CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents background of the research, identification of the problem, limitation of the research, statement of the problem, purpose of the research, significance of the research, definition of key term, and organization of the research.

1.1

Background of the Research All languages in the world to some extent are different one another. Each native speaker can express words, phrases, clauses, and sentences to make certain meaning. anguage is basically a means of communication. Through language, all humans can communicate each other, transfer and express some ideas, share with others, make some relationship, invent new things, and so on. !n other words, the language is widely used for some purposes, such as, educational, "udicial, governmental, trading, and even a literary one.

earning a language means a study to communicate with that language both spoken and written. !n order to communicate correctly and appropriately, one should have good components of language that build up the language. !n communication, people use language, which consists of sentences. Thus, people must be able to make sentences in communication. !t means that sentences are the important thing in communication among people. #ne of many languages which is admitted as international language is English. !n !ndonesia, English becomes the foreign 1

language. !ndonesian students may not feel strange to English because based on the new government policy English has been introduced from elementary school level. Through, enculturation process in formal education institution, the way of translating English into their native language are implanted into students% brain. The intended result is that the students are expected to be able to understand the meaning of English sentences.

&ost of students always try to understand the meaning of English sentence by translating it into !ndonesian. 'asnett(&c)uire states that* +Translation involves the transfer of meaning contained in one set of language signs into another set of language through competent use of the dictionary and grammar, the process involves a whole set of extra linguistic criteria also, -1..1 * 1/0. 1urthermore, Toury -$222*10 says that, +Translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions., As we know, the English department students have to know and produce English fluently than the others. English department students not only can translate English into !ndonesian, but also can translate !ndonesian into English. 'ecoming a translator has to master both the source and target language. !t feels difficult, but they have to do it for mastering English well. The process of translating is not as simple and easy as people think. The students face many problems then get many errors. According to 3amelan -1..4*40, if someone wants to learn a foreign language, he will obviously meet all kinds of learning problems. 3amelan -$22/*50 also says that the difficulty encountered by the students in learning second language is caused by the different elements found between his language and the target language. The teacher sometimes tolerates the errors, but some error analysts take $

error as a deviant. !t is no longer tolerable when it reaches a level which is called fossilization. -'rown, $222 * $/10. Therefore, they should know the problems concerning with two different languages. 'ecause of that, the writer wants to analyze the students% translation strategies in !ndonesian into English. 6tudents should know the way how to translate correctly, and the writer hopes that they can solve their problems or difficulties, and then improving their translation ability by knowing the right way to do translation.

1.2 Identifications of the Problems 'ased on the background of the research, there are some problems that may arise. The writer will try to identify the problem as follows* 1. 6tudent must know the right way to translate the source language in order to produce the target language correctly. $. The process of translating is not as simple and easy as people think. 1.3 Limitation of the Research The research focuses in the translation strategies used in eighth semester of 17!8 9:!3#; Tuban The translation strategies contain literal, word for word, one to one, direct, free, transportation, modulation, e<uivalence, and adaptation strategies. And the research also contains the student difficulties in translation. 1.4. Statements of the Problem 'ased on the background of the research above, the writer tries to focus on this problem below* 1.1.1 ;hat types of problems are encountered by our students while translating from ! n d o n e s i a n into English= /

1.1.$ ;hat type of strategies that are employed, or adopted by the students when they are translating the materials= 1.5 Pur oses of the Research This research made based on the focuses stated above, and the purposes of the research are* 1.1./ To describe the difficulties in translation that mostly faced by students in the 9niversity. 1.1.4 To describe any kinds of translation strategies used by students while translating the materials. 1.! Significance of the Research This research is significant because the result intended to become on input for* The reader* 10. Theoretically* The readers are able to understand not only the theory about translation itself but also understand a real condition and the difficulties while trying to practice in translation. $0. 8ractically* !t should be a good encouragement for the reader to face the problems which are similar with the problems on the situation in the research. The writer* 10. Theoretically* This research can enlarge the knowledge and become a passion to get more in science, mostly in education.

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8ractically* The writer can take many positive things to apply in the future more over in the case of translation.

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#he $efinitions of %e& #erms The definitions of key terms stated below in order to make everything

clear and avoid any miss interpretation of term. 1. Translation * A bilingual mediated process of communication, which ordinarily aims at the production of a T text that is functionally e<uivalent to an 6 text -3eiss, $222*1>20 $. Translation 6trategy * A general knowledge of the social setting in which a novel is written. The time, place, circumstances, social demographics such as color, creed, race, language, education, life style, religion, social class in which something occurs or develops. -6aunder, 1..?*?0 /. earning 6trategy * 6ocial catagories used by people to rank within a system of economical stratification. -;right, $22/0

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(rgani)ation of the research !n this research the writer arranges the research into five chapters involving several subdivisions* 5

1.

The first chapter is the introduction. !t consist of the background of the research, identification of the problem, statements of the problems, purpose of the research, significance of the research, the definition of key term and organization of the research.

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The second chapter is the review of related theory. The third chapter is about the research method used by the writer The fourth chapter will discuss about the data analysis. The last chapter, chapter five will talk about the conclusion of the research and suggestion.

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