $#eri2e# lo@ 5ass 6 high 5ass filter ,4 To Aesign & i 5le ent a co 5osite lo@ 5ass6 high 5ass filter4 =4 Aesign an# i 5le entation of R an# S 5assi2e filters4 <4 Aeter ination of h$5ara eters of a net@or84 >4 %t!#3 of sin!soi#al stea#3 state res5onse of a net@or84 ?4 %t!#3 of transient res5onse of a net@or84 B4 %3nthesis of RC$net@or8 for a gi2en net@or8 f!nction4 *)4 Cerification of eE!i2alence of star an# #elta transfor ation4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C- D':'t$7 E7!*t"+ '*s (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC <14 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E< Ti e- + ho!rs

C+u"s! du"$t'+ - ,= lect!res of one ho!r #!ration each N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ G10H Re5resentation of Logic' Logic Caria1les' Boolean Alge1ra' Boolean E&5ressions an# ini iDation of Boolean e&5ression !sing I$:a5 (!5 to fi2e 2aria1les"' Re2ie@ of Logic Gates' Aesign & I 5le entation of A##er' %!1tractor' :!lti5le&er' Ae$ !lti5le&er' Enco#er' Aeco#er' RO:' Aigital Co 5arators' Co#e Con2erters 27'>-27+>s G4H A *$ 1it e or3 cell' cloc8e# & !ncloc8e# fli5 flo5' %$R Fli5$Flo5' KI Fli5$Flo5' Race aro!n# Con#ition' :aster %la2e Fli5$Flo5' A & T t35e Fli5$Flo5' E&citation ta1le of Fli5$flo5s' Con2ersion of fli5$flo5s C+u t!"s 4 S#',t R!:'st!"s GBH Ri55le Co!nters' Aesign of :o#!lo$N Ri55le co!nter' /resetta1le Co!nters' U5$Ao@n co!nter' Aesign of s3nchrono!s co!nters @ith an# @itho!t loc8o!t con#itions' #esign of shift registers @ith shift$left' shift$right & 5arallel loa# facilities' Uni2ersal shift Registers PART B D$t$ C+ (!"t!"s G6H %a 5le & Hol# s@itch' A6A con2erters- 7eighte# resistor t35e' R$(R La##er t35e' :o#ifie# @eighte# resistor t35eH A6A Con2erters- Flash t35e' %!ccessi2e A55ro&i ation t35e' Co!nter$Ra 5 t35e' A!al %lo5e T35eH %5ecifications of AAC & AAC D':'t$7 /+:'* ,$5'7'!s GBH Characteristics of #igital circ!its- fan in' fan$o!t' 5o@er #issi5ation' 5ro5agation #ela3' Noise :argin' Transistor$transistor Logic (TTL"' T35es of TTL Gates (%chott83' %tan#ar#' lo@ 5o@er' high 11

s5ee#"' Tristate Logic & its a55lications' E itter Co!5le# Logic (ECL"' C:O%' Co 5arison of characteristics of TTL' ECL' an# C:O%4 S!5'*+ du*t+" 1!5+"'!s 4 P"+:"$55$&7! /+:'* G-H :e or3 OrganiDation' RO:' /RO:' E/RO:' EE/RO:' RA:' %tatic RA:' A3na ic RA: cell' :e or3 Cell' Rea#ing & 7riting O5eration in RA:' /LA' /AL & F/GA R!*+55! d!d B++9s t# 1. Aigital Aesign B3 1+""'s 1$ +, PHI, 4 !d't'+ 2. Aigital %3ste /rinci5les & A55lications 13 R J T+**' (/HI" 3. Aigital Integrate# Electronics 13 T$u& S*#'77' :, T1H, /$t!st !d't'+ . 4. Integrate# Electronics 13 1'775$ 4 H$79'$s, T1H JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJ P$>!" T't7!C- D':'t$7 E7!*t"+ '*s (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC<64 C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts 1. To %t!#3 the #ata sheets of TTL an# ECL gates 2. I 5le entation of A##er an# %!1tractor !sing Logic Gates4 3. I 5le entation of Binar3 A##er6%!1tractor4 4. I 5le entation of BCA A##er4 5. Aesign &i 5le entation of Co 1inational circ!its !sing :!lti5le&ers 6. Aesign an# i 5le ent a Uni2ersal shift register ha2ing shift$right' shift$left' %I%O' /I/O ca5a1ilities4 7. I 5le entation of Fli5$flo5s !sing Logic Gates4 8. I 5le entations of Ri55le co!nter4 9. I 5le entation of :o#!lo$N %3nchrono!s Co!nter4 10. I 5le entation of %3nchrono!s co!nters @ith !n!se# states an#6or a2oi#ing Loc8 O!t con#ition4 11. To con2ert ? 1it Aigital #ata to Analog 2al!e !sing AAC 12. To con2ert Analog 2al!e into ? 1it Aigital #ata !sing AAC 13. To /erfor Arith etic & Logic o5erations on t@o ,$1it 1inar3 n! 1ers !sing an ALU4 14. To Transfer the Aata 1et@een Three Registers thro!gh Tristate Circ!it 15. To Un#erstan# Aeco#er6Ari2er an# their a55lications @ith #is5la34 To #is5la3 a co!nt fro )) to BB @ith a #ela3 of N secon#s4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C E :' !!"' : 1$t#!5$t'*s A III P$>!" C+d!C AS<01 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E4 12 Ti e- + ho!rs4

C+u"s! du"$t'+ - ,= lect!res of one ho!r #!ration each N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A S!Fu! *!s $ d S!"'!sC ()?" %eE!ences' Li its of seE!ences' Infinite series' series of 5ositi2e ter s' Integral test' Co 5arison test' Ratio test' Root test4 Alternating series' A1sol!te an# Con#itional Con2ergence' Lei1nitD test4 /o@er series- ra#i!s of con2ergence of 5o@er series' Ta3lorOs an# :acla!rinOs %eries' For !lae for re ain#er ter in Ta3lor an# :acla!rin series' Error esti ates4 (%co5e as in Cha5ter ?' %ections ?4* Q ?4*) of Reference ("4 /' !$" A7:!&"$C ()>" Conce5t of linear in#e5en#ence an# #e5en#ence' Ran8 of a atri&- Ro@ Q Echelon for ' %3ste of linear eE!ations- Con#ition for consistenc3 of s3ste of linear eE!ations' %ol!tion 13 Ga!ss eli ination etho#4 In2erse of a atri&- Ga!ss Q Kor#an eli ination etho# (%co5e as in Cha5ter <' %ections <4+ Q <4=' <4> of Reference *"4 Eigen 2al!es' eigen 2ectors' Ca3le3 Q Ha ilton theore (state ent onl3"4 %i ilarit3 of atrices' Basis of eigen2ectors' #iagonaliDation (%co5e as in Cha5ter >' %ections >4*' >4= of Reference *"4 ()>" PART - B C+5>7!6 2u *t'+ sC ()?" Aefinition of a Co 5le& F!nction' Conce5t of contin!it3 an# #ifferentia1ilit3 of a co 5le& f!nction' Ca!ch3 Q Rie ann eE!ations' necessar3 an# s!fficient con#itions for #ifferentia1ilit3 (%tate ent onl3"4 %t!#3 of co 5le& f!nctions- E&5onential f!nction' Trigono etric f!nctions' H35er1olic f!nctions' real an# i aginar3 5art of trigono etric an# h35er1olic f!nctions' Logarith ic f!nctions of a co 5le& 2aria1le' co 5le& e&5onents (%co5e as in Cha5ter *(' %ections *(4+ Q *(4,' *(4< Q *(4? of Reference *"4 La!rent %eries of f!nction of co 5le& 2aria1le' %ing!larities an# Leros' Resi#!es at si 5le 5oles an# Resi#!e at a 5ole of an3 or#er' Resi#!e Theore (%tate ent onl3" an# its si 5le a55lications (%co5e as in Cha5ter *=' %ections *=4* Q *=4+ of Reference *"4 ()>" Confor al :a55ings' Linear Fractional Transfor ations (%co5e as in Cha5ter *(' %ections *(4=' *(4B of Reference *"4 ()?" R!,!"! *!sC *4 E4 Ire3sDig4 A#2ance# Engineering :athe atics' Eighth E#ition' Kohn 7ile34 (4 G4 B4 Tho as' R4 L4 Finne3- Calc!l!s' Ninth E#ition' /earson E#!cation4 +4 :ichael A4 Green1erg4 A#2ance# Engineering :athe atics' %econ# E#ition' /earson E#!cation4 ,4 R4 C4 Ch!rchill' K4 74 Bro@n4 Co 5le& Caria1les an# A55lications' %i&th E#ition' :cGra@$ Hill' %inga5ore' *BB<4 13

=4 Ci2e8 %ahai' Ci8as Bist4 Linear Alge1ra' Narosa /!1lishing Ho!se' Ne@ Aelhi' ())(4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C- 0&%!*t 0"'! t!d P"+:"$55' : (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC <1; 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E< Ti e- + ho!rs

C+u"s! du"$t'+ - ,= lect!res of one ho!r #!ration each N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A P"' *'>7!s +, 0&%!*t!d 0"'! t!d P"+:"$55' : G<H A#2antages of OO/' co 5arison of OO/ @ith /roce#!ral /ara#ig

CKK C+ st"u*ts G4H To8ens' E&5ressions an# control str!ct!res' 2ario!s #ata t35es' an# #ata str!ct!res' Caria1le #eclarations' A3na ic InitialiDations' O5erators an# %co5e of O5erators' T35ecasting' Unfor atte# an# for atte# console I6O O5erations 2u *t'+ s G;H Classes an# O10ects- /rotot35ing' Referencing the 2aria1les in f!nctions' Inline' static an# frien# f!nctions4 :e or3 allocation for classes an# o10ects' Arra3s of o10ects' 5ointers to e 1er f!nctions4 C+ st"u*t+"s $ d D!st"u*t+"s G;H Characteristics an# its 2ario!s t35es' A3na ic Constr!ctors' A55lications' Or#er of In2ocation' C99 gar1age collection' #3na ic e or3 allocation4 P+7)5+">#'s5 G;H Using f!nction an# O5erator o2erloa#ing' o2erloa#ing !sing frien# F!nctions' t35e con2ersions fro 1asic #ata t35es to !ser #efine# an# 2ice 2ersa4 PART B I #!"'t$ *! G;H Aeri2e# classes' T35es of Inheritance' T35es of classes' In2ocation of Constr!ctors an# Aestr!ctors in Inheritance' Aggregation' Co 5osition' classification hierarchies' etaclass6a1stract classes4 P+' t!"s 14 F;H

Constant 5ointers' Use of this /ointer' /ointer to #eri2e# an# 1ase classes' 2irt!al f!nctions' Bin#ings' /!re 2irt!al F!nctions an# 5ol3 or5his IE0 0>!"$t'+ s $ d 2'7!s Classes for files' O5erations on a file' file 5ointers G4H

G! !"'* P"+:"$55' : ='t# T!5>7$t!s G6H Aefinition of class te 5late' F!nction Te 5lates' O2erloa#ing Te 5late F!nctions' Class te 5lates an# e 1er f!nctions te 5lates @ith 5ara eters' %tan#ar# C99 classes' 5ersistent o10ects' strea s an# files' na es5aces' e&ce5tion han#ling' generic classes' stan#ar# te 5late li1rar3- Li1rar3 organiDation an# containers' stan#ar# containers' algorith an# F!nction o10ects' iterators an# allocators' strings' strea s' ani5!lators' !ser #efine# ani5!lators an# 2ectors I t"+du*t'+ t+ 0&%!*t 0"'! t!d S)st!5, A $7)s's $ d D!s': G<H R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 O10ect Oriente# /rogra ing @ith C99 B3 Bala G!r!s@a 3' T:H' E#ition +r# (4 C99 /ri er /l!s B3 /rata' /earson E#!cation' E#ition *st +4 The C99 /rogra ing Lang!age B3 B0arne %tro!tstr!5' E#ition +r# ,4 O10ect Oriente# /rogra ing @ith Ansi an# T!r1o C99'Ia thane' /earson E#!cation' st E#ition * =4 The Co 5lete Reference to c99 B3 %chil#t' T:H' E#ition ,th <4 OO/s Using C99 B3 %an0ee2 %ofat' Ihanna /!1lishions' E#ition Latest JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C- 0&%!*t 0"'! t!d P"+:"$55' : (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC <6; C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 I 5le entation of F!nctions' Classes an# O10ects (4 Constr!ctors an# Aestr!ctors +4 O5erator O2erloa#ing an# T35e Con2ersion ,4 Inheritance an# Cirt!al F!nctions =4 Files <4 E&ce5tion Han#ling an# Generic /rogra ing

15

20URTH SE1ESTER P$>!" T't7!C- A $7+: E7!*t"+ '* C'"*u'ts-D (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC 411$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E4 Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 0>!"$t'+ $7 A5>7','!"C Bloc8 #iagra of a t35ical O5$A 5' %che atic s3 1ol' Characteristics an# 5erfor ance 5ara eters of i#eal O5$A 5' O5en loo5 config!rations- Aifferential' In2erting & Non In2erting4 /ractical O5$A 5- offset 2oltage anal3sis an# co 5ensation' in5!t 1ias an# offset c!rrent anal3sis an# co 5ensation' Change in In5!t offset 2oltage an# In5!t offset c!rrent @ith ti e' Te 5erat!re an# s!55l3 2oltage' Co on o#e config!ration an# Co on o#e re0ection Ratio' FreE!enc3 res5onse' sle@ rate4 FBG 0>-$5> A>>7'*$t'+ sC AC an# AC a 5lifiers' /ea8ing a 5lifiers' %! ing' %caling an# A2eraging a 5lifiers' Aifferential a 5lifier' Instr! entation a 5lifiers' C to I an# I to C con2erters' Aifferentiator an# integrator' A to A an# A to A con2erters' Log an# antilog a 5lifiers' %a 5le an# hol# circ!its4 G6H S='t*#' : C#$"$*t!"'st'*s +, D!('*!sC Aio#e an# transistor as electronic s@itch' Brea8#o@n echanis in #io#e' Effect of te 5erat!re on #io#e' Charge storage 5heno ena' %@itching ti es in #io#e an# transistor' Aela3 ti e' Rise ti e' %torage ti e an# fall ti e4 G;H PART B

/' !$" L$(! S#$>' :C Lo@ 5ass RC Net@or8' Res5onse to stan#ar# @a2efor s circ!its' Integrator High /ass RC circ!its' Res5onse to stan#ar# @a2efor s' Aifferentiator' Ao!1le #ifferentiation4 F,G N0N- /' !$" L$(! S#$>' :C Cli55ing circ!its (#io#e & transistor"' Aio#e co 5arators' Transistor #ifferential co 5arator' O5erational a 5lifier co 5arator' cla 5ing circ!its' /ractical cla 5ing circ!it 'cla 5ing circ!it theore 4 F,G 0s*'77$t+"sC Con#ition for s!staine# oscillation' Bar8ha!sen criterion' R$C 5hase shift' Hartle3' Col5itts' Cr3stal an# 7ien Bri#ge Oscillators' FreE!enc3 sta1ilit3 criterion4 F,G A*t'(! 2'7t!" C B!tter@orth Filters' Ban#$/ass Filters4 F+G R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4Electronics Circ!it Anal3sis an# Aesign 13 Aonal# A4 Nea en' Tata :cGra@ Hill 16

(4O5$A 5s an# Liner integrate# Circ!its 13 Ra a8ant A4 Ga3a8@ar#' ,th e#ition' /earson E#!cation Asia Lo@ 5rice E#ition +4Integrate# electronics 13 :ill an & Hal8ias' T:H' Latest E#ition ,4/o@er Electronics 13 /4C4 %en4' Tata :cGra@ Hill =4/!lse an# Aigital %@itching Circ!its 13 :illi an' Ta!1H Tata :cgra@ Hill <4/!lse an# Aigital Circ!its 13 :othi8i %4 /ra8ash RaoH Tata :cgra@ Hill >4/!lse & Aigital Circ!its' 13 Rao I' /earson E#!cation4 ?4%@itching Theor3 & Logic Aesign' 13 Rao ' /earson E#!cation4 B47a2e Generation an# %ha5ing 13 %tra!ss :cGra@ Hill4 *)4/!lse an# %@itching Circ!its 13 %an0ee2 I! arH Ahan5at Rai & Co 5an3 P$>!" T't7!C- A $7+: E7!*t"+ '* C'"*u'ts-D (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC 46C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E&5eri ents *4To st!#3 the /s5ice %i !lation soft@are (4Aesign fa1rication & testing of Aifferentiator Circ!its !sing O5$A 5 & si !late !sing /$s5ice +4Aesign fa1rication & testing of Integrator Circ!its !sing O5$A 5 & si !late !sing /$s5ice ,4Aesign fa1rication & testing of a##er6%!1tractor Circ!its !sing O5$A 5 & si !late !sing /$ s5ice =4Aesign fa1rication & testing of Cli55ers an# Cla 5ers Circ!its !sing O5$A 5 & si !late !sing /$s5ice <4Aesign fa1rication & testing of Uni2ersal Acti2e filter & si !late !sing /$s5ice >4To st!#3 the freE!enc3 res5onse of O/$A 5 & si !late !sing /$s5ice ?4To #esign B!tter @orth Lo@ 5ass filter & si !late !sing /$s5ice B4To #esign B!tter @orth High 5ass filter & si !late !sing /$s5ice *)4To #esign B!tter @orth Ban# 5ass filter & si !late !sing /$s5ice **4Hartle3 an# Col5itts Oscillator4 *(4RC /hase shift oscillator4 P$>!" T't7!C C+55u '*$t'+ T#!+") P$>!" C+d!C EC4D1 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E4

T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A R!('!= +, S': $7s 4 S)st!5s GBH Classification of signals an# s3ste s' Fo!rier series & Fo!rier transfor of Contin!o!s ti e signals 5erio#ic an# a5erio#ic signals' %tan#ar# signals' I 5!lse res5onse of an LTI s3ste an# its 5ro5erties4 S$5>7' : T#!+"!5 (;) %a 5ling Theore an# its 5roof' N3E!ist rate an# inter2al' %a 5ling theore for 1an# 5ass' Effect of !n#er sa 5ling' - Aliasing' Conce5t of correlation' A!tocorrelation f!nction an# its 5ro5erties' Cross$Correlation' Analog3 1et@een Con2ol!tion an# Correlation' /arse2alOs /o@er an# Energ3 Theore ' E%A an# /%A4 17

R$ d+5 S': $7 T#!+") G10H /ro1a1ilit3 theor3( E&5eri ent' %a 5le s5ace' E2ent" ' Con#itional an# Koint /ro1a1ilit3' Ran#o 2aria1les$#iscrete & Contin!o!s' /ro5erties of /AF an# CAF' Koint an# con#itional /AF' %tatistical a2erages of Ran#o Caria1les$:ean' :o ents an# 2ariance' %tan#ar# /AFs$ Unifor ' Ga!ssian an# Ra3leigh #istri1!tion' Ense 1le an# Ti e a2erage' %tationar3 an# Non$stationar3 Ran#o /rocess' Ergo#ic /rocess4 N+'s! 4 I t!",!"! *! G10H Classification of Noise' %o!rces of noise' FreE!enc3 #o ain re5resentation of noise' Noise s5ectral #ensit3' Calc!lation of Ther al Noise for :!lti5le Noise %o!rces (%eries an# /arallel"' A7GN' EE!i2alent Noise Resistance' EE!i2alent Noise Te 5erat!re' EE!i2alent Noise Ban#@i#th' Linear filtering of noise' ' Noise calc!lations' Noise factor' Noise Fig!res of #e2ices & circ!its' Noise in casca#e# net@or8s(Friss For !la"' PART B B$s!&$ d Pu7s! T"$ s5'ss'+ G4H Effect of Noise on Trans itte# %ignal' Transfer F!nction an# /ro1a1ilit3 of Error of O5ti ! an# :atche# filters' I 5!lse res5onse an# 5ro5erties of :atche# filter4

Filter

B$s'* I ,+"5$t'+ T#!+") GBH Conce5t Infor ation' Entro5ies of Aiscrete %3ste s' Rate of trans ission$ Re#!n#anc3' Entro53 a&i iDation' Trans ission rate of Channels' ca5acit3 of Nois3 channels' Channel ca5acit3' Contin!o!s Channel' %hannonOs Theore ' %hannon Hartle3 theore ' Ban#@i#th an# %6N tra#e$ off' H!ff an Co#ing' %hannon Fano Co#ing' Co#ing Efficienc34 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 M/rinci5les of Co !nication %3ste sN' H4 Ta!1' A4 L4 %chilling' G4 %aha' :cGra@ Hill' ()** (4 MCo !nication %3ste sN ' %4 Ha38in' 7ile3 In#ia Li ite#' ,th E#ition +4 M:o#ern Aigital an# Analog Co !nication %3ste sN' B / Lathi' O&for# Uni2ersit3 /ress4 ,4 MCo !nication %3ste s- Analog an# AigitalN' R / %ingh an# % A %a5re' TATA :cGra@ Hill4 =4 MAigital %ignal /rocessingN' % %ali2ahan an# C Gnan5ri3a' :cGra@ Hill' %econ# E#ition4 <4 MAn Intro#!ction to Infor ation Theor3N F : ReDa' JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C- 1'*"+>"+*!ss+"s (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC 41; 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E4 Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 1'*"+>"+*!ss+" A"*#'t!*tu"! $ d 1'*"+*+5>ut!" S)st!5sG4H :icro5rocessor Architect!re :e or3' In5!t an# O!t5!t Ae2ices' The ?)?= :/U' E&a 5le of an ?)?=$Base# :icroco 5!ter' :e or3 Interfacing' The %AI$?= :e or3 %3ste 4 18

I t!",$*' : IE0 D!('*!sC G6H Basic Interfacing Conce5ts' Interfacing O!t5!t Ais5la3s' Interfacing In5!t Ae2ices' :e or3$ :a55e# I6O' Testing an# Tro!1leshooting' I6O Interfacing Circ!its4 P"+:"$55' : t#! B0B;C GBH Intro#!ction to ?)?= Asse 1l3 Lang!age /rogra ing' ?)?= /rogra ing :o#el' Instr!ction Classification' Instr!ction For at' Aata Transfer (Co53" O5erations' Arith etic O5erations' Logic O5erations' Branch O5erations' 7riting Asse 1l3 Lang!age /rogra s4 P"+:"$55' : T!*# 'Fu!s ='t# Add't'+ $7 I st"u*t'+ sC G;H /rogra ing TechniE!es Loo5ing' Co!nting an# In#e&ing' A##itional Aata Transfer an# *<$Bit Arith etic Instr!ctions' Arith etic O5erations Relate# to :e or3' Logic O5erations4 PART B C+u t!"s $ d T'5! D!7$)sC G4H Co!nters an# Ti e Aela3s' He&a#eci al Co!nter' :o#!lo Ten' Co!nter' Generating /!lse 7a2efor s' Ae1!gging Co!nter an# Ti e$Aela3 /rogra s St$*9 $ d Su&"+ut' !sC %tac8' %!1ro!tine' Con#itional Call an# Ret!rn Instr!ctions4 G<H I t!""u>ts C The ?)?= Interr!5t' ?)?= Cectore# interr!5ts4 I t!",$*' : D$t$ C+ (!"t!"sC Aigital$ to$ Analog (A6A" Con2erters' Analog$ to$Aigital (A6A" Con2erters4 G<H G4H

G! !"$7 APu">+s! P"+:"$55$&7! P!"'>#!"$7 D!('*!sGBH The ?(==A /rogra a1le /eri5heral Interface' Ill!stration- Interfacing Ie31oar# an# %e2en$ %eg ent Ais5la3' Ill!stration - Bi$ #irectional Aata Transfer 1et@een T@o :icroco 5!ters' The ?(=, /rogra a1le Inter2al Ti er' The ?(=B A /rogra a1le Interr!5t Controller' Airect :e or3 Access (A:A" an# the ?(=> A:A Controller' serial co !nication' /rogra a1le co !nications interface ?(=* R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Ra esh %4Gaon8ar' M:icro5rocessor Architect!re' /rogra ing an# A55lications @ith the ?)?=N' /enra International' E#ition +r# 4 (4 Ba#ri Ra ' MA#2ance# :icro5rocessors & InterfacingN ' Tata :C Gra@ Hill' E#ition *st +4 Charles :4 Gil ore' M:icro5rocessor /rinci5les an# A55licationsN' T:H E#ition *BB>4 E#ition (n# ,4 Ao!glas C4 Hall ' M:icro5rocessors an# Interfacing 5rogra ing an# Har#@are' E#ition (n# P$>!" T't7!C- 1'*"+>"+*!ss+"s (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC 46; C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 %i 5le 5rogra s for sorting a list of n! 1ers in ascen#ing an# #escen#ing or#er4 (4 %orting a list @itho!t #estro3ing the original list4 +4 Co#e con2ersion $ Binar3 to Gra36Gra3 to Binar34 ,4 /rogra for a##ition of BCA n! 1ers4 19

=4 /rogra for !lti5lication of ?$1it n! 1ers !sing BoothTs algorith 4 <4 Interface an LEA arra3 an# >$seg ent #is5la3 thro!gh ?(== an# #is5la3 a s5ecifie# 1it 5attern6character seE!ence at an inter2al of ( secon#s4 >4 /rogra for interfacing 1et@een t@o ?)?= 8its 13 !sing ?(==4 ?4 Interface an AAC chi5 @ith icro5rocessor 8it an# 2erif3 its o5eration4 B4 Interface an e&ternal ?(=+ to the icro5rocessor 8it at the a##ress gi2en4 Hence' i" generate a 5!lse train of s5ecifie# #!t3 c3cle at the gi2en o!t5!t line' ii" o5erate as a- N co!nter' iii" Co!nt a train of 5!lses for a gi2en #!ration4 *)4 Interface the gi2en icro5rocessor 8it to a 5ersonal co 5!ter thro!gh R4%$(+(C4 The 1an# rate is s5ecifie#4 Cerif3 #ata transfer in 1oth #irections (/ $ /C an# /C $ /" JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C- C+55u '*$t'+ E :' !!"' : P$>!" C+d!C EC 416 :a&4 :ar8s6Cre#it- =)6, Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A A5>7'tud! 1+du7$t'+ S)st!5s G11H Conce5t of :o#!lation' /rinci5le an# generation of A:' A%B6%C' %%B signal' Balance# o#!lator' A: Trans itter' Aetection of A:' A%B6%C' an# %%B signals' Noise in A:' A%B$%C' an# %%B s3ste s' %!5er hetero#3ne Recei2er' Co !nication Ra#io Recei2ers' %%B recei2er' Ai2ersit3 rece5tion4 A :7! 1+du7$t'+ G11H /rinci5les an# generation of F: an# /: signals' Reactance :o#!lator etho#' Ar strong :etho#' Aetection of F: an# /: signals' %lo5e Aetectors' Foster Aiscri inator' Ratio #etector' /LL #etector' /LL an# its characteristics' /re$e 5hasis an# Ae$e 5hasis' Noise consi#eration in F: an# /: s3ste ' Bloc8 #iagra s of F: Trans itter & F: recei2er' Nonlinear effects in F: s3ste s4 PART B Pu7s! 1+du7$t'+ 4 D!5+du7$t'+ G1DH Re2ie@ of sa 5ling /rinci5les' Generation an# Aetection of /A:' /7:' //:' U!antiDation' Co 5an#ing' Enco#ing' /C:' 1an#@i#th$noise tra#eoff' Linear /re#iction' Aifferential /C:' A#a5ti2e Aifferential /C:' Aelta o#!lation' A#a5ti2e Aelta o#!lation s3ste s' Noise in /C: an# A: s3ste s' TA: & FA:4 B$s!&$ d Pu7s! T"$ s5'ss'+ G11H :atche# Filter' Inter$s3 1ol Interference' Base1an# :$ar3 /A: trans ission' O5ti ! linear recei2er' A#a5ti2e EE!aliDation' Geo etric re5resentation of signals' Li8elihoo# f!nctions' Coherent #etection- :a&i ! li8elihoo# #eco#ing' Correlation recei2er' /ro1a1ilit3 of error4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 20

1. 2. 3. 4.

Co !nication %3ste s 13 %i on Ha38in' 7ile3 In#ia Lt#4 Electronic Co !nication %3ste s 13 G4 Ienne#3 '/!1- :c Gra@ Hill' E#ition ,th /rinci5les of Co !nication %3ste s 13 Ta!1 an# %chilling' E#ition (n# Electronic /rinci5les 13 Aennis Ro##3 & Kohn Coolin' /!1-/HI' E#ition Latest

P$>!" T't7!C- C+55u '*$t'+ E :' !!"' : (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC 466 Cre#it - *

/'st +, !6>!"'5! ts *4 To eas!re the o#!lation in#e& of A: signals !sing the tra5eDoi#al etho# (4 To st!#3 A%B6 %C A: signal an# its #e o#!lation !sing 5ro#!ct Aetector Circ!it4 +4 To st!#3 the 2oltages an# @a2efor s of 2ario!s stages of s!5er$hetero#3ne recei2er ,4 To eas!re the sensiti2it3 an# selecti2it3 of a s!5er hetero#3ne ra#io recei2er =4 To st!#3 the 2oltages an# @a2efor s of 2ario!s stages of F: Recei2er <4 To st!#3 the 5!lse co#e o#!lation an# #e$ o#!lation circ!it >4 To st!#3 the Ti e #i2ision !lti5le&ing an# #e$ !lti5le&ing circ!its4 ?4 To st!#3 #elta o#!lation an# #e o#!lation circ!its4 B4 To st!#3 sig a #elta o#!lation an# #e o#!lation circ!its4 *)4 To st!#3 /!lse A 5lit!#e :o#!lation' /!lse 7i#th :o#!lation' an# /!lse /osition :o#!lation4 **4 %t!#3 of o#!lation techniE!es on :ATLAB JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C- E7!*t"+5$: !t'* T#!+") (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC 4D0 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E4 Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions fro /art A & four fro

a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four

/art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' :

$t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 1$6=!77Ms !Fu$t'+ - G;H :a&@ellOs eE!ations in their integral an# #ifferential for s' :a&@ellOs eE!ations in free s5ace an# in har onicall3 2ar3ing fiel#s' /h3sical Inter5retation an# Bo!n#ar3 Con#itions4

P7$ ! =$(!s ' D'!7!*t"'* $ d C+ du*t' : 1!d'$- G1;H Unifor 5lane @a2e- 5ro5erties' relation 1et@een E an# HH Con#!ctors an# Aielectrics- 7a2e

eE!ations' @a2e 5ro5agation' Intrinsic i 5e#ance' s8in effect' rela&ation ti e' /o3nting Theore

21

an# Electro agnetic 2ector' a55lication to energ3 ra#iation' Celocities of 5ro5agation- gro!5 2elocit3' 5hase 2elocit3' Electro agnetic @a2e 5olariDation4 PART B T"$ s5'ss'+ 7' !sC GBH Basic 5rinci5le' EE!i2alent circ!it' /ri ar3 constants' Trans ission line 5ara eters' Trans ission line eE!ations' in5!t i 5e#ance' relation 1et@een infinite an# finite line' stan#ing @a2e ratio an# 5o@er4 Gu'd!d L$(!s- G.H 7a2es 1et@een 5arallel 5lanes' TE: @a2es' Fiel# anal3sis of T4:4 & T4E4 @a2e' Characteristics of T4:4 & T4E4 7a2es4 L$(! Gu'd!s- G10H Rectang!lar an# Circ!lar @a2eg!i#es- T4:4 & T4E4 :o#es' 7a2e i 5e#ance an# characteristic i 5e#ances' Atten!ation factor an# U of @a2eg!i#es4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s*4 Electro agnetic 7a2es & Ra#iation %3ste 13 E4C4 Kor#an & I4 G4 Bal ain' /rentice Hall In#ia4 (4 Electro agnetics 13 Ira!ss' :c Gra@ Hill' E#ition =TH 4 +4 Antennas an# 7a2e /ro5agation 13 G % N Ra0!' /earson 5!1lications' E#ition *%T ,4 Antennas an# Ra#io 7a2e /ro5agation 13 I A /rasa# %at3a /ra8ashan' E#ition Latest =4 Antenna an# Ra#io 7a2e /ro5agation' Collin R4E4' :c$Gra@ Hill' E#ition Latest JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C- D$t$ St"u*tu"!s 4 A7:+"'t#5s (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC 41B 1$6. 1$"9sE C"!d'tC ;0E< Ti e- + ho!rs N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ C Intro#!ction to #ata str!ct!res' Intro#!ction to Algorith s Co 5le&it34

GDH

A""$)s, St$*9s 4 Nu!u!sC GBH Conce5tsH Basic o5erations & their algorith s- Trans2erse' Insert' Aelete' %orting of #ata in these #ata str!ct!resH /refi&' Infi&' /ostfi& Notations4 /'stsC G11H Conce5ts of Lin8 List an# their re5resentationH T@o @a3 listsH Circ!lar lin8 listH Basic o5erations & their algorith s- Trans2erse' Insert' Aelete' %earching an# %orting of #ata in ListH %torage Allocation & Gar1age CollectionH Lin8e# stac8 an# E!e!esH GeneraliDe# ListH s5arse atri& re5resentation !sing generaliDe# list str!ct!re4 22

PART B T"!!sC GBH Binar3 Trees an# their re5resentation !sing arra3s an# lin8e# lists' Trees an# their a55lications' Binar3 tree trans2ersal' Inserting' #eleting an# searching in 1inar3 trees' Hea5 & Hea5 %ort' General Trees' Threa# 1inar3 tree' Height 1alance Tree (ACL"' B$Tree4 G"$>#s $ d t#!'" $>>7'*$t'+ sC GBH Gra5hs' Lin8e# Re5resentation of Gra5hs' Gra5h Tra2ersal an# s5anning forests' Ae5th first search' Brea#th first search4 S+"t' : 4 S!$"*#' :C GBH Insertion sort' %election sort' :erging' :erge sort' Ra#i& sort' %eE!ential & Binar3 %earch' In#e&e# %earch' Hashing sche es' Binar3 search Tree4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Aata %tr!ct!re Using C an# C99 13 A4 Tenen1a! ' Y4 Langsa ' :4 K4 A!genstein (/HI"'E#ition (n# (4 Theor3 an# 5ro1le s of Aata %tr!ct!res %e3 o!r Li5sch!tD (:cGra@ Hill"' E#ition *st +4 Aata %tr!ct!res & /rogra Aesign Ro1ert L4 Ir!se (/HI" ' E#ition +r# JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

23

2I2TH SE1ESTER P$>!" T't7!C I t!:"$t!d C'"*u'ts (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC ;06 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E< T'5!C < #+u"s N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ C General classification of Integrate# Circ!its' a#2antages of ICs o2er Aiscrete Co 5onents4 T#'*9 2'75 $ d T#' 2'75 H)&"'d ICsC Feat!res of H31ri# IC technolog3' Thic8 Fil technolog3' Thic8 fil 5rocessing' Thic8 Fil #esign' g!i#elines an# a55lications of thic8 fil h31ri#s4 Thin fil technolog3' Thin fil 5rocessing' Thin fil #esign' g!i#elines' a#2antage an# a55lications of Thin fil h31ri#s4 1+ +7't#'* IC P"+*!ss!sC Refining' an# gro@th of silicon cr3stals' %i$7afer 5re5aration' Aiff!sion of #o5ant i 5!rities' Aefication s3ste s' Ion i 5lantation' Ther al o&i#ation' /hotolithogra5h3' Fine Line lithogra5h3' Relati2e /las a etching' Che ical Ca5o!r Ae5osition (CCA"' :etalliDation' /ac8aging4 PART B 1+ +7't#'* C+5>+ ! tsC E5ita&ial #e2ices an# their characteristics' Bi5olar IC 5rocess' /$N 0!nction Isolation' :onolithic Bi5olar transistor constr!ctions' Aielectric isolation' Iso5laner an# other IC str!ct!res' :onolithic Aio#es' :onolithic K!nction FET%' :O%FET technolog3' %hort channel :O% str!ct!res' T35ical N:O%IC technologies for CL%I chi5s' Co 5le entar3 %3 etr3 :O%FET technologies' :onolithic resistors' :onolithic ca5acitors' IC crosso2er' /rocess :onitoring4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 1. Integrate# circ!its 13 I4R4 Bot8ar' Ihanna /!1lishers 2. /rinci5les of :icroelectronics Technolog3 13 A4 Nagcho!#h!ri' A H 7heele 3. CL%I Technolog3 13 %i on %De' Tata :c Gra@hill JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C 1'*"+*+ t"+77!"s $ d I t!",$*' : (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC ;0. 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E4 T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t.

24

PART A The ?)=* Architect!re-$ O2er2ie@ of :icro5rocessor an# :icrocontroller' ?)=* Architect!re' /in #iagra ' I6O 5ort str!ct!re' :e or3 OrganiDation' %5ecific F!nction Registers' :e or3' Reset o5eration4 Instr!ction %et %! ar3C- A##ressing o#es' Instr!ction t35es4 Ti er O5eration-$ Ti er o#e register' Ti er Control Register' Ti er o#es an# o2erflo@ flag' Cloc8ing so!rces' %tarting %to55ing' an# controlling the ti ers' IntialiDing an# accessing ti er registers' short inter2als an# long inter2als' Ba!# rate generation' %erial /ort O5eration-$ %erial 5ort control register' :o#es of o5eration' IntialiDing an# accessing serial 5ort registers' :!lti5rocessor co !nications' %erial 5ort 1a!# rates F(+G PART B Interr!5ts-$Interr!5t OrganiDation' /rocessing Interr!5ts' /rogra Aesign !sing Interr!5ts' %erial 5ort Interr!5ts' E&ternal Interr!5ts' Interr!5t Ti ings ' ?)=* Asse 1l3 Lang!age /rogra ingCAsse 1ler o5eration' Asse 1l3 lang!age 5rogra for at' Asse 1ler Qti e e&5ression e2al!ation' Asse 1ler #irecti2es' Asse 1ler controls' Lin8er o5eration' :acros' /rogra str!ct!re an# #esign' Real 7orl# Interfacing Interfacing of ?)=* to LCA' AAC' AAC' %ensors' %te55er :otor' Ie31oar#4 Interfacing to E&ternal :e or3' Interfacing to the ?(==4 F((G R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 I4 %cott :ac8enDie' MThe ?)=* :icrocontrollerN' /rentice Hall4 (4 :!ha a# Ali :aDi#i' K4G4 :aDi#i' M:icrocontroller an# E 1e##e# %3ste sN' /earson E#!cation Asia4 +4 Ienneth K4 A3ala' M The ?)=* :icrocontroller$ Architect!re' /rogra ing an# A5llicationsN' /enra International4 ,4 %an0a3 Attri' M:icrocontrollers an# /LCOsN' Ahan5at Rai an# %ons4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C 1'*"+*+ t"+77!"s $ d I t!",$*' : (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!- EC ;;. C"!d'tC *

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 7rite 5rogra s for Aata :o2ing Instr!ctions' B3te Le2el an# Bit Le2el Logical O5erations' Rotate an# %@a5 o5erations' Arith etic O5erations' K! 5 an# Call Instr!ctions' Calls an# %!1ro!tines' Interr!5ts an# ret!rns as follo@s(4 7rite a 5rogra to co 5!te s! of N nat!ral n! 1ers4 +4 7rite a 5rogra to fin# the s allest ele ent of an arra3 of N integers4 ,4 7rite a 5rogra to 5erfor BINARY %EARCH on an arra3 that is sorte# in ascen#ing or#er4 =4 7rite a 5rogra to co 5!te the s! of o## ele ents of an arra3 of ?$1it integers4 <4 Co 5!te the a##ress of the ele ents of = & = atri& >4 :!lti5l3 t@o ( & ( atrices4 Tr3 to a8e it generaliDe#4 ?4 7rite 5rogra s for Ti er Interr!5ts' %erial 5ort Interr!5ts4 B4 7rite 5rogra s for Interfacing of ?)=* to LCA' AAC' AAC' %ensors' %te55er :otor' 8e31oar#' Interfacing to E&ternal :e or3' Interfacing to the ?(==4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ 25

P$>!" T't7!C- V/SI D!s': (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC ;1D 1$6. 1$"9sEC"!d'tC ;0E< T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ t+ 10S T!*# +7+:) (.) Basic /h3sics an# :o#eling of :O%FETs- :O%FET Characteristics Q Threshol# Coltage' Bo#3 Bias conce5t' C!rrent$Coltage Characteristics Q %E!are$La@ :o#el' Geo etric %caling Theor3 Q F!ll$ Coltage %caling' Constant$Coltage %caling' Challenges of :O%FET %caling Q %hort Channel Effects4 10S I (!"t!" D!s': (-) n:O% in2erter ( Resisti2e Loa#' #e5letion an# enhance t35e :O% loa#" an# C:O% in2erter- Basic Circ!it O5eration' static characteristics an# s@itching characteristics' Noise :argins' A3na ic /o@er Aissi5ation Q %@itching /o@er Aissi5ation' %hort Circ!it /o@er Aissi5ation' Glitching /o@er Aissi5ation' %tatic /o@er Aissi5ation Q Aio#e Lea8age C!rrent' %!1$threshol# Lea8age C!rrent' Conce5t of BiC:O% in2erter4 10S *'"*u't D!s': P"+*!ss!s (6) :O% la3ers' %tic8 Aiagra s' n:O% #esign st3le' C:O% #esign st3le' Aesign r!les an# la3o!t' La 1#a 1ase# #esign r!les' contact c!ts' Ao!1le :etal :O% 5rocess r!les' C:O% la 1#a$1ase# #esign r!les4 PART B C'"*u't C#$"$*t!"'O$t'+ (-) %heet Resistance esti ation for :O% transistor an# in2erter' Ca5acitance Esti ation' :O% In2erter %@itching Characteristics Q Aela3 ti e #efinition an# calc!lation' In2erter #esign @ith #ela3 ti e constraints rise ti e' fall ti e' Ari2ing Large Ca5aciti2e Loa#s- casca#e# in2erter' s!5er 1!ffers' BiC:O% Ari2er4 C10S /+:'* D!s': (-) :O%FET %@itch Logic' TG$1ase# %@itch Logic' %tatic C:O% Logic - C:O% NANA an# NOR Gate' VOR' co 1inational circ!it' A##er Circ!its' E&a 5le of C:O% an# Trans ission gate A$t35e Latch #esign' BiC:O% logic circ!its' Charge %haring' Cloc8e#$C:O%' /re$Charge6 E2al!ate Logic' Ao ino Logic4 D!s': S)st!5 T!st' : (;) Aesigning for Testa1ilit3' %can Aesign TechniE!es' %ignat!re anal3sis TechniE!e an# Bo!n#ar3 %can Test4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 /rinci5les of C:O% CL%I Aesign$ Neil H4E4 7este an# Ia ran Eshraghian' A##ison$7esle34 (4 C:O% Aigital Integrate# Circ!its$ %!ng$ :o (%te2e" Iang an# Y!s!f Le1le1ici' :c$gra@ Hill +4 Basic CL%I Aesign$Ao!glas$ A4 /!c8nell' /HI ,4 Aigital Integrate# Circ!it Aesign$ Ien :artin' OVFORA Uni2ersit3 /ress4 26

JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ J P$>!" T't7!C-V/SI D!s': (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!C EC ;6D C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts (T-SPICE) *4 Intro#!ction to Tanner tool4 (4 Transient anal3sis of Aigital In2erter4 +4 Transient anal3sis of NOR' OR4 ,4 Transient anal3sis of NANA' ANA4 =4 AC an# AC anal3sis of In2erter4 <4 AC an# AC anal3sis of Co on so!rce a 5lifier config!ration4 >4 AC an# AC anal3sis of 1asic :O% 1ase# c!rrent irror4 R!,!"! *!sC *4 Aesign of Analog C:O% Integrate# Circ!its$ BehDa# RaDa2i' Tata :cGra@ Hill /!1lishing Co 5an3' Ne@ Aelhi4 (4 %/ICE for circ!its an# electronics !sing /%/ICE$ :!ha a# H4 Rashi#' /rentice Hall In#ia /2t4 Lt#4' Ne@ Aelhi4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C A t! P$>!" C+d!C EC ;0-

$s 4 L$(! P"+>$:$t'+ (T#!+")) 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E< T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A A t! $ R$d'$t'+ G1;H Antenna /ara eters- Antenna i 5e#ance' Airectional 5atterns' Effecti2e length' Ra#iation Intensit3' Airecti2it3' /o@er gain' Efficienc3' Effecti2e area' EE!i2alent circ!it' Front to 1ac8 ratio' 5olariDation an# antenna te 5erat!re' Ra#iation fiel#' Ra#iation 5o@er' Ra#iation resistance' Airecti2it3 an# gain of an alternating c!rrent ele ent' half @a2e #i5ole an# E!arter @a2e ono5ole' Effect of earth on 5atterns4 A t! $ A""$)sC G10H :!lti5lication of 5atterns' one #i ensional 1roa#si#e an# en#fire arra3s' Fee# net@or8 for arra3sseries' sh!nt' #elta atching' I 5e#ance atching- Fol#e# #i5ole' BALUN% an# st!1s' Yagi U#a arra3' log$5erio#ic arra3s' Aol5h$Teche13sheff arra3s4 PART B P"$*t'*$7 A t! $sC GBH To5 loa#ing an# t!ning' rho 1ic antennas' ferrite ro#' @hi5 antennas' Recei2ing antennas' freE!enc3 in#e5en#ent antennas4 27

L$(! P"+>$:$t'+ C G1DH :o#es of /ro5agation- %!rface 7a2e /ro5agation' %83 7a2e (Ionos5heric" /ro5agation$ Cirt!al height' :a&i ! !sa1le FreE!enc3' %8i5 Aistance' O5ti ! @or8ing freE!enc3' %5ace 7a2e (Tro5os5heric" /ro5agation$ line of sight #istance4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 1. Antennas an# 7a2e /ro5agation 13 G % N Ra0!' /earson 5!1lications 2. Antennas an# Ra#io 7a2e /ro5agation 13 I A /rasa# %at3a /ra8ashan 3. Antenna an# Ra#io 7a2e /ro5agation 13 Collin R4E4 :c$Gra@ Hill4 4. Antenna an# Ra#io 7a2e /ro5agation 13 Ira!ss' T:H 5. Antenna an# Ra#io 7a2e /ro5agation 13 Ballanis' 0ohn 7ile3 & %ons

P$>!" T't7!C D':'t$7 S)st!5 D!s': (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!- EC ;10 1$6 1$"9sEC"!d'tsC ;0E< Ti e- + ho!rs

4 N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A C+5&' $t'+ $7 C'"*u'tsC GD0H Re2ie@ of s@itching alge1ra- Aefinitions' Theore s' F!nctions of n 2aria1le' Logic Aetaile# Aiagra an# %3 1ols ini iDation' :ini iDation TechniE!es- o5ti al co 1inations @ith I$ a5 an# ta1!lar etho#s' si 5lification & ini iDation' co 5li entar3 a55roach @ith a5 etho#' a5 etho# for !lti$o!t5!t f!nctions' Ta1!lar an# Iterati2e consens!s etho# for o1taining 5ri e i 5licants for single an# !lti$o!t5!t f!nctions4 Error Correction an# Aetection- Error #etection an# correction techniE!es' %ingle error #etection' %ingle error correction @ith #o!1le error Fa!lt #etection an# Location in co 1inational circ!its- Aifferent locating Fa!lts in co 1inational circ!its4 PART B S!Fu! t'$7 C'"*u'ts GD;H %3nchrono!s circ!its- Conce5t of state #iagra an# state ta1le' state assign ent' Anal3sis an# s3nthesis of seE!ential circ!its' #esigns of Ne&t state #eco#er an# o!t5!t #eco#er' state re#!ction' :achine ini iDation of co 5letel3 an# inco 5letel3 s5ecifie# achines4 As3nchrono!s Circ!its- Anal3sis an# %3nthesis of As3nchrono!s circ!its' Races an# C3cles' haDar#s in as3nchrono!s circ!its4 %eE!ential :achine Flo@ Charts' s3nthesis !sing seE!ential achine flo@ charts4 Fa!lt #etection an# Location in seE!ential circ!its4 28 etho#s of #etecting an#

R!*+55! *4 (4 +4 ,4 =4 <4

d!d B++9s %@itching an# Finite A!to ata Theor3 13 Ioha2i' T:H4 %@itching Theor3 & Logic Aesign 13 Rao' /earson E#4 Aigital circ!its an# Logic Aesign B3 Lee' /HI4 Co 5!ter Logic Aesign' :orris :ano' /HI %@itching circ!its for Engineers' :arc!s' /HI Intro#!ction to Aigital s3ste s' Ka es /al ier' Aa2i# /erl an

JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJ P$>!" T't7!C D':'t$7 S)st!5 D!s': (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC ;60 C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 To Aesign an# test the ini iDe# circ!it of F!ll A##er4 (4 To Aesign an# test the ini iDe# circ!it of BCA to Binar3 Con2erter +4 I 5le ent #eca#e co!nter !sing ini ! n! 1er of gates ,4 To test the ini iDe# circ!it of Aeci al to BCA Enco#er =4 Aesign an# test he&a#eci al to 1inar3 Enco#er <4 I 5le ent an# test BCA to >$%eg ent #eco#er >4 Aesign a seE!ence #etector to #etect a gi2en seE!ence ?4 Aesign an# test t@iste# t35e ring co!nter B4 I 5le ent the ini iDe# circ!it of :o#!lo$< co!nter *)4 To #esign' i 5le ent an# test a *< -, !lti5le&er !sing logic gates4 **4 To #esign' i 5le ent an# test a ,-*< #e !lti5le&er !sing logic gates4 *(4 Aesign & test Kohnson Co!nter4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" t't7!C C+5>ut!" N!t=+"9s (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC;11 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E4 T'5!C < #+u"s

C+u"s! du"$t'+ - ,= lect!res of one ho!r #!ration each N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ C G;H Co 5!ter Net@or8s' Net@or8 Har#@are' Net@or8 %oft@are' O%I & TC/6I/ Reference o#els' AR/ANET' Fra e Rela3' Intro#!ction to Internet' AT:' Net@or8 #e2ices- H!1' Bri#ge' %@itch (La3er ( & La3er +"' Ro!ter & Gate@a3' A##ressing- /h3sical a##resses' Logical a##resses' /ort A##resses4 29

P#)s'*$7 /$)!"C G;H Aata Co !nication conce5ts' 7ire# an# 7ireless trans ission e#ia' Trans ission I 5air ents an# /erfor ance' /arallel an# %erial Trans ission' %@itching' Circ!it %@itching' /ac8et %@itching' an# Cirt!al Circ!it %@itching' Intro#!ction to /%TN4 D$t$ /' 9 /$)!" G6H Aata lin8 la3er Aesign Iss!es' Fra ing' Error Aetection an# Correction' Flo@ Control' %li#ing 7in#o@ /rotocols' HALC' %LI/' an# ///4 1!d'u5 A**!ss C+ t"+7 Su&7$)!" G6H Channel Allocation' ALOHA' %lotte# ALOHA' C%:A' C%:A6CA' IEEE LAN %tan#ar#s- Ethernet (?)(4+"' Giga1it Ethernet' 7ireless LAN (?)(4**"' Broa#1an# 7ireless (?)(4*<"' Bl!etooth4 PART B N!t=+"9 /$)!"C G1DH Net@or8 la3er Aesign Iss!es' I/2, an# I/2< %tr!ct!re an# a##resses' Ro!ting algorith sQ %hortest 5ath' Floo#ing' Aistance Cector Ro!ting an# Lin8 %tate Ro!tingH General 5rinci5les of Congestion Control' Congestion Control in Aatagra an# Cirt!al Circ!it %!1nets' Brief i#ea of U!alit3 of %er2ice' Internet@or8ing' I/ 5rotocol' I/ A##resses' Internet Control /rotocols' %!1netting an# %!5ernetting' AR/' NAT' AHC/4 T"$ s>+"t /$)!"C The Trans5ort %er2ice' Ele ents of Trans5ort /rotocols' TC/ & UA/ /rotocols G;H

A>>7'*$t'+ /$)!"C G6H Ao ain Na e %3ste ' %:T/' FT/' TELNET' HTT/' 777' %N:/' :!lti e#ia' an# Cr35togra5h34 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 A4 %4 Tanen1a! ' MCo 5!ter Net@or8sN' ,th E#ition' /HI' ()), (4 B4 A4 Foro!Dan' MAata Co !nications an# Net@or8ingN' T:H' *st e#' ()))4 +4 7illia %tallings' MAata & Co 5!ter Co !nicationN' /HI' <th E#ition' ())(4 ,4 %4 Iesha2' MAn Engineering a55roach to Co 5!ter Net@or8ingN' A##ison 7esle3' *BBB JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJJJJ

30

SI3TH SE1ESTER P$>!" t't7!C Ad($ *!d 1'*"+>"+*!ss+"s (T#!+")) 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC =)6, Ti e- + ho!rs

P$>!" C+d!- EC 60.

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A B0B6 A"*#'t!*tu"!C C/U Architect!re' Internal o5eration' a##ressing e&ec!tion ti ing4

G4H o#es' instr!ctions for ats' Instr!ction G.H achine control' logical'

Ass!5&7) /$ :u$:! P"+:"$55' :C Asse 1ler Instr!ction for ats' Aata Transfer' Arith etic' Branch' loo5' %hift an# rotate instr!ctions' Airecti2es an# o5erators4 1+du7$" P"+:"$55' :C G4H Lin8ing & relocation' stac8s' 5roce#!res' Interr!5t an# ro!tines4 B)t! A d St"' : 1$ '>u7$t'+ C G4H %tring instr!ction' 5refi&' te&t e#itor' n! 1er for at con2ersion4 IE0 P"+:"$55' :C F!n#a ental I6O consi#eration 5rogra

G<H e# I6O' Interr!5t I6O' Bloc8 Transfer an# A:A4 PART B

S)st!5 Bus St"u*tu"!C G;H :ini ! o#e' :a&i !

o#e s3ste

1!s ti ing an# 1!s stan#ar#4 GBH

Nu5!"'* D$t$ P"+*!ss+"C ?)?>' NO/ #ata t35es' /rocessor architect!re

I t!7 <B6 A d 4B6 1'*"+>"+*!ss+"sC G10H Intel +?< :icro5rocessor' Intel ,?< :icro5rocessor' ,?<AV Architect!re' Register Organisation of ,?< :icro5rocessor' e or3 organiDation' Cirt!al :e or3' :e or3 :anage ent Unit(::U"' Interr!5ts an# E&ce5tions' A##ressing :o#es of ?),?<4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 :icroco 5!ter %3ste s ?)?<6?)??W Fa il3 Y! Cheng Li! an# G4A4Gi1son' /HI (4 IntelTs :icrocontroller Han#1oo8 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C Ad($ *!d 1'*"+>"+*!ss+"s (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!- EC 6;. 31 C"!d't- *

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 7rite a 5rogra to loa# register A' B' C an# A @ith sa e constant (e4g4A*"4 Tr3 to o5ti iDe 3o!r 5rogra in s!ch a @a3 that 3o! !se the s allest n! 1er of 5rogra 13tes4 Test 3o!r 5rogra in single ste5 o#e4 Ass! e that , 13tes of #ata restore# at consec!ti2e locations of the #ata e or3 starting at location V4 7rite a 5rogra that loa#s register E @ith(V" i4e4 7ith #ata containe# at e or3 location V' A @ith (V9*"' C @ith (V9(" an# B @ith (V9+9)" (a" Use #irect a##ressing o#e (LAA" (1" User register in#irect a##ressing o#e (:" Test 3o!r 5rogra in single ste5 o#e4 (a" 7rite a 5rogra @hich tests the Dero con#ition of #ata 13te s5ecifie# at #ata e or3 location V4 If it is Dero' a )) sho!l# 1e store# at location V9*' other@ise FF4 (1" 7rite a 5rogra @hich tests the allQoneQcon#ition of #ata 13te s5ecifie# at #ate e or3 location V4 If all the 13tes are *' store )* at location V9*' other@ise ))4 Fo!r 13tes of #ata are s5ecifie# at consec!ti2e #ata 5rogra @hich incre ents the 2al!e of , 13tes 13 *4 e or3 locations starting V4 7rite a

(4

+4

,4

=4

T@o !nsigne# 1inar3 n! 1ers are store# at consec!ti2e #ata e or3 locations' V9*4 7rite a 5rogra for co 5!ting (V9*"$(V"4 The agnit!#e of the res!lt sho!l# 1e store# at Y an# the sign )) if 5ositi2e an# )* if negati2e at Y9*4 (a" A #o!1le 5recision n! 1er' i4e4 a *< 1it !nsigne# n! 1er' is store# V an# V9*' @ith lo@ or#er 13te at V4 Another #o!1le 5recision n! 1er is store# at Y an# Y9*4 A## the t@o n! 1ers an# store the res!lt a 7 an# 79*4 (1" %a e as (a"4 %!1tract the t@o n! 1ers an# store the res!lt at 7 an# 79*4 A co#e @or# is store# at e or3 location V4 7rite a 5rogra fro testing @hether the co#e @or# 1elongs to (6= co#e' an# set the location Y to FF if 3es )) if no4 The co#e @or# is 2ali# if three :%Bs are Dero an# if the n! 1er if *Os in the re aining = 1its is ( ((6= Co#e"4 A co!nter is #efine# as register (e4g4 B" @hich gets #ecre ente# till Dero4 Aefine s!ch a co!nter as s!1ro!tine4 7rite a 5rogra ' @hich consist of t@o co!nters' Yo! !st i 5le ent the follo@ing ste5s *4 %et initial 2al!e of co!nter to *4 (4 Call co!nter s!1ro!tine4 +4 %et initial 2al!e of co!nter to (4 ,4 Call co!nter s!1ro!tine4 =4 Go 1ac8 to ste5 *4 (a" N 1inar3 n! 1ers are store# at consec!ti2e #ata e or3 locations' starting at &' @here N is #efine# at #ata e 1er location MNU:BERN4 Fin# the largest n! 1er an# #is5la3 it in the #ata fiel#4 (1" N 1inar3 n! 1ers are starte# consec!ti2e #ata e 1er locations starting at V4 Rearrange the n! 1ers in ascen#ing or#er4 32

<4

>4

?4

B4

*)4

A 1inar3 n! 1er is store# at #ata e 1er locations V4 :!lti5l3 the n! 1er 13 *) an# #is5la3 the res!lt in the a##ress fiel# (Hint- 1&*)X1&( 91&?' a !lti5lication 13 ( corres5on#s to a shift left on a 1it"4 An ? 1it 1inar3 n! 1er is store# at #ata e or3 locations4 Y4 Con2ert the #eci al (BCA" an# #is5la3 the res!lt in the a##ress fiel#4 Gi2en ( #igit #eci al n! 1er at #ata e or3 location V an# V9*4 Fin# the 5ro#!ct !sing 1inar3 !lti5lications an# #is5la3 the res!lt in a##ress fiel#4 7rite a 5rogra for o2ing a #ata 1loc8 starting a##ress V to a##ress Y4 The a##resses V' Y' as @ell as the 1loc8 length are s5ecifie# at so e s!ita1le #ata e or3 locations4 7rite a 5rogra for o2ing a #ata 1loc8 starting a##ress V to a##ress Y4 The a##resses V' Y as @ell as the 1loc8 length are s5ecifie# at so e s!ita1le #ata e or3 locations4 A t@o #igit BCA n! 1er is store# at an# #is5la3 the res!lt in #ata fiel#4 e or3 location V4 Con2ert the n! 1er into 1inar3

**4

*(4

*+4

*,4

*=4

*<4 *>4

Ai2i#e a *< 1it n! 1er 13 a ? 1it n! 1er an# #is5la3 the res!lt in #ata fiel#4 7rite a 5rogra for #is5la3 of #eci al ! 1ers ))$BB in seE!ence @ith a #ela3 of *= secon#s 1et@een an3 t@o consec!ti2e n! 1ers4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C 1'*"+=$(! E :' !!"' : (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C EC60B 1$6 1$"9sEC"!d't- =)6, Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A L$(!:u'd! C+5>+ ! tsC G1DH Transitions' Aiscontin!ities' :atche# loa#s' %horts' Flanges' Ben#s & T@ists' Atten!ator & 5hase shifters' :icro@a2e H31ri# Circ!its- 7a2eg!i#e Tees' :agic (H31ri#" Tees' %cattering atri& of tees' H31ri# Rings (Rat$Race Circ!its"' Airectional Co!5lers- T@o Hole Airectional Co!5lers' %cattering atri& of a #irectional co!5ler' H31ri# Co!5lers' :!lti$hole co!5lers4 /ro5agation in ferrites' Fara#a3 rotation' :icro@a2e Circ!lators- + 5ort circ!lators an# Isolators' YIG filter rectang!lar' :icro@a2e ca2ities- Rectang!lar' C3lin#rical Ca2it3 Resonators' U$factor of ca2it3 resonator' a5ert!re co!5le# ca2it34 1!$su"!5! tsC G4H %lotte# @a2eg!i#e' %@e5t FreE!enc3 TechniE!e Aetectors' /o@er & I 5e#ance 33

eas!re ent4

S+7'd St$t! S+u"*!s A IC GBH :icro@a2e BKTs' Hetero0!nction Bi5olar Transistors (HBTs" an# T!nnel Aio#es' :etal$ %e icon#!ctor Fiel# Effect Transistors (:E%FET"' High Electron :o1ilit3 Transistors (HE:T"' Transferre# Electron Ae2ices (TEAs"- GUNN Aio#e' L%A Aio#es4 PART B S+7'd St$t! S+u"*!s A IIC G4H A2alanche Transit Ti e Ae2ices- I:/ATT Aio#es' TRA/ATT' BARITT Aio#es an# /ara etric Ae2ices4 1'*"+=$(! Tu&!sC G1DH :icro@a2e Linear Bea T!1es- Il3stron' :!ltica2it3 Il3stron' Refle& Il3stron' Heli& Tra2eling$ 7a2e T!1es (T7T"' Co!5le# Ca2it3 Tra2elling$7a2e T!1es' :icro@a2e Crosse#$Fiel# T!1esC3lin#rical :agnetron4 1'*"+=$(! T"$ s5'ss'+ /' !sC G;H %tri5 Lines- Intro#!ction' :icrostri5 Lines' /arallel %tri5 Lines' Co5lanar %tri5 Lines an# %hiel#e# %tri5 Lines R!*+55! d!d B++9s r# *4 :icro@a2e Ae2ices & Circ!its$$$% Y LIAO' /rentice Hall' + E#ition n# (4 :icro@a2e$$$I4 C4 G!5ta' Ne@ Age ' E#ition ( +4 :icro@a2e Engineering$$$%5ecial to5ics$$$ R4 Chatter0ee' East$7est /ress ,4 Fo!n#ations of :icro@a2e Engineering$$$R4E4 Collin' 7ile3' (n# E#ition =4 Ele ents of :icro@a2e Engineering$$$ R4 Chatter0ee' East$7est /ress JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C 1'*"+=$(! E :' !!"' : (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC 6;B C"!d't- *

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 :eas!re ent of i 5e#ance4 (4 :eas!re ent of (i" Insertion loss & (ii" Isolation of a circ!lator4 +4 :eas!re ent of % 5ara eters of a H31ri# Tee4 ,4 :eas!re ent of %7R4 =4 Refle& 8l3stron o#e c!r2es4 <4 Antenna ra#iation 5attern4 >4 Cerification of Aio#e la@4 ?4 G!nn Oscillator characteristics4 B4 Airecti2it3 & Co!5ling of a #irectional co!5ler *)4 To 2erif3 the @a2eg!i#e la@4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ J 34

P$>!" t't7!C D':'t$7 C+55u '*$t'+ (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!- EC 601$6 1$"9sE*"!d't- =)6, Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A S': $7 S>$*! A $7)s'sC G4H Geo etric Re5resentation of %ignals' Gra $%ch i#t OrthogonaliDation /roce#!re4 D':'t$7 5+du7$t'+ t!*# 'Fu!sGBH /%I' F%I' :%I' UA:4 Error calc!lations for /%I' F%I' :%I' UA:' %hannonOs li it' %ignal to Noise Ratio Calc!lations in /C: an# A: s3ste s4 I ,+"5$t'+ t#!+") $ d *+d' :C G10H Entro53' Ca5acit3 of a Ga!ssian Channel4 Bloc8 co#es' Con2ol!tion co#ing an# #eco#ing' %oft an# Har# #ecision #eco#ing' %tate & Trellis #iagra s' Citer1i Algorith ' Trellis #eco#e# o#!lation4

PART B 1u7t'>7!6' : $ d 1u7t'>7! A**!ssC GBH Allocation of co !nication Reso!rces' FA:6FA:A' TA:6TA:A' CA:A' %A:A' :!lti5le Access Co !nications an# Architect!re' Access Algorith s4 S>"!$d S>!*t"u5 T!*# 'Fu!sC GBH %5rea# %5ectr! O2er2ie@' /se!#onoise %eE!ences' Airect %eE!ence an# FreE!enc3 Ho55e# %3ste s' %3nchroniDation of A% an# FH s3ste s' Ka ing Consi#erations' Co ercial A55lications4 S': $7 d!s': ,+" &$ d-7'5't!d *#$ !7s ,+" N+ I t!" S)5&+7 I t!",!"! *!G.H /!lse sha5ing to Re#!ce I%I' t35es of error$5erfor ance #egra#ation' #e o#!lation6#etection of sha5e# 5!lses4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Aigital Co !nications 13 Bernar# %8lar ' /HI (4 /rinci5les of Co !nication %3ste s Q Ta!1 an# %chilling (Tata :cGra@ Hill" +4 Co !nication %ignals an# %3ste s Q %4 Ha38ins (7ile3" ,4 /rinci5les of Aigital Co !nication 13 K4 Aas' %4I4 :!llic8' /4I4 Chatter0ee' Ne@ Age International Lt#4 =4 Aigital Co !nications 13 K4G4 /roa8is' Tata :cGra@ Hill JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

35

P$>!" t't7!C D':'t$7 C+55u '*$t'+ (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC 6;C"!d'tC 1

/'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 Aesign an# 5ractical i 5le entation of A%I s3ste s (4 Aesign an# 5ractical i 5le entation of /%I s3ste s +4 Aesign an# 5ractical i 5le entation of U/%I s3ste s ,4 Aesign an# 5ractical i 5le entation of F%I s3ste s =4 To st!#3 the a55lication of CA:A in 2oice co !nications <4 To 5racticall3 co 5are the noise in /C: an# A: s3ste s >4 To 5racticall3 st!#3 FreE!enc3 Ai2ision :!lti5le&ing4 ?4 To 5racticall3 st!#3 Ti e Ai2ision :!lti5le&ing4 B4 I 5le entation of Citer1i algorith !sing C$lang!age JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C C+5>ut!" A"*#'t!*tu"! 4 0":$ 'O$t'+ (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!C EC 610 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E< T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A R!:'st!" T"$ s,!" $ d 1'*"+-0>!"$t'+ s G6H Register Transfer Lang!age' Inter Register Transfer Arith etic' Co 5le ents' fi&e# an# floating 5oint Re5resentation' :icro$O5erations' %hift :icro$O5erations an# Control O5erations4 B$s'* C+5>ut!" 0"':' $t'+ $ d d!s': G6H

Instr!ction Co#es' Co 5!ter Instr!ctions' Ti ing an# Control' E&ec!tion of Instr!ctions' In5!t' O!t5!t an# interr!5t' Aesign of Co 5!ter4 C+5>ut!" S+,t=$"! G.H /rogra ing Lang!age' Asse 1l3 Lang!age' The Asse 1ler' /rogra Loo5s' /rogra Arith etic an# Logic O5erations' %!1ro!tines' In5!t$O!t5!t /rogra ing4 ing

C+ t"+7 P"+*!ss+" 0":$ 'O$t'+ G.H /rocessor B!s OrganiDation' ALU stac8 OrganiDation' General Register OrganiDation' Instr!ction For ats' A##ressing :o#es' Aata Transfer an# :ani5!lation' /rogra Control' :icro5rocessor OrganiDation' /i5elining' /arallel /rocessing4 PART B 1'*"+ >"+:"$5 C+ t"+7 0":$ 'O$t'+ Control :e or3' A##ress %eE!encing' :icro 5rogra %oft@are Ai#s4 A"'t#5!t'* P"+*!ss+" D!s': 36 G6H %eE!ences' :icroinstr!ction For ats' an# G6H

Co 5arison an# %!1traction of !nsigne# Binar3 N! 1ers' A##ition' %!1traction' :!lti5lication' Ai2ision Algorith ' /rocessor config!ration an# control I >ut-0ut>ut 4 1!5+") 0":$ 'O$t'+ G.H In5!t$O!t5!t interface' As3nchrono!s Aata Transfer' A:A' /riorit3 Interr!5t' I6O /rocessor' Cirt!al :e or3' Cache :e or3' Associati2e e or3' :e or3 :anage ent Har#@are4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 :4 :orris :ano' Co 5!ter s3ste & Architect!re' /earson E#!cation (4 Ha3es 4K4/' Co 5!ter architect!re an# organiDation' Narosa /!1lications +4 :4 :orris an# Charles R4 Iinre' Logic an# co 5!ter #esign F!n#a entals' /earson E#!cation JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C C+ t"+7 S)st!5s P$>!" C+d!C EC611 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E< T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ C G6H Histor3 of a!to atic control' ser2o echanis ' reg!lating s3ste s' o5en loo5 ' close# loo5 control s3ste s' fee#1ac8 ' effect of fee# 1ac8' linear an# non linear control s3ste s' 1loc8 #iagra s ' E&a 5les- s5ee# control s3ste ' ro1ot control s3ste 4' te 5erat!re controls s3ste traffic control s3ste ' 1!siness control s3ste s etc4 1+d!7' :C G.H Aifferential eE!ations of 5h3sical s3ste s' electrical' echanical' translational' rational' gear s3ste s' ther al s3ste s4 Electrical' echanical analogies' La5lace transfor s' transfer f!nction4 Bloc8 #iagra alge1ra' signal flo@ gra5hs' characteristic eE!ation' Control s3ste co 5onentsError #etectors 5otentio eter' s3nchros' ste55er otor' ac an# #c techogenenrators4 T'5! D+5$' A $7)s'sC G4H T35ical test in5!t signals' Transient res5onse of the first or#er' secon# or#er s3ste ' Ti e #o ain s5ecifications Ao inant close# loo5 5oles of higher or#er s3ste s' %tea#3 state error an# error coefficients4 St$&'7't)C Conce5ts of a1sol!te an# relati2e sta1ilit3 5ole Dero location' Ro!th$H!r@itD criteria4 R++t /+*us T!*# 'Fu!C G4H Intro#!ction' Root Loc!s Conce5t' Constr!ction Root Loci' %ta1ilit3 anal3sis4 PART B 37 GDH

2RENUENCY RESP0NSEC GBH Intro#!ction' 1o#e #iagra ' 5olar 5lots' log agnit!#e 2s4 5hase 5lot' n3E!ist sta1ilit3 criterion' sta1ilit3 anal3sis' relati2e sta1ilit3' Gain argin & /hase argin close loo5 freE!enc3 res5onse4 INTR0DUCTI0N T0 DESIGNC Necessit3 of co 5ensation' lag an# lea# co 5ensation' #esign of /IA Controller4 G;H

STATE SPACE ANA/YSISC G-H Conce5t of %tate' state 2aria1le an# state 2ector' state s5ace o#eling of contin!o!s ti e an# #iscrete ti e s3ste s' sol!tion of state eE!ation' conce5ts of controlla1ilit3 an# o1ser2a1ilit3' 5ole$5lace ent #esign4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 I4K4 Nagrath an# :4 Go5al' Control %3ste s Engineering' 7ile3 Easter (4 R4 T4 %tefani et al' Aesign of fee#1ac8 Control %3ste s' O&for# Uni2ersit3 /ress +4 I4 Ogata' :o#ern Control Engineering' /HI P$>!" T't7!C E7!*t"+ '* 1!$su"!5! ts $ d I st"u5! t$t'+ P$>!" C+d!C EC61D 1$6 1$"9sE*"!d'tC ;0E< T'5!C < #+u"s

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 1!$su"!5! t S)st!5s $ d C#$"$*t!"'st'*s 0, I st"u5! tsC Intro#!ction$ :eas!re ents' %ignificance of eas!re ents' :etho#s of eas!re ents' Instr! ents an# eas!re ent s3ste ' Electronic instr! ents' Classification of instr! ents' Aeflection an# N!ll t35e instr! ents' Co 5arison Analog an# Aigital :o#es of o5eration' A55lication of eas!re ent s3ste ' Errors in eas!re ents' T35es of errors' Acc!rac3 an# /recision' Noise' Resol!tion or #iscri ination' loa#ing effects' Units' A1sol!te !nits' F!n#a ental an# Aeri2e# !nits4 F*)G E7!*t"+5!*#$ '*$7 I d'*$t' : I st"u5! tsC AOArsona2al Gal2ano eter$ Constr!ction of AOArsona2al Gal2ano eter' TorE!e eE!ation' A3na ic 1eha2ior of Gal2ano eter' Ballistic gal2ano eter$ Constr!ction an# theor3' Intro#!ction to /::C Instr! ents an# :o2ing iron instr! ents' Instr! ent transfor ers4 Bri#ge Circ!its for RLC :eas!re ents- :eas!re ent of R' L an# C' 7heatstone' Iel2in' :a&@ell' An#erson' %chering an# 7ien 1ri#ges :eas!re ent of In#!ctance' Ca5acitance' Effecti2e resistance at high freE!enc3' U$:eter4 F*)G

PART B

38

E7!*t"+ '* I st"u5! tsC Intro#!ction$Electronic Colt eter' Electronic !lti eter' Logic Anal3Der' Net@or8 Anal3Der' F!nction generator' 7a2e anal3Der' Har onic Aistortion Anal3Der' %5ectr! Anal3Der4 F=G C$t#+d! R$) 0s*'77+s*+>!C Intro#!ction$ CRO' Catho#e ra3 t!1e' Bloc8 #iagra of CRO' :eas!re ent of 2oltage' 5hase an# freE!enc3 !sing CRO' %5ecial 5!r5ose oscillosco5es4 F+G T"$ sdu*!"sC /rinci5les of o5eration' Classification of trans#!cers 1ase# !5on 5rinci5le of trans#!ction'%! ar3 of factors infl!encing the choice of trans#!cer' U!alitati2e treat ent of %train Ga!ge' LCAT'Ther oco!5le' /ieDo$electric cr3stal an# /hotoelectric trans#!cers4 F=G D$t$ A*Fu's't'+ S)st!5 $ d T!7!5!t")C Intro#!ction$ Analog an# #igital #ata acE!isition s3ste ' :etho#s of #ata trans ission' General tele etr3 s3ste ' T35es of tele etr3 s3ste s4 GDH B++9s R!*+55! d!d *4 %a@hne3 A I' MElectrical and Electronic Measurements and InstrumentationN' Ahan5at Rai an# %ons (4 Ialsi H % MElectronic Instrumentation M +4 G!5ta KB MMeasurements and InstrumentationN' % I Iataria & %ons' Aelhi' First E#ition (())+" ,4 Coo5er 7 A' Helfric8 A A MModern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement TechniquesN' /HI' =4 :!rth3 A C % MTransducers and InstrumentationN' /rentice Hall of In#ia' Ne@ Aelhi' Tenth E#ition P$>!" t't7!C E7!*t"+ '* 1!$su"!5! ts $ d I st"u5! t$t'+ (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" C+d!C EC 66D C"!d'tC 1

1. To st!#3 the @a2efor on a storage Oscillosco5e4 (4 To st!#3 the #3na ic recor#ing of #ifferent signals on oscillogra5hic recor#ers4 +4 :eas!re ent of In#!ctance 13 :a&@ellOs 1ri#ge4 ,4 :eas!re ent of s all resistance 13 the Iel2inOs Bri#ge4 =4 :eas!re ent of Ca5acitance of the %chering Bri#ge4 <4 :eas!re ent of e#i! resistance @ith the hel5 of 7heat stone 1ri#ge4 >4 To fin# U of a coil 13 a series resonance etho# an# 2erif3 it 13 !sing U$ eter4 ?4 To st!#3 the recor#ing of #ifferent signals fro sensors on agnetic ta5e recor#er4 B4 To st!#3 the acE!isition of #ata fro strain ga!ge 1ase# trans#!cer on #ata acE!isition s3ste 4 *)4 Ais5lace ent eas!re ent !sing LCAT' In#!cti2e 5ic8 !5 an# ca5aciti2e 5ic8 !54 To eas!ring the te 5erat!re of sol#ering 13 !sing ther oco!5le4 /lot the 2ariation of te 5erat!re @ith res5ect of 2oltage4

39

SEVENTH SE1ESTER P$>!" T't7!C-0>t'*$7 C+55u '*$t'+ (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!C EC .0B :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 0(!"('!= +, 0>t'*$7 2'&"! C+55u '*$t'+ C G0<H Ele ents of 1asic co !nication s3ste ' co !nication s3ste architect!re' a#2antages of o5tical co !nication' Aefinition of #B an# #B 4 0>t'*$7 2'&"! L$(! Gu'd!sC G06H Ra3 Theor3 of Trans ission- Total Internal reflection' Acce5tance Angle' N! erical A5ert!re' Electro agnetic o#e theor3 for o5tical co !nication of 1oth t35es of fi1ers 2iD ste5 in#e& fi1er an# gra#e# in#e& fi1res4 S': $7 D!:"$d$t'+ ' 0>t'*$7 2'&"!sC G10H Atten!ation' :aterial a1sor5tion losses' linear an# non linear scattering losses' fi1er 1en# loss' #is5ersion 2iD inter o#al #is5ersion an# intra o#al #is5ersion' o2erall fi1er #is5ersion an# 5olariDation o#e #is5ersion' Intro#!ction to nonlinear effects- %elf 5hase o#!lation' cross 5hase o#!lation' %ti !late# Brillion an# Ra an scattering' Fo!r 7a2e :i&ing4 PART B 0>t'*$7 S+u"*!s $ d D!t!*t+"sC G10H S+u"*!sC Basic 5rinci5le of s!rface e itter LEA an# e#ge e itter LEA$ aterial !se#' str!ct!re' internal E!ant! efficienc3 an# characteristics' LA%ER Aio#e $ aterial !se#' str!ct!re' internal E!ant! efficienc3 an# characteristics' @or8ing /rinci5le an# characteristics of Aistri1!te# fee#1ac8 (AFB" laser4 D!t!*t+"sC /IN 5hoto#io#e $ aterial !se#' @or8ing 5rinci5le & characteristics' A2alanche /hoto#io#e- $ aterial !se#' @or8ing 5rinci5le an# characteristics4 D':'t$7 $ d A $7+: T"$ s5'ss'+ S)st!5C G1DH O2er2ie@ of Analog Lin8s' Carrier to Noise Ratio' :!ltichannel A 5lit!#e &FreE!enc3 :o#!lation4 /oint to 5oint Aigital lin8s' lin8 5o@er 1!#get' Rise ti e 1!#get' Intro#!ction to /rinci5le of 7A:' Basic A55lication an# t35es of O5tical A 5lifiers' %e icon#!ctor O5tical A 5lifier' Eri1! #o5e# fi1er a 5lifiers' A 5lifier Noise4 0>t'*$7 2'&!" 1!$su"!5! tsC G04H O5tical /o@er :eter' o5tical atten!ator' Atten!ation :eas!re ents- C!t1ac8 techniE!e' Insertion losses :etho#' O5tical Ti e #o ain Reflecto eter (OTAR"' OTAR Trace' E3e /atterns4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 O5tical Fi1er Co !nication 13 Ger# Ieiser' :c Gra@ Hill International /!1lications4 (4 O5tical Fi1er Co !nication /rinci5les & /ractice 13 Kohn :4%enior'/HI /!1lication +4 O5tical Co !nication %3ste s 13 Kohn Go@ar' /HI /!1lications4 40

,4 F!n#a entals of Fi1re O5tics in Teleco !nication an# sensor s3st es 13 Bishn! /4/al' Ne@ Age International (/" Lt#4 =4 G4/ Agra@al' M Fi1er O5tic Co !nicationN 7ile3 /!1lisher <4 A4F :3n1ac2 an# L4 %cheiner' MFi1er o5tic co !nication technolog3'N /earson E#!cation4 >4 Ghata8 an# I4 Th3angara0an' MInt4 to fi1er o5ticsN Ca 1ri#ge Uni2ersit3 5ress' *BB?4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C- 0>t'*$7 C+55u '*$t'+ (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!C EC .;B /'st +, E6>!"'5! ts *4 (4 +4 ,4 =4 <4 >4 ?4 B4 To st!#3 the 5ro5agation loss an# 1en#ing loss in o5tical fi1er4 To set !5 a fi1er o5tic analog lin84 To set !5 a #igital fi1er o5tic lin84 %t!#3 of intensit3 o#!lation techniE!e !sing analog an# #igital in5!t signal4 To st!#3 the freE!enc3 o#!lation an# #e onstrate 2oice trans ission thro!gh o5tic fi1er !sing F:4 :eas!re ent of o5tical 5o@er an# 5ro5agation loss !sing o5tical 5o@er eter4 To #eter ine the 1it rate s!55orte# 13 the fi1er o5tic lin84 To st!#3 the characteristics of /IN #io#e4 To #e onstrate the conce5t of 7A: s3ste 4 :a&4 :ar8s- =)

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P$>!" T't7!C-D':'t$7 S': $7 P"+*!ss' : P$>!" *+d!C EC .0:a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ C (6) Classification of Aiscrete$ti e %ignals & %3ste s' The %a 5ling Theore ' %ta1ilit3 an# Ca!salit3' Con2ol!tion of Aiscrete$ti e signals' Correlation of Aiscrete Qti e signals' Anal3sis of Aiscrete$ ti e LTI s3ste s' %ol!tion of Linear constant coefficient #ifference eE!ations' FreE!enc3 #o ain re5resentation of #iscrete ti e s3ste ' %3ste f!nction4 R!('!= +, T"$ s,+"5sC (6) Re2ie@ of Fo!rier series an# Fo!rier Transfor for contin!o!s$ti e an# #iscrete$ti e signals' Reconstr!ction !sing Inter5olation filter' Aliasing' L$Transfor an# its 5ro5erties' In2erse L transfor 4 41

2"!Fu! *) D+5$' R!>"!s! t$t'+ +, S': $7s 4 S)st!5sC (11) Aiscrete Fo!rier Transfor an# its 5ro5erties' Ai2i#e an# ConE!er a55roach to co 5!tation of AFT' Filtering of long #ata seE!ences' Fast Fo!rier Transfor ' Aeci ation in ti e an# Aeci ation in freE!enc3 algorith s' Aiscrete Cosine Transfor ' 7a2elet Transfor 4 PART B D':'t$7 2'7t!"sC (11) I#eal Filter 2s /ractical Filters' General %5ecifications an# Aesign %te5s' Co 5arison of FIR & IIR Filters' Aesign of FIR Filters !sing 7in#o@ techniE!e' FreE!enc3 sa 5ling techniE!e' Aesign of IIR Filters !sing I 5!lse In2ariance techniE!e' Bilinear Transfor ation' Aesign of IIR Filters !sing B!tter@orth' Che13she2 an# Elli5tic filter' Aigital freE!enc3 transfor ation4 I5>7!5! t$t'+ +, D's*"!t! T'5! S)st!5sC (B) Bloc8 #iagra s an# signal flo@ gra5hs for FIR an# IIR s3ste s' Airect for ' Casca#e for ' FreE!enc3 %a 5ling %tr!ct!res' an# Lattice str!ct!res for FIR s3ste s' Airect for ' Casca#e for ' /arallel for ' an# Lattice an# Lattice$La##er %tr!ct!res for IIR s3ste s' Re5resentation fi&e# 5oint an# floating 5oint n! 1ers' Finite @or# length effects' Arith etic o5erations4 1u7t'"$t! S': $7 P"+*!ss' :C (;) Basic %a 5ling rate alteration #e2ices' :!ltirate str!ct!res' :!ltistage #esign' /ol35hase #eco 5osition' Intro#!ction to #igital filter 1an8s4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 1. MAigital %ignal /rocessing- /rinci5les' Algorith s an# A55licationsN Fo!rth E#ition 13 /roa8is & :anola8is' /earson E#!cation Lt#4 2. MAigital %ignal /rocessingN 13 E C Ifeacher an# B 7 Ker2is' /earson 3. MAigital %ignal /rocessingN 13 A4C O55enhei an# R474%chafer' /earson E#!cation Lt#4 4. MAigital %ignal /rocessingN 13 %an0it an# :itra4 Tata :cgra@ Hill4 5. MAigital %ignal /rocessingN 13 % %ali2ahanan' A Calla2ra0' C Gnana5ri3a4 Tata :cgra@ Hill4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

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*(4 Con2ol!tion !sing o2ela5$a## etho# an# o2erla5$sa2e etho#s4 *+4 FIR Filter Aesign !sing 7in#o@ :etho# in :ATLAB4 *,4 IIR Filter Aesign !sing Bilinear Transfor ation in :ATLAB4 *=4 IIR Filter Aesign !sing I 5!lse In2ariance in :ATLAB4 *<4 B!tter@orth an# Che13she2 Aigital IIR Filters in :ATLAB4 *>4 I 5le entation of Filter %tr!ct!res4 *?4 Inter5olation an# Aeci ation of seE!ences4 *B4 I 5le entation of #igital filter 1an8s4 ()4 %t!#3 of A%/ 8its4 (*4 %3ste Aesign 1ase# on A%/ 8its4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C L'"!7!ss C+55u '*$t'+ (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC .10 :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ G1DH E2ol!tion of :o1ile Co !nication %3ste s' /aging s3ste s' cor#less tele5hone s3ste s' cell!lar tele5hone s3ste s' co 5arison of co on @ireless co !nication s3ste s' (G cell!lar net@or8s' (4= G @ireless net@or8' H%C%A' G/R%' EAGE technolog3' +G @ireless net@or8' U:T%' +G CA:A()))' +G TA$%CA:A' 7ireless Local Loo5' Bl!e tooth an# /ersonal Area Net@or8s4 S)st!5 D!s': 2u d$5! t$7s G-H FreE!enc3 re!se' Channel align ent strategies' han#off strategies' interference an# s3ste ca5acit3' i 5ro2ing co2erage an# ca5acit3 in cell!lar s3ste s' 5ara eters for o1ile !lti5ath channel' % all scale fa#ing4 PART B 1+du7$t'+ T!*# 'Fu!s G10H A 5lit!#e o#!lation' Angle :o#!lation' Aigital :o#!lation' Linear o#!lation techniE!es' Constant en2elo5e o#!lation' s5rea# s5ectr! o#!lation techniE!es' EE!aliDation' EE!aliDers in co !nication recei2er' Ai2ersit3 techniE!es' RAIE recei2er' F!n#a entals of channel co#ing 1u7t'>7! A**!ss T!*# 'Fu!s FA:A' TA:A' CA:A' %A:A G<H

L'"!7!ss N!t=+"9' : G4H Aifference 1et@een @ireless an# fi&e# tele5hone net@or8s' #e2elo5 ent of @ireless net@or8s' I%AN L'"!7!ss S)st!5s G%:' G%: Architect!re' CA:A #igital cell!lar stan#ar#' I%$B= s3ste 4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 43 G.H

*4

7ireless Co !nications /rinci5les an# 5ractice 13 Theo#ore %4 Ra55a5ort' /rentice Hall In#ia (4 :o#ern 7ireless Co !nications 13 %i on Ha38in ' :ichael :oher ' /HI +4 7ireless Co !nication an# Net@or8ing B3 Kon 7 :ar8' /HI JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C- L'"!7!ss C+55u '*$t'+ (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!C EC .60 N+t!- %t!#ents are reE!ire# to 5erfor fro each s!1$1loc84 e&5eri ents fro :a&4 :ar8s- =) an3 si& 1loc8s 13 selecting at least t@o

/'st +, P"$*t'*$7s *4 EE!i5 ent orientation a4 Fa iliarisation @ith s5ectr! anal3ser ' si !lation soft@ares' 2ario!s 8its to 1e !se# in the la1orator34 14 Re2ie@ of @or8ing of f!nction generator ' CRO ' !lti eter & other instr! ents4 (4 %i !lation an# i 5le entation of 1ase1an# #igital signals a4 T35es of 1ase1an# signals- !ni5olar' 5olar' 1i5olar' RL' NRL' etc4 14 Aistortion an# noise4 E3e #iagra 4 +4 %i !lation an# i 5le entation of o#!late# #igital signals a4 /%I' A%I an# F%I o#!lations4 14 Ae o#!lation @ith en2elo5e #etection an# s3nchrono!s4 c4 /%I #ifferential o#!lation4 #4 U!a#rat!re o#!lations (UA%I an# U/%I"4 e4 UA: o#!lation4 ,4 Glo1al %3ste for :o1iles (G%:" a4 Cell!lar tele5hon34 G%: Architect!re4 14 Ra#iofreE!enc34 Traffic an# control channels4 Fra es4 c4 AT Co an#s #4 7or8ing of G%: o1ile station4 =4 :!lti5le Access a4 Ti e #i2ision !lti5le Access 14 FreE!enc3 #i2ision !lti5le access <4 %5rea# %5ectr! co !nication s3ste s a4 /se!#o$noise co#ers 14 Airect seE!ence s5rea# s5ectr! co !nication s3ste s c4 FreE!enc3 ho55e# s5rea# s5ectr! co !nication s3ste s #4 CA:A @ireless co 5!ter co !nication s3ste s >4 Channel Characteristics a4 :!lti5ath channel 5ro5agation characteristics a4 Bit$error rate eas!re ent ?4 7ireless Net@or8s a4 Bl!etooth @ireless net@or84 14 7i$Fi c4 7i$:a& JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ 44

P$>!" t't7!C 0>!"$t' : S)st!5s P$>!" C+d!C EC.11 1$6. 1$"9sC ;0 Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A B$s'* 2u *t'+ s $ d C+ *!>ts +, 0>!"$t' : S)st!5sC G;H Conce5t of an o5erating s3ste s' 1atch s3ste ' :!lti$5rogra e#' Ti e sharing' /ersonal Co 5!ter %3ste ' /arallel s3ste ' Real ti e s3ste ' General s3ste Architect!re4 2!$tu"!s $ d 0&%!*t'(!s +, 0>!"$t' : S)st!5sG11H %3ste co 5onents' o5erating s3ste ser2ices' %3ste calls' %3ste /rogra s' %3ste %tr!ct!re' %3ste #esign an# i 5le entation4 Conce5t of 5rocess' 5rocess states' 5rocess state transition' 5rocess control 1loc8' o5erations of 5rocesses' conc!rrent 5rocesses' #ea#loc8s' sche#!ling algorith s' sche#!ling criteria' /rocess %3nchroniDation4 1!5+") 1$ $:!5! tG6H Logical an# 5h3sical a##ress s5ace' storage allocation an# anage ent techniE!es' s@a55ing' conce5ts of !lti 5rogra ing' 5aging' seg entation' 2irt!al storage anage ent strategies' Ae an# /aging' /age Re5lace ent Algorith s' Thrashing4 PART B I ,+"5$t'+ 1$ $:!5! tG6H File conce5t' Access etho#' Airector3 str!ct!re' /rotection File s3ste str!ct!re' Allocation etho#s' Free s5ace anage ent' Airector3 i 5le entation' Ais8 str!ct!re' Ais8 %che#!ling' Ais8 anage ent' %@a5 s5ace anage ent4

D'st"'&ut!d-S)st!5 St"u*tu"!sC G6H Net@or8 o5erating s3ste ' Aistri1!te# o5erating s3ste s' Re ote ser2ices' Ro1!stness' Aesign Iss!es4 D'st"'&ut!d ,'7! s)st!5s $ d D'st"'&ut!d C++"d' $t'+ C G6H Na ing an# Trans5arenc3' Re ote file Access' %tatef!l 2ers!s stateless ser2ice' File re5lication' E2ent or#ering' :!t!al E&cl!sion' Ato icit3' Conc!rrenc3 control' Aea#loc8 Han#ling' Election Algorith s' Reaching Agree ent4 C$s! Stud'!sC G;H Uni& O4%4 Architect!re' O5erating s3ste ser2ices' !ser 5ers5ecti2e' re5resentation of files in Uni& s3ste 5rocesses an# their str!ct!re' In5!t$o!t5!t s3ste ' :e or3 anage ent' Uni& shell' histor3 an# e2ol!tion of Uni& s3ste 4

45

R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 O5erating %3ste s 13 Gal2in & %il1erschatD A##ison 7esle3 /!1lishing Lt#4 =th E#ition4 (4 An Intro#!ction to O5erating %3ste 13 Har2e3 :4 Aeitel ' Narosa /!1lishing Ho!se' Latest E#ition4 +4 O5erating %3ste s- Aesign an# i 5le entation 13 An#re@ %4 Tanen1a! ' /HI' (n# E#ition4 ,4 O5erating s3ste ' 13 :illan :ilan8o2ic' :cGra@ Hill' (n# E#ition4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C RADAR ENGINEERING (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC .1D :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A R$d$" 2u d$5! t$7s G.H Ra#ar /rinci5les' Target Infor ation E&traction' Ra#ar EE!ation' %ignals & %ignal /rocessing- An Intro#!ction' T35es of Ra#ars & Ra#ar F!nctions4 R$d$" S': $7 P"+*!ss' :- 1+(' : T$":!t I d'*$t+"s 4 D+>>7!" P"+*!ss' : G.H Ao55ler & :o2ing Target In#icator(:TI" F!n#a entals' :TI /rinci5les & :etho#s' Blin# Ao55ler %hifts & /RF %tagger' C7' High /RF' & :e#i! /RF Ao55ler /rocessing4 T#! R$d$" EFu$t'+ G10H Ra#ar EE!ation Intro#!ction' /oints Targets in Noise' Ra#ar EE!ation @ith /!lse Co 5ression' %earch Ra#ars' Trac8ing Ra#ars' C7 & /!lse Ao55ler Ra#ar' Area Targets & Cl!tter' Col! e Targets & Cl!tter' %elf$/rotection Ka ing' %tan#o Ka ing' A!g entation' Bistatic Ra#ar EE!ation' incl!#ing :issile Ill! ination' Losses in Ra#ar EE!ation4 PART B T$":!ts 4 I t!",!"' : S': $7s G.H Ra#ar cross$section (RC%"' Aefinition & F!n#a entals' RC% Fl!ct!ations' Target Fl!ct!ation :o#els4 T$":!t E*#+ I ,+"5$t'+ E6t"$*t'+ G.H Ranging' Target Celocit3 (Ao55ler %hift"' Range & Celocit3 @ith C7 & /!lse Ao55ler 7a2efor s' Ra#ar height$fin#ing4 R$d$" A t! $s G.H Antenna /rinci5les' Arra3 of Aiscrete Ele ents$/rinci5les' Ra#ar Antenna Config!rations' %i#elo1e %!55ression TechniE!es' Reflector Antennas4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 1. Ra#ar- /rinci5les' Technolog3' A55lications 13 B3ron E##e (/earson E#!cation" 2. Intro#!ction to Ra#ar %3ste s 13 %8olni8 ( :c Gra@ Hill" 3. :icro@a2e an# Ra#ar Engg 13 :4 I!l8arni' U esh /!1lications JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C L!& T!*# +7+:'!s (T#!+")) 46

P$>!" C+d!C EC .1<

:a&4 :ar8s- =)

Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t!" !t $ d L+"7d L'd! L!&C G6H Intro#!ction' Internet A##ressing' I%/' t35es of Internet Connections' Intro#!ction to 777' 7EB Bro@sers' 7EB %er2ers' URL%' htt5' 7EB a55lications' Tools for @e1site creation4 HT1/C G;H Intro#!ction to HT:L' Lists' a##ing gra5hics to HT:L 5age' creating ta1les' lin8ing #oc! ents' fra es' HT:L an# %t3le sheets J$($ S*"'>tC G11H Intro#!ction' 5rogra ing constr!cts- 2aria1les' o5erators an# e&5ressions' con#itional chec8ing' f!nctions an# #ialog 1o&es' Ka2a%cri5t AO:' creating for s' intro#!ction to Coo8ies4 PART B J$($C G16H Intro#!ction to 0a2a o10ects an# classes' control state ents' arra3s' inheritance' 5ol3 or5his ' E&ce5tion han#ling' :!ltithrea#ing' B!il#ing the Ka2a A55lets' Bo&es' Ra#io B!tton' :anaging :!lti5le controls' %croll1ars' Choice controls' %crolling lists' 7in#o@s' :en! an# Aialog Bo&es' /o5 !5 7in#o@s' Gra5hics in Ka2a' :o!se e2ents' Ara@ing O10ects' Fonts' Can2ases' I ages' I age a5s' Gra5hics' Ani ation4 31/C G.H 7h3 V:L' V:L s3nta& r!les' V:L ele ents' V:L attri1!tes' V:L ATA #is5la3ing V:L @ith C%%4 R!*+55! d!d B++9sC 1. Ka2a' Ho@ to /rogra ' <th e#ition' H4:4 Aeitel' /'K4 Aeitel' /HI 2. Ka2a (- The Co 5lete Reference' Fifth E#ition' /atric8 Na!ghton' T:H 3. 7e1 Ena1le# Co ercial A55lication Ae2elo5 ent' 13 I2an Ba3ross' B/B4 4. Learning V:L 13 Eric T4Ra3' %econ# e#ition' OO Reill3 an# Associates JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C C)&!" /$=s 4 IPR P$>!" C+d!- AS .01 :a& :ar8s- =) Ti e - +Hrs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A B$s'*s +, C+5>ut!" 4 I t!" !t T!*# +7+:) GBH Internet' I%/ & #o ain na eH Net@or8 %ec!rit3H Encr35tion TechniE!es an# Algorith sH Aigital %ignat!res I t"+du*t'+ t+ C)&!" L+"7d 47 G<H

Intro#!ction to C31ers5ace an# C31er La@H Aifferent Co 5onents of c31er La@sH C31er La@ an# NetiDens E-C+55!"*! Intro#!ction to E$Co erceH Aifferent E$Co erce :o#elsH E$Co E$Co erce an# Ta&ationH Legal As5ects of E$Co erce4 GBH erce Tren#s an# /ros5ectsH

PART B I t!77!*tu$7 P"+>!"t) R':#ts G11H I/R' Co53right an# /atents' International Treaties an# Con2entions' B!siness %oft@are /atents' Ao ain Na e Ais5!tes an# Resol!tion4 IT A*t, D000 G11H Reasons' Ai s' O10ecti2es an# A55lications' Reg!lators !n#er IT Act' Role of Certif3ing A!thorit3' Aigital %ignat!re Certificates' A!ties of the %!1scri1ers' C31er Cri es$Offences an# Contra2entions' Gre3 Areas of IT Act4 P"+%!*t L+"9 G04H Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to @or8 on a 5ro0ect4 At the en# of the co!rse' st!#ents @ill a8e a 5resentation an# s!1 it the 5ro0ect re5ort4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s 1. A G!i#e to C31er La@s & IT Act ())) @ith R!les & Notification 13 Nan#an Ia ath' E#ition Latest' Uni2ersal La@ /!1lishing 2. C31er Co5s' C31er Cri inals & Internet 13 Ieith :erill & Aee5ti Cho5ra' I I International' E#ition Latest 3. Infor ation Technolog3 La@ 13 Aiane Ro@ Lan#' Ro!tle#ge$Ca2en#ish' E#ition Latest 4. Han#1oo8 of C31er La@s 13 Ca8!l %har a (:c :illian"' E#ition Latest JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

48

EIGHTH SE1ESTER P$>!" T't7!C D':'t$7 I5$:! P"+*!ss' : (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B0B :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ G4H F!n#a ental %te5s in I age /rocessing' Ele ents of Aigital I age /rocessing' I age AcE!isition' %torage' /rocessing4 I5$:! P!"*!>t'+ GBH %tr!ct!re of the h! an e3e' light' l! inance' 1rightness' contrast' i age o#el' sa 5ling an# E!antiDation$!nifor an# non !nifor ' 1asic relationshi5s 1et@een 5i&els' I aging geo etr3' Ca era o#el' /ers5ecti2e Transfor ation' stereo i aging4 I5$:! E #$ *!5! t G10H %5atial #o ain etho#s' Enhance ent 13 5oint 5rocessing' histogra 5rocessing' i age s!1traction' i age a2eraging' s5atial filtering' s oothing filters' shar5ening filters' Enhance ent in the freE!enc3 #o ain' Color i age 5rocessing4 PART B I5$:! T"$ s,+"5s G11H Fo!rier Transfor ' Aiscrete Fo!rier Transfor ' /ro5erties of the T@o$Ai ensional Fo!rier Transfor ' Fast Fo!rier Transfor ' In2erse FFT' 7alsh Transfor ' Aiscrete Cosine Transfor ' Haar Transfor ' %lant Transfor 4 I5$:! C+5>"!ss'+ G1DH F!n#a entals' Co#ing Re#!n#anc3' Inter5i&el Re#!n#anc3' /s3cho2is!al Re#!n#anc3' Fi#elit3 Criteria' I age Co 5ression :o#els' %o!rce Enco#er an# Aeco#er' Channel Enco#er an# Aeco#er' Ele ents of Infor ation Theor3' :eas!ring Infor ation' Infor ation Channel' F!n#a ental Co#ing Theore s' Using Infor ation Theor3' Error$Free Co 5ression' Caria1le$Length Co#ing' Bit$ /lane Co#ing' Lossless /re#icti2e Co#ing' Loss3 Co 5ression' Loss3 /re#icti2e Co#ing' Transfor Co#ing' I age Co 5ression %tan#ar#s4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Aigital I age 5rocessing 13 R4C4 GonDaleD an# R4F47oo#s (/earson E#!cation" (4 Aigital I age /rocessing 13 74I4/ratt' Tata :cGra@ Hill +4 F!n#a entals of Aigital I age /rocessing 13 A4I Kain ,4 Aigital I age /rocessing an# Anal3sis' 13 B4 Chan#ra an# A4 A!tta :a0! #er =4 Algorith s for i age /rocessing an# Co 5!ter Cision 13 Ka es R4/ar8er <4 The I age /rocessing Han#1oo8' Fo!rth E#ition 13 Kohn C4 R!ses >4 Aigital I age /rocessing !sing :ATLAB 13 7oo#s & GonDaleD (/earson E#!cation" JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ 49

P$>!" T't7!C D':'t$7 I5$:! P"+*!ss' : (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!C EC B;B /'st +, E6>!"'5! ts (B$s!d + 1AT/AB) *4 Intensit3 transfor ation (4 Histogra /rocessing4 +4 %5atial Filtering4 ,4 FreE!enc3 Ao ain /rocessing4 =4 I age Restoration4 <4 I age Aenoising >4 Color I age /rocessing ?4 7a2elet Transfor B4 I age Co 5ression JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ JP$>!" P$>!" T't7!C Ad($ *!d D':'t$7 C+55u '*$t'+ (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!C EC B0:a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs :a&4 :ar8s- =)

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A G16H D':'t$7 PA1' 1inar3 /A: for ats' line co#ing' 1an#li ite# #igital /A: s3ste s' N3E!ist 5!lse sha5ing' eE!aliDation' s3nchroniDation techniE!es' 1it an# fra e s3nchroniDation4 Co#e# 5!lse o#!lation' 2oice #igitiDation rate (CAR" of /C:' A/C:' A:' AA:' CC%A' log /C:' their 5erfor ance co 5arison' CAR re#!ction 13 s5eech co#ing' COCOAER%' noise 5erfor ance of /C: an# A:' Aigital !lti5le&es4 AT & T an# CCITT hierarchies' E!asi$s3nchrono!s !lti5le&es4 1$t*#!d, *+""!7$t'+ an# o5ti ! filters an# s3 1ol error rate4 G4H A**!ss T!*# +7+:'!sC Aigital %!1scri1er line' Fi1er' Ca1le' Broa#1an# fi&e# @ireless access4 GDH PART B D':'t$7 CL 5+du7$t'+ ' B/%I' A/%I' U/%I' :Oar3 /%I' UA%I' BF%I' Ao!1inar3 enco#ing' U/R coherent an# non$coherent s3ste s' error 5ro1a1ilities in /%I' A/%I' F%I' U/%I' *< UA:' :%I' U/R an# 1it4 G1DH S>"!$d S>!*t"u5 t!*# 'Fu!sC A%' CA:A' FH' /N seE!ence' /o@er reE!ire ent' /N$ seE!ence co#e' an# 7alshOs co#e4 G6H

50

ISDNC I%AN str!ct!re' Basic & /ri ar3 rate access' I%AN ser2ices4 S': $77' :- In$Channel & co on channel signalling' %%>4

G<H GDH

R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Aigital Co !nication4 B3 Ha38ins :c Gra@ Hill Int E#ition4 (4 :o#ern Aigital & Analog Co !nication 4 B3 B / Lathi' O&for# Uni2ersit3 /ress4 +4 Co !nication4 %3ste s 13 A B Carlson' Tata :c Gra@ Hill' ()))4 ,4 Aigital Co !nications 13 K4 G4 /roa8is' :cGra@$Hill' *BB=4 =4 Aigital Co !nications 13 Ian A Glo2er& /eter : Grant ' /earson E#!cation ())?4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C Ad($ *!d D':'t$7 C+55u '*$t'+ (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!- EC B;/'st +, E6>!"'5! tsC &$s!d + T#!+")

JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ

P$>!" T't7!C N!u"$7 N!t=+"9s $ d 2uOO) /+:'* (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B10 :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 2u d$5! t$7s +, N!u"$7 N!t=+"9s G.H Classical AI an# Ne!ral Net@or8s' characteristics of ne!ral net@or8s' Historical 5ers5ecti2e' The 1iological ins5iration' o#els of artificial ne!ron & acti2ation f!nctions' Artificial ne!ral net@or8s & architect!res4 Training of artificial ne!ral net@or8s4 Su>!"('s!d /!$" ' G10H Learning an# e or3' Re5resentation of 5erce5tron' Linear se5ara1ilit3' /erce5tron Learning' Training of single la3er an# !lti$la3er' 1ac8 5ro5agation training algorith ' A55lications of 1ac85ro5ogation' Uni2ersal f!nction a55ro&i ation4 Att"$*t+"s N!u"$7 N!t=+"9s Intro#!ction' Associati2e e or3' Ho5fiel# net@or8s' Content a##ressa1le associati2e e ories4 GBH e or3' Bi#irectional

PART B ART N!t=+"9s G.H Cector E!antiDation & si 5lifie# ART architect!re' Architect!res & algorith s of ART* & ART( net@or8s' A55lications4 S!7,-+":$ 'O' : 2!$tu"! 1$> 51 G6H

Intro#!ction' Co 5etiti2e learning' :a&ican Hat net@or8s' %OF: algorith ' A55lications4 2uOO) /+:'* G.H Basic conce5ts of F!DD3 Logic' F!DD3 2s Cris5 set' F!DD3 !ncertaint3 & Ling!istic 2aria1les' e 1ershi5 f!nctions' o5erations on f!DD3 sets' f!DD3 r!les for a55ro&i ate reasoning' 2aria1le inference techniE!es' #ef!DDification techniE!es' A55lications of f!DD3 logic' F!DD3 s3ste #esign4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Ne!ral Net@or8s Q A Classroo A55roach 13 %atish I! ar' T:H4 (4 Ne!ral Net@or8s' f!DD3 Logic' an# Genetic Algorith s 13 Ra0ase8aran & Ci0a3ala8h i /ai' /HI4 +4 Ne!ral Net@or8 Aesign 13 Hagan' Ae !th & Beale' CENGAGE Learning4 ,4 Ne!ral Net@or8s Q A Co 5rehensi2e Fo!n#ation 13 %i on Ha38in' /earson E#!cation4 =4 F!DD3 Logic @ith engineering a55lications 13 Ross' :c$Gra@ Hil

P$>!" T't7!C N!u"$7 N!t=+"9s $ d 2uOO) /+:'* (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!- EC B60 /'st +, E6>!"'5! tsC &$s!d + T#!+") JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" t't7!C E5&!dd!d S)st!5 D!s': (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C ECB11 :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ R!('!= +, E5&!dd!d H$"d=$"! G10H :e or3' :icro5rocessors' B!ses' Airect :e or3 Access' Interr!5ts' B!ilt ins on the :icro5rocessor' Con2entions !se# on %che atic' :icro5rocessor Architect!re' Interr!5t Basic' %hare# Aata /ro1le s' Interr!5t Latenc34 PIC 1'*"+ *+ t"+77!" 4 I t!",$*' : G14H Intro#!ction' C/U Architect!re' Register file str!ct!re' Instr!ction %et' /rogra s' Ti ers an# Interr!5ts Q Interr!5t %er2ice Ro!tine Q feat!res of Interr!5ts Q Interr!5t 2ector & /riorit3' Ti ing Generation & :eas!re ents' Co 5are o#e' Ca5t!re o#e' E2ent co!nter' /7:' FreE!enc3 :eas!re ent Q Interfacing :etho#s' I6O Interface' %/I' LCA interfacing' %e2en seg ent interfacing' I( C B!s' AAC' %erial EE/RO:' AAC' UART4

PART B S+,t=$"! D!(!7+>5! t 4 T++7sC G-H %oft@are architect!res' Ro!n# Q Ro1in' Ro!n#$Ro1in @ith Interr!5ts' F!nction U!e!e %che#!ling architect!re' Intro#!ction to asse 1ler Q Co 5iler Qn Cross co 5ilers an# Integrate# 52

Ae2elo5 ent En2iron ent IAE' Lin8er6 Locators' %i !lators' Getting E 1e##e# soft@are into target %3ste Ae1!gging %trategies'4 I t"+du*t'+ t+ R!$7 T'5! 0>!"$t' : S)st!5sC G;H Tas8 An# Tas8 %tates' Tas8s an# Aata' %e a5hores an# share# #ata 0>!"$t' : S)st!5 S!"('*!sC G.H :essage E!e!es' :ail1o&es an# /i5es' Ti er F!nction' E2ents' :e or3 :anage ent' Interr!5t Ro!tines in an RTO% En2iron ent' Basic Aesign Using RTO%4 R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 An E 1e##e# %oft@are /ri er' 13 Aa2i# E4 %i on' /earson E#!cation' Latest E#ition4 (4 /IC :icrocontroller 13 Kohn B4 /eat an' /earson E#!cation' Latest E#ition4 +4 A4 A4 Ga0s8i' F4 Cahi#' %4 Nara3an' K4 Gong' %5ecification an# Aesign of E 1e##e# %3ste s' /rentice Hall4 ,4 %te2e Heath' E 1e##e# s3ste s #esign' Ne@nes' *BB>4 =4 Har#@are %oft@are Co$#esign of E 1e##e# %3ste s' F4 Balarin' Chio#o' et al4' Il!@er Aca#e ic /!1lishers' :a3 *BB> P$>!" T't7!C E5&!dd!d S)st!5 D!s': (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!- EC B61 /'st +, E6>!"'5! tsC &$s!d + T#!+") JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C S+7'd St$t! D!('*!s 1+d!7' : $ d S'5u7$t'+ (T#!+")) P$>!" C+d!C ECB1D :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART -A /ro5erties of %e icon#!ctor /h3sics$ charge carriers in se icon#!ctor' E&trinsic an# intrinsic se icon#!ctor' 5osition of fer i le2el' carrier trans5ort /heno ena' noneE!ili1ri! e&cess carriers in se icon#!ctors4/$n K!nction-$Base str!ct!re of the /$n K!nction' /$n K!nction c!rrent' %e icon#!ctor o#el' Generation an# Reco 1ination c!rrents4 K!nction 1rea8 #o@n' charge storage an# transients4Bi5olar Transistors -Q BKT action' inorit3 carrier #istri1!tion' lo@ freE!enc3 CB c!rrent gain' eE!ili1ri! circ!it :o#els' noni#eal effects' freE!enc3 li itation4 F(+G PART-B K!nction fiel# effect transistor-$KFET conce5ts' #e2ice characteristics' noni#eal effects' eE!i2alent circ!it an# freE!enc3 li itation' :etal o&i#e %e icon#!ctor fiel# effect transistors-$ :etal se icon#!ctor oh ic contacts' :O% str!ct!re an# o5eration ' ca5acitance $2oltage 53

characteristics 's all signal eE!i2alent circ!its' noni#eal effects4 Hetro0!nctions-$hetro0!nction aterials 'energ3$1an# #iagra s' c!rrent$2oltage characteristics4O5tical Ae2ices -QO5tical a1sor5tion' solar cell ' Light E itting #e2ice4 F((G

R!,!"! *!sC *4 (4 +4 ,4 %e icon#!ctor /h3sics an# Ae2ices' Aonal# Nea en' Tata :cGra@ Hill4 Ae2ice Electronics for Integrate# circ!its 13 Richar# %4:!ller Theo#ore I4 Ia ins' Kohn 7ile3 an# %ons' *B?<4 F!n#a entals of %e i$Con#!ctor Ae2ices 13 E#@ar# %4 Yang4 :cGra@ Hill' *B??4 /h3sics of %e i Con#!ctor Ae2ices 13 %4:4 %De' *B?*4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C S+7'd St$t! D!('*!s 1+d!7' : $ d S'5u7$t'+ (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!- EC B6D /'st +, E6>!"'5! tsC &$s!d + T#!+") JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ T't7!C A $7+: $ d 1'6!d S': $7 D!s': (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B1< :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART- A Theor3 an# Aesign of Aifferential an# o5erational A 5lifier @ith Bi5olar Technolog3' Analog CL%I iss!es in C:O% technologies' Basic :O% :o#els' %/ICE :o#els an# freE!enc3 #e5en#ent 5ara eters4 %ingle stage a 5lifiers-$1asic conce5ts ' co on$so!rce stage' so!rce follo@er' co on$gate stage4 /assi2e an# acti2e c!rrent irrors-$1asic c!rrent irrors' casco#e c!rrent irrors' acti2e c!rrent irrors4 :O% Aifferential a 5lifier4 C:O% o5$a 5s-$Aesign of C:O% o5$ a 5' co 5ensation of o5$a 5' #esign of t@o state o5$a 54 F(+G PART- B %@itche# ca5acitor circ!its-$sa 5ling s@itches' s@itche#$ca5acitor a 5lifiers' s@itche#$ca5acitor integrator4 Co 5arator Aesign-$characteriDation of co 5arators o5en loo5 co 5arator i 5ro2ing the 5erfor ance of o5en loo5 co 5arators4 Analog$to$Aigital Con2erters-$serial A6A con2erters' %!ccessi2e a55ro&i ation A6A con2erters' Aigital$to$Analog Con2erters-$c!rrent an# 2oltage scaling A6A con2erters' Analog :!lti5liers F((G R!,!" *! B++9sC *4 /hili5 E4Allen'Ao!glas R4Hol1erg' CMOS Analog Circuit Design 'secon# e#ition' Ne@3or8- O&for# ())< (4 B4 RaDa2i' Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits' Ne@ Yor8- :cGra@$ 54

Hill' ())*4 +4 Gra3 an# :e3er' Y Anal3sis an# Aesign of Analog ICs Y' 7ile3 International' *BB<4 +4 Gra3' 7oole3' Bro#ersen' Y Analog :O% Integrate# Circ!its Y' IEEE /ress' *B?B4 ,4 Ienneth R4 La8er' 7ill3 :4C4 %ansen' 7illia :4C4%ansen' Y Aesign of Analog Integrate# Circ!its an# %3ste s Y' :cGra@ Hill' *BB,4 =4 BehDa# RaDa2i' Y /rinci5les of Aata Con2ersion %3ste Aesign Y' %4 Chan# & Co 5an3 Lt#' ()))4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C A $7+: $ d 1'6!d S': $7 D!s': (P"$*t'*$7) P$>!" *+d!- EC B6< /'st +, E6>!"'5! tsC &$s!d + T#!+")

T't7!C 1E1S 4 1'*"+s)st!5s P$>!" *+d!- EC B14 :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART-A 0(!"('!= +, 1E1S $ d 1'*"+s)st!5s G6H :E:% an# :icros3ste s' :E:% an# :icros3ste s /ro#!cts' E2ol!tion of :icrofa1rication' :!lti#isci5linar3 Nat!re' :icros3ste s an# :iniat!riDation' A55lication of :icros3ste s4 L+"9' : P"' *'>7!s +, 1'*"+s)st!5s G6H :icrosensors- Aco!stic 7a2e %ensors' Bio e#ical sensors & Biosensors' Che ical %ensors' O5tical %ensors' /ress!re %ensors' Ther al %ensors4 :icroact!ation- Act!ation !sing Ther al forces' Act!ation !sing sha5e$ e or3 allo3' Act!ation !sing /ieDoelectric cr3stal' Act!ation !sing Electrostatic Forces4 S*$7' : /$=s ' 5' '$tu"'O$t'+ G6H Intro#!ction to scaling' %caling in Geo etr3' scaling in rigi# 1o#3 #3na ics' scaling in electrostatic forces' scaling in electro agnetic forces' scaling in electricit34 1$t!"'$7s ,+" 1E1S 4 1'*"+s)st!5s %!1strate & @afer' acti2e s!1strate aterial' silicon as s!1strate' galli! 5ieDoelectric aterials' 5ol3 ers' 5ac8aging aterial4 G;H arseni#e' E!artD'

PART-B 1'*"+s)st!5s 2$&"'*$t'+ P"+*!ss!s G.H /hotolithogra5h3' Ion i 5lantation' Aiff!sion' O&i#ation' Che ical Ca5or Ae5osition' /h3sical 2a5or #e5osition' e5ita&3' etching4 0(!"('!= +, 1'*"+5$*#' ' : B!l8 icro achining' s!rface icro achining' LGA 5rocess4 1'*"+s)st!5s D!s': 55 GBH G.H

Aesign Consi#eration' /rocess Aesign' Aesign of silicon #ie for Ai#e# Aesign' Intro#!ction to :icros3ste s /ac8aging4

icro

an!fact!ring' Co 5!ter

R!,!" *! B++9sC *4 :E:% & :icros3ste s- Aesign an# :an!fact!re4 Tai$Ran Hs!4 :c gra@ Hill4 (4 :E:%' N :ahali84 :c gra@ Hill4 +4 :E:% an# :OE:% Technolog3 an# A55lications' /4Rai Cho!#h!r34 /HI4 ,4 :icrosensors :E:% & % art Ae2ices' Gar#ner' CB% /!1lishers JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C A"t','*'$7 I t!77':! *! (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B1; :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ C G6H Artificial Intelligence an# its a55lications' Artificial Intelligence TechniE!es' Le2el of o#els' criteria of s!ccess' Intelligent Agents' Nat!re of Agents' Learning Agents4 P"+&7!5 s+7(' : t!*# 'Fu!sC G-H

%tate s5ace search' control strategies' he!ristic search' 5ro1le characteristics' 5ro#!ction s3ste characteristics4' Generate an# test' Hill cli 1ing' 1est first search' A; search' Constraint satisfaction 5ro1le ' :ean$en# anal3sis' :in$:a& %earch' Al5ha$Beta /r!ning' A##itional refine ents' Iterati2e Aee5ening4 P7$ ' :C GBH The /lanning 5ro1le ' 5lanning @ith state s5ace search' 5artial or#er 5lanning' 5lanning gra5hs' 5lanning @ith 5ro5ositional logic' Anal3sis of 5lanning a55roaches' Hierarchical 5lanning' con#itional 5lanning' Contin!o!s an# :!lti Agent 5lanning PART B P +=7!d:! "!>"!s! t$t'+ C G16H :a55ing 1et@een facts an# re5resentations' A55roaches to 8no@le#ge re5resentation' /ro5ositional logic' 5re#icate logic' Resol!tion' Resol!tion in 5ro5ortional logic an# 5re#icate logic' Cla!se for ' !nification algorith ' 5roce#!ral 2s #eclarati2e 8no@le#ge' For@ar# 2s Bac8@ar# reasoning' :atching' conflict resol!tion' Non$ onotonic reasoning' Aefa!lt reasoning' statistical reasoning' f!DD3 logic 7ea8 an# %trong filler str!ct!res' se antic nets' fra e' conce5t!al #e5en#enc3' scri5ts4 I t"+du*t'+ t+ N$tu"$7 /$ :u$:! >"+*!ss' : $ d !6>!"t s)st!5- G6H Basic Tas8s of Nat!ral Lang!age 5rocessing' E&5ert s3ste s' E&5ert s3ste e&a 5les' E&5ert %3ste Architect!res' R!le 1ase E&5ert s3ste s' Non :onotonic E&5ert %3ste s' Aecision tree 1ase E&5ert %3ste s4 56

R!*+55! d!d B++9s *4 Elaine Rich Artificial Intelligence' :cGra@ Hill' *BB+4 (4 /artic8 Henr3 7inston Artificial Intelligence' A##ison 7esle3' *BB)4 +4 %t!art K4R!ssel AI- A :o#ern A55roach' /earson E#!cation' Latest E#ition ,4 George L!ger Artificial Intelligence' /earson E#!cation' Latest E#ition =4 AAN' 74 /atterson' Intro#!ction to AI an# E&5ert %3ste s' /HI' latest E#ition <4 A4K4 Nillson /rinci5les of AI' Narosa 5!1lications' latest E#ition

P$>!" T't7!C 0>!"$t'+ s R!s!$"*# P$>!" C+d!C EC-B16 1$6 1$"9sC ;0 T'5!C <#"s.

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A 0>t'5'O$t'+ P"+&7!5sLinear /rogra ing- Gra5hical :etho# (%co5e as in Cha5ter * of Reference *"' %ol!tion of si !ltaneo!s linear eE!ations- An o2er2ie@ (%co5e as in Cha5ter (' %ections (4*= Q (4*< of Reference *"' Basic sol!tions' lines an# h35er5lanes' con2e& sets' e&tre e 5oints' con2e& sets an# h35er5lanes (%co5e as in Cha5ter (' %ections (4*B Q (4(* of Reference *"' Re#!ction of an3 feasi1le sol!tion to a s3ste of eE!ations to a 1asic feasi1le sol!tion4 %i 5le& :etho#- The si 5le& algorith (%co5e as in Cha5ter +' , of Reference *"' Ta1lea! for at for si 5le& co 5!tations' CharneOs :$ etho#' T@o 5hase etho# (%co5e as in Cha5ter = of Reference *"' The re2ise# si 5le& etho# (%co5e as in Cha5ter > of Reference *"4 (1D /!*tu"!s) A!alit3 theor3- For !lation of the #!al 5ro1le ' Theore s on #!alit3- 7ea8 A!alit3 Theore ' %trong A!alit3 Theore ' Co 5le entar3 %lac8ness Theore ' A!al %i 5le& Algorith (%co5e as in Cha5ter ?' %ections ?4* Q ?4*( of Reference *"4 (6 /!*tu"!s) Integer Linear /rogra ing- Branch an# Bo!n# Algorith ' C!tting /lane Algorith Cha5ter B' %ection B4* Q B4( of Reference ("4 /!*tu"!s) PART B T"$ s>+"t$t'+ P"+&7!5C Initial sol!tion 13 North$7est corner r!le' Ro@ ini a etho#' Col! n ini a etho#' :atri& ini a etho#' CogelOs etho#4 Ta1lea! of trans5ortation 5ro1le ' !$2 algorith for sol2ing trans5ortation 5ro1le 4 Aegenerac3 in trans5ortation 5ro1le 4 (%co5e as in Cha5ter B of Reference *"4 (6 /!*tu"!s) T#! Ass': 5! t P"+&7!5C H!ngarian :etho# (%co5e as in Cha5ter =' %ection =4, of Reference ("4 (D /!*tu"!s) (%co5e as in (4

57

T"$(!7' : S$7!s5$ P"+&7!5 (%co5e as in Cha5ter B' %ection B4+ of Reference ("4 (D /!*tu"!s) D) $5'* P"+:"$55' :C %hortest ro!te 5ro1le ' Ina5sac8 :o#el' 7or8force siDe o#el' EE!i5 ent re5lace ent o#el' In2est ent o#el' Ga e of chance (%co5e as in Cha5ter *)' %ections *)4* Q *)4+' Cha5ter *=' %ection *=4* Q *=4( of Reference ("4 (6 /!*tu"!s) CP1 $ d PERTC Net@or8 re5resentation' Critical 5ath co 5!tations' Constr!ction of ti e sche#!le' Linear 5rogra ing for !lation of C/:' /ERT net@or8s (%co5e as in Cha5ter <' %ection <4< of Reference ("4 (D /!*tu"!s) B$s'* Nu!u' : S)st!5sC Ele ents of a E!e!ing o#el' /!re 1irth an# 5!re #eath o#el' GeneraliDe# /oisson E!e!ing o#el (%co5e as in Cha5ter *>' %ection *>4* to *>4= of Reference ("4 (; /!*tu"!s) R!,!"! *!sC *4 G4 Ha#le34 Linear /rogra ing' Narosa /!1lishing Ho!se' Ne@ Aelhi' ())(4 (4 Ha #3 A4 Taha4 O5erations Research' An Intro#!ction' %e2enth E#ition' /earson E#!cation' Aelhi' ())+4 +4 Ianti %@aroo5' /4 I4 G!5ta' :an :ohan4 O5erations Research' T@elfth E#ition' %!ltan Chan# an# %ons' Ne@ Aelhi' ()),4 ,4 A4 :4 Natara0an' /4 Balas!1ra ani' A4 Ta ilarasi4 O5erations Research' /earson E#!cation' Aelhi' ())=4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C N$ + T!*# +7+:) (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B1. :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ t+ P#)s'*s +, t#! S+7'd St$t!C G10H %tr!ct!re' %iDe #e5en#ence of 5ro5erties' Cr3stal str!ct!res' Face$Centere# c!1ic nano5articles' Tetrahe#rall3 Bon#e# se icon#!ctor str!ct!res' Lattice Ci1rations' Energ3 Ban#s' Ins!lators' %e icon#!ctors an# con#!ctors' Resi5rocal %5ace' Energ3 Ban#s an# Ga5s of %e icon#!ctors' Effecti2e asses' Fer i s!rfaces' LocaliDe# 5articles' Aonors' Acce5tors an# Aee5 Tra5s' :o1ilit3' E&citons4 P"+>!"t'!s +, I d'('du$7 N$ +>$"t'*7!sC G10H Intro#!ction to %e icon#!cting Nano5articles' Intro#!ction to U!ant! Aots' @ells' @ires' /re5aration of U!ant! Nanostr!ct!res' Intro#!ction to Car1on Nanot!1es' Fa1rication' %tr!ct!re' Electrical 5ro5erties' Ci1rational 5ro5erties' :echanical 5ro5erties4 B'+7+:'*$7 1$t!"'$7sC Biological B!il#ing Bloc8s' N!cleic Aci#s' Biological Nanostr!ct!res4 58 G6H

PART B T++7sC G10H TE:' Infrare# an# Ra an %5ectrosco53' /hotoe ission an# V$RAY s5ectrosco53' Electron icrosco53' %/:s' AF:s' Electrostatic force :icrosco5e' :agnetic force icrosco5e N$ +s*$7! D!('*!sC G-H Intro#!ction' Nanoscale :O%FET$5laner an# non 5laner' Resonant$t!nneling #io#es' %ingle electron transistor' U!ant! $Aot' Nano$electroche ical s3ste s' :olec!lar6Bi olec!lar electron #e2ices' R!,!"! *! B++9s*4 Nanotechnolog3- G4Ti 5' Bell La1s' :!rra3 Hill' NK(E#4" (4 Inro#!ction to Nanotechnolog3$Charless /4 /oole' 7ile3 International +4 Nano %3ste s- :olec!lar achiner3' an!fact!reing an# co 5!tation- Eric Are&ler' Kohn @ile3 an# sons4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C S$t!77't! C+55u '*$t'+ s (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B1B :a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART-A C+55u '*$t'+ S$t!77't!C 0"&'t $ d D!s*"'>t'+ A Brief histor3 of satellite Co !nication' %atellite FreE!enc3 Ban#s' %atellite %3ste s' A55lications' Or1ital /erio# an# Celocit3' effects of Or1ital Inclination' ADi !th an# Ele2ation' Co2erage angle an# slant Range' Ecli5se' Or1ital /ert!r1ations' /lace ent of a %atellite in a Geo$%tationar3 or1it4 S$t!77't! Su&-S)st!5s Attit!#e an# Or1it Control s3ste ' TT&C s!1s3ste ' Attit!#e Control s!1s3ste ' /o@er s3ste s' Co !nication s!1s3ste s' %atellite Antenna EE!i5 ent4 S$t!77't! /' 9 Basic Trans ission Theor3' %3ste Noise Te 5erat!re an# G6T ratio' Basic Lin8 Anal3sis' Interference Anal3sis' Aesign of satellite Lin8s for a s5ecifie# C6N' (7ith an# @itho!t freE!enc3 Re$!se"4 PART-B P"+>$:$t'+ !,,!*ts Intro#!ction' At os5heric A1sor5tion' Clo!# Atten!ation' Tro5os5heric an# Ionos5eheric %cintillation an# Lo@ angle fa#ing' Rain in#!ce# atten!ation' rain in#!ce# cross 5olariDation interference4 GPS P"' *'>7!s- Histor3 of Na2igation' G/% Constellation' /rinci5le of o5eration' G/% Or1its' Or1ital echanics an# %atellite 5osition #eter ination' Ti e reference' Cario!s AO/s' signal 59

str!ct!re' Co#e an# carrier 5hase eas!re ents4 G/% a55lications

eas!re ents' 5osition esti ation @ith 5se!#orage

R!,!" *! B++9sC *4 Aigital %atellite Co !nications$Tri4T4Ha' ' (n# E#ition' *BB)' :c4Gra@ Hill4 (4 %atellite Co !nications QTi oth3 /ratt' Charles Bostian' Kere 3 Alln!tt' (n# E#ition' ())+' Kohn 7ile3 & %ons4 +4 %atellite Co !nications$Aennis Ro##3' (n# E#ition' *BB<' :c$Gra@ Hill4 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ P$>!" T't7!C R!s!$"*# 1!t#+d+7+:) (T#!+")) P$>!" *+d!- EC B1:a&4 :ar8s- =) Ti e- + ho!rs

N+t! ,+" >$>!" s!tt!"- Total of Eight E!estions a3 1e set co2ering the @hole s3lla1!s ta8ing four fro /art A & four fro /art B4 Can#i#ates @ill 1e reE!ire# to $tt!5>t $ ) five Fu!st'+ s t$9' : $t 7!$st t=+ ,"+5 !$*# P$"t. PART A I t"+du*t'+ t+ Edu*$t'+ $7 R!s!$"*# G4H Conce5t' t35es Q 1asic' a55lie# an# action' Nee# for e#!cational research R!('!=' : /'t!"$tu"! G4H Nee#' %o!rces Q /ri ar3 an# %econ#ar3' /!r5oses of Re2ie@' %co5e of Re2ie@' ste5s in con#!cting re2ie@4 Id! t',)' : $ d D!,' ' : R!s!$"*# P"+&7!5 G;H Locating' anal3Ding stating an# e2al!ating 5ro1le 4 Generating #ifferent t35es of h35otheses an# e2al!ating the 4 1!t#+ds +, R!s!$"*# G;H Aescri5ti2e research #esign $ s!r2e3' case st!#3' content anal3sis' E&$5ost Facto Research' Correlational an# E&5eri ental Research S$5>7' : T!*# 'Fu!s G;H Conce5t of 5o5!lation an# sa 5leO sa 5ling techniE!es $ si 5le ran#o sa 5ling' stratifie# ran#o sa 5ling' s3ste atic sa 5ling an# cl!ster sa 5ling' sno@ 1all sa 5ling' 5!r5osi2e sa 5ling' E!ota sa 5ling techniE!es4 Aeter ining siDe of sa 5le4 PART B D!s': $ d D!(!7+>5! t +, 1!$su"' : I st"u5! ts G4H Tests' E!estionnaires' chec8lists' o1ser2ation sche#!les' e2al!ating research instr! ents' selecting a stan#ar#iDe# test4 P"+*!du"! 0, D$t$ C+77!*t'+ G4H As5ects of #ata collection' co#ing #ata for anal3sis St$t'st'*$7 1!t#+ds +, A $7)s's G;H Aescri5ti2e statistics- :eaning' gra5hical re5resentations' ean' range an# stan#ar# #e2iation' characteristics an# !ses of nor al c!r2e4 Inferential statistics- t$test' Chi$sE!are tests' correlation (ran8 #ifference an# 5ro#!ct o ent"' ANOCA (one @a3"' %electing a55ro5riate etho#s4 60

P"+*!du"! ,+" L"'t' : $ R!s!$"*# P"+>+s$7 G4H /!r5ose' t35es an# co 5onents of research 5ro5osal4 P"+*!du"! ,+" L"'t' : $ R!s!$"*# R!>+"t GDH A!#iences an# t35es of research re5orts' For at of research re5ort an# 0o!rnal articles4 St"$t!:'!s ,+" E($7u$t' :, R!s!$"*# GDH #isse inating an# !tiliDing research Q An O2er2ie@ R!*+55! d!d B++9sC *4 Borg' 7 an# Gall' :4 E#!cational Research- An Intro#!ction' Ne@ Yor8' Long an4())+ (4 Cohen' L4 E#!cational Research in Classroo s an# %chools Z A :an!al of :aterials an# :etho#s NY- Har5er an# Ro@ /!1lishers4())) +4 C/%C- Ae2elo5ing %8ills in Technician E#!cation Research :o#!les * to ** %inga5ore' Colo 1o /lan %taff College for Technician E#!cation ,4 Garrett' HE an# 7oo#@orth' R%4 %tatistics in /s3cholog3 an# E#!cation' E#!cational Research' Bo 1a3- Ca8ils Fetter an# %i ons Lt#4 ())+ =4 Ga3' LR' E#!cational Research' Ohio- Charles E4 :erril /!1lishing Co 5an3()))4 <4 7iers a 7illia Research :etho#s in E#!cation Q An Intro#!ction Lon#on' All3n an# Bacon' Inc4()))

61