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from Human Immunodeficiency Virus, read the following article.

HIV/ AIDS
Are you sure you escaped them?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 South Africa Nigeria India Kenya Mozambique Tanzania Uganda United States Zimbabwe Russia 5,600,000 3,300,000 2,400,000 1,500,000 1,400,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,200,000 1,200,000 980,000

1. HOW ARE MY FELLOW DISEASE PARTNERS?

Well, we could say that Africa is the winner in the HIV infections contest. South Africa is the country with the highest rate with people living with HIV/AIDS, no more than 5,600,000 people in it. Second, Nigeria, with 3,300,000 people! And finally, in third place, India, with 2,400,000 people! As we can appreciate in the following

Actually, HIV is one of the worst diseases that our world has met. Around 35.3 million people in the world are living with this everyday, risking their own life in the process. Most of you will say: Thats okay, Im OK with that!. But, be careful, this disease could affect you tomorrow, and lets see if you would be OK with it. To prevent all of you

photo, poor countries tend to be the first ones in the infection records. Not everyone has the same health system, but prevention continues being the best way to keep diseases away, to both, poor and rich countries.

2. HOW SHOULD I AVOID

IT?

Preventing HIV/ AIDS is the best way to escape from its claws without being affected. If you dont take these cautions, theres a high rate of you getting Human Immunodeficiency Virus. For example, you can simply avoid having sex. Sexual relationships are the most common way of passing HIV/AIDS. Dont forget to use anticonception methods, it can also avoid you getting this

virus. You can also get HIV if you dont wash or clean well your personal stuff. Using new and clean needles is very important too, and there are posts in which you can give your old needles and take new ones. And its better if you dont share personal things with infected people, such as water glasses.

DONT SHARE NEEDLES WITH OTHER PEOPLE, TRY USING A NEW ONE

3. LETS FIGHT HIV, FRIENDS!

During story, humans have fought HIV/AIDS frequently, but, how did we start noticing and fighting it? Lets see!

Uh1 +hat's happening1

In the summer of 1981!*ortalit and *or)idit +ee&l ,eport in"luded two reports a)out how rare infe"tions were affe"ting ga men in -ew .or& and /alifornia. 0ater! s"ientists ta&e noti"e of the a"tual #uman Inmunodefi"ien" $irus! and "onfirming that the virus affe"ts the human )od ) atta"&ing the inmune s stem's "ells and letting other diseases affe"t the person.

threatening for infected people with HIV, TB and Malaria! Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are right now going from door to door in Namibia testing everyone in every family of HIV, and spending their time in Uh threatening correctly their clients. If they find anyone In 1986 the U.S. Food and infected, they send him/her to Drug Administration approved the first antiviral an hospital and treat this drug zidovudine as a preventive wa . After 1991! person. several nu"leoside analogs were added to When the arm I was a young medical against #I$%AIDS. During this period! some advan"es student in Mumbai, telling a in re"ognising the disease were made! li&e that it's a they had HIV was like patient war of attrition! instead of a host of 1( earsreading in the )od .them a death sentence: they had little hope of long and healthy life. Today, that is thankfully no longer the case. This was said by a blogger in India, Dr. Rajat Goyal, in the web page ONE, as a guest. And finally, we can say: Nearly 10 million people now have access to antiretroviral drugs globally, and AIDSrelated deaths have fallen sharply with the pride of having saved million of lives in the world, lives that could have been you, or me.

4. HOW ARE WE HELPING?

Did you think that everyone here forgets and leaves people with HIV alone? Ha! You should read about it and correctly, because thats not right! Actually, World leaders donated 12 million dollars in

5. PHOTO GALLERY

BY MERCEDES TEJERA MARTNEZ

the higher cases in the world are:

Rank Country

People living wit A!DS"#!$

South Afri"a

-igeria

India

4en a

2.(((.(((

3.(((.(((

FIGHTING AIDS
The number of people affected in the world is 34 million registered in 2011. The four countries with

HOW TO PREVENT HIV/AIDS

Now, I m going to tell !ou some ad"ices to pre"ent #I$%: Abstinence: %impl! choose not to ha"e se&. Latex and Polyurethane Barrier Methods: 'se safe se& materials such as male and female condoms, dental dams, and finger cots when engaging in se&ual acti"it!. Fewer Partners/Monogamy: The fewer se& partners !ou ha"e, the more !ou reduce !our ris( of )I* infection. Needle Exchange/ lean !our "or#s: #lwa!s use new, unused needles or clean !our wor(s b! flushing the needle and plunger with water and bleach each time !ou use an intra"enous drug s!ringe.

Pregnancy: If !ou are )I* positi"e and thin( !ou ma! be pregnant, !ou should contact !our doctor immediatel! to discuss !our options. There are medications that !ou can ta(e during !our pregnanc! to reduce !our bab! s ris( of being )I* positi"e. Breastfeeding: )I* positi"e mothers should not nurse a child. )I* can be transmitted from mother to child "ia breast mil(. Instead !our ph!sician will pro"ide alternati"es to nursing !our bab!. $etting %ested: The onl! wa! to be sure of !our )I* status is to get tested. +ith a rapid oral test, !ou can e"en get a chee( swab and get !our results in as little as 20 minutes.

/our persons from /rance are now free from )I* after recei"ing treatments as soon as the! were affected with the "irus. #nd also a bab! girl in 0ississippi has been cured. If !ou ta(e medicines against )I*, as soon as !ou lea"e it, )I* appears again. -ut, the! ha"e disco"ered, if !ou ta(e medicines against )I* from the moment !ou (now it, the "irus does not returns. 1ould this be a step for curing )I*2

HOW IS THIS ILLNESS FOUGHT?

The introduction of anti"iral medications used in combination is among the most important ad"ances in the histor! of )I*,#I$% treatment. -! using more than one drug at a time, combination therap! is able to .pin down. )I* from more than one angle, so that e"en if one drug fails, another can continue to suppress "iral replication. -ut this ad"ance was a long time in the ma(ing, following a historical course from .no therap!. to .monotherap!. and now to .combination therap!.. This boo( e&cerpt pro"ides a historical o"er"iew of ad"ances in the monitoring of treatment progress and the emergence of combination therap!.

LIVING WITH AIDS

Since the beginning of the epidemic, almost 70 million people have been infected with the HIV virus and about 35 million people have died of AI S! "loball#, 3$!0 million %3&!$'35!(

EVOLUTION IN THE CURE

million) people were living with HIV at the end of *0&&! +an# countries are affected b# a large proportion of AI S but these are the &0 most affected countries,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 South Africa Nigeria India Kenya Mozambiqu e Tanzania Uganda United States Zimbabwe Russia 5,600,000 3,300,000 2,400,000 1,500,000 1,400,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,200,000 1,200,000 980,000

-./V/01I20 ,
1here3s no vaccine to prevent HIV infection and no cure for AI S! 4ut it3s possible to protect #ourself and others from infection! 1hat means educating #ourself about HIV and avoiding an# behavior that allows HIV5infected fluids blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast mil6 into #our bod#! 0o sharing needles or s#ringes with others, because infected blood would pass directl# into the bloodstream, and this is the 7uic6est and most effective form of contagion!

Alwa#s use sterile or disposable instruments to pierce the s6in 8orrectl# use late9 condoms :male or female ; to have se9! Avoid unprotected oral se9! Although it appears that the mouth is a hostile environment for HIV, there have been cases of HIV transmission through oral contact so the semen, vaginal secretions or blood infection in the mouth is a ris6! -regnant women with the virus should be treated to reduce the ris6 of transmission to the fetus during pregnanc# and childbirth, and not to breastfeed! Health professionals who wor6 with AI S patients should have caution! <i6e blood and its derivatives, is also essential to anal#=e the semen donated to the HIV antibod# test before use!

H2> I1 IS ?2@"1HA
1here are different t#pes of drugs to treat HIV infection ! 1hese drugs attac6 different aspects of the process used b# the virus to reproduce! 4ecause HIV mutates rapidl# and becomes resistant to all drugs administered in isolation , patients must ta6e a

combination of drugs to achieve ma9imal suppression of HIV! 8ombination therap# for HIV is 6nown as highl# active antiretroviral therap# or 1arga ! 1arga , changes the natural course of HIV infection and significantl# prolongs the period between initial infection and the development of s#mptoms ! 1o achieve these results, it is important to begin treatment before s#mptoms of AI S appear , but it also has important and lasting for the health of patients who begin after the diagnosis of AI S benefits! Although effective in slowing the progression of HIV5 related disease , not a cure!

Coral Rivero De Cos 3C

FIGHTI NG AIDS
South 1 Africa Nigeri 2 a 3India 5,60 0,00 0 3,30 0,00 0 2,40 0,00 0 1,50 0,00 0 1,40 0,00 0 1,40 0,00 0 1,20 0,00 0 1,20 0,00 0 1,20 0,00 0

/V2<@1I20 I0 1H/ 8@./, /ver# time a cure for AI S is evolving graduall#! A -ossible 8ure, 1wo patients with human immunodeficienc# virus :HIV; in 4oston :@SA; show no signs of the virus in the blood after receiving a bone marrow transplant! According to the report of the doctors who have treated them, this is a new line of research for the cure of disease, awaiting developments!

4Kenya Moza 5mbiqu e Tanza 6 nia Ugand 7 a United 8 States Zimba 9 bwe

HOW TO PREVENT HIV/AIDS?

Alba Prez Daz 3C

The easier thing that you have to do is abstinence, you do not have sex. If you drink or take drugs you are more apt to get into a situation where safer sex practices falter or fail altogether. The Barrier methods are the most efficient, like condoms, dental dams, and finger cots when engaging in sexual activity. If you dont have sex with a lot of people you reduce your risk of HI infection. !ou mustnt share needles or other medical e"uipment. If you think that you are pregnant you must ask your doctor. If you have it you shouldnt nurse a child. !ou must do the tests about #I$% to

EMY DAZ Y JESSICA CALLEJA 3B

HOW THE AIDS AFFECT THE WORLD.

In this article I'll talk about the AIDS/HIV. According to the estimates of WHO,35.3 million people were living with HIV at the end of the 2012,of course ,this number will increase in these two years and will increase on the next years. In 2012, 2.3 million people became newly infected by this disease, and 1.6 million people died.

know your condition.

HOW IT IS FOUGHT?
This is fought for a lot of people that use specially treatments like antiretroviral medication use more than one drug with therapy.

HIV is making a lot of problems on the world, and also on the countries that compose our planet for this reason we must fight against it, so if this number of infected people increases, is because we, all of us (because everybody can be infected) arent fighting enough. South Africa is the country with more infected people with 5,6 million people, its near the 10% of the total population. The second one is Nigeria with 3,3 million , it continues being a very high number but theyre 169 million inhabitants. And the third is India with 2,4 million inhabitants affected by AIDS but they also have a similar situation to Nigerias.

The HIV can be transmited by different ways,normally, mostly by sexual transmition,this can be prevented with phrophylaxis and comdoms as they are easy ways to prevent it.

Also by Blood Mode for example using new siringe every time a person takes drugs.There are some treatments to fight against the disease that we are talking about.The first is the highly active antiretroviral therapy,this is the most important and the other therapys are related to HIV.

The cure has been on search since the eighteens. Some Danish scientists say they have found the cure. And with this I finish my article of HIV,thank you for reading it. Enrique Tejera Rodriguez 14-01-2014 IES Foramontanos

#ow %oe& A!DS a''e(t people)

#!$"A!DS

use "lean s ringes! getting ;ested for to &now if ou have the #I$!and in the pro"ess of la"tan" the mothers with #I$ shouldn?t nurse a "hild. #I$ "an )e transmitted from mother to "hild via )reast mil&.

Is the human immunodefi"ien"

virus

5#I$6 infe"ts "ells of the immune s stem! destro ing or impairing their fun"tion. Infe"tion with the virus results in the progressive deterioration of the immune s stem! leading to 7immune defi"ien" .7 And the immune s stem is "onsidered defi"ient when it "an no longer fulfill its role of fighting infe"tion and disease.

How it is fought
The people is foughting against the HIV with associations, camgpainsthe people are helpful with this. Now there are many treatments etc.Only 34 people can receive treatment against HIV. In !" , .3 million people aroun# the worl# were infecte# with the virus.

People a''e(te% in t e worl% *y #!$

Evolution in t e (ure+

#I$ has no "ure! )ut treatments of

nowada s the disease are "ontrolled. @ut ou must )e "areful not to transmit #I$ to others. It has de"reased the num)er of new infe"tions ) #I$ among "hildren in more than 1!:(( new infe"tions dail . 9.A million people re"eive treatment to save their lives. .And *an people are on antiretroviral therap in the world.

Some asso"iations li&e +#8 and

U-AIDS have done to sum and the average are! 9:.9 million people were living with #I$ at the end of 2(12. ;hat same ear! some 2.9 million people )e"ame newl infe"ted and and 1.6 million died of AIDS<related "auses. /ountries with the highest num)er with #I$ are the "ountries not developed li&e South Afri"a with :!6((!((( people= -igeria with 9!9((!((( people= India with 2!3((!((( people= 4en a with 1!:((!((( people.

T e opinion& o' &(ienti&t+

;oda

s"ientists are in agreement that

Prevent t i& %i&ea&e

;o prevent this disease there are

different things to do! these are the main. A)stinen"e simpl "hoose not to have se> ! use "ondoms during the se>! to

we "ould see the )eginning of the end of AIDS 5#I$6.@e"ause if we would have avoided that disease to spread! this disease toda does not e>ist.

,rap i( o' t e proportion o' #!$ a-ong wo-en an% -en

epends on "ountries there are more women or man affe"ts ou! )ut usuall

have more infe"ted women. In the ne>t graphi" appear the proportion of #I$ among women and men.

,rap i( o' t e proportion o' #!$ a-ong wo-en an% -en+

BY+ Mar.a D.e/ an% $er0ni(a Cue&ta 12B

?I"H1I0" AI S
;he num)er of people affe"ted ) #I$ around the glo)e is of 9: million! onl 93B of those re"eive treatment and in 2(12! 2.9 million people were newl infe"ted. ;he enormous num)er of people infe"ted ever da is of 69((.
3
:!6

;his graph represents the rate of people living with AIDS in the world. As ou "an see the most affe"ted "ountries are from Afri"a )e"ause is a poor "ountr without medi"al "are.

9!9 2!3 1!: 1!3

For preventing AIDS there are some steps! if ou follow them ou will have less pro)a)ilities of having it or spreading to othersC A*&tinen(eC Simpl "hoose not to have se>. So*er Se4C If ou?re drin&ing or ta&ing drugs! ou are more apt to get into a situation where safer se> pra"ti"es falter or fail altogether 5ate4 an% Polyuret ane Barrier Met o%&C Use safe se> materials su"h as male and female (on%o-&! %ental %a-&! and 'inger (ot& when engaging in se>ual a"tivit . Do not use male and female "ondoms at the same timeD 6ewer Partner&"Monoga-yC ;he fewer se> partners more ou redu"e our ris& of #I$ infe"tion. ou have! the

Nee%le E4( ange"Clean Your 8ork&+ Alwa s use new! unused needles or "lean our wor&s ) flushing the needle and plunger with water and )lea"h ea"h time ou use an intravenous drug s ringe. Do not share. Pregnan(yC If ou are #I$ positive and thin& ou ma )e pregnant! ou should "onta"t our do"tor immediatel to dis"uss our options. ;here are medi"ations that ou "an ta&e during our pregnan" to redu"e our )a) ?s ris& of )eing #I$ positive. Brea&t'ee%ingC #I$ positive mothers should not nurse a "hild. #I$ "an )e transmitted from mother to "hild via )reast mil&. ,etting Te&te%C ;he onl wa to )e sure of our #I$ status is to get tested.

;he fight against #I$ is e>tended worldwide! there are lots of organizations fighting against it and tr ing to dis"over the definitive va""ine for it. ;he U- has a program "alled U-AIDS in whi"h "olla)orates man organizations. It aims to "om)at the spread of #I$.

;here are also other non<profit organizations whi"h are a"tive in raising funds! resear"h! treatment! support and spreading awareness for #I$%AIDSC

Firstl #I$ wasnEt as &nown as now! the first time that the s"ientists started to investigate a)out it was in 1981. After it! it appeared some medi"inesC antiviral drug zidovudine! a "lass of drugs formall &nown as nu"leoside analog reverse. After 1991! several other nu"leoside analogs were added to the anti<#I$ arsenal its fun"tion was to prevent an alread infe"ted "ell from produ"ing more "opies of #I$. Antiviral therap for #I$<infe"ted was "reated )ut it was a great variation in effe"tiveness among individuals. After all this medi"ines the dis"overed that the "om)ination antiviral therap leaded to improve health. #owever this therap doesnEt a"hieve the o)Fe"tive of the s"ientist of ma&ing a medi"ine for eradi"ate AIDS )ut after the spread of the medi"ine around the world the num)er of AIDS deaths has greatl redu"ed.

A- GH;,A8,DI-A,. /ASGC In *ississippi a )a) treatment 9( hours after )ird and has )een "ured.

re"eived an earl

MARA TER9N $9Z:;EZ 12C

+hat is #I$1
<

Is a virus "alled #uman Immunodefi"ien" $irus that infe"t "ells of the immune s stem. +hat is AIDS1 A"Iuired Immunodefi"ien" S ndrome is the disease produ"ed ) the #I$.

A""ording the +#8 5+orld #ealth 8rganization6 studies! a)out 9:.9 million people suffer #I$ at the end of 2(12. ;hat ear! 2.9 million people )e"ame newl infe"ted! and 1.6 million died )e"ause the had AIDS. ;he : "ountries in the world with the highest num)er of people that are infe"ted with AIDS are South Afri"a with :!6((!((( people! -igeria with 9!9((!((( people! India with 2!3((!(((! 4en a with 1!:((!((( and *ozam)iIue with 1!3((!(((. .ou "an avoid AIDS%#I$ having se> with "ondom and not sharing needles or drug wor&s. AIDS%#I$ isn?t spread ) air or water! inse"ts! saliva tears or sweets! "asual "onta"ts li&e sha&ing hands or sharing dishes and "lose<mouth or Jso"ialK &issing. *ore than 9: million of people around the world have #I$! )ut onl 93B of those eligi)le for life<saving treatment re"eive it. +e "an )eat this disease! )ut onl if we re"ommit to the fight toda . ;oda ! there are more methods for avoid #I$%AIDS! )ut there isn?t a va""ine for it.

MARA 95$AREZ AND BEATR!Z P;ENTE 12C

= 8 at i& #!$) ;he human immunodefi"ien" virus 5#I$6 infe"ts "ells of the immune s stem! destro ing or impairing their fun"tion. Infe"tion with the virus results in the progressive deterioration of the immune s stem! leading to 7immune defi"ien" . 8 at i& A!DS) A"Iuired immunodefi"ien" s ndrome 5AIDS6 is a term whi"h applies to the most advan"ed stages of #I$ infe"tion

A""ording to estimates ) +#8 and U-AIDS! 9:.9 million people were living with #I$ at the end of 2(12. ;hat same ear! some 2.9 million people )e"ame infe"ted! and 1.6 million died of AIDS<related "auses. T e -ain (ountrie& wit t e ig e&t nu-*er o' (a&e& 1 2 9 3 : South Afri"a -igeria India 4en a *ozam)iIu e :!6((!(( ( 9!9((!((( 2!3((!(( ( 1!:((!((( 1!3((!(((

#I$ "an )e transmitted through unprote"ted se>ual inter"ourse 5vaginal or anal6! and oral se> with an infe"ted person= transfusion of "ontaminated )lood= and the sharing of "ontaminated needles! s ringes or other sharp instruments. So-e way& to prevent A!DS

<Use male or female "ondoms "orre"tl ea"h time ou have se>.

<Lra"ti"e onl non<penetrative se>. <,emain faithful in a relationship with an uninfe"ted eIuall faithful partner with no other ris& )ehaviour. <A)stain from se>. <If ou have se> when ou?re so)er! ou?re more li&el to )e safe. <;he onl wa to )e sure of our #I$ status is to get tested.

>

<#I$ "an )e transmitted from mother to "hild via )reast mil& <Use safe se> materials su"h as male and female (on%o-&? %ental %a-&? and 'inger (ot&

T e -ain -ean& to (o-*at A!DS are+

< Intensified "ase finding for a"tive ;@ < Isoniazid preventive treatment < ;@ infe"tion "ontrol < Garl initiation of antiretroviral therap .

+a s to "om)at AIDS have evolved Iuite From *onotherap to /om)ination ;herap . In 1986 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration 5FDA6 approved the first antiviral drug zidovudine. For people living with #I$ disease! as well as professionals wor&ing with them! the news a)out the effe"tiveness of "om)ination therapies that emerged in 1996. ;he introdu"tion of antiviral medi"ations used in "om)ination is among the most important advan"es in the histor of #I$%AIDS treatment.

Mont&e y Celia 12 C