TableofContents

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

Introduction............................................................................................................. 1 ReviewofCodesandStandards.............................................................................2 DesignConsiderations............................................................................................. 5 ContinuityofResponsibility.................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements................................................................................................. 8

APPENDIXACODEREFERENCES...................................................................................... 9 APPENDIXBGUIDEFORTESTINGOFGUARDS.............................................................11 APPENDIXCCASESTUDIES........................................................................................... 12 APPENDIXDMODELSPECIFICATIONFORGUARDS.....................................................17

1.0 1.1

Introduction Background

1.1.1 Guardsaretypicallyconsideredassecondaryornonstructuralelementsofa buildingastheydonotsupporttheprimarystructure;however,guardsplaya significantroleinpublicsafety. 1.2 PurposeandScope 1.2.1 Thepurposeofthisdocumentistoserveasadesignguideforindividual practitionerswhenpreparingdrawingsandspecificationsinthedesignand implementationofguardsusedinbuildings. 1.2.2 Specificrequirementsforguardsmaydifferbetweenauthoritieshaving jurisdiction.Itwillbetheresponsibilityofthedesignertobefamiliarwithlocal requirements. 1.2.3 Thisdocumentisnotintendedtobeusedasthestandardforguarddesign.Itis uptotheindividualdesignertoperformtherequiredduediligenceinpreparing thedrawingsandspecifications.Thisdocumentmustnotbeusedinawaythat reducesanyrequirementspecifiedinanyapplicablecode,bylaworstandard.

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2.0 2.1

ReviewofCodesandStandards TheNationalBuildingCodeofCanada2010(NBCC2010)isanobjectivebased code.Therelevantobjectivesandfunctionalstatementswithrespecttoguards areasfollows: Objectives: OS2StructuralSafety OS3SafetyinUse OP2StructuralSufficiency Functionalstatements F10:Tofacilitatethetimelymovementofpersonstoasafeplaceinan emergency. F20:Tosupportandwithstandexpectedloadsandforces. F30:Tominimizetheriskofinjurytopersonsasaresultoftripping, slipping,falling,contact,drowningorcollision.

2.2

Thefollowingsummarizesselectedcriteriarelevanttothedesignofguardsas presentedintheBritishColumbiaBuildingCode(BCBC2012)whichisbasedon theNBCC2010.SeeappendixAforexcerptstakenfromthecodesandstandards referencedbelow. BCBC2012DivisionBPart3Requirements:Forcommercialoccupancies. Appliestoareasforwhichaccessisprovidedforpurposesotherthan maintenance. Requiresthataguardbeprovidedataheightofnotlessthan1070mm fromthefinishedfloorwhereanelevationdifferencegreaterthan600 mmexists. Thesizeofopeningsmustnotallowthepassageofaspheregreaterthan 100mmindiameter. Attachmentsoropeningslocatedbetween140mmand900mmabove thefinishedfloormustnotfacilitateclimbing. Handrailswhererequiredmustbegraspable(ifcircular:30mm40mm indiameter;orifsquare:100mm125mmperimeterand45mm maximumcrosssectionaldimension)andmustbebetween865mmand 965mmabovethefinishedfloor. Handrailsmustbedesignedtoresistaconcentratedloadof0.9kNanda uniformloadof0.7kN/mappliedinanydirection. BCBC2012DivisionBPart4Requirements:Forstructuraldesigncriteria.

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 Theminimumspecifiedhorizontalloadmustbe3.0kN/mforguards locatedatinameansofegress, aconcentratedloadof1.0kNwheregatheringofmanypeopleis improbable,or auniformloadof0.75kN/moraconcentratedloadof1.0kNinother locations. NOTE:Thesedifferencescanbecriticaltoboththedesignoftheguardsandthe structuretowhichtheguardsareattached.Theserequirementsshouldbevery carefullystatedinthedesignrequirements. Individualelementsbeloworwithintheguardmustbedesignedfora loadof0.5kNappliedoveranareaof100mmx100mmnottobe consideredconcurrentwiththehorizontalguardload. Averticalloadof1.5kN/mappliedatthetopoftheguardmustbe resistedbutneednotbeconsideredtoactsimultaneouslywiththe horizontalload. BCBC2012DivisionBPart9Requirements:Forresidentialoccupancies. TheserequirementsaresimilartothosedescribedinPart3andPart4as referencedabove. WorkSafeBCrequirements:Protectionofworkers. Theselegalrequirementsapplytoallworkplacesandarisefromthe OccupationalHealthandSafetyRegulation.Enforcementofthese regulationsfallsunderthejurisdictionofWorkSafeBC. Theserequirementsareintendedtoprovidesafeenvironmentsfor workersinareasthatarenotspecificallyaccessibletothepublicas definedintheaboveBCBCreferences. Aguardrailconsistsofatopraillocated102cmto112cmabovethe worksurfaceandanintermediateraillocatedmidway. Itmustbedesignedtowithstandaloadof0.55kNappliedperpendicular tothespaninahorizontalorverticaldirection. ItmustnotbemadeoffibreorwireropewithoutBoardapproval. CAN/CSB12.20M89STRUCTURALDESIGNOFGLASSFORBUILDINGS Thisisalimitstatesdesigncode.Thecodeaddressesthebrittlenatureof glasswhereusedasastructuralmaterialbystipulatingthatsupport membersbedesignedwitharedundantloadpath.Theunderlying principalbeingthatifonememberfailsacascadingorcatastrophic failuremechanismdoesnotdevelop.

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 Freestandingglassguardsmusthaveatopcapwhichspansovertwoor morepanelsandbedesignedtoresistthefactoredloadafterfailureof alternatepanels. Thedeflectionoftheguardatthepointofapplicationoftheload,withall panelsintactmustnotexceed40mm.

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3.0 3.1

DesignConsiderations Aguardismeanttopreventanindividualfromfallingfromahigherelevationto alowerelevation.Aguardshouldalsocreateasenseofsafetyamongbuilding occupants. Designofaguardmustconsiderthefollowing: 1. Whereisaguardrequired 2. Dimensionalrequirements 3. StrengthDesignincludingtheloadpathtotheprimarystructure. 4. Serviceability(deflection/graspability/climbability) 5. RelationshiptoBuildingEnvelope 6. Aesthetics

3.2

3.3

Whenusingaluminum,considerationshouldbemadeforthelossoftemperand associatedreductioninstrengthwhereweldedconnectionsareused.Referto CAN/CSAS157StrengthDesignofAluminumforBuildings. Specialconsiderationmustbegiventotheuseofglassasguardelements.Some meansofstructuralredundancymustbebuiltintothesystemtoprevent progressivecollapseoftheassemblyfollowingthefailureofaglassmember.In particular,whenusingtemperedglassthereexistsapotentialforspontaneous breakageduetoimpurities(alsoreferredtoasNickelSulfideinclusions).Referto thedesignguidespublishedbytheGlazingContractorsAssociationofBC(now FenestrationBC)entitled:GlassDesigntoHumanImpactLoadandGlass GuardsandBalustrades. Considerationshouldalsobegiventowindowsactingasguardswherethesill extendsbelow1070mmofthefinishedfloor.Inthisinstancethewindowmust betreatedasawallseparatingtheelevationdifferenceandbedesignedto withstandtheappropriateguardload.Furtherconsiderationshouldbegivento operablesasheswheretheremaybeariskoffallingthroughtheopenwindow. Suchwindowsmustbeequippedwithalimitertorestrictthesizeoftheopening. Although,theremaybecaseswhereoperablewindowsarerequiredtoallow egressduringafireinwhichcasetherecanbetwocontradictorycode requirements. Inthecasesofuniquearchitecturaldesigns,nontraditionalconstruction methodsoruseofexoticmaterials(i.e.artglassorreclaimedtimber)wherethe availablecodesandstandardsdonotprovideadequateguidancethedesigner mayemploydestructivetesting.Aguidefortheloadtestingofguardshasbeen developedandincludedinappendixB.

3.4

3.5

3.6

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4.0 4.1

ContinuityofResponsibility Thesupplyandinstallationofguardsofteninvolvesmultipletradedisciplines.In turntheremaybeseveraldesignprofessionalinvolvedinthedesignoversight forindividualelementsoftheguard.Forexampleatypicalglassbalustrademay includeaspecialtyfittingsupplier,aglasssupplier,aglazinginstaller,a miscellaneousmetalssubcontractoraswellasamillworker.Considerthefigure below: Wood rail - Millwork Steel stanchion Miscellaneous metals Connection to base structure

Glass Panel - supply and installation

Specialty glass Fittings 4.2 Asaresulttherecanbeadiscontinuityarisingfromthediffusionofdesign oversight.Eachelementmaybetheresponsibilityofadifferentdesign professionalwithlittleornocoordinationbetweenthem.Notwithstanding, designoversightultimatelyrestswiththearchitect.Structuraldesignofguards andtheirattachmentsiscoveredundertheArchitecturalsectionoftheBCBC LettersofAssurance. Whenpreparingshopdrawings,thedesignprofessionalmustbecarfultodefine theirscopeofworkclearlywhileatthesametimeensuringthatconnecting elementsaresuitableforthecompletedsystem.Forexample,ifreviewingshop drawingsfortheglasselementsonly,itshouldbeclearlystatedthatthedesign oftheglassisbasedonthecontinuityoftherailandthattherailmustbe designedaccordingly.Inthisinstance,thedesignerprovidingaletterof assurancefortheglazingcomponentmayinsistthathehavecopiesoftheletters ofassuranceprovidedfortheguardrail,stanchionsandconnectionstobase structure.

4.3

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4.4

Designersmayoverseeindividualelements.However,itistheresponsibilityof thedesignertoensurethatacompetentloadpathexistsandthatacomplete guardassemblyispossible.Takingprofessionalresponsibilityforonecomponent inanassemblydoesnotnullifytheresponsibilitytoalsoensurethatother componentsfittogethertocreateacompletestructuralassemblyincludingan appropriateattachmenttothebasestructure. ShopdrawingsshouldbepreparedinaccordancewiththeGuidelinesonShop DrawingspublishedbyAPEGBC.Thefollowingbasicelementsmustbeidentified ontheshopdrawings: Clearlyshowtheelementsforwhichdesignresponsibilityisassumed(e.g. usedarkerlinetypes). Showthecompletedguardassemblyandclearlyidentifythestructural functionandrequirementforthosecomponentsforwhichdesign responsibilityisassumedtobebyothers. Identifytheintendedloadpathtothebasestructure. Showreactionloads. Showconnectiondetails. Providegeneralnotesindicatingmaterialsused,designcodesreferenced, anddescriptionofthescopeofwork. Provideaplandrawingshowingtheextentandlocationofitems.

4.5

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5.0

Acknowledgements Thefollowingindividualshavecontributedtothedevelopmentofthese Guidelines: JimMutrie,P.Eng.,JonesKwongKishi RobertJirava,P.Eng.,RDJStructuralDesignsLtd. ThorTandy,P.Eng,UNISOLEngineeringltd. GaryW.Berkeley,P.Eng.,BerkeleyVadoczEngineeringInc. LeonardPianalto,P.Eng.,ReadJonesChristoffersen

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APPENDIXACODEREFERENCES Thefollowingparagraphsaretakeninwholeorinpartfromthecodesandstandards referenced.Thereadershouldrefertothedocumentfortheexactandmostcurrent wording.Thesecitationsareprovidedforreferenceonlyandshouldnotbedirectly relieduponfordesigncalculations. Part3Requirements 3.3.1.18.Guards 3.3.2.9 3.4.6.5.Guards 3.4.6.4.(9)forloadsonhandrails Part4Requirements 4.1.5.15.LoadsonGuards [SeeAppendixA] Part9Requirements 9.8.8.Guards 9.8.8.1.RequiredGuards [SeeAppendixA] [SeealsoArticle9.7.5.3.] Table9.8.8.2 WorkSafeBCrequirements Section4.54oftheRegulationprovidesthefollowingdefinitions: Insections4.54to4.63 Insections4.55guardraillocationsareprescribedasfollows: Section4.58(4)oftheOHSRegulation("Regulation")states: RefertoWorksafeBCOHSregulations. CAN/CSB12.20M89STRUCTURALDESIGNOFGLASSFORBUILDINGS 7.1GlassGuardsandBalustrade Appendix A3.1 Glass can be used as a structural material, as it is both strong and rigid. Themaindistinguishingcharacteristicofglassisitsbrittleness.Consequentlywhenglass is used as a structural component it must be designed to withstand the design loads, to accommodate all movements of its supporting members and have a redundancy of at leastonefailsafeloadpathintheeventofthefailureofacomponent. AppendixA5.GlassGuardsandBalustrades Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 9

A5.1 When a brittle material with variable mechanical properties like glass is used as a structural component with the potential for catastrophic consequences in the event of failure,bothincreasedloadfactorsandalternativeloadpathsarerequiredinthedesign. For glass guards and balustrades the standard addresses these factors by the requirement for alternate lights be assumed failed in the strength determination, and a rigidcontinuousguardovertwoormorelights. A5.2 Glass guards may have exposed edges and as glass edges are intrinsically weak, especially with thin glass, the designer should give consideration to hard body impact at the edges and provide protection if necessary. Examples of hard body impact include stonesandfloorcleaningequipment. A5.3 The fixing of the glass at the base must ensure that all bending moments can be resisted and that rotation is minimized. An expanding grout may be used to fix glass. Whensupportingfinsofglassareusedtheymustbefixedbyfrictionboltsoradhesivein accordancewithestablishedengineeringprincipals.

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APPENDIXBGUIDEFORTESTINGOFGUARDS Scope Whilesuppliersoftenstatethattheirtestingshowsthatguardshavemorecapacitythan required;thetestingmethodsused,theloadlevelsappliedandthefailuremodearenot alwaysprovidedorevident.ThisAppendixisintendedtoaddressthesequestions. DesignofGuards 1) GuardsmustbedesignedtotheapplicableCSAdesignstandard(s)forthematerial(s) usedintheirconstructionfortheloadingspecifiedinNBC4.1.5.15. 2) Inlieuofthedesignrequirementsin1),guardsdesignmaybeacceptedonthebasis ofloadtestingcomplyingwiththefollowingparagraphs. 3) AllguardsmustbetestedinaccordancetoClause13ofCSAS15705unlessthere areequivalenttestingrequirementintherelatedmaterialstandard. 4) ASTME985mayalsobereferencedfordefiningtestmethodspertinentto permanentmetalrailingsystemsandrails. 5) Guardsmustbetestedinanapprovedtestinglaboratory(orequivalentasdeemedby theProfessionalEngineer)underthesupervisionofaProfessionalEngineer.some manufacturesmaybeabletoinstallgoodtestingsetupsandthereforenotneedthe useofatestinglaboratorybutthentheP.Eng.shoulddirectthetestandcertifythat thetestingequipmentmeetstherequirementsofASTME935. 6) ThetestingmustbecarriedoutinaccordancewithASTME935StandardTest MethodsforPerformanceofPermanentMetalRailingSystemsandRailsforBuildings latesteditionassuggestedbyClause13.2.2ofCSAS15705.Railingsmustbetestedby methodsA,B,CandDifapplicable. 7) TheloadstobeusedinthetestsmustbebasedonthespecifiedloadsfromNBC 4.1.5.15. 8) TheappliedforcesfortheultimatelimitstatetestingasrequiredbyClause13.2.1.2 mustbe: a) Afactoredloadof1.67timesthespecifiedloadwithoutanyyieldingofthe assembly(=0.9) b) Afactoredloadof2.0timesthespecifiedloadifthefailuremodeisductile(= 0.75). c) Afactoredloadof2.25timesthespecifiedloadifthefailuremodeisbrittle(= 0.67). 9) TheresistanceoftheGuardmustbetakenasthecharacteristicresistancein accordancetoClause13.3.2.1. 10) ForglassguardsrefertoASTME2353StandardTestMethodsforPerformanceof GlassinPermanentGlassRailingSystems,GuardsandBalustrades. Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 11

APPENDIXCCASESTUDIES Thefollowingcasestudiesareintendedtoillustratedifferentscenariosthatmaybe encounteredwithanengineeredguardassembly.Thesecasesarefictitiousandare intendedtoprovideanecdotalprecedentsinpartitioningdesignresponsibilityamong differentstakeholdersintheconstructionteam. Scenario1:TraditionalnewconstructionprojectinvolvingaPart3buildingwithan architectandbasebuildingstructuralengineer.ThebuildingisatypicalLowerMainland concretetowerwithguardssurroundingexteriorbalconies.Theworkisproceeding underapermitgrantedbytherespectiveauthorityhavingjurisdiction.Theguards proposedforthisprojectincludealuminumpostsandtoprailwithglassinfill. KeyRolesdefiningareasofprofessionalresponsibility: 1. ArchitectContractiswiththeOwner;hassignedthelettersofassurance(Schedule B)assumingresponsibilityforthearchitectsscopewhichincludesthepurviewover structuraldesignandattachmentofguardcomponents. 2. BaseBuildingStructuralEngineerContractiswiththeArchitect;hassignedletters ofassurance(ScheduleB)assumingresponsibilityforthestructuralintegrityofthe basebuildingincludingeffectsofsecondarycomponentssuchasguardsandtheir attachmentstothebasebuilding. 3. SpecialtyStructuralEngineerContractiswiththesupplier/subcontractorwhois inturncontractedtothegeneralcontractor;hassignedaletterofassurance (ScheduleSinaccordancewithbulletinK). Keyinteractionsduringthecourseofconstruction: 1. Architecturaldrawingsandspecificationsprovidegeneraldetailsofformincluding shape,color,overalldimensionsandmaterialsofconstructionfortheproposed guards. 2. Generalcontractorengagesasubcontractortoprovideaproposedsystemto generallyconformtotheArchitecturalspecifications.Thesubcontractorprovides shopdrawingsdetailingallaspectsoftheproposedguard.Aninitialsubmissionmay notbestampedasitmaybeincompleteandintendedtosolicitfeedbackfromthe architectaboutspecificdesigncharacteristicsthatmaybeentirelyaesthetic. 3. Oncesuchdetailsareagreedupon,thesubcontractorwillsubmitasetofshop drawingsthatbearthesealofaprofessionalengineerregisteredinBritishColumbia. Theseshopdrawingsshouldincludeallrelevantdetailstoshowthestructural functionoftheassemblyincludingmaterialsused,fasteners,andhowtheguard interactswiththebasebuildingincludingindicationoftheforcestransferredtothe basebuilding.TheseshopdrawingsareforwardedontotheArchitectviathe GeneralContractor. 4. DesignbySpecialtyEngineertoprovideconnectiontotheprimarystructureand mustincludethedesignofcollateralsecondaryelementsasnecessarytopassthe Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 12

loadthroughtotheprimarystructure.Ifconnectingtoasteelstud,forexample,the shopdrawingsmustindicatetherequirementfortheconnection(e.g.18gasteel studrequiredattheguardattachment). 5. SpecialtyEngineertofollowinstructionsforconnectiontoprimarystructureas providedbytheStructuraldrawings.Thisengineermustcontactthebasebuilding StructuralEngineerofRecordtodiscussanyanchorageconcerns. 6. TheArchitectwillreviewtheshopdrawingsandforwardasetofthedrawingstothe basebuildingStructuralEngineertoreviewtheguardsfortheireffectonthebase building.TheStructuralEngineerwillnotreviewthestructuraladequacyofthe guardassemblybuthewillreviewtheadequacyoftheproposedfastenersto transfertheguardloadstothebasebuilding. 7. Oncetheshopdrawingshavebeenreviewedandacceptedtheinstallationwill proceed.Duringtheinstallation,thespecialtyengineeractingforthesubcontractor shouldvisitthesiteathisdiscretiontoconductfieldreviewsasrequiredandas definedinBulletinK.Thescopeofthefieldreviewshouldalignwiththescopeof responsibilitydefinedinthesealedshopdrawings. 8. AtcompletionoftheinstallationthespecialtyengineerwillsubmittheScheduleS.If required,hewillcontactthebasebuildingstructuralengineertoclarifyanymatters thatrelatetothestructuralinteractionbetweentheguardassemblyandthebase building.Thisisadeclarationthatthespecialtyengineermakesinsigningthe ScheduleS.ThisisconsistentwiththefollowingstatementintheModelScheduleS BAssuranceofProfessionalDesignandCommitmentforFieldReviewwhichreadsas follows: IconfirmIhaveliaisedasrequiredwiththeappropriateRegisteredProfessionalsforthe purposesofmyservices. AdditionalComments Scenario1islikelythemostcommonthatwillbeencounteredintypicallowermainland constructionprojects.Thereareanumberofsimilarvariantsofthisscenariothat warrantfurtherdiscussionasfollows: Scenario1a: Newconstructionprojectwithguardassemblyincorporatingseveral engineeredcomponents.ThiswillbesimilartoScenario1yetmoredemandingforthe coordinatingprofessionalastherewillbeanumberofspecialtyengineersinvolvedin definingthecompletedassembly.Somecomponentswillinteractwiththebase building,whileotherswillinteractwithotherspecialtycomponents.Ensuringagainst conflictingrequirementsaswellasgapsinresponsibilitywillbeasignificantchallengein thisscenario. Amodificationtothedefinitionofthekeyplayersisasfollows: 1. MultipleSpecialtyStructuralEngineersContractswillbewithanumberofthe suppliers/subcontractorswhoareinturncontractedtothegeneralcontractor; eachhavesignedlettersofassurance(ScheduleSinaccordancewithbulletinK). Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 13

Scenario1b: AnothercommoncaseonPart4buildingsoccurswheretherearea varietyofguardelementsthatarefabricatedfroma"basic"material,saystructural steel.Forexample:commonsteelpicketedguard/handrailinaconcretestairwell,tobe fabricatedbythesteelfabricatororpossiblythemiscellaneousmetalsfabricatorif suchasubcontractisinplace. OftentheseitemscanfallintothelapofthebasebuildingStructuralEngineerwhichwill bethecaseifallthedetailsoftheguardassemblyareshownonthestructuraldrawings oronthearchitecturaldrawingswithsomestructuralcomments. Othertimesthefabricatorgoesaheadandpreparesshopdrawingsbasedonthe architect'sdrawings.Often,theshopdrawingscontainavarietyofstructuralproblems thatarerevealedfollowingreviewbytheStructuralEngineer. Itisrecommendedthataspecialtyengineerbeengagedinthesecircumstances.The requirementforengineeringshouldbenodifferentthanforotherpreengineered componentssuchasopenwebsteeljoistsorcommercialglazingassemblies. Thisshouldbemadeclearinthespecifications.Typicallymiscellaneousmetalsare definedintheDivision5specifications.However,anyprojectthatincludesguards shouldincludeaseparatespecificationtocoverallguardassemblies.Thiswouldcover architecturalguardassembliesthatmightbetypicallyencounteredinlivingspaceslike balconiesandmezzaninesaswellasutilitarianguardsthatmightbetypicallyseeninexit stairsandparkades. AppendixDcontainsanexamplegenericNMSMasterFormatSpecification. Scenario2: ProprietaryGuardsysteminvolvingapreengineeredguardassembly essentiallyorderedoutofacatalogue. KeyRolesdefiningareasofprofessionalresponsibility: 1. ArchitectContractiswiththeOwner;hassignedthelettersofassurance(Schedule B)assumingresponsibilityforthearchitectsscopewhichincludesthepurviewover structuraldesignandattachmentofguardcomponents. 2. BaseBuildingStructuralEngineerContractiswiththeArchitect;hassignedletters ofassurance(ScheduleB)assumingresponsibilityforthestructuralintegrityofthe basebuildingincludingeffectsofsecondarycomponentssuchasguardsandtheir attachmentstothebasebuilding. KeyInteractionsduringthecourseofconstruction: 1. Architecturaldrawingsandspecificationsprovideaspecificproducttobeinstalled. Shopdrawingsmayormaynotberequireddependingonthenatureoftheproduct andproject.However,itisstillessentialfortheStructuralEngineertobemade awareofthefasteningmethodandconfigurationsuchthathecanprovidesuitable basebuildingstructuretoresisttheguardloads. 2. Generalcontractorpurchasesproductandinstallsitasperthemanufacturers instructions. Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 14

3. guardsuppliermustprovidecapacitycriteriaandinstallationdetailsforallaspects includingbaseconnection(usehiltiproductsforexample). 4. Inthiscasethereisnoneedforaspecialtyengineerasthearchitectassumesthe designresponsibilityofthesystem.Theymayrelyonpreengineeringthathasbeen completedbythemanufacturer.ThiswillbeentirelyattheArchitectsdiscretion. Regardlessofwhatinformationthearchitectreliesupon,hewillassume responsibilityforassuringallbuildingcoderequirementsrelatedtotheguard assemblyincludingthosedefinedinPart4. Scenario3: Renovationprojectwithnoarchitect.Engineeractsasprimeconsultant, buildingenvelopeengineerandstructuralengineer. KeyRolesdefiningareasofprofessionalresponsibility: 1. PrimeconsultantengineerContractiswiththeOwner;hassignedthelettersof assurance(ScheduleB)assumingresponsibilityforthearchitectsscopewhich includesthepurviewoverstructuraldesignandattachmentofguardcomponents. 2. SpecialtyStructuralEngineerContractiswiththesupplier/subcontractorwhois inturncontractedtothegeneralcontractor;hassignedaletterofassurance (ScheduleSinaccordancewithbulletinK). KeyInteractionsduringthecourseofconstruction: 1. ThesewillsimilartotheinteractionsdefinedinScenario1. 2. Theprimeconsultantshouldincludeastructuralengineertocoverthereviewof structuraleffectstothebasebuilding.TheStructuralEngineerwillbeexpectedto signlettersofassurancetocoverthePart4requirementsofthepermitapplication. Scenario4: RenovationprojectwithnobasebuildingStructuralEngineer.Such projectsmightincludeasimplerenovationprojectwherethepermitapplicationismade byadesigner(i.e.notregisteredwithAIBC),ageneralcontractor,orHomerOwner. Suchprojectswouldtypicallyincludearesidentialrenovation(i.e.additionofbalconyor patio). KeyRolesdefiningareasofprofessionalresponsibility: 1. Designer,GeneralContractor,HomeOwnerTherearenolettersofassurance; permitisgrantedunderpurviewofthebuildinginspector(intheCityofVancouver thisissometimesreferredtoasafieldreviewpermit). 2. SpecialtyStructuralEngineerContractmaybewiththeOwner,GeneralContractor, OrSupplier;musttakeresponsibilityforthespecialtyitemaswellastheeffecton thebasebuilding. 3. BuildingInspectorRepresentsAuthorityHavingJurisdiction;willconductfield reviewstoensurepermitandbuildingcodecompliance;willrequestengineeringon variouscomponentsasheseesfitduringthecourseofhisinspections. KeyInteractionsduringthecourseofconstruction: Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 15

1. TheguardassemblywillbeinstalledbytheOwnerdirectlyorbyacontractor. 2. Oncecompleteandpriortograntingoccupancy(i.e.closingthepermit)thebuilding inspectormayrequestlettersofassurance.Theremaybeanumberofcomponents thatwillrequirelettersofassurancesuchasengineeredwoodproducts(e.g.truss joistglulamheader)orguards. 3. TheSpecialtyEngineershouldsubmitLettersofAssuranceincludingScheduleBand CB.TheselettersaredifferentfromtheScheduleSbecausetheywillrequirethat theengineertakeresponsibilityfortheconnectiontothebasebuildingandthe effectonthebasebuilding.TheLettersofAssurancewillbeaddressedtothe buildinginspector. 4. TheSpecialtyEngineershouldtakespecialprecautionsinaccuratelydefininghis scopeofresponsibilityashewilllikelybetheonlyprofessionalengineerinthe project.

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APPENDIXDMODELSPECIFICATIONFORGUARDS Thefollowingisintendedtobeanexampleofaspecificationthatmightbeusedto definetherequirementsforaguardassembly.

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DIVISION 10 - SPECIALTIES [PROJECT NAME] [PROJECT #]

Section 10 22 30 GUARD AND HAND RAILS Page 18

1.0 1.1

GENERAL WORKINCLUDED

1.1.1 Guards,guardrailsandhandrailsindicatedonthedrawings. 1.1.2 Glassinfillpanels. 1.2 1.2RELATEDWORK 1.2.1 Section09900FinishPainting 1.2.2 Section08800Glass 1.3 1.3REFERENCESTANDARDS(Mostrecentversionunlessnotedotherwise) 1.3.1 CAN/CSAS16.1,LimitStatesDesignofSteelStructures. 1.3.2 CAN/CSAS157,LimitStatesDesignofAluminumStructures. 1.3.3 CAN/CSAO86.1,LimitStatesDesignofWoodStructures. 1.3.4 CAN/CGSB12.20,StructuralDesignofGlassforBuildings. 1.3.5 CAN/CGSB12.1,Glass,Safety,TemperedorLaminated. 1.3.6 AmericanArchitecturalManufacturersAssociation. 1.3.7 ASTM A269, Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for GeneralService. 1.3.8 CAN/CSAG40.20/G40.21,GeneralRequirementsforRolledorWeldedStructuralQuality Steel. 1.3.9 CAN/CSAG164,HotDipGalvanizingforIrregularlyShapedArticles. 1.3.10 CSAW59,WeldedSteelConstruction(MetalArcWelding). 1.3.11 CSAW59.2,WeldedAluminum. 1.4 DESIGNCRITERIA 1.4.1 Loads and load factors are determined in accordance with the National Building Code and the bylaws of the local municipality. Resistances must be determined by the applicablematerialdesignstandards. <Spec note: Is loading for egress from assembly areas required? If so there can be significant loads transmitted to the base structure. This should be coordinated with the basebuildingstructuralengineer.> 1.5 SUBMITTALS 1.5.1 If requested, submit three (3) certified copies of mill reports covering chemical and mechanicalproperties,andcoatingdesignationofsteelusedinthiswork. 1.5.2 SubmitsamplesofframingandfastenercomponentstoConsultantifrequested. Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 18

DIVISION 10 - SPECIALTIES [PROJECT NAME] [PROJECT #]

Section 10 22 30 GUARD AND HAND RAILS Page 19

1.5.3 SubmitduplicatesamplesofjoiningandfinishestotheConsultantforapproval. 1.5.4 ProductData .1 Submit product data for mechanical fasteners, indicating sizes, shear, and pullover loading capacity where applicable. Provide data indicating thickness and type of corrosionprotectioncoating. Submit product data indicating suitability of explosive powder actuated fasteners for application.

.2

1.5.5 ShopDrawings .1 Shopdrawingsmustincorporateplans,allelevations,sectionsandfullsizedetailsforall work in this section. Completely detail items indicating all dimensions and methods of fixing, field jointing, attachment to building structure, size, thickness, gauges of metals andfastenersinaccordancewithAPEGBCGuidelineForShopDrawingPreparation. No work must be fabricated until the shop drawings and samples have been reviewed by the Consultant. The Consultants review must be for conformity to the design concept, for general arrangement only and such review must not relieve the Contractor ofanyoftheirresponsibilities. ShopdrawingsmustbesealedbyaProfessionalEngineer. TheEngineerwhosealedtheshopdrawingsmustprovideperiodicfieldreview.Written inspectionreportsoffieldreviewmustbesubmittedtotheConsultantpromptlyasfield reviewsaremade.

.2

.3 .4

1.5.6 SubmitevidenceofwelderqualificationsspecifiedinthisSection. 1.5.7 MaintenanceData: .1 .2 Submitdatacoveringthecare,cleaningandmaintenanceoffinishesforincorporationin maintenancemanuals. Letters of Assurance: The Engineer who sealed the shop drawings must submit to the Consultantwiththeinitialshopdrawingsubmission,anAssuranceofStructuralDesign andcommitmentforFieldReview. QUALITYASSURANCE

1.6

1.6.1 Contractor to provide proof of manufacturer training for installation of proprietary fastenersystems. 1.6.2 Welding must be by company certified by the Canadian Welding Bureau to CSAW47.192,CertificationofCompaniesforFusionWeldingofSteelStructures. Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 19

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1.6.3 Any glazed elements should be completed by Journeymen glaziers and be members in goodstandingwiththeprovincialglazingcontractorsassociation. 1.7 DELIVERY,STORAGEANDHANDLING

1.7.1 Exercise care in storing, handing and erecting all material and support all materials properly at all times so that no piece will be bent, twisted or otherwise damaged structurallyorvisually. 1.7.2 Correct damaged material and where damaged is deemed irreparable by the Consultant,replacetheaffecteditematnoadditionalexpensetotheOwner. 1.7.3 Fabricate large assemblies so they can be safely and easily handled to their place of installation. 1.8 MOCKUPGUARDANDHANDRAILS <Specnote:Deleteifnotrequired.> 1.8.1 Provide a complete mockup of a guardrail and or handrail on site for review by the Consultant.MakerevisionstomockupasrequiredbytheConsultant. 1.8.2 Mockup must include all components of the system, including typical joints and connectionhardware,andtypicaltieinstoadjoiningsystems,allfinishedasspecified. 1.8.3 Modify the mockup at no additional cost to the contract as may be required to meet designandperformancerequirements. 1.8.4 Mockup, if deemed to be in general conformance with the Specifications and Drawings bytheConsultant,mustremainonsiteasfinishedpartofthework. 1.9 SITECONDITIONS

1.9.1 Ensure temperature and ventilation conditions are maintained for various components andmaterialsofthesystem,asrequiredbymanufacturer. 1.9.2 Protect work of other sections and subtrades from damage resulting from work of this section. 1.9.3 Takenecessarycaretoavoiddamageofadjacentsurfaces. 1.9.4 Examinetheunderlyingvisiblesurfacesandadjoiningworkandreportdefectsattimeof installation,whichmightimpairtheworkofthissectiontotheConsultant,inwriting. 1.9.5 Commencementofworkmustimplyacceptanceofsurfaces. 1.9.6 Cooperatewithothertradestoaccommodatefixturesandattachmentsinthesystem. Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 20

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1.10

REVIEW

1.10.1 TheDesignEngineer,responsiblefortheproductionoftheshopdrawings,mustprovide periodicfieldreviewduringconstructionandmustsubmitreports. 1.10.2 Additional inspection and testing of materials workmanship may be carried out by a qualifiedindependentInspectionAgencyappointedbytheConsultant. .1 .2 ThecostofthisadditionalinspectionmustbepaidbytheOwner. Any testing or inspection required by the Consultant because of an error by the Contractor or due to departure from the contract documents by the Contractor, must bepaidforbytheContractor.

1.10.3 Reviewmustinclude .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .10 Checkingthatmilltestreportsareproperlycorrelatedtomaterials. Sampling fabrication and erection procedures for general conformity to the requirementsofthespecification. Checkingthattheweldingconformstotherequirementsofthisspecification. Checkingfabricatedmembersagainstspecifiedmembershapes. Visual inspection of all welded connections including sample checking of joint preparationandfitup. Samplecheckingofscrewedandboltedjoints. Samplecheckingthattolerancesarenotexceededduringfituporerection. AdditionalinspectionandtestingofweldedconnectionsasrequiredbyCSAW59. GeneralInspectionoffieldcuttingandalternationsrequiredbyothertrades. Submission of reports to the Consultant, the Contractor, and the authorities having jurisdictioncoveringtheworkinspectedwithdetailsofdeficienciesdiscovered.

1.10.4 The Contractor must provide the necessary cooperation to insure that the review can proceed. 1.10.5 The review provided in this section does not relieve the Contractor of their responsibility for the performance of the contract. The Contractor is solely responsible for quality control and must implement their own supervisory and quality control procedures. 1.10.6 Materials or workmanship not conforming to the requirements of the contract Version1.0May3,2013 2013APEGBC.Allrightsreserved. 21

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documentsmayberejectedatanytimeduringtheprogressorwork.

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2. 2.1

PRODUCTS MATERIALS <Spec note: Specify materials in this section or refer to appropriate Section, i.e. 05500 MetalFabricationsor08800GlassandGlazing>.

2.2

ANCHORINGANDCONNECTION <Spec note: Specify connectors in this section (proprietary connectors, inserts, screws, welding)orrefertoappropriateSection,i.e.05500MetalFabricationor08800Glassand glazing.

2.3

FINISHES <Spec note: Specify finishes in this section (galvanized, chromium plated, or painted steel)ortoappropriateSection,i.e.Section09900Finishes)

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3. 3.1

EXECUTION GENERAL

3.1.1. Fabricationanderectionmustconformtotheshopdrawings.Modificationsrequiredto accommodate asbuilt conditions, other than minor dimensional changes, must be submittedforapproval. 3.2 PREPARATION

3.2.1 Prior to start of erection, examine the work of the other sections upon which the work ofthissectiondependsandreporttoConsultantanyunsatisfactoryconditions. 3.2.2 Examine and obtain all necessary measurements of previously executed work that may affecttheworktothisDivision. 3.3 ERECTION <Specnote:Addspecificinstallation/erectionrequirementshere,orrefertoappropriate Section>. 3.4 TOUCHUPANDCLEANING

3.4.1 Touchup rivets, field welds, bolts and burnt or scratched surfaces after completion of erection using primer for primed components and zincrich paint for galvanized componentstomatchoriginalfinish. 3.4.2 Touchupdamagedfinishes. ENDOFSECTION

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