Chapter 4 Personality and Values MULTIPLE CHOICE Personality 1. Which of the following statements about personality is correct? a.

Personality is always stable. b. Personality is a part of a person. c. Personality is an aggregate whole. d. Personality is for the most part comprised of traits that cannot be measured. e. Personality is the primary source of emotions in most people. (c; Easy; Personality; p. !"# 2. Which of the following statements about the determinants of personality is true? a. Personality appears to have no determinants. b. Personality appears to be a result of external factors. c. Personality appears to be a result of mainly environmental factors. d. Personality appears to be a result of mainly hereditary factors. e. Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors. (e; Easy; Personality $eter%inants; p. !"# 3. If personality characteristics were completely dictated by no amount of experience could alter them. a. "ob satisfaction b. heredity c. environment d. situations e. religion (&; Easy; Personality; p. !'# #. ! they would be fixed at birth and

$ll of the following are classifications on the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator except . a. extroverted)introverted b. sensing)intuitive c. perceiving)"udging d. independent)dependent e. thin*ing)feeling (d; Easy; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; pp. !,( !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 +. What does the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator classification of ,- or I. stand for? a. extroverted)intuitive b. emotional)introverted c. extroverted)introverted d. emotional)intuitive e. sane)reflective (c; Easy; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !,# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 /. What does the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator classification of ,0 or 1. stand for? a. sensing)intuitive b. sensing)thin*ing c. emotional stability)intuitive d. emotional stability)thin*ing e. sane)reflective (c; Easy; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !,# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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3ow would someone who is described as an -0(4 on the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator best be described? a. as a visionary b. as a conceptuali5er c. as an innovator d. as an organi5er e. as a leader (d; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 6. 7ou wish to hire a person who is innovative! individualistic! versatile! and entrepreneurial. 8andidates for this position would ideally have what classification on the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator? a. I1(4s b. -0(4s c. -1(Ps d. I09Ps e. -0(Ps (c; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 :. $ boo* that profiled 13 contemporary businesspeople who created supersuccessful firms including $pple 8omputer! 9ed-x! 3onda %otors! %icrosoft! and 0ony found that all 13 were what type of thin*ers? a. perceiving b. sensing c. intuitive d. conscientious e. feeling (c; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !-# 1;. What is the ma"or problem with the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator as a measure of personality? a. It is very difficult to administer. b. It forces a person to be categori5ed as either one type or another. c. It does not include enough dimensions to differentiate all the variety of human personality. d. It tends to overemphasi5e intuitive personality traits over analytical personality traits. e. It is very difficult to accurately interpret. (&; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 11. Which of the following is not included in the 'ig 9ive model? a. agreeableness b. conscientiousness c. intuitiveness d. emotional stability e. extraversion (c; Easy; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; pp. !-( !6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 12. Which dimension of the 'ig 9ive model refers to an individual<s propensity to defer to others? a. conscientiousness b. agreeableness c. extraversion d. feeling e. emotional stability (&; Moderate; /*reea&leness; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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Which dimension of the 'ig 9ive model is a measure of reliability? a. extraversion b. agreeableness c. conscientiousness d. feeling e. emotional stability (c; Moderate; Conscientiousness; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 1#. $ high score in which dimension of the 'ig 9ive model predicts good "ob performance for all occupational groups? a. extraversion b. agreeableness c. conscientiousness d. emotional stability e. openness to experience (c; Moderate; )i* 4i5e Traits; p. !6# 1+. What is the term used for the degree to which people li*e or disli*e themselves? a. core self&evaluation b. authoritarianism c. locus of control d. %achiavellianism e. efficacy (a; Easy; Core 0el+(E5aluation; p. # 1/. Which of the following statements about people with positive core self&evaluations is true? a. (hey set goals which are easily obtainable. b. (hey do not attribute positive outcomes to their own actions. c. (hey are overconfident. d. (hey ta*e responsibility less fre=uently. e. (hey tend to obtain more complex and challenging "obs. (e; Moderate; Core 0el+(E5aluation; p. # 12. What personality characteristic centers on whether a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can "ustify means? a. authoritarianism b. %achiavellianism c. (ype $ personality d. ris*&ta*ing e. 1arcissism (&; Easy; Machia5ellianis%; p. 7# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 16. Which of the following would be the statement most li*ely made by an individual high in %achiavellianism? a. ,It does not matter so much whether I am right or wrong! as long as I am the center of attention.. b. ,I do what I thin* needs to be done. I don<t need someone else to tell me what is right.. c. ,I<ll do whatever I have to do to get ahead.. d. .I<ll put it all on the line if I have to> you<ve got to play big to win big.. e. ,I move fast> if you get in my way I<ll run you down.. (c; Challen*in*; Machia5ellianis%; p. 7# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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$ high %ach would be most suited for which of the following positions? a. a manager who leads a team of geographically distant consultants b. a human resources manager who ensures staff firings do not place the company in legal "eopardy c. an ombudsman who investigates consumer complaints and mediates their outcome d. an auditor who chec*s that all company accounts are *ept properly e. a real estate bro*er negotiating in the lease of large amounts of office space (e; Moderate; Machia5ellianis%; p. 7# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 2;. ?uring an annual review %itchel made the following assertion@ ,When I loo* at myself and my performance I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and has! not surprisingly! won me the admiration and envy of most of my colleagues. I notice that everyone *eeps tal*ing about me> they are all "ust waiting to find out what triumph I will pull off nextA In short! I don<t "ust deserve a raise! but need one! since without me! let<s face it! the place would simply fall apart.. Which of the following is probably the best descriptor of %itchel<s personality? a. (ype $ b. external locus of control c. high&self monitoring d. narcissistic e. high %ach (d; Moderate; 8arcissis%; p. 7# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 21. 3ow would you describe an individual who is capable of presenting stri*ing contradictions between who they are in public and who they are privately? a. low %ach b. high %ach c. low self&monitoring d. high self&monitoring e. narcissistic (d; Moderate; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# 22. Which of the following statements about low self&monitors is true? a. (hey have a low behavioral consistency between who they are and what they do. b. (hey tend to rate their performance much more highly than do outside observers. c. (hey tend to pay less attention to the behavior of others than high self&monitors. d. (hey usually receive high performance ratings. e. (hey tend to thrive in areas that re=uire them to ta*e ris*s. (c; Moderate; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# 23. 3igh self&monitors will most li*ely be well&suited to which of following positions? a. one that re=uires them to play multiple roles b. one that re=uires them not to yield to outside pressure c. one that re=uires them to operate independently for long periods of time d. one that re=uires them to ta*e ris*s e. one that re=uires a great deal of creativity (a; Moderate; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 2#. Which of the following has the highest intrinsic ris*&ta*ing propensity? a. an accountant performing auditing activities b. a stoc* trader in a bro*erage firm c. a computer technologist d. a mar*eting representative e. a school crossing guard (&; Easy; :is2(Ta2in*; p. 4# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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What term is used to describe the personality of an individual who is aggressively involved in an incessant struggle to achieve more and more in less and less time? a. (ype $ personality b. (ype ' personality c. proactive personality d. narcissistic personality e. high %ach personality (a; Easy; Type / Personality; p. 4# 2/. Which of the following is true of people with a (ype $ personality? a. (hey tend to be more successful than people with a (ype ' personality. b. (hey play for fun and relaxation. c. (hey measure their success in terms of how much of everything they ac=uire. d. (hey generally feel little need to discuss their achievements. e. (hey are generally content with their place in the world. (c; Moderate; Type / Personality; p. 4# 22. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the (ype ' personality? a. $ (ype ' does not suffer from a sense of time urgency! with its accompanying impatience. b. $ (ype ' plays for fun and relaxation. c. $ (ype ' strives to thin* or do two or more things at once. d. $ (ype ' can relax without guilt. e. $ (ype ' does not need to discuss their achievements. (c; Moderate; Type ) Personality; p. 4# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 26. People with which type of personality trait commonly ma*e poor decisions because they ma*e them too fast? a. 3igh self&esteem b. (ype $s c. (ype 's d. 0elf&monitors e. -xtroverts (&; Easy; Type / Personality; p. 4# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 2:. Which of the following terms best describes people who show initiative! ta*e action! and persevere until meaningful change occurs? a. (ype $ b. high self esteem c. proactive personalities d. high conscientiousness e. high %ach (c; Moderate; Proacti5e Personality; p. "# 3;. Which of the following personality traits is most li*ely to help achieve career success? a. proactive b. high 0.c. (ype $ d. extrovert e. agreeable (a; Moderate; Proacti5e Personality; p. "#

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Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that ,a specific mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct.? a. values b. attitudes c. convictions d. preferences e. affectual preferences (a; Easy; Values; p. '# 32. What does the content attribute of a value state? a. that the value is complete b. that the value is important c. that the value is strongly or wea*ly held d. the behavior associated with that value e. that the value is not transient (&; Moderate; Value /ttri&utes; p. '# 33. When we ran* an individual<s values in order of their a. intensity b. content c. context d. social acceptance e. social needs (a; Moderate; Value 0yste%; p. '# 3#. ! we obtain the person<s value system.

Which of the following statements about values is true? a. Balues are flexible. b. Balues are synonymous with attitudes. c. Balues tend to be consistent among occupational groups. d. Balues are fairly stable over time. e. Balues change easily when they are called into =uestion. (d; Moderate; Values; p. ,# 3+. Balues are important to organi5ational behavior because they . a. allow the study of alignment of organi5ational policies b. lay the foundation for the understanding of attitudes and motivation c. form the supporting foundation for the study of ethics d. are an integral part of culture e. encourage ethical behavior (&; Moderate; I%portance o+ Values; p. ,# 3/. What is the difference between terminal and instrumental values! as proposed by Co*each? a. (erminal values are the goals that a person would li*e to achieve during his or her lifetime! while the instrumental values are the preferable modes of behavior in achieving these values. b. Instrumental values are the goals that a person would li*e to achieve during his or her lifetime! while terminal values are the preferable modes of behavior in achieving theses values. c. (erminal values are the highest values in a person<s value system! while instrumental values are the ones that are most often used. d. Instrumental values are the values that are used in day to day life! terminal values are those that come into play at times of great stress. e. (erminal values are the values shared by the group as a whole! instrumental values are the values that differ within a group and give rise to conflict. (a; Moderate; :o2each Value 0ur5ey; p. ,# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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Which of the following values would be most li*ely to be considered a terminal value by Co*each? a. ambition b. broad&mindedness c. helpfulness d. a sense of accomplishment e. self&control (d; Moderate; :o2each Value 0ur5ey; p. -# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 36. Which of the following terminal values was ran*ed as the most important by executives? a. family security b. self&respect c. e=uality d. freedom e. social security (&; Moderate; :o2each Value 0ur5ey Values; p. -# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 3:. What is the term used to describe wor*ers who entered the wor*force in the 1:+;<s and early 1:/;<s? a. 'oomers b. 1exters c. Ders d. Beterans e. %illennials (d; Moderate; Veterans; p. 6# #;. What cohort of wor*ers in the E.0. is most loyal to their careers? a. Beterans b. 'oomers c. 1exters d. Ders e. %illennials (a; Moderate; Veterans; p. 6# #1. What term is used for those who entered the E.0. wor* force from the mid&1:/;s through the mid&1:6;s? a. Beterans b. 'oomers c. 1exters d. Ders e. (raditionalists (&; Moderate; )oo%ers; p. 6# #2. Which category of dominant wor* values is most li*ely to characteri5e a ++&year&old employee in the E.0.? a. hard wor*ing! conservative! conforming! and loyal to the organi5ation b. team&orientated! honest! self&reliant! and loyal to relationships. c. material success! achievement! distrust of authority! and loyal to career d. wor*)life balance! team&oriented! disli*e of rules! and loyal to relationships e. confident! financial success! self&reliant but team&oriented! and loyal to both self and relationships (c; Challen*in*; )oo%ers; p. 6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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What is the term used to describe those members of the population whose lives have been shaped by globali5ation! %(B! $I?0! and computers and who value flexibility! life options! and the achievement of "ob satisfaction? a. Beterans b. 'oomers c. 1exters d. Ders e. 3exers (d; Easy; ;ers; p. 7!# ##. In the E.0.! employees in what age group are most li*ely to leave a "ob in mid&career to pursue another that provides more leisure time? a. 2;<s b. 3;<s c. #;<s d. +;<s e. /;<s (&; Moderate; ;ers; pp. 6( 7!# #+. %ore than other generations! entrepreneurial. a. 'oomers b. 1exters c. (raditionalists d. Beterans e. Ders (&; Easy; 8e<ters; p. 7!# #/. tend to be =uestioning! socially conscious! and

(he most recent entrants to the E.0. wor*force are a. Beterans b. 'oomers c. 1exters d. Ders e. (raditionalists (c; Easy; 8e<ters; p. 7!# #2.

What cohort of wor*ers in the E.0. is most li*ely to bal* at having to wor* extensive overtime and wee*ends? a. Beterans b. 'oomers c. 1exters d. Ders e. (raditionalists (d; Moderate; ;ers; p. 7!# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 Fin*ing an Individual<s Personality and Balues to the Wor*place #6. 3olland<s theory of personality&"ob fit argues that "ob satisfaction is highest and turnover lowest where . a. personality and occupation are in agreement b. an individual is highly motivated c. salary is high d. felt emotions are displayed e. compensation is high (a; Easy; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77#

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developed a Bocational Preference Inventory =uestionnaire that contains 1/; occupational titles. a. %aslow b. 3olland c. 3ofstede d. 3er5berg e. 0urber (&; Easy; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# +;. -ach of the six personality types developed in 3olland<s personality&"ob fit theory has a . a. supplemental personality style b. congruent personality style c. congruent occupational environment d. supplemental occupational environment e. supplemental s*ill set (c; Challen*in*; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# +1. (he ,realistic. personality from 3olland<s typology of personality and congruent occupations would be well suited for which of the following "obs? a. painter b. accountant c. mechanic d. lawyer e. biologist (c; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# +2. 7ou are see*ing to fill the position of corporate accountant! and have administered 3olland<s Bocational Preference Inventory =uestionnaire to all candidates. 7ou would suspect that the =uestionnaire would indicate that the best candidates for the position would have which of the following personality types? a. conventional b. realistic c. enterprising d. investigative e. social (a; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# +3. (he ,enterprising. personality from 3olland<s typology of personality and congruent occupations would exhibit which of the following personality characteristics? a. imaginative! disorderly! idealistic b. shy! genuine! persistent c. sociable! friendly! cooperative d. self&confident! ambitious! energetic e. conforming! efficient! practical! (d; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 +#. What are conse=uences of a good fit between person and occupation? a. a low level of stress b. a high level of accomplishment c. high satisfaction and low turnover d. maximum performance and efficiency e. a high rate of turnover (c; Easy; Person(Or*ani>ation 4it; p. 77#

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Which of the following researchers produced a comprehensive analysis of variation among cultures? a. %aslow b. 3ofstede c. 9estinger d. 0*inner e. 9reud (&; Moderate; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 74# +/. Which of the following is not one of 3ofstede<s five dimensions of national culture? a. power distance b. flexibility versus rigidity c. individualism versus collectivism d. long&term versus short&term orientation e. uncertainty avoidance (&; Moderate; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 74# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 +2. What is the measure of the extent to which people in a country accept the fact that power in institutions and organi5ations is distributed une=ually? a. caste acceptance b. collectivism c. power distance d. masculinity e. rigidity (c; Moderate; Po@er $istance; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 +6. Which of the following is most li*ely to be a country with high power distance? a. an individualist country li*e $ustralia b. a long term oriented country li*e 4apan c. an uncertainty avoiding country li*e Eruguay d. a collectivist country li*e Guatemala e. a masculine country li*e Greece (d; Challen*in*; Po@er $istance; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 +:. Which of 3ofstede<s dimensions is the degree to which people in a country prefer structured to unstructured situations? a. collectivism b. power distance c. long&term orientation d. uncertainty avoidance e. idiocentricity (d; Easy; Uncertainty /5oidance; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 /;. Which of the following is not one of the cultural dimensions identified by the GFH'- team? a. assertiveness b. future orientation c. humane orientation d. age differentiation e. power distance (d; Moderate; The ALO)E 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 7"# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3

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Which of the following cultural dimensions identified by GFH'- does not have an e=uivalent in 3ofstede? a. future orientation b. power distance c. performance orientation d. individualism)collectivism e. gender differentiation (c; Moderate; The ALO)E 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures p. 7"# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 T:UEB4/L0E Personality /2. $ll of our behavior is shaped by our personalities. (True; Easy; Personality; p. !4# /3. Personality loo*s at the parts of the person rather than the aggregate whole. (4alse; Easy; Personality; p. !"# /#. Personality is part of the way in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. (4alse; Easy; Personality; p. !"# /+. $n adult<s personality is proven to be made up of both hereditary and situational factors! moderated by environmental conditions. (4alse; Moderate; Personality $eter%inants; p. !"# //. If personality characteristics were completely dictated by heredity! they would be fixed at birth and no amount of experience could alter them. (True; Moderate; Personality $eter%inants; p. !'# /2. 0tudies of adults lend strong support to the power of heredity in determining personality. (4alse; Moderate; Personality $eter%inants; p. !'# /6. Cesearchers have found that genetics accounts for about +; percent of the personality differences and more than #; percent of the variation in occupational and leisure interests in studies of identical twins. (4alse; Challen*in*; Personality $eter%inants; p. !'# /:. $ trait can be described as a characteristic or behavior that is sometimes exhibited in a few situations. (4alse; Moderate; Personality $eter%inants; p. !,# 2;. %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator is a 1;;&=uestion personality test that types four characteristics into sixteen personality types. (True; Easy; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !,# 21. In the %yers&'riggs typology! 0 stands for sensible. (4alse; Easy; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !,# 22. In the %yers&'riggs typology! 1 stands for intuitive. (True; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !,# 23. In the %yers&'riggs typology! P stands for preparedness. (4alse; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !-#

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If you were loo*ing for an employee who was an organi5er! you would probably choose one whose type is I19P. (4alse; Moderate; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !-# 2+. $ recent study of contemporary businesspeople who created extremely successful firms found that all of these individuals were 1(s. (True; Challen*in*; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; p. !-# 2/. $ substantial body of research supports the %'(I as a valid measure of personality. (4alse; Easy; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !-# 22. $n impressive body of research supports that five basic personality dimensions underlie all others. (True; Moderate; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; p. !-# 26. (he 'ig 9ive %odel factor termed ,extraversion. is probably a good predictor of "ob performance in most professions. (4alse; Challen*in*; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; p. !-# 2:. 8onscientiousness refers to an individual<s propensity to defer to others. (4alse; Moderate; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; p. !-# 6;. 4anet *eeps emotional distance from her cowor*ers and believes that the ends can "ustify the means. 4anet would rate high in %achiavellianism. (True; Moderate; Machia5ellianis%; p. 7# 61. 0tudies show that while narcissists thought they were better leaders than their colleagues! their supervisors actually rated them as worse leaders. (True; Moderate; 8arcissis%; p. 7# 62. 0elf&monitoring refers to an individual<s ability to ad"ust his or her behavior to external! situational factors. (True; Easy; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# 63. 3igh self&monitors tend to pay less attention to the behavior of other people than do low self monitors. (4alse; Moderate; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# 6#. Fow self&monitors show high behavioral consistency. (True; Moderate; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# 6+. Fow ris*&ta*ers ma*e more rapid decisions. (4alse; Moderate; :is2(Ta2in*; p. 4# 6/. -vidence demonstrates that decision accuracy is the same for high and low ris*&ta*ing managers. (True; Moderate; :is2(Ta2in*; p. 4# 62. People with (ype $ personalities are rarely concerned with time. (4alse; Easy; Type / Personality; p. 4# 66. Individuals with (ype ' personalities exhibit characteristics highly pri5ed by the 1orth $merican culture. (4alse; Moderate; Type / and Type ) Personalities; p. 4#

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Iac* is always moving and is impatient. 3e prefers wor* to leisure and seems obsessed with numbers. Iac* probably has a (ype ' personality. (4alse; Easy; Type / and Type ) Personalities; p. 4# :;. People with (ype $ personalities tend to be creative. (4alse; Moderate; Type / Personality; p. 4# :1. (he content attribute of a value says that a mode of conduct is important. (True; Easy; Value /ttri&utes; p. '# :2. When we ran* an individual<s values in terms of the intensity of those values! we obtain that person<s value system. (True; Moderate; Value 0yste%; p. '# :3. Balues tend to be stable and enduring. (True; Easy; Values; p. ,# :#. Balues generally influence attitudes and behavior. (True; Moderate; I%portance o+ Values; p. ,# :+. Instrumental values are preferable modes of behavior! or means of achieving one<s terminal values. (True; Moderate; Instru%ental Values; p. ,# :/. %ilton Co*each developed a survey that assesses terminal and instrumental values. (True; Moderate; :o2each Value 0ur5ey; p. ,# :2. CB0 values are fairly stable and consistent among groups. (4alse; Easy; :o2each Value 0ur5ey Values; p. -# :6. (he loyalty of Beterans is to their employers. (True; Moderate; Veterans; p. 6# ::. 'oomers place a great deal of emphasis on achievement and material success. (True; Moderate; )oo%ers; p. 6# 1;;. Beterans tend to be more loyal to their country and less loyal to their employer. (4alse; Moderate; Aenerational Values; p. 6# 1;1. (he lives of Ders have been shaped by war! women<s lib! $I?0! and computers. (4alse; Moderate; Aenerational Values; pp. 6( 7!# 1;2. (erminal values such as a sense of accomplishment and social recognition ran* high with 1exters. (4alse; Moderate; Aenerational Values; p. 7!# Fin*ing an Individual<s Personality and Balues to the Wor*place 1;3. Individuals with 3olland<s ,investigative. personality are well suited for careers as small business managers. (4alse; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# 1;#. 3olland<s ,conventional. personality! placed in the position of a cost accountant! is li*ely to be dissatisfied and =uit. (4alse; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77#

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(he five personality factors identified in the 'ig 9ive %odel appear in almost all cross&cultural studies. (True; Moderate; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; p. 79# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 1;/. -ach culture has a common personality type. (4alse; Moderate; Personality; p. 79# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 1;2. Geert 3ofstede produced a very widely referenced approach for analy5ing variations among cultures. (True; Moderate; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 1;6. 8ollectivism refers to a cultural attribute describing a loosely *nit social framewor* in which people tend to the interests of their immediate family. (4alse; Moderate; Indi5idualis% Versus Collecti5is%; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 1;:. It is consistent for a country with a democratic government to ran* below average on power distance. (True; Moderate; Po@er $istance; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 11;. Hrgani5ations in a society high in uncertainty avoidance are li*ely to have more rules. (True; Challen*in*; Uncertainty /5oidance; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 111. E.0. culture ran*ed above average on power distance according to 3ofstede. (4alse; Moderate; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 74# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 112. (he GFH'- research program is an ongoing cross&cultural investigation of leadership and national culture. (True; Easy; The ALO)E 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 7"# .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 113. GFH'-<s future orientation dimension is essentially e=uivalent to 3ofstede<s long&term)short&term orientation. (True; Moderate; 4ra%e@or2s +or /ssessin* Cultures p. 7"# 11#. (he GFH'- dimensions have replaced 3ofstede<s dimensions. (4alse; Easy; 4ra%e@or2s +or /ssessin* Cultures p. 7"#

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0CE8/:IO()/0E$ CUE0TIO80 $pplication of the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator 7ou are assembling a team to wor* on a long&term pro"ect which re=uires creativity! stamina! and farsightedness. (he only piece of information available to you is the %yers&'riggs (ype of each of the applicants. (hese results are shown below@ 8andidate %yers 'riggs (ype 11+. $lan I1(4 'renda -0(4 8ameron -1(P ?rusilla -09P -llen I19P

7ou need to choose a lead person for the team. (his person must be a visionary> combining an original mind with great drive. Who would be the best candidate based on their %yers 'riggs (ype? a. $lan b. 'renda c. 8ameron d. ?rusilla e. -llen (a; Challen*in*; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 11/. 7ou are loo*ing for an organi5er! a person on whom you can depend to be practical and realistic. Who would be the best candidate based on their %yers 'riggs (ype? a. $lan b. 'renda c. 8ameron d. ?rusilla e. -llen (&; Challen*in*; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 112. 7ou need a person who is innovative! individualistic! and versatile and is attracted to entrepreneurial ideas. Who would be the best candidate based on their %yers 'riggs (ype? a. $lan b. 'renda c. 8ameron d. ?rusilla e. -llen (c; Challen*in*; Myers()ri**s Type Indicator; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 $pplication of the 'ig 9ive %odel 7ou are the manager of a small bouti=ue. 7ou have decided to apply the 'ig 9ive %odel in order to understand your employees and their wor* habits because it is generally supported by an impressive body of research. 7ou want to use the five dimensions of personality to match individuals with "obs to which they are well&suited. 116. %ichelle 4ac*son! one of your newest employees! is an extravert. Which of the following statements is least li*ely to be true? a. %ichelle will probably attend the company picnic. b. %ichelle will probably have a large number of relationships. c. %ichelle will be friendly and outgoing. d. %ichelle will perform well on speciali5ed! detail&oriented tas*s. e. %ichelle will be suited to a managerial or sales position. (d; Moderate; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; p. !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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7ou *now that your customers are demanding and sometimes difficult. Which personality dimension taps a person<s ability to withstand stress? a. extraversion b. "udging c. conscientiousness d. emotional stability e. intellect (d; Moderate; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; p. !6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 12;. 4ane 0impson rates low on conscientiousness. (his would this lead you to suspect that which of the following statements is most li*ely to be true about 4ane? a. 0he will be easily distracted. b. 0he will find comfort in the familiar. c. 0he will be nervous! depressed! and insecure. d. 0he will be comfortable with solitude. e. 0he will be very dim&witted. (a; Challen*in*; Conscientiousness; p. !6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 121. 7ou wish to predict how strong organi5ational citi5enship behavior JH8'K is in each of your employees. Which of the five facets of personality will probably be of the most interest in this case? a. extraversion b. agreeableness c. conscientiousness d. emotional stability e. intellect (c; Challen*in*; Conscientiousness; pp. !6( # .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 $pplication of Hther Personality (raits Celevant to H' %ary Wood is a new manager. 0he recogni5es that personality attributes can help to explain and predict employee behavior. 122. %ary has an opening for a position re=uiring a lot of face to face interaction with others. 0he should identify the employee with aJanK for a good fit. a. high self&monitoring tendency b. low self&monitoring tendency c. internal locus of control d. external locus of control e. high 0(a; Challen*in*; 0el+(Monitorin*; p. 9# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 $pplication of Generational Balues 7ou have "ust been promoted to manage a sales group. 7our group is made up of ten people who range in age from 23 to /2. 7ou have read that there are certain dominant wor* values for each age group and thin* that this may help you understand your group. 123. $s you wor* with (om! who is 23 years old! you are li*ely to find that he a. desires financial success b. prefers leisure time c. sees the company merely as a vehicle for his career d. highly values security e. none of the above (a; Moderate; 8e<ters; pp. 6( 7!# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .

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$my is +; years old. 7ou are not surprised to find that she a. desires financial success b. prefers leisure time c. sees the company merely as a vehicle for her career d. highly values security e. none of the above (c; Moderate; )oo%ers; p. 6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 12+.

7ou find that 4erry! who is 3; years old! is not typical for his age group because he a. is very loyal to the company b. puts a great deal of emphasis on security c. values financial success over leisure time d. all the above e. none of the above (d; Moderate; ;ers; pp. 6( 7!# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 12/. $ndrew is now /+ years old. 7ou are not surprised to find that he a. places a great deal of importance on family security b. trades off salary increases for increased leisure time c. see*s meaning in his wor* d. tends to emphasi5e the terminal value of freedom e. strives to secure a solid grip on retirement benefits (a; Moderate; Veterans; p. 6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 $pplication of Person&4ob 9it (heory .

7ou have decided to use 3olland<s (ypology of Personality and 8ongruent Hccupations to help your friends who are college seniors recogni5e which "obs they would be well&suited for. %onica is shy! stable! and persistent. 1eil is ambitious and energetic and li*es to dominate conversations. 4essica is idealistic! impractical! and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical! but he lac*s imagination and tends to be inflexible. 8hris is an original thin*er! with an analytical and independent intelligence. 122. %onica is ma"oring in interior design. 3er personality type is ,realistic. according to 3olland<s (ypology. Which of the following statements is correct? a. %onica<s personality type is well&suited to her ma"or. b. %onica is better suited to be a ban* teller. c. Interior design is incongruent with her personality type. d. Interior design is congruent with a ,social. personality type. e. %onica prefers physical to mental activities. (c; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 126. Which of your friends is best suited to being an accountant? a. Walter b. 1eil c. 4essica d. %onica e. 8hris (a; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 12:. Which of your friends is most li*ely to find a successful career as a writer? a. Walter b. 1eil c. 4essica d. %onica e. 8hris (c; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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Who might be well&suited to being a lawyer? a. Walter b. 1eil c. 4essica d. %onica e. 8hris (&; Moderate; Personality(=o& 4it Theory; p. 77# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 $pplications of 3ofstede<s 9ramewor* 0uppose that you are a 3uman Cesource %anager for Prentice 8orporation. 7ou are in charge of developing a training program for managers coming to the Enited 0tates from your subsidiaries around the world. 7ou have decided to use the 3ofstede 9ramewor* for discussing cultural differences that they might expect to find. Ese your *nowledge of the wor* of 3ofstede to answer the following =uestions. 131. 7our Indonesian managers will need to be especially aware of the difference that exists between their country and the Enited 0tates in the degree of of the two cultures. a. life =uality b. individualism c. power distance d. uncertainty avoidance e. self&esteem (c; Challen*in*; Po@er $istance; p. 74# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3 0HO:T $I0CU00IO8 CUE0TIO80 132. ?iscuss the ,'ig 9ive. model of personality. The +i5e(+actor %odel o+ personality is typically called the D)i* 4i5e.E /n i%pressi5e &ody o+ research supports its thesis that +i5e &asic di%ensions underlie all others and enco%pass %ost o+ the si*ni+icant 5ariation in hu%an personality. :esearch on the )i* 4i5e has +ound relationships &et@een these personality di%ensions and Fo& per+or%ance. (Easy; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; pp. !-( !6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 133. Identify and briefly describe the five *ey traits in the 'ig 9ive personality model. The +i5e 2ey traits in the )i* 4i5e personality %odel are e<tro5ersionG a*reea&lenessG conscientiousnessG e%otional sta&ilityG and openness to e<perience. a# E<tro5ersion captures one?s co%+ort le5el @ith relationships. &# /*reea&leness re+ers to an indi5idual?s propensity to de+er to others. c# Conscientiousness is a %easure o+ relia&ility. d# E%otional sta&ility taps a person?s a&ility to @ithstand stress. e# Openness to e<perience addresses one?s ran*e o+ interests and +ascination @ith no5elty. (Easy; )i* 4i5e Personality Model; pp. !-( !6# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 13#. 'riefly describe the (ype ' personality. Type )?s are Drarely harried &y the desire to o&tain a @ildly increasin* nu%&er o+ thin*s or participate in an endless *ro@in* series o+ e5ents in an e5er(decreasin* a%ount o+ ti%e.E Type )?s ne5er su++er +ro% a sense o+ ti%e ur*ency @ith its acco%panyin* i%patienceG can rela< @ithout *uiltG and so on. (Easy; Type ) Personality; p. 4# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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?iscuss the importance of values. Values are i%portant to the study o+ or*ani>ational &eha5ior &ecause they lay the +oundation +or the understandin* o+ attitudes and %oti5ation and &ecause they in+luence our perceptions. Indi5iduals enter an or*ani>ation @ith preconcei5ed notions o+ @hat Dou*htE and @hat Dou*ht notE to &e. These notions are not 5alue(+ree. They contain interpretations o+ ri*ht and @ron*. Values cloud o&Fecti5ity and rationality. Values *enerally in+luence attitudes and &eha5ior. (Easy; I%portance o+ Values; p. ,# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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?iscuss the Co*each Balue 0urvey. Include definitions and discussion of terminal values and instrumental values. Milton :o2each created the :o2each Value 0ur5ey (:V0#. The :V0 consists o+ t@o sets o+ 5aluesG @ith each set containin* - indi5idual 5alue ite%s. a# One setG called ter%inal 5aluesG re+ers to desira&le end(states o+ e<istence. These are *oals that a person @ould li2e to achie5e durin* his or her li+eti%e. &# The other setG called instru%ental 5aluesG re+ers to pre+era&le %odes o+ &eha5iorG or %eans o+ achie5in* the ter%inal 5alues. (Moderate; :o2each Value 0ur5ey; p. ,# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

ME$IUM LE8ATH $I0CU00IO8 CUE0TIO80 132. What is the %yers&'riggs (ype Indicator J%'(IK and how might it be used by managers? The Myers()ri**s Type Indicator (M)TI# is one o+ the %ost @idely used personality +ra%e@or2s. It is essentially a !!(Huestion personality test that as2s people ho@ they usually +eel or act in particular situations. On the &asis o+ the ans@ers indi5iduals *i5e to the testG they are classi+ied as e<tro5erted or intro5erted (E or I#G sensin* or intuiti5e (0 or 8#G thin2in* or +eelin* (T or 4#G and percei5in* or Fud*in* (P or =#. These classi+ications are then co%&ined into si<teen personality types. The M)TI has a place in trainin* and de5elop%entG since it can help e%ployees to &etter understand the%sel5es. It can also pro5ide aid to tea%s &y helpin* %e%&ers &etter understand each other. (Easy; Myers( )ri**s Type Indicator Classi+ications; pp. !,( !-# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 136. 1ame and describe the value dimensions of culture identified by 3ofstede. a# Po@er distance is the de*ree to @hich people accept that po@er in institutions and or*ani>ations is distri&uted uneHually. &# Indi5idualis%Bcollecti5is% is the de*ree to @hich people pre+er to act as indi5iduals or as %e%&ers o+ a *roup. c# /chie5e%entBnurturin* is the de*ree to @hich 5alues such as asserti5enessG the acHuisition o+ %oney and %aterial *oods and co%petition pre5ail 5ersus the de*ree to @hich people 5alue relationshipsG and sho@ sensiti5ity and concern +or the @el+are o+ others. d# Uncertainty a5oidance is the de*ree to @hich people pre+er structured o5er unstructured situations. e# Lon*(ter%Bshort(ter% orientation is the de*ree to @hich people loo2 to the +uture or to the past and present. The latter e%phasi>es respect +or tradition and +ul+illin* social o&li*ations. (Moderate; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; p. 74# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3

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8ompare 3ofstede<s cultural dimensions with the GFH'- framewor*. The Alo&al Leadership and Or*ani>ational )eha5ior E++ecti5eness research pro*ra% identi+ied nine di%ensions on @hich national cultures di++er. /sserti5eness is essentially eHui5alent to Ho+stede?s Huantity(o+(li+e di%ensions. 4uture orientation is eHui5alent to Ho+stede?s lon*(ter%Bshort ter% orientation. Aender di++erentiation is the e<tent to @hich a society %a<i%i>es *ender role di++erences. Uncertainty a5oidanceG po@er distanceG and indi5idualis%Bcollecti5is% @ere also identi+ied &y Ho+stede. In(*roup collecti5is% enco%passes the e<tent to @hich %e%&ers o+ a society ta2e pride in %e%&ership in s%all *roups. Per+or%ance orientation is the de*ree to @hich a society encoura*es and re@ards *roup %e%&ers +or per+or%ance i%pro5e%ent and e<cellence. Hu%ane orientation is de+ined as the de*ree to @hich a society encoura*es and re@ards indi5iduals +or &ein* +airG altruisticG *enerousG carin*G and 2ind to others. This is close to Ho+stede?s Huality(o+( li+e di%ension. (Moderate; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; pp. 74( 7"# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3

COMP:EHE80IVE E00/I0 1#;. ?escribe what is meant by the terms ,person&"ob fit. and ,person&organi5ation fit.. The person(Fo& +it theory @as de5eloped &y =ohn Holland. It is &ased on the notion o+ +it &et@een an indi5idual?s personality characteristics and his or her occupational en5iron%ent. The theory ar*ues that satis+action is hi*hest and turno5er lo@est @hen personality and occupation are in a*ree%ent. The 2ey points o+ this %odel are1 ( # there do appear to &e intrinsic di++erences in personality a%on* indi5idualsG (7# there are di++erent types o+ Fo&sG and (9# people in Fo& en5iron%ents con*ruent @ith their personality types should &e %ore satis+ied and less li2ely to 5oluntarily resi*n than should people in incon*ruent Fo&s. The personJor*ani>ation +it essentially ar*ues that people are attracted to and selected &y or*ani>ations that %atch their 5aluesG and lea5e or*ani>ations that are not co%pati&le @ith their personalities. People @ith hi*h e<tra5ersionG +or e<a%pleG +it &etter @ith a**ressi5e and tea%(oriented culturesG @hile people @ith hi*h a*reea&leness @ill %atch up &etter @ith a supporti5e or*ani>ational cli%ate. :esearch on personJor*ani>ation +it has also loo2ed at people?s 5alues and @hether they %atch the or*ani>ation?s culture. The +it o+ e%ployees? 5alues @ith the culture o+ their or*ani>ation predicts Fo& satis+actionG co%%it%ent to the or*ani>ationG and lo@ turno5er. (Challen*in*; Personality(=o& 4it Theory and Person(Or*ani>ation 4it; pp. 7 ( 79# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3

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?iscuss the five value dimensions of national culture described by 3ofstede. -xplain where the Enited 0tates ran*s on each of the five dimensions. Aeert Ho+stede?s +ra%e@or2 analy>es 5ariations a%on* cultures. He +ound that %ana*ers and e%ployees 5ary on +i5e 5alue di%ensions o+ national culture. They are po@er distanceG indi5idualis%Bcollecti5is%G %asculinityB+e%ininityG uncertainty a5oidanceG and lon*( ter%Bshort(ter% orientation. a# Po@er distance is the de*ree to @hich people in a country accept that po@er in institutions and or*ani>ations is distri&uted uneHually. &# Indi5idualis% is the de*ree to @hich people in a county pre+er to act as indi5iduals rather than as %e%&ers o+ *roups. Collecti5is% is the eHui5alent o+ lo@ indi5idualis%. c# MasculinityB+e%ininity is the de*ree to @hich the culture +a5ors traditional %asculine roles such as achie5e%entG po@erG and control 5ersus a culture that 5ie@s %en and @o%en as eHuals. d# The de*ree to @hich people in a country pre+er structured o5er unstructured situations is uncertainty a5oidance. e# People in cultures @ith lon*(ter% orientations loo2 to the +uture and 5alue thri+t and persistence. / short(ter% orientation 5alues the past and presentG and e%phasi>es respect +or tradition and +ul+illin* social o&li*ations. The United 0tates scored lo@ on po@er distance and uncertainty a5oidance. The U.0. also ran2s lo@ in lon*(ter% orientation. The U.0. is in the %iddle ran2s +or %asculinityB+e%ininity. The U.0. is ran2ed hi*hest on indi5idualis%. (Challen*in*; Ho+stede?s 4ra%e@or2 +or /ssessin* Cultures; pp. 74G 7'# .//C0)1 /nalytic 02ills3 .//C0)1 Multicultural and $i5ersity3

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