1. Which of the following statements is most appropriate concerning dealing with caregivers and children during a medical emergency?

a. I try to include caregivers in all that I do with their child so that the child and the caregivers are more comfortable. b. It is best to separate caregivers from the child so that proper assessment and care can be given. c. I include caregivers in the care until I get the information I need; then I remove the child and continue the assessment in the first-aid room. d. I tell caregivers that everything will be o ay so that they are calm and I am better able to help their child. !nswer" a #b$ective" %&-' (eference" )*' +. !n adolescent is defined as someone who is" a. ,-1. years old. b. 1&-1. years old. c. 1%-1, years old. d. )-1,years old. !nswer" c #b$ective" %&-+ (eference" )',/ )') %. 0ou have been called to care for a +1-month-old girl who has been bitten by a dog. 1iven the patient2s age/ you would appropriately classify the patient as" a. b. c. d. an infant. a school-age child. a preschooler. a toddler.

!nswer" d #b$ective" %&-+ (eference" )'* '. 0ou are reviewing psychosocial development of a preschooler in your #34 class. 0ou recogni5e that preschooler includes children who are" a. b. c. d. +-% years old. %-6 years old. .-, years old. over ) years of age.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-+ (eference" )'*

6. Which of the following instructions would you give an #34 7echnician who is preparing to assess a stable )-month-old boy with a rash? a. b. c. d. 8eep the baby calm; do not touch him during the assessment. 9tart at the head and slowly wor your way to the feet. :ave the mother hold him as you do the assessment. ;a e sure that you do not undress the baby for the assessment.<

!nswer" c #b$ective" %&-' (eference" ).' .. 0ou are assessing a +=-year-old child who was involved in a minor car collision. 9he is currently alert and oriented. While you are assessing her for possible in$uries/ which of the following actions would be considered most appropriate? a. !ssess the child starting at her head and moving to her feet. b. !llow the child to hold a favorite toy during the assessment. c. >e stern with the child and provide strict instructions on what you e?pect from her. d. 3?amine possible painful sites first. !nswer" b #b$ective" %&-' (eference" ).) *. 0ou are caring for a +-year-old girl whose mother reports that the child has been ill for two days. It is important to remember that children in this age group generally" a. b. c. d. are fearful of strangers. readily tolerate separation from their caregivers. prefer to be addressed through their caregivers. will be cooperative during your e?am.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-+ (eference" )*' ,. 4hildren e?hibit great bursts of energy followed by sudden profound fatigue because" a. b. c. d. they lose interest in their current activity. they have attention deficit disorder. they need to ta e a nap. they have fewer energy reserves than adults.

!nswer" d #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )'6 ). 0ou must assess the pupils of a 6-year-old boy who fell. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate for you to ma e before performing the assessment? a. I am going to loo into your pupils with my light.

b. c. d.

I am going to use this light to loo into your eyes. I need to test your visual acuity by shining a light in your eyes. #pen your eyes so that I can loo into them.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-' (eference" )*1 1&. Which of the following behaviors would an #34 7echnician recogni5e as uncharacteristic of a conscious and stable +-year-old boy who fell and hurt his hand? a. b. c. d. :e cries any time you touch him. :e does not cry or protest when you ta e him from his mother to assess him. :e becomes upset when you lift his shirt to assess his abdomen. :e does not tell you where the pain is when you as .

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-6 (eference" ).' 11. ! )-month-old boy has been stung on his tongue after suc ing on a bottle that had a bee on the nipple. In comparison to the same in$ury in an adult/ why would an #34 7echnician be more concerned over this child? a. ! child2s airway has more blood vessels than an adult2s/ ma ing bleeding more of a concern. b. 4hildren tend to be highly allergic to bee stings/ whereas the same allergy in adults is rare. c. ! child2s tongue is proportionally larger/ increasing the chances of airway occlusion from even minor swelling. d. When in$ured/ a child2s mouth produces more saliva/ ma ing cho ing a ma$or concern. !nswer" c #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )'% 1+. !n #34 7echnician as s you why you should not overe?tend the airway when performing a head tiltchin lift maneuver on a pediatric patient. Which of the following replies would you ma e? a. 7he pediatric cervical spine is delicate and can be in$ured if the nec is hypere?tended. b. 7he tongue of a pediatric patient is proportionally larger and bloc s the airway when the nec is hypere?tended. c. 7he cartilage of the trachea is very soft and can compress if the nec is e?tended too far. d. 7he esophagus in a pediatric patient is very thic and will occlude the airway if the nec is hypere?tended. !nswer" c #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )'% 1%. 0ou are assessing a +-wee -old baby who is sic . !ssessment reveals that he has a fever and difficulty breathing. Which of the following additional assessment findings would be most concerning to you given the age of this patient?

a. b. c. d.

! respiratory rate of %& breaths per minute ! wet diaper in need of changing 4ontinual crying @asal passages that are occluded by mucus

!nswer" d #b$ective" %&-6 (eference" )'6 1'. 0ou are immobili5ing a '-year-old boy on a long spine board. Which of the following actions would be appropriate when performing this intervention? a. b. c. d. !void applying the chest strap across the patient2s thora?. Alace padding between the patient2s shoulders and the spine board. 9ecure the patient2s chest and legs to the board after the head has been secured. Alace a pillow under the patient2s nec to eep the airway open.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-1+ (eference" )*. 16. 7he increased pliability of the ribs of children ma es them more prone to" a. b. c. d. bruising of the lung. rib fractures. cardiac arrest. overinflation of the lungs.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )6, 1.. When assessing a %-year-old child with a respiratory illness/ which of the following assessment findings would be least concerning to you? a. b. c. d. (etractions observed above the clavicles Aarado?ical breathing Aatient in the tripod position ! respiratory rate of +, breaths per minute

!nswer" d #b$ective" %&-% (eference" )*1 1*. 0ou have been called to care for an unattended .-year-old girl who has vomited once and is complaining of mild abdominal pain. When you are performing the physical assessment and obtaining a 9!;AB3 history/ which of the following approaches would be considered most appropriate? a. !s ing her Cuestions that can be answered with a yes or no b. 9tanding above her and smiling while you as Cuestions

c. !llowing her to play with your stethoscope before listening to her lungs d. Dsing baby tal when as ing her Cuestions about her pain !nswer" c #b$ective" %&-' (eference" )*1 1,. Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of a pediatric patient in a prehospital setting is true? a. 0ou must determine the e?act illness in order to provide the most appropriate treatment. b. If the primary assessment of a sic pediatric patient reveals no deficits to the !>4Es/ the patient is stable and will not deteriorate. c. If a child loo s sic and is not getting better with care/ assume that the child is getting worse. d. 0ou will get early warning if the child is going into shoc because a child2s vital signs change early. !nswer" c #b$ective" %&-. (eference" )*6 1). !n infant who is short of breath is alert and has adeCuate respirations at a rate of 6' per minute. :is s in color is pin but slightly cool to the touch. When you place a pediatric mas on his face/ he becomes very upset and begins to physically struggle to remove it. In this situation you would" a. b. c. d. gently restrain the infant2s hands so that he cannot remove the mas . secure the mas to the infant2s face using tape. allow the mother to hold the infant and then provide blow-by o?ygen therapy. omit the o?ygen for now and continue to assess the infant every 6 minutes.

!nswer" c #b$ective" %&-1+ (eference" )*. +&. 7he most common source of burns in children is" a. b. c. d. a scalding-hot liCuid. a candle. chemicals. a cigarette lighter.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-. (eference" )6) +1. 0ou are called to assist a toddler who has $ust had a sei5ure that lasted about .& seconds. :is mom reports that the child has a history of sei5ures. 0our assessment reveals that he is now responding to painful stimuli/ is breathing normally/ and has a normal radial pulse. Which of the following actions would you ta e? a. !pply o?ygen via nonrebreather at 16 BA;.

b. Alace him in a recovery position and continue to assess him. c. 1ently try to arouse him and ma e him more alert. d. Insert an oral airway. !nswer" b #b$ective" %&-1+ (eference" )** ++. 0ou have been called to assist a panic ed mother who is worried about her son. When you arrive/ she tells you that her '-year-old son has been Cuiet all morning and napping while the rest of her children were s iing. While napping he began to sha e all over for about %& seconds. 7he child is now resting Cuietly and has adeCuate respirations. :is radial pulse is strong/ and his s in is very hot and moist to the touch. >ased on this presentation and information/ you assume that the sei5ure occurred secondary to" a. b. c. d. hypo?ia. a fever. hypoglycemia. altered mental status.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-, (eference" )6' +%. When assessing a %-year-old child for possible in$uries after the mother2s boyfriend said the child fell down a flight of stairs/ which of the following findings would raise your suspicion that the child may be a victim of physical abuse? a. b. c. d. 7he child cries when you palpate his arm. 9everal bruises are located on the child2s nees and shins. 7he child has a bro en clavicle. 4ircumferential bruising on is apparent on the child2s arm.

!nswer" d #b$ective" %&-) (eference" )*6 +'. ! mother brings her %-year-old son into the aid room. 9he says he has a low grade fever and seems to be having slight difficulty breathing. Which of the statements by the mother would ma e you thin the child may have croup? a. b. c. d. Bast night/ he had a bar ing-li e cough. 7here are times when he continually drools. When I turn the air conditioner on/ he gets more short of breath. :e has a rash on his chest.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-. (eference" )6& +6. ! '-year-old girl is sitting upright on her mother2s lap with her chin thrust forward. 9he loo s lethargic and is drooling. :er airway is open and she appears to be breathing adeCuately. :er mother says

she has had a fever and is complaining of a sore throat. 0ou are very concerned that she may be developing" a. b. c. d. strep throat. meningitis. epiglottitis. pneumonia.

!nswer" c #b$ective" %&-. (eference" )61 +.. Fontanelles/ which are openings in the s ulls of newborns that allow brain e?pansion/ close when the child is at appro?imately what age? a. b. c. d. %-' months of age 1,-+& months of age % years of age 1 year of age

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )'6 +*. Which of the following statements about sha en baby syndrome is false? a. b. c. d. It rarely occurs in upper-class families. It often results in a traumatic brain in$ury. It is a form of child abuse. ;ost cases are perpetrated by someone close to the child.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-) (eference" ).1 +,. 0ou are treating a % year old that you suspect may be the victim of child abuse. !s an #34 7echnician/ you reali5e that" a. b. c. d. an #34 7echnician who reports a case of child abuse could be open to a lawsuit. #34 7echnicians can report the abuse to anyone and be protected from retaliation. child abuse is not a crime in many states. child abuse reporting reCuirements vary among states.

!nswer" d #b$ective" 9upplemental (eference" ).1 +). 0ou are treating a + year old who fell down a flight of stairs. 0ou are concerned about a head in$ury and now that toddlers have a higher ris for traumatic brain in$ury than adults because of all of the following reasons except:

a. a toddler has a large/ heavy head in comparison to their body. b. during rapid deceleration/ a toddler2s head is propelled forward first/ before the body. c. a toddler2s brain does not completely fill the cranial cavity. d. a toddler2s fontanelles will not close until the child reaches preschool age. !nswer" d #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )'6 %&. 0our approach to caring for a pediatric patient should vary depending on the age of the patient. Which of the following statement does not indicate an important thing to remember when treating an adolescent? a. b. c. d. 7he patient2s privacy is important. !n adolescent2s decision-ma ing s ills are as advanced as her verbal s ills. 0ou should be honest and direct with the patient. 0ou should obtain the patient2s history directly from the patient.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-+ (eference" )') %1. 0our 1,-month-old has had a worsening cough and fever for the last three days. >ecause it is winter/ you originally assumed that it was $ust a cold. 7he child is now e?hibiting difficulty breathing. !s you are driving your child to be e?amined by his pediatrician/ you are thin ing about what could be causing these signs. >ased on your #34 training/ you reali5e that there are several possibilities/ and that the signs could suggest any of the following conditions except: a. b. c. d. pneumonia. croup. asthma. bronchiolitis.

!nswer" c #b$ective" %&-. (eference" )6&-)61 %+. 4ardiac arrest in children is most commonly caused by" a. b. c. d. ano?ia. trauma. birth defects. 9IE9.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-* (eference" )6+ %%. !mong the pediatric population/ poisonings most often occur in" a. adolescents/ when they e?periment with drugs and alcohol. b. toddlers/ from ingesting lead-based paint.

c. infants/ because they routinely put things into their mouths. d. school-age children/ from ta ing over-the-counter medications. !nswer" c #b$ective" 9upplemental (eference" )6' %'. 0ou read in the newspaper about a )-month-old child who died from sudden infant death syndrome G9IE9H. From your training/ you now that this means that the infant" a. b. c. d. had a congenital heart defect. suffocated in his crib blan ets. had a history of sleep apnea. died une?pectedly and of an undetermined cause.

!nswer" d #b$ective" %&-1& (eference" )6* %6. 7he !merican !cademy of Aediatrics recommends the use of the Aediatric 7riangle to Cuic ly determine if a child is sic or not sic . 7his method allows rescuers to Cuic ly assess all of the following about the patient except hisIher" a. b. c. d. circulation. breathing. history of illness or in$ury. appearance.

!nswer" c #b$ective" %&-11 (eference" ).% %.. While following the Aediatric 7riangle of assessment/ you observe an infant and note that she is parado?ically irritable. 7his sign is often indicative that the child is" a. b. c. d. very ill. a victim of neglect. not seriously ill. hungry.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-11 (eference" ).' %*. 0ou are night s iing when you are notified that a child has been involved in a collision on the intermediate trail. !s you approach the scene you are thin ing about your assessment and reali5e that the cold and low light may ma e assessing the child2s circulation difficult. In this situation/ other options for assessing circulation include assessing all of the following except: a. the sclera of the eyes. b. the patient2s lips.

c. fingertip capillary refill. d. the palms of the hands. !nswer" c #b$ective" %&-11 (eference" ).6 %,. >ilateral in$uries/ circumferential bruising/ and pattern bruises are suggestive of" a. b. c. d. sha en child syndrome. child abuse. suicidal behavior. infant neglect.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-) (eference" )*6 %). 0ou are treating a child who has a minor head laceration that is bleeding profusely. Which of the following statements would show your partner that you understand bleeding in children? a. b. c. d. 7his is a minor head laceration/ so we don2t need to worry. 4hildren have a smaller blood volume than adults/ so this rate of bleeding is serious. !s long as the child2s vital signs are stable/ we don2t have to worry. 4hildren have great compensating mechanisms/ so bleeding from the head isn2t serious.

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-1 (eference" )*6 '&. When seen in a child/ the tripod and sniffing positions are usually signs of" a. b. c. d. respiratory distress. an infection of the brain. hypovolemia. a nec or spine in$ury.

!nswer" a #b$ective" %&-6 (eference" ).' '1. 0ou are assessing an infant who has been ill and has had a fever for the past two days. !s you approach the infant you note that she has grunting respirations. >ased on your #34 training you determine that grunting is" a. b. c. d. a soothing mechanism for a sic child. a symptom of severe respiratory disease. a symptom of significant dehydration. often normal in a child with a cold.

!nswer" b

#b$ective" %&-6 (eference" )6+ '+. Which of the following conditions is not a possible cause of sei5ures in young children? a. b. c. d. Fever :ypothermia Eiabetes 3pilepsy

!nswer" b #b$ective" %&-, (eference" )6%