CAUSE AND IMPACT ANALYSIS ON THE MAIN CHARACTERS SUFFERING IN ELIZABETH GILBERTS NOVEL EAT, PRAY, LOVE

Thesis

By FREDY YUNANTO 06.0 0 !. 6" MADURA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION ENGLISH DEPARTMENT 0##

A$$%&'() Shee* This is to certify that the thesis of Fredy Yunanto entitled An Analysis The causes and The Impacts of The Main Characters Suffering in Elizabeth ilberts !o"el Eat, Pray, Love has been appro"ed by the thesis ad"isors for further appro"al by e#amining committee $ame%asan& February '()) The first ad"isor Sri !urhayati& S* $d

The Second Ad"isor +* A* hufran Ferdiant& M* $d*

MOTTO

BELIEF IS +ITHOUT DRESS AND ITS DRESS IS GOD, FEAR- ITS ORNAMENT IS SHAME AND ITS FRUIT IS .NO+LEDGE

LETTER OF ACCEPTANCE This is to certify that thesis of Fredy Yunanto has been defended in front of The E#aminer of Faculty of Teacher Training And Education Madura ,ni"ersity and Acceptance as the $artial -e.uirement to Achie"e Sar/ana 0egree in English Education $ame%asan&1111111'()) Appro"ed 2y3 Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Madura ,ni"ersity

D%(. S%i H(%i/i 0ean Chair $ersons #. D%(. S%i H(%i/i Chief . R(h0(1- M. P1 Secretary !. A23s B31ih(%*&- M. P1 E#aminer I 4. S%i N3%h(y(*i- S. P1 E#aminer II 5. H. A. Gh36%(/ Fe%1i(/*- M. P1 E#aminer III

This Thesis is De1i7(*e1 *&8

)* My "ery belo"ed our parents for their endless lo"e& pray& and moti"ation to finish this thesis* '* All my family for their affection and moti"ation to finish this thesis* 4* My handsome and beautiful friends in English 0epartment '())& for their friendship& togetherness& /oyfulness& and support to finish this thesis as soon as possible* 5* All my friends in recitation !* ,* branch $adema6u& and for all the scholars for their prayed to finish this thesis and getting satisfy score* Than%s you "ery much for all& you are significant peoples in my life*

AC.NO+LEDGEMENT In the name of Allah S7T& the Most gracious and the Most merciful* Firstly& I than% +im as a 6orld master and al6ays gi"e blessing and miracle as long as my life* And also through the unbounded grace of the Almighty od and blessings of the greatest Apostle of od& so I can do e"erything& especially this thesis* Secondly& 8ur prophet Muhammad SA7* Shola6at and Salam 6ould al6ays be gi"en for him& that guide us from the dar%ness to the lightness that is Islam as true religion in the 6orld* I should not forget to e#press3 )* My deepest gratitude to the first ad"isor Sri !urhayati& S* $d and the second ad"isor Mr* hufrant Ferdiant& M* $d 6ho al6ays smile and gi"e me their support& comments& suggestions& and corrections is finishing my thesis* '* Than%s are also addressed to all my lecturers of English program and non9English lecturers 6ho ha"e gi"en %no6ledge during the academic years* 4* At last& I 6ould li%e to than%s to all person 6ho al6ays ha"e helped and supported me during the process arranging this thesis that cannot be mentioned* May Allah al6ays blessings you all* Amin1 Finally& I hoes this thesis 6ill be useful for all& and cause I am a6are of the 6ea%ness for this thesis& therefore& I 6elcomes correction and comments for the perfect one* $ame%asan& Februari '())

The 6riter

ABSTRACT F%e1y Y3/(/*&- Fe9%3(%y- 0##. C(3se (/1 I0$(7* A/()ysis &/ The M(i/ Ch(%(7*e%s S366e%i/2 I/ E)i:(9e*h Gi)9e%*s /&'e) Eat, Pray, Love. Thesis- E/2)ish De$(%*0e/* F(73*)y &6 M(13%( U/i'e%si*y. The 6i%s* (1'is&%8 S%i N3%h(y(*i- S. P1.- (/1 *he se7&/1 (1'is&%8 H. Gh36%(/ Fe%1i(/*- M. P1. :ey 6ords3 Cause& Impact and Suffering ;iterature is a comple# 6or% that enables us to get en/oyment& 6hich can help us spend our leisure time* A literary 6or% for instance& no"el may enables us to get entertainment in 6hich it can tell about many things that may happen in our li"es* 2esides no"el& literature also consists of a short story& poetry and drama* A no"el is a boo% < length story in prose& 6hose author tries to create the sense that 6hile 6e read* 7e e#perience actual life* This study focuses to discuss the main characters suffering then the researcher adds the causes and the impacts of the main characters suffering* E"ery cause has sol"ed to release& so the researcher adds the sol"ing of the main character to fulfill the main characters suffering* The researcher applies =>descripti"e .ualitati"e> method& because descripti"e method is used to describe the causes and the impacts of the main characters suffering in Elizabeth ilberts no"el Eat, Pray, Love. The data are 6ords& sentence& and discourse of the no"el 6hich are related to the main characters suffering* The researcher found that the main character suffers from some prior problems are3 being failed marriage& interminable di"orce& and passionate lo"e affair that ended in sic%ening heartbrea%* All of them are related 6ith Munandars statement for the bac%ground of the sufferings are seen from causes are physical reason and mental reason* The researcher also gi"es the sol"ing of the main characters suffering* The main characters suffering 6ill display through some confession from the main character and the paragraph that supports the main character felt unhappy from her problems* The problems are the causes from the main characters suffering* After the main character felt suffered& the main character got some impacts from her suffering 6ere3 the symptoms of a ma/or depression suffered& psychosomatic suffered& schizo suffered& and drug dependency suffered* 2ecause the main character suffered about her life& then the main character to%e a radical steps to resol"e her passed ta%ing a long /ourney as one year* The main characters "isited to three countries 6ere3 Italy& India& and Indonesia* The countries abo"e are belie"ed by the main character can resol"e her suffering* Finally& the main character to%e her /ourney and gain her be released than before*

TABLE OF CONTENT $age COVER*********************************************************************************************************************i APPROVAL SHEET***********************************************************************************************ii MOTTO********************************************************************************************************************iii LETTER OF ACCEPTANCE********************************************************************************i" DEDICATION**********************************************************************************************************" AC.NO+LEGMENT********************************************************************************************"i ABSTRACT**************************************************************************************************************"ii TABLE OF CONTENT*******************************************************************************************"iii LIST OF APPENDICES*****************************************************************************************#i CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION***********************************************************************************************************) )*)* 2ac%ground of the Study ) )*'* $roblem Statement of the Study*********************************************************************************? )*4& $urpose of the Study**************************************************************************************************? )*5* The Significance of the Study************************************************************************************? )*?* Scope and ;imitation*************************************************************************************************@ )*@* 0efinition of the :ey Terms**************************************************************************************@ CHAPTER II REVIE+ RELATED OF LITERATURE********************************************************************A '*)* ;iterature********************************************************************************************************************A '*'* Fiction ***********************************************************************************************************************B '*4* !o"el**************************************************************************************************************************B '*4*)* 0efinition of !o"el*************************************************************************************************B '*4*'* :inds of !o"el********************************************************************************************************)( '*4*4* The Elements of !o"el*******************************************************************************************)' '*4*4*)& Theme*******************************************************************************************************************)' '*4*4*'* Setting******************************************************************************************************************)4 '*4*4*4* $lot***********************************************************************************************************************)5 '*4*4*5* Character**************************************************************************************************************)? '*4*4*?* Characterization***************************************************************************************************)?

'*5* Conflict***********************************************************************************************************************)@ '*5*)* Character "s* Self****************************************************************************************************)C '*5*'* $erson "s* $erson****************************************************************************************************)C '*5*4* $erson "s* Society***************************************************************************************************)A '*5*5* $erson "s* !ature****************************************************************************************************)A '*5*?* $erson "s* Supernatural*******************************************************************************************)B '*5*@* $erson "s* MachineDTechnology EMain Article3 Man "s* MachineF***********************)B '*? Sub/ect Matter and Theme******************************************************************************************'( '*@The !ature of Suffering***********************************************************************************************'( CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD*************************************************************************************************'5 4*)* -esearch 0esign*********************************************************************************************************'5 4*'* 0ata Source****************************************************************************************************************'? 4*'*)* 8b/ecti"e Approach************************************************************************************************'? 4*'*'* Mimetic Approach**************************************************************************************************'? 4*'*4* $ragmatic Approach************************************************************************************************'? 4*'*5* E#pressi"e Approach**********************************************************************************************'@ 4*4* The 8b/ect of the Study*********************************************************************************************'@ 4*4* 0ata Collection**********************************************************************************************************'C 4*5* 0ata Analysis*************************************************************************************************************'C CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION**************************************************************************************'B 5*)* The Main Characters Suffering*********************************************************************************'B 5*)*)* 2eing a Failed Marriage******************************************************************************************4( 5*)*'* Interminable 0i"orce**********************************************************************************************4' 5*)*4* $assionate ;o"e Affair that Ended in Sic%ening +eartbrea%**********************************4? 5*'*)* The Causes of the Main Characters Suffering*******************************************************4C 5*'*)*)* A Failed Marriage************************************************************************************************4C

5*'*)*'* Interminable 0i"orce*******************************************************************************************4A 5*'*)*4* $assionate ;o"e Affair that Ended in Sic%ening +eartbrea%*******************************5( 5*'*'* The Impacts of the Main Characters Suffering******************************************************5) 5*'*'*)* The Symptoms of a Ma/or 0epression****************************************************************5' 5*'*'*'* $sychosomatic Suffered***************************************************************************************5? 5*'*'*4* Schizo Suffered****************************************************************************************************5@ 5*'*'*4* 0rug 0ependency Suffered**********************************************************************************5A 5*4* The -esol"ing of the Main Characters Suffering*****************************************************5B 5*4*)* Italy*************************************************************************************************************************?( 5*4*'* India************************************************************************************************************************?) 5*4*4* Indonesia ****************************************************************************************************************?4 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION**************************************************************************?@ ?*)* Conclusion*****************************************************************************************************************?@ ?*'* Suggestion******************************************************************************************************************?C

LIST OF APPENDICES

)* 2iography of The Author***************************************************************************************************@) '* Synopsis of Eat, Pray, Love***********************************************************************************************@'

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter the researcher discusses about this study based on bac%ground of the study& problem statements of the study& purpose of the study& the significance of the study& scope and limitation of the study& and definition of %ey terms* All of them are included on the chapter one as fulfilled of the study*

#.#. B(7;2%&3/1 &6 The S*31y ;iterature does not ta%e itself to a single definition because the achie"ing of it o"er century has been as comple# and natural as the life itself* Many literary e#perts ha"e different opinion about literature* In this case& it is related 6ith the time and social condition* ;iterature itself is correlated 6ith humans e#pression* Identical 6ith life& it can be seen that literature is a true picture or replication of humans life* The focus of literature is man%inds life and the problem in it* It describes that man%inds life has many 6ays of e#pressing their felling& imagination& creation& and communication definitely the e"ents of ta%ing human life* ;ong in his boo%&> English literature&>E)B53AF 6rites that literature is the e#pression of life in the 6ord of troughs and beauty& it is the 6ritten record of mans thoughts& emotions& aspirations& it is the story& and the only history& of the human soul* ;iterary 6or% so far is considered to be difficult to understand because it needs a sharp sense of appreciation to get 6illingness to find out 6hat the author 6ants to e#press to the readers* Therefore& the readers need to loo% into not only outer surface of its components but also 6hat is more important in the essence of it* It also implies things in a 6or% of literature ha"e to be dug out to find the "aluable lesson hidden* The

appreciation of literary 6or% is al6ays stands by special attitude such as ho6 to interpret& characterize and e"aluate* ;iterature cannot be separated from language because literature is language used at the best* ;anguage is the medium of literature and the only purpose of language communicated something from the person to another* ;anguage is also connection of literary 6or%* As the connection of literary 6or%s signs to system 6hich connects of a 6or%s of literature& an author& and the readers* The connection is complicated based on de"elop the three aspects* According Segers E)BCA3'5 < '?F communication of literary 6or%s is complicated than communication of machine* According Connoly E)B??F& literature has three characteristics* Firstly& literature has po6er* It means that the use of language in a certain piece of 6or% of literature may create po6erful emotional impacts in readers mind* Secondly& literature is "i"id* The 6ritten 6or% of literature can ma%e someone hear& feel& and see* Thirdly& the language of literature is clear* To clarify this& the author uses in passage to describe the character& the author clarifies her definition of person by allo6ing 6ho she is& 6hy she does it& no6 she does it 6hat he 6ould ne"er do* ;iterature is grouped on some categories by some e#perts relate 6ith time& form& and purpose of using literature* According Ga%ob Sumardo and Saini in their boo% =Apresiasi :esusastraan> E)BA@3)A( di"ided ;iteratures into t6o categories that !on Imaginati"e literature and Imaginati"e ;iteratureF* Imaginati"e literature is the 6riting contains fact e#planation or real people life and history 6hich aim at con"eying %no6ledge to article& history boo%& dictionaries and te#t boo%* 8n the other hand& imaginati"e literature aims an entertaining as 6ell as gi"ing information* In this case the author tries to tell about his though& ideas and feeling*

A no"el is a boo% length story in prose& 6hose author tries to create the sense that 6hile 6e need& 6e e#perience actual life& E:ennedy& )BA43)A(F* In reading a no"el& the readers 6ill gain messages& and it is not easy to interpret& it needed 6or% hard to appreciate contents of no"el forget message has been con"eys by author* As no"el may ha"e many characters& some characters may ne"er e"er come into relation 6ith an author* $eople %no6 that all the people in the 6orld at this moment and related& if only by the nature of the fact that they are all li"ing at the same time* 0irect contact is not necessary to establish relationship& though a no"elist 6ill probably sho6 closer relationship among his character that there is merely being ali"e at the same time* Through reading a no"el& the readers gain messages from no"el that the author is con"eyed pass the contents of no"el* ;i%e the main character of a no"el 6ill be representation of humans e#pression from the e"ents of human life such their problem& struggle of life and conflict* They cannot be separated from lo"e& sacrifice& humanity and sorro6* 7e are able to appreciate human life and do out our problem concern 6ith psychological& social& and others* The contribution of appreciating no"el is the readers ha"e to analyze for gaining the messages* Analysis of main character 6ill gi"e us insight of human life about pressure conflict that impacts from the main characters suffering in Elizabeth ilberts eat, pray, love. It is "ery different from other no"els that I ha"e met before* In Elizabeth ilberts no"el =Eat& $ray& ;o"e&> an author gi"es a different sensation but about common problems that happen to anyone* $roblems in the no"el =Eat& $ray& ;o"e> gi"e a different atmosphere* Although it seems simple but had a tremendous conflict* Conflicts that occurred in daily are a per"asi"e an#iety and depression in the main character in this no"el* Impressed simple but "ery 6eighty* There are some re"ie6 came

from San Francisco Chronicle 9 0on ;attin and Gennifer Egan* 2oth of them ga"e respond about this no"el* Firstly& the re"ie6 came from San Francisco Chronicle < 0on ;attin of her re"ie6 that ilbertHs 6riting is chatty and deep& confident and self9 deprecating* SheHs a .uic% study and doesnHt 6orry about leading readers do6n uncharted paths* That ma%es her 6or% engaging and accessible but sometimes gets her and the rest of us lost in space* And the second& the re"ie6 also came from the famous person 6as The !e6 Yor% Times 9 Gennifer EganI ;ac%ing a ballast of gra"itas or grit& the boo% lists into the realm of magical thin%ing3 nothing ilbert touches seems to turn out 6rongI not a single 6ish goes unfulfilled* 7hat are missing are the te#tures and confusion and unfinished business of real life**** 7hile I 6ouldnHt begrudge this massi"ely talented 6riter a single iota of /oy or peace& I found myself more interested& finally& in the a6%6ard& unresol"ed stuff she must ha"e chosen to lea"e out* As added from the re"ie6 that the researcher had inter"ie6 from his friends* That the no"el eat, pray, love 6as 6onderful 6ith the style of main characters beha"ior* It also ga"e some taste of the no"el 6ith the /ourney of the main character 6as beginning of therapy* Therapy for releasing 6as from the main characters suffering* As the researcher& the re"ie6 abo"e encouraged to conduct research and understanding in the content of no"el* It ga"e moti"ated from the researcher interpreted the content of Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* The researcher also 6ill gi"e some e"idence about the sub/ect of the no"el as spiritual and the genre of the no"el is about memoir* In this story& the 6riter of this thesis 6ill discuss of the main characters suffering& the causes and the impacts that influences of the main characters suffering& and ho6 to sol"e from its* This thesis discusses about the main characters suffering because it is dominant theme of the story* For the main characters suffering of this

study /ust 6ill be pro"ed about the main character suffered* The e"idences of the main characters suffering /ust sho6s of the confession of the main characters life based of the Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love*

#. . P%&9)e0 S*(*e0e/* &6 *he S*31y In this study there are some problems that are necessary to be in"estigated in relations 6ith the main characters suffering E;izF in the no"el* The 6riter of this thesis formulates the problems as follo6s3 )* 7hat are the main characters sufferings on Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, loveJ '* 7hat are the causes and the impacts of the main character sufferingJ 4* +o6 does the main character o"ercome her sufferingJ

#.!.

P3%$&se &6 *he S*31y The 6riter of this thesis states purposes of the study to find out the ans6er of the

problems* They are formulated as follo6s3 )* To describe of the main characters sufferings on Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* '* To describe the causes and the impacts of the main characters suffering* 4* To describe the main character o"ercome her sufferingJ

#.4.

The Si2/i6i7(/7e &6 *he S*31y

This result of this thesis is e#pected to pro"ide analysis as the .ualitati"e research and ta%es sample in Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* The 6riter emerges problems from the main character of the no"el& so this study focusses on the analysis problem* This thesis 6ill gi"es comprehending causal net6or% of analysis problem* It gi"es description about the application of psychological and philosophical theories in the study of personality of the character in literary 6or%& including their causes and the influence to their act* $ractically& it gi"es understanding %no6ledge about personal e#istence to ma%e general and specific readers ha"e high consciousness in life* Secondly& it is e#pected to be able to enhance and encourage the readers& especially the students of English 0epartment to pay more attention on literary 6or%s* The researcher of this thesis also hopes that the readers 6ill be able to ta%e result of this research as the lesson in their life* !ot only for the students 6ho gain the contributions of this thesis but also bet6een English teacher and other researchers 6ho 6ant to interpret it 6ill gain the contributions too* This study intends to pro"ide for the English Teacher 6ho 6ants to de"elop their %no6ledge about no"el and increases their "ocab* For other researchers and the readers gain many lessons of this study such as the main characters suffering that impacts the readers mindI the causes and the impacts of the main characters sufferingI and ho6 to o"ercome of the main characters suffering* They 6ill gi"e us insight for the cases of this study* This study presents some contributions li%ed struggle& conflict of life& and problems of life occurring to the main character* The ob/ect of this study is uni.ue* There are )(A tales of the no"el that it li%es japa mala* Japa mala is strings of beads* In a 6ay& this study gi"es many contributions for the Students& English Teachers& other researchers& and the readers*

#.5. S7&$e (/1 Li0i*(*i&/ &6 *he S*31y The researcher of this thesis /ust 6anted to discuss suffering* So& the researcher of this thesis ga"e the scope of no"el eat, pray, love by Elizabeth ilbert* The limitation of the study by only discussing the causes and the impacts of main characters suffering& and ho6 to o"ercome of the main characters suffering in Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love*

#.6. De6i/i*i&/ &6 *he .ey Te%0s. To ma%e the study clearer to the readers and to a"oid confusion in understanding this study& the 6riter of this thesis 6ould li%e to present se"eral definitions of %ey terms3 !o"el is boo% length story in prose& 6hose author tries to create the sense that& 6hile one reads& they e#perience it E:ennedy& )BA43)A(F* Suffering is feelings of pain or unhappiness Ehornby& A* A& )BC5F* Cause is produces and effect from something* Impact is stri%ing of something* A main character is someone the representation of a person in a narrati"e or dramatic 6or% of art* Elizabeth ilbert is the author of the no"el eat, pray, love

CHAPTER II REVIE+ OF RELATED LITERATURE

In the chapter t6o& the researcher gi"es re"ie6 of related literature such asI literatureI fictionI no"el and the nature of suffering* !o"el comprises definition of no"el& %inds of no"el& and the elements of no"el* The element of no"el in here included theme& setting& plot& characterization& conflict& sub/ect matter and theme* They 6ill be e#plained one by one of this chapter*

.#.

Li*e%(*3%e According to Gones Gr* E)BA@F literature is simply another 6ay people can

e#perience the 6orld around them through the imagination* It can be di"ided into t6o different groups namely informati"e literature and imaginati"e literature* Informati"e literature deals 6ith facts& e#planation& real peoples life& and history* Imaginati"e literature& on the other hand aims to arouse thoughts and feelings* In other boo%s& literature is as the standard of e#pression from 6hat the people ha"e sho6n in life& ha"e e#perienced about life& ha"e lost in thought and felt about aspects of life 6hich interest in directly and forcefully* Actually& it is an e#pression of life passing through language form E+ard/ana& )BA)3)5F* In other 6ords& literature born because of fundamental moti"ation of human beings interest in literary 6or%s*

$errine E)B?B34))F defines literature according to the aim of 6riting literature* +e ma%es t6o broad categories of literature& namely33 escape literature and interpretati"e literature* Escape literature is that 6ritten purely for entertainment& to help is pass the time agreeably* Its only ob/et is pleasure* 7hile& interpretati"e literature is 6ritten to broaden and deep and sharpen our a6areness of life* It ta%es us& through imagination& deeper into the real 6orld3 it enables us to understand the reality of life better* Francis Connoly E)BB?F said that men read because of hunger for information or amusement or solace on appetite for truth that literature is anthology or collection of stories& poems& plays& no"els and other 6or%s of literature 6ritten by many different authors* ;iterature should not only pro"ide en/oyment for readers but it also gi"es something more important to their life*

. .

Fi7*i&/ Fiction is narrati"e literature that creates an imaginary reality in the form of a

story 6ritten in sentences and paragraph 6ith no strongly rhythmic base* There is usually a sense of "arious e#perience of someone recreating past e"ents* Included are no"el& no"elette and short story* 2ut in this study the researcher only focuses to the no"el*

.!.

N&'e) !o"el usually concerns 6ith human being and through the story gi"e "aluable

message for us* !o"el can enrich our sense of humanity and imagination& because it tries to portray human relationship& lo"e struggles& ambition and e#perience* 2y reading

no"el people can get %no6ledge about e#pression of life by 6ords and the readers can find of human personality& many characters of people and human beha"ior*

.!.#. De6i/i*i&/ &6 N&'e) !o"el is 6hich one forms of traditional fiction& as the literary 6or%s& are meant for telling stories* According to Singleton and Millet in their boo% =An Introduction to ;iterature> that no"el is prose fiction of considerable length sho6ing characters in action and capable of greater comple#ity both character and plot than the story>* E)B@@3))B5F* This idea supported by 7ebster E)B?'F& that a fiction prose narrati"e of considerable length& portraying characters& action and scene representati"e of real life in a plot of more and less intricacy* !o"el is not li%e a short story& no"elette& and no"ella* The categories differentiate about traditional fictions abo"e are length* !o"el is not also li%e a short story for some aspects* According Gones in his boo% =8utlines of ;iterature> E)B@A3A(F that a short story focuses on one incident timeI an o"er has far more range* It may deal 6ith a lifetime a number of incidents* A no"el may ha"e many character& some characters may ne"er e"en come into contact 6ith others& but 6ho are& ne"ertheless& someho6 in"ol"ed 6ith others* +o6e"er both of them are different for some aspects& both of them are some similarities* 2oth are prose fiction and dealing 6ith truth& problems& conflict and both of them ha"e the same aim to entertain and to inform&* In both& the elements of structure are found3 plot& characterization& setting and theme but a no"el is longer and more comple#*

.!. . .i/1s &6 N&'e)

In the anthology of English literature& $utra E)BCA3?49?5F mentioned se"en types of no"els and addition of a fe6 e#perts as follo6s3 )* The picares.ue no"el& the no"el 6hich tal%s about the ad"entures of a rougher %na"e* For e#ample3 Moll Flanders E0efoeFI Goseph Andre6 and Tom Gones EFieldingF* '* The epistolary no"el& the no"el 6ritten in the form of series of letters bet6een the characters* For e#ample3 $amela& Clarissa +arolo6& E-icharsonF* 4* The sentimental no"el& the no"el that contains an e#aggerated e#pression of sentiment& aimed at producing a calculated response from the reader* For e#ample3 $amela E-ichardsonF and A sentimental /ourney ESternF* 5* The othic no"el& the no"el that co"ers such elements as horror& death& "iolence& mystery and the supernatural predominate* For e#ample3 ;aura Con6ays The unforgotten& Fran :estein EMary Shelly& Gane Eyre ECharlotte 2ronteF* ?* The didactic no"el& the no"el in 6hich the message is used to teach something or to preach political or religious doctrines and social reforms* For e#ample3 0ic%enss no"els are didactic no"els aimed at social reforms* @* The historical no"el& the no"el 6hich sets a historical bac%ground& a detailed reconstruction of life in another time* For e#ample3 Sir 7alter Scotts no"els* C* The domestic no"el& the no"el 6hich mostly tal%s about the domestic problems of certain family* For e#ample3 Gane Austen E$ride and $re/udice and Sense and SensibilityF*
8. memoirno"el& a %ind of no"el that pretends to be a true autobiography or

memoir* It 6as an important form in the emergence of the modern no"el during

the )Ath century& in such 6or%s as 0aniel 0efoeHs Moll Flanders E)C''F and Gohn ClelandHs Memoirs of a Lady of Pleasure E)C5A<BI usually %no6n as Fanny HillF* A similar pseudoautobiographical mode of firstperson narrati"e is found in "ery many later no"els& but the pretence that the real author 6as only an Keditor of a true account did not outli"e the )Ath century* B* -omance& This form of no"el goes beyond ordinary e#perience and social predicaments into ma%e9belie"e* Something ne6 is being searched for in an alternati"e 6orld beyond familiar circumstances so that the no"elHs purpose is a moral or ideal issue* !e"ertheless& the transportation to some idealized 6orld& or going on a some6hat fantastic /ourney& can lead to disappointment& and its moral outcome* The charactersH ideals can be crushed* The fantastical /ourney can be a big illusion or /o%e& 6here the reality is a series of mundane disappointments or repeated errors* European 6riters tend to present and then undermine the fantastic& 6hereas Americans use the fantasy to e#plore matters* Portrait of a Lady E)AA)F by +enry GamesI Wuthering Heights E)A5CF by Emily 2rontL This study discusses eat, pray, love no"el by Elizabeth ilbert and this %ind of no"el is included a memoir9no"el* Some of researchers such as publishers 6ee%ly classify this no"el into a %ind of romantic no"el* Actually this sub/ect of no"el is spirituality* It combines 6ith some conflicts& problems& struggle& causes and impacts of the main characters suffering& and reco"ering of the problems through spirituality base of the no"el*

.!.! The E)e0e/*s &6 N&'e)

There are some elements of no"el& 6hich ha"e relation 6ith the study& namely3 theme& setting& plot& character& characterization& conflict& and suffering*

.!.!.#. The0e Theme is basic or the aim of story or no"el E2roo%s and 7arren& )B?B3@AAF* According to Scharbach theme is the idea 6hich become the foundation of a story& so it has a role as the 6riters foundation in describing their fiction 6or% the other e#planation& in addition theme is not synonymous 6ith moral or message and theme relates to meaning and purpose* In the sense& in order to understand the theme& the readers ha"e to understand the significant element 6hich builds a story including the meaning of a story and able to related the purpose of these creation* Ed6ard +* Gones& Gr* point out the theme of a no"el is its underlying idea or 6isdom that the author is presenting* :enney E)B@@3B)F says that the theme is the meaning of the story releases* :oesnosoebroto E)BAA3CBF .uoted from $errine E)B?B3)54F propose some principle to loo% for a theme in story3 E)F Theme must be e#pressible in the form of statement 6ith a sub/ect and predicate* Theme must be statement about the sub/ect& E'F the theme must be stated as a generalization about life* Theme is often listed as one of fundamental elements of fiction* In this case& the ma%ings of no"el ha"e a theme 6hich became a ma/or type of message* This is the central idea from an author* 8n eat, pray, love by Elizabeth ilbert is included of spirituality or religious* .!.!. Se**i/2

According to Connonly E)B?53)5F& setting is in a sense =the time place and concrete situation of the narrati"e of en"ironment in 6hich characters spin out their destinies* In a good story& setting is also 6ell integrated 6ith plot and character that the reader is hardly a6are of it* The function of setting is to create an atmosphere that is %ind of mood or emotional 6hich suggested by the setting to establish the readers e#planation E:ennedy& )B@@34AF There are t6o %inds of settingI physical and psychological* $hysical setting means the place 6here an e"ent happens* $hysical setting relates 6ith place* $sychological setting is concerned 6ith en"ironment or the ob/ect in certain en"ironment 6hich influence the reader emotion* $sychological setting can be in term of situation& attitude and point of "ie6 of certain societys en"ironment* Setting consists of E)F the actual geographical location& including topography& scenery& e"ent the details of a rooms interior& E'F the occupation and mode of day to day e#istence of the characters& E4F The time in 6hich the action ta%es place& e*g* historical& season& and emotional en"ironment of the character E:enney& )B@@35(F* The setting is also list as one of the fundamental elements of fiction* The e#planations about setting ha"e fully described abo"e* The physical setting meant the place& and time 6hen the e"ents 6as occurring such as =I disco"ered io"anni for a fe6 6ee%s after Id arri"ed in -ome& than%s to that beg Internet cafM at the $iazza 2arbarini& across the street from the fountain 6ith the sculpture of that se#y merman blo6ing into his conch shell*> And the second is the psychological setting that means describing about the full setting of the e"ents ha"e occurred* The process of the study ha"e met many psychological setting of eat, pray, love no"el by Elizabeth ilbert* .!.!.!. P)&*

A plot is the structure of emotion& 6hich e#ist on fiction or drama* According to Ed6ard +* Gones& Gr& plot is the action of the story* It is the se.uence of e"ents in"ol"ing the character or characters* In other 6ords& plot is the se.uence of e"ents in a story* Each e"ent causes or leads to the ne#t one* And a plot re"eals e"ents to the readers& not only in their temporal but also their casual relationship* In other opinion& Tarigan said the principle of plot in another literary 6or% that a fiction should be the beginning& middle and the ending* In literature they are usually calls as e#position& complication and denouement* In the beginning& usually a plot begins e#positionI it is the bac%ground of setting and situation* Furthermore& narrati"e boo% is dra6ing the reader into the story* -ising action is the e"ents that contribute to the clima#* 7hereas& clima# is the point of highest dramatist tension* The falling action presents the result of the clima#& and the resolution gi"es the final outcome* According to Connonly& E)BB??3@F besides& Mac Millan in =Appreciating ;iterature>& there is the scheme of plot& as follo6s3 Clima# -ising Action Falling Action

E#position

!arrati"e boo%

-esolution

.!.!.4. Ch(%(7*e% According to :ennedy E)BA435?F& character is an imagined person 6ho inhabits a story* 2ut his definition& as himself admits& is o"er simplified& for in stories may happen not only to the people but also the elements of nature such as the 6ind& the 6a"e& grass or stone& or e"en animals* The story 6ill e#ist only because these things 6ill be treated as if they 6ere human rather that as 6hat 6e %no6 they are in nature& 6ith the e#ception of stories 6ith animals as characters E:oenosoebroto& )BAA3@?F*

8n the basic of importance character can be di"ided into t6o types& mayor and minor character E:oesnosoebroto& )BAA3@BF* Mayor character is the most important character in a story* 2asically the story is about this character& but he or she cannot stand on his o6n* +e or she needs other character to ma%e the story more con"incing and minor character is less important character that those of the mayor& for the minor character /ust support the mayor one* Sunaryo :oensosoebroto in his 2oo% 6rites& protagonist is the character 6ho has attitudes& 6hich is pleasing the readers* Antagonist is the character 6ho has attitudes& 6hich is not pleasing and doesnt agree 6ith the readers imagination*

.!.!.5. Ch(%(7*e%i:(*i&/ According to :earns E)BA53@)(F& a characterization is personality of the character and the method that an author uses to re"eals this personality* Ed6ard +* Gones& Gr said that characterization is the depicting of clear images of a person* There are t6o methods of characterization>3 the dramatic and the analytic* In the dramatic 6e form our opinions of the character from 6hat they do and say& from their en"ironment& and from 6hat other characters thin% of them* In the analytic method the author comments upon the characters& e#plaining their moti"es& their appearance& and their thoughts* Characterization can be direct or indirect* 7ith direct characterization the author directly states fact about a characters personalityI 6ith indirect characterization the author re"eals a characters personality indirectly through the characters physical appearance& 6ords& thoughts& and actions or through 6hat other characters say about that character*

Characterization described characters comprises are physics& though& appearance& and actions or through 6hat other characters say about that character* +abitually& it appeared of fiction the author used a passage to describe the character& author clarifies his definition of person by allo6ing 6ho he is& 6hy he does it& no6 he does it 6hat he 6ould* It 6as discussed of the characteristic of fiction abo"e*

.4.

C&/6)i7* In daily life& conflict is mostly caused by the different opinion& limited s%ills&

unfulfilled and dissatisfaction* According to Ed6ard +* Gones E)B@AF is di"ided conflict into three categories3 physical& social and psychological conflict* The physical conflict is a conflict of the character against the nature* The social conflict is a conflict bet6een human being* It is a conflict 6here a man against a man& the main character may be against some person or group of person* Those t6o %inds of conflict can be classified as e#ternal conflict& the last in psychological conflict* It means that a conflict of a character against herself or himself* This conflict can be classified into internal conflict* 8n some statements about conflict 6e sometimes meet 6ith others statements that more completely describe about it* 2efore 6e 6ill be far e#planation of conflict& 6e discuss the means of conflict* 7orld English 0ictionary means that conflict is discord of action& feeling& or effectI antagonism or opposition& as of interests or principles3 a conflict of ideas* It also means a mental struggle arising from opposing demands or impulse* Conse.uently& 6e 6ill find some categories from conflict itself of our though* 7e can directly distinguish conflict into some typesI $erson Ns $erson& $erson Ns Machine& $erson Ns Society& $erson Ns !ature& Character Ns Self& and the last $erson Ns Supernatural*

There are si# basic types of conflict* In modern times& $erson "s* Machine& also %no6n as $erson "s* Technology& has become another one*

.4.#. Ch(%(7*e% 's. se)6 Character "s* Self is the theme in literature that places a character against his or her o6n 6ill& confusion& or fears* Man "s* Self can also be 6here a character tries to find out 6ho he or she is or comes to a realization or a change in character* Although the struggle is internal& the character can be influenced by e#ternal forces* The struggle of the human being to come to a decision is the basis of Character "s* Self* E#amples include the no"el called rendel on the character ta%en from the epic 2eo6ulf* More recently& there ha"e been mo"ies about Character "s* Self such as Fight Club and the Academy A6ard 6inning mo"ie& A 2eautiful Mind* 7hen a person struggles 6ith his or her inner self by deciding 6hatHs right or 6rong*

.4. . Pe%s&/ 's. $e%s&/ $erson "s* $erson is 6hen& in a no"el& there is a conflict of t6o forms of li%e beings* An e#ample is the heroHs conflicts 6ith the central "illain of a 6or%& 6hich may play a large role in the plot and contribute to the de"elopment of both characters* There are usually se"eral confrontations before the clima# is reached* The conflict is e#ternal* $erson "s* $erson can usually be e#pressed by

6hen a child is being ridiculed by a bully* An e#ample is the conflict bet6een Gudah and Messala in 2en9+ur*

.4.!. Pe%s&/ 's. S&7ie*y $erson "s* Society is a theme in fiction in 6hich a main characterHs& or group of main charactersH& main source of conflict is social traditions or concepts* In this sense& the t6o parties are3 aF the protagonistEsFI bF the society of 6hich the protagonistEsF are included* Society itself is often loo%ed at as a single character& /ust as an opposing party 6ould be loo%ed at in a $erson "s* $erson conflict* An e#ample in literature 6ould be 7uthering +eights by Emily 2rontL*right*

.4.4. Pe%s&/ 's. N(*3%e $erson "s* !ature is the theme in literature that places a character against forces of nature* Many disaster films focus on this theme& 6hich is predominant 6ithin many sur"i"al stories* It is also strong in stories about struggling for sur"i"al in remote locales& such as the no"el +atchet or Gac% ;ondonHs short story OTo 2uild a FireO* Also A separate peace is a good e#ample 6ith ;eper not 6anting to /ump out of the tree* Some are not so remote such as 2anner in the S%y*

.4.5. Pe%s&/ 's. S3$e%/(*3%()

$erson "s* Supernatural is a theme in literature that places a character against supernatural forces* 7hen an entity is in conflict 6ith his& her& or itself& the conflict is categorized as internal& other6ise& it is e#ternal* Such stories are often seen in Freudian Criticism as representations of id "s* superego* 2ram Sto%erHs 0racula is a good e#ample of this& as 6ell as Fran%enstein by Mary Shelley and OChristabelO by Samuel Coleridge* It is also "ery common in comic boo%s

.4.6. Pe%s&/ 's. M(7hi/e<Te7h/&)&2y =M(i/ (%*i7)e8 M(/ 's. M(7hi/e> $erson "s* MachineDTechnology places a character against robot forces 6ith Oartificial intelligenceO* I& -obot and the Terminator series are good e#amples of this conflict* In this study the researcher find some conflicts of Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love. There are consisted of the person "ersus self& and person "ersus person based according from http3DDen*6i%ipedia*orgD6i%iDFiction* In other side& the researcher summarizes the conflict from the t6o types of conflict in Ed6ard +* Gones* According Ed6ard +* Gones E)B@AF& there are e#ternal conflict and internal conflict* The e#ternal conflict comprised cosmic& social& and physical conflict* In other side& the internal conflict is psychological conflict* 2ased on the no"el& the main character has e#perienced psychological conflict as the internal conflict and physical conflict as the e#ternal conflict* $sychological conflict is a character e#periences inner unrest and discord& essentially struggling 6ithin him* Characters may struggle 6ith themsel"es in "arious 6ays&

including 6restling 6ith ideas of good and e"il& struggling 6ith 6ea%nesses and grappling 6ith decisions* $sychological conflict may re"eal itself as an indi"idual 6restling 6ith a moral decision or trying to o"ercome a handicap* Characters 6ho suffer from addictions or 6ho ma%e self9destructi"e choices may also be manifesting psychological conflict* And physical conflict is characters struggle against other e#ternal forces* A character may struggle against other characters& animals or e"en natural forces* $hysical conflict may manifest itself as problems 6ith physical shelter or safety& or it may be reflected through fights bet6een friends& family members or lo"ers*

.5

S39?e7* M(**e% (/1 The0e :enney E)B@@3))F says that sub/ect matter is not 6hat the 6or%ed contains& but

6hat the 6or% refers to* The sub/ect matter of this no"el&>Eat $ray ;o"e> is the story of Elizabeths life* Theme is the topic of the story* :enney E)B@@3B)F describes that theme is the meaning of the story that releases* The theme in Elizabeth ilberts no"el =eat, pray, love, is spiritual and for the genre of the no"el is memoir*

.6. The N(*3%e &6 S366e%i/2 +appiness and sadness al6ays accompany peoples life* ;ife 6ill be colorful 6ith such feelings* Sometimes& 6hen they feel happy they 6ill fill their life 6ith enthusiasm and e#citement* In other causes& 6hen their feeling is not good& they 6ill easily get angry because of uncontrolled emotion and the result is that they can easily get them into trouble& 6hen their life are not felt pleasant as usual* They become 6orried about the safety and afraid of their belongings* Those emotions can create bad

/udgment to6ard other people* They can ta%e a friend into enemies and ma%e their life sorro6* So& those can ma%e them feel stressed and depressed* 2ecause& of that& they al6ays li"e in 6orrying and suffer* From abo"e e#planation& it can be conclude that suffering is bearing on feeling something that is not comfortable in their life that is faced by human being* According to Munandar E'(((3AAF& there are t6o %inds of suffering based on the causes* The first& suffering 6as caused by physics such as natural disaster& disease and death* The second& the mental reason& suffering is caused by en"ironmental and social situations 6hich are e"aluated as potentially harmful& and controllable* The situations or e"ents that cause sufferings are changes in ones life& e#ercise& noise& frustration and /ob& social or family pressure* 2oth of them can meet each other* If the person gets the mental reason it seems no 6orry* 2ut if it continues embed of someone& it 6ill destroy her endurance* The researcher find the mental reason of eat, pray, love no"el by Elizabeth ilbert* There is some suffering that appears of the study as follo6I psychosomatic of main character& =0epression and loneliness ha"e barged into my life again& and I /ust too% my last 7ellbutrin three days ago*> E$ < @AF the e#planation impacted of main character of the study& =I am schizo> E$ < @BF and others impacts of main characters suffering* Conse.uently& mental reason is a suffering is caused by en"ironmental and social situations 6hich are e"aluated as potentially harmful& and controllable* According to Spencer A* -athus and Gefrey S* !e"id of their boo% =$sychology Abnormal> E'((43C(F mentions the psychosocial and en"ironmental problems become some categories

Category $roblem $roblems 6ith $rimary support groups

Cases 0eath of family membersI Marital disruption in the form of separation& di"orce& or estrangementI se#ual or physical "iolence 6ithin the familyI

$roblems related to social en"ironment $roblems relating to education Employment problems

neglect of childrenI birth siblings 0eath or loss of a friendI li"ing alone or social isolationI the difficulty in ad/usting the ne6 culture EacculturationF IlliterateI academic difficulties e#cessi"e 6or%load& problems 6ith labor leaders& changes in employmentI the threat of /ob losses

+ousing problems Economic problems $roblems 6ith access to health ser"ices $roblems relating to the legal system $sychosocial and other en"ironmental problems

homeless& li"ing in an unsafe en"ironment $o"erty +ealth ser"ices are inade.uate or no health insurance a"ailability Arrest or imprisonmentI in"ol"ed in a la6suit or a courtI "ictims of crime natural disasters or man9made disastersI counselorI hostilitiesI doctors

The problems abo"e are relating ones progresses that 6ill impacts of their life* Some e#perts 6ho deal 6ith mental symptoms or psychiatrics argued that the problems abo"e endanger on human health* Someone 6ho gain one problems abo"e 6ill be beha"e abnormally due to a mental attac% from their en"ironment* Abnormal beha"ior affects almost e"eryone in different 6ays* Abnormal beha"ior patterns that include psychological dysfunction or beha"ioral disorders are classified by mental health e#perts as a psychological disorder or mental disorder*

Mental disorders can be cured 6ith treatments such as ta%ing medication 9 drugs& yoga or impro"e the spiritual& 6riting in the diary for the lo6er stimulation& and others* It can be 6ithout help from psychiatric and for impro"ing spiritual must ha"e a teacher for guiding us be a see%er*

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

In this chapter the researcher gi"es de"elopment of the thesis* The researcher uses the descripti"e .ualitati"e research design as the method* The chapter 6ill discuss 6hich related research designI approachI the ob/ecti"e of studyI data collectionI and data analysis* Conse.uently& the researcher e#plains their area of the chapter three not only on the outer surface but also 6hat is more important the essence of it such as gi"e flo6chart or conceptual frame6or% to ma%e easily and more complete describing of the thesis*

!.#. Rese(%7h Desi2/ This study used descripti"e .ualitati"e research design* 0escripti"e .ualitati"e research studies are designed =to obtain information concerning 6ith the current status of phenomena* They are directed to6ard determining the nature of a situation as it e#ists at the time of the study>EAry& 0onald& )BA@ < 'B?F* The researcher of this thesis

tries to analyze this study descripti"ely that emphasized on the suffering of the main characters suffering in Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love. In short& this thesis is grouped of causal net6or% in the analysis problem* -elating of the problem 6ith t6o e"ents& it is often hard to call one a =cause> and the other an =effect* The "ariables control each other in a loop* It starts to analytic se.uence 6ith a cause that triggers suseg.ent e"ents& but they come bac% and modify the original =cause> to identify* According in !yoman E'((B3 5AF the most characteristics of .ualitati"e method as follo6sI gi"ing primary attention on meanings and messages& according the nature of ob/ect& namely as cultural studyI more priority to the process compared 6ith the result of research so that meaning is al6ays changingI there is no distance bet6een sub/ect researcher 6ith the research ob/ect& the sub/ect research is the instrument& resulting in a direct interaction bet6een themI and so on* The researcher also used certain techni.ue to get the data that is library research* It 6as used to get the information about the problem that has correlation 6ith this study in the form of boo%s& encyclopedia and dictionary*

!.

D(*( S&3%7e In appreciating Elizabeth ilberts no"el& =Eat $ray ;o"e> the researcher of the

thesis used the data source* It 6ill ma%e easily for the readers and other researchers to find out 6hate"er the research did to research this study* Source data in the literature is the 6or%& 6ords& sentences and discourse* E$ro*0r* !yoman3 5CF

!.!

A$$%&(7h According to Abrams E)BA)F& a literary approach consists of four di"isionsI they

are mimetic& pragmatic& e#pressi"e and ob/ecti"e approach*

!.!.#

O9?e7*i'e A$$%&(7h This approach tries to study literature 6or% itself& 6ithout relating to the

authors life& bac%ground of society or bac%ground of the 6or%*

!.!.

Mi0e*i7 A$$%&(7h This approach "ie6s the literary 6or% as an imitation or reflection of the

6orld and human life* From this classic theory comes the "ie6 that a 6or% of literary in some 6ays imitates the 6or% of ci"ilization in 6hich it 6as produced*

!.!.!

P%(20(*i7 A$$%&(7h This approach "ie6s the 6or% as something 6hich is constructed in order

to achie"e a certain effect on the audience Ethe effect such as arouse their emotion& perhaps argues for ideas that charge mindsF and it tends to /udge the "alue of the 6or% according to its success in achie"ing that aim*

!.!.4

E@$%essi'e A$$%&(7h This approach treats a literary 6or% primarily in relation to the author&

the e#pression of the authors feeling and emotion& or as the product of authors imagination operating on his or her perceptions

The researcher chosen ob/ecti"e approach to described and de"eloped the thesis* It made easily of the thesis and also the researcher more focused to the thesis* The researcher 6ould research by ob/ecti"e approach* The researcher of this thesis studied about no"el itself 6as 6ithout relating to the authors life& bac%ground of society or bac%ground to the 6or%ed and focused on analysis suffering of the main character only*

!.4

The O9?e7* &6 *he S*31y The ob/ect of the study in this thesis 6as in the no"el =Eat $ray ;o"e> 6ritten

by Elizabeth ilbert* The discussing this thesis 6as focused on the main characters suffering* 2ased on the research design the researcher used descripti"e .ualitati"e research design* In other side& the ob/ect of the .ualitati"e of literature is in the data source of literature* The data source of literature is the 6or%s& 6ords& sentences& and discourse* The researcher of this study also researches by using physics or social science* It is about ideographic paradigm and the ob/ect is theme& plot& aspect of aesthetics& discourse& and so on& still considered to be concrete* According in !yoman E'((5 I 4BF there are t6o %inds research& they are field research and library research* The researcher used library research enerally spea%ing the library research researches especially as te#t* !.5 D(*( C&))e7*i&/ The data of this study 6ere 6ords& sentences& and discourses of the no"el that deal 6ith suffering* The data ha"e been selected of this study are as follo6s3 )* -eading and understand the KEat $ray ;o"e no"el& 6ritten by Elizabeth ilbert*

'* ,nderstanding the theme and characters& and focusing on ;izs suffering in Elizabeth ilberts KEat $ray ;o"e> no"el 4* Choosing data dealing 6ith the problem 6hich is going to be in"estigated* 5* Selecting data dealing 6ith the purpose of this study on the no"el* ?* Conducting to e#amine to6ards paragraph or dialogues in the no"el

!.6

C(3s() Ne*A&%; This thesis form is relating 6ith causal net6or%& 6hen it display of the suffering

as problem* The field of causal net6or% is analysis problem* This thesis analyze the problems of Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love. According to Miles and +uberman in Pualitati"e data analysis E)?)F about analysis problem is field research is a process of progressi"e focusing and funneling* As data are collected& 6e can see& more and more clearly& factors that bring those apparent flotsam and /etsam of local e"ents into a meaningful pattern* In their boo% Pualitati"e 0ata Analysis E)?'F in"ol"e an e#pert named 7eic% E)BCBF& in his outlines another problem* 7hen you ha"e t6o related e"ents& it is often hard to call one a =cause> and the other an =effect*> The "ariables control each other in a loop* You can start you analytic se.uence 6ith a cause that triggers subse.uent e"ents& but they come bac% and modify the original =cause> you had identified*

!.B. D(*( A/()ysis The research of the data analysis ga"e flo6chart or conceptual frame6or% to ma%e easily corrected the data of the thesis* The conceptual frame6or% 6as in the thesis used Miles and +uberman E)BB'3'F based on their boo% as the .ualitati"e data second edition* Interpretation of the $redicting to process Analyzing data to organize 0(;e Conclusion

The ob/ect data selecting data as te#t accordance 6ith the goal conclusion 0ata Collections 0ata -eduction 0ata 0isplay

To analyze the data& the follo6ing steps 6ere li%ed a flo6chart abo"e3* )* -e"ie6ing the data that ha"e been collected*

'* $redicting the data dealing 6ith the purpose of the study* 4* Analyzing the data that based on the characteristic that refers to main characters suffering in Eat& $ray& ;o"e by Elizabeth ilbert* 5* Ma%ing useful conclusion& implication& and suggestion for the ne#t decision* The researcher analyze the data based on the steps abo"e before the researcher collect the data& the researcher interpreted the data and noted for collecting data 6ould be researched* Then the data 6ould predicted into some categories and differentiate data 6hich not related the purpose of the thesis 6ould be remo"ed* The data ha"e been collected based on the researcher researched a boo% or no"el* !o"el 6hich been researched by the researcher is eat, pray, love by Elizabeth ilbert* The analyzing of the data focused of the causes and the impacts of main characters suffering by Elizabeth

ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* The data comprised te#t because human acti"ity 6as seen as =te#t> as collection of symbols e#pressing layers for meaning* The researcher had to be deep understanding& con"iction& and conceptual orientation of o6n research* Then the research made conclusion& implication& and suggestion for the ne#t decision*

CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter& the 6riter of this thesis 6ants to ans6er the problems stated in the statement of problems* They areI 6hat main characters suffering are& the causes and the impacts of main characters suffering are& and ho6 to o"ercome from main characters suffering are* In ans6ering the problem& the researcher not only sho6s the proofs as his findings relates to his study through the 6ords& sentences& and discourse 6hich e#ist on the story especially on the no"el& but also try to gi"e some e#planation

4.#. The M(i/ Ch(%(7*e%s S366e%i/2 In Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love the main character faced some problems that made her life suffer* Main characters suffering 6as caused some problems related main characters life* 8f course& the problems destroy the main

characters life and they do not ma%e uncomfortable of her feeling until the main character felt shame& fear& confusion& and grief* The feeling such shame& fear& confusion& and grief and so on& they are feeling uncomfortable of human being* The suffering itself is feeling not good& and for describing the suffering /ust on someones felt that is good or not* !othing description of forms of suffering& it is only e#pression of human life through sad and happy* The causes are bac%ground 6hich underlie of the suffering* And for %no6 that someones suffering it 6as seen from the impacts* The researcher /ust displayed the main characters suffering passed on the some confession and supporting paragraph in Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* This no"el gi"es some prior problems impacted of the main characters life* The phenomena of problems that ma%e of the main characters suffering& there are3 a failed marriage and de"astating& interminable di"orce& follo6ed immediately by a passionate lo"e affair that ended in sic%ening heartbrea%* An author also gi"es unfa"orable personality of the main character 6ho is lac% about spiritual of the main characters life* It is 6e most sincere& 6e ha"e interpreted of the phenomena abo"e based on the no"el* It is true that the main character suffered about the prior problem abo"e destroyed the main characters life* 7e 6ill sho6 some phenomena abo"e based of the no"el 6as formed a te#t* As a follo6ed = I am a professional American 6oman in my mid < thirties& 6ho has /ust come through a failed marriage and a de"astating& interminable di"orce& follo6ed immediately by a passionate lo"e affair that ended in sic%ening heartbrea%*> ET < $3 ) < )F An author adds bad e#ample that ha"e done of the main character 6hen the main character gi"e up of her life until the main character bra%e out and left her belongings* And it 6ill gi"e special of this no"el* Then& 6e discuss all of e"ents and actions of the story or phenomena that 6ill gi"e us some message about the main characters suffering* As follo63

4.#.#. Bei/2 ( F(i)e1 M(%%i(2e The main character e#perienced serious problem that it 6ould destroy the main characters life until the main character 6ould be in celibacy of the year tomorro6 after did a failed marriage* It 6as made the main characters suffered of her life* The phenomena 6ere bac%ground related some causes* There 6ere physical reasons and the mental reasons that 6ere e#perienced of the main character* 2efore 6e sho6ed some e"idence of causes the main characters suffering* 7e 6ould gi"e some e"idence of the main character that 6as suffered of her marriage* It came as a setting and action of the main character in bello63 >I 6as hiding in the bathroom for something li%e the forty9se"enth consecuti"e night& and < /ust as during all those night before < I 6as sobbing* Sobbing so hard& in fact& that a great la%e of tears and snot 6as spreading before me on the bathroom tiles& a "eritable ;a%e Inferior Eif you 6illF of all my shame and fear and confusion and grief*> ET < $3 ' < 'F Follo6ed immediately 6ith some confession of the main character in bello63 =I dont 6ant to be married anymore*> ET < $3 ' < 4F It 6as e"idence of the main character that did not 6ant to be in married* In other 6ords& the main character 6anted to rid of her belongings and bro%e out of her life before* The main character felt suffered and could not stand 6ith her marriage* 2y action and follo6ed her confession& it ha"e pro"ed her suffering of her marriage* The main character indirectly told that has been a failed marriage* All the bottom strangeness& 6e could describe about her suffering of the phenomenon 6as in a failed marriage* 7e 6ould gi"e a confession of the main characters suffering of this phenomenon* =I had acti"ely participated in e"ery moment of the creation of this life < so 6hy did I feel so o"er6helmed 6ith duty& tired of being the primary bread6inner and the house%eeper and the social coordinator and the dog < 6al%er and the 6ife and the soon9to9be mother& andQsome6here in my stolen momentsQa 6riter1J>ET < $3 ' < )(F

And after this& the same confession abo"e re follo6 in bello63 =I dont 6ant to be married> ET < $3 ' < ))F The main character felt under pressure about her marriage and it felt suffered* !ot only that but also the main character uncomfortable and felt about her marriage ha"e been bro%en* The main character also has fought 6ith her husband in bello63 =7ed been fighting and crying& and 6e 6ere 6eary in that 6ay that only a couple 6hose marriage is collapsing can be 6eary* 7e had the eyes of refuges*> ET < $3 ' < )'F The main character 6as "ery suffered of her marriage* Conse.uently& the main character could not stand 6ith her marriage and she 6ould rid all of her belongings* The main character felt that if I rid all of this& it 6as o"er* 4.#. . I/*e%0i/(9)e Di'&%7e After the main character rid all of her belongings and bro%e out from her husband& the problem 6as not o"er* The phenomenon that the main character has to be faced and made her suffered 6as interminable di"orce* This phenomenon 6as really made her suffered because the main character though after the main character bro%e out of her husband& she got be released* The fact& after the main character left all of her belongings* The main character faced a problem 6as interminable di"orce* =Months passed* My life hung in limbo as I 6aited to be released& 6aited to see 6hat the terms 6ould be* 7e 6ere li"ing separately E6e ha"e mo"ed into our Manhattan apartmentF& but nothing 6as resol"ed> ET < $3 ? < 5F The confession abo"e stated that the main character did not felt e#citement after the main character left her husband* 2ut she felt suffered because her husband did not 6ant her to let go easily* It made the main character 6aited to be released* =That di"orceQlong after Id 6al%ed out of my marriageQ6as still not happening* ET < $3 B < ?F

After a year and a half the main character left& her husband 6ould discuss about di"orce* =The spring of '(4 brought things to a boiling point* A year and a half after Id left& my husband 6as finally ready to discuss terms of a settlement* ET < $3 B < CF A year after a half& it 6as too long about di"orce and also %ept her to be released* !ot only 6ould that about the suffering of the main character but also 6hat prior important of her life be ta%en from her* =+e 6anted cash and the lease on the Manhattan apartmentQe"erything 6ould Id been offering the 6hole 6hile* 2ut he 6as also as%ing for things Id ne"er e"en considered Ea sta%e in the royalties of boo%s Id 6ritten during the marriage& a cut of possible future mo"ie right to my 6or%& a share of my retirement accounts& etc*F and here I had to "oice my protest at last*> ET < $3 B < CF It made the main character felt suffer that 6hat of her belongings 6ould be ta%en 6ith e# her husband* The main character did not 6anted her di"orce on the court because the main character has paid a la6yer and 6aiting a year on the court* The statement bello6 =A trial 6ould almost certainly mean that e"ery remaining dime 6ould be lost in legal fees* 7orst of all& a trial 6ould mean another yearQat leastQof all this mess*> ET < $3 B < AF The e"ent 6as occurred of the main character more complicated and made her suffered for released* The e#pression of the main character bello6 =The ner"ousness I felt during this time 6as something bet6een 6aiting to be called into the principals office and anticipating the results of a biopsy* Id lo"e to report that I stayed calm and Ren& but I didnt* Se"eral nights& in 6a"es of anger& I beat the life out of my couch 6ith a softball bat* Most of the time I 6as /ust achingly depressed*> ET < $3 B < BF And e"erything 6as o"er of main characters mind* =8ur relationship no6 thoroughly ruined& 6ith e"en ci"ility destroyed bet6een us& all I 6anted anymore 6as the door*> ET < $3 B < CF

Conse.uently& the main character really 6anted to go of her life before* E"erything 6ould be done to rid although the main character 6ould be lost of hers* =I ha"e .uit my /ob& paid off my di"orce settlement and legal bills& gi"en up my house& gi"en up my apartment& put 6hat belongings I had left into storage in my sisters place and pac%ed up t6o suitcases*> ET < $3 )( < 'F The statement abo"e occurred 6hen the main character ha"e done after her husband signed* And then& the e"ent of the main character 6ould not forget about it indirectly* The main character still follo6ed her guilt* It 6as supported in the paragraph bello63 =I say this because Im still 6or%ing out of that accusation& 6hich 6as le"eled against me many times by my husband as our marriage 6as collapsingQ selfishness*> ET < $3 4( < 4F The e"ent after the main character left her husband* It can be found in the paragraph bello63 =Imagine his surprise to disco"er that the happiest& most confident 6oman hed e"er met 6as actuallyQ6hen you got her aloneQa mur%y hole of bottomless grief*> ET < $3 ? < )4F 4.#.!. P(ssi&/(*e L&'e A66(i% *h(* E/1e1 i/ Si7;e/i/2 He(%*9%e(; The main character 6as lost in her lo"e affair after the main character left her husband* Sincerely the main character left her husband and for filled her heart& she fell in lo"e 6ith 0a"id* 0a"id 6as e#istence of this story became supporting character* 2ut it 6as supported of this story because the main character has felt in lo"e 6ith him after she left her husband* It can be found in the paragraph bello63 =I mo"ed right in 6ith 0a"id after I left my husband* =ET < $3 ? < CF Mo"ing 6ith 0a"id made her more suffer* 0a"id did not ma%e the main character be released of her suffering but he added hurt till impacted of the story* The e#pression can be found in the paragraph bello63 =All the complications and traumas of those ugly di"orce years 6ere multiplied by the drama of 0a"idQthe guy I feel in lo"e 6ith as I 6as ta%ing lea"e of my marriage*> ET < $3 ? < @F

And the confession of the main character that 0a"id 6as a man that e#pected of the main character till the main character inflicted upon him my e"ery hope for her sal"ation and happiness* And confessions of the main character that 0a"id also as escaping from her marriage* It can be found in the paragraph bello63 =I clung to 0a"id for escape from marriage as If he 6ere the last helicopter pulling out of Saigon* I inflicted upon him my e"ery hope for my sal"ation and happiness* And& yes& I did lo"e him*> ET < $3 ? < @F The main character e"er told to her mother about her relationship 6ith 0a"id* 2ut the relationship made her turn smash or suffered* The main character 6ould her relationship li%ed her hoping* The con"ersation 6ith her mother 6as happened supported paragraph bello63 =I told her ho6 much I lo"ed 0a"id& but ho6 lonely and heartsic% it made me to be 6ith his person 6ho 6as al6ays disappearing from the room& from the bed& from the planet*> ET < $3 'A < CF About the relationship both the main character and 0a"id 6ere lo"e each other* 2ut it 6as suffered* The .uotation can be found in the paragraph bello63 =Its /ust that 6e couldnt figure out ho6 to stop ma%ing each other desperately& shrie%ing& soul9punishingly miserable*>ET < $3 'A < )F The fact the main character felt hea"y to lea"e 0a"id because the main character "ery lo"ed 6ith him* +o6e"er& the main character had to rid her belongings implied 0a"id to find out herself and do her mission passed her /ourney to three countries* In India& the main character remembered about her memories 6ith 0a"id* It could be found a fore shado6 in the paragraph bello63 =Y8, +ANE !8 I0EA +87 ST-8! MY ;8NE ISSSSSSS> ET < $3 ?( < )(F About the main characters suffering al6ays some causes 6hich 6ere bac%ground her suffering* It could come from mental reason and physical reason*

2oth of them are beginning of her suffering* 8f the phenomena abo"e 6as found some caused that made main character suffered* 4. .# The C(3ses &6 *he M(i/ Ch(%(7*e%s S366e%i/2 The research 6ill e#plain about the phenomena as the causes of the main characters suffering* There are three prior phenomena such as3 a failed marriage& interminable di"orce& and a passionate lo"e affair that ended in sic%ening heartbrea%* 4. .#.# A F(i)e1 M(%%i(2e The phenomenon of a failed marriage suspected some caused that 6as beginning* The main character suffered about her a failed marriage and it consisted from some causes 6as beginning the phenomenon* Firstly& physical reason 6here the main character of the story 6as difficult to ha"e children* Actually& this family 6as al6ays e#pecting the arri"al of a ne6 family of children* It could be found in paragraph bello63 =In fact& 6ed been trying to get pregnant for a fe6 months already* 2ut nothing had happened*> ET < $3 ' < AF The paragraph abo"e 6as the confession of the main character that the main character has effort to ha"e children& but nothing happened in her life* It made the main character suffered* 2ecause of it& the main character got an#iety disorder until psychosomatic pregnant* It included in the physic reason because it 6as relation on her body* The main character 6as also being bread6inner on her family* And the main character thought that 6as not /ustice of her if the main character had to be responsible about all of her life* Conse.uently& the main character has though that the main character did not 6ant to ha"e children after the main character effort to ha"e children* The main character turned her thought to release from her an#iety about it*

After that& the main character also got some mental reason from her husband such as called her =a mad 6oman> and =selfish>* The main character 6as accused from her husband as% selfish and called a mad 6oman because her 6as be in abnormal beha"ior* =+ed already been 6atching me fall apart for months no6& 6atching me beha"e li%e a mad6oman> =I say this because Im still 6or%ing out that accusation& 6hich 6as le"eled against me many times by my husband as our marriage 6as collapsingQ selfishness*> ET < $I 4( < 4F The underlined 6ords consisted of the sentences abo"e ha"e made the main character suffered* It 6as sarcastic moc%ery 6as done by her husband* The fact the main character has resembled of her marriage and some moc%ery should not come to her life& much less from her husband* +er husband also accused main character to care 6ith herself* It came from the .uotation abo"e and there 6as underlined 6ord as =selfishness>* It meant that the main character ne"er cared 6ith her husband and about her marriage* The fact& the main character did not li%e that based on the Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* The main character /ust a professional American 6oman& a 6ife& a bread6inner& and care of household chores* +er husband should not accuse and moc% her* 4. .#. I/*e%0i/(9)e Di'&%7e The phenomenon of interminable di"orce could become a cause of the main characters suffering* The researcher discussed this phenomenon also as one of cause of the main characters suffering of the story* It has made the main character felt suffered& and the bac%ground of the cause came from the mental reason from her

husband that her husband 6ould not release hers easily* It could be found in the .uotation bello63 =At the bottom of that strangeness 6as the abysmal fact that 6e 6ere both doing something the other person 6ould ne"er ha"e concei"ed possible3 he ne"er dreamed I 6ould actually lea"e him& and I ne"er in my 6ildest imagination though he 6ould ma%e it so difficult for me to go*> ET < $3 ' < 'F The .uotation abo"e 6as ma%e the main character suffered because her husband hung in limbo about her status* 8b"ious the e"ent& the main character 6anted to di"orce from him* The main character also 6anted rid all of her life beforeI such as her marriage* The main character has effort to persuade her husband to be release* 2ut her idea al6ays failed* The main character has tal%ed fran%ly about her marriage that 6as collapsing and both of them bet6een the main character and her husband had the eyes of refuges* So& the main charter 6anted o"er of her marriage but based on the no"el her husband made her difficult to go although the main character tal%ed to him fran%ly about their marriage* It could be found in paragraph bello63 =7e had dinner in a restaurant* I tried to tal% about our separation& but all 6e did 6as fight*> ET < $3 ? < )(F The paragraph abo"e sho6n the main character has tal%ed 6ith her husband& but the meeting has failed in fighting* +er husband also said some fault9mouth till made the main character more suffered* The underline 6ords abo"e ha"e pro"ed that her idea to persuade her 6as ended in tremendous fight and some moc%ery as traitor and /er% 6as thro6n by her husband* !ot /ust 6ait and difficult to get a di"orce but also her husband 6ould ha"e all of her belongings* It could be found in the .uotation bello63 =A year and a half after Id left& my husband 6as finally ready to discuss terms of a settlement* Yes& he 6anted cash and the house and the lease on the Manhattan apartmentQe"erything Id been offering the 6hole 6hile* 2ut he 6as also as%ing for things Id ne"er e"en considered Ea sta%e in the royalties of boo%s Id 6ritten during the marriage& a cut of possible future mo"ie rights to my 6or%& a share of my retirement accounts& etcF*>ET < $3 B < AF

+er husband 6anted to get royalties of her* It made the main character suffered until the main character did not %no6 to safe her* For all them included of interminable di"orce related 6ith mental reason that caused from her husband such asI the main character ha"e 6aited a long time to release her marriage and made the main character hung in limboI the main character ha"e to pay e#pensi"e to be released that means the main character ha"e rid all of her belongings* The research combined the causes bet6een prior and the bac%ground behind the cause or before the cause be summarized into prior* 4. .#.!. A P(ssi&/(*e L&'e A66(i% *h(* E/1e1 i/ Si7;e/i/2 He(%*9%e(; After the main character 6as faced interminable di"orce& then the main character faced the phenomenon that made her suffered* The phenomenon 6as a passionate lo"e affair that ended in sic%ening heartbrea% that 6as a cause of her suffering* It could be found in the paragraph bello63 =0a"ids sudden emotional bac%9stepping probably 6ould"e been a catastrophe for me e"en under the best of circumstances& gi"en that I am the planets most affectionate life form Esomething li%e a cross bet6een a golden retrie"er and barnacleF& but this 6as my "ery 6orst of circumstances*> ET < $3 ? < )4F The causes about 0a"id 6ithdra6al of the main character 6hen he found her in a mur%y hole bottomless grief* It supported by paragraph bello63 =Imagine his surprise to disco"er that the happiest& most confident 6oman hed e"er met 6as actuallyQ6hen you got her aloneQa mur%y hole of bottomless grief* 8nce again& I could not stop crying* This is 6hen he started to retreat& and thats 6hen I sa6 the other side of my passionate romantic heroQthe 0a"id 6ho 6as solitary as a casta6ay& cool to the touch& in need of more personal space than a herd of American bison*> ET < $3 ? < )'F All of ob"ious phenomena abo"e 6ere prior problems of the main character* In other 6ord& it 6as the causes of her suffering* 2ut& before 6e described the result of the causes that 6as beginning of her suffering related the phenomena* 7e states that

are some causes the beginning the phenomena* And the researcher has gi"e description from some causes that also related 6ith the phenomena until impacted the main characters life* There are principal suffering is found and had to be related for supporting the description of the phenomena* The last& the researcher gi"e e"idences that the phenomena abo"e 6as the prior problems as causes of the main characters suffering* It could be found in the paragraph bello63 =0uring the last of fe6 years of my life& there 6as no .uestions that I 6as in gra"e trouble 6as not lifting .uic%ly* As my marriage dissol"ed and my drama 6ith 0a"id e"ol"ed& Id come to ha"e all the symptoms of a ma/or depressionQ loss of sleep& appetite and libido& uncontrollable 6eeping& chronic bac%aches and stomachaches& alienation& and despair& trouble concentrating on 6or%> ET < $3 )C < 'F =Those had been the toughest months& anyho6Qthe last months of the di"orce& the last ragged months 6ith 0a"id*> ET < $3 )C < )'F 4. . . The I0$(7*s &6 *he M(i/ Ch(%(7*e%s S366e%i/2 The main character got some impacted from her suffering* 2efore the researcher find some impacts from her suffering& such asI the main character came to ha"e all the symptoms of a ma/or depression consisted of loss sleep& appetite and libido& and uncontrollable 6eepingI psychosomaticsI schizophreniaI and be dependency drugs* For the impacts of the main characters suffering the researcher uses a passage to describe one by one of the impacts through the main character* The main characters suffering through some impact* The researcher 6ill discusses them one by one as follo63

4. . .#. The Sy0$*&0s &6 A 0(?&% De$%essi&/ S366e%e1 The researcher used a passage to described this because it impacted of the main characters life* 0epression is specification from mental disorder includes emotional distress* It is appeared because some caused that ma%e someone suffered* It usually

comes from her en"ironment and psychosocial problems* The researcher has described about it* Then it includes into category is primary problem 6ith support groups* The cases are marital disruption in the form of separation& di"orce& and estrangement* In fact& the main character has faced it in her life until made her suffered and impacted of her life* After the main character e#perienced estrangement 6ith her husband until di"orce to o"er her relation& the main character got ma/or depressed* The researcher 6ill e#plain detailed about the ma/or depression until the main character did abnormal beha"ior* 2efore 6e 6ill pro"e on the no"el& 6e ha"e to %no6n about the ma/or depression* 0iagnosis of ma/or depressi"e disorder is based on the emergence of one or more ma/or depressi"e episodes 6ithout a history of manic episodes or hypomanic* In the episode of ma/or depression& the person has one of the depressed as mood& feeling sad or hopeless* According Gefrey S* !e"id& Spencer A* -athus& and 2e"erly reene E'((43'4(F on their tab about the characteristics 6hich person gets depressed3

Characterizations of The cases personal Change in emotional state Changes in mood Econtinuous period of feeling 6orse& depressed& sad& or gloomyF* Full of tears and crying Increased irritability EirritabilityF& an#iety or losing patience

Change in moti"ation performance

0ecreased interest in se#

Change in function and motor beha"ior Cogniti"e change

Changes in sleeping habits such as insomnia Changes in appetite Changes in fallo6 such as reduced body 6eight !egati"e thin%ing about oneself* Feelings of guilt or regret about past mista%es

!o6 6e 6ill find the correlation of the cases 6ith the main character based on Elizbeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* It 6ill be pro"ed that the main character ha"e ma/or depressed as impacts of her suffering* At change emotional that are some cases li%edI changes in mood Econtinuous period of feeling 6orse& depressed& sad& or gloomyFI full of tears and cryingI increased irritability EirritabilityF& an#iety or losing patience* It 6as supported in paragraphs bello6I =They come upon me all silent and menacing li%e $in%erton 0etecti"es& and the flan% meQ0epression on my left& ;oneliness on my right*ET < $3 )@ < 'F They in paragraph abo"e that meant depression and loneliness* =I 6as sobbing* Sobbing so hard& in fact& that a great la%e of tears and snot 6as spreading before me on the bathroom tiles& a "eritable ;a%e Inferior Eif your 6illF of all my shame and fear and confusion and grief* ET < $3 ' < 'F =Im not tal%ing because Im on a friggin spiritual /ourney& you nasty li%e pun% Qno6 go A7AYS> ET < $3 )(C < )(F The e"ent of the sentences 6as underlined occurred 6hen the main character 6ent to 2ali four years ago& before she bac%ed to 2ali for reco"ering her* At change moti"ation in performance comprisedI decrease interest in se#*

=Some spacey !e6 Age massage therapist told me I should 6ear orange9colored panties& to rebalance my se#ual cha%ras& and& brotherQI actually did it At change function and motor beha"ior comprised changes in sleeping habits such as insomnia& changes in appetite& changes in fallo6 such as reduced body 6eight =Puic%ly& in less than a 6ee%& I could feel an e#tra inch of daylight opening in my mind* Also& I could finally sleep* And this 6as the real gift& because 6hen you cannot sleep& you cannot get yourself out of the ditchQtheres not a chance* The pill ga"e me those recuperati"e night hours bac% and also stopped my hands from sha%ing and released the "ise grip around my chest and the panic alert button from inside my heart*> ET < $3 )@ < ))F =I came to Italy pinched and thin> ET < $3 4@ < )?F At cogniti"e change comprisedI negati"e thin%ing about oneself and feeling of guilt or regret about past mista%es* =$urely as a matter of principle I 6ouldnt inflict my sorry& busted9up old self on the li"ely& unsullied io"anni*> ET < $3 ) < 'F =My guilt at ha"ing left him forbade me from thin%ing I should be allo6ed to %eep e"en a dime of the money Id made in the last decade*> ET < $3 ? < 4F For the resume all of this the main character confessed that she got ma/or depressed because her suffering* It 6as supported in paragraph bello6I =Id come to ha"e all the symptoms of a ma/or depressionQloss of sleep& appetite and libido& uncontrollable 6eeping& chronic bac%aches and stomachaches& alienation& and despair& trouble concentrating on 6or%> ET < $3 )C < 'F Conse.uently& the main character realized about her condition that the main character got ma/or depression from her suffering* It 6as impacted of her life* 4. . . Psy7h&s&0(*i7 S366e%e1 The main character demand psychosomatic after the main character suffered a physical disorder of her that 6as difficult to ha"e children* 2efore 6e discuss and pro"e of the main character get psychosomatic* 7e are going to e#plain about psychosomatic itself* In http3DDdictionary*reference*comDbro6seDpsychosomatic

psychosomatic is used of illness or symptoms resulting form neuron* It is begun relating disorder& such as stomachs& thought to be caused on aggra"ated by psychological factors such as stress* $sychosomatic itself comprises some %inds& such asI psychosomatic disorder& psychosomatic pregnantI psychosomatic socialI and so on* 2ac% to the case of the main character in the no"el& the research find psychosomatic of the main character is %inds of psychosomatic disorder as the impact of her suffering* The main character 6as an#iety about her condition* 7e ha"e discussed her condition that difficult to ha"e children on the passage causes of the main character because the main character faced the cause the main character got an#iety of her life until got psychosomatic* It 6as supported by paragraph bello63 =This 6as supposed to be the year* In fact& 6ed been trying to get pregnant for a fe6 months already* 2ut nothing happened Easide from the fact thatQin an almost sarcastic moc%ery of pregnancyQI 6as e#periencing psychosomatic morning sic%ness& ner"ously thro6ing up my brea%fast e"ery dayF*> ET < $I ' < CF The paragraph abo"e e#plained the truth for the main character life* The main character got psychosomatic disorder because of her condition 6as difficult to ha"e children* Allegedly the cause of the main character 6as difficult to ha"e children because her got stress about her marriage* If 6e too% some references of psychological boo% e#actly on the chapter described stress and disease& 6e could found it* The researcher /ust found of the no"el that the main character difficult to ha"e children until she ha"e been psychosomatic specifically psychosomatic pregnant 6as beginning of stress* 4. . .!. S7hi:& S366e%e1 The main character got schizo properly schizophrenia as impact of her from suffering along life lately* Schizophrenia almost seems depressed* In other that& the

researcher 6ill discuss deeply about schizophrenia* It is different 6ith depressed* Schizophrenia is imagined disease* In a6ay& an imagination is not truth* It is only on someone imagined& though that ma%e no sense and chaotic* This disease li%es tal%ed pass con"ersation 6ith herself& tal%ed 6ith her diary& and the li%e* The strangeness of her acti"ity confessed* It could be found in the paragraph bello63 =I"e decided to let myself off the hoo% from 6orrying that con"ersing 6ith myself on paper means Im a schizo*> ET < $I )A < @F The paragraph abo"e as the confession 6as from the main character that she realized about her condition* The researcher 6ill help to the reader to con"ey the e"ents occurred of the main character at this moment* Firstly& the main character tal% 6ith herself 6as found 6hile the main character engrossed 6ith her husband* It made her suffering until her suffering impact to her life* It 6as found in paragraph bello63 ! don"t #ant to $e married anymore. I 6as trying so hard not to %no6 this& but the truth %ept insisting itself to me* ! don"t #ant to $e married anymore. ! don"t #ant to live in this $ig house. ! don"t #ant to have a $a$y* ET < $3 ' < 'F The situation of the paragraph abo"e 6as in the bathroom 6hile her husband 6as sleeping in our bed& then she 6ent to the bathroom to calm herself* 2ut she 6as sad& till sobbing* For a 6hile& she heard some persuade of her minds* Then in other case& she tal%ed 6ith od* In fact& it 6as /ust her imagined* =7hat I said to od through my gasping sobs 6as something li%e this3 =+ello& od* +o6 are youJ Im ;iz* Its nice to meet you> ET < $3 5 < 'F =Thats rightQI 6as spea%ing to the creator for the uni"erse as though 6ed /ust been introduced at a coc%tail party* ET < $3 5 < 4F Its so funny 6hen the main character felt tal%ing 6ith od* 8b"iously of the e"ent& the main character has tal%ed 6ith her* ,nconsciously& the main character did it e"ery night until she belie"ed some suggestions came from od* It 6as supported in paragraph bello6I =Then I heard a "oice*> ET < $3 5 < AF

=The "oice said3 o bac% to bed& ;iz> ET < $3 5 < BF The .uotations abo"e that the main character tal%ed 6ith herself and heard from her conscience* After that& the researcher of this thesis 6ould gi"e different abnormal beha"ior of the main character* =So 6hat I do for tonight is reach for my most pri"ate noteboo%& 6hich I %eep ne#t to my bed in case Im e"er in emergency trouble* Im open it up* I find the first blan% page& I 6rite3 ! need your help. Then I 6ait* After a little 6hile& a response comes in my o6n hand6riting3 !"m right here. What %an ! do for you&ET < $3 )A 9)F 4. . .4. D%32 De$e/1e/7y S366e%e1 The researcher find drug dependency as the impact of the main characters suffering* The main character depend 6ith the drugs that made her be calm 6hile at the time the main character got panic& loss of sleep& ma/or depressed& and so on* The main character started consuming drugs 6hen Susan called psychiatrist to sa"e the main character occurring hurt herself* It could be found in the paragraph bello63 =I huddle in a ball 6hile Susan made the phone calls and found me a psychiatrist 6ho 6ould gi"e me a consultation that "ery day& to discuss the possibility of prescribing antidepressants* I listed to Susans one9sided con"ersation 6ith the doctor& listened to her say& =Im afraid my friend is going to seriously hurt herself*> After Susan called psychiatric& the psychiatric ga"e some drug to the main character* It 6as supporter in paragraph bello63 =+e put me on a fe6 different drugsQTana#& Roloft& 7ellbutrin& 2u SparQ until 6e found the combination that didnt ma%e me nauseated or turn my libido into a dim and distant memory*>ET < $3 The main character consumed drugs 6hile the psychiatric ga"e him some drugs for ma%ing her be normal* So& the main character consumed drugs& after that she got dependency 6ith it as the effect of drugs* The researcher 6ould research the %inds

of drugs that meant the function of each drugs 6ere consumed by main character* In Gefrey S* !e"id& Spencer A* -athus& and 2e"erly reene of their boo% e#plain drugs and the function of it* 2ased on their tab about the %inds of drug E'((4 < )'5F zoloft and 6elbutrin included the drugs for threat someone got depressed* In other 6ords& the drugs antidepressant of third categories of drugs at antidepressant Eselecti"e serotonin9reupta%e inhibitor ESS-IsF& ha"e more specific effect of brain function* The other drugs 6ere #ana# and bu spar* The %inds of drugs 6ere into an#iety drugs categories* It could threat someone got an#iety li%ed panic* After the researcher of this thesis e#plained the %inds of drugs and the function& the researcher 6ould combine to the main character in Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* -elation 6ith the main character& the main character used it for reco"ering as impacts from her suffering* Although drugs made her .uic% heal* 2ut the effects of drugs 6ere danger and destroy our brain tomorro6* 2ased on the story the main character 6as adapti"e 6ith drugs or dependency drugs* It could be found in the paragraph bello63 =Id stopped ta%ing my medication only a fe6 days earlier* It had /ust seemed crazy to be ta%ing antidepressants in Italy* +o6 could I be depressed herJ > ET < $I C < )F The underlined 6ords pro"ed that the main character 6anted to stop consuming drugs* In fact& the main character could not it* 4.!. The Res&)'i/2 &6 *he 0(i/ 7h(%(7*e%s s366e%i/2. +o6 to o"ercome of the main characters sufferingJ Thats the .uestion to gi"e resol"e of the main characters suffering based on the Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* The researcher of this thesis 6ill pro"e 6hate"er the main character does for releasing from her suffering* E"ery problem ha"e sol"ed in this life* And based on the no"el e#plained about the main character did long /ourney for gi"ing her sol"e of her

problem* The main character has chosen three countries that 6ould be "isited* There 6ere Italy& India& and Indonesia* It 6as supported in paragraph bello63 =So I stopped trying to chooseQItalyJ IndiaJ 8r IndonesiaJQand e"entually /ust admitted that I 6anted to tra"el to all of them* Four months in each place* A year in total*>ET < $3 B < 5F From the paragraph abo"e the main character has chosen and determined the time at each countries* The main character also has mission in each countries 6ould be "isited* =It 6as more that I 6anted to thoroughly e#plore on aspect of myself set again the bac%drop of each country& in a place that has traditionally done that one thing "ery 6ell* I 6ant to e#plore the art of pleasure in Italy& the art of de"otion in India and& in Indonesia the art of balancing the t6o* ET < $3 B < 5F The story 6as telling properly about her /ourney to find the pleasure for reco"ering all of her problems before* 4.!.#. I*()y For the first& the main character came to Italy* The main character has chosen Italy to reco"er her suffering* The main character supposed spea% Italy 6as an art of pleasure and day of the day in Italy& The main character /ust did spea% Italy* She also tried for it such asI she 6ould find tandem e#change& /oin Italian class in ;eonardo 0a Ninci& and more practical through tal% to tal% 6ith the societies* Actually there is one aspect of the main character 6as in Italy based of the no"el* It 6as eating* Italy has many beautiful foods to eat* All of day in Italy& the main character hunted the Italian food till the main character /ust told about this pleasure of the no"el* The researcher of the study 6ill pro"e 6hate"er the main character did in Italy* All of this& the researcher /ust found the ma/or e"ents of the main character in Italy* There 6ere spea%ing and eating* It 6as supported on the paragraph bello63

=I found that all I really 6anted 6as to eat beautiful food and to spea% as much beautiful Italian as possible* That 6as it* So I declared a double ma/or& reallyQ in spea%ing and in eating E6ith a concentration on gelatoF* ET < $3 ') < ))F =The amount of pleasure this eating and spea%ing brought to me 6as inestimable& and yet so simple*> ET < $3 ') < )'F All of pleasure in Italy 6ere spea%ing and eating* It ga"e the main character be finding than before* The main character gained pleasure that meant the main character could ma%e her reco"ered from her suffering* The messages of the e"ents 6ere do it the pleasure by yours* Conse.uently& the main character felt be fin than before* It 6as supported in paragraph bello63 =I came to Italy pinched and thin& I did not %no6 yet 6hat I deser"ed* I still maybe dont fully %no6 6hat I deser"e* 2ut I do %no6 that I ha"e collected myself of lateQthrough the en/oyment of harmless pleasuresQinto somebody much more intact* The easiest& most fundamentally human 6ay to say it is that ! have put on #eight* I e#ist more no6 than I did four months ago* I 6ill lea"e Italy noticeably bigger than 6hen I arri"ed here* And I 6ill magnification of one lifeQis indeed an act of 6orth in this 6orld* E"en if that life& /ust this one time& happens to be nobodys but my o6n* ET < $3 4@ < )5F 4.!. . I/1i( After the main character "isited Italy four months& the main character continued her /ourney to India* There is no pleasure in there* 2ut India has been special country for spiritual de"otion to find yourself& 6ho is youJ And 6hat do you 6antJ The main character "isited India for de"otion* The main character also 6anted to find od of her* It meant that the main character 6anted od healed herself from her suffering* The 6ay all of this& the main character came to Ashram* Ashram 6as a tiny little "illage in the middle of no6here in India* The main character did all of de"otion by yoga* Actually the main character has done it before in !e6Yor%* Th main character also %ne6 Yoga from 0a"id*

The researcher of this study 6ill e#plain about yoga and 6hate"er the function of Yoga* Yoga is done by meditation* According Ni"e%ananda E'((@3C'F Yoga is the 6ay be see%ers* The searching has started and ended 6ith lo"e* The techni.ue of yoga passes mediation* The meditation is trying to thin% an ob/ect& silence at the special point such as head& heart& and so on* It is highest condition for thin%ing* ;ately& Yoga has been belie"ed by psychiatrist could treat someone got depressed and stress* $sychiatrist used it for decreasing stimulation* According Gefrey S* !e"id& Spencec A* -athus& 2e"erly reene E'((43)?(F tal%ed about it* Stress causes the bodyHs responses such as e#cessi"e le"els of sympathetic stimulation laden system& 6hich if becomes persistent can damage our ability to function optimally and the possible increases ris% of diseases associated 6ith stress* $sychological Treatment has been sho6n to reduce body stimulation condition is caused by stress* In the follo6ing description& 6e present t6o psychological methods that ha"e been 6idely used to reduce the shoc%3 Meditation consists of se"eral 6ays to narro6 the a6areness to reduce the stressors of the outside 6orld* This can help sol"ing problems& 6orries& planning& and routine concerns delayed& conse.uently reduced le"els of sympathetic stimulation* 2ac% to the main character based on Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love* The main character 6anted to threat herself until she to%e a long /ourney and "isited in India* All of her /ourney in India has doe by her to threat herself pass spiritual de"otion* The 6ay of the spiritual de"otion has done by yoga and it only did in small "illage Ashram& India* It 6as supported in paragraph bello63 =Finally noticing this train of thought I 6as aghast& I thought3 Here you are in !ndia, in an 'shram in one of the holiest pilgrimage sites on earth. 'nd instead of %ommuning #ith the divine, you"re trying to plan #here you"ll $e meditating a year from no# in a home that doesn"t yet e(ist in a %ity yet to $e determined.

Ho# a$out this, you spasti% fool)ho# a$out you try to meditate right here, right no#, right #here you a%tually are& ET < $3 ?@ < 4F The main character did all of her life in India by yoga* The sentence abo"e 6as the e"idence of her that the main character had to meditation all of her life occurring in India until at the last day* At the last day& the main character still meditated at the night long until da6n day for continuing her /ourney in other country& Indonesia* It 6as supported in the .uotation bello63 =I pac% my bag and lea"e it by the temple gate& so I can be ready to grab it and go 6hen the ta#i arri"es before da6n* And then I 6al% up the hill& I go into the meditation ca"e and I sit*> ET < $3 C) 9'F All of the main character did in India could threat her impacted her mind* The main character felt .uite contentment and more fine than before* It 6as supported in .uotation bello63 =8ther times I e#perience a s6eet& .uiet contentment& and that is fine& too* The sentences still from in my mind& and thoughts still do their little shoe9off dance& but I %no6 my thought patterns so 6ell no6 that they dont bother me anymore*> ET < $3 @A < @F 4.!.! I/1&/esi( The main character "isited Indonesia for the last /ourney* In Indonesia the main character studied the art of balance bet6een 6orldly en/oyment and spiritual transcendence* The main character supposed of her mind that 2ali 6as beautiful place and if could ma%e her be released li%ed in hea"en* The main reason of the main character has "isited 2ali because of :etut* :etut 6as a medicine man* +e foretold about the main character life tomorro6 and told that the main character usually "isit in 2ali* 2ecause the e"ents& the main character has chosen 2ali and included of her /ourney list* The main character belie"ed 6ith :etut& and foretold form him 6as happen of her life such as3 a medicine man told to the main character about her finance after her di"orce3 it 6as supported in paragraph bello6U

=:etut nodded as if to say& *eah, that sounds a$out right. =2ut dont 6orry&> he said* =After you lose all your money& you 6ill get it all right bac% again> ET < $3 A < )@F The paragraph abo"e has been told by :etut at the main character "isited to 2ali t6o years ago 6hile of her suffering moment* And foretold 6as from :etut 6as happened of her life* It 6as supported in paragraph bello63 =I ha"e .uit my /ob& paid off my di"orce settlement and legal bills& gi"en up my house& gi"en up my apartment& put 6hat belongings I had left into storage in my sisters place and pac%ed up t6o suitcases* My year of tra"eling has commenced* And I can actually afford to do this because of staggering personal miracle3 in ad"ance my publisher has purchased the boo% I shall 6rite about my tra"els* It all turned out& in other 6ords& /ust as the Indonesia n medicine man had predicted* I 6ould lose all my money and it 6ould be replaced immediatelyQor at least enough of it to buy me a year of life*> ET < $3 )( < 'F !o6& the main character came again to 2ali after t6o years ago* The main character had mission in 2ali to study the art of balance* The main character studied for the first time 6ith :etut as a medicine man* :etut e#plained about the balance bet6een 6orldly en/oyment and di"ine transcendence* For a 6hile& the main character felt about her mission almost be her target* It 6as supported in paragraph bello63 =I"e been here only a fe6 6ee%s and I feel a rather mission9accomplished sensation already*> ET < $3 AC < 'F The .uotation abo"e e#plained the main character felt on her target of her /ourney in 2ali* In 2ali& the main character felt in lo"e 6ith someone* +e 6as Fellipe as a merchant from 2razil* In fact& the main character could not felt in lo"e because some reasons& such asI the main character felt 6ould hurt her ne6 dear as the negati"e thin%ingI the main character also still lo"ed 6ith 0a"id* 2ut in 2ali& e"erything has been change* Maybe foretold from :etut 6as true& that she usually "isited in 2ali* The main character told about ne6 romantic lo"e 6ith Fellipe of her no"el*

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION In the chapter fi"e& the researcher gi"es conclusion and suggestion of the thesis* They 6ill help the readers and other researchers are insight of the study to gain the message of the purpose of the thesis* The researcher has e#plained all of the purpose and 6hate"er the researcher e#plain on the paragraph before* +opefully it 6ill help others be more understand the target of the study* The e#planations of the conclusion and the suggestion 6ill be display by paragraph form*

5.#. C&/7)3si&/ In this study the researcher stresses on the main characters suffering in Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love& form the result of data analysis* The follo6ing findings are obtained3 The main character felt her life suffered because she e#perienced some phenomena that made her suffered* There 6ereI a failed marriage& interminable di"orce& follo6ed immediately by a passionate lo"e affair that ended in sic%ening heartbrea%* They became the causes of the main characters suffering* The main characters suffering has been displayed on the chapter before* The display of the main characters suffering has been sho6n by confession 6ay of the main character and supported from some paragraphs* The paragraphs only sho6ed that the main character felt suffered 6hen she faced the phenomena abo"e as the causes of her suffering*

The phenomena 6as also associated 6ith a casual and effect behind them* There 6ere mental reason and physical reason that ha"e made the main characters suffering* Although the phenomena related 6ith the beginning became causes* The phenomena abo"e 6ere prior causes that made the main character suffered* 2ecause of many causes of her life that 6as not e#citement* The main character e#perienced that 6as not felt pleasant as usual* The main character became shame& depressed& 6orried& grief& and the li%e* They 6ere made the main character became suffered of her life* 2ecause of that& the main character undergone a radical steps& and got rid all of her belongings to found out her nature set up the bac%ground of a culture that has traditionally done that one thing "ery 6ell* Moreo"er& the main character did for refreshing also therapy such as in Italy she studied the art of pleasureI In India& studied the art of de"otionI and the last studied for the art of balance bet6een en/oyment 6orldly and spiritual transcendence* In other 6ords& the /ourney of the main character had mission of each country to re"eal from her causes that ha"e made her suffered* The ending of the main characters suffering 6as that after the main character to%e her /ourney to three countriesI Italy& India& and Indonesia* She got result that she 6as different than before seemed for her beha"e& until successful to finish her boo%* Moreo"er& the main character 6as not afraid to lo"e again establish and she ha"e made relationship 6ith Felipe as her boyfriend* 5. . S322es*i&/ After analyzing Elizabeth ilberts no"el eat, pray, love& the researcher gi"e suggestions for the readers& the suggestion that can be gi"en are3 The researcher hopes that this study could be useful for the students of literature& and also the study could gi"e an e#ample for student in analyzing of a no"el*

To enlarge and to sharpen the %no6ledge of the no"el& it is suggested that the reader of this thesis& especially 6ho are interested in reading literary 6or%& can carry out further study concerning another part of eat, pray, love* Bi&2%($y &6 The A3*h&%

ilbert 6as born in 7aterbury& Connecticut* +er father 6as a chemical engineer& her mother a nurse* Along 6ith her only sister& no"elist and historian Catherine ilbert Murdoc%& ilbert gre6 up on a small family Christmas tree farm in ;itchfield& Connecticut* The family li"ed in the country 6ith no neighbors& and they didnt o6n a TN or e"en a record player* Conse.uently& they all read a great deal& and ilbert and her sister entertained themsel"es by 6riting little boo%s and plays*V4W ilbert earned a 2achelor of Arts degree in $olitical Science from !e6 Yor% ,ni"ersity in )BB)& after 6hich she 6or%ed as coo%& a 6aitress& and a magazine employee* She 6rote of her e#perience as a coo% on a dude ranch in short stories& and also briefly in her boo% +he Last 'meri%an Man ENi%ing '(('F* Es,uire published ilbertHs short story O$ilgrimsO in )BB4& under the headline& OThe 0ebut of an American 7riterO* She 6as the first unpublished short story 6riter to debut in Es,uire since !orman Mailer* This led to steady 6or% as a /ournalist for a "ariety of national magazines including& -P!.& /0& +he .e# *or1 +imes Maga2ine& 'llure& 3eal -imple& and +ravel 4 Leisure* As stated in the memoir& Eat, Pray, Love& ilbert made a career as a highly9paid freelance 6riter*

+er )BBC /0 article& OThe Muse of the Coyote ,gly SaloonO& a memoir of ilbertHs time as a bartender at the "ery first Coyote ,gly table dancing bar located in the East Nillage section of !e6 Yor% City& 6as the basis for the feature film 5oyote 6gly* She adapted her )BBA /0 article& OEustace Con6ay is !ot ;i%e Any Man YouH"e E"er MetO& into a biography of the modern naturalist& +he Last 'meri%an Man* It recei"ed a nomination for the !ational 2oo% A6ard in non9fiction* OThe hostO& a profile of +an% 7illiams III published by /0 in '(((& 6as included in 2est American Magazine 7riting '(()*

SYNOPSIS

Around the time Elizabeth ilbert turned thirty& she 6ent through an early9 onslaught midlife crisis* She had e"erything an educated& ambitious American 6oman 6as supposed to 6antQa husband& a house& a successful career* 2ut instead of feeling happy and fulfilled& she 6as consumed 6ith panic& grief& and confusion* She 6ent through a di"orce& a crushing depression& another failed lo"e& and the eradication of e"erything she e"er thought she 6as supposed to be* To reco"er from all this& ilbert too% a radical step* In order to gi"e herself the time and space to find out 6ho she really 6as and 6hat she really 6anted& she got rid of her belongings& .uit her /ob& and undertoo% a yearlong /ourney around the 6orldQall alone* Eat, Pray, Love is the absorbing chronicle of that year* +er aim 6as to "isit three places 6here she could e#amine one aspect of her o6n nature set against the bac%drop of a culture that has traditionally done that one thing "ery 6ell* In -ome& she studied the art of pleasure& learning to spea% Italian and gaining the t6enty9three happiest pounds of her life* India 6as for the art of de"otion& and 6ith the help of a nati"e guru and a surprisingly 6ise co6boy from Te#as& she embar%ed on four uninterrupted months of spiritual e#ploration* In 2ali& she studied the art of balance bet6een 6orldly en/oyment and di"ine transcendence* She became the pupil of an elderly medicine man and also fell in lo"e the best 6ayQune#pectedly* An intensely articulate and mo"ing memoir of self9disco"ery& Eat, Pray, Love is about 6hat can happen 6hen you claim responsibility for your o6n contentment and

stop trying to li"e in imitation of societys ideals* It is certain to touch anyone 6ho has e"er 6o%en up to the unrelenting need for change* BIBLIOGRAPY

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