MUSIC LEARNING MODULES 15-16: Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao I II III IV TARGET GRADE LEVEL: Grade 7 MODULES 11-12: Bamboo

Instruments of Mindanao TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 Hours OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE

The module is about selected bamboo instruments from Mindanao. The analysis of the music is done with an emphasis on instrument construction, function, and playing techniques. An application of the lesson involves playing improvisations on available bamboo instruments with appropriate expression, tone and style that is reflective of the function of the music. V

PERFORMANCE STANDARD Analyzes musical elements and processes of Philippine music. Correlates Philippine music to Philippine culture. Performs examples of Philippine music, alone and with others, in appropriate tone, pitch, rhythm, expression and style. COMPETENCIES/OBJECTIVES Analyzes an example of Philippine folk music from Mindanao and describe how the musical elements are used. Explains the distinguishing characteristics of representative Philippine folk music from Mindanao in relation to history and culture of the area. Analyzes the relationship of functions of Philippine music from Mindanao to the lives of the people. Improvises simple rhythmic accompaniments to selected Philippine folk music from Mindanao. Evaluates music and music performances applying knowledge of musical elements and style. CONTENT/TOPIC : Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao: Idiophones, Aerophones, Chordophones Cultural Context (History and Traditions): Abundance of Bamboo as Material, Spiritual Connection of Bamboo Social Functions: Music for Ritual, Entertainment, Personal Expression Performance Styles / Techniques: Interlock, Drone and Melody, Damp and Ringing Sounds

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RESOURCES

Readings and Resources: Dioquino, Corazon (2008). Philippine Bamboo Instruments in Humanities Diliman (January-December 2008) 5:1-2, 101-113. http://philippinesheritage.ph/filer/toledo-cebu/PHILIPPINE-BAMBOO-INSTRUMENTS.pdf Maceda, Jose (1998). Gongs and Bamboo. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. Rivera, Merlyn N. Philippine National Report on Bamboo and Rattan: Introduction http://www.inbar.int/documents/country%20report/Philippine.htm Table of Instruments in the Philippines: http://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/Classification.htm Recordings / Videos: Hans Brandeis Viedoes on Tboli http://user.cs.tu-berlin.de/~brandeis/Videos_MindanaoTboli.html Hans Brandeis Videos on Lumad http://user.cs.tu-berlin.de/~brandeis/Videos_MindanaoLumad.html Tboli Culture Video Parts 1 and 2: http://www.taravision.org/tboli_culture.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ObQqGCPuv4&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grYCWYNrG_0&feature=relmfu

IX

ACTIVITIES

AN INTRODUCTION TO BAMBOO: Read the introduction of Riveras Report on Philippine Bamboo and Rattan.Aside from the products she mentioned, can you think of other uses for bamboo in music? TABLE OF BAMBOO INSTRUMENTS: Look at the Kipas Gallery of Philippine Instruments (http://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/Classification.htm). See the different bamboo instruments of the Philippines. Have you ever played one of these instruments? According to Philippine legends, the first man and woman were borne out of bamboo. Bamboo is not only abundant in our country, it is also considered among early Filipinos as a spiritual connection from our physical world to the spiritual world (Santos, 2008). Many bamboo instruments were made for this purpose while some bamboo instruments were also used for

entertainment and personal expression. Different manners of playing bamboo instruments include blowing (aerophones), shaking or hitting (idiophones), and plucking (chordophes) (Dioquino, 2008).

Gabbang Agung a Tamlang (Slit Drum) Tumpong (flute) Sludoy (Bamboo zither) (Pictures 1-3 from www.wikipedia.org , Picture 4 from museomusiko.wordpress.com)

GUIDED VIEWING: View examples of bamboo instruments from the website of Hans Brandeis or the videos on Tboli culture. What was the function of the music? How were the bamboo instruments played? READING: Read the article by Dioquino on Philippine Bamboo Instruments. Fill up the important information regarding the concept map below.

Sociohistorical Context

Musical Types

Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao

Performance Techniques Musical Context

APPLICATION: In groups of five per group, make your own bamboo instrument/s using the templates on aerophones, idiophones or chordophones. Present your instrument in class by reporting on its specifications, manner of playing and perform one improvisation.

ASSESSMENT

Rubrics for Performance Basic Unfocused tone, erratic rhythm, unstable pitch, inconsistent phrasing, dynamics and shows insensitivity to style and context Developing: Focused tone but inconsistent in extreme range, some repeated errors in rhythm and pitch, consistent phrasing, discernible dynamics, some nuances in style as suggested by the score/teacher. Approaching Proficiency: Focused and clear tone in normal range, accurate rhythm and secure pitch with isolated errors, accurate and consistent phrasing, accurate dynamics, with some nuances in style as suggested by the score/teacher. Proficient: Focused, clear tone all throughout, accurate rhythm and secure pitch, consistent and sensitive phrasing and obvious dynamics, with creative nuances to style in response to music score. Rubrics for Designing Bamboo Instruments Basic: Inappropriate, Messy and Incomplete materials, Sound quality lacks resonance Developing: Most materials appropriate, Decorated but messy, Neat but Fragile, Sound quality is slightly resonant Approaching Proficiency: Appropriate materials, Decorated, Neat, Sound quality is Resonant and Varied Proficient: Appropriate and creatively modified materials, Decorated within the context of the instrument, Neat and Durable, Sound Quality is Resonant and Varied

XI

SYNTHESIS

The bamboo instruments of Mindanao show how music and the environment interact in the Filipino way of life. While variations of bamboo instruments exist per ethnic group, these are all unified by the spiritual and personal functions of the music. The creativity of Filipinos is shown in how bamboo is used and adapted to suit the Filipinos musical life.

MUSIC LEARNING MODULES 15-16: Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao I II III IV TARGET GRADE LEVEL: Grade 7 MODULES 11-12: Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 Hours OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE

The module is about selected bamboo instruments from Mindanao. The analysis of the music is done with an emphasis on instrument construction, function, and playing techniques. An application of the lesson involves playing improvisations on available bamboo instruments with appropriate expression, tone and style that is reflective of the function of the music. V

PERFORMANCE STANDARD Analyzes musical elements and processes of Philippine music. Correlates Philippine music to Philippine culture. Performs examples of Philippine music, alone and with others, in appropriate tone, pitch, rhythm, expression and style. COMPETENCIES/OBJECTIVES Analyzes an example of Philippine folk music from Mindanao and describe how the musical elements are used. Explains the distinguishing characteristics of representative Philippine folk music from Mindanao in relation to history and culture of the area. Analyzes the relationship of functions of Philippine music from Mindanao to the lives of the people. Improvises simple rhythmic accompaniments to selected Philippine folk music from Mindanao. Evaluates music and music performances applying knowledge of musical elements and style. CONTENT/TOPIC : Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao Bamboo Instruments of Mindanao: Idiophones, Aerophones, Chordophones Cultural Context (History and Traditions): Abundance of Bamboo as Material, Spiritual Connection of Bamboo Social Functions: Music for Ritual, Entertainment, Personal Expression Performance Styles / Techniques: Interlock, Drone and Melody, Damp and Ringing Sounds

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VII

a. CONCEPT MAP Abundance of Bamboo Spiritual Connection

Sociohistorical Context Musical Types

Aerophones Idiophones Chordophones

Boat Lutes of Mindanao

Performance Techniques Musical Context

Interlock Drone and Melody Damp and Ringing Sounds

Ritual Entertainment Personal Expression

b.

ACTIVITIES & STEPS/ PROCEDURE

1. Read the introduction by Merlyn Rivera on A Report on Philippine Bamboo and Rattan. Ask the students what other uses bamboo has in music. 2. View the table of bamboo instruments from the Kipas website. Ask the students if they have ever played some of the bamboo instruments and for what purpose. 3. Introduce the background of bamboo instruments as spiritual connection to the spirit world and the different types of bamboo instruments, their manner of playing. 4. Watch video examples of bamboo instruments. Analyze the music in terms of instrument construction, function and playing techniques. 5. Group the students into five per group and read the article on Philippine Bamboo Instruments by Dioquino. As a group, complete the concept map using information and insights understood from the readings. Discuss their answers. 6. Have the students make their own bamboo instruments with the article as a guide. Explain the rubrics for making instruments. 7. Go around as the students make their own bamboo instruments. Give feedback on the construction as well as their improvisations. 8. Remind the students of the rubrics for performance. Have the students report the process and specifications of their own bamboo instrument. Culminate the lesson by asking the groups to perform their improvisations on their own bamboo instruments.

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SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Rubrics for Performance Basic Unfocused tone, erratic rhythm, unstable pitch, inconsistent phrasing, dynamics and shows insensitivity to style and context Developing: Focused tone but inconsistent in extreme range, some repeated errors in rhythm and pitch, consistent phrasing, discernible dynamics, some nuances in style as suggested by the score/teacher. Approaching Proficiency: Focused and clear tone in normal range, accurate rhythm and secure pitch with isolated errors, accurate and consistent phrasing, accurate dynamics, with some nuances in style as suggested by the score/teacher. Proficient: Focused, clear tone all throughout, accurate rhythm and secure pitch, consistent and sensitive phrasing and obvious dynamics, with creative nuances to style in response to music score. Rubrics for Designing Bamboo Instruments Basic: Inappropriate, Messy and Incomplete materials, Sound quality lacks resonance Developing: Most materials appropriate, Decorated but messy, Neat but Fragile, Sound quality is slightly resonant Approaching Proficiency: Appropriate materials, Decorated, Neat, Sound quality is Resonant and Varied Proficient: Appropriate and creatively modified materials, Decorated within the context of the instrument, Neat and Durable, Sound Quality is Resonant and Varied IX VIII RESOURCES: READING & LISTENING MATERIALS REFERENCES/LINKS IN WEBSITE RESOURCES

Readings and Resources: Dioquino, Corazon (2008). Philippine Bamboo Instruments in Humanities Diliman (January-December 2008) 5:1-2, 101-113. http://philippinesheritage.ph/filer/toledo-cebu/PHILIPPINE-BAMBOO-INSTRUMENTS.pdf Maceda, Jose (1998). Gongs and Bamboo. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. Rivera, Merlyn N. Philippine National Report on Bamboo and Rattan: Introduction http://www.inbar.int/documents/country%20report/Philippine.htm Table of Instruments in the Philippines: http://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/Classification.htm Recordings / Videos:

Hans Brandeis Viedoes on Tboli http://user.cs.tu-berlin.de/~brandeis/Videos_MindanaoTboli.html Hans Brandeis Videos on Lumad http://user.cs.tu-berlin.de/~brandeis/Videos_MindanaoLumad.html Tboli Culture Video Parts 1 and 2: http://www.taravision.org/tboli_culture.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ObQqGCPuv4&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grYCWYNrG_0&feature=relmfu

GLOSSARY OF MUSIC TERMS & SYMBOLS

Aerophones Tumpong (Flute) Idiophones Gabbang (Xylophone), Agung A Tamlang (Slit Drum), Tagutok (Scraper), Kubing (Jews Harp) Chordophones Sludoy/Sludai/Tanko/Togo (Zither), Serongagandi (Zither)