Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 35

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.

com)

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

TEMA 1
Vocabulary and Expressions Practice FRIENDS - 1017/1018 - The Last One ACTIVITY A
Phoebe: So, you just let her go? Ross: Yeah. Joey: Hey, maybe that's for the best. Ross: Yeah? Joey: Yeah. You know? You just... Look, you ___________... You ___________ think about last night the way she does, okay? Maybe, maybe sleeping together was the perfect way to say goodbye? Phoebe: But now she'll never know how he feels! Joey: Maybe that's okay. You know? Maybe, maybe it is better this way? I mean, now, now ____________________. I mean, you've been trying to for so long, maybe now that you're on different continents. Right? Joey: Maybe now ________________________. You know? ____________________________________ her. Ross: Yeah, that's true. Except I don't __________ get over her. Joey: What? Ross: I don't! I __________ be with her. Joey: Really? Ross: Yeah, I'm _________ go after her. Joey: Yeah, you are! Phoebe: Woo! Phoebe: Wait, wait! Get your coat! Get your coat! Ross: My coat... Joey: This is so cool! Chandler: I have no idea what's going on, but I am excited! Joey: But Ross, Ross. What do you, what do you think she's going to say? Ross: I don't know, but I.. Look, even if she shoots me down, at least I won't spend the rest of my life _________________ what would have happened. Where - where is my coat?! Phoebe: You didn't bring one! My cab's downstairs, I'll drive you to the airport. Ross: Okay, guys, wish me luck. Phoebe: Hurry! Joey: Good luck, good luck! 1. Qual o significado de gonna, wanna e gotta? Quando podemos utilizar esse jeito de falar? 2. Escreva frases contendo gonna, wanna e gotta. 3. Voc usou o mesmo Verbo Modal para completar 3 frases. Qual a traduo e o sentido dele em cada frase? 4. O que significa to wonder? Escreva 2 frases usando este verbo. 5. Circule no texto 2 frases no futuro, uma na afirmativa e outra na negativa, e traduza-as. 6. Como se diz dar / pegar carona em ingls? 7. Supondo que o Ross tivesse pego um txi de verdade, como seria um possvel dilogo dele com o motorista? Escreva o dilogo. 2

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

ACTIVITY B
Ross: There's no ___________! Phoebe: That's okay. If - if we hit anything, the _______________ will explode, so you know, it's better if you're thrown from the ______. Ross: Alright, alright, let's do this! Phoebe: Okay! (A guy comes up and gets into the ____________ of the cab.) Ross: Hey! Man: 18th and East End. Phoebe: I - I don't take __________________. Man: Hey! The law says you have to accept any fare. Ross: No, you don't understand. This isn't a real _______. Man: Alright, I gotta report you. What's your medallion number? Phoebe: My medallion number is, "Get out of the cab!" Man: What? Ross: Get out of the cab! Phoebe: Get out of the cab! Phoebe: You can open your eyes now. Ross: Are we off the bridge? Phoebe: Yes. Ross: Is the old woman on the bicycle _________ _____________? Phoebe: Yes, she jumped right back up. Ross: Oh my God, Phoebe, _________ __________! Phoebe: Do you wanna get to Rachel ___ ___________? Ross: Yes, but I don't wanna die in your cab! Phoebe: You should have thought of that before you got in! Phoebe: Toll-booth. Ross: What? Phoebe: Toll-booth! Four _________. There are quarters in the ____________________________. Phoebe: ____________! Ross: Okay! Phoebe: Okay. Phoebe: Damn, that _________________ is clean. 1. Dentre as palavras que voc usou para completar o script, h algumas partes do carro. Quais so? 2. Como se diz as seguintes partes do carro em ingls?

3. Quais dessas partes tambm existem em um avio e recebem o mesmo nome (em ingls)? 4. Quais partes so semelhantes em um avio e por isso recebem nomes diferentes (em ingls) em relao s partes do carro? 3

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

5. Agora leia algumas falas tpicas de um comissrio de bordo. Circule as partes do avio que so mencionadas e traduza-as. "Good [morning], Ladies and Gentlemen welcome aboard TAM Airlines flight JJ3872. to Braslia Please make sure that all carry-on items are stowed either in an overhead compartment or completely beneath the seat in front of you. If you have problems with the proper stowage of your items, please let a flight attendant know and we will be happy to help you. If you are seated in an emergency exit row, please read the information on the passenger safety card which is located in the seatback pocket in front of you. If you do not meet the criteria for seating in this row, or if you do not wish to assist in an emergency, let a crewmember know at this time and we will be happy to reseat you. Prior to departure from the gate all cellphones must be turned off and stowed. Once again, we welcome you onboard." "Ladies and Gentlemen, please remain seated until the aircraft has come to a complete stop at the parking bay and the seat belt sign is switched off. All mobile phones must be turned off at all times. Thank you." "Ladies and Gentlemen, we will be dimming the cabin lights. If you would like to have the reading light on, the push button is located on the panel above your seat. Thank you."
Fonte: http://www.inglesnapontadalingua.com.br/2008/09/vocabulrio-especfico-airline-english.html

ACTIVITY C
[Scene: The airport. Ross and Phoebe run in.] Phoebe: Ross, where are you going? Ross: To talk to Rachel, isn't that why we took a ride in the death-cab? Phoebe: What? What are you just gonna walk up to her at the ________? Have you never chased anyone through the ___________ before? Ross: Not since my cop-show got cancelled. Phoebe: You have to get a ____________ to get past _______________. Ross: What? We're never gonna make it! Phoebe: Not with that attitude! Now, haul ass! (They run to the _________ ___________, but they get stuck behind a group of old people who are walking very slowly.) Ross: Okay, if you ________ all ________ __________, that'd be great. [Scene: The gate. Rachel walks up to the man at the gate and gives him her passport.] Gate attendant #1: Madame, your _________________ please? Rachel: Oh my God! I was so afraid I wasn't gonna remember any of my high-school French, but I understood every word you just said! Gate attendant #1: Your ____________ ________, please. Rachel: Oh. Rachel: Oh, shoot. I had it. Oh, I _______ ____________this. Gate attendant #1: Madame, if you don't have your boarding pass... Rachel: I have it, I have it, I have it. Oh, okay, I ______ _________ it, but I remember that I was in________ ________, because that's my bra-size. 4

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Gate attendant #1: Madame, you _______ _________ your boarding pass.. Rachel: Okay, fine! But you know what? If I was in____________, we _________________________ this problem. 1. Quais so os documentos que voc precisa para viajar de avio (at no momento do embarque)? 2. Quais so as etapas para / at embarcar? 3. Analise os verbos modais desse trecho do video, traduzindo-os e dizendo o sentido de cada um.

ACTIVITY ACTIVITY D
1. Use as palavras a seguir para completar o dilogo. Depois, assista o vdeo para verificar se est tudo

correto.

Ross: Hey, I need a ___________. Phoebe: Just _____? I drive you all the way down here, and I don't get to see _______ it works out? Ross: Fine, ______ tickets, I need two tickets. Phoebe: We're on our __________________. Ticket agent: And the __________________? Ross: I don't care. Whatever is the cheapest. Phoebe: I'm so __________ I married you. Rachel: Oh! Shoot! Damn it! Where is it? Oh! Oh! I found it! I found it! Rachel: Hah! I found it! I told you I would find it! In your face! You're a different person.

2. Assista o video e complete o dilogo.

Ross: Okay, _______________ to ________. I don't see it, do you see it? Phoebe: No, did we _______ it? Ross: No, no, no. That's impossible. It doesn't ___________ for another ____ minutes. Phoebe: Maybe we have the ___________________ wrong. God. Monica: Hello. Phoebe: Hey, it's me. Here's Ross. Ross: What? Hey, hey, listen.. Monica: Oh my God! Ross, you wouldn't believe the cute little noises the twins are making. Listen. Ross: Monica? Monica, Monica, Monica, Monica..? Monica: Oh, I'm sorry. Shoot, they were doing it before. Ross: That's alright. Listen, listen. Monica: Oh, wait, wait, wait! Here they go again. Ross: Monica? Monica, Monica, Monica, Monica..? Monica: Isn't that cute? Ross: That is precious! Listen! I need Rachel's __________________________________. Monica: Oh, okay. Alright, it's flight _________. ___________ at ________. Ross: Yes, that's what I have. It's not __________________. Monica: That's what it says here. Flight 421, leaves at 8:40, _________________________________. Ross: What? Monica: Newark airport. Why, where are you? Ross: _________. 5

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

3. Associe o nome do aeroporto com sua descrio. A. John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) B. Newark International Airport (EWR) C. LaGuardia Airport (LGA)

New York City Airport Guide New York has three main airports through which millions of people pass each year. If you have questions about travel into and out of New York City, call (800) A-I-R-R-I-D-E during normal business hours. ( ) in Queens (at the south end of the Van Wyck Expressway), primarily handles international flights. ( ) also in Queens (on the Grand Central Parkway), mainly handles domestic flights. If you're flying in from anywhere in the U.S., chances are you'll come through here. Particular exceptions include Continental Airlines. ( ) in New Jersey, handles both domestic and international flights. It's a bit further from the city than the other two airports, but it is generally less crowded and has more modern facilities.
http://www.ny.com/transportation/airports/

4. Agora escolha 2 aeroportos Brasileiros e faa uma breve descrio de cada um (em ingls).

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

TEMA 2 Phrasal Verbs


ACTIVITY E
Ross: Phoebe! Wow! No, no, no! Phoebe: Well, I've never gone this fast before. Ross: Phoebe, forget it, okay? Newark is - is like an hour away. There's no way we're gonna make it in time. Phoebe: She's got her cell, you ___________________ her. Ross: I am not doing this over the phone. Phoebe: You don't have any other choice! Rachel: Hello? Phoebe: Rachel? Oh, good. Hey, by the way, did you just __________ the ________? Rachel: Yeah. Phoebe: (To Ross) For what it's worth, we would have caught her if we were at the right airport. Ross: Yay. Phoebe: Uh, Rach, hang on. Rachel: Phoebe? Is everything okay? Phoebe: Uhm, actually no. No, you've... You have to _____________ the plane. Rachel: What? Why? Phoebe: I ______ this ___________ that something's wrong with it. Something is wrong with the left Philange. Rachel: Oh, honey, ___________ there's nothing ____________ with _____________. Rachel: Alright, look, I have to go. I love you, and I will call you the minute I ___________ Paris. Passenger #1: Uhm, what was that? Rachel: Oh, that was just my crazy friend. She told me I _______________ the plane, because she had a feeling that there was something wrong with the left Philange. Passenger #1: Okay, that doesn't ________________________. Rachel: I ___________________ about it. She's always coming up with stuff like this, and you know what? She's almost ____________ right. Passenger #1: But she is ____________________. Rachel: Well... Rachel: Wait, what are you doing? Passenger #1: Well, I ______________ this plane now. Air stewardess: Excuse me, sir, where are you going? Passenger #1: I have to ___________ this plane, okay? Her friend has a feeling something's wrong with the left Philange. Rachel: _______________________ some peanuts? Passenger #2: What's wrong with the plane? Air stewardess: There's nothing wrong with the plane. Passenger #1: Yeah! The left Philange! Air stewardess: There is no Philange! Passenger #1: Oh my God. This plane doesn't even have a Philange! Passenger #2: I'm not flying on it! Air stewardess: Ma'am, please sit down! Passenger #3: What's _________________? Passenger #1: We're all ______________________. There is no Philange! Rachel: This is ridiculous! I... Yeah, okay. 7

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

1. Analise o verbo to get em algumas das frases deste trecho do video. Considere tambm outras

sentences em que ele apareceu anteriormente: You can finally get over her.; Get your coat!; "Get out of the cab!". Qual o significado desse verbo em cada uma das frases? O que faz com que ele tenha diferentes significados?

2. Associe cada Phrasal Verb com Get e o exemplo com sua definio.

Phrasal Verbs with GET a. GET AROUND - Since my car broke down, Ive been getting around by bicycle. b. GET AT - Could you please scratch my back? I have this itch that I just cant quite get at. c. GET AWAY - Max had a dream that a very fat woman was attacking him and he couldn't get away. d. GET BACK - When Mary called her engagement with Max off, Max tried to get the ring back. e. GET BACK - Max got back late from the soccer match. f. GET DOWN - Talking about politics really gets me down. g. GET IN - When did you get in from Paris? h. GET OFF - Max got off his bicycle to tie his shoe. i. GET OUT - Sam wouldn't stop talking so we asked him to get out. j. GET OVER - Max finally got over the flu. k. GET THROUGH - It took me almost two weeks to get through that book. l. GET TO - I cant wait to get to school. m. GET TOGETHER - Let's get together tomorrow night. n. GET UP - Mary gets up at sunrise to go jogging every morning. ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ) to depress, exhaust or discourage ) to go from place to place ) to escape ) to meet ) to return ) to have something returned ) to arrive ) to access or reach ) to dismount ) to escape or leave ) to overcome, recover from ) to arrive at, to progress to ) to rise to one's feet or arise from bed; to climb ) to finish something completely; to arrive at the end of something http://www.eflnet.com/pverbs/pvlistverb.php?verb=GET

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

3. Analise o uso de get na propaganda a seguir: New planes. Lower prices. The best just got

better.
4. Pesquise outros phrasal verbs. Traga exemplos

para a prxima aula.

http://josephmclarty.com/portfolio/clearsky-airways/

ACTIVITY ACTIVITY F
1. Entre parnteses h um sinnimo da palavra que est faltando no dilogo, tente adivinhar e completar

as frases. Gate attendant #2: ___________ (MADAM), I assure you, the plane is _______ (OK). Passenger #2: And you fixed the Philange? Gate attendant #2: Yes, the Philange is ____________ (REPAIRED). As a matter of fact, we put a whole lot of extra Philanges onboard, just in case. Ross: Where is she? Phoebe: I don't see her. Ross: Rachel! Rachel Green! Phoebe: There she is! Ross: Rachel! Rachel! Gate attendant #2: Wow, excuse me, sir, do you have a boarding pass? Ross: No, no, I just have to talk to _____________ (A PERSON). Gate attendant #2: I'm sorry, you cannot go any further ___________ (WITH NO) boarding pass. Ross: No, no, no, but... Phoebe: (screaming) RACHEL!! Rachel: Oh my God... What.. What are you _________ (PEOPLE) doing here? Phoebe: Okay, you're on. Rachel: What? What? Ross, you're scaring me. What's _____________ (HAPPENING)? Ross: Okay, the thing is.. Rachel: Yeah? Ross: Don't go. Rachel: What? Ross: Please, please stay with me. I am so in love with you. Please, don't go. Rachel: Oh my God. 9

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Ross: I know, I know. I shouldn't have waited 'till now to say it, but I'm.. That was __________ (SILLY), okay? I'm sorry, but I'm telling you now. I love you. Do not get on this ______ (AIRCRAFT). Gate attendant #2: Miss? Are you ______________ (GETTING ON) the plane? Ross: Hey, hey. I know you love me. I know you do. Gate attendant #2: Miss? Rachel: I - I have to get on the plane. Ross: No, you don't. Rachel: Yes, I do. Ross: No, you don't. Rachel: They're waiting for me, Ross. I can't do this _______________ (AT THIS MOMENT), I'm sorry. I'm sorry. Ross: Rachel? Rachel: I'm so sorry. Ross: I really thought she'd _________ (NOT LEAVE). Phoebe: I'm sorry.

2. Encontre no texto algumas expresses/referncias de tempo. 3. Como se diz as expresses de tempo a seguir em ingls?

ACTIVITY G
1. Complete as frases de acordo com o que voc ouvir.

Rachel: (on the answering machine) Ross, hi. ____________. I just got back on the plane. And I just ___________________. That is so not how I wanted things to end with us. It's just that I wasn't expecting to see you, and ______________________ you're there and saying these things... And... And now I'm just sitting here and thinking of all the ________ I should have said, and I didn't. I mean, I didn't even get to tell you that I love you too. Because _____________ I do. I love you. I love you. I love you. What am I doing? I love you! Oh, I've gotta see you. I've ________________________ this plane. Ross: Oh my God! Rachel: Excuse me? Air stewardess: Miss? Please, ________________! Rachel: I'm sorry. I'm really sorry, but I need to get off the plane, okay? I need to tell someone that I love love them. Air stewardess: Miss, I can't let you off the plane. Ross: Let her off the plane! Air stewardess: I am afraid you are gonna have to ________________. 10

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Rachel: Oh, please, miss, you don't understand! Ross: Try to understand! Rachel: Oh, come on, miss, isn't there any way that you can just let me off... Ross: No! No! Oh my God. Did she get off the plane? Did she get off the plane? Rachel: I got off the plane. Ross: You got off the plane. Rachel: I do love you. Ross: I love you too, and I'm never letting you go again. Rachel: Okay. 'Cause this is where I wanna be, okay? No more messing around. I don't wanna mess this up again. Ross: Me __________, okay? We are - we're done being stupid. Rachel: Okay. You and me, alright? This is it. Ross: This is it. Unless we're on a break. Ross: Don't make jokes now.

11

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

TEMA 3
Elementos de Referncia 1. Reference Devices: Personal Pronouns

Example: Alberto Santos-Dumont was a Brazilian aviation pioneer. He dedicated himself to science studies in Paris, France, where he spent most of his adult life.

2. Reference Devices: Demonstrative Pronouns THIS = este, esta - This book is on this table (Este livro est em cima desta mesa) THESE = estes , estas - These people are reading in English. (Estas pessoas esto lendo em Ingls) THAT = aquele,aquela,aquilo - That girl is my daughter. (Aquela garota minha filha) THOSE = aqueles, aquelas - Those kids are my children. (Aqueles garotos so meus filhos) 3. Reference Devices: Relative Pronouns In English, some relative pronouns are: who, whom, whose, which, and, in some treatments, that. There are other words that can be considered reference devices in a sentence / text: EACH EVERY SOME BOTH ALL MANY 12

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

EXAMPLES:

The first fixed-wing aircraft: The 14-bis versus the Wright Flyers Mainstream aviation historians credit the Wright Brothers with the creation of the first successful heavier-than-air flying machine, able to take off under its own power and capable of sustained and controlled flight. The Wrights used a launching rail for their 1903 flights and a launch catapult for their 1904 and 1905 machines, while the aircraft of Santos-Dumont and other Europeans had wheeled undercarriages. The Wright Brothers continued to use skids, which necessitated the use of a dolly running on a track. The Fdration Aronautique Internationale, founded in France in 1905 to verify aviation records, stated among its rules that an aircraft should be able to take off under its own power in order to qualify for a record. Supporters of Santos-Dumont maintain that this means the 14-bis was, technically, the first successful fixed-wing aircraft. The issue of which aircraft was first or more practical is a matter of debate between supporters of Santos-Dumont and the Wright brothers. The Wrights flew earlier, and SantosDumont took off on wheels before the Wrights, earning a variety of prizes and official records in France. Santos-Dumont's flights in the 14-bis contributed to the development of aviation by publicly demonstrating the feasibility of heavier-than-air flight, which encouraged other pioneers in Europe to begin or quicken the pace of their experiments. Fonte: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Santos-Dumont IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

13

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

http://www.smartcockpit.com/aircraft-ressources/A330-Doors.html

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

14

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

EXTRA ACTIVITY
The Big Bang Theory
Season 2, episode 16 (around 18 minutes)

Scene: The apartment Leonard: Why are you crouching there? Sheldon: This is my spot. Where else am I supposed to crouch? Leonard: I dont know. Texas? Penny (arriving with cushion): Here you go. Fresh from the cleaners, good as new. Leonard: Really? Great. Sheldon, look. Good as new. Sheldon: From that key maker, I highly doubt it. Penny: Come on, Sheldon. Just give it a try. Sheldon: All right. Penny: There, nice and comfy cosy. Zero, zero, zero. Sheldon: Theres one more zero. You forgot the time parameter. Penny: Sit on the damn couch. Sheldon: Nope. Penny: What do you mean, nope? Whats wrong with it? Leonard: Nothing, its whats wrong with him. Penny: Its exactly the same

http://bigbangtrans.wordpress.com/series-2-episode-16-the-cushion-saturation-3/

4. Reference Devices: Compound Relative Pronouns The words whoever, whatever, whichever, however, whenever and wherever are called compound relative pronouns. These are used to mean it doesnt matter who/what/which etc. Whoever comes to the door, ask them to wait. Whatever happens, happens for good. Whoever phoned just now was very rude. Dont open the door whoever they are. Wherever you go, I will follow you.

Informal uses
In an informal style, these conjunctions are sometimes used as short answers. When should I come? Whenever. / Tea or coffee? Whichever. Lets practice! Now its your turn to use short answers. Reply the following sentences using compound relative pronouns. What kind of food would you like to have? Would you like to have some tea or some coffee? Saturday or Sunday? We can ask either Laura or Jane for help. Who are we going to call? IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

15

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Reference Devices: Compound Relative Pronouns

Aviation Context

1. The policy states that aircraft will be monitored every two years or 1000 flight hours, whichever is longer. 2. Destroy when 5 years old or when superseded or obsolete, whichever is sooner 3. () the vent header shall not be less than one foot above the average maximum snow depth, or 3 feet (1 meter) above ground level, whichever is higher 4. Whenever a runway length has been temporarily or permanently shortened, state the word shortened immediately following the runway number 5. Do not use this procedure whenever conditions indicate the probability of a steep pressure gradient between two locations 6. Those of us in the FAA's Office of Commercial Space Transportation are certainly eager to do whatever we can to assist our partners at NASA in ... 7. They also contended that the Board was constituted to take whatever combination of actions it chose relating to hours of airport operation and that ... http://www.faa.gov
IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

16

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

TEMA 4 Characteristics Word Order Nominal Groups

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

17

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

18

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

19

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

20

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

TEMA 5
Verb Tenses
.

Which aircraft is being described?


o Read and understand the text. o Choose some information to say about it. o Say the information aloud so the other groups have the chance to guess which aircraft you are talking about. o ATTENTION: you HAVE to use information from the text. A Description of A380 Cockpits The A380 Airbus is the world's largest airplane at 239.5 feet (73 meters) in length. It has a 261.8-foot (79.8 meter) wingspan and accommodates two decks with a passenger capacity of 555. Emirates was the first airline to buy an A380 in 2000. The plane benefits from advanced technology and design, from fuel efficiency and passenger comfort to the cockpit layout. Cockpit Design The A380 cockpit has an area of 47.4 square feet (4.4 square meters). This makes it much roomier than most wide-bodied jets. There are eight display monitors for the two-person piloting team and all systems are connected by a network. Each display is large enough to provide clearer presentation for the pilot. A track ball, similar to a computer mouse and a keyboard are used to navigate through information on the interactive, reconfigurable screens. Navigation and Weather Controls The A380 has a display that shows the altitude vertically and distance horizontally. Terrain is projected in brown while the flight path is in green and the aircraft is shown in yellow. Weather can be seen horizontally and vertically at any altitude, allowing for greater situational awareness. The pilots also can make specific modifications to the flight plan, through menus with choices, on the navigation screen more quickly and efficiently. Information and Flight Management Controls Pilots and crew have access to technical logbooks, maps, equipment and operation manuals and other information in electronic form. Many controls are streamlined for more efficiency. The Flight Management System is displayed on two screens instead of the usual three. Folders are used to store and access related functions. Air traffic control messaging is also pared down from two screens to one. Pilots can view surveillance video on cockpit displays. Read more: A Description of A380 Cockpits | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/facts_7590587_description-a380-cockpits.html#ixzz27ObhMc13

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

21

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Embraer Legacy Shuttle Description The EMB-135LR, in contrast to its predecessor, is designed to work best on shorter trips. It can carry more passengers than its predecessor, and is designed to be used as a corporate shuttle for anywhere between 16 and 37 passengers, not as a luxurious office at 39,000 feet. With that in mind, the Legacy Shuttle meets its design objectives very well. It is extremely practical, making it an ideal private jet for day-to-day business use. In addition, it is exceptionally reliable, retaining plenty of backup systems for each key function, as should be expected from a private jet originally designed for day-in, day-out commercial use. The cabin of the Legacy Shuttle is the second-largest of any heavy jet (following only the late-generation Gulfstreams), with a cabin volume of 1,413 cubic feet. The cabin measures 6 feet high, 6.9 feet wide, and 42.4 feet long. The internal and external baggage compartments, totaling 367 cubic feet, can hold 2,756 pounds of baggage and are both accessible in-flight. The external baggage compartment is pressurized, air-conditioned, and has class C fire protection. Although the interior configurations vary greatly according to how many passengers the jet holds (16-37 passengers), typical amenities include a galley with an oven, coffee maker and cold food storage. Airshow 400, single-channel satcom and multiple AC power outlets are included in the standard interior configuration. The in-flight entertainment system consists of a 20-inch flat-panel screen mounted at the front of the cabin that includes DVD, VCR, and CD players with headphone jacks at each seat. Alternately, individual passenger screens may be installed, along with multi-channel satcom, various pieces of office equipment, a microwave, and so on. Cabins are insulated with a 54 dBa acoustical insulation package from Flight Environments and all have an emergency oxygen system and an emergency exit. Seat design varies according to which interior layout is chosen; for the 16passenger option, the seats are quite comfortable and spread out, as in a first-class commercial cabin. The 19-passenger configuration uses smaller seats that are more tightlyspaced, and the high-density (37 passenger) option is undeniably reminiscent of coach. The Legacy Shuttle is powered by two Rolls-Royce AE3007 A1/3 turbofan engines. Each engine is flat-rated to 7,057 pounds of thrust. Inspection is on-condition. FADEC makes engine startup almost entirely automatic and regulates their performance in-flight for optimal fuel burn and speed. On average, the engines burn 313 gallons of fuel per hour. The cockpit of the Legacy Shuttle is equipped with the Honeywell Primus 1000 avionics suite, which includes dual FMS with GPS, CVR, TAWS, TCAS, a Primus 800 Doppler Turbulence detection weather radar, single-channel CAT II autopilot, a Smiths Industries Integrated Standby Instrument System, and many more pieces of communication and situation-awareness equipment. Information is displayed on five flat-panel Cathode Ray Tubes. Additional equipment can be added as desired. http://www.jetadvisors.com/embraer-legacy-shuttle/

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

22

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Fokker 100
The Fokker 100 offers you the possibility of operating a highly reliable, mature, but young aircraft on short to medium haul routes. Continuous product improvements are made by Fokker Services based on operator experience and any new regulations. The Fokker 100 fleet is relatively young. With a design life of 90,000 flying hours or landings the average age is only around 35,000 flying hours or 30,000 landings. The aircraft offers flexibility from an all-economy 5-abreast 109 seater at 32 in pitch to a very spacious 4-abreast all-business class seating arrangements. Many alternative and mixed-class seating arrangements are possible. Any arrangement offers a revenue potential unequalled by smaller regional jets. The passenger cabin is spacious and offers over 2m standing height in the aisle. The cabin is also very quiet due to the aft fuselage engine position, Tay low noise characteristics and clever noise attenuating features. Innovative LED lighting is an optional cabin feature. The Fokker 100 is equipped with either a forward-opening passenger door or a downward-opening door with integral stairs. Both are jetway compatible. environment The Fokker 100 complies with ICAO Chapter 3/FAA Stage 3 noise regulations with wide margins, enabling it to meet Chapter 4 as well. The Fokker 100 also complies with the CAEP 4 emission level requirements. Modern flight deck The Fokker 100 comes with a glass cockpit equipped with a dual Flight Management System and a fully integrated automatic flight control system which, as standard, has full flight envelope protection and enables Cat IIIA auto land. Cat IIIB with roll-out guidance is also available. Full EU-OPS1 requirements are installed on many Fokker 100s or can be made available as approved Service Bulletins. The Fokker 100 can optionally be equipped with Required Navigation Performance (RNP 0.3) which, coupled to the existing FMC. RNP 0.3 enables shorter routes and optimized approach routings, allowing for shorter approaches and lower decision altitudes. RNP reduces weather-related diversions and yields lower block times and fuel, contributing to the environmental friendliness of the Fokker 100.
http://www.flyfokker.com/Downloads/FS/Brochures%20and%20Leaflets/FLYFokker_Fokker_100_Leaflet_1. pdf

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

23

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Airbus A320
Compared with the original Boeing 737, which was designed in the early 1960s, the A320 has a wider and taller cabin and a slicker wing. It also features digital fly-by-wire controls. Compared with the standard Airbus Corporate Jet (ACJ), which is based on the smaller A319, the executive version of the A320 (called the Prestige) has a 12-foot-longer cabin and holds nearly seven times as much luggage. It can do that because it has a shorter rangeonly 4,300 nautical miles compared with the ACJs 6,000 (four crew, eight passengers). The ACJ gets all that range by stuffing the baggage hold with auxiliary fuel tanks that the A320 doesnt need. An Airbus executive told me that you can buy a new A320 Prestige with a full-up executive cabin for around $85 million, only about $5 million more than youd pay for an ACJ. Of course, most customers spend more having completion centers build in their preferences. Typically, the completion process starts six months before the aircraft arrives, with floor plan and materials selection and related engineering. Once the A320 is in the hangar, it can take another 12 months to finish. With more than 1,030 square feet of cabin floor space, the potential for wretched excess with this airplane is, well, excessive: you can order stand-up showers, gourmet galleys, private offices, theater rooms and just about anything else you care to install. While what you can do to the inside of an A320 cabin is nearly limitless, you do have limits as to where you can take it: this is a big boy. Not all airport ramps can accommodate it nor are all runways long enough. An A320 at maximum takeoff weight tips the scales at 169,800 pounds and needs 6,640 feet of runway to get airborne with a full load and nearly 5,000 feet to stop. Certain U.S. airports (such as those in Sun Valley, Idaho, and Teterboro, N.J.) continue to ban private aircraft that weigh more than 100,000 pounds. Thats the bad news. The good news is that because the A320 is based on a mature airliner, pilots, parts and maintenance technicians for it are plentiful and certain maintenance practices are simpler and more economical than on a typical business jet. Most business jets require that certain parts and major assemblies be inspected and/or replaced at fixed intervals, which are usually defined in terms of flight hours, flight cycles (one takeoff and one landing) or time (months or years). With airliners, more of these parts need not be replaced unless they are wearing or worn out. This type of maintenance is called on condition and a fair amount of it can be done on the A320. Such work is almost essential on an airplane as large as the A320 as most operators do not have backup aircraft. http://www.bjtonline.com/business-jet-news/airbus-a320-0 IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

24

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

( ) The aircraft skidded along the runway and off at its end, coming to a halt with the nose section of the aircraft in the sea, with the main wheels resting on the edge of the embankment leading to the sea. ( ) The aircraft was operating a scheduled passenger flight from Dublin to Sligo. The flight departed Dublin Airport (EIDW) at 16.05 hrs and carried out a Non-Directional Beacon/Distance Measuring Equipment (NDB/DME) approach to Runway (RWY) 11 at Sligo Airport. ( ) The passengers and crew evacuated through the rear portside passenger door, down fire service ladders, and were bussed to the terminal building. There was no aircraft fire or reported injuries. The accident occurred at evening twilight. ( ) The aircraft, according to the pilots and eyewitnesses, carried out a lower and faster approach than normal, due to gusty wind conditions, and touched down further along the runway than normal i.e. almost halfway down the runway.
http://www.smartcockpit.com/safety-ressources/F27-High_Speed_Landing.html

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

25

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

1. Which sentence describes a repeated action (simple present use)? ( ) I dream about the day I learn to fly ( ) Close my eyes ( ) It's alright 2. Which sentence expresses a prediction (future tense use)? ( ) look out and on the ground ( ) One day we'll come crashing down ( ) hope that it's a real smooth flight 3. What can we say about the sentence I look out, we're going down? ( ) Its the present continuous use, expressing an action in progress. ( ) Its the present continuous use, expressing an action in the near future. ( ) Its the future use, expressing an action in the near future. 4. We can understand this sentence I dream about the day I learn to fly as a prediction. So, how could future tense be used? ( ) I will dream about the day I learn to fly ( ) I dream about the day I will learn to fly ( ) I will dream about the day I will learn to fly

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

26

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

777 Flight Crew Operations Manual


http://www.smartcockpit.com/aircraft-ressources/B777-Airplane_General_and_Emergency_Equipment.html

Flight Deck Seats The flight deck has three seat types: pilot seats (captain and first officer) first observer seat second observer seat. The pilot seats: recline adjust vertically adjust forward and aft adjust for thigh support adjust for the lumbar region of the back. The seats also have: adjustable armrests crotch straps inertialreel shoulder harnesses with manual locks lap belts adjustable headrests.

The seats move outboard during the last two inches of aft travel. Electric and manual controls provide forward, aft, and vertical adjustment. Manual levers provide other adjustments. Lumbar and thigh pad support can be adjusted using the adjustment hand wheels. Armrest pitch can be adjusted using the control knob under the armrest. The armrests can be stowed vertically for easier seat access. The headrest can be adjusted vertically by pulling up or pushing down. The headrest angle can be adjusted by moving the cushion to the right and turning it. There are eight positions. Adjust the seat to obtain the optimum eye position as shown on the following illustration.
Pilot Seat Adjustment

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

27

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

No frills, no seats: Ryanair's latest cost-cutting plan


Plans to get rid of seats and introduce pay-toilets by the budget airline will not happen for at least two years, say safety officials. Ryanair passengers enjoy sitting down - for now. Plans by Ryanair to introduce standing room on its aircraft will not happen for at least two years and may never materialize if the airline fails to meet stringent European safety requirements. The budget airline's boss, Michael O'Leary, will talk about his plans to replace 10 rows of seats with a standing area as well as introducing a coin-operated toilet on some planes in an interview on ITV's How to Beat the Budget Airlines tonight. However, safety officials at the European Aviation Safety Agency (Easa), which regulates safety issues on European airlines, said its rules would have to be ripped up and rewritten in order to allow standing room on Ryanair flights. In Easa's certification specifications it states: "A seat (or berth for a non-ambulant person) must be provided for each occupant who has reached his or her second birthday." "This idea [of Ryanair's] is unprecedented and unlikely to be certified in the near future," said a spokesman for Easa. The Civil Aviation Authority, which regulates UK but not Irish airlines, added that Easa's safety requirements were "quite stringent" and include rules on restraint during take-off and landing; restraint during periods of turbulence; the "crashworthiness" of airline seats; the ability of the seating to withstand a certain amount of gravitational force; and evacuation and flammability issues. () Toilet charges would be introduced at the same time as the standing area, as the idea to charge 1 for using the lavatory only came about after the airline started to look at how to introduce standing room. It wants to remove both toilets from the back of the plane as well as a row of seats in order to go ahead with its plans. "This means we'll only have one loo left at the front of the plane and so clearly we need to discourage overuse, hence the charge," he said. () "People are always slow to accept the changes that face the aviation industry, even though it is already almost unrecognizable from 20 to 30 years ago," said a spokesman for the airline. "We have already done away with check-in desks, an idea that two years ago people dismissed as a joke. We absolutely believe that these new proposals are the future." ()
http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2010/jul/01/stand-up-for-ryanair

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

28

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

Airline squeeze: It's not you, 'it's the seat' By Thom Patterson, CNN June 1, 2012 -- Updated 1335 GMT (2135 HKT) (CNN) -- If you're on a flight -- especially a long one -- a coach class seat can be a chair of torture. It doesn't take much these days to ruin a perfectly good airplane ride, CNN.com readers have made clear. It's a real buzzkill to try to walk down the aisle "with a bag on your shoulder, hitting everyone as you pass by," suggests user "Cajuncatdude." () Two experts with inside knowledge of the airline seat industry-- a vice president at a seat manufacturer and a nationally recognized expert in the study of body measurements -- recently talked frankly about some of the reasons behind the anger and discomfort. Are the seats getting smaller? Closer together? Are passengers getting bigger? Are we getting angrier? Well, no. Yes. Yes. And it's unclear. Americans are getting bigger, says Kathleen Robinette, who's studied human body measurements for the U.S. Air Force for three decades. But in general, the problem's "not you -- it's the seat," she says with a chuckle. Since Robinette's first airline seat study for NASA and the FAA in 1978, she has a different perspective when she boards an airliner. "I always see all kinds of arms hanging out into the aisles. That means the seats are too narrow, and there's nowhere for the shoulders and arms to go except into the aisle because there's not enough room in the seat." When "you keep getting your arm whacked by the cart as it comes down the aisle," don't feel guilty, she says. It happens to everybody. "And it's because of the seats." () Airplane seating has come a long way since 1925, when German airline seats looked like this.
IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

29

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

() In 1962, the U.S. government measured the width of the American backside in the seated position. It averaged 14 inches for men and 14.4 inches for women. Forty years later, an Air Force study directed by Robinette showed male and female butts had blown up on average to more than 15 inches. "The seat is a revenue generator," Luedeke says. "Normally if you look at a 737 or A320 there are three seats on each side. If you wanted maximum comfort you could do two on each side -- and make the seats a lot wider. But with the reduced head count the operational costs don't work out." () Current standard coach seat widths range from 17 to 19 inches between the armrests, says Luedeke, and that little piece of real estate is known in the industry as "living space." The term seems appropriate for some non-stop transoceanic flights that will have you inhabiting your "living space" for up to 18 hours. "I look at it like, I've leased this space for the next three hours -- or however long the flight is," Jeff Luedeke, TIMCO Aerosystems, says. At a recent industry convention in Hamburg, Germany, TIMCO asked volunteers to test seats. The testers didn't know it, but some seats had cushions and some did not. Many of the testers laughed when they found out later that their seats had no cushions. Even funnier: Some passengers said the seats without cushions were more comfortable. () In general, coach seats haven't narrowed over the years, Luedeke says. "I believe it's more of a perception caused by seat pitches getting tighter." () Over the past few years carriers have been moving toward a standard of charging more for seats with extra legroom. These include seats in the forward coach cabins and emergency aisles that used to cost the same as other economy class seats. Also, some airlines have reconfigured seats to add a bit more legroom in certain aisles, for a price.

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

30

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

TEMA 6
Landing Gear and Linking Words
http://www.smartcockpit.com/aircraft-ressources/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-10-40Landing_Gear.html

1. Get some words with your classmates and write them in the box.

2. Now use the words to complete the following nominal groups. a. Tricycle _______________ gear j. Center gear alternate _____________ b. Four-wheel __________ handle c. Dual-wheel center gear k. Truck beams d. Main gear wheel-well ___________ l. Gear ________ e. _______ gear m. Nose gear steering ____________ f. Multi-disk wheel ___________ n. Aural warning _______ g. Anti-________ control system o. Toe ________ h. Hydraulic system pressure ______ p. Overhead _______ i. Mechanically ______________ 3. Read the following newspaper article.

Cancellations add to Brazil's airport chaos; damaged cargo plane blocking busy airport runway
By The Associated Press | Associated Press Mon, Oct 15, 2012

SAO PAULO - The lone runway at a busy Brazil airport was blocked by a damaged cargo plane Monday, _____________ forcing cancellation of 450 flights and creating a ripple effect of delays across the nation. A plane from US-based Centurion Cargo blew a tire upon landing at the Campinas airport late Saturday. _______________ special equipment is needed to move the massive jet off the runway at Brazil's 9th-busiest airport. Adding to the mess is the check-in system at Tam Airlines, _________ Brazil's biggest. It was down for hours Monday morning, ____________ causing more delays. Brazil's airports are under scrutiny as the nation prepares to host the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics. ______________ the nation has promised to make quick advances in airport capacity and efficiency.
http://news.yahoo.com/cancellations-add-brazils-airport-chaos-damaged-cargo-plane-184312900.html

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

31

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

1. Work in pairs. Write down 3 questions about the text (in English). Oral Practice: ask your questions to another group of students and check their answers, then, answer their questions. 2. Analyze the highlighted words. What kind of function do they have? CONTRAST RESULT ADDITION/LISTING TIME EXEMPLIFICATION EXPLANATION EMPHASIS REFORMULATION - CORRECTION 3. Now, try to insert some connectors into the text. Fill in the provided gaps.

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

32

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

33

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

34

Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Manuteno de Aeronaves Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2) Profa.: Daniela Terenzi (daniela.ufscar@gmail.com)

IFSP Campus So Carlos Curso TMA / Disciplina: Ingls Instrumental 2 (IGTA-2)

35

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi