Taller de Transformada de LaPlace

Jeffry Alejandro Giraldo Ramirez

C odigo: 808530 Docente: Oscar Alberto Rivera Asignatura: Ecuaciones Diferenciales Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales

I.

P LANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA

I-A.2.

Resoluci on de (3) por ODA: y y = sent

Resolver el siguiente sistema de ecuaciones donde x(t) = x, y (t) = y , L[x] = F (p) y L[y ] = G(p): x = y + sent (1)

Soluci on de la homog enea y y = 0 (D2 1)y = 0 m2 1 = 0 m1 = 1 m2 = 1 Yh = C1 et + C2 et

y = x + 2cost Con las siguientes condiciones iniciales: x(0) = 2 y (0) = 0 I-A.

(2)

Soluci on de la particular y y = sent El ODA de sent es [D2 + 1], por lo tanto (D2 1)y = sent (D2 +1)(D2 1)y = (D2 +1)(sent)

Resoluci on por Operadores Diferenciales Anuladores

I-A.1. Reducci on Algebraica: dejando las ecuaciones solo en t erminos de una sola variable. de [Dy = x + 2cost], x =?, x = Dy 2cost Reemplazando en [Dx = y + sent], D(Dy 2cost) = y + sent D2 y 2sent = y + sent

(D2 + 1)(D2 1)y = 0 (m2 + 1)(m2 1) = 0 m1 = i m2 = i m2 = 1 m2 = 1 Yp Acost + Bsent + C1 et + C2 et Yp = Acost + Bsent

y y = sent de [Dx = y + sent], y =?, y = Dx sent Reemplazando en [Dy = x + 2cost], D(Dx sent) = x + 2cost

(3)

Yp = Asent + Bcost Yp = Acost Bsent Reemplazando en (3), Acost Bsent Acost Bsent = sent 2Acost 2Bsent = sent cost(2A) + sent(2B 1) = 0

D2 x cost = x + 2cost

cost(2A) + sent(2B 1) = 0.cost + 0.sent (4) 2A = 0 A = 0

x x = 3cost

Tercer Examen Parcial

Ecuaciones Diferenciales

2B 1 = 0 B =

1 2

2Acost 2Bsent = 3cost

1 Yp = 0.cost + sent 2 Yp = 1 sent 2

cost(2A 3) + sent(2B ) = 0

1 y = C1 et + C2 et + sent 2 Evaluando las Condiciones Iniciales y (0) = 0, 1 0 = C1 e(0) + C2 e(0) + sen(0) 2 0 = C1 + C2 C1 = C2 1 y = C2 et + C2 et + sent 2 I-A.3. Resoluci on de (4) por ODA: x x = 3cost Soluci on de la homog enea x x = 0 (D2 1)x = 0 m2 1 = 0 m1 = 1 m2 = 1 Xh = C1 et + C2 et Soluci on de la particular x x = 3cost El ODA de 3cost es [D2 + 1], por lo tanto (5)

cost(2A 3) + sent(2B ) = 0.cost + 0.sent

2A 3 = 0 A =

3 2

2B = 0 B = 0

3 Xp = cost + 0.sent 2 3 Xp = cost 2 3 x = C1 et + C2 et cost 2 Evaluando las Condiciones Iniciales x(0) = 2, 3 2 = C1 e(0) + C2 e(0) cos(0) 2

2 = C1 + C2

3 3 7 C1 = 2 + C2 C1 = C2 2 2 2 7 3 C2 et + C2 et cost 2 2

x= (D2 1)x = 3cost (D2 + 1)(D2 1)x = (D2 + 1)(3cost)

(6)

Ahora, como se dijo que (D2 + 1)(D2 1)x = 0 (m2 + 1)(m2 1) = 0 m1 = i m2 = i m2 = 1 m2 = 1 Xp Acost + Bsent + C1 et + C2 et Xp = Acost + Bsent y (t) = Xp = Asent + Bcost xp = Acost Bsent Reemplazando en (4), Acost Bsent Acost Bsent = 3cost 2 x(t) = 7 t 7 t 3 e + e cost 4 4 2 (8) y de (6), 7 t 7 t 1 e e + sent 4 4 2 (7) entonces, C 2 = Ahora de (5), 7 7 7 C2 2C2 = C2 = 2 2 4 C1 = C2 C1 = 7 C2 2

Tercer Examen Parcial I-B. Resoluci on por Transformada de LaPlace L [x ] = L [y ] + L [sent] pF (p) x(0) = G(p) + pF (p) 2 = G(p) + pF (p) G(p) = de (2)... L [y ] = L [x] + 2L [cost] pG(p) y (0) = F (p) + pG(p) = F (p) + pG(p) F (p) = de (10), F (p) =?, 2p F (p) = pG(p) 2 p +1 reemplazar en (9), 2p p pG(p) 2 p +1
2

Ecuaciones Diferenciales

de (1)... (p2

4p2 + 3 A B Cp + D = + + 2 + 1)(p 1)(p + 1) (p 1) (p + 1) (p + 1)

1 p2 + 1

A(p2 +1)(p+1)+B (p2 +1)(p1)+(Cp +D)(p1)(p+1) = 4p2 +3 p = 1 4B = 7 B = p = 1 4A = 7 A = 7 4 1 2 7 4

1 p2 + 1 (9)

1 +2 p2 + 1

p=0ABD =3D =

2p p2 + 1

p = 2 15A + 5B + 6C + 3D = 19 C = 0 y = L1 (10) 7/4 7/4 1/2 + p 1 p + 1 p2 + 1

2p p2 + 1 2p p2 + 1 y=

1 7 1 1 1 7 1 L L1 + L1 2 4 p1 4 p+1 2 p +1 y (t) = 7 t 7 t 1 e e + sent 4 4 2 1 2 +1 (11)

de (9), G(p) =?, G(p) = pF (p) reemplazar en (10), p pF (p) p2 F (p) 1 2p 2 F (p) = 2 p2 + 1 p +1 2p p 2p F (p) = 2 +1 p +1 p2 2p p + 2 + 2p +1 p +1 1 p2 + 1 1 p2 1 p2

1 G(p) = 2 +2 p +1

p2 G(p)

2p 1 G(p) = 2 +2 p2 + 1 p +1 1 2p2 + 2 + p2 + 1 p2 + 1 2p2 + 1 +2 p2 + 1 p2 1 1 1 p2 1

G(p)(p2 1) =

p2

G(p)(p2 1) =

F (p)(p2 1) = F (p) = F (p) =

G(p) =

2p2 + 1 +2 p2 + 1

3p + 2p p2 + 1 3p + 2p3 + 2p p2 + 1

G(p) =

(2p2 + 1) + 2(p2 + 1) p2 + 1 4p2 + 3 p2 + 1 1 2 p 1

G(p) =

F (p) = F (p) = x = L1

2p3 + 5p (p2 + 1)(p2 1) 2p3 + 5p + 1)(p 1)(p + 1)

G(p) =

4p2 + 3 2 (p + 1)(p2 1)

(p2

4p2 + 3 G(p) = 2 (p + 1)(p 1)(p + 1) y=L

1

2p3 + 5p (p2 + 1)(p 1)(p + 1)

4p2 + 3 2 (p + 1)(p 1)(p + 1)

Reduciendo la anterior expresi on por fracciones parciales, A B Cp + D 2p3 + 5p = + + 2 2 (p + 1)(p 1)(p + 1) (p 1) (p + 1) (p + 1) 3

Reduciendo la anterior expresi on por fracciones parciales,

Tercer Examen Parcial

Ecuaciones Diferenciales

A(p2 +1)(p+1)+B (p2 +1)(p1)+(Cp +D)(p1)(p+1) = 2p3 +5p p = 1 4B = 7 B = p = 1 4A = 7 A = 7 4 7 4

p=0ABD =0D =0 p = 2 15A + 5B + 6C = 26 C = x = L 1 7/4 7/4 (3/2)p + 2 p1 p+1 p +1 3 2

x=

7 3 7 1 1 1 p L + L1 L 1 2 4 p1 4 p+1 2 p +1 7 t 7 t 3 e + e cost 4 4 2 R ESULTADOS Y GR AFICA DE RESULTADOS x(t) = x(t) = 7 t 7 t 3 e + e cost 4 4 2 (12)

II.

Fig. 1
x(t)

y (t) =

7 t 7 t 1 e e + sent 4 4 2

Fig. 2
y (t)

R EFERENCIAS
[1] http://www.wolframalpha.com/ [2] http://www.mty.itesm.mx/etie/deptos/m/ma95-843/lecturas/l843-73.pdf [3] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekRWAktcn-Y