ME1210: ENGINEERING MECHANICS

ASSIGNMENT-2 (Date: 07/02/2012) Maximum Marks: 100 Due date: 20/02/2012 Note: 1) Marks corresponding to each question is mentioned in square bracket [.]. 2) Assume the proper dimension if you find it missing anywhere. 1. Answer the following questions: (Marks:45) a) Briefly define the particle, physical body, rigid body and flexible body, respectively. [2] b) Briefly define the force, moment and the torque with respect to a given physical body with proper pictorial description. Can you make a distinction of an external force and an internal force for a body under external tensile load P? (Hint: Take section and show the internal force.) [5] c) Define reaction forces based on action and reaction concept of Newtons law and mention the different types of supports and the corresponding reaction components. [3] d) Mention and explain the different ways of finding the resultant of system of forces acting at a point. [3] e) Describe the conversion of a system of forces acting at different points to the force-couple system at a desired point through diagram. [2] f) Define center of gravity for a particle and 2D and 3D physical bodies. Mention the corresponding theorems for considering the axisymmetric bodies. [4] g) Modify the above formulae for finding C.G. of non-uniform areas and non-uniform curves. [2] h) Define 2-force body and multi-force body. Subsequently, define trusses, frames and machine, and discuss their classification. Can you comment on the statically determinate as well as indeterminate conditions associated with each mechanical element, respectively? [6] i) Outline the steps involved in the method of joints and method of sections in the truss analysis. Mention the limitations and advantages associated with each method. [8] j) Define beam and mention the associated forces which are developed due to bending. Discuss the directions of stresses across a given section when a beam is under bending (take as the tension and compressive stress developed at the outer edge of the section). Modify the magnitude and direction of stresses across the section when an axial tensile stress is applied assuming that abs( ) = abs( ) = abs( ). [5] k) Define a cable and make a proper distinction with respect to a string. [2] l) In the analysis of internal forces in beams and cable, can you mention why do we need additional equation? Can you briefly describe the process of obtaining the additional equation in both beam as well as a cable? [3]

2. a) Replace the distributed loading as shown in fig. 1(a) with an equivalent resultant force, and specify its location on the beam measured from point A. Also draw the SF and BM diagram for the given system of forces as well as for the beam with resultant force. [7]

Fig 1 (a)

Fig 1 (b)

b) Currently 85% of all neck injuries are caused by rear-end car collisions. To alleviate this problem, an automobile seat restraint has been developed that provides additional pressure contact with the cranium. During the dynamic tests the distribution of load on the cranium has been plotted and shown to be parabolic. Determine the equivalent resultant force and its location, measured from point A. For the same equivalent resultant force, can you suggest the comfortable posture of the cranium (head) about point B in order to nullify the moment effect if the weight of head is W and the force distribution is kept the same as before. [8] 3. For a beam subjected to a force and couple system as shown in fig. 2, do the following (Marks:20)

Figure 2 a) Mention different external and internal forces which are present in the given system. [2] b) Mention the types of supports at both the ends and show the different components of reaction forces. [2] c) Find out whether the beam is properly constrained in order to design statically determinate system. [2] d) Without considering the reactions, replace the force and couple moment system by an equivalent resultant force and find where its line of action intersects the beam, measured from point O. [4]

e) After finding the resultant force, apply equilibrium equations to compute reactions at both the ends. [2] f) Corresponding to the resultant forces and the reactions, draw shear force and bending moment diagram in the beam assuming all the forces passes through the neutral axis of the beam. [3] g) Try again to draw the shear force and bending moment diagram considering the same line of action of different forces which act on the free-body diagram of the beam as shown in fig. 1. (Hint: First transfer all the loads on the beam, for example, 8kN force at the present point may be replaced by a force and couple at a point on the beam and then draw FBD.) [3] h) Clearly state the advantage of drawing SF and BM diagram in (f) as compared to that in (g). [2] 4. (a) Determine the largest mass m of the suspended block as shown in fig. 3(a) so that the force in any member does not exceed 30 kN (T) or 25 kN (C). (Use method of joints) [5] (b) Determine the force in member EB of the truss shown in fig. 3(b) using the sections a-a and b-b. Indicate whether the member is in tension or compression. [5]

Figure 3(a)

Figure 3(b)

5. (a) If each of the two side cables that support the bridge deck as shown in fig. 4 can sustain a maximum tension of 50 MN, determine the allowable uniform distributed load w0 caused by the weight of the bridge deck [5] (b) Draw the SF and BM diagram of the bridge deck under the same distributed load. [5]

Figure 4 ---------------------------------------- The End --------------------------------------------------------------