SELECTION OF AHU To select AHU we should have STEP ONE - TABLE 1.Select following things from HLC. A).

BTU/HR B).CFM C).SENSIBLE HEAT Ex: 51465 2505 43288

D).TONNAGE 4.3

STEP TWO - FRICTION LOSS -We have to find the FRICTION LOSS with the help of CFM and FPM. -We have the CFM from HLC and we dont have the FPM. To get the FPM we have to look in to the HVAC Anexure Table 7 Page-38 Main Duct Supply. We get the FPM as per the Applications. -Now we have the CFM & FPM -Friction Loss can be found by looking in the graph in HVAC Anaxure page-41 vertical lines are FL Ex: cfm=2505 fpm=2000 ( for private office ) FL = 0.35 ( from graph in HVAC Anaxure page-41 vertical lines are FL )

STEP THREE STATIC PRESSURE -To find the static pressure we have the formula L*fr/100 where L = longast length of duct fr = friction loss -we have the static pressure now. Ex: L=70 fr=0.35 70*0.35/100 = 0.245

STEP THREE TOTAL STATIC PRESSURE -We can find this by the formula total static pre = SP supply duct + SP return duct SP - static pressure -Static pressure for supply and return duct will be same. Ex: tsp= sd + rd tsp= 0.245 + 0.245 tsp= 0.49

STEP FOUR - COOLING CAPACITIES -Here we sellect the model of the meshine with the help of cfm. (AHU anexure page-24) -In the ahu anexure we have two units 1). SI metric 2) .ENGLISH we do the sellection in english.

-We require CFM -2500 cfm lies in the model 50TJ007 Ex: CFM : 2500 model : 50TJ007

CHECK -To check we need the BTU we change the btu to MBTU. (MBTU = BTU/1000) -Now to check we need the WBT and OUTSIDE TEMP

-For WBT and OUTSIDE TEMP we have to interpolate the values in the table (AHU anexure page-24) -The MBTU must lie in between the ( + or 10%) of outside temp. Ex: BTU = 51465 MBTU= BTU / 1000 MBTU= 51.5 OUTSIDE TEMP = 110 we have 105 = 57.2 115 = 54.4 (AHU anexure page-24) 110 = 55.8 by interpolating (AHU anexure page-24) + or - 10% of 55.8 = 5.58 we add 5.58 with outside temp 55.8 = 61.38 we sub 5.58 with outside temp 55.8 = 50.22 checking range = 50.22 to 61.38 MBTU = 51.5 with lies in between the checking range FEW THINGS FROM AHU ANEXURE -We have sellected the meshine 50TJ 007 -We have to check the discharge if it is Horizontal or Vertical, here it is Horizontal according to the space. Now nomenclature will be 50TJ H 007 -We also see the coil hear it is C- AL EVAPORATOR ,CU CONDENSER, Now nomenclature will be 50TJ H 007 C -We take 9 for 3 phase motor from catlog. Now nomenclature will be 50TJ H 007 C 9 STEP FIVE - FAN PERFORMANCE ENGLISH (HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE TO FIND FAN RPM & its WATTS -We require CFM and TOTAL STATIC PRESSURE . We have this 2things with us. -Now we have to look into the FAN PERFORMANCE HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE CHART ( AHU anaxure Page 35) and interpolate the cfm with the total static pressure or External static pressure, we get the values of FAN RPM & its WATTS. Ex: CFM = 2500 TSP = 0.49 =0.5 we have 2500 cfm but we dont have the 0.5 as static pressure so we take 0.4 & 0.6 and interpolate. 0.4 0.6 RPM 581 654 WATTS 723 924 -we have to add the RPM and divide by 2 we get the RPM of 0.5static pressure. Same for the

watt. As 0.5 is a middle value of 0.4 and 0.6 -There fore RPM = 617.5 & WATTS =823.5 STEP SIX HEATING CAPACITY - we should find the heating capacity kilo watt as well - we have the formula HEATING CAPACITY = SENSIBLE HEAT / 3.4 -we get the answer in watts and we have to convert watts into kilo watt Ex: 43288.3/3.4 = 12732 watts Heating Capacity = 12.7 kw

DUCT SIZING Date Required to find the duct sizing 1.) Layout Civil A/C m/c Duct 2.) CFM 3.) FPM -There are three types to find the duct sizes they are 1.) VELOCITY METHOD 2.) EQUAL FRICTION METHOD 3.) STATIC REGAIN METHOD 1.) VELOCITY METHOD We use this method when the main duct cfm is less than 2000 . It should have 1 to 3 branches or outlets. The duct length should be 1' to 50'. EX : Location CFM FPM A=CFM/FPM Round Duct Dia A 1300 1000 13 155"

Rectangular Duct L*W 22 X 10

2.)EQUAL FRICTION METHOD We use this method when the main duct cfm is more then 2000 and upto 10000. It should have 3 to 10 branches or outlets. The duct length should be 50' upto 100' .

EX : Location

CFM

FPM

A=CFM/FPM

Round Duct Dia

Rectangular Duct L*W

A B C D

4300 3700 3100 2500

1500 1400 1400 1300

286 264 221 192

23" 218" 205" 19"

32 X 14 30 X 14 26 X 14 22 X 14

3.)STATIC REGAIN METHOD We use this method when the main duct cfm is more then 10000. It should have more than 10 branches or outlets. The duct length should be more than 100' . Location CFM Length PD ratio = L RATIO /(Q )^0.61 12/(5750)^0. 0.06 61 FPM A= Round Rect CFM/FPM Duct Dia Duct LXH 287 23" 32 X 14

5750

12'

2000

Pressure drop ratio is taken from the annexure page 40.

DUCT SLD TO LAYOUT STEP ONE Have to know the width and Height of Machine duct coller & Duct. Check the height and width of the machine to which the duct is getting connected. If the width is less then meshin's duct coller then we understand that the taper is 2 side. If the height is different as well then we have taper for height which means we have total 3 sides taper. The 2 side of the taper can be seen in the top view of the duct layout and one side taper will be seen in the sectional view. EX: we have 3 side taper Machine duct coller is --- Width = 23" Height = 14" Duct size ------------------- Width = 18" Height = 10" STEP TWO Calculating taper length from flexible connection till duct starting. EX: Meshine duct coller is --- Width = 23" Duct Width = 18" a.) we have to substract ( Machine duct coller - Duct Width ). 23 18 = 5 Ducts are divided into three different sizes ( Small , Medium , Large ) we have three different values for this ducts ( Small=3 , Medium=4 , Large=5 ) b.) depending up on the duct size we have to multiply the value with the above difference (a) above difference = 5 large duct=5 5 * 5 = 25 c.) Rule We have to multiply the taper with 2. In this case we have 3 side taper so 3* 2=6

d.) Taper length from flexible connection till duct starting = divide b / c 25 / 6 = 4.16 5 STEP THREE Procidure to divide 2 branches from the main duct. Main duct width is = 18 " from with we have to different branches of diff sizes First brance width = 16" & Second branch width = 12" we have to find the ratio = 16 : 12 divide by 2 we get = 8 : 6 divide by 2 we get = 4 : 3 now we have to add this value 4+3=7 now we have to divide 7 with the mail duct width --------- 18 / 7 = 2.57 we have the value 2.57 we have to multiply this with ratio 4 : 3 we get 2.57 * 4 = 10.28 10" 2.57 * 3 = 7.71 8" The main duct width is divided in 2 parts one 10" which torns at 16" branch. The other part is and 8" which torns at 12" branch. STEP FOUR Making the Elbo of the duct. According to the above size we have 2 curves out curve and the inner curve for outer curve we hwve to add 2 sides for the elbow and divide by 2 EX: 10 + 16 / 2 = 13 For inner corner divide the main duct branch by 2 EX: 10 / 2 = 5

IMPORTANT GPM = TONNAGE * 2.4 HEATING CAPACITY = SENSIBLE HEAT / 3.4 UNITS STATIC PRESSURE -NUTEN / MTR = 1 PASCAL = 1 BAR * (10) ^ 5

STEP ONE - TABLE STEP TWO - FRICTION LOSS STEP THREE STATIC PRESSURE STEP FOUR - COOLING CAPACITIES STEP FIVE - FAN PERFORMANCE ENGLISH (HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE

TO FIND FAN RPM & its WATTS STEP SIX HEATING CAPACITY

STEP ONE TABLE GPM PIPE HEAD = L*FR/100

LENGTH

EQUV LENGTH

FRICTION

HEAD

PUMP HP = GPM * HEAD * SPEC GRAVITY / 3960 * % OF EFFIENCY

TYPE OF AC'S -window ac 1 to 3 ton small room , shops, offices. -Split ac 1 to 5 tons small room , shops, offices. -Package A/C or Dx direct expansion system Capacity (5 Ton -100 Ton) Restaurants Villas Hospitals and Corporate Offices -Central A/C (Capacity 25Ton to 2,35000 Ton) (Residential, Commercial buildings High rise and Low rise) -HVAC The day and night (summer or winter) or round the year a/c System is with cooling and heating option is called HVAC. IMP NOMINAL ACTUAL- What is the difference between NOMINAL and ACTUAL in hvac? NOMINAL-The values from the catlog are nominal, calculated according to nominal temperature. ACTUAL- The values that are calculated according to exact temperatuer of a particular city is called actual Tonnage or CFM or Cooling Capacity etc. STATIC PRESSURE DEFF In an air distribution system the pressure the fan must supply to over come the resistance to the airflow through the system duct work & system components is called static pressure. STATIC HEAD or PRESSURE HEAD DEFF It is the pressure of a floid due to the head of fluid above some refference point. STATIC HEAD OF A PUMP- The static head of a pump is the max height it can deliver. Its units are foot or mtrs. CONVERSION FORMULAS Celsius to Fahrenheit Fahrenheit to Celsius

= ( celsius * 1.8 ) + 32 = ( fahrenheit - 32 ) / 1.8

Convert GPM to m = GPM * 26 / 100 EX: 100 gpm = 26 m/hr 320 gpm = ? 320 * 26 / 100 = 83.2 m/hr Specific volume - is defined as the volume of one pound of dry air at a specific temperature and pressure. As one pound of air is heated it occupies more spacethe specific volume increases. Supply Air Flow Condition or Temperature The supply air condition should be 56.5F DB and 55.2F WB. This air temperature should be supplied in the room to maintain the room comfort condition to 76F .

ENTHALPY - The total heat energy in one pound of air (Btu / hr) at its present condition. ENTHALPY (h) = SENSIBLE HEAT + LATENT HEAT Another property of air, Enthalpy describes the total amount of heat energy, both sensible and latent, in one pound of air at its present condition. It is expressed in Btu per pound of dry air (Btu/lb). When displayed in formulas, enthalpy is usually designated as h. DETERMINING TONS OF REFRIGERATION Refrigeration Load (Btu/hr) = 4.5 * Supply Airflow * (h1 h2) h1 = enthalpy of air entering the coil (Btu / hr) h1 = enthalpy of air leaving the coil (Btu / hr)