Created by : Corrected by : Answered by : Acid Rain

Acid Rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of . Acid rain may have a pH value as low as !.". Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain la#es, for example, have lost all fish and plant life because of acid rain. Acid rain comes from sulphur in coal and oil. $hen they burn, they ma#e sulphur dioxide %&'!(. )ost &ulphur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous shulphur dioxide %&' !( and most nitrogen is also emmited as one of the nitrogen oxides % N' or N' !(, both of which are gases. *he gases may be dry deposited + absorbed directly by the land, by la#es or by the surface vegetation. ,f thet are in the atmosphere for any time, the gases will oxidise % gain an oxygen atom ( and go into solution as acids. &uphuric acid % H !&'- ( and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid % HN'.(. /he acids usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travels great distances before being precipitated as acid rain. Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, o0one and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. )ore ammonium % NH-( can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralised by airbone ammonia %NH.(. Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen % H1( ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emmited by for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce o0one. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low level o0one cause respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. $hen acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates metals and aluminium % Al (. $hen it is wasted into la#e, aluminium irritates the outer surface of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the la#e the pH of the la#e falls. 2orest suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil micro organisms.

&ource : 3oddy,achmad,d##.!44".Developing English Competencies.5a#arta:Ane#a ,lmu

6. $hat is acid rain 7 8 8

!. How is o0one produced 7 8 8

.. $hat influences the increase in acidification 7 8 8

-. $hy does acid rains give bad effect to environment 7 8 8

9. $here does acid rain formed 7 8 8 . 3oes low level o0one harm respiratory organs 7 8 8 :. 3o plants also reserve water from acid rain 7 8 8