H H. W W W 358.9628.D - .H 6.31533.W D.: AGA Flow Orifice Calculation Routines

AGA Flow Orifice Calculation Routines
Set initial values. C=0.6:Y=1

1. Calculate the Normal Differential Range
H =H .
W
W
N M
N
M
2
|
\
|
2. Calculate the Orifice Sizing Factor
S
W
358.9628.D . .H
M
N
2
n N
=
3. Calculate Reynolds Number

R
6.31533. W
D.
D
N
=
CP
4. Calculate the beta ratio
O
M
2
.25
1 Y.
C
S
= +
|
\
(
(
0
5. Calculate the discharge coefficient at infinite Reynolds Number (Typical)
( ) C 0.5961 0.0291 0.229 0.003 1 M TapTerm
INF O
2
O
8
O 1
= + + +
6. Calculate the true discharge coefficient
C= C 0.000511 10 .
R
0.021 0.0049
19000
R
10
R
INF
6 o
D
0.7
o
D
0.8
O
4
6
D
0.35
+

(
+ +

(
|
\
|
|
|
\
7. If the fluid is gas then calculate the expansion factor

( )
Y =1- 0.41+0.35
H
27.73KP
O
4 N
f
|
\
|
8. Repeat from step 4 until the beta ratio value changes less than 0.000001
9. Calculate orifice bore
d .D
O
=
Fluid Properties
These are calculated using common chemical formulae with each item corrected for pressure
and temperature. Some fluids show deviations from the formulae, the user should check typical
calculated values against known values. In all cases if accurate laboratory information is available it
should be used.
Density uses the Redlich-Kwong Equation.
For complete details of all formula and techniques refer to the AGA Report #3 and The Flow
Measurement Engineering Handbook By R.W.Miller. These describe the development of the
formulas, the application limitations and installation requirements for predictable results as well as a
large amount of other valuable information.
Nomenclature
W
M
Flowrate upper range variable lb/h
W
N
Flowrate normal flow lb/h
H
M
Differential upper range variable inches of water
H
N
Differential normal inches of water
S
M
Orifice sizing factor dimensionless
M
1
Correction for pipe sizes less than 1.8 inches see AGA Report #3
D
Pipe inside diameter at flowing temperature inches
d
Orifice inside diameter inches
n
Density at flow conditions lb/ft3
CP
Absolute Viscosity centipoise
R
D
Reynolds Number dimensionless
O
Beta Ratio dimensionless
C
Orifice discharge coefficient dimensionless
C
INF
Orifice discharge coefficient for infinite Reynolds Number dimensionless
Y
Gas expansion factor dimensionless
P
f
Upstream pressure psia
k
Ratio of specific heats dimensionless
TapTerm Correction for tap location see AGA Report #3
Fixed Geometry1 Calculation Routines
Annubar Liquid Flow
1 Calculate the differential range
H
W
KD F G
m
m
A f
=
|
\
|
|
2834717
2
2
.
Inches of water
2 Calculate velocity
V
W
F D
n
n A
=
19 65
2
.
feet per second
3 Calculate Rod Velocity. There is a minimum rod Reynolds Number below which the flowing fluid
will not separate properly from the edges of the Annubar.
R
P v
D
W n
CP
= 1487

Annubar Gas Flow

1. Calculate the differential range -
H
W
KD F
m
m
A n
=
|
\
|
|
358 94
2
2
.
Inches of water
2. Calculate the expansion factor -
Y
d
D
H
Pk
m
f
=
|
\
|

|
\
|
|
1 0 011332 1
1273
0 00342
2
.
.
.
3. Apply the expansion factor -
H
H
Y
m
m
=
2
.
Repeat steps 2 and 3 again -
Nomenclature
D
Pipe inside diameter inches
N
Density at flow conditions lb/cubic foot
F
A
Thermal expansion factor dimensionless
G
f
Specific gravity at flow temperature dimensionless
H
m
Differential range inches of water
k
K
Flow coefficient dimensionless
P
f
Inlet pressure psia
P
W
Annubar width feet
R
D
Rod Reynolds Number dimensionless
V
Fluid velocity feet per second
W
m
Flow rate lb/h
Y
Expansion factor dimensionless
CP
Viscosity centipoises
Reference
The Annubar Flow Handbook Dover Industries Inc
Annubar Is a registered trademark of Dover Industries Inc
Elbow Flowmeter
1.. Calculate the Reynolds Number -
R
6.31533. W
D.
D
M
CP
=
2.. Calculate the discharge coefficient -

K
SM
= +
r
D
r
D
R
b
b
D
2
6 5
2
0 5
.
.
3.. Calculate the differential range -
H
W
K F D
M
m
SM A n
=
|
\
|
|
358 9268
2
2
.
inches of water
Nomenclature
D
n
Density lb/cubic foot
F
A
H
m
K
SM
Discharge coefficient dimensionless
r
b
Elbow mean radius inches
W
m
Flow rate lb/h
CP
Target Meters
1. Calculate the Reynolds Number -
R
6.31533. W
D.
D
CP
=
2. Calculate the flow rate -

W KF
B
B
D F
A
T
T
n T
=
|
\
|
|
\
| 358 9268 5 941939 1

2
. .
lb/h
3. Calculate target force -
F
W
K
T
N
=
|
\
|
6296 4
2
.
pounds
Nomenclature
BT Target ratio (Target diameter/Bore diameter) dimensionless
(Supplied by manufacturer)
D
N
F
A
K
(Supplied by manufacturer)
W
Flow rate lb/h
CP
Integral Flow Orifice Assemblies
1. Calculate the Reynolds Number -
R
6.31533. W
d.
d
CP
=
2. Calculate the discharge coefficient -

C A D E F = + + +
2 4 8
B G H J = + +
2 4
C C BR
d
= +
0 5 .
(Values of A,D,E,F,G,H and J vary with design and size. See manufacturers data)
(C for Jewel insert is 0.995)
3. Calculate the expansion factor -
( )
Y
H
Pk
f
1
4
1 0 41 0 35
2773
= + . .
.
4. Calculate flow rate -

W
CF Y d H
A n
=
358 9268
1
1
2
4
.
lb/h
Nomenclature
d
Orifice bore diameter inches
D
n
F
A
C
H
Differential range inches water
k
Ratio of specific heats (Gas only) dimensionless
P
f
Inlet pressure psia
R
d
Orifice Reynolds Number dimensionless
W
Flow rate lb/h
Beta ratio (d/D) dimensionless
CP
Fluid Properties
should be used.
For complete details of all formula and techniques refer to The Flow Measurement
Engineering Handbook By R.W.Miller and Foxboro Technical Information T! 037 087. These
describe the development of the formulas, the application limitations and installation requirements
for predictable results as well as a large amount of other valuable information.
Control Valve Calculation Routines
Liquid
1 Calculate the vena-contracta pressure drop -
P P 0.96 0.28
P
P
P
VC 1
VAP
C
VAP
=
|
\
|
2 Calculate the critical drop -
P F P
CRIT L VC
=
2
3 Calculate preliminary valve sizing coefficient -
C
W
PG
V
f
=
500
4. Calculate Reynolds Number -
R
F W
F C
F C
d
EV
d
CP L V
L V
= +
(
34 6
890
1
2 2
2
1
4
.
5. Calculate Reynolds Number Factor -

F
C
C
R
VS
VT
=
|
\
| 1044 0 358
0 655
. .
.
Where -
C
F
W
G P
VS
S
CP
f
=
|
\
|
1
23500
0 6667
.
and -
F
F
F
F C
d
S
d
L
L V
= +
|
\
|
0 6667
333
2 2
2
0 1667
890
1
.
.
.
6. Calculate the pressure recovery and piping geometry factors
K
d
D
B1
1
4
1 =
|
\
| K
d
D
B2
2
4
1 =
|
\
| K
d
D
1
2
1
2
2
0 5 1 =
|
\
| . K
d
D
2
2
2
2
2
1 =
|
\
|
( )
F F
K K F C
d
LP L
B L v
=
+
+
(
(
1 1
2 2
4
0 5
890
1
.
( )
F
K K K K C
d
p
B B v
=
+ +
+
|
\
|
|

1 2 1 2
2
4
0 5
890
1
.
7 Calculate the final valve size -
Turbulent flow -
C
e inaryC
F
V
V
P
=
Pr lim
or Transitional flow -
C
e inaryC
F
V
V
R
=
Pr lim
or Laminar flow -
C C
V VS
=
or Choked or flashing flow -
C
W
F P G
V
LP CRIT f
=
500
8 Calculate the noise level
SL LogC Log P Log t
V
= + + 10 20 30 5 ( )
For incipient cavitation add --
( ) 5 1
1
2
2
P
P P
K
F K
Log P P
VAP
c
L c
VAP
(
(
(
(
+
For full cavitation subtract from incipient cavitation --
( ) 5 1 Log P P
Crit
+
Gas
1 Calculate the pressure drop ratio factors
X
P
P
1
1
=

F
K
k
=
14 .
2 Calculate the minimum size for sonic velocity
d
W
P
T
M
min
. = 0 0454
2
1
inches
3 Calculate the preliminary valve size
C
W
X P
V
N
=
63 3
1 1
.
4 Calculate the piping geometry factor
K
d
D
B1
1
4
1 =
|
\
| K
d
D
B2
2
4
1 =
|
\
| K
d
D
1
2
1
2
2
0 5 1 =
|
\
| . K
d
D
2
2
2
2
2
1 =
|
\
|
( )
F
K K K K C
d
p
B B v
=
+ +
+
|
\
|
|

1 2 1 2
2
4
0 5
890
1
.
5 Calculate the pressure drop ratio factor
( )
X
X
F
X K K C
d
TP
T
P
T B v
=
+
+
(
(
2
1 1
2
4
1
1000
1
6 Calculate the expansion factor
Y
X
F X
k T
= 1
3
1
7 Calculate the final size
FinalC
e inaryC
F Y
V
V
P
=
Pr lim
8 Calculate the valve sound pressure level
Gas
SL Log C F PP D
T
t
SL
v L G 1 1 2
2 1
3
10 28 =
|
\
|
+
Steam
( )
( )
SL Log C F PP D T t
v L SH 1 1 2
2
6
3
10 11000 1 0 0007 = + . /
9 Calculate the outlet noise
( )
SL Log P d D M T SL
s G 2 2
2 2
2
2
1
10 018 = + .
10. If
SL SL
1 2
7
then

SL SL =
1
Else
SL SL SL = +
1 2
Two Phase Flow
1 Calculate the vena-contracta pressure drop
P P 0.96 0.28
P
P
P
VC 1
VAP
C
VAP
=
|
\
|
2 Calculate the critical drop
P F P
CRIT L VC
=
2
3 Calculate the specific volumes of the gas and liquid
v
g
N
=
1
v
G
l
f
=
0 016033 .
4 Calculate the volume fraction and the weight fraction of the gas
V
w v
w v w v
g
g g
g g f f
=
+
f
w
w w
g
g
g f
=
+
5 Calculate the pressure drop ratio factors
X
P
P
1
1
=

F
K
k
=
14 .
6 Calculate the expansion factor
Y
X
F X
k T
= 1
3
1
7 Calculate the effective specific volume for the mixture
( )
v
f v
Y Y
f
G
e
g g g
f
= +

2
1
63 3 .
8 Calculate the preliminary valve size
( )
C
w w
v
X P
v
f g
e
=
+
63 3
1 1
.
9 Calculate the piping geometry factor
K
d
D
B1
1
4
1 =
|
\
| K
d
D
B2
2
4
1 =
|
\
| K
d
D
1
2
1
2
2
0 5 1 =
|
\
| . K
d
D
2
2
2
2
2
1 =
|
\
|
( )
F
K K K K C
d
p
B B v
=
+ +
+
|
\
|
|

1 2 1 2
2
4
0 5
890
1
.
10 Calculate the final size
C
e inaryC
F
v
V
P
=
Pr lim
11 Sound level calculated using the liquid calculations above.
Fluid Properties
should be used.
Nomenclature
C
V
Valve sizing coefficient dimensionless
d
Nominal valve size inches
D
1
Inside diameter of inlet piping inches
D
2
Inside diameter of outlet piping inches
n
Fluid density at operating temp and pressure pounds per cubic foot
F
d
Valve style modifier dimensionless
k
F
K
Ratio of specific heats factor dimensionless
F
L
Rated pressure recovery factor dimensionless
F
LP
Combined liquid pressure recovery factor dimensionless
F
P
Piping geometry factor dimensionless
F
R
Reynolds number factor dimensionless
G
f
Specific gravity at flow temperature dimensionless
M
Molecular weight dimensionless
M
S
Mach number at flow conditions dimensionless
P
1
Upstream absolute pressure psia
P
2
Downstream absolute pressure psia
P
c
Critical pressure psia
P
VAP
Vapor pressure psia
P
Valve pressure drop psi
SL
Sound pressure level dBA
SL
G
Gas property factor dBA
t
Pipe wall thickness inches
T
1
Absolute upstream temperature degR
T
SH
Steam superheat temperature degF
R
EV
Reynolds number dimensionless
v
e
Effective two phase specific volume ft3/lb
v
f
Specific volume of liquid ft3/lb
v
g
Specific volume of gas ft3/lb
V
g
Volume fraction of gas dimensionless
W
Total rate of flow lb/h
w
f
Rate of liquid flow lb/h
w
g
Rate of gas flow lb/h
X
1
Pressure drop ratio dimensionless
X
T
Rated pressure drop ratio factor dimensionless
X
TP
Value of XT for valve/reducer assembly dimensionless
Y
Expansion factor dimensionless
Acoustic efficiency dimensionless

References
Control Valve Sizing Equations ANSI/ISA S75.01
Masoneilan Noise Control Manual Masoneilan - Dresser
ISA Handbook of Control Valves. J. W. Hutchison
ISO Flow Element Calculation Routines
Routines are similar all devices except that the discharge coefficient formulas vary.
The gas restriction orifice is checked for critical flow, see RO Sonic Gas Routine.
Set initial values. C=0.6:Y=1
1. Calculate the Normal Differential Range
H =H .
W
W
N M
N
M
2
|
\
|
2. Calculate the SM Factor
S
W
358.9628.D .F . .H
M
N
2
A n N
=
3. Calculate Reynolds Number

R
6.31533. W
D.
D
N
p
=
4. Calculate the beta ratio
O
M
2
.25
1 Y.
C
S
= +
|
\
(
(
0
5. Calculate the discharge coefficient at infinite Reynolds Number
Typical for corner taps
C 0.5959 0.3121 0.184
INF O
2.1
O
8
= +
6. Calculate the true discharge coefficient
C= C
b
R
INF
D
n
+
Where typically
b 91.71
O
2.5
=

and n = 0.75 for corner taps
7. If the fluid is gas then calculate the expansion factor
( )
Y =1- 0.41+0.35
H
27.73KP
O
4 N
f
|
\
|
8. Repeat from step 4 until the value of the beta ratio changes less than 0.000001
d .D
O
=
R. O. Sonic Gas Routine
1. Check for sonic velocity
P P
2
k 1
SONIC f
k
k
k 1
=
+
(

2. If the discharge pressure is more than -

P
SONIC

then use pipe tap calculation
Else
Y S
W
359D .F .P
T P
M
2
A N f
=
3. Calculate Beta Ratio
O
= 0.6991Y S
T P
0.4919
d .D
O
=
Fluid Properties
should be used.
For complete details of all formula and techniques refer to the ISO 5167 and The Flow
Measurement Engineering Handbook By R.W.Miller. These describe the development of the
formulas, the application limitations and installation requirements for predictable results as well as a
large amount of other valuable information.
Nomenclature
W
M
W
N
Flowrate normal flow lb/h
H
M
Differential upper range variable inches of water
H
N
Differential normal inches of water
S
M
Orifice sizing factor dimensionless
D
Pipe inside diameter at flowing temperature inches
d
Orifice inside diameter inches
n
CP
R
D
O
Beta Ratio dimensionless
C
Orifice discharge coefficient dimensionless
C
INF
Orifice discharge coefficient for infinite Reynolds Number dimensionless
Y
P
f
Upstream pressure psia
k
F
A
P
SONIC
Downstream pressure for sonic velocity psia
Fixed Geometry2 Calculation Routines
Rotameters
Liquid Calculation
1. Calculate the equivalent flow in US gallons per minute of water -
( )
Q
W
G G G
m
m
f F f
=
188 814 .
US gallons per minute -
2. Calculate the sizing viscosity -
( )

CS
CP
f F f
G G G
=
2 6496 .
centistokes
3. Calculate the Maximum allowable viscosity -.

CP CS f
G =
centipoises
Gas calculation
1. Calculate the equivalent flow -
Q
W
G
m
m
F n
=
5 862 .
Standard cubic feet of air equivalent.
Nomenclature
Q
m
Calculated equivalent water flow US gallons per minute
W
m
Desired quantity of flowing fluid lb/h
n
Gas density lb per cubic foot
G
f
Specific gravity of flowing fluid dimensionless
G
F
Specific gravity of float dimensionless
CS
Rotameter viscosity immunity ceiling centistokes
CP
Viscosity of flowing fluid centipoises
Vortex meters
1. Calculate the flow area -
A
W
V
m
n
=
3600
square feet
2. Calculate the maximum and minimum flowrate -
W A V
MAX SEL MAX n
= 3600
lb/h
W A V
MIN SEL Min n
= 3600
lb/h
3. For liquids callculate the Reynolds Number -
R
W
D
D
m
CP
=
6 31533 .
Nomenclature
A
Flow area for required flow square feet
A
SEL
Cross section area of selected meter square feet
Supplied by manufacturer (Bore area - Element area)
D
Pipe inside diameter at flowing temperature Inches
n
R
D
W
m
Required flowrate lb/h
W
MAX
W
MIN
Flowrate lower range variable lb/h
V
Velocity at
W
m
feet per second
V
MAX
Velocity at
W
MAX
feet per second
(Supplied by the manufacturer)
V
MIN
Velocity at
W
MIN
feet per second
(Supplied by the manufacturer)
CP
Wedge Flowmeter
1. Set Y = 1
2. Calculate the differential range -
h
W
F YK
m
m
a
d
n
=
|
\
|
|
358 9626
2
2
.
inches of water
3. If fluid is gas then calculate the expansion factor -
Y
h
P
n
=
|
\
|
1 0 012
0 54
1
0 3
.
.
.
4. Repeat from 2 until error is less than 0.00001

Nomenclature
W
m
Desired quantity of flowing fluid lb/h
n
Fluid density lb per cubic foot
H
m
K
d
2
Wedge coefficient dimensionless
P
1
Inlet pressure psia
Y
Wedge ratio ( Supplied by the manufacturer ) dimensionless

Fluid Properties
should be used.
Relief Valve Calculation Routines
Fire size Liquid Vaporization
1. Calculate the wetted area -
( ) A X D D L
W V V V
= +
square feet
2. Calculate vaporized liquid -
W
FA
L
m
W
HV
=
21000
0 82 .
lb/h
3. Calculate the pressure ratio -
r
P
P
=
2
1
Limited to a minimum of -
2
1
1
k
k
k
+
|
\
|

4. Calculate the specific heat ratio coefficient -
C k
k
k
k
=
+
|
\
|
+
520
2
1
1
1
5. Calculate the back pressure correction factor -
Standard valves
K
F
C
r
b
=
735
1
2
Where -
F
k
k
r
r
r
k
k
k
2
2
1
1
1
1
=
|
\
|
\
|
|
|
Bellows valves
( )
K r
OV
P
b
P
IN
IN
=
+ |
\
16 0 3 118
60
70
0 04
2
. . .
.
(Typical)
6. Calculate the required area
A
W
K CPK
T Z
M
m
d b
f
=
1
square inches
7. Calculate maximum allowable back pressure -
K
A
A
K
b
CALC
VALVE
b
MAX
=
Standard valves
Iterate to find r
Maximum back pressure -
= rP
1
147 .
psig
Bellows valves
( )
P
P K
OV
IN
IN
P
b
IN
MAX
16 0 3
118
60
70
0 04
2
. .
.
.

+ |
\
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
psig (Typical)
Fire size Gas Expansion
1. Calculate the wetted area -
( ) A X D D L
W V V V
= +
square feet
2. Calculate pressure ratio -
r
P
P
=
2
1
2
1
1
k
k
k
+
|
\
|

3. Calculate the specific heat ratio coefficient -
C k
k
k
k
=
+
|
\
|
+
520
2
1
1
1
Standard valves
K
F
C
r
b
=
735
1
2
Where -
F
k
k
r
r
r
k
k
k
2
2
1
1
1
1
=
|
\
|
\
|
|
|
Bellows valves
( )
K r
OV
P
b
P
IN
IN
=
+ |
\
16 0 3 118
60
70
0 04
2
. . .
.
(Typical)
5. Calculate the relief temperature -
( ) T
P
P
T
f
n
n
=
+
+
1
14 7
460
.
degR
6. Calculate the relief valve factor -
( )
F
K C
T T
T
d
W f
f
/
.
.
.
=

|
\
|
|
01406
125
0 6506
7. Calculate the required area -
A
F A
P
W
=
/
1
square inches
8. Calculate the flow rate -
W K ACP
M
T
m d
f
=
1
lb/h
K
A
A
K
b
CALC
VALVE
b
MAX
=
Standard valves --
Iterate to find r
= rP
1
147 .
psig
Bellows valves -
( )
P
P K
OV
IN
IN
P
b
IN
MAX
16 0 3
118
60
70
0 04
2
. .
.
.

+ |
\
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
psig (Typical)
10. Calculate gas valve reaction force in pounds force
( )
161
460
28 97
1
. . . .
.
.
A P C
T
M
VALVE
f
+
11. Calculate the gas valve sound pressure level (dBA @ 3 feet)
( )
85 10
460
3 42
10
+
+ |
\
| LOG
W k T
M
M f
. .
. .
Fluid Properties
should be used.
Nomenclature
A
Relief area square inches
A
W
Wetted area square feet
C
Specific heat ratio coefficient dimensionless
D
V
Vessel diameter feet
F
/
Relief valve factor dimensionless
K
d
Coefficient of discharge dimensionless
K
b
Gas back pressure correction factor dimensionless
k
K
p
Overpressure correction factor dimensionless
L
HV
Latent heat of vaporization at flow temp. Btu per pound
L
V
Vessel length, tangent to tangent feet
OV
% overpressure dimensionless
M Molecular weight dimensionless
P
b
max
Maximum back pressure factor dimensionless
P
in
Set pressure psig
P
n
Operating pressure psig
P
1
Relieving pressure psia
P
2
Back pressure psia
r
Pressure ratio dimensionless
T
f
Relief temperature degR
T
n
Operating temperature degF
W
m
Flow rate lb/h
X
1
Vessel wetted portion dimensionless
Z
Compressibility factor dimensionless
Liquid Relief Known flow
1. Calculate the back pressure factor -
Standard valves -
K
W
= 1
Bellows valves.-
K
P
P
W
IN
OUT
=
|
\
| 117 .
2. Calculate the relief area -
( )
A
W
K K K G P P
m
d p w f OUT
=
19008 4
1
.
3. Calculate viscosity correction factor
R
W
A
D
m
cp
=
5 6 .
K
R R
R
v
D D
D
=

1892
0 6
0 047
. ln.ln.ln.
.
.
If the Reynolds Number is greater than 50000 then -
K
v
= 1

If the Reynolds Number is less than 100 then -
K Ln R
v D
= 0 26 0 6 . . . .
K
R
v
D
=
15
4. Calculate the viscosity corrected area -
A
A
K
v
=
5. Calculate the maximum allowable back pressure.-
Standard valves
P P
W
K K K K A
G
B IN
m
d p w v
f
MAX
=
|
\
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
19008 4
2
.
Bellows valves
Calculate

K
P
P
W
IN
OUT
=
|
\
| 117 .
Calculate A in formula 2
Increment
P
OUT
until A equals the selected valve area
Gas Relief Known Flow
r
P
P
=
2
1
2
1
1
k
k
k
+
|
\
|

2. Calculate the specific heat ratio coefficient
C k
k
k
k
=
+
|
\
|
+
520
2
1
1
1
Standard valves
K
F
C
r
b
=
735
1
2
Where -
F
k
k
r
r
r
k
k
k
2
2
1
1
1
1
=
|
\
|
\
|
|
|
Bellows valves (Typical) --

( )
K r
OV
P
b
P
IN
IN
=
+ |
\
16 0 3 118
60
70
0 04
2
. . .
.
4. Calculate the required area -

A
W
K CPK
T Z
M
m
d b
f
=
1
square inches
K
A
A
K
b
CALC
VALVE
b
MAX
=
Standard valves -
Iterate to find r
Maximum back pressure
= rP
1
147 .
psig
Bellows valves
( )
P
P K
OV
IN
IN
P
b
IN
MAX
16 0 3
118
60
70
0 04
2
. .
.
.

+ |
\
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
psig (Typical)
Steam Relief Known Flow -
r
P
P
=
2
1
2
1
1
k
k
k
+
|
\
|

2. Calculate the superheat correction factor -
K T T LogP
SH SH SH
= + 1 0 00004 0 00012
1
. .
Standard valves
K
F
C
r
b
=
735
1
2
Where -
F
k
k
r
r
r
k
k
k
2
2
1
1
1
1
=
|
\
|
\
|
|
|
Bellows valves -
( )
K r
OV
P
b
P
IN
IN
=
+ |
\
16 0 3 118
60
70
0 04
2
. . .
.
(Typical)
4. Calculate the required area
A
W
K PK K
m
d SH b
=
515
1
.
square inches
5. Calculate the maximum allowable back pressure factor
K
A
A
K
b
CALC
VALVE
b
MAX
=
Standard valves
Iterate to find r
= rP
1
147 .
psig
Bellows valves -
( )
P
P K
OV
IN
IN
P
b
IN
MAX
16 0 3
118
60
70
0 04
2
. .
.
.

+ |
\
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
psig (Typical)
6. Calculate gas valve reaction force in pounds force
( )
161
460
28 97
1
. . . .
.
.
A P C
T
M
VALVE
f
+
7. Calculate the gas valve sound pressure level (dBA @ 3 feet)
( )
85 10
460
3 42
10
+
+ |
\
| LOG
W k T
M
M f
. .
. .
Fluid Properties
should be used.
Nomenclature
A
G
f
Specific gravity at flowing temperature dimensionless
K
d
K
b
Gas back pressure correction factor dimensionless
k
K
p
K
SH
Superheat correction factor dimensionless
K
w
Liquid back pressure correction factor dimensionless
K
v
Viscosity correction factor dimensionless
OV
M
P
b
max
Maximum back pressure factor dimensionless
P
in
Set pressure psig
P
out
Back pressure psig
P
1
Relieving pressure psia
P
2
Back pressure psia
r
T
f
T
sh
Superheat degF
R
D
W
m
Flow rate lb/h
Z
Compressibility factor dimensionless
CP
Absolute viscosity centipoises
Entrapped liquid - heat exchanger -
1 Calculate the flow rate -
W
BH
C
m
=
lb/h
Entrapped liquid - pipeline -
1. Calculate the flow rate.-
W D LBG
m f
= 13 62
2
.
lb/h
(for a temperature rise of 5 degF per hour)
Both are common from here -
2 Calculate the back pressure factor -
Standard valves -
K
W
= 1
Bellows valves -
K
P
P
W
IN
OUT
=
|
\
| 117 .
3 Calculate the relief area -
( )
A
W
K K K G P P
m
d p w f OUT
=
19008 4
1
.
square inches
4 Calculate viscosity correction factor -
R
W
A
D
m
cp
=
5 6 .
K
R R
R
v
D D
D
=

1892
0 6
0 047
. ln.ln.ln.
.
.
If the Reynolds Number is greater than 50000 then -
K
v
= 1

K Ln R
v D
= 0 26 0 6 . . . .
K
R
v
D
=
15
5. Calculate the viscosity corrected area -
A
A
K
v
=
6 Calculate the maximum allowable back pressure -
Standard valves -
P P
W
K K K K A
G
B IN
m
d p w v
f
MAX
=
|
\
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
19008 4
2
.
psig
Bellows valves -
Calculate

K
P
P
W
IN
OUT
=
|
\
| 117 .
Calculate A in formula 3
Increment
P
OUT
until A equals the selected valve area
Heat Exchanger Tube Failure -
( )
A
A
K
P P P
P
TUBE
d
TUBE SHELL b
SHELL
MAX
=
15
185
.
.
square inches
The tube pressure must be greater than 150% of the shell pressure. The ruptured tube is
assumed to provide a flow area of one tube and a flow coefficient of 0.62. The is no allowance in
the formula for flashing or thermal expansion.
K
d
is 1 for 25% overpressure, 0.82 for 16% and 0.62
for 10%.
Fluid Properties
should be used.
Nomenclature
A
A
TUBE
Tube cross section area square inches
B
Liquid cubical expansion at flow temp per degF
C
Liquid specific heat BTU/lb/degF
G
f
Specific gravity at flowing temperature dimensionless
H
Total heat transfer BTU/hour
K
d
K
p
K
w
Liquid back pressure correction factor dimensionless
K
v
Viscosity correction factor dimensionless
OV
M
P
b
max
Maximum back pressure psig
P
SHELL
Shell maximum allowable working pressure psig
P
TUBE
Tube maximum allowable working pressure psig
P
in
Set pressure psig
P
out
Back pressure psig
r
T
f
R
D
W
m
Flow rate lb/h
CP
Absolute viscosity centipoise

H H. W W W 358.9628.D - .H 6.31533.W D.: AGA Flow Orifice Calculation Routines

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H H. W W W 358.9628.D - .H 6.31533.W D.: AGA Flow Orifice Calculation Routines

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AGA Flow Orifice Calculation Routines

Set initial values. C=0.6:Y=1

3. Calculate Reynolds Number

7. If the fluid is gas then calculate the expansion factor

Annubar Gas Flow

2.. Calculate the discharge coefficient -

2. Calculate the flow rate -

| 358 9268 5 941939 1

2. Calculate the discharge coefficient -

4. Calculate flow rate -

Beta ratio (d/D) dimensionless

5. Calculate Reynolds Number Factor -

Acoustic efficiency dimensionless

3. Calculate Reynolds Number

4. Calculate the beta ratio

3. Calculate Beta Ratio

4. Repeat from 2 until error is less than 0.00001

Wedge ratio ( Supplied by the manufacturer ) dimensionless

Bellows valves (Typical) --

4. Calculate the required area -

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