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Multiple choice questions

Answer all of the following questions. Read each question carefully. Fill the correct bubble on your scantron sheet. Each question has exactly one correct answer. All questions are worth the same amount of points. 1.

A plane goes 300 km from A to B in a straight line, immediately turns around, and returns to A. The time for this round trip is 2 hour. The magnitude of the average velocity of the plane for this round trip is
A. B. C. D. E.

0 km/h v avg =

x and t

x = 0

100 km/h 150 km/h 200 km/h Cannot be calculated without knowing the acceleration

2.

A car, initially at rest, travels 20m in 4s along a straight line with constant acceleration. The acceleration of the car (in m/s2) is
A. 0.4 B. 1.3 C.

2.5
D. 4.9 E. 9.8 3.

a=

2x = 2.5 m / s 2 2 t

At a stoplight, a truck traveling at 15m/s passes a car as it starts from rest. The truck travels at constant velocity and the car accelerates at 3m/s2. How many seconds will it take for the car to catch up to the truck?
A. 5 B.

10 xtruck = 15t , x car =

1 2 3t , xcar = xtruck at t = 10 s 2

C. 15 D. 20 E. 25

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4.

An elevator is moving upward with constant acceleration. The dashed curve shows the position y of the ceiling of the elevator as a function of the time t. At the instant indicated by the dot, a bolt breaks loose and drops from the ceiling. Which curve best represents the position of the bolt as a function of time? y A B C E D t The trajectory must be a parabola. When the bolt breaks loose, the elevator and the bolt have the same velocity (the bolt parabola should have the same tangent as the elevator trajectory at the dot)

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5.

On a circular track, a car starts from rest at point A and moves in a clockwise direction with increasing speed. What is the direction of the acceleration vector at A? B

A. Undefined: the acceleration is zero

r r r r v = vC v A = vc Take C between A and B and bring

B.

it closer and closer to A. circle at A pointed up.

r vC

becomes tangent to the

C. D.

E.

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6.

Referring to the car of the previous question, what would be a valid direction of the acceleration at point B?
A. Undefined: the acceleration is zero B.

C. The car is traveling on a circle: one component of the acceleration

is toward the center. The car is speeding up: the other component of the acceleration is tangent to the circle.
D. E. 7.

r r r r A Four vectors , B , C , D all have the same magnitude. The angle

between adjacent vectors is 45 as shown. The correct vector equation is r

r B

45 45 45

r C r D

A.

B. Add B and D using the parallelogram construction. The sum r r r B + D is equal to 2C C. D. E.

r r r B 2 C+D =0 r r

r r r r A BC + D = 0

A+ B+C + D = 0

r r r r A B =r B + D r +r r

r r r A + 2B + C = 0

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8.

r r A B In the diagram, has magnitude 12 m and has magnitude 8 m. r r The x component of A + B is about
y

r A
45 60

r B

A. B. C. D. E.

4.5 m 8.5 m 12.5 m since Ax+Bx=12cos45 + 8cos60 14.5 m 20 m

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9.

Two objects, A and B, move with constant speed relative to a straight line. The strobe diagram shows the positions of the objects at instant 1-3, separated by one-second time intervals. (Note that each tick mark on the diagram represents 5 meters.) 1
A B

2
A B

3
A B

5 meters

At instant 2 what is the direction of the instantaneous velocity of object B in the frame of reference of object A?
A. to the left (B is getting closer and closer to A) B. to the right C. Undefined: the velocity is zero

10. Still referring to the problem of the previous question, at instant 2, what

is the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity of object B in the frame of reference of object A?
A. 0 m/s B. 10 m/s

Between instant 1 and instant 2, the distance between A and B changes from 20m to 10m C. 20 m/s D. 30 m/s E. 50 m/s

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Questions 11 through 18 all refer to the same problem. A baseball is thrown from the top of a cliff as shown below. The cliff height is marked in each case. Answer the following questions, referring to these cases. Take g=10 m/s2. 5 m/s 45 20 m x A B C

20 m/s 45 5 m/s 20 m 20 m

30 m/s 10 m/s 20 m

20 m E

D (Assume that the ball doesn't touch the cliff on its way down).

11. In which case will the baseball remain in the air the longest amount of

time? D It is case D that has the largest initial v0y

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12. In which case will the baseball remain in the air the shortest amount

of time? C It is case C that has the smallest initial v0y (since v0y<0 for C)

13. In which case will the baseball go the farthest in the x direction?

E The ball in case E travels farther than the ball in cases B,C and D since the flight time is the same or less and v0x<30 for all of these cases. Compare A and E: In case A, the ball remains longer in the air than the ball in case E. But v0x is larger in case E than in case A. A computation reveals that the ball in case E travels farther than the ball in case A. Find the flight time for A (take g=10m/s2)
1 20 = 10t 2 + 5 sin 45t t = 2.38s 2 The distance traveled in case A is 2.38 5 cos 45 = 8.43m

And for E: flight time => 20 = 10t 2 t = 2 s Thus the distance traveled in case E is 2 30 = 60m
1 2

14. Consider cases B and E only

In which case will the baseball remain in the air the longest amount of time?
A. case B B. case E C. Same amount of time for both

In both cases, the motion along the y axis is the same.

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15. If you wanted to make the ball go farther in the x direction, in case B, you

could
A. increase the magnitude of the initial velocity OK since the distance is v0 x t flight time . A greater initial velocity increases

v0x B. change the angle between the initial velocity and the x direction to +45 (i.e. the initial velocity is directed upward at a 45 angle). If the projectile is fired at an angle at the top of a cliff of height h, the flight time is the (positive) solution of
2 v0 sin v0 sin 2 2h 1 2 h = gt + v0 sint t = + + 2 g g g2

and the distance traveled is

2 2 v0 sin cos v0 sin 2 2h + v0 cos + d= g g g2 Thus

d =0 = v 0 d = 45 =

2h 40 = 20 = 40m 10 g
2 v0 2h + = 54.6m 2 g 2g

2 v0 v + 0 2g 2

C. move to a higher cliff

OK since the distance is v0 x t flight time . A higher cliff increases tflight time D. A and B E. A, B and C

All questions 16 through 18 refers to case D (take g=10m/s2)

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16. Determine how many seconds it takes for the baseball to hit the ground

A. 1.9 B. 2.7 C. 3.2

Solve:
1 20 = 10t 2 + 10t t = 1 + 5 = 2 D. 3.8 E. 4.8 17. What is the magnitude of the velocity when the ball hits the ground? A. B. C. D. E.

0 m/s 5 m/s 10.7 m/s 15.8 m/s 22.4 m/s There is only motion along the y axis and
v = v y = 10t + 10 v = 22.36m / s

18. What is the direction of the acceleration when the baseball is at its

highest point?
A. B. C. D. E.

Undefined: the acceleration is zero. x x y y The acceleration of the ball is always equal to the acceleration of gravity