Thermodynamics Homework 3 Solution

1. Water flows downhill through a turbine that is connected to an electrical generator. Water is supplied at an elevation of 210 ft above the generator at a volumetric flow rate of 180 cfs. Electrical power is generated at a rate of 2.6 MW. The generator efficiency is 96%. a. What is the overall efficiency of the turbine & generator? b. What is the mechanical efficiency of the turbine? c. How much power is the turbine producing at the shaft (in hp)?

2. An electric motor drives a pump, which moves a liquid fluorocarbon from a pipe with an inlet diameter of into a pipe with an outlet diameter of at a rate of . The motor uses of electric power. The specific volume of the fluorocarbon is . The pressure rise across the pump is . The motor efficiency is . a. Determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump ( ). b. Using the efficiency you calculate in Part a, use EES to graph the volumetric flow rate (m 3/s) as a function of exit diameter from 0.1 cm to 15 cm. Describe in words why your graph looks the way it does.
Note: I would use EES to solve this entire problem and then check it by hand. You dont have to, but using syntax such as the following makes it easier to interpret your code (press F10 to see formatted equations). D_2 = 8 [cm] * convert(cm,m) exit diameter DELTA_P = 510 [kPa] V_hat = 0.0012 [m^3/kg] V_dot = 0.15 [m^3/s] volumetric flow rate m_dot = V_dot / V_hat mass flow rate v_2 = V_dot / A_2 fluid velocity leaving the pump A_2 = pi/4*D_2^2 cross-sectional pipe area leaving pump, assuming circular eta_motor = 0.83 W_dot_elec = 200 [kW] DELTA_E_dot_mech = W_dot_elec * eta_pump * eta_motor
Assume elevation change is negligible

0.3

0.2

V [m3/s]
0.1 0 0

0.05

0.1

0.15

D2 [m]

3. The piston-cylinder device has the following geometry. The mass of the piston is 10 kg. The lower volume contains water and water vapor in equilibrium. The other two volumes contain air at the specified pressures. What is the temperature in the lower volume? Try this in EES once youve calculated
temperature(steam_IAPWS, P=P_1, x=0)

: T_1 =

Compare the value to what youd look up in Table A-5 your book that table was generated with EES using steam_IAPWS.

of

4. For the following table, use the saturated and superheated water tables in the appendix to fill out the blank information. Do it by hand for practice (this is a critical skill to have on the exams). Then use EES to check your work. To find the phase on EES, try something like:
phase_1$ = phase$(steam_IAPWS, T = 100 [C], P = 80 [kPa])

It should return phase1$ = 'superheated' when you run it.

T, oC 116.04 172.5 1300 145 150 P, kPa 175 842 7013 415.7 250 u, kJ/kg 486.8 1500 4676.1 1018 2574 X 0 0.417 N/A 0.21 N/A Phase Description Saturated Liquid Saturated LiquidVapor Mixture Superheated Vapor Saturated LiquidVapor Mixture Superheated vapor