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Ecole Speciale d'Architecture, Paris, France Seminar fuer Aesthetik, Sophienstr. 22a, Berlin, D10178, Germany E-mail:
Division of Government & Politics, University of Northumbria, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE18ST, UK E-mail: Version of record first published: 04 Jun 2008.
To cite this article: Paul Virilio , Friedrich Kittler & John Armitage (1999): The information bomb a conversation , Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities, 4:2, 81-90 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697259908572036
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n the edited conversation below, conducted and broadcast on the German-French culture television channel ARTE in November 1995, the French cultural theorist Paul Virilio and the German philosopher Friedrich Kittler critically discuss the physicist Albert Einstein's concept of "the information bomb."2 Although the exchange is guided in part by the philosophical, literary, and scientific writings of Michel Foucault, Gregory Bateson, Alan Turing, and the later Norbert Weiner, Virilio and Kittler's theoretical concerns are also comparable with those of other cultural theorists in this issue.3 Even so, it is true to say that the dialogue mostly prefigures Virilio's recent work, La bombe informatique, and echoes Kittler's important text, Gramophone, Film, Typewriter.* But why would Virilio and Kittler want to focus a conversation on the idea of the information bomb? Back in the 1950s, Einstein claimed that humanity would have to face three kinds of bomb. The first bomb, the atomic bomb, was manufactured by the United States during the Second World War and dropped on Hiroshima in Japan in 1945. The second bomb was the information bomb. The third bomb was the population bomb, set to explode in the twenty-first century. Consequently, Virilio and Kittler centre their attention on the notion of the information bomb because it is currently exploding. Thus, in the following discussion, the two theorists characterise the information bomb as a tech nological and political weapon that uses the synthesis of microelectronics, virtual reality and cybernetic telecommunications not simply to generate prodigious amounts of "cyberhype" but to accelerate the rate of information transmission and the monopolisation of the Internet by multinational corporations. For the information bomb, like the atomic bomb before it, is largely the product of the US military and American-owned multinational firms. Moreover, unlike the first atomic bomb, the information bomb is not being dropped on a single city but on the territory of the entire planet. Today, therefore, the information bomb consists of information and communications networks thrust together by a technological explosion to form a military, economic, and political mass, in which an unhindered chain reaction occurs around the globe. A chain reaction that, after Virilio and Kittler, is presently resulting in the acceleration of world
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Paul Virilio Ecole Speciale d'Architecture Paris France Friedrich Kittler Seminar fuer Aesthetik Sophienstr. 22a D-10178 Berlin Germany E-mail: friedrich=kittler@rz.hu-berlin.de John Armitage Division of Government & Politics Northumberland Building University of Northumbria at Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne NE18ST UK E-mail: john.armitage@unn.ac.uk
notes
1 The story of the publication of this conversation is far too long and complex to recount here. However, I would like to express my gratitude to Paul Virilio and Friedrich Kittler. Thanks are also due to Geert Lovink for the original German transcript and to Patrice Riemens at nettime. A t Angehki, Gerard Greenway persevered way beyond the call of duty. Thanks Gerard. Finally, I would also like to thank Patrick Crogan, James Der Derian, and Douglas Kellner for their helpful editorial comments on earlier drafts.