Casoron G

Expanding the window of weed control is a major advantage when the two problems confronting the landscaper are: (1) the time of year that weeds germinate, and (2) the close proximity of weeds to valuable plant species. Spring is the time when most weeds normally appear it is also the time when they are most vulnerable to herbicides. However, spring is also the period when other plants are growing and time is at a premium. Casoron G is a ready for use granule which is applied early in the season avoiding labour peaks. Casoron G overcomes these problems with one application giving season-long weed control. Casoron G is a granular pre- and postemergence herbicide providing both selective and total weed control. A single application will give season-long control of most: broad-leaved weeds and grasses; existing weeds and germinating weeds; a wide range of annual and perennial weeds; difficult weeds, e.g. Groundsel and Horsetail. The ready-for-use formulation eliminates the need for mixing and makes for easy application. Dichlobenil is the active ingredient in the Casoron G granule. Dichlobenil crystals are evenly distributed within the granules which are manufactured by compaction of a homogeneous powder. Dichlobenil has a very low degree of water solubility, resulting in little movement down the soil profile or sideways. It has a high vapour pressure and therefore a granule formulation reduces premature evaporation before entering the top 5-10cm layer of soil. It is important that this layer of soil is not disturbed because bringing untreated soil to the surface by hoeing or hand weeding can reduce its effectiveness. The herbicidal activity of dichlobenil is due to its inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis in plant meristems. This means that it disrupts the cell building tissue. It is important to apply early in the season to have maximum effect on germinating weed seeds and renewed growth of perennial weeds. When Casoron G granules are applied to the soil, they disintegrate under the influence of moisture, and the active ingredient, dichlobenil, is gradually released. Dichlobenil is only very slightly soluble in water and is readily adsorbed onto soil particles and organic matter.

Casoron G
Contains 6.75% w/w dichlobenil.

A residual herbicide for use around roses, ornamental trees and shrubs, for total control and aquatic areas

Selective and total weed control. Pre- and post- weed control. Ready-for-use granular formulation for easy application. Controls aquatic weeds in shallow water areas. Pack sizes: 4 x 5kg bags inside carton 25kg carton Packs per outer: 1 x 4 x 5kg 1 x 25kg Pack coverage: 5kg pack: Selective 400-890sq.m Total 222-400sq.m Aquatic 333-1,111sq.m 25kg pack: Selective 2,000-4,465sq.m Total 1,110-2,000sq.m Aquatic 1,665-5,555sq.m Suggested use period
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Therefore, it is not subject to leaching or lateral movement and remains in the top 5-10cm of soil. Dichlobenil decomposes in the soil partly by evaporation and partly by soil microorganisms. This decomposition is dependent upon conditions such as soil type, soil moisture and weather. As well as selective and total weed control Casoron G has approval for use as an aquatic herbicide in shallow water, with a broad spectrum of control.

CASORON G

After application to the water surface, Casoron G granules sink into the mud and disintegrate. The active ingredient, dichobenil, is released and adsorbed onto the mud. it is then taken up through the roots and by translocation reaches the growing points of the plant, causing the death of susceptible weeds. The dose of Casoron G is not related to the water volume as is the case with some other aquatic herbicides. Uptake from the soil enables partial treatment of submerged weeds, and in this respect, Casoron G is unique.

can be kept weed-free with Casoron G. Many shrub beds are mulched to reduce weed growth and retain moisture in the soil. Applying Casoron G immediately prior to mulching will prevent weeds growing through the mulch. Trees and shrubs have been tested for tolerance to Casoron G applied at selective treatment application rates. Table 1 lists the tolerant species and Table 2 lists the species which may be affected by Casoron G. When treating species not listed in Table 1 users are advised to treat only a limited number of specimens in the first instance to determine phytotoxicity. Such use, however, is at users own risk. Shrubs or trees underplanted with bulbs or herbaceous plants must not be treated. Some conifer species, such as Norway Spruce for Christmas tree production, are susceptible to dichlobenil and should not be treated because their bark structure can be soft.

Where to use
The application rates of Casoron G can be varied to give selective or total weed control:

Selective Weed Control

Areas around trees and shrubs in parks, alongside roads and motorways, plantings around buildings, hedges and windbreaks

Table 1: Established plants tolerant to Casoron G at recommended rates Acer pseudo-platanus Ilex aquifolium (Sycamore) Laburnum Aucuba (Japanese Laurel) Ligustrum (Privet) Azalea Malus (Crab Apple) Bamboo Philadelphus Berberis Picea (Spruce)* Betula Pinus (Pine) Buddleia Prunus (Cherry) Cornus (Dogwood) Pyrus (Pear) Cotoneaster Quercus (Oak) Crataegus (Hawthorn) Rhododendron Deutzia Ribes (Currant) Erica (Heathers) Rosa Escallonia Salix (Willow) Euonymus Sorbus (Rowan) Fagus (Beech) Spiraea Forsythia Syringa (Lilac) Fraxinus (Ash) Tamarix Hibiscus Viburnum Hydrangea Weigela Ilex altaclarensis (Holly) *Do NOT apply to Norway Spruce when grown for Christmas tree production.

Table 2: Plants NOT tolerant to Casoron G Gleditsia spp Ilex crenata Ilex rotunda Ilex vomitoria Larix spp (Larch) Rhamnus frangula Sambucus spp (Elder) Senecio greyi Symphoricarpos spp (Snowberry)

Do NOT apply Casoron G to above species.

CASORON G

Total Weed Control

Casoron G can be used in many non-crop areas where total weed control is needed for up to 12 months. Possible areas of treatment include industrial areas, railway sites and lines, play areas, fence lines and pathways, providing soil is present for the uptake of dichlobenil. Casoron G can be applied before weed emergence. With many other total herbicides weeds have to emerge before use, which result in unsightly dead weeds and make the public aware that a herbicide has been used. Weeds germinating through paths and asphalt areas, eg tennis courts, are not only unsightly but can cause structural damage to the surface. When Casoron G is applied immediately prior to laying down the surface, weeds are prevented from growing and germinating from beneath and breaking the surface. This treatment can be effective for several years as Casoron G does not move down the soil profile and volatilisation via the soil surface is prevented.

ABSORPTION IN THE GROUND

1. After application granules begin to disintegrate aided by any moisture. Dichlobenil is released and absorbed into the top layer of ground. It is then adsorbed onto the soil making sideways movement extremely unlikely.
HERBICIDAL BARRIER

WEED SEEDS DIE OFF

Aquatic Weed Control

Casoron G controls a wide range of broadleaved emergents, most submerged and rooted floating species. Casoron G is intended for use either in still waterbodies such as ponds and lakes, or in sluggishly flowing water courses drains, ditches etc providing the flow rate does not exceed 90m/hour. Casoron G is not recommended in faster flowing water unless the flow can be stopped for a minimum of seven days after application.

2. Dichlobenil is most active on the plant meristem disrupting it and preventing cell division. Seeds which attempt to germinate in this herbicidal barrier die. If young roots, meristems and shoots grow through it they will be affected and die.This growth is found in the spring when regrowth occurs.

HERBICIDAL BARRIER

When to use
Trees and shrubs should be established for at least two years in their final planting position before applying Casoron G. Apply late winter (usually JanuaryMarch) before the onset of spring growth. Apply Casoron G to slightly moist soil during cool weather conditions for best results, ideally with light rain falling shortly after application. Do not apply to frozen or snow covered ground. Where moderate or severe weed infestation is present at the end of a season, especially grasses, a late autumn (November) application is recommended. This treatment will mean that persistence into the following year might be reduced. Alternatively, a split application may be made by applying two thirds of the recommended rate in the autumn, followed in the spring by a similar dose.

3. Perennial weeds. Moisture and temperature activate the dichlobenil which remains active for up to a full growing season. Physical cultivation will disturb this herbicidal barrier and should be avoided.

HERBICIDAL BARRIER

4. Existing vegetation, such as surface rooted grasses and annual weeds situated within the dichlobenil barrier will be affected and die within approximately 23 weeks.

HERBICIDAL BARRIER

Selective Weed Control

Apply only to outdoor roses and ornamentals which have been established for a minimum of two years after final planting.

5. If Casoron G is applied correctly, it will not affect most trees and shrubs with root systems situated underneath the herbicidal barrier. Certain conifers such as Norway Spruce may be affected because of bark structure.

CASORON G

Outdoor roses: Apply before any signs of bud movement, usually in early February. Ornamental shrubs and trees: Apply before onset of spring growth, usually in February or early March. See Table 1 for Casoron G tolerant species.

reflect the different rates of dichlobenil active ingredient at different rates of product application. Resistant established perennial weeds are: Bramble, Cranes-bill, Hogweed, Hop, Nightshade and Small Scabious. NOTE 1. Avoid local overdosing, especially around the base of stems. 2. Under certain circumstances leaf margin chlorosis may occur but this has been shown not to affect growth. 3. Where mulching is practiced apply before mulching. 4. DO NOT APPLY: In or around glasshouses or near hops. When plant foliage is wet as granules may then lodge on leaves or in leaf axils and cause damage. To snow covered ground. To frozen or waterlogged ground. To areas under-planted with bulbs, or containing herbaceous stock or annual plants. To sites within 18 months of sowing or re-planting. If the site has been cultivated within this period and herbicide residues incorporated into the soil, the activity of the herbicide may be prolonged and result in a check to certain ornamental species. 5. DO NOT disturb treated soil by hoeing, etc., or weed control may be impaired.

Total Weed Control

Apply before the end of spring, preferably in February or March, for best results.

Aquatic Weed Control

Casoron G should be applied in the early spring when active weed growth commences, usually in March to May. This overcomes the likelihood of subsequent water deoxygenation due to die back of heavy weed stands. A single application will provide effective control of susceptible weeds for an entire season.

How to use
Selective and Total Weed Control
Apply evenly over the areas to be treated by hand applicator or suitable mechanical spreader. All ornamental species must be established for at least two years before treating surrounding soil. Weeds Controlled Increasing the rate of dichlobenil will broaden the susceptible weed spectrum and lengthen the persistence of control. The rates of Casoron G shown in Table 3 Table 3: Selective and Total Treatment Rate of application grams per 10sq.m (kilogram per hectare). Casoron G Dichlobenil a.i 56g per 10sq. m 3.78 Control of germinating annual and perennial weeds and light to moderate infestation of established annuals listed below: Black-grass Chamomile, Stinking Charlock Chickweed, Common Fat-hen Groundsel Marigold, Corn Mayweed, Scentless Meadow-grass, Annual Mouse-ear, Common Mustard, Hedge Nettle, Small Orache, Common Poppy, Common Sow-thistle Spurrey, Corn Wild-oat 80g per 10sq. m 5.40 Provides greater persistence. At this rate certain established perennial weeds may also be suppressed. 100g per 10sq. m 6.75 Control as previous rate but including the following established perennial weeds: Colts-foot Creeping Soft-grass Dandelion, Common Dock Horsetail, Field Mallow, Common Meadow-grass, Smooth-stalked Plantain Thistle Willowherb

125g per 10sq. m 8.44 Broadens weed control including established weeds listed below: Black-bindweed Cleavers Knotgrass Mercury, Annual Redshank Shepherds-purse Speedwell Established perennials: Bracken Cocks-foot Couch, Common Cress, Hoary Yellow-cress, Creeping Ground-elder Meadow-grass, Rough Nettle, Common Ryegrass, Perennial

170g per 10sq. m 11.48 Weeds listed below are unlikely to be controlled at lower rates but may be checked at increased rates. Bindweed, Field Bindweed, Hedge Buttercup Cinquefoil Clover Club-rush, Common Hemp-agrimony Lucerne Medick, Black Mugwort Reed, Common Rush, Toad Sedge Silverweed Spike-rush Vernal-grass, Sweet Wall-rocket, Perennial Wormwood, Field

225g per 10sq. m 15.19 Improved control of severe infestations and to give greater persistence for up to 12 months.

SELECTIVE USE AROUND ORNAMENTALS

Consult current product label before use.

TOTAL WEED CONTROL

CASORON G

Horsetail

Floating Sweet-grass

Stonewort

Water-violet

Water-soldier

Water Dock

Mares-tail

Frogbit

Water-crowfoots

Horned Pondweed

Water-milfoil

Grass-leaved Pondweeds

Pondweeds

Mosses

Mosses

Rush

CASORON G

Aquatic Weed Control

Apply by hand, air assisted motorised knapsack or other mechanical applicators direct to the water surface or Water Depth Rate mm kg/ha exposed hydrosoil. Care 300 45 should be taken 600 84 to ensure the 900 123 even distribution 900+ 150 of granules. Partial Treatment Adequate control can be achieved by clearing only those areas necessary to maintain the functions of the water body. Partial treatment can be made somewhat later, once it can be seen where localised control is required. As this may then increase the risk of deoxygenation caused by weed die-back, it is inadvisable to treat more than 10-20% of the waterbody.

Applicators
Cascade: Hand-held gravity flow 5kg Casoron G applicator suitable for treating small areas. Rate of application is adjusted by a changeable dosage tube and walking speed. The swath width of the deflector plate is approximately 0.4m. Urgent 101: A knapsack gravity flow applicator for 10kg Casoron G. Dosage rates can be adjusted by a dial knob providing flexibility of application rates along with walking speed. A deflector plate provides uniform distribution. It is suitable for treating most areas. Swath width metal deflector plate: 0.2m. Swath width plastic deflector plate: 0.4m. There is also an Urgent powered applicator for Casaron G.

Weeds Controlled
Susceptible Sub. Com. Water-starwort Sub. Fennel Pondweed Em. Water Horsetail Sub. Rigid Hornwort Sub. Ivy-leaved Duckweed Em. Marsh Horsetail Sub. Water-milfoil Sub. Water-crowfoot Em. Floating Sweet-grass Sub. Canadian Waterweed Sub. Curled Pondweed Em. Arrowhead Sub. Water-violet Em. Mares-tail Fl. Frogbit Sub. Willow Moss Em. Water Dock Alg. Stonewort Sub. Horned Pondweed Em. Water-soldier* Moderately Susceptible Em. Water-plantain Em. Water-dropworts Em. Lesser Water-parsnip Em. Water-cress Fl. Broad-leaved Pondweed Moderately Resistant Fl. Yellow Water-lily Fl. Amphibious Bistort Em. Branched Bur-reed Fl. White Water-lily Sub. Shining Pondweed Resistant Em. Flowering-rush Em. Bulrush Em. Common Club-rush Em. Marsh-marigold Em. Reed Canary-grass* Em. Soft Rush Em. Sedges Em. Common Reed Fl. Common Duckweed Em. Yellow Iris Alg. All filamentous algae (Cott) KEY Alg. = Algae Em. = Emergent spp Fl. = Floating spp Sub. = Submerged spp *In certain areas this plant, because of its rarity, is of botanical interest and importance. Where it is present local naturalists should be consulted before treatment.

Other information
Treated water should not be used for irrigation within 14 days of application, or until concentration of active ingredient below 0.3ppm. Keep granules dry before treatment. Empty Casoron G containers can be collected and disposed of from the UK mainland by using the Scotts UK Professional Container Collection Scheme. Telephone 0845 7125398 for details. This product must not be used in water supply systems. These are rain water storage, reservoirs, treatment works and distribution systems that store, treat and supply water for domestic purposes of drinking, washing and cooking. The use of aquatic herbicides is subject to the requirements set out in the Guidelines for the use of herbicides on weeds in or near water courses. Copies are obtainable from: Defra Publications, Admail 6000, London SW1A 2XX, quoting ref. PB2289.