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University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program Year 45 Extension Annual Report for Impacts and Accomplishments Reporting

period: February 1, 2012-January 31, 2013 I. Focus area: Sustainable Coastal Development Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported shoreline access activities in the County of Maui (Accomplishment-Owens) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant worked with state and county agencies to identify and implement opportunities to create or restore shoreline access on Maui. RELEVANCE: Access to and along the shoreline are primary tenants of Hawaii's Coastal Zone Management Act. This law is underscored by the cultural importance and expectation of public shoreline access by Hawaii residents. Yet shoreline access is still limited in many areas throughout the state, mainly due to land use development patterns that did not incorporate shoreline access prior to the adoption of the Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Act into law. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Tara Owens worked with state and county coastal planners to identify opportunities to create or restore shoreline access on Maui. The agent also participated in the state's shoreline certification process to identify opportunities for removing encroachments that may inhibit access along the shoreline and worked with individuals or groups to improve these conditions. RESULTS: The agent participated in 20 Maui-based shoreline site visits by the state that identified encroachments and unauthorized land uses in 30 percent of the shoreline certification applications. The state required these applicants to remove debris, structures, or vegetation along the shoreline, thereby restoring shoreline access. In addition, the agent and county planners identified troubled areas where access to the shoreline was severely limited. In this case, shoreline access was restored to at least one property. Associated Goals: Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens.

Partners: Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program (HI CZM) Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) County of Maui County of Maui Planning Department

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical advice on beach management planning and coastal land use to the Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands Program (Accomplishment-Romine) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical support to the Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands on beach management planning and coastal land use to support the states long term goal of beach and coastal preservation. RELEVANCE: Roughly 70 percent of beaches in Hawaii are eroding; many kilometers of beach have been completely lost due to natural and human-induced impacts. The Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (OCCL), which is part of the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), administers a Coastal Lands Program that is responsible for maintaining the delicate balance between preservation and responsible development of marine and coastal areas. The Coastal Lands Program is involved in initiating and developing innovative shoreline management techniques that address the states long-term goal of beach and coastal preservation. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Bradley Romine, who is seconded to OCCL, provided scientific, technical, and outreach support to the Coastal Lands Program by reviewing beach management planning and coastal land use. He also conducted site visits, reviewed land use applications for consistency with the DLNR Conservation District rules and coastal management plans, and advised OCCL on ways to improve public beach resources. RESULTS: The agent advised OCCL on the removal of unauthorized structures (e.g., seawalls) at two sites (Kahala and Mokuleia) on Oahu, which the state determined to be encroaching on state beaches and limiting public access. Hawaii Sea Grant also provided recommendations on easements for 10 land owners for authorized structures on state beaches that were determined not 2

inhibit public shoreline access or cause substantial degradation to public beach resources. These easements provided funding for the OCCL beach fund which is utilized for improving beach management around the state. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (OCCL)

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported the Stables Road beach nourishment and monitoring project on Maui (Impact-Romine) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development Secondary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical assistance to the Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands on the Stables Road beach nourishment project, which rehabilitated approximately 400 meters of public beach along north Maui as an alternative to coastal armoring. RELEVANCE: The Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (OCCL) manages a Small Scale Beach Nourishment (SSBN) program through a stream-lined permitting process for private and public land owners to nourish degraded beaches and dunes fronting their property. The SSBN program provides an alternative to land owners, who may otherwise choose hardened shoreline armoring, to protect their coastal properties from beach erosion while maintaining the public beach resources fronting their property. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant supported the SSBN program by conducting scientific monitoring of the Stables Road beach nourishment project on Maui. Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Bradley Romine, who is seconded to OCCL, provided technical assistance to OCCL and the property owner by conducting ongoing beach performance monitoring including beach profile measurements and repair of the sand bag structures. 3

RESULTS: The Stables Road beach nourishment project serves as an exemplary model of beach preservation and an alternative to coastal armoring (e.g., seawalls) found on adjacent sections of beach. The project maintained the pubic beach resource and public access along approximately 400 meters of formerly degraded (eroded) beach. Approximately 7,500 square meters of beach were rehabilitated in June 2010 as a demonstration project using sand pumped from offshore and geotextile sandbag groins as stabilization structures. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens. Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Partners: Hawaii Clean Water Branch (HI DOH) Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) Maui County Planning Department US Army Corps of Engineers (DOD, Army, USACE)

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant assisted Forest City Residential Management with reducing energy consumption in military housing (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant conducted energy audits of military housing utilizing university students that resulted in the development of recommendations to Forest City Residential Management, affecting the management of 7,000 military residences in Hawaii. RELEVANCE: Forest City Residential Management is a company managing 7,000 residential units throughout 37 neighborhoods in Hawaii through a 50-year contract with the US Department of Defense (DoD). Nearly all the homes are centrally air conditioned and were built before tight building envelopes were given priority in design of homes in Hawaii. Up to 69% of the monthly electricity consumption is due to air conditioning.

RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant's Center for Smart Building and Community Design completed energy audits of eight unoccupied homes, 32 occupied homes, and then monitored six homes that were given different air conditioning and insulation retrofits. Hawaii Sea Grant staff analyzed the data and calculated the seasonally adjusted energy savings. RESULTS: The project provided 19 university architecture and engineering students the opportunity to receive energy auditing training and financial support for applying newly learned skills that improved conditions in actual buildings. Various audits were completed on 46 homes. Hawaii Sea Grant shared the information with Forest City along with recommendations for upgrades and maintenance as well as energy reduction recommendations for residents. Forest City is planning to roll-out an air conditioning retrofit for one entire neighborhood. Results were provided to the consulting firm running a resident outreach program for Forest City. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii Natural Energy Institute Forest City Residential Management

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant studied the efficiency of solar water heating systems for Forest City Residential Management (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant collected solar water heating data from military housing that will help formulate strategies to improve solar water heating system performance throughout the state. RELEVANCE: Forest City Residential Management manages 7,000 military residential units in Hawaii. Although these homes are equipped with solar water heating systems with electric backup, many of these systems are under performing. Results from Hawaii Sea Grant's previous research suggest that an estimated 50-65% of solar water heating systems are under performing. An electric water heater in one of these homes might consume between 10-200 kWh/month or greater, depending on the efficiency of the solar heating system (and the habits of the residents).

RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant conducted ongoing monitoring of 15 homes in 14 different neighborhoods for one year for energy consumption on multiple circuit breakers, as well as water temperature and recirculation pump performance of the solar water heating systems. This project provided an opportunity to collectively address and reduce energy consumption in all homes in Hawaii with solar water heating systems. It also provided graduate and advanced undergraduate students with the opportunity to learn new skills, expand their job marketability and to contribute to large-scale solutions as they elevate the standards of practice in their chosen professions. RESULTS: One planning graduate student and two advanced Engineering undergraduates received energy auditing training and were employed part-time on the project. One computer science graduate student received training in data analysis on this project. Final results will be available in late 2013, but preliminary results have given a good insight into challenges with monitoring equipment as well as initial assessment of solar water heating performance. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Forest City Residential Management Hawaii Energy

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant assisted with data collection and analysis for a Maui Smart Grid pilot project (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant is assisting in the data analyses of a prototype smart grid on Maui that will help the state build technical capacity to keep the power quality on the grid stable while achieving deeper penetration of unstable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. RELEVANCE: In order for State of Hawaii to achieve its goal of 70% clean energy by 2030 per the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative, it will need to produce 40% of its current level of electricity production with renewable sources and reduce consumption by 30% with efficiency measures. Since renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are very variable and not always predictable, it is difficult to incorporate them into the grid and maintain a stable power supply. The grid needs to be updated with sensors to give utility operators feedback regarding power 6

quality on different parts of the grid. With adequate data analysis, algorithms can be formulated to help predict grid conditions so utility operators can react and make necessary adjustments. Developing this technology will take painstaking data collection and analysis to achieve. RESPONSE: With funding from the US Department of Energy, the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute and Maui Electric will be installing smart meters on 100 homes in one neighborhood in Maui. Data for energy consumption, photovoltaic power production, and power quality are being collected. Hawaii Sea Grant staff are constructing a database and will collaborate with consultants on the project to conduct the data analyses. RESULTS: Smart meters have been installed at 88 homes to date. Raw data has been collected, the database is setup, and initial data analysis will begin in 2013. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute US Department of Energy Maui Electric-add to PIER

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant partnered with the University of Hawaii School of Architecture to host an energy simulation class (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant and partners supported workforce development by taking the first step in introducing energy simulation to the University of Hawaii School of Architecture curriculum as well as the local architecture community. RELEVANCE: In order to achieve aggressive energy savings goals, architects, engineers, and building managers in Hawaii need to utilize of state-of-the-art technologies for whole building energy simulation. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Smart Building and Community Design partnered with the University of Hawaii School of Architecture and the Oahu Workforce Development 7

Board to provide a semester-long whole building energy simulation course for architecture and engineering students as well as professional architects and building managers who needed to learn new skills. This will be followed by a paid internship for students to work at local firms to transfer skills. In addition, training workshops for professionals were also conducted. RESULTS: The course was taught in spring 2012 to 20 participants. Five students participated in the summer internship, working at four local firms and for the University of Hawaii Campus Planning Office. Interns introduced this technology to 59 professionals at firms. Two sessions of an energy efficient lighting design workshop for professionals and students were held in April 2012 for 59 participants. Four students incorporated this analysis into their doctoral dissertation topics. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Architecture Oahu Workforce Investment Board

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant partnered with the Building Industry Association of Hawaii to monitor performance of the New Hawaiian Home prototype (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided valuable data feedback on the performance of a model home designed by the Building Industry Association. RELEVANCE: Hawaii is in need of projects that demonstrate green building techniques to educate developers, contractors and construction workers how to build using green techniques. RESPONSE: The New Hawaiian Home is a collaborative project developed by the Building Industry Association of Hawaii, Hawaiian Electric Company, and the Hawaii Department of Business Economic Development and Tourism. The construction of the prototype home was 8

completed in June 2011 and used for educational tours until the end of July. The home was sold to a sustainability-minded family and part of the agreement with the owners was that the energy would be monitored for a year. Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Sustainability Specialist Eileen Peppard conducted the energy monitoring. RESULTS: The home was monitored from August 2011 to June 2012. The instruments were removed two months early due to some renovations being conducted in the home. Data was analyzed and provided to the home owners and the Building Industry Association for their consideration. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Building Industry Association of Hawaii Hawaiian Electric Hawaii Department of Business Economic Development and Tourism

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant helped the University of Hawaii at Manoa create a building information management system (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant assisted the University of Hawaii at Manoa with modeling 3.5 million square feet of building space on it campus which provided benefits to campus planning, maintenance, and security. RELEVANCE: The University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM) has information about its campus in disparate databases that lack common access to all those who might benefit from the information, with no control over editing, and no scheduled updates. RESPONSE: Under the direction of Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Smart Building and Community Design Director, Hawaii Sea Grant Sustainability Specialist Eileen Peppard and employees at the University of Hawaii School of Architecture's Environmental Research and Design Laboratory are constructing a 3-D, GIS-based model of the campus which will be webbased and enable more efficient planning of space utilization and future renovations. Tasks 9

include updating building floor plans, verifying space being used, building AutoCAD and Revit models, and linking various databases in this complex model. RESULTS: Valuable data was shared UHM administration. Data collection was expanded. Previously unintended benefits have surfaced, such as campus security planning, which has been a bonus for the project. The team completed modeling 3.5 million square feet of building space (51 buildings total, 47 on the main campus and four off-campus). A comprehensive website is being developed that will allow access to data for many campus entities. There has been collaboration between several university offices to compile all of the spatial data for the campus. Student employees are gaining invaluable training and experience in the use of modeling software and management of work-flow. Over the three years that this project has been in existence, 43 students have worked part-time on it. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: Office of the Vice Chancellor of Administration, Finance, and Operations

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant continued its efforts to support implementation of an energy efficient retrofit of Kuykendall Hall on the University of Hawaii at Manoa campus (Accomplishment-Peppard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical support to the Commercial Building Partnership between the University of Hawaii at Manoa and the Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory by collecting data from 100 sensors in Kuykendall Hall. RELEVANCE: In 2006, the University of Hawaii at Manoa campus declared an energy reduction goal of 50% reduction by 2015. To meet these goals, there needed to be a paradigm shift in thinking about building retrofits on the campus. Most architecture firms and design engineers developed their careers in the era of mechanical heating and cooling and are not 10

familiar with passive design techniques. Working with local firms and contractors and making a shift in campus building design standards is a challenge for the university. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant is participating in the Commercial Building Partnership Program with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to redesign Kuykendall Hall. Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Smart Building and Community Design provided technical assistance to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, energy consultants, local architects and engineers for a state-of-the art, energy efficient renovation of Kuykendall Hall. It also helped with coordinating the numerous parties involved in the renovation that will serve as a model of energy efficiency. RESULTS: The design and energy modeling work was completed. University of Hawaii staff and students participated in design workshops. This project has helped build energy simulation capacity within the university and inspired the initiation of a semester-long energy simulation course at the University of Hawaii School of Architecture in spring 2012. Funding for the retrofit is pending state appropriations approval. The building's energy and environmental conditions are continuing to be monitored. These data will be compared to data collected after a retrofit is completed. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US DOE) Office of the Vice Chancellor of Administration, Finance, and Operations

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant partnered with NOAA to offer a coastal community planning and development training for two communities in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Gonser) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development Secondary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant in collaboration with the NOAA Coastal Services Center hosted two two-day trainings in partnership with local community organizations in which over 50 community 11

members participated, including government officials and employees, planning and design professionals, and neighborhood board members. RELEVANCE: Coastal and waterfront areas face tremendous development pressure as coastal communities grapple with ways in guiding development that maximizes benefits and limits potential negative environmental impacts. How and where growth and development occurs in coastal communities has huge environmental, economic, and social consequences. As a state with an active state planning presence and no jurisdictions finer-grained than the counties (which, for the most part, represent each island), Hawaiis citizens are actively engaged in the community development process and interested in current information related to coastal hazards and coastal and marine ecosystems. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant engaged the NOAA Coastal Services Center to partner on offering a Coastal Community Planning and Development training to stakeholders in the Kailua and Hawaii Kai communities in Hawaii. The workshop informed participants about alternatives to conventional patterns of development, as well as provided background information, examples, strategies and resources to support Smart Growth development in their respective communities. RESULTS: Participants gained an understanding of drivers, consequences and impacts of conventional development; local development trends in the state; benefits of alternative development (i.e., Smart Growth concepts for coastal communities in Hawaii); and tools and resources to aid planning and implementation efforts. They also learned about Environmental Protection Agency Smart Growth winner case studies, how to conduct a stakeholder analysis, and how to create a collective vision for how and where coastal communities grow. Associated Goals: Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Kailua Urban Design Task Force NOAA Coastal Services Center NOAA Pacific Services Center (PSC) Malama Maunalua

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Title: Hawaii Sea Grant offered a rainwater catchment workshop for stakeholders in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Gonser/Donohue) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development Secondary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant hosted a two-day rainwater harvesting workshop for key university, government, community organizations, and industry stakeholders who were interested in or mandated to manage water use in the state; an outcome of the event is the development of a white paper that outlines steps to be made in the development of water resource management in the state. RELEVANCE: Groundwater resources in Hawaii are continually being strained. The replenishing cycles of precipitation and surface flow have decreased from historical trends, citing a need to optimize the use of water for Hawaiis growing population. Water catchment can be employed to meet a spectrum of objectivesas a storm water mitigation measure, for reducing runoff and associated pollution, or for use as a potable water conservation measure for outdoor non-potable uses and indoor non-potable/potable uses. This illustrates that water resources issues, generally, concern both water quantity and quality. Furthermore, the measures to permit, monitor, and regulate the safe practice of water catchment/rainwater harvesting depends on the communitys desired ultimate use of that water resource. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant hosted a two-day workshop to explore the development of rainwater harvesting in Hawaii. The event provided a forum to share the best-available, factbased information regarding the current status and future potential for water catchment. Key academic, municipal, civic, state and business leaders and decision-makers were invited to the workshop as well as representatives from the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials and American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association. RESULTS: Hawaii Sea Grant established itself as leader and facilitator in matters of concern to the state regarding water catchment. The workshop participants identified challenges and opportunities associated with water catchment. Partnerships to explore opportunities to collaborate on proposed project ideas were formed. Hawaii Sea Grant is developing a white paper that outlines steps on water resources management is in development. 13

Associated Goals: Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (UHM) International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (ARCSA) Interface Engineering

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant resurrected its Water Resources Working Group to address water resource management issues in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Gonser) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development Secondary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant organized a meeting of university researchers, agency resource managers, and community-based organization staff to share information about their work with respect to water resources and explore ideas for potential areas of collaboration. RELEVANCE: Hawaiis increasing population base and community development projects statewide are increasing the demand on the states limited groundwater resources. Scientists have predicted that the replenishing cycles of precipitation and surface flow will decrease compared with historical trends, citing a need to optimize water resource management efforts in the state. There is also excellent and ongoing research being conducted at the university as well as proactive management of water resources in Hawaii. However, not all these efforts are known among those who are engaged in these practices. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant reconvened a water resources working group that consisted of university researchers, government agency staff, and community-based organizations to discuss 14

water resources management issues in Hawaii. The purpose of this initial meeting was to have the participants share information about the activities they did in their respective organizations and explore potential areas of collaboration. RESULTS: The participants greatly appreciated Hawaii Sea Grants effort to reconvene the group given the urgency to address water resources issues in the state. The group decided to work towards developing research priorities and coordinated strategic actions, and act as a clearinghouse of water resources issues and efforts in Hawaii. Suggestions were also made about relevant stakeholders to invite to future meetings of the working group. Associated Goals: Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: City and County of Honolulu, Board of Water Supply US Geological Survey (US DOI, USGS) University of Hawaii, Water Resources Research Center University of Hawaii at Manoa, Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Hawaii Commission on Water Resource Management Hawaii Department of Health

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant established a power purchase agreement for the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (Impact-Donohue/Grau/Meder) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant assisted in the negotiation of a power purchase agreement to install a photovoltaic system at the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology which served as a model for subsequent power purchase agreements implement by the university. 15

RELEVANCE: In order to reach its goal of supplying 25% of its energy from renewable sources by the year 2020, the University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM) administration is exploring opportunities to reduce its $32 million electricity bill and identify sources of financing in order to install renewable energy systems on its buildings and research facilities. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Specialist Dr. Mary Donohue, Director Dr. E. Gordon Grau and Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Smart Building and Community Design Director Dr. Stephen Meder worked with Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) staff, university administration, and the State of Hawaii Department of Transportation Airports Division to share a request for proposals (RFP) to negotiate a power purchase agreement for its most energy intensive building in the system, the HIMB laboratory on Coconut Island. The planned photovoltaic array will generate 250 to 310 kW. RESULTS: The power purchase agreement was completed. The project is in the implementation stage and going through the permitting process. The photovoltaic system was a donation from the non-profit Center for Sustainable Futures. This demonstration project sets a precedent for the university to utilize power purchase agreements for other renewable energy projects on its campuses system wide and statewide. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii Natural Energy Institute University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii Institute for Marine Biology Center for a Sustainable Future

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant helped the University of Hawaii at Manoa with campus planning efforts (Accomplishment-Meder) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development

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RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant helped the University of Hawaii at Manoa administration with developing master plans for its campus. RELEVANCE: A long-term development plan is in place for the University of Hawaii at Manoa campus takes dedicated committees of experts to ensure the plan is adhered to during the planning process of new buildings or any major changes on the campus. RESPONSE: In summer 2009, the university established a Design Advisory Panel for this purpose and invited professionals in the fields of architecture, landscaping, historical preservation, and urban development to serve on the committee. Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Smart Building and Community Design Director Dr. Stephen Meder is leading the coordination effort to develop a detailed master plan of each facet of campus planning by utilizing experts in each of these fields. RESULTS: The landscape master plan and the transportation management plan have been completed. The water infrastructure and historic preservation master plans are still in the planning phase. Hawaii Sea Grant has engaged the City and County of Honolulu to limit vehicle trips to and from campus by increasing bus and bike ridership. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: Office of the Vice Chancellor of Administration, Finance, and Operations

Title: State-of-the-art community college culinary institute initially designed by Hawaii Sea Grant received approval for construction (Impact-Meder) Primary focus area: Sustainable Coastal Development

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RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical assistance to Kapiolani Community College to develop a conceptual design and request-for-proposal language that helped secure funding for construction of the facility. RELEVANCE: Over 6 years ago, the Culinary Institute of the Pacific at the Kapiolani Community College (KCC) had developed plans to establish a new kitchen and teaching facility. KCC sought Hawaii Sea Grants input on how to design resource efficient, environmentallyfriendly buildings. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant and KCC co-funded Trenton Lum, a doctoral student in architecture, to develop a conceptual design of the institute, serve as a community liaison, and develop sustainable design schemes for the project. Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Smart Building and Community Design Director Dr. Stephen Meder also provided language to achieve sustainable design features in KCCs request for proposals (RFP) for the hiring of the architects and also assisted in the selection of project architects and consultants. The language in the RFP ensured that the institutes new kitchen, once constructed, will meet the LEED standards. RESULTS: In July 2012, the University of Hawaii Board of Regents approved key funding for the $32 million culinary institute, which will jump start construction. The institute will be built in phases along the side of landmark Diamond Head crater. Phase one will focus on construction of the laboratories, followed by Phase two, which would include the restaurant, demonstration auditorium, and administration building. Once built, the institute will serve as a landmark statement in green building design in the Waikiki community. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: Culinary Institute of the Pacific, Kapiolani Community College University of Hawaii School of Architecture

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Title: Hoopili development project in West Oahu that Hawaii Sea Grant assisted received land use commission approval to move forward (Impact-Meder/Grau) Primary focus area: Sustainable Coastal Development Secondary focus area: RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant and the Environmental Protection Agency partnered on a large development project in West Oahu that received approval for development by the state Land Use Commission. RELEVANCE: Hoopili is a master planned development project in West Oahu that could add 11,500 new homes and incorporate the city's proposed $5.3 billion elevated steel rail system into its community. RESPONSE: Over seven years ago, Hawaii Sea Grant was invited by the City and County of Honolulu Department of Planning and Permitting to participate in community meetings addressing developer D. R. Hortons proposed designs for Hoopili. The project involved Hawaii Sea Grant as the initiator and organizer, Environmental Protection Agencys Office of Sustainable Communities as the provider of state-of-the-art community design expertise, the City and County of Honolulu and its Department of Planning and Permitting, local and national developers, particularly D. R. Horton, and several community and transportation design firms with which Hawaii Sea Grant partnered. The Hoopili project was sustainably redesigned as a result of these interactions. This work was cited by NOAA Administrator Lautenbacher as the first of ten national Sea Grant highlights for 2006. RESULTS: In June 2012, the Hoopili project cleared a major huddle. The state Land Use Commission voted to reclassify about 1,500 acres of agricultural lands belonging to D. R. Horton for development. The project will create 27,000 jobs in construction and related services over a 20-year period, as well as 7,000 permanent jobs. Associated Goals: Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. 19

Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: City and County of Honolulu, Department of Planning and Permitting Smart Growth Program (US EPA)

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II. Focus area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Title: Hawaii Sea Grant increased community capacity to prepare for hazardous events in the state and Sea Grant network (Impact-Eversole/Hwang) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant supported hazard resilience efforts in the state and Sea Grant network through outreach activities associated with its homeowners handbook publication. RELEVANCE: Hawaii residents are exposed to multiple natural hazards that include hurricanes, tsunamis, earthquakes and floods. Many residents are not prepared for dealing with these hazards and lack the necessary knowledge and information on emergency planning and preparedness. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant addressed this need by developing the Homeowners Handbook to Prepare for Natural Hazards in 2007. This free publication targeted homeowners and outlines effective ways to significantly lower serious risks to lives and property. Approximately 45,000 handbooks have been distributed statewide through our partners, community outreach events, workshops, invited presentations, and requests made through our communications office. In 2011, Hawaii Sea Grant included updated information on evacuation guidance for a local tsunami, a new hurricane plantation tie that was specifically designed for single wall homes, evacuation shelters, and much more. Our extension faculty also took the lead in organizing a series of statewide workshops and hazard fairs to disseminate and share information about the handbook. RESULTS: The 2011 statewide workshops were a huge success. Our partners took the lead in organizing six statewide community workshops with Hawaii Sea Grants assistance in 2012. Hawaii Sea Grant also conducted four workshops for county planning agencies statewide. On a national level, with assistance from Hawaii Sea Grant, Sea Grant programs in Mississippi, Alabama, Delaware, Louisiana, and Florida published their own versions of the handbook. In 2013, the College of the Marshall Islands obtained a small grant from the Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program to produce a handbook in partnership with Hawaii Sea Grant.

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Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Partners: NOAA Coastal Services Center College of the Marshall Islands Delaware Sea Grant Florida Sea Grant Gulf Coast Coastal Storms Program Hawaii Department of Civil Defense Louisiana Sea Grant Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium National Weather Service Pacific Tsunami Warning Center

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant participated in the development of the Pacific Island Regional Climate Assessment report (Accomplishment-Eversole) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant participated in the process to develop the first authoritative Pacific Islands report on climate change impacts as part of the US National Climate Assessment (NCA), conducted under the auspices of the US Global Change Research Act of 1990. RELEVANCE: Observed and predicted climate change presents a challenge to Hawaiis natural and built environment. Sea level rise, increasing water, land and air temperatures, rising storm intensity, coastal inundation and flooding, and drought from extreme events are among the threats that endanger Hawaiis environment, threatening public safety, sustenance, economic viability, and cultural and traditional values.

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RESPONSE: In 2012, the Pacific Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessment (RISA) invited Hawaii Sea Grant and its Center for Climate Adaptation and Policy to participate as key contributors on the Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment (PIRCA). PIRCA is a regional collaboration that involved federal, state, and local government agencies, non-government organizations, academia, businesses, and community groups to inform and prioritize their activities in the face of a changing climate. Its purpose was to assess the state of knowledge about climate change indicators, impacts, and adaptive capacity of Hawaii and the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands. Information gained from PIRCA contributed to the US National Climate Assessment (NCA), which was conducted under the auspices of the US Global Change Research Act of 1990. RESULT: The PIRCA report was published and officially released in December 2012. It is the first report on the impacts of climate change in the Pacific. Information from the report was disseminated at a public forum held at the University of Hawaii in December. In addition to sharing information from the report, the forum provided an opportunity to engage participants in a discussion on how to apply the information from the PIRCA to local decision-making. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: Pacific Climate Information System (PaCIS) Pacific Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA) Program Pacific Risk Management Ohana (PRiMO) University of Hawaii University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Geology and Geophysics (UHM) NOAA Coastal Storms Program

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported the adoption of the State of Hawaiis climate change adaptation planning priority guidelines (Impact-Eversole) 23

Primary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant, through its participation in the Hawaii Ocean Resources Management Plan working group, helped support the adoption of Act 286, Climate Change Adaptation Planning Priority Guidelines for the state. RELEVANCE: The Hawaii Ocean Resources Management Plan (ORMP) is a statewide plan mandated by Chapter 205A of the Hawaii Revised Statutes. The plan is an integrated, placebased approach to management of ocean resources in the islands. Climate change impacts and adaptation are highlighted in the ORMP and represent an overarching challenge for state as to how to best address this issue. RESPONSE: At the invitation of the State Office of Planning, Hawaii Sea Grant has been serving on the ORMPs working group. The group is composed of state and county agencies, federal partners, academia, and community groups. One task of the working group has been to provide climate policy guidance to the Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program. Historically, climate policy in Hawaii has focused on greenhouse gas mitigation rather than addressing climate impacts or adaptation strategies in land use practices. In 2009, the working group produced a report entitled A Framework for Climate Change Adaptation in Hawaii. The report identified a methodology and approach for developing policies for adapting to climate change in Hawaii and was shared with decision-makers for policy consideration. RESULTS: In July 2012, the Governor signed into law Act 286, the Climate Change Adaptation Planning Priority Guidelines which encourages collaboration and cooperation among county, state, and federal agencies, policy makers, businesses, and other community partners to plan for the impacts of climate change. This was in part, due to the efforts of the working group and the 2009 climate framework report. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events.

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Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: NOAA Coastal Storms Program (US DOC, NOAA, NOS, SCS, CSP) Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program (HI CZM) Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) Hawaii Office of Planning

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant conducted a study examining the impacts of climate change on the visitor industry in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Eversole/Gonser) Primary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Tourism Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: At the request of the Hawaii Tourism Authority, Hawaii Sea Grant conducted a study that examined the impacts of climate change on Hawaiis visitor industry and developed a report outlining potential climate adaptation options for policy makers and the industry to consider. RELEVANCE: Climate change is expected to impact Hawaiis tourism sector, the states primary economic engine. Sea level rise threatens resources and infrastructure, including businesses, hotels, utilities, and transportation assets. Ocean acidification will degrade Hawaiis coral reefs and other marine resources. Understanding the consequences of climate change on the tourism industry is necessary to develop targeted adaptation strategies for policy makers and the visitor industry to consider.

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RESPONSE: In 2011, the states Hawaii Tourism Authority (HTA) approached Hawaii Sea Grant with a request to identify the potential impacts of climate change on the visitor industry and recommend adaptation strategies for decision-makers to consider. As part of the project Hawaii Sea Grant collaborated with the University of Hawaii researchers to conduct a climate change adaptation and policy study. The study was closely tied to a first phase of a sea level rise inundation research project for Honolulu that was being conducted by university scientists. Key visitor industry stakeholders were also invited to participate in a series of statewide workshops conducted by Hawaii Sea Grant to learn more about the projected impacts of climate change. RESULTS: The project produced a report that outlines potential climate adaptation options and provides a method for prioritizing adaptation actions for local decision-makers. It also increased awareness and understanding in visitor industry and government stakeholders statewide about the predicted impacts of climate change on the visitor industry. HTA plans to distribute the findings of the report to decision-makers for policy consideration. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Vibrant, attractive, and sustainable tourism experiences which have the smallest environmental impact. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Hawaii Tourism Authority Hawaii Lodging and Tourism Association UHM College of Social Sciences

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical support in shoreline processes, coastal hazards, and climate adaptation to the County of Maui (Accomplishment-Owens) Primary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities 26

Secondary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided specialized technical expertise in shoreline processes, coastal hazards and climate adaptation to local land use planners that informed land use planning decisionmaking. RELEVANCE: State and county land use planners who administer Hawaii's Coastal Zone Management Program are not trained with specific technical expertise in coastal issues. There is a continuing need for staff in these agencies to have a basic understanding of shoreline processes, coastal hazards, and climate change impacts in order to make informed decisions on land use planning. RESPONSE: Since 1996, Hawaii Sea Grant has been providing specialized technical expertise to the County of Maui Planning Department. Through a partnership with the county, Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Tara Owens was seconded to the planning department and provided a wide range of technical support, project review, and stakeholder coordination activities to planners. The agent also provided regular presentations to decision-makers, planners, and community groups on topics such as climate change impacts and adaptation, coastal hazards, and shoreline processes. RESULTS: In 2012, the agent served as the primary contact for the public on 25 projects by providing consultation on permitting procedures and best managements practices. The agent also advised county shoreline planners on 50 shoreline development applications and gave five presentations to the community that reached over 200 stakeholders. These actions directly reduced the daily workloads of county planners who are typically overburdened with processing permit applications. Another benefit experienced was that projects were streamlined for both planners and applicants since many issues or challenges were identified early and solved up front. Overall, implementation of these best management practices resulted in better land use planning decisions by county planners. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events.

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Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Partners: Maui County County of Maui Planning Department

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant improved coastal hazard management practices in the County of Maui (Accomplishment-Owens) Primary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant created opportunities in the County of Maui for improving hazard resilience to coastal erosion, coastal storms, and sea level rise through funded research projects and policy recommendations. RELEVANCE: Many of Hawaii's coastal communities are located in low-lying coastal areas that are vulnerable to a variety of coastal hazards. In 2003, with guidance from Hawaii Sea Grant, the County of Maui was the first county in the state to adopt erosion-based setbacks for coastal development. The associated shoreline policies recognized the shoreline area as a critical natural resource, and provided a regulatory framework for managing the competing demands of development and natural resources, as well as minimized the impacts from coastal hazards. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Tara Owens consulted with coastal planners to identify funding opportunities for improving community hazard resilience on Maui. Activities involved collaborating with county planners on developing grant proposals that supported research to address this need, as well as re-analyzed existing policies in a modern political, social, and environmental context.

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RESULTS: The agent served as a Principal Investigator on a National Sea Grant Law Centerfunded project that produced a report identifying county-level policy recommendations for regulating development in the shoreline area in the face of sea level rise. The agent was also codeveloper of a county-led proposal that was recently funded by the Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program to support the development of post-disaster reconstruction guidelines and protocols for conservation of coastal resources and protection of coastal communities. Furthermore, the agent continued to provide guidance to coastal planners on the adoption of a second generation Erosion Hazard Atlas, including interpretation of new methods and analysis of potential shoreline setback policies. Associated Goals: Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Effective response to coastal catastrophes. Partners: National Sea Grant Law Center County of Hawaii Planning Department County of Maui

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant provided hazard resilience technical support to the County of Kauai (Accomplishment-Pap) Primary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical assistance to County of Kauai planners for making informed decisions associated with coastal issues on Kauai. RELEVANCE: In recent years, development pressure on Kauai's coast has increased, bringing with it a growing concern on behalf of local communities wanting to ensure preservation of shoreline access and the exceptional quality of coastal natural resources. Kauai's shorelines are vulnerable to a variety of natural hazards, including erosion. Inadequate planning and haphazard

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responses to coastal hazards, such as seawalls and revetments, can damage beaches and other coastal resources. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Ruby Pap, who is seconded to the County of Kauai Planning Department, provided a wide range of technical support to the County of Kauai, including technical assistance on shoreline processes, coastal hazards mitigation, and planning for shoreline development. In this capacity, the agent carried out site visits in response to public, private, and agency requests, as well as provided education and technical assistance to stakeholders for informed decision making. RESULTS: The agent was requested by county planners to provide a technical review of consultant reports on the restoration of Lydgate Pond, a popular swimming place which is suffering from degraded water quality. The input helped clarify the options presented to the county by the consultants and a need for further study. The agent also provided a technical review of design revisions to Wailua beach path that included an analysis of the coastal conditions. The report was used by the county as a reference for another review conducted by the Army Corps of Engineers, and for educating the public and County Council members about the issue. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens. Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Partners: Kauai County Department of Parks and Recreation Kauai County Planning Department Kauai County Department of Public Works

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant provided long term coastal planning support to County of Kauai (Accomplishment-Pap) Primary Focus Area: 30

Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical assistance to the County of Kauai on its Shoreline Setback Ordinance and Subdivision Ordinance to ensure scientific integrity, protection of coastal resources and property, and adequate pedestrian access. RELEVANCE: Hazard resilience and sustainable development in coastal communities often requires long term planning, with policies codified in ordinance. In 2008 the County of Kauai passed a progressive Shoreline Setback Ordinance (SSO) governing development along the coastline. This was an 'interim' measure, pending the final publication of a University of Hawaii coastal erosion study for Kauai. In 2010 the university published the final erosion rates for shorelines on Kauai. The County of Kauai Planning Department expressed a desire for Hawaii Sea Grant assistance in incorporating this study into the SSO, as well as to assist with certain implementation issues. In addition, as part of the county's efforts to implement 'smart growth' principles, the county has been undergoing an effort to update its subdivision ordinance. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Ruby Pap, with assistance from other Hawaii Sea Grant coastal processes faculty reviewed the draft ordinance and provided suggestions for calculating erosion rate-based setbacks. Hawaii Sea Grant also analyzed the ordinance and suggested areas for improvement to ensure protection of coastal resources and property. In addition, the agent provided input on the subdivision ordinance to incorporate pedestrian access. RESULTS: The Planning Department re-drafted the proposed amendments and the Planning Commission approved them in November 2012. Hawaii Sea Grants input improved the ordinances language providing stronger protection and access. An initial hearing was conducted by the County Council in January 2013. Several more hearings are scheduled at a later date. Final adoption of amendments is expected in Spring 2013. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. 31

Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Kauai County Planning Department Kauai County Council

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant educated Kauai community stakeholders on coastal erosion issues (Accomplishment-Pap) Primary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area: RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant raised understanding and awareness in the Kauai community through lectures, radio programs, and videos on coastal erosion issues. RELEVANCE: University researcher Dr. Charles Fletcher identified significant loss of sandy beaches on Oahu, Maui, and Kauai. On Kauai, 71% are eroding and six kilometers of their total extent have been lost since 1927. A key ingredient for addressing these impacts is enhancing community understanding of the science and appropriate management options to protect beaches and property. Kauai's beaches are beloved by the community and a significant economic driver for the tourism industry. There is a strong desire on behalf of the public, media, business, and environmental community to understand what is happening on their beaches and how they can effectively respond. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Ruby Pap, who is based on Kauai, conducted a variety of presentations and interviews on the topic of managing and protecting Kauai's dynamic coastal environment. This outreach included two public library lectures, a talk radio program on Kauai Community Radio (KKCR) program 'Kauai Kai and Wai,' newspaper media interviews, and an interview for a middle school (Chieftess Kamakahelei) documentary. RESULTS: Approximately 60 people were educated at the public lectures. The Hanapepe Library lecture was videotaped by Surfrider and aired several times on local public access 32

television, greatly adding to the numbers that were educated on this issue. The radio program also reached community members island-wide, as well as people on outer islands. The program received several interested callers, which added value to the community conversation. The radio hosts have expressed a desire to do a subsequent program based on community feedback. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Community capacity to prepare for and response to hazardous events. Partners: County of Kauai Planning Department Friends of Hanapepe Public Library Friends of North Shore Public Library Kauai Community Radio (KKCR) Kauai Surfrider Foundation Chieftess Kamakahelei Middle School

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III. Sustainable Coastal Tourism Title: Hawaii Sea Grant educated 766,000 visitors annually on marine resource conservation at the Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve (Accomplishment-Maynard) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Tourism Secondary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant promoted marine resource conservation and stewardship in 766,385 visitors through education and outreach activities associated with its education program at Hanauma Bay. RELEVANCE: The Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve is a popular tourist destination because of its beautiful natural scenery and abundant marine life. In 1967, it became Hawaii's first Marine Life Conservation District and has developed a reputation as one of the premier snorkeling locations in Hawaii. In addition, the bay has also evolved into ideal site to promote marine education and coastal stewardship to tourists, residents, school and community groups. RESPONSE: On behalf of the City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii Sea Grant administered the year-round Hanauma Bay Education Program (HBEP). Hawaii Sea Grant staff and volunteers managed the daily operation of the education program and developed resources that enhanced ocean literacy and marine resource conservation in visitors. They also staffed an information booth on the beach to answer visitor questions and introduced a mandatory orientation film in the theater viewed by all visitors. The film covered topics such as bay formation, important ocean safety information, introduction to some of the marine life they may encounter, and described stewardship actions that visitors can employ to help protect the reef. RESULTS: In 2012, 766,385 tourists and residents were educated by Hawaii Sea Grant on marine resource conservation and stewardship practices that reduced their environmental footprint at Hanauma Bay. HBEP conducted 47 weekly public evening presentations for 1,830 community members. It also hosted 286 school and community groups totaling 7,228 individuals. HBEPs 128 volunteer docents contributed almost 12,000 hours annually. Eighteen school groups participated in service learning activities at the bay. Associated Goals: 34

Vibrant, attractive, and sustainable tourism experiences which have the smallest environmental impact. Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Partners: City and County of Honolulu, Parks and Recreation Department Friends of Hanauma Bay

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant assessed public opinion toward the development of seawater air conditioning in Waikiki (Accomplishment-Lilley) Primary Focus Area: Sustainable Tourism Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant undertook sociological research to examine public knowledge of seawater air conditioning and assess attitudes toward the installation of such a system in Waikiki. RELEVANCE: Seawater air conditioning (SWAC) harnesses the cooling properties of cold seawater to provide cool air for hotels and other large buildings, thereby reducing the amount of electricity used for air conditioning purposes. SWAC is particularly relevant to Hawaii for two reasons: first, the proximity of deep, cold, ocean water to areas of high population make Hawaii an obvious location for implementing the technology; and secondly, with approximately 90 percent of its electricity generated from fossil fuels, Hawaii is the most fossil fuel dependent state in the nation. Hawaii relies heavily on residual fuel oil (the by-product of refining crude oil for jet fuel, gasoline, and other distillates) for electricity generation and, as a result, has very high electricity prices compared to the rest of the country. SWAC has the potential to both cut the cost of air conditioning and reduce the amount of harmful emissions that are released as a by-product of generating electricity from fossil fuels. RESPONSE: Working with colleagues in the College of Social Sciences and the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology at the University of Hawaii, Hawaii Sea Grant examined potential economic, environmental, and societal impacts of installing a SWAC system 35

in Waikiki. We conducted interviews with key stakeholders, implemented a 2,000-person mail survey, and held public and stakeholder meetings to present our findings. RESULTS: Hotel operators and university researchers have a solid understanding of public interest in, and concerns about, the installation of a seawater air conditioning system in Waikiki. Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. A financially competitive and environmentally responsible visitor industry. Vibrant, attractive, and sustainable tourism experiences which have the smallest environmental impact. Partners: University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (UHM) University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Social Sciences Hawaii Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant completed its inaugural Sustainable Coastal Tourism Fellowship Program (Accomplishment-Konan) Primary focus area: Sustainable Tourism Secondary focus area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Four University of Hawaii faculty who participated in Hawaii Sea Grants first Sustainable Coastal Tourism Fellowship Program conducted research to identify a set of valid, reliable, and regularly updated indicators that could be used to monitor tourism sustainability in Hawaii. RELEVANCE: While the University of Hawaii possesses the scholarly expertise, capacity, and capability to assess, and inform solutions to address, complex issues facing tourism in Hawaii,

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there have been few incentives to do so. The visitor industry would benefit greatly from university research that is focused on critical issues confronting tourism in the state. RESPONSE: The Sustainable Coastal Tourism Fellowship Program, a project of Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Sustainable Coastal Tourism, recently completed its work. The program was funded by Ernest Nishizaki, President of Kyo-ya Hotels and Resorts, with matching funds from Hawaii Sea Grant. The inaugural fellows were Drs. Dan Spencer, Travel Industry Management; Kim Burnett, Economics; David Karl, Oceanography; and Jon Osorio, Hawaiian Studies. RESULTS: The fellows identified a set of valid, reliable, and regularly updated indicators that could be used to monitor tourism sustainability in Hawaii and documented trends in these indicators. Their research revealed that sustainability was highest on Hawaii Island, lower on Maui, Kauai, and Molokai, and lowest on Lanai and Oahu; none of the islands tourism sustainability indicators fluctuated dramatically in recent years. Evidence of neither significant progress nor failure in achieving sustainable tourism in Hawaii emerged, but on balance the analysis suggested a gradual deterioration in the sustainability of tourism in the state. Thus, tourism in Hawaii may not be in crisis but it does appear to be in trouble. The fellows developed a report to share their findings with the states visitor industry and included recommendations to consider. Associated goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. A financially competitive and environmentally responsible visitor industry. Vibrant, attractive, and sustainable tourism experiences which have the smallest environmental impact. Partners: Ernest Nishizaki, President of Kyo-ya Hotels and Resorts University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Social Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa Hawaiinuiakea School of Hawaiian Knowledge University of Hawaii at Manoa, Travel Industry Management University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology

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IV. Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Title: Hawaii Sea Grant promoted dune restoration, protection, and awareness efforts on Maui (Accomplishments-Owens) Primary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant promoted and coordinated a sustained program of coastal sand dune restoration on Maui for coastal hazard mitigation, beach protection, and coastal natural resource and habitat protection. RELEVANCE: Coastal dunes on Maui have suffered from degradation due to improper development practices and recreational use. Healthy dunes are critical for coastal hazard mitigation, beach protection, and coastal natural resource and habitat protection. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Tara Owens has been working with community groups, county and state government agencies, and individuals to improve management and protection of coastal dunes on Maui. RESULTS: The agent coordinated efforts with the County of Maui Parks and Recreation Department and volunteer groups to establish best practices for dune management and assisted with county permitting procedures for all aspects of dune restoration work. One goal of the dune restoration program was to reduce damage from human traffic by providing designated pathways for access to the beach. Incorporating elevated walkovers on dunes is proving to be a good management option that still allows visitor access while minimizing degradation of the dunes. To date, this extensive and long-term County of Maui program to restore acres of degraded dunes on Maui has been very successful. Associated Goals: Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens.

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Partners: Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) County of Maui Office of the Mayor County of Maui Planning Department Maui Nui Marine Resource Council Napili Bay and Beach Foundation

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical assistance on wetland restoration associated with a hotel resort development project on Kauai (Impact-Asquith) Primary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant provided science-based information to Ohana Real Estate Investors that resulted in changes to their initial draft development plan that now reflects a more appropriate and sustainable project that all project partners approved. RELEVANCE: As part of its development plans for its Hanalei Plantation property, Ohana Real Estate Investors (OREI) has committed to utilizing science-based restoration and management for the Kamoomaikai fishpond on its property. OREI is proposing to build a hotel and residential project on an approximately 63.6-acre site near Hanalei Bay, Kauai. The project is proposed to include a total of 120 transient accommodation units consisting of 34 single-family residential lots and a low-density hotel development comprised of 86 cottage units; and amenities including a restaurant, meeting facility, spa, and pool area; and enhancement of the fish pond. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical support to OREI that will help guide and achieve restoration of the fishpond by maximizing the ecosystem, cultural, and social values of the resource. Extension specialist Adam Asquith acquired and collated existing data on hydrology, palynology, biology, water quality, archaeology, cultural significance, and community perspectives. The data gathered is being used to develop and/or review a restoration and management plan for the fishpond. RESULTS: The specialist, who was brought onto the project in mid-summer 2012, participated in all OREI planning meetings, reviewed all documents and data, and conducted several site 39

visits at the property. As a result of his efforts, OREI decided to change its initial draft development plan to reflect a more appropriate and sustainable project that has been approved by its partners. Hawaii Sea Grant was also asked by OREI to develop a curriculum for field trips associated with the fish pond. Associated Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: Ohana Real Estate Investors

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported teacher workforce development through its Teaching Science Through Inquiry professional development courses (Impact-Seraphin) Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Since 2009, Hawaii Sea Grant has been providing professional development for middle and high school teachers to improve their science teaching pedagogical knowledge and aquatic science content knowledge through its Teaching Science Through Inquiry courses. RELEVANCE: There is a tremendous need for a scientifically and technologically literate U.S. citizenry. However, effective science instruction is compromised by teachers who lack experience with or understanding of scientific disciplines but are still expected to facilitate inquiry-based scientific research with their students. RESPONSE: To address this need, Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Marine Science Education (CMSE) initiated a state-wide series of Teaching Science Through Inquiry Aquatic (TSI) professional development courses in 2009. The success of these courses led to a Teacher Quality grant from the US Department of Education to develop a four-part series of professional development institutes for middle and high school teachers to improve their science teaching 40

pedagogical knowledge and aquatic science content knowledge. This project, which started in 2010, was based on the TSI Aquatic module developed at the University of Hawaii Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG). The TSI Aquatic project included deliverables such as professional development for teachers, utilizing online learning communities, and an evaluation component for middle and high school teachers. RESULTS: To date, 47 teachers from Oahu, Maui, Kauai and Hawaii Island have received professional development training through the TSI-Aquatic courses. In spring 2012, 31 additional teachers from Oahu and Kauai participated as our fourth and fifth cohorts. These teachers implemented the teaching of TSI curricular in their classrooms following their training over the course of a year. Evaluation data indicated that there was a significant increase in learning in students and teachers as a result of the TSI training. Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Partners: NOAA Pacific Services Center US Department of Education, Institute for Education Science University of Hawaii at Manoa, Curriculum Research & Development Group University of Hawaii College of Education

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant involved in the development of a middle and high school science-based curriculum (Accomplishment-Seraphin) Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant is developing an Exploring our Fluid Earth curriculum in partnership with the University of Hawaiis Curriculum Research & Development Group and NOAA that focuses on the biology, physics, chemistry, geology, and ecology of aquatic systems and is serving as the content base and support materials for teachers participating in our Teaching Science as Inquiry professional development courses. RELEVANCE: Ocean and aquatic sciences are among the most underrepresented disciplines in K-12 curricula. Even in Hawaii, where the ocean is a daily part of life and traditional knowledge 41

practices recognize the need to protect the connection between the land and sea, traditional knowledge is rarely connected to learning in schools. RESPONSE: In 2010, the NOAA Pacific Services Center, University of Hawaii Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG) and Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Marine Science Education (CMSE) formed a partnership to develop an online middle and high school level, science-based curriculum in coastal and ocean sciences in Hawaii. Named Exploring our Fluid Earth (EOFE), the curriculum focuses on the biology, physics, chemistry, geology, and ecology of aquatic systems. This curriculum is serving as the content base as well as support materials for teachers engaged in our Teaching Science as Inquiry (TSI) professional development courses. The teachers have been providing feedback on the curriculum and online navigation. RESULTS: In 2012, CMSE continued development of the curriculum and website through testing with teachers participating in TSI. Preliminary findings suggest positive gains in teachers understanding and implementation of inquiry-based science teaching in the classroom. Teachers inquiry teaching pre-post gain was significant as were pre-post gains on the Pedagogical Content Knowledge Scale and on the Self-Efficacy Scale. In addition, pre-post results across all TSI modules increased from 62-71% of total scores to 72-82%. Students also showed improvements in scientific process knowledge. Teachers also reported that TSI provided very helpful tools and approaches for teaching and learning the scientific process. Partners: NOAA Pacific Services Center US Department of Education, Institute for Education Science UHM Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG) UHM College of Education Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment.

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported the development of a Voice of the Sea television show (Accomplishment-Seraphin) Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems

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RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant is collaborating with the University of Hawaiis Curriculum Research & Development Group and NOAA on the development of a Voice of the Sea public outreach television show that will expose viewers to ocean science issues with episodes aligning to and supplemented by the Exploring Our Fluid Earth online curricular materials.

RELEVANCE: There is a need in Hawaii and the Pacific region to increase stakeholder understanding and awareness of local marine and coastal issues as well as showcase a variety of careers associated with the ocean sciences. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant in collaboration with the University of Hawaiis Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG) and NOAA is producing a television show entitled Voice of the Sea (VOS) that will expose viewers to ocean science issues and research pertaining to Hawaii and the Pacific region. Episodes will be aligned to and are supplemented by the Exploring Our Fluid Earth (EOFE) online curricular materials being developed by Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Marine Science Education. The show will profile scientists and other professionals in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) careers. VOS will begin airing statewide in Hawaii in 2013. RESULTS: Since 2011, 73 scientists and professionals have been interviewed for VOS. Episodes and promotional pieces already developed for the show have been shown at many conferences and outreach events. A description, PDF flyer, 30-second commercial, and 3-minute promo for VOS can be found at http://mse.seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu/voice-sea, or link to the 3-minute promo directly at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAYYnbAEoh0. Partners: NOAA Pacific Services Center UHM College of Education UHM Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG) Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment.

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported marine education activities through the Center for Ocean Science Education ExcellenceIsland Earth initiative. (Accomplishment-Seraphin) 43

Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant supported marine education activities associated with the Center for Ocean Science Education ExcellenceIsland Earth initiative, which is part of a national network of National Science Foundation-supported COSEE centers that advances understanding and stewardship of ocean environments through the latest scientific research and technology as well as the cultural contexts of learners. RELEVANCE: The National Science Foundation-sponsored Center for Ocean Science Education ExcellenceIsland Earth (COSEE IE) initiative expanded upon the work begun under the Pacific Ocean Literacy for Youth, Publics, Professionals and Scientists collaboration with COSEE California. For both projects, Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Marine Science Education Director served as a Co-Principal Investigator along with partners including the University of Hawaiis School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG), Maui College, and Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB). The central premise of COSEE IE is, that in order to advance understanding and encourage stewardship of ocean environments, science education must draw not only from the newest research in modern science and technology but also from the cultural contexts of the learners. RESPONSE: COSEE IE began at the end of 2011 and worked with the existing COSEE network to address the challenges of increasing our citizens ocean literacy. As its over-arching goal, the Hawaii COSEE partnership built a collaborative network that connected ocean research and teaching with traditional knowledge in order to facilitate active engagement in stewardship by all ocean users. RESULTS: To date, the range of COSEE IE programs (http://www.cosee-ie.net/programs) developed and offered include: 1) seaHarmony, an online collaboration network connecting ocean scientists, formal or informal educators, and organizations, 2) Communicating Ocean Sciences university courses, 3) Journalist at Sea, 4) Ocean Awareness Training for the public, 5) Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge, 6) All Things Marine Radio Show, and 7) Hawaii Science. Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. 44

Partners: UHM School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology UH Maui Community College Maui Digital Bus, Alakaina Foundation UHM College of Education UHM Curriculum Research & Development Group (CRDG) National Science Foundation COSEE California

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant provided technical assistance on the Kailua beach park stream mouth and dune maintenance project (Accomplishment-Romine) Primary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant supported improvements to the stream mouth and dune ecosystem resources at Kailua beach park through technical support provided to the state and county. RELEVANCE: Kailua Beach park on the island of Oahu is popular county park that is heavily utilized by residents and tourists. The park is experiencing a long-term trend of beach erosion, compounded by episodic erosion, which has degraded the dunes and beach and threatens park infrastructure. Historically, sand from the beach has filled the Kaelepulu Stream mouth located within the park, causing the backed-up stream water to become anoxic and hazardous to wildlife and humans. RESPONSE: The Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (OCCL) takes an interest in all matters related to public beaches and sand management in Hawaii. Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Bradley Romine, who is seconded to OCCL, provided scientific, technical, and outreach support to OCCL and County Parks Department on the stream clearing and dune rehabilitation efforts at Kailua beach park. The agent conducted site visits, designed plans for optimal placement of sand in dunes, and assisted in overseeing dune rehabilitation operations with park staff in March 2012. 45

RESULTS: Count park staff cleared approximately 500 square meters of the Kaelepulu Stream mouth which was blocking stream mouth flow, degrading water quality and the stream mouth ecosystem. The county also rehabilitated approximately 400 meters of the beach-front dune along the Kailua beach park by adding an average of approximately five meters of dune width along the front of the dune, improving the dune ecosystem and public beach. Hawaii Sea Grant continues to work with the county on necessary repeated sand back-passing efforts at the park. Associated Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Healthy coastal economies that include an abundance of recreation and tourism opportunities, and coastal access for all citizens. Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Partners: Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) US Army Corps of Engineers (DOD, Army, USACE) Honolulu City & County Department of Parks and Recreation

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant participated in an Ocean Awareness Training event to educate participants about coastal hazards issues in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Romine) Primary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Secondary Focus Area: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant increased participant understanding of coastal hazards in Hawaii through an Ocean Awareness Training course. RELEVANCE: Marine conservation organizations on the islands of Oahu and Maui have joined forces to provide an Ocean Awareness Training (OAT) course for the public. The course provides multi-disciplinary knowledge of Hawaiis unique marine environment on topics such as marine ecology of the Hawaiian Islands, protected species, threats to coastal and marine environments, marine life identification, etc. Participants learn about current ocean conservation 46

efforts and opportunities to get involved. Instructors include university scientists, government agency staff, environmental educators, and conservation practitioners. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Bradley Romine was invited to serve as an instructor at the November 2012 OAT course. The agent provided a one hour lecture on coastal and climate hazards in Hawaii to participants. RESULTS: Thirty-six local residents and volunteers with local non-profit and government agencies increased their understanding and awareness of existing coastal hazard-related data and resources. They have a better understanding of the processes that produce natural hazards and climate change and are educated about the implications of those events on their properties and communities. Associated Goals: Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Partners: Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (US DOC, NOAA)

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported an online volunteer effort to typescript and share16,000 pages of Hawaiian language newspapers via the web (IMPACT-Okimoto/Maynard) Primary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Secondary Focus Area: RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant supported Awaiaulus volunteer initiative to typescript and share 16,000 pages of Hawaiian language newspapers for interested stakeholders through the web. RELEVANCE: Over 125,000 pages of Hawaiian-language newspapers were printed in more than a hundred different papers from 1834 to 1948. They equal a million or more typescript 47

pages of text-apparently the largest native-language cache in the western world. The newspapers became an intentional repository of knowledge, opinion and historical progress as Hawaii moved through kingdom, constitutional monarchy, republic and territory, yet only 2% of that repository has been integrated into our English-speaking world today. RESPONSE: Ike KokoaLiberating Knowledge is a Hawaiian-newspaper initiative conducted by the non-profit Awaiaulu which utilized an army of volunteers world-wide to transcribe digital scans of Hawaiian-language newspapers into searchable typescript. Of the 125,000 pages originally published, 75,000 have been found and made into digital images, and 15,000 of those images have been typescripted by OCR or manually. Sixty thousand pages remain in hand, yet unsearchable. Since 2003, Hawaii Sea Grant has been collaborating with Awaiaulu on making these articles available to the public and also co-sponsored the project; we also provided a graduate research assistantship position to staff this effort. RESULTS: Ike Kokoa was initiated on November 28, 2011 and was successfully completed a year later. Centered in Hawaii, the initiative engaged over 3,000 volunteers and connected people from all over the world in a united, collaborative endeavor from eight countries, across the U.S., and throughout the island chain. All 16,000 pages have been uploaded to the internet at www.papakilodatabase.com. Hawaii Sea Grant staff and volunteers contributed a total of 189 pages. Associated Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Partners: Awaiaulu School of Hawaiian Knowledge, University of Hawaii at Manoa University of Hawaii at Manoa, Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research

Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported a community-based restoration initiative in the Waikiki Marine Life Conservation District (Accomplishment-Barrett) RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant promoted marine conservation through education in Waikiki by expanding its Reef Watch Waikiki Program to include a citizen science coral reef monitoring effort.

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RELEVANCE: The long-term goal of the Waikk Ecosystem Restoration Project, which was launched by the Hawaii Sea Grant in 2008, is to develop a community-based education and coastal monitoring program that inspires and facilitates community stewardship of Waikiki and leads to improved vitality of Waikikis coastal and marine environment. RESPONSE: To meet this goal, Hawaii Sea Grant established a community-based program entitled Reef Watch Waikiki to inspire and facilitate community stewardship within the ahupuaa (watershed) of Waikiki. Hawaii Sea Grant staff established a network of dedicated community supporters who actively participated in trainings, workshops, and educational events that educated and involved the diverse community of Waikiki in natural resource monitoring efforts. RESULTS: Hawaii Sea Grant launched, as part of Reef Watch Waikikis community outreach activities, two new volunteer efforts, Fish Watch (fish surveys) and Coral and Limu Watch (benthic habitat surveys), which attracted a core group of committed volunteers and interns. Fish Watch volunteers learned how to identify reef fish and conducted snorkel surveys to count and record the types and abundance of fish in Waikiki using REEF (Reef Environmental Education Foundation) methods. In 2012, our staff offered 12 fish identification classes to a total of 64 community members, of which 50 also participated in the snorkeling surveys. Reef Watch Waikiki staff and volunteers conducted 24 benthic monitoring surveys and 12 coral monitoring surveys in Waikiki's Marine Life Conservation District (MLCD) or marine protected area. An extensive data set was compiled for both benthic biodiversity and the coral size and frequency surveys in Microsoft Excel format. Twenty two randomly selected sights within the Waikiki MLCD were sampled, producing over 1,100 data points. All data from gathered using the Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF) fish identification surveys were submitted to the REEF online database (http://www.reef.org/data/data.htm). Associated Goals: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Restored function and productivity of degraded ecosystems. Partners: National Association of Counties NOAA Pacific Islands Regional Office Waikiki Improvement Association Waikiki Aquarium, University of Hawaii at Manoa Hyatt Regency Waikiki

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V. Safe and Sustainable Seafood Supply Title: Hawaii Sea Grant supported efforts to overcome legal obstacles to bivalve culture in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Haws and Howerton) Primary Focus Area: Safe and Sustainable Seafood Supply Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant, Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture and Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center contributed to the beginning of shellfish growing grounds classification which has opened the door to establishing a shellfish industry in Hawaii for the first time in 20 years. RELEVANCE: Developing a commercial bivalve industry in Hawaii will contribute to local food sustainability and security. The state has not had a bivalve industry for over 20 years due to legal impediments related to growing grounds classification. Hawaii currently imports approximately 400,000 oysters per month and it is hoped the new industry can replace some of the imports. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant and Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center aquaculture extension specialists organized a State Shellfish Working Group in 2007 that urged the Hawaii Department of Health to begin classifying shellfish growing grounds statewide. The specialists also conducted preliminary water quality sampling at Hawaiian fish ponds, as well as provided extension assistance and training to help bivalve producers understand shellfish sanitation procedures. RESULTS: Hawaii Department of Health initiated water quality sampling in July 2012 for two potential grow out sites at Hawaiian fish ponds and began certifying their laboratories on three islands to also allow for neighboring island grow out sites to begin the classification process. Associated Goals: A sustainable supply of safe seafood to meet public demand. A healthy domestic seafood industry that harvests, produces, processes, and markets seafood responsibly and efficiently.

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Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: UH Hilo Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture Hawaii Shellfish LLC Pae Pae `O He`eia Hawaiian Learning Center Hawaii Department of Health

Title: Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Sustainable Aquaculture conducted research to overcome biological and technical unknowns to establish bivalve culture in Hawaii (AccomplishmentHaws) Primary Focus Area: Safe and Sustainable Seafood Supply Secondary Focus Area: Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: The Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center, which serves as Hawaii Sea Grants Center for Sustainable Aquaculture, conducted research to identify the best methods and technologies for bivalve culture under Hawaiis environmental conditions. RELEVANCE: Hawaii has not had a commercial bivalve culture industry for over 20 years although three large hatcheries are present in the state. Now that the legal obstacles have been partially overcome, there is a need to conduct collaborative research to determine the best methods and technologies for growing bivalves in the unique semi-tropical conditions. RESPONSE: In 2010, Hawaii Sea Grant established a Center for Sustainable Aquaculture in partnership with the Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center (PACRC) at the

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University of Hawaii at Hilo. PACRC contains a bivalve hatchery which makes it an idea facility to address bivalve research needs. RESULTS: PACRC staff conducted preliminary spawning trials to determine the best strains of oyster to grow in Hawaii and developed native Hawaii species of bivalve for aquaculture. They also developed the first photovoltaic floating upwelling system (FLUPSY) for Hawaii and successfully demonstrated its operation in two Hawaiian fish ponds. Shellfish producers can now produce their own bivalve seed on site, which reduces their costs. PACRC staff also conducted research that provided the functional basis for new commercial oyster hatchery in East Hawaii and is currently examining the use of oyster quality for water quality mitigation in open waters in Hawaii. Associated Goals: A sustainable supply of safe seafood to meet public demand. A healthy domestic seafood industry that harvests, produces, processes, and markets seafood responsibly and efficiently. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Partners: Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture County of Hawaii Hawaii Department of Health Pae Pae `O He`eia Hawaiian Learning Center Hawaii Shellfish LLC Title: Hawaii Sea Grant increased stakeholder awareness and understanding of the bonefish fishery in Hawaii (Accomplishment-Harding) Primary focus area: Safe and sustainable seafood supply Secondary focus area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant conducted research and outreach activities to gather important biological data on bonefish and disseminated that information to stakeholders through participation in community events and fishing tournaments. 52

RELEVANCE: Saltwater fishing is a popular recreational activity in Hawaii. One of the highly prized recreational and subsistence inshore species is the bonefish or io. The bonefish fishery is Hawaii has shown dramatic declines in commercial catch over the past decades. The fishery and life-history information for effective management of the two species of bonefish in Hawaii is lacking. RESPONSE: With funding from the Harold KL Castle Foundation and NOAA Pacific Islands Regional Office, Hawaii Sea Grant partnered with the Hawaii Cooperative Fisheries Research Unit to conduct an angler-based tagging program to elucidate the basic life-history characteristics of Hawaiian bonefishes and disseminate that information through education and outreach activities that raised awareness and understanding of bonefish biology and the fishery. RESULTS: Hawaii Sea Grant Fisheries Extension Agent Kimberlee Harding and staff disseminated information about bonefish biology and the fishery to stakeholders at two fishingrelated community events and three fishing tournament that attracted 75 fishers who participated in bonefish tagging contests. Sixy new volunteers were recruited in 2012 for bonefish tagging project raising the total pool to a little over 400 fishers. The agent and staff also collected biological samples at these fishing tournaments which reduced staff time needed to collect fish in the field and also reduced the number of fish that that would have been sacrificed for life history studies. Taken together, these research and outreach activities have made an important contribution towards the management and conservation of the bonefish fishery in Hawaii. Associated Goals: A sustainable supply of safe seafood to meet public demand. Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Partners: Hawaii Cooperative Fisheries Research Unit Harold KL Castle Foundation NOAA Pacific Islands Regional Office UH Foundation (Richard Gushman)

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Title Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms supported outreach efforts in the Pacific region. (Accomplishment) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area Recap Hawaii Sea Grant increased stakeholder awareness of coastal hazard resilience through outreach efforts in the Pacific region through its coastal storms program. RELEVANCE: Coastal communities in the Pacific region are vulnerable to a wide variety of coastal hazards. Sea-level rise, increasing water temperatures, rising storm intensity, coastal inundation and flooding from extreme events are among the threats that endanger the ecosystems that provide safety, sustenance, economic viability, and cultural and traditional values to island communities. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Dolan Eversole, who serves as the NOAA Pacific Coastal Storms Program Coordinator, established an advisory committee in coordination with the Pacific Risk Management Ohana (PRiMO). PRiMO is a regional network of partners who work through partnerships to improve coordination, build regional capacity in risk management, and strengthen and sustain hazard-resilient communities in the Pacific. RESULTS: The advisory committee provided broad programmatic and regional advice on the core mission and direction of the program. This advice included conducting climate and hazard workshops with partners that increased stakeholder awareness of coastal hazards and sea level rise. In the case of Hawaii and Saipan, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands helped foster the establishment of special inter-agency committees for climate adaptation and hazards. Associated Goals Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Partners National Sea Grant Office (US DOC, NOAA, OAR, NSGO) NOAA Coastal Storms Program NOAA Coastal Services Center

Title Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program: Honolulu sea level rise risk and vulnerability assessment study. (Accomplishment) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities

Secondary Focus Area: Recap Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program partnered with University of Hawaii researchers to conduct a sea level rise risk and vulnerability assessment study for Honolulu. RELEVANCE: Coastal communities in Hawaii are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of sea-level rise due to the low-lying elevations, vulnerability to rainfall variability and cyclone intensity/frequency and fragile infrastructure and economies. RESPONSE: With funding from the NOAA Coastal Storms Program, Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms collaborated with the University of Hawaii researchers to conduct a sea level rise risk and vulnerability study for Honolulu. The study assessed and mapped the potential inundation zone in urban corridor of Honolulu due to sea-level rise. Tsunami and hurricane inundation were also examined as well as the combined effects of sea level rise and these coastal hazards. Economic impacts of critical facilities located in the identified inundation zone were also considered. RESULTS: The study is in the final phase of development with the mapping phase completed. The maps and final study will be provided to local decision makers and stakeholders for consideration in land use planning. Hawaii Sea Grant is also working with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to develop specific guidance on redesigning storm water and sewage drainage systems in the affected locales as they are prime areas for redevelopment. Associated Goals Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Effective response to coastal catastrophes. Partners University of Hawaii (UH) University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Urban and Regional Planning (UHM) University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Geology and Geophysics (UHM) University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Ocean Resource Engineering NOAA Pacific Services Center (PSC) National Disaster Preparedness Training Center (NDPTC) NOAA Coastal Storms Program NOAA Coastal Services Center

Title Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storm Program supported a sea level rise mapping project for Hawaii. (Accomplishment) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area

Recap Sea level rise inundation maps are being produced for all the coastlines in the State of Hawaii through a partnership between Hawaii Sea Grant, NOAA Coastal Services Center and Pacific Services Center, US Army Corp of Engineers, state agencies, and the University of Hawaii. RELEVANCE: As rising sea levels encroach on coastal communities, new plans and policies, such minimum elevation construction requirements for coastal homes and businesses, need to be developed. For example, the consideration of additional freeboard above established elevations as a buffer to increased inundation risk. One of the first steps in the sea level rise planning process is to map the inundation from sea level rise in order to give it spatial context. RESPONSE: The NOAA Coastal Services Center (CSC) developed a digital coast sea level rise and coastal flooding impacts viewer (SLR viewer) that provides risk and hazard mapping capability via an online web mapping service. Through a partnership with the Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program, NOAA Coastal Storms Program, state planning and natural resource management agencies, US Army Corp of Engineers, and University of Hawaii, NOAA CSC recently expanded the coverage of the sea level rise viewer to include coastal counties in Hawaii, Guam and Saipan, as well as California, Oregon, and Washington. RESULTS: Sea level rise inundation maps are being produced for all the coastlines in the state of Hawaii. These maps will depict areas vulnerable to coastal inundation and flooding and have great utility for application to local planning and land use. As part of this initiative there have been repeated efforts to establish a state planning benchmark for sea-level rise as a way to adopt early planning for sea level rise and related inundation hazards. Associated Goals Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events Effective response to coastal catastrophes Partners Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) Hawaii Office of Planning University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (UHM) US Army Corps of Engineers (DOD, Army, USACE) NOAA Pacific Services Center (PSC) NOAA Coastal Storms Program Title Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program administered $1.0 million in small grants to the Pacific region. (Accomplishment) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area Sustainable Coastal Development

Recap Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program awarded $1.0 million in federal grant funds through a request for proposals process to implement seven Pacific Islands coastal community resilience projects. RELEVANCE: Island communities in the Pacific region are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of coastal hazards, sea level rise, increasing water temperatures, rising storm intensity, coastal inundation and flooding from extreme events. RESPONSE: In 2012, Hawaii Sea Grants Pacific Islands Coastal Storms Program administered a request for proposals process to distribute $1.0 million in NOAA grant funds for 2013-2015. RESULTS: Seven projects were selected for funding. The two year projects will take place in Hawaii, Guam, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia and range in scope from atmospheric and weather modeling and observation, geospatial data hosting and serving to community resilience training, disaster recovery planning, and coastal hazard mitigation and education. Once completed, these projects will have a wide suite of impacts at the local and regional level to make Pacific Island communities safer and more resilient to coastal hazards and climate change. Associated Goals Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Effective response to coastal catastrophes. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex inter-relationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Partners: NOAA Coastal Storms Program NOAA Coastal Services Center

Note: put in request to PIER on 2/15/13 to add partners highlighted in yellow below. Follow up action: go back to this project and add partners highlighted in yellow. FOCUS AREA: SCD GOALS: Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex inter-relationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance the multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. PARTNERS: The University of Hawaii at Manoa, NOAA - National Sea Grant College Program, NOAA - Pacific Services Center, EPA - Office of Sustainable Communities, Smart Growth America, American Planning Association - Hawaii, and 'Olelo Community Media TITLE: The Hawaii Coastal Community Sustainability Initiative (Accomplishment) RELEVANCE - Public officials understanding of the complex issues that go into community planning decisions is an important underpinning for building long-term sustainable coastal communities. In Hawaii, an island state with limited land and scarce resources, developing sustainable approaches is critical for preserving both a quality of life and our economic and natural resources. RESPONSE - In 2012, the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program, organized and sponsored a major conference on the principles and practices of smart growth. Nationally recognizes leaders in the fields of community and transportation planning, affordable housing, building design, environmental planning, and city and county planning administration came to Hawaii to share their expertise. The target audience included state, city, and county planning officials, major land owners, developers, environmental groups, tourism officials, and citizens from across the state. Major issues related to increased urbanization, implementation of the new light rail system, affordable housing for workers in the tourism industry, water quality, and the impacts of climate change and coastal hazards were thoroughly discussed. RESULTS - The conference resulted in educating a new generation of Hawaii decision makers; promoting better understanding of the benefits of smart growth. A specific result was an agreement between city and county planning officials and a major state land owner to work together, along with Sea Grant and the university, on an important planning effort involving the McCully-Moiliili area near the University of Hawaii at Manoa campus. RECAP - Smart Growth conference in Hawaii results in decision to elevate community planning efforts for a major urban area of Oahu that will be impacted by transit-oriented development.

Primary Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Goals: 1. Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. 2. Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Secondary Focus Areas: Sustainable Coastal Development 1. Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. 2. Coastal citizens, community leaders, and industries that recognize the complex interrelationships between social, economic and environmental values in coastal areas and work together to balance multiple uses and optimize environmental sustainability. Safe and Sustainable Seafood Supply 1. A sustainable supply of safe seafood to meet public demand. Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities 1. Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Sustainable Tourism 1. Vibrant, attractive, and sustainable tourism experiences which have the smallest environmental impact. Partners: College of the Marshall Islands, University of Hawaii at Hilo Pacific Aquaculture and Coastal Resources Center, Marine Education and Research Institute of Pohnpei, Conservation Society of Pohnpei, Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System, University of Guam, American Samoa Community College, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Coastal Resources Management Office, Palau Automated Land and Resource Information System Title: 2012 Update for Insular Pacific Regional Research, Information Planning and Coordination (Accomplishment) RELEVANCE: Several years ago, NOAA initiated a program to identify the ocean research and information needs in each of the nations major coastal ecoregion to support the new national policy objectives. The Insular Pacific is one such region formally identified by NOAA and includes the state of Hawaii, the territories of American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, as well as the freely-associated states of the Republic of Palau, the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

RESPONSE: In 2006, the NOAA National Sea Grant Office charged Hawaii Sea Grant with developing and implementing a plan to identify the ocean research priorities for the Insular Pacific region. Hawaii Sea Grant developed the plan by utilizing local partners and by facilitated discussions among a broad range of Insular Pacific stakeholders. The input helped identify and prioritize critical research and information needs necessary for the development of practical solutions that addressed resource management problems in each place. RESULTS: Hawaii Sea Grant published the regional research needs report entitled "Research Priorities in the Insular Pacific: Transforming Research into Regional Management in June 2012 and formally submitted to NOAA and made available to Pacific region stakeholders. The Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program, which is part of the State of Hawaii Office of Planning, utilized the priority research needs identified for the state in updating its Ocean Resources Management Plan. The year-long process was initiated in early 2012 and ended in January of 2013. RECAP Hawaii Sea Grant developed a plan to identify the ocean research and information needs for the Insular Pacific region to inform marine and coastal resource management decision-making.

NOTE: Organizations requested to add to PIER shown in yellow highlight. Follow up: to add these partners once request is done by NSGO. PROGRESS REPORT Personnel: Francis Leiato -- AA (2008) Publication: Dominy, W, L Hansink, L Conquest, W Kashiwa, G Nague, D Okimoto, E Temple, and F Leiato. 2012. Manufacturing Tilapia Feed: A Manual Using Local Feedstuff Resources for Fish Farming in American Samoa. http://www.ctsa.org/index.php/publications/ctsa_publications1: Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture. Published Title Hawaii Sea Grant secured a long-term supply of donated fish meal for high quality fish feeds production. (Impact) Primary Focus Area Sustainable and Safe Seafood Supply Recap Hawaii Sea Grant and partners secured a long-term agreement from StarKist Samoa to supply fish meal at no cost to support local feeds production in American Samoa. Relevance, Response, Results RELEVANCE: The lack of a consistent supply of ingredients (e.g., fish meal) needed for producing a local fish feed is a major concern expressed by fish farmers in American Samoa. Importing commercial feeds is not economically viable due to high shipping and feed costs. Not having a locally produced feed is a major bottle neck in growing the local aquaculture industry. RESPONSE: Over the past 10 years, Hawaii Sea Grant has been working with fish feed experts from the Oceanic Institute, Auburn University, and University of Hawaii to develop fish feed recipes that utilize locally-sourced ingredients. These experts also provided technical guidance to Hawaii Sea Grant staff in establishing a feeds production facility at the college that is being utilized by fish farmers. The Samoa Family Sunfish Cooperative, a non-profit composed of tilapia farmers, has also been supporting this effort. Starkist Samoa, a local tuna cannery, agreed to donate a one year trial of fish meal to the college to support local feeds production. RESULTS: The one year trial of free fish meal donated from StarKist Samoa recently ended. Hawaii Sea Grant worked with one of the fish farmers to conduct grow out trials of the fish meal-based feed and tripled his annual production of tilapia. His success resulted in StarKist

Samoa management making a commitment to supply free fish meal to the college indefinitely for feeds production. This commitment in turn has reduced the colleges costs of producing a highquality fish feed by more than one half. Associated Goals A sustainable supply of safe seafood to meet public demand. Partners Auburn University American Samoa Community College Oceanic Institute Samoa Family Sunfish Cooperative Starkist Samoa University of Hawaii -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Title Hawaii Sea Grant supported workforce development through a coral reef monitoring training course offered by the colleges Marine Science Program. (Impact) Primary Focus Area HEALTHY COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS Secondary Focus Area Recap Hawaii Sea Grant partnered with the college to offer a training course that produces 12 participants who are versed in underwater surveying and are pursuing educational and employment opportunities in marine resource management. Relevance, Response, Results RELEVANCE: In American Samoa, there is a high need for trained specialists in marine resource management agencies. Students graduating from the college are often forced to seek higher education opportunities off island in order to meet the requirements to qualify for these professions. One strategy agencies employ to address this need involves hiring employees from off island on short-term contracts. A negative impact associated with this hiring strategy is high staff turnover, which impacts project continuity and management, as well as institutional knowledge.

RESPONSE: In 2010, Hawaii Sea Grant partnered with the college to create a snorkeling version of the Quantitative Underwater Ecological Surveying Techniques (QUEST) course patterned after the one developed by the University of Hawaii at Hilo Marine Option Program. Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Ephraim Temple secured funding from NOAA NMFS to develop the training course. The first QUEST course was offered in January 2011 to four students. The second QUEST course was conducted in March 2012 with eight students. RESULTS: One student from the first training is currently majoring in marine biology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa while another was hired as the Marine Protected Areas Coordinator at American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources. All eight students who participated in the second training were hired by NOAA to assist with sedimentation monitoring efforts in Faga'alu Bay. Three of these students also received funding support for conducting undergraduate research projects. Another student was employed by the local National Marine Sanctuary Program. Associated Goals Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Widespread use of ecosystem-based approaches to managing land, water and living resources in coastal areas. Partners American Samoa Community College American Samoa Government Coral Reef Advisory Group Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary Program (US DOC, NOAA, NOS, ONMS) National Marine Fisheries Service (US DOC, NOAA, NMFS) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US DOC, NOAA) Pacific Islands Regional Office (US DOC, NOAA, NMFS, PIRO) US Fish and Wildlife Service (US DOI, FWS) National Park Service of American Samoa -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Title Hawaii Sea Grant supported the genetic stock improvement of tilapia for aquaculture industry. (Accomplishment) Primary Focus Area Sustainable and Safe Seafood Supply

Secondary Focus Area Recap Hawaii Sea Grant collaborated with several agencies to transfer fast-growing tilapia from Samoa to American Samoa to enhance fish farm productivity. Relevance, Response, Results RELEVANCE: Tilapia is the dominant aquaculture product in American Samoa. This species is hardy, fast-growing, and in high demand. To date there has not been an organized breeding program to maintain a population of tilapia with these characteristics. Furthermore, new genetic stocks of tilapia have not arrived in over 12 years and the species on island has become inbred. Inbreeding results in poor growth and greater susceptibility to disease. The local tilapia stock currently takes approximately 12 months to reach a harvest size of 0.5 pounds in comparison to the normal three months for fish grown elsewhere. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant Extension Agent Ephraim Temple coordinated a shipment of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) from Apia, Samoa in partnership with the Secretariat of the Pacific Community and the Samoa Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. The GIFT has been selectively bred for fast growth and has a large body size in relation to the head. RESULTS: Mr. Duke Purcell, a local tilapia farmer, transported 50 GIFT from Apia to American Samoa in April 2012. After stocking a pond with these fish he observed rapid spawning which expanded his stock to over 500 fish within a few months. His target market prefers smaller sized fish (0.5 pounds). Utilizing the high protein feed produced at the colleges feeds lab, he is now able to harvest GIFT after a grow-out period of three to four months, which essentially triples his fish production rate. Associated Goals A sustainable supply of safe seafood to meet public demand. A healthy domestic seafood industry that harvests, produces, processes, and markets seafood responsibly and efficiently. Partners American Samoa Community College Samoa Family Sunfish Cooperative Secretariat of the Pacific Community Duke Purcell Samoa Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries

Title Hawaii Sea Grant continued its partnership with the College of the Marshall Islands to address coastal hazards and climate change issues in the Republic of the Marshall Islands Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Recap Hawaii Sea Grant and the College of the Marshall Islands continued their partnership to co-share an extension agent position seconded at the college to mitigate coastal hazards and support climate change adaptation strategies. (Accomplishment) Relevance, Response, Results RELEVANCE: The Republic of the Marshall Islands consist of low-lying atolls which are extremely vulnerable to changes associated with coastal processes and natural hazards. Global climate change and sea level rise are of obvious concern. The RMI is also confronted with a series of threats associated with rapid urban and industrial development that exemplify a common scenario found throughout the Pacific region. RESPONSE: With funding support from the NOAA National Sea Grant Office (NSGO), Hawaii Sea Grant established a partnership with the College of the Marshall Islands to create an extension agent position at the college. Dr. Murray Ford was hired in March 2009 and participated in various activities that included engaging local resource management organizations, conducting coastal processes/climate adaptation research and outreach, instructing GIS and coastal management courses at CMI; and serving as a liaison for scientists and resource managers conducting research/outreach projects including regional initiatives such as the Pacific Island Ocean Observing System. RESULTS: Dr. Ford left the position in December 2011 to assume a full-time teaching faculty position at Auckland University where he continues to this day to conduct research in the Marshall Islands. The NSGO committed to funding this project for an additional two years. In response Hawaii Sea Grant conducted a recruitment to fill the extension agent position and hired Dr. Karl Fellenius, who is expected to start in May 2013. Associated Goals Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Partners

College of the Marshall Islands National Sea Grant College Program

State Focus Area: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Associated Goal: Sound scientific information to support ecosystem-based approaches to managing the coastal environment. Secondary focus areas: Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Sustainable Coastal Development Associated Goals: Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts. Partners: University of Hawaii Title: 2012 Hawaii Sea Grant Graduate Trainee Program (Accomplishment) RELEVANCE: The goal of Hawaii Sea Grants Graduate Trainee Program is to develop wellrounded scientists who are versed not only in research but outreach as well. Full-time graduate students who are working toward advanced degrees related to the marine or coastal sciences are provided funding support. These graduate trainees are expected to make good progress toward their degrees, remain in good academic standing, and participate in research that provides them with thesis and dissertation material. They also conduct education and outreach activities to disseminate their work to a variety of stakeholders that include the public, scientists, resource agencies, and non-profits. RESPONSE: Hawaii Sea Grant welcomed a new group of graduate students to the 2012-2014 graduate trainee program. These students were recruited by university scientists who received Sea Grant research funding and are based in the following University of Hawaii departments: Biology, Oceanography, Geology and Geophysics, Economics, Political Science, Hawaiian Studies, and Ocean Resources Engineering, as well as Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science at the University of Hawaii at Hilo. RESULTS: Twelve graduate students participated in the graduate traineeship for 2012. Three students are pursuing PhD degrees and nine students are pursuing Master degrees. In the month of November 2012, the students gave presentations about their research to the public at the weekly Hanauma Bay evening seminar series. In April 2013, the students will participate in a

Teaching Science as Inquiry professional development workshop by Dr. Kanesa Seraphin, Director of the Hawaii Sea Grant Center for Marine Science Education. RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grants graduate student trainee program provided workforce development and training opportunities for future scientists, educators and resource agency staff.

Title U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands Region Gap Analysis for Hazard Planning Implementation. (Accomplishment-Hwang) Primary Focus Area Hazard Resilience in Coastal Communities Secondary Focus Area Sustainable Coastal Development RECAP: Hawaii Sea Grant developed a methodology to conduct a gap analysis for the implementation of hazard science into two diverse Pacific Island coastal communities, the island of Kauai and Majuro in the Marshall Islands. RELEVANCE: There is a need to better incorporate hazards science to community and regional planning. One way to address this need is through the development of sound planning information and guidance to address hazard risk, as well as adopting consistent hazard planning policies. The number of challenges and competing interests facing US-Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) coastal planners and emergency managers is daunting. The risk from natural hazards such as hurricanes, tsunamis, coastal erosion, coastal inundation and climate change are exacerbated by increased pressure for development and utilization of coastal resources within coastal hazard zones. RESPONSE: With funding support from the NOAA Coastal Storms Program, Hawaii Sea Grant engaged stakeholders on Kauai and Majuro in the Republic of the Marshall Islands in a gap analysis study. The goal of the project was to assist these stakeholders in prioritizing regional hazard planning efforts by providing strategic guidance and hazard planning assessments through a multi-dimensional gap analyses for hazard planning implementation. This analysis, done in conjunction with review of current hazard planning implementation stages of the USAPI, will help stakeholders utilize limited research and outreach resources more efficiently by focusing on uniform and targeted planning goals and policies. RESULTS: Hawaii Sea Grant staff completed a series of interviews with regional planners and emergency mangers on the island of Kauai and Majuro to gather relevant information for the gap analysis. The report is now in the process of being written. Associated Goals Coastal communities that make efficient use of land, energy and water resources and protect the resources needed to sustain coastal ecosystems and quality of life. Community capacity to prepare for and respond to hazardous events. Effective response to coastal catastrophes. Widespread understanding of the risks associated with living, working, and doing business along the nations coasts.

Partners: College of the Marshall Islands Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program (HI CZM) Hawaii Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (HI DLNR) County of Kauai Planning Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US DOC, NOAA) Pacific Disaster Center

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