[Nov-12] [EUREC-732] B.Tech.

DEGREE EXAMINATION Electronics & Communication Engineering VII SEMESTER DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
(Effective from the admitted batch 200809)

Time: 3 Hours Max.Marks: 60 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Instructions: Each Unit carries 12 marks. Answer all units choosing one question from each unit. All parts of the unit must be answered in one place only. Figures in the right hand margin indicate marks allotted. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

UNIT-I 1. a) Define the following: i) Sampling & quantization ii) M-adjacency iii) Imaging geometry b) Write an algorithm for Histogram Equalization OR 2. a) What is meant by Histogram of an image? Give one example 5 b) Define the following (i) Relationship between pixels (ii) Image Zooming (iii) Image Acquisition (2+2+3) UNIT-II 3. a) What are the separable and non separable transforms? Explain b) Obtain Haar transform matrix for N=4 and mention some of its applications c) Write the properties of unitary transform OR 4. a) Write Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) pair and explain how one can evaluate them using FFT algorithm b) How the Hotelling transform is formulated, and explain how this is applied to rotation of image? Mention some of its advantages 2 3 6 3

(2+2+3) 5

c) For a set of images 64X64, assume that the covariance matrix is an identity matrix. What would be the mean square error between original images and images reconstructed with only half of the original eigen vectors UNIT-III 5. a) Indicate the cases where the application of histogram equalization technique fails to provide proper image enhancement and give how this drawback is overcome in such cases b) Explain about Homomorphic filtering with the help of block diagram and discuss its application in image enhancement c) Write 2-D; nth order Butterworth high pass filter Transfer function OR 6. a) What are the various frequency domain filters used for image sharpening and discuss two such filters b) In Image smoothing, how the neighborhood averaging technique is used to reduce the image blurring c) What are different color models? Explain UNIT-IV 7. a) Write short notes on any three image compression standards b) What is blocking artifact in DCT based image compression scheme? c) Obtain Huffman code for the following set of symbols, along with the efficiency Symbol P Q R S Probability 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1

4 6 2

6 3 3

5 2 5

OR 8. a) Explain about (i) Run length coding (ii) Contour coding b) Why Zig-Zag scanning is preferred in JPEG standard c) Distinguish between scalar & vector quantization, mention the different steps employed in the coding of images using vector quantization UNIT-V 9. a) Explain the role of Hough Transform in edge linking and boundary detection b) What are the differences between image enhancement techniques and restoration techniques c) What are the effects of diagonalization on the degradation model? OR 10. a) Explain about Inverse filtering along with the limitations of it b) In what way algebraic approach is preferred for Restoration explain c) Explain about Regional descriptors 4 2

6 3 3 6 3 3

[4/VII S/112]