Abstract A setup consisting of a long filament lamp, screen, and convex lens was used to determine the height

of the image formed. The distance of the image from the lenses was measured and then compared to the expected distance predicted by the thin lens equation in order to verify the equation. A graph of the magnification vs object distance divided by image distance was constructed to measure the relationship between these two quantities.

Introduction The purpose of the experiment was to test whether our results matched what the thin lens equation predicts what our image distance should be as well as to analyze the relationship between magnification (M) vs object distance divided by image distance (s/s). The setup is shown in Figure 2. Prediction
The image distance should always be so that the 1/s + 1/s = 1/f where f is the focal length. In other words, the image distance should satisfy the thin lens equation. The relationship between m and s/s should be inverse because the magnification equation is, m = hi/ho = -s/s where hi and ho are image and object height respectively. Due to the minus sign, the graph should look similar to the graph of the equation y= -1/x shown below.

Procedure

Figure 2: Experimental setup that was used. This report uses S and S for the object and image distance but the figure shows O and i respectively simply because the figure was obtained from an outside source1. The focal length is shown as f.

The object was placed at varying distances from the convex lens but always outside the focal length so a real image would form on the screen. The object distance and image distances were measured as well as the heights. The focal length was varied by using a different convex lens.

Results
Trial 1 2 3 4 5 6 Focal length S (cm) (cm) 20 20 10 10 10 20 65 27 14 40 19 42 S (cm) 27 67 30 13 19 36 H0 (cm) 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 Hi (cm) 3.3 18.5 17 2.8 8.1 6.2 M -0.42 -2.48 -2.14 -0.33 -1.0 -0.86

Table 1: Summary of parameters of trials.

Figure 3: Plot of M vs S/S. The plot shows the relationship between magnification and S/S.

Analysis As predicted the relationship between the magnification and the object distance divided by image distance was an inverse one because as seen in Figure 3 when the magnitude of the
magnification increases, S/S decreases. The negative on the magnification means that the image was inverted. The measured values for the image distance, S, matched closely with what the thin lens equation predicted. A sample calculation of trial 1 can verify this. 1/f = 1/s + 1/s (1/20) (1/65) = 1/s s= 28.9 Comparing this value to our measured value of 27, it can be seen that our results do indeed verify the thin lens equation within error.

Conclusion
It was found that the magnification and s/s are inversely related and that the thin lens equation can indeed be used to find the image distance accurately given the focal length and object distance.