Experiment 2 Determining the Speed Constant of Acetone Iodation

Anastazija Ristovska

We are performing acetone iodation reaction, and the speed of nucleophilic addition of iodine to acetone is determined indirectly through measuring the speed of iodines vanishing from the solution. At time t=0 the reaction is commenced in several different flasks with equal amounts and concentrations of reactants in each, the only differing variable for each flask being the time the reaction in them is allowed to proceed for. The reactions in six different flasks were allowed to proceed for six different time periods. When the time period allotted for each individual flask passed, 25ml 0,1M NaHCO3 was added to the flask in order to freeze the reaction, i.e. to prevent from any more of the nucleophilic addition of iodine onto acetone from taking place. At that point the flask was titrated using a microburette with 0.01M Na2S2O3. The titration was carried out slowly and the thiosulfate was meant to bind any of the remaining iodine in the solution, i.e. all the iodine that has not reacted with acetone. Once the titrated solution turned pale yellow, 1ml starch solution was added to it and the solution turned blue. Then the thiosulfate titration was further carried on until the solutions blue color disappeared completely and turned transparent with the last drop thiosulfate added. The volume of thiosulfate spent was used to calculate the remaining iodine concentration, and the remaining iodine concentration was used to calculate the amount of iodine reacted, and with that the amount of acetone that has reacted at each point of interest on the reaction time coordinate. The balanced reaction for the reaction between iodine and thiosulfate is 2S2O32- + I2 S4O62- + 2I-. Thus 1 mole of thiosulfate is needed to react with 0.5 moles of iodine. The thiosulfate solution used has 0.01 moles per 1000ml, and 0.00001 moles per 1ml. The balanced reaction between acetone and iodine is CH3COCH3 + I2 CH3COCH2I + H+ + I. Time (min) 0 20 35 45 50 55 Volume of titrant (ml) 20,9 19,2 18,1 17,5 17,0 16,7 Moles thiosulfate 0,000209 0,000192 0,000181 0,000175 0,000170 0,000167 Moles iodine (a) 0.0001045 0.0000960 0.0000905 0.0000875 0.0000850 0.0000835 Moles acetone (b) 0.0001045 0.0000960 0.0000905 0.0000875 0.0000850 0.0000835 Moles iodine (x) 0 8.5x10-6 5.5x10-6 3.0x10-6 2.5x10-6 1.5x10-6 Moles acetone (x) 0 8.5x10-6 5.5x10-6 3.0x10-6 2.5x10-6 1.5x10-6

This is an autocatalytic reaction with time law:

Since acetone and iodine are in the same molar ratio, we can set a=b. The reaction rate constant values obtained are k1=46.24, k2=19.21, k3=8.71, k4=6.92, and k5=3.91. The average value for the rate constant is 17min-1mol-1L.