Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
What constitutes an epistemically adequate digital representation of (material or intangible) cultural heritage?
Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Representing objects
The standard model in material culture disciplines and cultural heritage documentation
Based on an object ontology Attested in historical context Foundation of current documentation standards
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object documentation standards for museums Conceptual Descriptions for Works of Art (CDWA) Cataloguing Cultural Objects CIDOC object documentation standard SPECTRUM categories .
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Conceptualising musealia
Museological objects (van Mensch) Four levels of data
Structural properties Functional properties Context Significance
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe (2013-2016)
Individuation, mereology and emergent classification of archaeological monuments Conceptualizing and representing artefact and monument descriptions, and archaeological reports, as knowledge objects
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On fixity
The Ise Shinto shrine
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On individuation
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On reflexivity
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
How fast and hard is the separation between objects and kinds?
David Clarkes artefact-type-assemblage model A cultural object as instantiation of a type Problem cases
A silkscreen print by Picasso A digital surrogate of a photograph of a site
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Identifications as relations between objects and kinds Constitution of kinds through description Constitution of objects in classifications
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Kindful objects
This sculpture from the Parthenon shows a Centaur rearing triumphantly over a dying human Lapith. This focus on human suffering epitomises the intense humanism of Greek art. The sculpture also represents Greece's struggle to resist being absorbed into the Persian Empire. The Greeks had a strong notion of their own identity and regarded the Persians as barbarians like the Centaurs. The Parthenon was completed in 432 BC on the site of an earlier unfinished temple destroyed by the Persians (British Museum 2010)
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object-actor networks
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On object agency
Efficacious objects (Gell)
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Missed opportunity
The extra checks were made in an atmosphere haunted by a tragic missed opportunity []. Investigators say a piece of Columbia's broken heat shield panel shook loose during some thruster firings on the day after launch and drifted off into space. For many minutes, the debris was well within range of the shuttles cameras and the crew members eyeballs but nobody noticed [] The piece was tracked by sensors around the world, at such precision that its shape and mass could be estimated. It matched a broken-off, curved panel with supporting ribs [] Had the object been seen, many flight controllers now feel, enough suspicion would have been raised to look more closely for heat shield damage. (NASA website)
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
We adopt the intentional stance toward someone (or something) when we predict its behavior on the basis of what it would do if it had beliefs, desires, and intentions, while leaving open the possibility that it does not, in fact, have them (Appiah 2003) Cultural biography of objects
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Eventful objects
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Some conceptual problems with representing this photograph of the Yalta conference
What are the boundaries of the photograph?
The blind man stick problem
Is what takes place in Yalta a structure of events, of objects, or (also) something else?
Mental events: motives, plans, intentions Causes, effects, purposes? In general, how can we usefully think of events?
Is the Yalta conference the same event for Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill, you and me?
Intentionality Context
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Speaking of events
Objects, which can be collected or represented, may exist as evidence associated with events: bloodstains on the carpet, perhaps, or a footprint in the sand; There may well be representations of the event itself: photos, newspaper reports, memoirs. Such documents can be stored and retrieved; and, also, Events can, to some extent, be created or recreated. [] Since an event [in experimental science] cannot be stored and since accounts of the results are no more than hearsay evidence, the feasibility of reenacting the experiment so that the validity of the evidence, of the information, can be verified is highly desirable. (Buckland, 1991)
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Actors
location
Temporal Entities Time-Spans at Places
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
The Yalta Conference acc. CIDOC CRM (Doerr and others, various publications)
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
An alternative approach
Representing objects as meetings between events
Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Archaeological vision
Despite the rigorous way in which a tool such as this one structures perception of the dirt being scrutinized, finding the correct category is not an automatic or even an easy task. [] The color patches on the chart are glossy, while the dirt never is [] Moreover, the colors being evaluated frequently fall between the discrete categories provided by the Munsell chart. Two students at the field school looking at exactly the same dirt and reference colors can and do disagree as to how it should be classified (Goodwin 1993).
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Archaeological reports
The typical layout of a report is rather similar from one country to another. A report consists of a description of investigation process, a survey of related literature and an interpretation of the results of the investigation. The description is followed by a catalogue of finds unearthed during the project, a list of photographs, plans, drawings and samples. The most important findings are often summarised in a separate short introductory chapter in the beginning of the report. (Huvila, 2008)
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Fluidity in cataloguing
We need to incorporate fluidity in the cataloguing model itself [] The record should model the document as a series of transition events, and should describe the nature of the events, the agents responsible for the events, and the times and places of those change events (Carl Lagoze on the Harmony project / ABC ontology).
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Thick description
Geertz, after Ryle
Whats the difference between twitching, winking, parodying?
the point is that between what Ryle calls the "thin description" of what the rehearser (parodist, winker, twitcher . . .) is doing ("rapidly contracting his right eyelids") and the "thick description" of what he is doing ("practicing a burlesque of a friend faking a wink to deceive an innocent into thinking a conspiracy is in motion") lies the object of ethnography: a stratified hierarchy of meaningful structures in terms of which twitches, winks, fake-winks, parodies, rehearsals of parodies are produced, perceived, and interpreted, and without which they would not [..] in fact exist, no matter what anyone did or didn't do with his eyelids
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Activity theory
Activity: purposeful interaction of a subject with the world Directed toward an object, a physical or conceptual entity embodying the fulfilment of some objective or motive, intended to meet a specific need of the subject Activity systems are composed as a hierarchy of activities, constituted by conscious actions, which in turn are constituted by sub-conscious operations Subjects can be individuals, but also communities of practice, sharing needs and motives Activities take place by means of tool mediation, which include both physical and cognitive mediational artefacts
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Activities-actions-operations
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Issues
What is the scope of information objects curated in the scholarly research process?
What is the relation between data and scholarly objects?
What is the structure of scholarly research activity, and what does it entail?
How do workflows look like, and how fixed are they? How serialised, and how granular, are scholarly primitives?
What is the relationship between information seeking and curation, as part of scholarly activity?
When is curation enacted in the scholarly activity lifecycle, and by whom?
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Seeking confirmation Writing up Looking up at more stuff, and going around in circles More writing up Publishing
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
82
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
87
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Digital curatorship
The network of knowledges, norms, motives and goals shaping curatorial activity It privileges the role of the actor: the scholar, the visitor, the community It identifies a third pillar in the structure of activity systems, beside the domain of objects and the domain of processes:
the domain of agency
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Scholarly activity
Epistemic process
Epistemology
Epistemic objects
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Checks
Content Providers
Structural
Native XML
Mapping tool
SIP
Well-formedness Integrity
Define Mapping
AIP
Versioning
Native, CARARE, Mapping, Provider & item admin info (package independence)
Repository
RDF
DIP
Enrich
AIP
CARARE
EDM
AIP
Europeana
Mapping
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
<carare id=001> <heritageAssetInformation> <appellation> <id>001</id> <name lang=gre></name> <name lang=gre preferred=true></name> </appellation> </heritageAssetInformation> <digitalResource> <link>http://acropolis.gr/001.tiff</link> <format>tiff</format> <spatial> <address> <locality>Acropolis</locality> <townOrCity>Athens</townOrCity> <country>Greece</country> </address> </spatial> </digitalResource> </carare>
<edm:Type>IMAGE</edm:Type>
98 98
Spatial transform
<carare id=001> <digitalResource> <spatial> <spatialReferenceSystem> EPSG:28992 </spatialReferenceSystem> <cartographicReference> <spatialFeatureType> point </spatialFeatureType> <car:coordinates> <x>121821; 487476</x> <y /> </car:coordinates> </car:cartographicReference> </spatial> </digitalResource> </carare> <car:coordinates> <x>121821</x> <y>487476</y> </car:coordinates>
Check if X/Y Lat/Lon or Lon/Lat Check if the monument is located in the country that is described in the record (country code = NL)
99 99
De-duplication
CARARE Record 1
heritageAsset ID: H-1
CARARE Record 2
heritageAsset ID: H-2
CARARE Record 3
heritageAsset ID: H-3
digitalResource
ID: D-1
digitalResource
ID: D-4
digitalResource
ID: D-1
digitalResource
ID: D-2
digitalResource
ID: D-1
digitalResource
ID: D-5
digitalResource
ID: D-3
digitalResource
ID: D-5
digitalResource
ID: D-6
CARARE Record 1
heritageAsset
ID: H-1
CARARE Record 2
heritageAsset ID: H-2
CARARE Record 3
heritageAsset ID: H-3
digitalResource
ID: D-1
Relation : H1D-1
digitalResource
ID: D-2
digitalResource
ID: D-4
digitalResource
ID: D-3
digitalResource
ID: D-5
digitalResource
ID: D-6
100
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Ontological considerations
Objects as mutable mobiles
4-dimensional semantics, including time Reflexive, interpretive objects
Epistemological considerations
Contingent nature of cultural knowledge
Support for multiple points of view Support for inconsistent facts Support for curation lifecycle
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe (2013-2016)
Individuation, mereology and emergent classification of archaeological monuments Conceptualizing and representing artefact and monument descriptions, and archaeological reports, as knowledge objects
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Develop an ontology for the formal representation of digital scholarly methods and tools, and their use in digital humanities research projects
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Multilingual Comparative, aggregated Leveraging cooperation with Europeana Cloud project Manual to be produced Published in knowledge portal
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
111
08 March 2014
Trans-European survey
To include questions on:
Scholarly data and collections Digital humanists and centres Information seeking Organising Studying and annotating Sharing and publishing Tools and services used Infrastructure and standards Devices and environment Requirements and foresight
Scholarly practices
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Methods ontology
In collaboration with the NeDIMAH network Leveraging earlier work
AHDS computational methods taxonomy DARIAH-DE taxonomy DARIAH-GR Scholarly Research Activity Model
113
08 March 2014
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe (20132016)
Metadata registry; semantic annotation and linking service
LoCloud architecture
Lightweight Repository MINT Enrichment Services Export Third Party Services
Authentication Services
Object/Datastream Services
Collection Services
Index Database
Storage Node
Storage Node
Storage Node
Storage Node
Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Thank you!
For more info: Costis.Dallas@utoronto.ca http://bit.ly/CostisDallas
Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations