Conceptual Physics, 11e (Hewitt) Chapter 6 Momentum 6.

1 Questions About Momentum 1) Which of the following has the largest momentum relative to the Earth's surface? A) a tightrope wal er crossing !iagara "alls #) a pic up truc spee$ing along a highwa% &) a Mac truc par e$ in a par ing lot ') the (cience buil$ing on campus E) a $og running $own the street )) A freight train rolls along a trac with consi$erable momentum. *f it rolls at the same spee$ but has twice as much mass+ its momentum is A) ,ero. #) $ouble$. &) -ua$ruple$. ') unchange$. .) *t is correct to sa% that impulse is e-ual to A) momentum. #) the change in momentum it pro$uces. &) the force multiplie$ b% the $istance the force acts. ') velocit% multiplie$ b% time. /) 0he impulse1momentum relationship is a $irect result of A) !ewton's 1st law. #) !ewton's )n$ law. &) !ewton's .r$ law. ') !ewton's /th law. 2) 0he conservation of momentum is most closel% relate$ to A) !ewton's 1st law. #) !ewton's )n$ law. &) !ewton's .r$ law. ') !ewton's /th law 6) A rifle recoils while firing a bullet. 0he spee$ of the rifle's recoil is small because the A) force against the rifle is smaller than against the bullet. #) momentum is mainl% concentrate$ in the bullet. &) rifle has much more mass than the bullet. ') momentum of the rifle is smaller.

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6) (uppose that a tin% gun ma$e of a strong but ver% light material fires a bullet that is more massive than the gun itself. "or such a weapon A) the target woul$ be safer than the shooter. #) recoil problems woul$ be lessene$. &) conservation of energ% woul$ not hol$. ') conservation of momentum woul$ not hol$. E) both conservation of energ% an$ momentum woul$ not hol$. 7) 0wo ob8ects have the same si,e an$ shape+ but one is much heavier than the other. When the% are $roppe$ simultaneousl% from a tower+ the% reach the groun$ at the same time+ but the heavier one has a greater A) spee$. #) acceleration. &) momentum. ') all of these E) none of these 9) A large heav% truc an$ a small bab% carriage roll $own a hill. !eglecting friction+ at the bottom of the hill+ the bab% carriage will have a greater A) spee$. #) acceleration. &) momentum. ') all of these E) none of these 14) 0o catch a ball+ a baseball pla%er e:ten$s the han$ forwar$ before impact with the ball an$ then lets it ri$e bac war$ in the $irection of the ball's motion. 'oing this re$uces the force of impact on the pla%er's han$ principall% because the A) force of impact is re$uce$. #) relative velocit% is less. &) time of impact is increase$. ') time of impact is $ecrease$. E) none of these 11) When %ou 8ump from an elevate$ position %ou usuall% ben$ %our nees upon reaching the groun$. #% $oing this+ %ou ma e the time of the impact about 14 times as great as for a stiff1 legge$ lan$ing. *n this wa% the average force %our bo$% e:periences is A) less than 1;14 as great. #) more than 1;14 as great. &) about 1;14 as great. ') about 14 times as great.

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1)) When %ou are in the wa% of a fast1moving ob8ect an$ can't get out of its wa%+ %ou will suffer a smaller force of impact if %ou $ecrease its momentum over a A) long time. #) short time. &) same wa% either wa% 1.) A car traveling along the highwa% nee$s a certain amount of force e:erte$ on it to stop it in a certain $istance. More stopping force is re-uire$ when the car has A) more mass. #) more momentum. &) less stopping $istance. ') all of these E) none of these 1/) A bullet is fire$ from a gun. 0he spee$ of the bullet will be about the same as the spee$ of the recoiling gun A) because momentum is conserve$. #) because velocit% is conserve$. &) because both velocit% an$ momentum are conserve$. ') if the mass of the bullet e-uals the mass of the gun. E) none of these 12) 5a$$e$ $ashboar$s in cars are safer in an acci$ent than nonpa$$e$ ones because an occupant hitting the $ash has A) increase$ time of impact. #) $ecrease$ time of impact. &) $ecrease$ impulse. ') increase$ momentum. 16) 0he force on an apple hitting the groun$ $epen$s upon A) the spee$ of the apple 8ust before it hits. #) the time of impact with the groun$. &) whether or not the apple bounces. ') all of these 16) &ompare$ to falling on a stone floor+ a wine glass ma% not brea when it falls on a carpete$ floor because the A) carpete$ floor provi$es a smaller impulse. #) stopping time is shorter on the carpet. &) stopping time is longer on the carpet. ') carpet provi$es a smaller impulse an$ a longer time.

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17) A / g ball has a momentum of 1) g m;s. What is the ball's spee$? A) . m;s #) / m;s &) 1) m;s ') /7 m;s E) none of these 19) A ball is moving at . m;s an$ has a momentum of /7 g m;s. What is the ball's mass? A) / g #) 1) g &) 16 g ') 1// g E) none of these )4) <ecoil is noticeable if we throw a heav% ball while stan$ing on roller s ates. *f instea$ we go through the motions of throwing the ball but hol$ onto it+ our net recoil will be A) ,ero. #) the same as before. &) small+ but noticeable. )1) A heav% truc an$ a small car rolling $own a hill at the same spee$ are force$ to stop in the same amount of time. &ompare$ to the force that stops the car+ the force nee$e$ to stop the truc is A) greater. #) smaller. &) the same. ))) A 11! apple falls to the groun$. 0he apple hits the groun$ with an impact force of about A) 1 !. #) ) !. &) / !. ') 9.7 !. E) not enough information given to sa% ).) A arate e:pert e:ecutes a swift blow an$ brea s a cement bloc with her bare han$. 0he magnitu$e of the force e:perience$ b% her han$ is A) ,ero. #) less than the force applie$ to the cement bloc . &) i$entical to the force applie$ to the bloc . ') more than the force applie$ to the bloc . E) impossible to pre$ict without a$$itional information.

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)/) A piece of putt% moving with 1 unit of momentum stri es an$ stic s to a heav% bowling ball that is initiall% at rest. After the putt% stic s to the ball+ both move with a combine$ momentum of A) less than 1 unit. #) more than 1 unit. &) 1 unit. ') not enough information )2) A 11 g chun of putt% moving at 1 m;s colli$es with an$ stic s to a 21 g bowling ball initiall% at rest. 0he bowling ball an$ putt% then move with a momentum of A) 4 g m;s. #) 1 g m;s. &) ) g m;s. ') 2 g m;s. E) more than 2 g m;s. )6) 0he force that accelerates a roc et in outer space is e:erte$ on the roc et b% the A) roc et's nose cone. #) roc et's wings. &) atmospheric pressure. ') e:haust gases. E) none of these )6) 0wo billiar$ balls having the same mass an$ spee$ roll towar$ each other. What is their combine$ momentum after the% meet? A) 4 #) half the sum of their original momentums &) twice the sum of their original momentums ') impossible to $etermine without a$$itional information )7) &ompare$ to the force that brings a small car to a stop+ the force re-uire$ to bring a heav% truc to a stop A) is less. #) is more. &) is the same. ') impossible to $etermine without a$$itional information )9) A large metal ball is shot from a cannon with a short barrel. *f the same ball were to be shot from cannon with a longer barrel+ its mu,,le velocit% woul$ be A) less. #) more. &) the same. ') impossible to $etermine without a$$itional information.

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.4) Accor$ing to the impulse1momentum e-uation "t = change in >mv)+ a person will suffer less in8ur% falling on a woo$en floor which ?gives? than on a more rigi$ cement floor. 0he ?"? in the above e-uation stan$s for the force e:erte$ on the A) onl% the person. #) onl% the floor. &) either the force on the person or the force on the floor ') the sum of the force on the person an$ the force on the floor .1) A 14441 g car moving at 14 m;s bra es to a stop in 2 s. 0he average bra ing force is A) 1444 !. #) )444 !. &) .444 !. ') /444 !. E) 2444 !. .)) Which woul$ pro$uce more force@ $riving into a ver% massive concrete wall with no ?give+? or having a hea$1on collision at the same spee$ with an i$entical car moving towar$ %ou with the same spee$? A) car #) wall &) both the same ') impossible to pre$ict without a$$itional information ..) A rifle of mass ) g is suspen$e$ b% strings. 0he rifle fires a bullet of mass 4.41 g at a spee$ of )44 m;s. 0he recoil velocit% of the rifle is about A) 4.441 m;s. #) 4.41 m;s. &) 4.1 m;s. ') 1 m;s. E) none of these

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./) A 21 g fish swimming at a spee$ of 1 m;s swallows an absent1min$e$ 11 g fish at rest. 0he spee$ of the larger fish after this lunch is A) 1;) m;s. #) );2 m;s. &) 2;6 m;s. ') 6;2 m;s. E) 1 m;s. .2) A 21 g shar swimming at a spee$ of 1 m;s swallows an absent1min$e$ 11 g fish swimming towar$ it at / m;s. 0he spee$ of the shar after this meal is A) 1;) m;s. #) 1;2 m;s. &) 1;6 m;s. ') );. m;s. E) .;) m;s. .6) A 11 g chun of putt% moving at 1 m;s colli$es with an$ stic s to a 21 g bowling ball that is initiall% at rest on a frictionless surface. 0he spee$ of the putt% thereafter is A) 1;/ m;s. #) 1;2 m;s. &) 1;6 m;s. ') impossible to solve with the information given. .6) Momentum is transferre$ to the groun$ when an apple falls on it. 0he momentum absorbe$ b% the groun$ is A) negligible compare$ to the momentum of the apple. #) greater than that of the apple onl% if the apple bounces. &) greater than that of the apple in all cases. ') none of these .7) A fan attache$ to an ice sailcraft stalle$ on a win$less $a% blows air into the sail that bounces bac war$ upon impact. 0he boat can A) then move in the $irection of the win$ impact force. #) not move b% this win$ impact. &) then move+ but in the opposite $irection of the win$ impact force. .9) *f all people+ animals+ trains an$ truc s all over the worl$ began to wal or run towar$s the east+ then the A) Earth woul$ spin a bit faster. #) Earth woul$ spin a bit slower. &) Earth's spin woul$ not be affecte$ at all.

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/4) Aou're $riving $own the highwa% an$ a bug spatters into %our win$shiel$. Which un$ergoes the greater change in momentum $uring the time of contact? A) the bug #) %our car &) both the same /1) An astronaut + floating alone in outer space+ throws a baseball. *f the ball floats awa% at a spee$ of )4 meters per secon$+ the astronaut will A) move in the opposite $irection at a spee$ of )4 m;s. #) move in the opposite $irection+ but at a lower spee$. &) move in the opposite $irection but at a higher spee$. ') not move as state$ in an% of the above choices. /)) *f a mon e% floating in outer space throws his hat awa%+ the hat an$ the mon e% will both A) move awa% from each other+ but at $ifferent spee$s. #) move awa% from each other at the same spee$. &) move a short $istance an$ then slow $own. ') move a short $istance an$ then go faster. E) come to a stop after a few minutes. /.) A golf ball moving forwar$ with 1 unit of momentum stri es an$ bounces bac war$ off a heav% bowling ball that is initiall% at rest an$ free to move. 0he bowling ball is set in motion with a momentum of A) less than 1 unit. #) more than 1 unit. &) 1 unit. ') not enough information //) &onsi$er massive gli$ers that sli$e friction1free along a hori,ontal air trac . Bli$er A has a mass of 1 g+ a spee$ of 1 m;s+ an$ colli$es with Bli$er # that has a mass of 2 g an$ is at rest. *f the% stic upon collision+ their spee$ after collision will be A) 1;/ m;s. #) 1;2 m;s. &) 1;6 m;s. ') 1 m;s. E) none of these /2) A 11 g gli$er an$ a )1 g gli$er both sli$e towar$ each other at 1 m;s on an air trac . 0he% colli$e an$ stic . 0he combine$ mass moves at A) 4 m;s. #) 1;) m;s. &) 1;. m;s. ') 1;6 m;s. E) 1.2 m;s.

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/6) 0wo i$entical gli$ers sli$e towar$ each other on an air trac . Cne moves at 1 m;s an$ the other at ) m;s. 0he% colli$e an$ stic . 0he combine$ mass moves at A) 1;) m;s. #) 1;. m;s. &) 1;6 m;s. ') .;/ m;s. E) 1.2 m;s. /6) A 24441 g freight car runs into a 14+4441 g freight car at rest. 0he% couple upon collision an$ move with a spee$ of ) m;s. What was the initial spee$ of the 24441 g car? A) / m;s #) 2 m;s &) 6 m;s ') 7 m;s E) none of these /7) A 24441 g freight car moving at ) m;s runs into a 14+4441 g freight car at rest. 0he% couple upon collision an$ move awa% as one bo$% at A) ) m;s. #) 1 m;s. &) );. m;s. ') 1;. m;s. /9) A san$bag is motionless in outer space. A secon$ san$bag with . times the mass moving at 1) m;s colli$es with it. 0he% stic together an$ move at a spee$ of A) . m;s. #) / m;s. &) 6 m;s. ') 7 m;s. E) none of these 24) 0he change in momentum+ in g m;s+ that occurs when a 1.4 g ball travelling at /.4 m;s stri es a wall an$ bounces bac at ).4 m;s is A) ). #) /. &) 6. ') 7.

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21) A 14441 g car moving at 14 m;s bra es to a stop in 2 s. 0he average bra ing force is A) 1444 !. #) )444 !. &) /444 !. ') 2444 !. 2)) A bungee 8umper attains a spee$ of .4 m;s 8ust as the bungee cor$ begins to stretch. *f the perio$ of stretch is ) s+ the magnitu$e of the 8umper's average $eceleration is about A) 4.2 g. #) g. &) 1.2 g. ') ) g. E) none of these

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