Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 8

)(' %&$$

$
* &, *  -
" &/0

http://phychi.voila.net

6  '(0:" $ 345


  9$ : Ke = 10-14
          # "!!   .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* ( : 7
 .1
!  :
( pH < log K e
1
( log K e
2
( pH = log K e

< pH

1
"( pH < log K e
2

Ke
(
2
( ] [ HO ] > [ H 3O +
< ] [ H 3O +

Ke
(
2
K
1
( [ H 3 O + ] = e
( pH > log K e
2
2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .2
! @) "  & 68 %  *  -  
   KA:
( pH > pK A
( pH < pK A
( pH = pK A
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
 923.  .3 * )'(   pH
!:
( ;..
( ./23.
( .  ,-%.
( ;. ()  /0
1 1* )( /23. 56.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
 923.  .4 '(   pH
!:
( ;..
( .  ,-%.
( ./23.
( ;. ()  /0
1 1* )( /23. 56.
> ] [ H 3O +

http://phychi.voila.net

.5

.6

.7

.8

!
 5% 0G * 5. 90N /;" 923.  CH
!'( %&G -  D2 )@E
C /
:
( ;..
( ./23.
( .  ,-%.
( ;. ()  /0
1 1* )( /23. 56.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
 5% 0G  5. 20N;" 923.  CH
!'( %&G -  D2 )@E - C
:
"( ;..
( ./23.
( .  ,-%.
( ;. ()  /0
1 1* )( /23. 56.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
 5% 0G * /  5.;" 923.  .CH
! 5 100 ' (N  O V KL* ,H

! (':
( * KL  5R-  ,
! :
100V .i
90V
0V .ii
99V
9V .iii
(
KL !
! )@E :
99V
9V .i
100V
V .ii
90V
0V .iii
( 5.;
!  0 923:
100C .i
90C .ii
99C .iii
C
.iv
100
C
.v
90
C
.vi
99
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  !
 pH * / !5. S;" : C=10-2mol.L-1
( &. .2
( .2 O 5%
( .2 O 5UV
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://phychi.voila.net

!
 pH   .9 * 5. 90N /;" : C=10-2mol.L-1
( &. .2
( .2 O 5%
( .2 O 5UV
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .10 !
 pH   ^G * A1H 90N / 5.; C!
 pH   O 5% * A2H 90N /
` c2G 5; '( C:
(
A1H /  O
.A2H /
(
A1H / O 90N
.A2H /
( %&G - D2 1
C A1H /  %&G O 5% - D2 2
C A2H /
.

(  
 ; ! KA1[ A1 H / A1   O 5%
 ; ! KA2[
. A2 H / A2
"( ]  ; ! pKA1[ A1 H / A1 O 5% ]  ; ! pKA2[ . A2 H / A2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;. .11  * /!   ^G ]  pKA5%.
;. .12   !   ^G ]  pKA5%.
;. .13  * /!   ^G ]  -. pKA .7  -
;. .14   !   ^G ]  -. pKA .7  -
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;. .15 -) AH 90N / * %&G `. %&G C G 5( (A- -! :
(   pH
!
( pH   ^23G
!
( !   pH   ^-
!  .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------50  .16 *  90N / Ra  .    pH (\:
( .7 O 5%
( &. .7
( .7 O 5UV
( * G 7 O 5% * G56 .7 O 5UV
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------50  .17 *  AH 90N / Ra  .    pH (\:
( pKA O 5% ;[ AH / A .
( pKA O 5UV ;[ . AH / A
( &. pKA ;[ . AH / A
( * G pKA O 5% ;[ AH / A * G56 .5UV

http://phychi.voila.net

:\( 9dG  pH   .   Ra AH 90N / * 50  .18
AH / A [ ;pKA O 5%(
. AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
. AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
.5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:\(  pH   . / * Ra 20N 50  .19
.7 O 5%(
.7 &. (
.7 O 5UV(
.7 O 5UV 56 G* 7 O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\(  pH   . / * Ra A- 20N 50  .20
AH / A . [ ;pKA O 5%(
. AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
. AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
.5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:\( 9dG  pH   . / * Ra A- 20N 50  .21
AH / A [ ;pKA O 5%(
. AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
. AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
.5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://phychi.voila.net

;7
: 
!  .1
Ke
2
K
eR6 [ H 3O + ] = e
2
K
f
V [ H 3O + ] < e
2

f
V [ HO ] > [ H 3O + ]

eR6 [ H 3O + ] >

(
(

eR6 pH < log K e


eR6 pH <

1
log K e (
2

eR6 pH = log K e (
1
(
f
V pH > log K e (
2
(
1
eR6 pH < log K e ("
2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:  KA 
   - * 68 %&  " )@ 
!
pK e
( pK A
5g H S H h-
.

 V L )  eR6 pH > pK A (
2
pK e
(
< pH 5g H S H h-
.

 V L )  eR6 pH < pK A (
2
pK e
( pK A >
:5g H S H h-
.

 V L )  eR6 pH = pK A (
2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:
!pH   (') * 
!923. 
f
V .;. (
eR6 ./23. (
eR6 .  ,-%. (
eR6 .56 1* )( /23. 1
/0 )( ;. (
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:
!pH   (' 
! 923. 
eR6 .;. (
eR6 .  ,-%. (
f
V ./23. (
eR6 .56 1* )( /23. 1
/0 )( ;. (
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------D2 )@E  -  %&G ('
!H 923.  C ";5. [;@ () S2  / * 
!5% 0G
: C /

f
V.;. (
eR6 ./23. (
eR6 .  ,-%. (
eR6 .56 1* )( /23. 1
/0 )( ;. (
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://phychi.voila.net

.2

.3

.4

.5

: C - D2 )@E  -  %&G ('


!H 923.  C ";5. 20N 
! 5% 0G
f
V .;. (
eR6 ./23. (
eR6 .  ,-%. (
eR6 .56 1* )( /23. 1
/0 )( ;. (
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H O V KL* , (  N' 5 100
!H 923.  .C ";5. / * 
!5% 0G
:
! ('
:
! ,  5R-  KL* (
eR6 100V .vii
eR6 90V .viii
f
V 99V .ix
: 923  0 @) !
!E KL
(
eR6 99V .x
f
V 100V
100 .xi
eR6 90V .xii
: 923  0 ;
!5. (
eR6 100C .xiii
eR6 90C .xiv
eR6 99C .xv
C
f
V
.xvi
100
C
eR6
.xvii
90
C
eR6
.xviii
99
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: C=10-2mol.L-1 ";5. S !/ * 
!pH  
f
V .2 &. (
eR6 .2 O 5%(
eR6 .2 O 5UV(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: C=10-2mol.L-1 ";5. [;@ () S2  / * 
!pH  
eR6 .2 &. (
f
V .2 O 5%(
eR6 .2 O 5UV(

http://phychi.voila.net

.6

.7

.8

.9

` A2H 90N / * 
!pH   O 5% C ;5. A1H 90N / * 
!pH   ^G .10
: ('C ;5 c2G
eR6 .A2H /
O A1H /
(
f
V .A2H /
O 90N A1H /
(
eR6 . C A2H /
D2 2 -  %&G O 5%  C A1H /
D2 1 -  %&G (
eR6 . A2 H / A2 [ ! ;KA2 
  O 5% A1 H / A1 [ ! ;KA1 
(  
f
V . A2 H / A2 [ ! ;pKA2  ] O 5% A1 H / A1 [ ! ;pKA1  ] "(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------eR6 .5% pKA  ] ^ G !  / * ; . .11
f
V .5% pKA  ] ^ G;   !  . .12
eR6 .7  -  -. pKA  ] ^ G !  / * ; . .13
eR6 .7  -  -. pKA  ] ^ G;   !  . .14
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: !( A- -(5 ` . %&G C G-) AH 90N / * %&G ;. .15
eR6 .
!pH   (
f
V
!pH   ^23G(
eR6 . 
!pH   ^-  !(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:(Ke = 10-14% ) \(  pH   .   Ra 90N / * 50  .16
f
V .7 O 5%(
eR6 .7 &. (
eR6 .7 O 5UV(
eR6 .7 O 5UV 56 G* 7 O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:\(  pH   .   Ra AH 90N / * 50  .17
f
V AH / A . [ ;pKA O 5%(
eR6 . AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
eR6 . AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
eR6 .5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:\( 9dG  pH   .   Ra AH 90N / * 50  .18
eR6 AH / A [ ;pKA O 5%(
eR6 . AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
f
V . AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
eR6 .5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:(Ke = 10-14% ) \(  pH   . / * Ra 20N 50  .19
eR6 .7 O 5%(
eR6 .7 &. (
f
V .7 O 5UV(
eR6 .7 O 5UV 56 G* 7 O 5% G*(

http://phychi.voila.net

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\(  pH   . / * Ra A- 20N 50  .20
eR6 AH / A . [ ;pKA O 5%(
f
V . AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
eR6 . AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
eR6 .5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:\( 9dG  pH   . / * Ra A- 20N 50  .21
eR6 AH / A [ ;pKA O 5%(
eR6 . AH / A [ ;pKA O 5UV(
f
V . AH / A [ ;pKA &. (
eR6 .5UV 56 G* AH / A [ ;pKA O 5% G*(
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://phychi.voila.net

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi