CNT 3004 Spring 2014

Assignment # 1

1) Consider the FM radio range of frequencies between 89 MHz to 93 MHz. The following seven Orlando stations operate in this range: WLAZ 89.1 FM, WPIO 89.3 FM, WUCF 89.9 FM, WMFE 90.7 FM, WKES 91.1 FM, WPRK 91.5 FM, and WWKA 92.3 FM. Reminder: a bandwidth of 200 KHz (0.2 MHz) is needed for each FM channel. a) FM radio station WUCF operates at an announced frequency of 89.9 MHz. What is the smallest frequency and what is the largest frequency transmitted by this station? b) What is the maximum number of additional FM radio stations that can operate in Orlando with frequencies in the range 89 MHz to 93 MHz? c) If the bandwidth allocated to station WUCF is utilized to transmit data in a noiseless channel, what would be the bit rate of this channel assuming a transmission scheme that uses eight voltage levels? 2) A periodic composite signal contains sine harmonics with frequencies from 5 KHz to 40 KHz. The fundamental frequency of the first harmonic of this composite signal is 5 KHz and all harmonics in the range 5-40 KHz are included in the composite signal. The signal is transmitted over a channel that has attenuation of - dB for all frequencies less than or equal to 20 KHz and attenuation of -3 dB for all frequencies larger than 20 KHz. All harmonics have a maximum power of 40 milliwatts (mW) at the senders side of the channel. a) What is the bandwidth of the signal at the senders side of the channel? b) How many harmonics reach the receiver? c) What is the bandwidth of the signal at the receivers side of the channel? d) What is the maximum power (in mW) of each received harmonic? 3) Consider a mesh network connecting n devices. a) The total number of full duplex links (cables) used to connect n devices in this mesh network is 45. What is the number of devices in this network (i.e., what is the value of n)? b) The channel (link) connecting two devices in this mesh network has a bandwidth of 8 KHz and a signal-to-noise ratio SNR = 31. Calculate the theoretical highest bit rate (i.e., capacity) of this channel. Note: SNR values in real-life networks are much higher than 31. c) A sending device S transmits fixed length packets to a receiving device R over a link in this mesh network. The transmission speed is 100000 bits/second (100 Kbps). The one-way propagation delay of this link is 100 milliseconds. What is the value of the traffic volume (in bits) that fills this link?

4) A non-periodic analog signal has a spectrum with frequencies between 0 and 6250 Hz. The signal is sampled at the Nyquist sampling rate that guarantees the successful reconstruction of the analog signal. At each sample point, the intensity of the signal is measured and is encoded as an integer number of length 8 bits. a) What is the bit rate of the traffic generated by the digitized signal? b) Assume the digitized signal is transmitted as a stream of packets from the sender to the receiver over two hops (links) each of which has an attenuation of -1.5 dB. The power of transmission at the senders side is 50 milliwatts. What is the power of the signal at the receivers side? c) Assume the one-way propagation delay for the first link in part (b) is 0.01 second. A sending device S transmits fixed length packets to a receiving device R over this link. The transmission speed is 1000 packets/second. After operating for a relatively long time (i.e., S has been transmitting for a relatively long time), the link suffered a sudden failure (e.g., the cable of the link was cut). What is the minimum number and what is the maximum number of packets that can be lost as a result of the link failure? Note: If the cable is cut, all bits and packets in transit on the link are lost. Note: A bit in transit is a bit that has been transmitted by the sender and has not arrived at the receiver. A packet in transit is a packet that has been completely transmitted or partially transmitted by the sender but has not been completely received by the receiver.