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10th Class Exam Oriented Bit Bank - English - I

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
[Each question carries 2 marks.] PROSE The Night at the Hotel 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Why did the night receptionist regretfully shrug his shoulders? How did the stranger help Schwamm solve his problem? What was Schwamm's reason for coming into the town? Why was he unable to achieve his purpose? In what way was his purpose achieved? Why do you think Schwamm was apprehensive and cheerful at the same time when he explained the reason for his coming into the town? In Celebration of Being Alive 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

What was the accident that Dr. Barnard had? What happened to him and his wife? What were the views of Dr. Barnard's father on suffering? Does Dr. Barnard agree with his views? What had made Dr. Barnard sensitive to the suffering of children? Why does Dr. Barnard find the suffering of children particularly heart breaking? What lesson did Dr. Barnard learn from the children who took part in Grand Prix? Who were the 'driver' and the mechanic' in the 'Grand Prix' at the Cape Town Red Cross Children's Hospital? In what way was the choice of roles suitable? Circus Cat, Alley Cat "Then she married the boy who led the cats." What kind of a man was he? How did she feel? What did she do? What made Anna give up the circus cat and become a nanny? In what state was Anna, when Mrs. Bates found her? Mrs. Bates did two things for Anna. What were they? Describe some of the major changes in the children with the coming of Anna? Explain the significance of the title, "Circus Cat, Alley Cat" Which role suits Anna better, that of the Circus Cat or of the Alley Cat?

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1. What is unique about Mother Teresa? 2. What was the call from 'Jesus Christ' had Mother Teresa received? In what circumstances did she receive this call? How did Mother Teresa prepare herself to work for the poor? 3. What are the four vows taken by the Missiona-ries of Charity? What is the significance of the special vow that they take? 4. What reason does Mother Teresa give for her special interest in the dying? How did it start? 5. What does Mother Teresa think, is the worst disease that any human being can ever experience? What does she think, is the only cure for this disease? 6. How did Mother Teresa make the defence of the manager of the biscuit factory crumble? 7. How do nuns treat the "terrible disease" that can never be cured?

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1. 2. 3. 4.

Why did the witnesses not forget the murderer? What was his most unforgettable feature? What made Mrs. Salmon the ideal witness? Who were influenced by her qualities? What line did the defence counsel take in cross examining Mrs. Salmon? How far was the narrator right? Why was Adams acquitted? Why was his twin brother not convicted. Do you agree with the verdict? Why (not)? What is the Divine Vengeance mentioned at the end of the story? 5. "That extraordinary day had an extraordinary end." Why? What happened at the end of the day? In what way was the end extraordinary?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

'Rex was tremendous fighter -------. But he was different from other dogs in several ways. What were they? How did Rex's fight with the neighbourhood dog end? Do you think Rex had a gentle disposition? What makes you think so? What was Rex's philosophy about chasing things? Why were not wagons a part of his world? Why did Rex bring home a chest of drawers? What did the author and his brothers do with it? Why did they throw it out miles away? Why would Rex have brought it back? Fire in the forest

1. What did the Forest Department people do to halt the fire?

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Mother Teresa

The case for the defence

Snapshot of a dog

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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2. 3. 4. 5. Why was the deer lying away from the herd? Why had she chosen that spot? How did she feel at that time? What happened soon afterwards? "She was at peace with the world, happy and successful" Why was the deer at peace with the world? What shattered that peace? What were the thoughts and feeling of the mother deer before she became aware of the danger? When did the deer first meet the tiger? Why did the tiger not attack her? What did the tiger prepare to do later? How did the deer face him? What saved her and her baby? Vinoba - A Portrait Sketch 1. How did Vinoba appeal to the land lords? Did he appeal for charity or for a rightful share? "Give my share". Who was Vinoba representing? 2. "Vinoba has reversed this process". What is the process the author is talking about? How had Vinoba reversed it? 3. "His approach is the same to all men whatever the creed or condition", says the author about Vinoba Bhave. What was Vinoba's approach to all men? 4. Why was Vinoba not worried about the result of his work? 5. "Like a candle, lit at a neighbouring flame, he now burns with a steady and separate light." Who is the flame? Who is the candle? Do you think the comparison is appropriate? If so, in what ways? 6. Why did Westerners find Vinoba less approachable than Gandhiji? 7. "Vinoba message was not limited to the country in which it was uttered." In what way does the author think Vinoba's message is relevant to the rest of the modern world? The Beautiful white horse 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

How did Aram justify his cousin's way of getting hold of a horse? "How long ago did you steal this horse?" asks Aram. How did Aram realise that Mourad had stolen the horse some time ago? "A suspicious man could believe his eyes instead of his heart". What did the farmer John Byro's eyes tell him? Why did he not suspect the boys? What was the family famous for? Three qualities of the family are mentioned in this section. What are they? What sort of a man was John Byro?

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1. Why does it take much time to kill a tree? 2. Where does the strength of the tree lie? Why is it referred to as the 'source'? Why is the 'source' the most sensitive? What is the secret source of the tree's strength? 3. 'It has grown slowly'. Explain? 4. The bark of the tree is described as 'leprous hide'. What grows from it? What is ironic about leprous bark? The Gallows

1. Why did the keeper shoot the weasel? Why did he hang him up? 2. Why are the birds said to have endless leisure? Is the poet being ironical? Why? 3. What kind of a bird was the magpie? (What does 'a long tongue' do? What does 'a long tail' show?) Did his ability to talk and his beauty save him? The Snake 1. What did the voice of education ask the poet to do? What is the argument for killing a golden snake? Do you think the distinction is rational? 2. What are the four different feelings that the poet had towards the snake? Which was the strongest? 3. Where did the snake crawl into? What are the words used to describe the hole? How did the poet feel when the snake went back into the hole? Why? 4. Why did the poet think of the albatross? 5. How did the poet feel as soon as he threw a log at the snake? He uses three words to describe his act. What are they? The poet despises two things. What are they?

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1. 2. 3. 4.

"Many eminent historians have done more harm than good", says Russell. Why did this happen? What example does Russell give? Why is it that we cannot help the "egoism of the senses". What else is egoistic? What does the author say is wrong with the customary moral instruction? What should moral instruction aim at? What is the author's concept of a citizen? What is the difference between a citizen of the world and 'a citizen of a nation'. Do you think one can be both at the same time? 5. What does the author say an increase in knowledge results in? Why does he think an increase in 'wisdom' is necessary? 6. In what way did the war conducted by Lincoln differ from other wars? Do you think a war can be fought without departing from wisdom?

POETRY On killing a tree

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Knowledge and wisdom

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Upagupta 1. What did the dancing girl ask the ascetic to do? Why do you think he declined her invitation? What did he promise her? 2. Two kinds of lives are depicted in the poem Upagupta. What are they? I'll get one tomorrow 1. Why did the poet finally decide to visit the barber? 2. Why does the poet say he is 'shy and flustered'? Why does he describe himself as 'solitary' and 'cowardly'? Why does he compare himself to an Angora? 3. What kind of haircut does the poet want? What will he look like after the haircut? VOCABULARY Choose the correct meaning of the words given. 1. Instinctively: as a matter of habit in a thoughtful mood without any previous planning suddenly 2. Grope: by guessing by searching by feeling with hands by looking 3. Apprehensive: angry excited worried grateful 4. Bewildered: amused confused agitated frightened 5. Gloomy: angry irritable doubtful sad 6. Agony: suffering poverty old age disease 7. Scorch: to heat to burn to cool to kill. 8. Decree: put off judgment command or decide decrease 9. Gibbering: making meaningful sounds making noise crying loudly fast meaningless utterances 10. Staid: exciting dull and unexciting steady stayed in one place only 11. Gnaw: bite steadily scold beat heavily like much 12. Elucidate: explain, make clear bring up to date expand exclude 13. Expansive: unwilling to talk unreserved making larger spending more money 14. Assiduously: continuously in a grand way in a haphazard manner with careful and constant attention 15. Verdict: a kind of font change order judgement 16. Tranquil:

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[ mark each]

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joyful exciting peaceful balanced Extravagant: much more beyond what is reasonable unreasonable useless Disposition: wrong position the act of doing away with general tendency of character a peculiar way of thinking Let down: to place something down drop disappoint lower Pry: get open cook in boiling fat not dry look seriously at Smart: bright cause sharp pain active clever Wrench: a wicked person causing injury pull violently mean person Huddle: crowd together an upright frame to be jumped throw out as useless arranged in order Tepid: having fear cold boiling lukewarm Frayed: ragged feared felt happy decorated Obscure: not known not seen not heard not observed Susceptibilities: prone to diseases suspicious sensitive aspect of a person's nature conditions to suspend. Fleeced: wooly growth cut off the hair stripped of money boycotted Serenity: simplicity calmness severity adversity Distort: sorting in a wrong order starting in a bad way give a false account of twist out of true meaning Exhort: use up completely explain fully urge strongly encourage Fanatical: wild and strong crazy excessively enthusiastic praise worthy Augment: discussion summary increase supplement Lunatics: a kind of mopeds agitators mad men great man

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ANSWERS

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1. without any previous planning; 2. by feeling with hands; 3. worried; 4. confused; 5. sad; 6. suffering; 7. to burn; 8 command or decide; 9. fast meaningless utterances; 10. dull and unexciting; 11. bite steadily; 12. explain; make clear; 13. unreserved; 14. with careful and constant attention; 15. judgement; 16. peaceful; 17. unreasonable; 18. general tendency of character; 19. disappoint; 20. get open; 21. cause sharp pain; 22. pull violently; 23. crowd together; 24. lukewarm; 25. ragged; 26. not known; 27. sensitive aspect of a person's nature; 28. stripped of money; 29. calmness; 30. twist out of true meaning; 31. urge strongly; 32. excessively enthusiastic; 33. increase; 34. mad men.

Select the option that conveys the meanings of the underlined word in the sentence: 1. My friends and I volunteered our services in a Public Health camp. a) promised b) donated c) offered willingly 2. Bolu's words are not clear. He seems to be in a daze. a) unable to think clearly b) unable to hear clearly c) unable to talk clearly 3. Today morning I ran into an old friend in the temple. a) met accidentally b) recognized c) recollected 4. It is a tumour but thank God it is not malignant. a) internal b) fatal c) fatty 5. On the occasion of the party meeting many private buses were commandeered to mobilize public from the village. a) seized for public use b) seized for checking c) seized because illegal 6. The pain in my neck has stemmed from an accident,I had five years ago. a) be the result of something b) grown c) generated 7. This down fall is the result of vengeance between the two parties. a) cowardice b) poison c) revenge 8. I stuck my head out of the door. a) pushed b) extended c) projected 9. He has taken advantage of my helpless situation. a) projected b) exploited c) utilized 10. He is an amateur painter. a) taking part in something for the love of it b) taking part in something for money c) professional 11. He failed thrice, undeterred he tried again. a) desperately b) anxiously c) not discouraged 12. His tenacious efforts have brought him success. a) sincere b) continuous c) stubborn and unyielding 13. He has some vicious motive in helping you. a) evil b) hidden c) generous 14. I could not figure out his intention in helping me. a) understand clearly b) draw a figure of c) work with figures 15. Her integrity has won many friends and followers. a) firmness b) firmness of behaviour c) firmness of character 16. The soul taken birth again and again and works towards salvation. a) a solution for a problem b) to help other c) freedom from bondage of life and death 17. Subtle comedy is more entertaining than indecent dialogues. a) difficult to hear b) difficult to understand c) invisible. 18. Ignited minds work with greater fervour and accomplish a task a) heat b) strong feelings c) speed 19. The sight of my cousin conjures up the memories of my lost aunt. a) cause to be remembered b) resembles c) suppresses 20. On hearing my words, my friend chortled. a) got angry b) express sadness

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c) gave a loud laugh of pleasure 21. The thief shuddered at the thought of being caught by the policeman. a) cried aloud b) got angry c) trembled with fear 22. Every morning I see my cat prowl at the kitchen. a) move quietly b) run about c) look through 23. My elder brother was installed as the General Manager. a) appointed b) promoted c) demoted 24. Mary left the convent, being unable to adjust herself to the cloistered life. a) shut away from the world b) very strict c) very simple 25. She believed that all the help she received was divine providence. a) fate b) grace c) God's care for his creations 26. The western part of our town is sparsely populated. a) very densely b) thinly c) richly 27. Excessive drinking is incompatible with good health: a) not capable of being compared b) unable to exist in harmony with c) without equal 28. Your statement bears out what I have said. a) carries out b) contradicts c) admits 29. It is customary to propose vote of thanks to the guests. a) usual b) out of fashion c) difficult 30. She flicked her ears to throw of flies. a) waved suddenly b) touched with tongue c) opened widely 31. Mother deer sprang and tobogganed down with her fawn. a) stagnated b) stretched c) slid down a slope ANSWERS

1. c; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a; 6. b; 7.c; 8. c; 9. b; 10. a; 11. c; 12. c; 13. a; 14. a; 15. c; 16. c; 17. b; 18. b; 19. a; 20. c; 21. c; 22. a; 23. a; 24. a; 25. c; 26. b; 27. b; 28. b; 29. a; 30. c; 31. c.

SET- 2 1. Continual - Frequent 2. Continued - To go on or keep on. To carry on from the point of suspension or interruption. 3. Continuous - Unceasing; being in immediate connection; uninterrupted in time.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

SET - 3 Apparel - Clothes, especially of a fine sort. Attire - Dress, Clothes (Literature or poetry) Clothes - Things to wear on the body. Costume - Clothes typical of a certain period, country or profession, especially worn on the stage. Outfit - All the things, especially clothes, needed for a particular purpose. Dress - Clothing worn on special occasions. Garb - Clothes, especially unusual clothes or those worn by a particular type of person. Garment - An article of clothing that is ready for sale. Uniform - Type of clothing that all members of a group wear.

1. 2. 3. 4.

CONTEXTUAL WORDS SET - 1 Accident - An unintentional or unexpected happening that is undesirable or unfortunate. Accidence - The part of grammar that deals with the variable parts of words. Coincidence - An event or two or more events at one time happening apparently by mere chance. Incidence - Rate of occurrence or action.

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SET - 4 1. Beneficial - advantageous or helpful 2. Beneficent - doing good or causing good to be done 3. Beneficiary - person who receives benefits or profits SET - 5 1. Intelligent - Having or flowing good intelligence clever 2. Intellectual - Requiring or using good intellect; having highly developed intellect. 3. Intelligible - Able to be understood. SET - 6 1. Comprehensive - Complete, Including, nearly all 2. Comprehensible - That can be understood 3. Apprehensive - Uneasy; worried SET- 7 Shivering - Tremble with cold etc., Trembling - Shake involuntarily with emotions, fear, anger etc. Quivering - Tremble or vibrate with slight rapid motion usually with pain. Fluctuating - Vary, rise and fall. Shaking - Move violently or quickly up and down voluntarily SET- 8 1. 2. 3. 4. Lonely - Without companions; sad because of this. Alone - Without company or help. Lone - Solitary; isolated. Solitary - Living or being alone,; single

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1. beneficient; 2. costume; 3. heartening; 4.imaginary; 5. discharged. SPELLINGS

Few Spelling Rules 1. Doubling a consonant before a suffix As you know, a e i o u are Vowels and the rest of the letters are consonants. Suffixes are -ing, -ed, -er,-ly etc are added to words to change their grammatical category. a) The final consonant is doubled when a suffix beginning with a vowel is added to words of one syllable which have one vowel and which end in a single consonant (other than w, x and y) sit + ing = sitting but feel + ing= feeling (two vowels) fit + ed= fitted help+ed= helped (two consonants) thin+er= thinner save+er= saver (ending in a vowel) If the word ends in w, x or y, the final consonant is not doubled, when a suffix is added to the word. flow +ed =flowed tax+ing=taxing play+ er=player

As you know words with the same pronunciation are not always spelt alike. Eg flower and flour. Similarly, words ending in the same sound(s) are not always spelt in the same way. E.g. major and teacher.

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Practice Choose the best alternative that fits in the blank in each sentence. 1. The opposition dose not appreciate the ____ act of the Government. (beneficient, beneficial, beneficiary) 2. For the fancy-dress competition, my friend appeared in a 17th century____ (costume, uniform, garment) 3. It is_____ to see a small child suffering on a hospital bed. (heartily, heartening, heartburn) 4. All the characters in this novel are ____. (imaginable, imaginary, imaginative) 5. As the patient has recovered from his illness, he was ____ from the hospital. (released , discharged, set free)

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( mark each)

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2. Omitting the final e before a suffix a) When a suffix beginning with a vowel is added to a word that end in an e following a consonant, the final e is dropped. drive+ing =driving love+ able= lovable But the word 'age' does not drop its final e when ing is added age+ing=ageing b) when a suffix is added to words ending in ee, the final e is not dropped. agree+ ing =agreeing agree+ ment= agreement IMPORTANT SPELLINGS LESSON 1: desperate, separate, auditor, volunteer, auctioneer, millionaire, assistant LESSON 2: prevalent, surgeon, tumour, tremor, machinery LESSON 3: endeavour, performance, ambitious, mystery LESSON 4: dormitory, possession, providence, missionary, accommodation, assiduously LESSON 5: evidence, extraordinary, hammer, entrance LESSON 6: venomous, brutal, extravagant, battalion LESSON 7: cigarette, successful, achievement LESSON 8: recipients, subtle, paralyse, stationery, stationary, dysentery, assassinated LESSON 9: descendant, offered, preferred, referred, suffered LESSON10: appalling,correlative Practice Find the wrongly spelt word in each set and write it correctly. 1. driveing ageing argument arrangement 2. prevalant transparent permanent prevent 3. precious ambicious conscious cautious 4. volunteer engineer mountaineer financeer

1. driving; 2. prevalent; 3. ambitious; 4. financier.

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PHONOLOGY

ANSWERS

Phonology is the study of sounds in a language. One must learn to spell the phonetic symbols correctly to obtain a mastery over the subject. RULES: 1) 'gn' is pronounced 'n' [g is silent] at the beginning and end of a word. Eg: gnaw, gnash, sigh, foreign 2) 'kn' is pronounce 'n' at the beginning of a word. Eg: know, knife, knight, kneed, knit 3) 'sten' is pronounced "sn" and 'stle' is pronounced "si" at the end of a word Eg: fasten, hasten, listen, whistle, castle, wrestle 4) 'wh' is pronounce 'h' when followed 'o' but (and 'wh' is pronounced) 'w' in other cases Eg: whole, who, whose, what, where, why, whim 5) '-er' '-re' are pronounced at the end of a word Eg: clipper, clever, centre, metre 6) 'r' becomes silent when it is followed by a consonant and is pronounced when it is followed by a vowel Eg: earth, girl, word, worst Spirit, red, drive, frighten. 7). Pn, Pt, Ps are pronounced 'n', t, s' respectively at the beginning of a word. Eg: Pneumonia, pneumatic, Ptomaine, ptarmigan, Psychology, Psyche 8). 'd' is silent in the following words. Handkerchief Sandwich Wednesday. 'b' is silent in - debt, indebted, doubt 't' is silent in debut, buffet.

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Practice In each of the following group of words, find the word in which the underlined part is pronounced in the same way as in the key word. 1. extravagant: detergent elegant urgent giant 2. tranquil: queen bequeath quill 3. tenacious: precious cautious substantiate 4. eventually: tune tumour opportunity 5. turn: rude mourn learn 6. consent: malice, measure, raise, wisdom 7. music: listen, treasure, seizure, amazing ANSWERS 1. elegant; 2. quill; 3. cautious; 4. opportunity; 5. learn; 6. malice; 7. amazing

In each set find the word that rhymes with the key word. 1. trot: brought bright night 2. hold: told bald called 3. adore: poor sure tore 4. third: hired afford heard 5. learn: barn, turn, fine, none 6. loan: torn, corn, bone, own 7. blind: leaned, gained, signed, ground 8. harm: norm, storm, firm, calm ANSWERS 1. brought; 2. told; 3. tore; 4. heard; 5. turn; 6. bone; 7. signed; 8. calm.

PUNCTUATION

1. Comma: Use a comma a) to separate two or more words of the same parts of speech (not connected by 'and') b) After and before parenthesis. c) Before and after a participle phrase. d) After nominative of address. e) To mark off a direct quotation from the rest. f) To separate a noun clause used as subject or object preceding a verb. 2. At the end of a sentence, use a) a fullstop if the sentence is either a statement or imperative. b) a question mark if it is a question. c) a wonder mark if it is an exclamatory sentence. 3. The colon is used a) to introduce a question, like: Shakespeare said: All the world is a stage and .. b) between contrasted sentences when 'but' is not used. 4. Capital letters are used: a) at the beginning of every sentences. b) at the beginning of every line of poetry. c) for the pronoun 'I', interjection 'O' to begin noun or pronoun indicating God. d) At the beginning of direct speech. e) For degrees and titles. Practice Read the following passages. The end of each sentence is not indicated. Decide where each sentence ends and write the last word followed by [.] or [?] or [ ]: 1. She speaks with an Indian lilt in her voice like convent-bred Indians she often ends her sentence with an interrogatory no meaning isn't that so her answers are very brief. 2. Mother Teresa, whence this special interest in the dying I asked her it is a vocation a call nobody wants the dying, the sick, no ANSWERS 1. voice [.] no [?] so [?] brief [.] 2. dying [?] her [.] call [.] no [?]

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Use commas, full stops, exclamation, question marks, quotation marks where necessary and rewrite the sentence. 1. Are we leaving right away the little girl asked why is there something you have forgotten asked her mother No I was just wondering if we could leave an hour later said the girl 2. What was your name before you became a nun it is not important i was subhashini das i was the first to join the mother ANSWERS 1. "Are we leaving right away," the little girl asked. "Why? Is there something you have forgotten?" asked her mother. "No, I was just wondering if we could leave an hour later," said the girl. 2. "What was your name before you became a nun?" "It is not important. I was Subhasini Das. I was the first to join the Mother

TANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES CONDITIONALS:

Practice Read sentence (a), then complete sentence (b) using the ideas in (a). keep sentence (b) as close in meaning as possible to sentence (a). [5 marks] 1 a) I don't have time. So I cannot accept the job. b) If __________________________ 2 a) She did not carry her driving license. She had to pay a fine. b) If __________________________ 3 a) Unless you work hard. You can't pass the exam. b) If __________________________

1. If I had time, I would accept the job. 2. If she had carried her driving license, she would not have paid a fine. 3. If you work hard, you can pass.

ANSWERS

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Rule 1. If the reporting verb is in simple present or future tense , then the tense of the reported speech does not change. E.g He says. "She is unwell." He says that she is unwell. She will say, "I am going." She will say that she is going. Note: The tense of the Universal facts also remains unchanged. E.g The teacher said, "The earth revolves round the sun." The teacher said that the earth revolves round the sun Rule 2. If the reporting verb is in past tense, the tense of the reported speech verb is changed as follows. Simple Present ------Simple Past

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A conditionl sentence has two clauses. 1. main clause 2. if clause Eg: If it rains the match will be cancelled (If clause) (main clause) Conditionals are mainly of three kinds: 1 Open Condition: In this type, the condition mentioned may or may not take place. Here the if clause must be in simple present tense. The main clause will be - will /can / shall / may +v Eg: It may rain. They will cancel the match. If it rains they will cancel the match 2. Unreal Condition: In this type, the condition mentioned is unreal (improbable it is unlikely to take place. Here if clause must be in Simple past tense (plural). The main clause is- would/could/should+v Eg: 1. It will not rain. They will not cancel the match. If it rained they would cancel the match. 2. I do not have time. I can't accept this job. If I had time, I could accept this job 3. Unfulfilled Condition: In this type the condition mentioned is an unfulfilled action. It speaks of the past. Here the if clause must be past perfect tense. The main clause must be-would/could/ should + have + V3, Eg: He was careless. So, he met with an accident. If he had not been careless he would not have met with an accident.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

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Present continuous ------Present Perfect ------Present perfect continuous ------Simple Past ------Past continuous ------- Past perfect continuous (Past perfect and past perfect continuous remain unchanged) E.g 1. He said, " I am unwell." He said that he was unwell. 2. He said, "Arun is working hard." He said that Arun was working hard. Practice 1. He said, "It has been raining since morning." 2. Kiran said, "Lata had gone home." 3. The master said to the servant, "Go away." 4. He said to me, "Who are you?" ANSWERS Past continuous Past perfect Past perfect continuous Past perfect

1. He said that it had been raining since morning; 2. Kiran said that Lata had gone home; 3. The master ordered the servant to go away; 4. He asked me who I was.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

ANSWERS

Read sentence (a), then complete sentence (b) using the ideas in (a). Keep sentence (b) as close in meaning as possible to sentence (a). 1. a) They got in because you didn't lock the door properly. b) If you __________________________. 2. a) "Didn't we discuss this yesterday? asked the teacher. b) The teacher asked ________________. 3. a) There is a man standing at the end of the street. He has been given the best teacher award. b) The man _______________________. 4. a) They are repairing the engine. b) The engine _____________________. 5. a) He is poor. He is honest. b) Though_________________________.

ANSWERS 1. If you had locked the door properly, they would not have got in. 2. The teacher asked if they had not discussed that the previous day. 3. The man who is standing at the end of the street has been given the best teacher award. 4. The engine is being repaired by them. 5. Though he is poor, he is honest.

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1. The man who is standing at the gate is my uncle; 2. We saw a beggar whose leg was broken; 3. I heard a song which pleased me.

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Practice 1. There is a man standing at the gate. He is my uncle. 2. We saw a beggar. His leg was broken. 3. I heard a song. It pleased me.

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The pronouns 'who, whom, whose, which ,that etc' join two sentences refer back to nouns going before them. The noun to which a Relative Pronoun refers or relates is called its 'antecedent' . Who used for persons only Whose used when speaking of persons. Which used for animals and non living things. That used for persons and things.

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PARTS OF SPEECH i) Nouns - names of persons, places, actions, ideas etc. ii) Pronouns - words that can be used in place of nouns. iii) Verbs - words that denote doing, being or having. iv) Adjectives - words describing nouns, pronouns v) Adverbs - words which modify verbs, adjectives or other words. vi) Prepositions - words placed before a noun or a pronoun to show in what relation those stand with other words. vii) Conjunction - words used to join two words, phrases or clauses. viii) Interjections - words expressing sudden feelings. Practice: Identify the Parts of Speech of the underlined words and write the words and its part of speech. 1. Nathu's wife looked at him questioningly. She could see slight embarrassment on his face. 2. I handed the list to the king, who read it and asked to see my sword. ANSWERS 1. verb adverb adjective noun; 2. noun pronoun verb adjective

CORRECTION OF SENTENCES

1. Verbs like avoid, stop, remember, enjoy, risk, mind, see, hear are followed by a gerund (ing from) Eg: You must avoid to meet her. ( ) You must avoid meeting her. () 2. "Be able to / able to" are not used with can/ could Eg: I can able to do it () I can do it () I am able to do it () 3. The verb ' RETURN' is not followed by ' back' & 'repeat' is not followed by ' again' Eg: Please return back the money and don't repeat it again () Please return the money and don't repeat it () 4. Remember the pattern of a direct question (WH) + HV + SUBJECT + MV ? Eg: Why you went out without my permission? () Why did you go out without my permission? () Note: But when a main clause precedes a question, the question is changed a statement from Eg Please show me where is Aditya public school? () Please show me where Aditya public school is. () 5. Verbs like understand, know, remember, forget, think, prefer, want, hear, smell, taste, see, like, dislike, hate, love, seem, become, mind etc. are not used in continuous tenses. Eg: I am forgetting your telephone number. () I forget your telephone number. () 6. Nouns like news, innings, measles, rickets, mumps, classics, economics, politics etc are singular Eg: The news are interesting () The news is interesting () Practice: Rewrite the following sentence after necessary corrections 1. Why you are preferring the radio than T.V? 2. Economics are my favourite subject 3. I love the poetries of Wordsworth ANSWERS 1. Why do you prefer the radio to T.V? 2. Economics is my favourite subject 3. I love the poetry of Wordsworth

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Rewrite the following passage making the improvements you think necessary.(2 marks) Use pronouns and conjunctions to make improvements in the passage. Practice: Sunitha sat down to work.Sunitha began to study Latin.Sunitha began to study Latin grammar . Sunitha studied out of a book. The book was dog-

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MAKING NECESSARY IMPROVEMENTS

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eared. ANSWERS Sunitha sat down to work and began to study Latin grammar out of a dog-eared book

GENERAL COMPREHENSION PASSAGES Read the following passage and answer the questions given under it.(5 marks) Every day at 6am K.L. Viswanathan,71, steps out of his small flat in a rundown building in Mumbai and walks to a nearby bookstall, for doing odd jobs at the stall. Viswanathan is permitted by its owner to scan a number of newspapers and magazines. Viswanathan is a careful reader; but not of the articles. What he is interested in is appeals from sick people who can't afford to pay for their treatment. For Viswanathan's mission in life is to raise money for such patients. In the last 13 years, Viswanathan has helped raise over Rs. 14 lakhs for treating around 150 patients all over India- a remarkable achievement for a man who is not well-connected and does not have much money himself. The sums raised have varied from a few hundred rupees, in the case of a man in Andhra Pradesh who needed spine surgery to nearly Rs. 1.1 lakhs for a Calcutta girl whose kidneys had failed. Twice, he even persuaded AirIndia to provide free tickets to patients who had to travel abroad for treatment. Viswanathan's fund-raising technique is as simple as the man himself. He first writes to the patient asking for a doctor's statement authenticating the case and estimating the cost of the treatment. He then sends the patient a list of around 150 charitable organizations ranging from the Prime Minister's Relief Fund to Rotary Clubs who are likely to help. Occasionally, if he feels the case is especially deserving, he writes to the organizations himself. 1. Why does Viswanathan go to the bookstall every day? 2. What does Viswanathan want to achieve in life? 3. Viswanathan has helped raise Rs. 14 lakhs for treating patients all over India. Why does the writer consider this a remarkable achievement? 4. What is Viswanathan's technique in raising funds? 5. What extra thing does he do in deserving cases? ANSWERS

Now read the following statements and find six of them which are in agreement with the passage.[6=3]. Write only the letters of the TRUE statements. a. People who eat apples frequently will not get cancer. b. Flavonoids remove the cholesterol that pectin cannot. c. If you peel apples thickly you will lose most of the pectin. d. Flavonoids are a type of chemical found in plants. e. Flavonoids provide us with fibre, vitamins and minerals. f. People with high blood pressure should eat plenty of fruits. g. People with high blood pressure should eat less sodium and more potassium. h. The fibre found in fruit dissolves in the body. i. High cholesterol can cause blood pressure. j. Pectin and flavonoids present in apples give them their disease.

Read the following passage Human beings have a much poorer sense of smell than animals which hunt their prey or have to be constantly on the look out for enemies. If the wind is the right direction, a deer can smell a person 800 meters (half a mile) away. A dog can follow the faint scent left by a rabbit in its tracks or detect

ANSWERS c; d; f; g; i; j.

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Read the following passage. People who eat apples frequently are less likely to have heart attacks or strokes or to develop any of several kinds of cancer. The apple's pectin, a soluble fibre found just beneath the skin, can take some of the credit because it helps regulate cholesterol. The rest goes to plant chemicals called flavonoids. Fruits are also good sources of flavonoids , as well as fibre and vitamins and minerals. Eating plenty of fruits is associated with a lower risk of heart diseases, high blood pressure and several cancers. Fibre is another pulse that fruits provide. In most fruits, some of the fibre is soluble, which lowers blood cholesterol and help prevents heart diseases. Moreover, most fruits are also low in sodium, high in potassium, a combination that lowers the risk of high blood pressure.

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1. Viswanathan goes to the nearby bookstall everyday for doing odd jobs there. 2. Viswanathan wants to raise money for sick people who cannot afford to pay for their treatment. 3. Viswanathan is not well-connected, nor does he have much money himself. Yet he has helped raise over Rs.15 Lakhs for sick people all over India. The writer considers this a remarkable achievement. 4. Viswanathan first writes to the patient asking for doctor's statement authenticating the case and estimating the cost of treatment. He then sends the patient a list of about 150 charitable organizations ranging from the Prime Minister's Relief fund to Rotary Clubs who are likely to help. 5. If he feels the case is especially deserving, he writes to the organizations himself.

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the smell of crushed grass where the rabbit has passed over it. Not only is the human sense of smell poor, but it also gets used to odours easily. If a person sniffs at a weak smell for a few minutes, he is soon unable to smell it at all. Now complete the following statements. In each case, write down the letter of your choice in the space provided.{ 1 } 1] According to the passage a) animals have a better sense of smell than human beings. b) human beings can smell strong odours better than animals. c) a deer has a better sense of smell than dogs. 2] Human beings have a much poorer sense of smell than a) animals such as the dog and the deer. b) animals which hunt their prey. c) animals which are generally found in forests. 3] In addition to being poor, the human sense of smell a) cannot detect weak smells. b) gets used to odours easily. c) is not well developed. ANSWERS 1. A 2. B 3.C

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PAPER - II
SECTION - I SUPPLEMENTARY l BASKERVILLE HALL Read the passage and answer the following question: The journey was a swift and pleasant one. In a few hours the brown earth had become reddish, the brick houses had changed to stone ones. Young Baskerville started eagerly out of the window and cried out excitedly as he recognized the familiar sights of Devonshire. Questions: 1. Who were the passengers? 2. What changes did the passengers notice in the scenery around? 3. Who was young Baskerville? 4. What was the destination of the passengers? 5. Did young Baskerville like the place? How do we know? ANSWERS

1. The passengers were Dr. Mortimer Dr. Watson and Sir Henry. 2. The brown earth become reddish and the brick houses changed to stone houses. 3. Young Baskerville was Sir Henry. 4. The destination of the passengers was Devonshire. 5. Yes, he liked the place, for he cried out excitedly as he recognized the familiar sights.

THE HOUND OF BASKERVILLE

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1) This observation was made by Dr Watson. 2) He was sent because he knew the place well. 3) Stapleton was talking very excitedly while Sir Henry looked pale and disinterested in the conversation. 4) Watson thought that Sir Henry was looking dull because he was worried about the lonely walk across the moor. 5) Sir Henry was having wine.

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Questions: 1) Who made the above observations? 2) Why was he sent in particular for the job? 3) How differently did Stapleton and Sir Henry behave? 4) Why was Henry looking dull according to Watson? 5) Who was having wine?

Questions: 1) Who is the speaker?: 2) Who is the man who had promised to marry her? 3) In what way had the man used the lady as a tool? 4) What are the "wicked acts" the lady refers to? 5) In what way did the writer written by the lady harm the "old gentleman"?

Read the passage and answer the following questions: She looked at them and looked at us desperately. "Mr. Holmes," she said, "this man offered to marry me if I divorced my husband. Why has he lied to me? But now I see I was nothing more than a tool in his hands. Why should I be faithful to him when he has betrayed me? Why should I protect him from the consequences of his wicked acts? Ask me what you like, Mr. Holmes, I will tell you everything! One thing I do swear to you when I wrote the letter, I never dreamed of any harm to the old gentleman. He had been my kindest friend."

ANSWERS 1) The speaker is Laura Lyons. 2) Mr. Stapleton had promised to marry her. 3) He had used her as a tool to get an opportunity to attack Sir Charles with his hound.

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Sir Henry and Stapleton were sitting at a table smoking. There was coffee and wine on the table. Stapleton was talking and seemed very excited. The baronet looked very pale and did not seem to be paying any attention to Stapleton. Maybe, the thought of the lonely walk across the moor was weighing heavily on his mind. As I watched them, Stapleton left the room while Sir Henry filled his glass again and leaned back.

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4) "His wicked acts" means his direct involvement in Sir Charles death. 5) In the letter Laura Lyons requested Sir Charles to be at the gate at 10p.m.He waited, but instead of her a huge hound came and scared him to death. SUPPLEMENTARY ll CHARLES Wednesday and Thursday were routine Charles yelled during story hours and hit a boy in the stomach and made him cry. On Friday Charles stayed after school again and so did all the other children. Questions: 1. Who is Charles? 2. Why were Wednesday and Thursday routine? 3. Why did Charles have to stay after school on Friday? 4. What does the word 'institution' mean with reference to Charles? 5. Why does the man say "looks like Charles"? What does he mean? ANSWERS

1. Charles is an imaginary student of Kindergarten. 2. Charles routine on Wednesday and Thursday is to yell during story hour and hit a boy in the stomach and make him cry. 3. Since Charles has hit the boy in the stomach and made him cry the teacher might have punished him. As a part of punishment Charles stayed at school after the school hours on Friday. 4. The word 'Charles' has come to mean mischief and disorder. It has become a settled tradition in the family. 5. Now and then Laurie behaves so erratic at home. When he behaves like that his parents comment "Look like Charles".

HENRY DAVID THOREAU

ANSWERS

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1. In 1845 he was arrested and sent to prison for one night because he refused to pay a tax. 2. He insisted that the conscience of each person should decide whether an action was right or wrong. This statement means that the state should choose what is correct. 3. According to Thoreau an individual should be free to make his own decision and not bound by the majority opinion. 4. Passive resistance according to him mean opposition with out the use of force. 5. Thoreau's passive resistance has influenced Gandhi in his fight for Indian independence. ANIMALS FOREVER Among the numerous letters I get every day, there are always these from people who ask me about conservation. They ask whether it is really necessary. Well, I think it is one of the most necessary things. This is the world full of unnecessary activities and conservationists are not just making a fuss about nothing. Then I get letters from people who have never, apparently, use their eyes in looking at the world around them. Questions: 1. When people write to the author, what do they generally want to know from him? 2. What is conversation? 3. Why does the author think that conversation is necessary? 4. The author gets letters from two kinds of people. How are the second type of people different from the first type? 5. What are 'figures'? Why do some people believe more in figures that in their own experience?

ANSWERS 1. The author receives numerous letters from the people seeking information about animal conversation whether it is really necessary to conserve them. 2. Conversation is nothing but to provide natural habitat to animals for their breeding. Government should provide extensive land and funds to maintain it. 3. According to the writer the world is a delicate spider web, any disturbance caused would affect the active web. Similarly extinction of a few species would cause dire ecological imbalance.

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Civil Disobedience movement was his main contribution to political thought. He insisted that the conscience of each person should decide whether an action was right or wrong. He believed that the best organization of society would be one in which individuals made their own moral choices and were not bound by the decision of the majority. Questions: 1. Way was Thoreau sent to prison? 2. Thoreau's pamphlet Civil Disobedience Movement said, "If the state must choose between keeping all just men in prison and giving up war and slavery, the state will not hesitate which to choose" What was meant by this? 3. "That government is best which governs least"? 4. What does Thoreau's doctrine of 'passive resistance' mean? 5. How did Thoreau's passive resistance influence Gandhi?

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4. Second type of people apparently cannot see what happens around them; they believe in figures. 5. Some people are incapable of looking at the gravity of the situation. They believe in facts and figures; hence the author has given his case studies to show now certain species are made to extinct due to the callousness of man. GROOMING If we switch our observation now to the more formal business encounter, where the prime function of the contact is information talking. We can witness a further decline in the dominance of grooming talk, but not necessary a total absence of it. Here its expression is almost entirely confined to the opening and closing moments. Instead of waning slowly, as at the dinner party, it is suppressed rapidly, after a few polite, initial exchanges. Questions: 1. In what kind of encounters is information talking very important? 2. When do we see grooming talking in business meetings? 3. How much of grooming talking can we see in dinner parties? 4. Why are business meetings highly formalized? 5. In which meetings do we see the total absence of grooming talking? ANSWERS

1. Information talking is very important in business encounters. 2. Grooming talking is seen in the opening and closing moments of business meetings. 3. The grooming talking in dinner parties is very intense in the beginning and slowly comes down. 4. Business meeting are formalized to suppress the grooming talking. 5. A total absence of grooming talking is not seen in any meeting. It may be minimized at least to a greeting.

THE VILLAGERS' CURIOSITY

ANSWERS

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1. The writer waits till the villagers go to bed so that he can write his notes without any disturbance. 2. He makes notes about the villagers' habits, customs and traditions. 3. He writes by the light of hurricane lamps because there was no electric power supply in the village. 4. He wrote his notes everyday because he was afraid he would forget by the next day. Also he could not sleep well if some important fact was not recorded. 5. Such a writer should make notes regularly because important points, if not recorded, would be lost forever.

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The silver heart left the office, swinging and banging itself independently against the office furniture as it indignantly departed. Pitcher seized a moment to remark to the bookkeeper that the "old man" seemed to get more absentminded and forgetful every day of the world. Questions: 1. Why did Maxwell say pitcher was losing his mind? 2. What did he remark about Miss Leslie's work? 3. When will the office need another stenographer? 4. Who is the silver heart? 5. What did Pitcher tell the bookkeeper?

ANSWERS 1. Maxwell thought Pitcher was losing his mind because he called some candidates for the post of a stenographer. 2. He said that Miss Leslie had given him perfect satisfaction with her work. 3. The office will need another stenographer if only Miss Leslie leaves the place. 4. Silver heart is the lady, who came for the interview. 5. Pitcher told the book-keeper that Maxwell was becoming more absent-minded and forgetful.

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The villagers went to bed early, and I took advantage of this to bring my notes up to date. After an early dinner, I sat in my room. Writing by the light of two hurricane lamps which, however, attracted many insects. But insects or no insects, I had to finish my notes and entries for the day. This was the ideal, however, and occasionally I accumulated arrears. Questions: 1. Why does the writer wait till the villagers go to bed? 2. What does he make notes about? 3. Why does he write by the light of hurricane lamp? 4. Why does the writer say that he always tried to write up his notes everyday? 5. Why is important for such a writer to make notes regularly?

THE ROMANCE OF A BUSY BROKER

THE THRILLS OF BIRD WATCHING

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Thereafter the male resumes his building activity and soon completes the nest with its long entrance tube. The female lays her eggs within, incubates them and brings up the family. This is entirely her responsibility, and it is rarely and only after his building impulse has finally subsided that the male takes a hand in foraging for the chicks. Questions: 1. When does the male resume the building activity? 2. Who plays an important role in bringing up the family? 3. What does the male do after completing the nest? 4. When does the male help in taking care of the chicks? 5. When do females go house-hunting? ANSWERS ANSWERS 1. The male resume the building activity and completes it after a female takes possession of the nest. 2. The female plays a major role in bringing up the family. 3. Soon after it completes one nest, the male proceeds to start a new nest a few feet away. 4. After his building impulse has finally subsided, the male help in taking care of the chicks. 5. Females go house-hunting when the nests are at a half-built stage. THE BEAUTY OF BROTHERHOOD

After contemplation, I conclude that this award which I receive on behalf of that movement is a profound recognition that non-violence is the answer to the crucial political and moral question of our time -the need for the man to overcome oppression. Civilization and violence are antithetical concepts. Negros of the United States, following the people of India, have demonstrated that non-violence is not sterile passivity, but a powerful moral force which makes for social transformations. Sooner or later, all the people of the world will have to discover a way to live together in peace and thereby transfer this pending cosmic elegy into a creative psalm of brotherhood. If this it to be achieved, man must evolve for all human conflict a method which reject revenge, aggression and retaliation. The foundation of such a method is love. Questions: 1) What is the movement that Martin Luther King refer to? 2) Why, according to King, is non-violence so important in our time? 3) Why might some people think that non-violence is a form of sterile passivity? 4) In what way is violence the antithesis of civilization? 5) What does King mean when he talks of the pending cosmic elegy?

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1. Martin Luther King refers to the Civil Rights Movement. 2. It is important since it is the answer to the political and moral question of our time. It is very much needed to overcome oppression without violence. 3. Some people think non-violence is sterile passivity because they feel it is followed by weak people and it cannot bring any reformation. 4. Civilized people cannot be violent and people who are violent cannot call themselves civilized. 5. He means that all over the world, people have been sad and suffering for a very long period.

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ANSWERS

I'll tell you, little boy. That noise was a man having a tooth out. That's how it's going to sound when you have your out, only much louder, because then it'll be inside your head. Questions: 1. Who is the little boy? 2. Who is talking to him? 3. What noise did they hear? 4. What is the boy going to do? 5. What will be much louder? Why? ANSWERS

1. The little boy is Maurice. 2. A man in the waiting room. M-11, is talking to him. 3. They heard a metallic screech from the surgery. 4. The boy is going to ask his mother to take him to school. 5. The noise of the tooth being extracted will be much louder, for then it would be inside the little boy's head.

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THE FIRST PATIENT

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SECTION - II Important Questions SET - A Supplementary - I 1. What conclusions did Watson draw about the owner of the stick and how? 2. According to the "Devon County Chronicle" How did Sir Charles die? Does Dr. Mortimer agree with this version? 3. What is the private fact that Sherlock Holmes wants Dr. Mortimer to tell him? Why didn't Dr. Mortimer tell the jury this? 4. What was the verdict of the Coroner's jury about the death of Sir Charles? How did they arrive at it? 5. Why does Sherlock Holmes come to the conclusion that Sir Charles had been frightened even before he began to run? 6. Describe the Yew Alley? What happened there? 7. Why does Mr. Mortimer feel that the thing is supernatural? 8. Sherlock Holmes reads out an article on 'Free Trade' from The Times. Why? Do the three listeners understand his intention? 9. How is Sir Henry entitled to inherit the property of Sir Charles? 10. "House, land and dollars must go together" Who says this? Why? 11. Who is John Clayton? Can you briefly describe what he tells Holmes? 12. If Sir Henry were to die, who would inherit his property? 13. Why are soldiers posted at different places at the time Sir Henry arrives in Devonshire? 14. Describe Baskerville Hall . 15. Why does Dr. Watson visit Grimpen Postmaster? What does he discover? 16. When Dr. Watson follows Barrymore in the middle of the night, what does he find him doing? 17. Who was Selden? What was the case against him? 18. What happened to Stapleton at last? 19. Who was Stapleton? Why did he want to wipe out the rest of the Baskerville family? 20. How did Sherlock Holmes deduce the resemblance of Hugo with Stapleton? 21. What information does Dr. Watson get from Laura Lyons? Why does he feel that she has not told him the complete truth? [2 marks each]

SET - B [2 marks each] Supplementary - II 1. Why did Laurie create the character of Charles? 2. Why did Laurie's parents never find out that their son was often punished by being made to stay back after class? 3. Why is the story entitled Charles and not Laurie? Who is the story about? 4. 'Independent man' that's what Thoreau was. How? Why? 5. What are the views of Thoreau on work? What views of Thoreau influenced Gandhiji? 6. What is the main message of Thoreau's book Walden? How did Thoreau influence Gandhiji? 7. What were the principles which Thoreau lived by? 8. Why was there a sense of occasion in the atmosphere on that day? 9. Why were the headmaster and teachers in a state of nervousness on the day the Viceroy arrived at their small town? 10. Why did Gopal start playing with the ant? Did he feel that the ant was more important then the Viceroy? Why was he fascinated by it? 11. What kind of challenge did the ant present to Gopal? 12. Why does "paper protection" of animals prove to be futile? 13. What did Red Data Books (Produced by International Union for the capitalization of Nature) deal with? 14. The writer described two important measures to conserve wild life. What are they? 15. In 'Grooming' Desmond Morris describes types of talking what are they? 16. What are the two kinds of grooming mentioned by Morris? 17. What is the writer's attitude to the behaviour of the villagers? Did he admire them? Did they disgust him? Did he feel sorry for himself that he was not a part of their life? 18. The villagers treated the writer with utmost respect. Why? 19. In what ways Miss Leslie behave unlike the usual stenographers? 20. Three endings are suggested to the unfinished story. Which one do you think is appropriate? 21. What does Salim Ali say are the three kinds of thrills in bird watching? 22. Give brief account of the Cochin Forest Tramway? 23. What does the award of the prize stand for according to Martin Luther King? 24. How does the speaker want to turn the 'cosmic elegy' into 'creative psalm'? 25. What does the humour in the play, "The First Patient" depend on? SECTION - III Rearrange the scrambled sentences in each set (A&B) to form meaningful paragraphs. (i) SET - A a) One day a mob of thirty people armed with sticks and iron bars came into the house. b) They overthrew the chairs, broke glasses and hit mindlessly at everything. c) A young girl and her grandfather lived in a small house in the village. d) He also promised to save her grandfather's life. e) However, a young man in the crowd, helped the girl escape through the rear door. SET - B a) She spent seven years in a convent, but one day she saw the slums of Calcutta and decided to serve the poor.

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b) c) d) e) She came to India to teach. Today her work extends throughout the earth. The world has lost an angel of the poor and suffering with her death. Mother Teresa was born in a small town in Albania. ANSWERS SET-A: (c) (a) (b) (e) (d) SET-B: (e) (b) (a) (c) (d)

a) b) c) d) e)

ANSWERS SET-A: (d) (a) (e) (c) (b) SET-B: (b) (a) (c) (e) (d)

SET-A: (b) (e) (a) (d) (c) SET-B: (c) (e) (d) (a) (b)

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(iii) SET - A a) When they were returning home, they realized that that they had forgotten one of their purchases at the mall. b) Mr. and Mrs. Rao went for shopping one evening. c) When they finally reached home, they were very tired. d) They went back, collected it and had dinner on the way home. e) They bought provisions, footwear and fruits. SET - B a) She was conferred the Bharat Ratna in 1998, the first musician to receive this honour. b) She died in 11 December, 2004 at the age of 88. c) Known a MS to her fans, M.S Subbul-akshmi is the most famous Carnatic singer of India. d) She give a special recital before the General Assembly of the UNO in 1966. e) She was born in Madurai on 16 Septem-ber, 1916. ANSWERS

Title should be given. Define the title and write the correct situations regarding the topic. Write the merits and demerits, if possible. Give a solution of your personal. (opinion) Read the following dialogue. Then write a paragraph expressing your views on the topic discussed in the dialogue. Mr. Reddy: How is Prerna? Is she better now? Mrs. Reddy: Not really. She still has a bad cough and a wheezy chest. As you know, she's allergic to dust and smoke and the pollution here has made her worse. I wish we had not come to this city. Mr. Reddy: Be practical. It's not possible to stay away from the place forever. Anyway, all the cities have the same problem. Everywhere people seem to be suffering from lung diseases and skin allergies. Pollution has become a health hazard. There is very little we can do about it. Mrs. Reddy: I think both Government and individuals should take steps to bring down pollution levels. Otherwise, all cities will soon become gas chambers. Answer: POLLUTION Pollution is the process of making air, water, soil etc.. dirty. It is a global problem. It posess a serious threat to the environment. Everywhere people seem to be suffering from lung diseases and skin allergies. Pollution from vehicles has become a matter of great concern to all of us. The smoke they send out , makes people sick. This is one facet of pollution. There are others too like water pollution. sound pollution etc. The government and individuals should take steps to bring down pollution levels, lest all cities should soon become gas chambers. In order to check this, pollution control devices have to be employed. It is our duty to see to it that the purity and sanctity of our surroundings are intact. A pollution free world should become

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ARGUMENTATIVE PARAGRAPH WRITING

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(ii) a) b) c) d) e)

SET - A The play must be the original unpublished work of the person submitting it. The contest is open to any writer who is not normally a resident of the United Kingdom. Translated work must be identified as such and the translator's name given. Applicants are invited to write a radio play of about 60 minutes on any subjects of their choice. The play must be written in English altho-ugh there is no financial assistance available to help with any translation costs. SET - B He lived in Indonesia for five years with his mother and stepfather. Barack Hussein Obama was born in August 1961 to a white American mother and a black Kenyan father. He is left-handed, and is six feet one and a half inches tall. A Hawaiian genealogist has linked Obama to President George Washington, James Madison, Harry Truman, Jimmy Carter on his mother Ann Dunham's side. His speeches are a big hit on You Tube. In his spare time, he plays basketball.

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our motto. We should strive to achieve that. LETTER WRITING The parts of letter 1. The Heading 2. The Greeting (Salutation) 3. The Body 4. The Complimentary close (The SubScription) 5. The Signature line. The Greeting (Salutation) a) Formal Greeting, Dear Uncle, Dear Mr. Satish, b) Informal Greeting Joe, c) To known officials Dear Sir, d) To Un-known officials Sir, The Complimentary close (The Sub Scription) a) Personal letters Yours lovingly, Yours affectionately, etc. b) Official letters Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully, Yours obediently, Yours truly, c) Business letters Yours sincerely, Yours truly,

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FORMAT OF THE LETTERS

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From __________, __________. To __________, __________.

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Sub:________________reg.

Sir,

_________________________________ _________ Body of the letter ________ _________________________________ _________________________________ Thanking you, Yours truly, (sign) XXX

To Address on envelope. PERSONAL LETTER Station:______, Date:________.

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Station:______, Date:________.

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Dear________, __________Introduction______________________________________________ _________________________________ _________ Body of the letter ________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ ____________conclusion____________ _____________________ Yours lovingly, XXX

To Address on envelope.

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