Problem Statement:

Power quality has become major issue for both the electric utility industries and their commercial and industrial customers. Conventionally electrical power can be described as: 1 1 sin sin 2 = (1 cos 2) + sin 2 cos (1 cos 2) + 2 2 () = () + () () =

Where pact(t) is the real or active or useful power and preactive(t) is the power oscillating in the power system due to the charging components like inductor and capacitor. But the advancements in the power electronics and its excessive involvement in power industry have altered these definitions a bit. Now pact(t) is not the total useful power and preactive(t) is also cause by power electronic components. Moreover, non-linear loads like switching circuits, speed control circuits, welding plants, thermal loads, variable frequency drives; motor controls, power invertors, cyclo convertors, high frequency induction furnaces, etc tends to produce harmonics distortion in power lines. These high frequency harmonic components cause greater magnetization and heating losses in the cores of electrical machines and transmission lines. Another disadvantage is distortion power factor. The effects of harmonic distortion are hard to measure while the end results are easy to understand - higher operating costs and lower reliability.

Solution Statement: The active power filter concept uses power electronics to introduce current components, which cancel the harmonic components of the non-linear loads. The active power filter is connected in parallel with the ac line, and constantly injects currents that precisely correspond to the harmonic components drawn by the load. The result is that the current supplied by the power source remains sinusoidal. This resultant sinusoidal waveform is in phase with the line voltage and it helps in improving the power factor of

the system. Active power filters are more advantageous in terms of size, response and sensitivity as compared to traditional solutions that minimize harmonic currents effects.

OBJECTIVE The main objective of this project is to design a model of single phase active power filter.
Tasks/objectives planned to achieve this project -

It will provide an insight in to the field of Power Quality It will provide an understanding of adverse effects of harmonics in a power line It will include comparative Study of fundamental theories of harmonic mitigation It will include an in depth study and understanding of Power Inverter

Work which is required to be completed for achieving your set objectives -

Study of harmonics and their effects on system Study of Switching Devices Study of PWM techniques with proper control methods Implementation of APF on Simulink to have a simulation version of prototype Algorithm building that is to be implemented Implementation of prototype

Troubleshooting

Deliverables which you will be giving in the end e.g. a prototype, simulation, an algorithm or a design. Relevant to Final Scoring -

Simulation of the algorithm developed

BENEFICIARIES
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Power Industry

PROJECT MANAGEMENT The project is divided and will be managed as per the following sequence:

Study of Digital Signal Processor

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Study of analog to digital converters Study of sampling techniques and errors Study of relation of ADC input to Instrument transformer output Study of DAC

Instrument Transformer
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Study of current and potential transformers Understanding of scaling of instrument transformers Study of errors that could occur

Algorithm Development
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Study of basic theories and techniques Study of modern algorithms and techniques Comparative study of algorithms Derivation of equations Algorithm compilation

Power Electronics
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Study of Power Inverters

Study of Switching devices with operational characteristics Study of PWM methods Study of interfacing inductor value and characteristics

Milestones:
a) Circuit implementation of instrument transformers b) Circuit implementation of ADC c) Programming of control algorithm adopted d) Circuit implementation of signal processor and DAC e) Circuit implementation of Power Inverter and PWM

GANTT CHART Tasks

Milestone 1 Milestone 2 Milestone 3 Milestone 4 Milestone 5 Milestone 6 Report Writing

Jan

Feb

Mar

April

May

June

July

August

Sept