Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
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Fig. 6. IQ-imbalance suppression versus SNR
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
Academic writing is a poor preparation
for communication in the real world
Academia Real world
Audience Single, well-dened Multiple, unpredictable
More knowledgeable Less knowledgeable
Captive Selective
Purpose Demonstrate knowledge Inform, convince,
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
To communicate effectively,
make sure you have messages
Take distance from your work
to identify motivation and outcome
Recognize opportunity
such as captions of gures
Be selective about contents
Express complexity in a simple way
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
Modern myths
Shortcomings in scientic writing
Complicated writing
Purpose and audience
Chronological writing
The theorem approach
Depersonalized writing
Clear, accurate, concise
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
Most documents are chronological
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
Most documents are chronological,
except for the appendices
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Appendices
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
What interests readers is
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Appendices
Readers
Readers
Components of
primary interest
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
What interests readers is
not what interests authors
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Appendices
Readers
Readers
Authors
Authors
Components of
primary interest
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
Put what interests readers
upfront in an abstract
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Appendices
Abstract
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
Put what interests readers
upfront in an abstract
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Appendices
Foreword
Summary
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Need
(= problem)
A way to motivate the audience
(what you have what you want)
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Need
Task What I decided or was asked to do
in order to address the need
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Need
Task
Findings What I found as a result
of carrying out the task
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Need
Task
Findings
Conclusion
(= interpretation/
recommendation)
What the ndings mean to you
(possibly what you should do)
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
What the document does/contains
(and what you should do with it)
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
What you need to know
to understand the need
What I/you/they will do in the future
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective summary includes
both a foreword and a summary
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective abstract
comprises four layers
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective abstract
comprises four layers
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
document
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective abstract
comprises four layers
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
me
document
me
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective abstract
comprises four layers
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
you
me
document
me
you
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective abstract
comprises four layers
Foreword
The before
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
past
you
me
document
me
you
future
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
The foreword (before)
motivates the readers
Why
Motivation
Summary
The after
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
Why now
Why you
Why me
Why document
me
you
future
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
The summary (after)
gets messages across
Why
Motivation
What
Message(s)
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
Why now
Why you
Why me
Why document
What
So what
What now
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be
An effective abstract helps readers
make informed decisions
Foreword
Motivation
Summary
Message(s)
Context
Need
Task
Object
Findings
Conclusion
Perspectives
Do I care?
Do I need more?
8ste UGentFirW doctoraatssymposium
Wed 5 Dec 2007 Het Pand Gent Belgium
Plenary session 17:4518:30
2007 Principiae All rights reserved www.principiae.be