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A light dimmer is quite unusual in a caravan or on a boat. Here we describe how you can make one. So if you would like to be able to adjust the mood when youre entertaining friends and acquaintances, then this circuit enables you to do so. Designing a dimmer for 12 V is tricky business.
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The output of IC1b (pin 9) drives the gate of MOSFET T1. When the duration of the pulses at the gate increases, the
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average time that the MOSFET is in conduction will also increase. In this way the brightness of the lamps is controlled. T1 conducts about 96 % of the time when the brightness is set to maximum. In this configuration, this can never be 100 %, because the 4 % of the time that the FET does not conduct is necessary to charge C6. If the FET were to conduct with 100 % duty cycle, the power supply for the circuit would be effectively short-circuited. C6 allows the circuit to ride through the conduction period of the FET. D1 ensures that the charge cannot leak away via the FET during the on period. In the schematic, an IRL2203N is indicated for T1, but in principle you could use just about any power transistor (for example, BUK455, BUZ10, BUZ11 or BUZ100). The IRL2203 does however, have a very low on resistance (RDS ON) of only 7 m and can switch 12-V loads up to 5 A without a heatsink. If you choose a different MOSFET (with higher RDS ON) or use the circuit in a 6-V system then you will likely need a heatsink. Using the IRL2203N with six lamps rated 12 V / 10 W, T1 dissipates only 170 mW. At 6 V and 10 A this becomes 680 mW. The circuit itself consumes about 0.35 mA at maximum brightness and about 1.25 mA at minimum.
The power supply is derived from the power system via D1 and C6. Zener diode D3 provides protection against voltage surges. The main purpose of R5 is to limit the current through D3, in the event it becomes active. L1 reduces interference that could be caused by the fast switching of the transistor. We have designed a small printed circuit board for the circuit. The construction of the light dimmer is very simple. The PCB is quite compact in order to facilitate the replacement of existing switches. Keep in mind that the CMOS-parts, IC1 and T1, are sensitive to static electricity.
Ne555
www.datasheets360.com/ne555
KROKKENO
Mahaya
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